Journal articles: 'YAMUNA SAND'

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Sourav De and Prabir Kumar Basudhar. "Steady State Strength Behavior of Yamuna Sand." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 26, no. 3 (November 30, 2007): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-007-9160-5.

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Sahu, Raghvendra, B. Janaki Ramaiah, Ramanathan Ayothiraman, and G. V. Ramana. "Dynamic Properties of Human Hair Fiber–Reinforced Yamuna Sand." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 48, no. 6 (May 1, 2019): 20180133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20180133.

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., Deepak Rana. "STUDY OF SHEAR BEHAVIOUR OF YAMUNA SAND BLENDED WITH SOFT SOIL." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 06, no. 03 (March 25, 2017): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2017.0603003.

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Hanumantharao, C., and G. V. Ramana. "Effect of Non-Plastic Fines on Liquefaction Resistance and Pore Pressure Behavior of Fine Sand." International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 2, no. 2 (July 2011): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgee.2011070105.

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The liquefaction behavior of sand-silt mixtures is highly debatable. Various conflicting opinions are prevalent in literature, as no unique test parameter exists that can be used to express the effect of non-plastic fines on liquefaction resistance of sand. Thus, the present study critically reviews and summarizes the effect of non-plastic fines on liquefaction resistance of sand along with the test parameter and the range of fines contents used to arrive at the given conclusion. In addition, several stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on fine Yamuna sand with varying percentages of non-plastic silt. In the current study, relative density has been adopted as the standard test parameter, as it can be directly correlated to the standard penetration value in the field. Results shows that if non-plastic fines are added to sand, liquefaction resistance increases below the limiting silt content and then liquefaction resistance decreases as further addition of fines when relative density is constant. As long as the fines are non-plastic, the pore pressure behavior is similar to that of sands and can be represented with the simple models.

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Zaheeruddin and Shadab Khurshid. "Aquifer Geometry and Hydrochemical Framework of the Shallow Alluvial Aquifers in the Western Part of the Yamuna River Basin, India." Water Quality Research Journal 39, no. 2 (May 1, 2004): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2004.020.

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Abstract The Yamuna basin constitutes a part of the Ganga plain which is one of the most densely populated regions and one of the largest groundwater repositories on the earth. Agricultural activities, population growth, rapid industrialization, and unplanned urbanization in the plain have resulted in various geo-environmental hazards, in particular, deterioration of groundwater quality. This studies the aquifer geometry and geochemical evaluation of groundwater in terms of its suitability for domestic and agricultural uses. Groundwater in the basin occurs in Quaternary alluvium and fractures in highly consolidated Alwar quartzites. Hydrogeological cross sections revealed a two- to three-tier aquifer system down to 100 m below ground level. The aquifer sequence comprises of clay, silt, different grades of sand and gravel in varying proportions. Climatic conditions, weathering and anthropogenic activities control the groundwater chemistry in the basin. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the groundwater is variable (pH = 5.5–8.8; EC = 500–6700 µS/cm). At most places, the groundwater is alkaline, hard, and saline. In general, the groundwater has a composition expressed in equivalent units of Na+>Ca2+>K+>Mg2+ for cations and Cl->SO42->HCO3->CO32- for anions. The majority of the samples analyzed are classified as Na-Cl water which imparts residual sodium carbonate (RSC) hazards in irrigation use. The next dominant water types are Ca-Mg-Cl and Ca-Mg-HCO3-. Groundwater with a higher proportion of NO3-, Na+, F-, and K+ at a few sites represents the influence of anthropogenic sources on groundwater composition. An excess of alkali metals (Na+ + K+) over Cl- reflects input from the weathering of sodium- and potassium-rich minerals. The high %Na, EC and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values at a few sites restrict its suitability for irrigation.

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Shlapinskiy, V. Ye, H. Ya Havryshkiv, and Yu P. Haіevska. "NEW DATA ON PROMISING OIL AND GAS OBJECTS OF THE YAMNA SUITE OF THE PALEOCENE IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE SKІBA AND KROSNO COVERS OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS." Geological Journal, no. 1 (March 29, 2023): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30836/igs.1025-6814.2023.1.268990.

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Thick sandstones of the Yamna suite are widespread throughout the Skіba cover, as well as in the south-eastern part of the Krosno cover. The research area is bounded by the Limnytsia River in the northwest and the Ukrainian-Romanian border in the southeast. Several promising structures comprising the Yamna sandstones (Brusturanska, Yanovetska, and Voronenkivska) are identified in this area. Among them, according to the number of positive indicators of oil and gas potential, the Voronenkivska structure (Nadvirna district of Ivano-Frankivsk region, near the settlements of Voronenka, Yablunytsya, Polyanytsya) is the most promising, localized in the Zelemyanka slice. The structure is divided by faults into four tectonic blocks and stretches for 8 km. Under the Oligocene rocks, crumpled into the anticlinal fold of the north-western extension, Paleocene-Eocene deposits are inferred according to the geological models, which contain thick sand strata of the Vyhoda (Middle Eocene) and Yamna suites of the total thickness over 300 m. Oil manifestations are documented in the Oligocene deposits on the surface. Potentially promising horizons may be in the depths range 1500-1800 m. The article extends the previous work devoted to the assessment of the oil and gas prospects of the Yamna suite of the Paleocene of the north-western part of the Skуba cover of the Ukrainian Carpathians. 4.2 million tons of oil were recovered from the Yamna sandstones of the Paleocene, which are characterized by good reservoir properties, in the fields localized in the north-western part of the Skiba cover. The Yamna sandstones in this sector of the Carpathians are also common in the Krosno cover. The uneven distribution of industrial oil potential between these two parts of the Carpathians is explained by lithological changes or the influence of structural and geochemical factors. A study of stratigraphy and reservoir properties of the Yamna sandstones, common in the deposits of the Skіba and Krosno covers, suggests that they comprise satisfactory reservoirs for hydrocarbons. Promising areas and structures have been identified and described.

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Inoue, Tetsushi, Yoko Takematsu, Akinori Yamada, Yuichi Hongoh, Toru Johjima, Shigeharu Moriya, Yupaporn Sornnuwat, Charunee Vongkaluang, Moriya Ohkuma, and Toshiaki Kudo. "Diversity and abundance of termites along an altitudinal gradient in Khao Kitchagoot National Park, Thailand." Journal of Tropical Ecology 22, no. 5 (July 27, 2006): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467406003403.

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Termites are dominant invertebrates in tropical soils (Wood & Sands 1978) and are important mediators of decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems (Abe & Matsumoto 1979, Lawton et al. 1996, Lee & Wood 1971, Matsumoto & Abe 1979, Wood & Sands 1978, Yamada et al. 2005). Furthermore, these processes, such as carbon mineralization and nitrogen fixation, are dependent on the species assemblage structure of the termite community (Lawton et al. 1996, Yamada et al. 2005, 2006). Feeding habits of termites reflect their metabolic processes. The three major isopteran groups – wood-feeders, fungus-growers (fungus-growing wood/litter feeders), soil-feeders – appear to play very different roles in the decomposition process (Tayasu et al. 1997, Wood 1976, Wood & Sands 1978, Yamada et al. 2005). Consequently, the relative abundance of each feeding group provides useful information on the function of the termite assemblage in an ecosystem.

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Zhou, Nian Qing, Shan Zhao, Wei Song, and Jun Otani. "Contaminant migration in unsaturated porous media using X-ray computerized tomography (CT)." Water Science and Technology 69, no. 5 (December 21, 2013): 953–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.801.

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Landfills are usually located in unsaturated zones. Contaminant leaking can easily infiltrate groundwater through these porous media and contribute to groundwater pollution. The main objective of this work is to study the leachate migration in unsaturated porous media using X-ray computerized tomography (CT) and image-processing software. Silica sand and Yamazuna sand (collected from Japan) with different particle sizes are considered. Potassium iodide (KI) solution is used as a contaminant and injected into sand specimens at appropriate rates. The specimens are scanned at each cross section before and after contaminant injection by X-ray CT. Subsequently, all CT images are transformed into mean CT values by Image J software. VGStudio software is then used to reconstruct the subtracted images into three-dimensional images. The results indicate that vertical migration is dominant in uniform sand and horizontal migration is the main behavior in well-graded sand. Meanwhile, it is also confirmed that CT scanning is an effective technology to study contaminant migration in unsaturated porous media with different grain sizes.

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Havryshkiv, Halyna, and Natalia Radkovets. "Paleocene deposits of the Ukrainian Carpathians: geological and petrographic characteristics, reservoir properties." Baltica 33, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/baltica.2020.2.1.

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The Paleocene Yamna Formation represents one of the main oil-bearing sequences in the Ukrainian part of the Carpathian petroleum province. Major oil accumulations occur in the Boryslav-Pokuttya and Skyba Units of the Ukrainian Carpathians. In the great part of the study area, the Yamna Formation is made up of thick turbiditic sandstone layers functioning as reservoir rocks for oil and gas. The reconstructions of depositional environments of the Paleocene flysch deposits performed based on well log data, lithological and petrographic investigations showed that the terrigenous material was supplied into the sedimentary basin from two sources. One of them was located in the northwest of the study area and was characterized by the predominance of coarse-grained sandy sediments. Debris coming from the source located in its central part showed the predominance of clay muds and fine-grained psammitic material. The peculiarities of the terrigenous material distribution in the Paleocene sequence allowed singling out four areas with the maximum development (> 50% of the total section) of sandstones, siltstones and mudstones. The performed petrographic investigations and the estimation of reservoir properties of the Yamna Formation rocks in these four areas allowed establishing priority directions of further exploration works for hydrocarbons in the study territory.

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Yamini Anand, Mohd Abu Zaid. "Antioxidant Effect of Stevia Rebaudiana on Humanerythrocytes." Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights 2, no. 29 (December 24, 2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2020-29-2(4).

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Abstract-The changing lifestyle and environment conditions have predisposed common man towards numerous diseases. Today most of the diseases are said to be caused by synthetic chemicals, toxic heavy metals, and the stress of modern living. It is also true that oxygen is essential for sustaining life but it is also dangerous to our existence. Oxygen is being viewed as playing a lead role in the generation of reactive intermediates, thereby causing cellular damage. Our body has the mechanism to handle free radicals and prevent its damaging effect, which involves the use of antioxidants as glutathione and antioxidant enzymes assuperoxidedismutase,catalase,glutathioneperoxidaseglutathionereductase, glutathione-S-transferase to counter these free radicals. When the redoxstatus of the body is overwhelmed by these radical species, this may result in variety of chronic diseases and even premature senility.The administration of natural antioxidant as food constitutes or therapeutic agents is looked-for to neutralize these reactive oxygen species and prevent or delay diseased condition caused by these reactive species. Most exogenous antioxidants come from raw vegetable fruits, spices, herbsandvariousmedicinalplants.Naturalantioxidants are always appreciated over synthetic ones because they lack toxic side effects. The present study deals with the effectsofStevia rebaudiana leaf extract on the statusantioxidant of RBC as evident by an in vitro dose-dependent decrease in the activity of erythrocytes superoxide dismutaseand catalase as compared to the normal control whereas at much higher concentration ofstevialeaf extract (100μg/ml)started to show a reversingtrendofitsprotectiveaction.

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Neogi, Sayantani, Charles A. I. French, Julie A. Durcan, Ravindra N. Singh, and Cameron A. Petrie. "Geoarchaeological insights into the location of Indus settlements on the plains of northwest India." Quaternary Research 94 (December 20, 2019): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2019.70.

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AbstractThis article presents a geomorphological and micromorphological study of the locational context of four Indus civilisation archaeological sites—Alamgirpur, Masudpur I and VII, and Burj—all situated on the Sutlej-Yamuna interfluve in northwest India. The analysis indicates a strong correlation between settlement foundation and particular landscape positions on an extensive alluvial floodplain. Each of the analysed sites was located on sandy levees and/or riverbank deposits associated with former channels. These landscape positions would have situated settlements above the level of seasonal floodwater resulting from the Indian summer monsoon. In addition, the sandy soils on the margins of these elevated landscape positions would have been seasonally replenished with water, silt, clay, and fine organic matter, considerably enhancing their capacity for water retention and fertility and making them particularly suitable for agriculture. These former landscapes are obscured by recent modification and extensive agricultural practices. These geoarchaeological evaluations indicate that there is a hidden landscape context for each Indus settlement. This specific type of interaction between humans and their local context is an important aspect of Indus cultural adaptations to diverse, variable, and changing environments.

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Fadilah, Natasya, Sigit Dwi Nugroho, and Dona Wahyuning Laily. "Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Konsumen Food Truck di Yamaha Land Surabaya." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 23, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 971. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v23i1.2825.

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Yamaha Land is a place of business for food truck entrepreneurs who were born in Surabaya. Customer satisfaction is important for the company because it can also be a marketing tool. One effort to increase consumer satisfaction is to determine the level of consumer preference for the characteristics of a product or service. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of consumers, the process of consumer purchasing decisions, and customer satisfaction at Yamaha Land Surabaya. The number of respondents in the study were 96 respondents. The analytical methods used in this research are descriptive analysis, Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), and Customer Satisfaction Analysis (CSI). Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the majority of Yamaha Land consumers are male, with an age range of 22-27 years, monthly income of Rp. Yamaha Land consumers go through five stages in their purchase decision process, namely the need recognition stage, information search, alternative evaluation, purchase decision and post-purchase. The results of Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) of attributes contained in quadrant I are taste and speed, Quadrant II is cleanliness, friendliness, politeness, and tidiness, Quadrant III is price, color and texture, and Quadrant IV is aroma. While the value on the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) is 75.6 percent. Judging from the consumer satisfaction index, it can be said that consumers who come to Yamaha Land for all tested attributes are in the satisfied category.

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Ariyasu, E., S. Kakuta, and T. Takeda. "BATHYMETRY MAPPING USING HYPERSPECTRAL DATA: A CASE STUDY OF YAMADA BAY, NORTHEAST JAPAN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 17, 2016): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b7-61-2016.

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This study aims to examine if the inversion method using hyperspectral data is applicable in Japan. Nowadays, overseas researchers are mainly applied an inversion method for accurately estimating water depth. It is able to gain not only water depth, but also benthic spectral reflection and inherent optical properties (IOPs) at the same time, based on physics-based radiative transfer theory for hyperspectral data. It is highly significant to understand the possibility to develop the application in future for coastal zone of main island, which is a common water quality in Japan, but there is not any case study applied this method in Japan. The study site of Yamada bay in Iwate Prefecture is located in northeast of Japan. An existed analytical model was optimized for mapping water depth in Yamada bay using airborne hyperspectral image and ground survey data which were simultaneously acquired in December, 2015. The retrieved remote-sensing reflectance (R<sub>rs</sub>) is basically qualitatively appropriate result. However, when compared with all ground survey points, the retrieved water depth showed low correlation, even though ground points which are selected sand bottom indicates high relationship. Overall, we could understand the inversion method is applicable in Japan. However, it needs to challenge to improve solving error-caused problems.

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Ariyasu, E., S. Kakuta, and T. Takeda. "BATHYMETRY MAPPING USING HYPERSPECTRAL DATA: A CASE STUDY OF YAMADA BAY, NORTHEAST JAPAN." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 17, 2016): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-61-2016.

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This study aims to examine if the inversion method using hyperspectral data is applicable in Japan. Nowadays, overseas researchers are mainly applied an inversion method for accurately estimating water depth. It is able to gain not only water depth, but also benthic spectral reflection and inherent optical properties (IOPs) at the same time, based on physics-based radiative transfer theory for hyperspectral data. It is highly significant to understand the possibility to develop the application in future for coastal zone of main island, which is a common water quality in Japan, but there is not any case study applied this method in Japan. The study site of Yamada bay in Iwate Prefecture is located in northeast of Japan. An existed analytical model was optimized for mapping water depth in Yamada bay using airborne hyperspectral image and ground survey data which were simultaneously acquired in December, 2015. The retrieved remote-sensing reflectance (R<sub>rs</sub>) is basically qualitatively appropriate result. However, when compared with all ground survey points, the retrieved water depth showed low correlation, even though ground points which are selected sand bottom indicates high relationship. Overall, we could understand the inversion method is applicable in Japan. However, it needs to challenge to improve solving error-caused problems.

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Ren, Xueming, Qingyan Yin, and K. P. Shum. "On Uσ-Abundant Semigroups." Algebra Colloquium 19, no. 01 (March 2012): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s100538671200003x.

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A U-abundant semigroup whose subset U satisfies a permutation identity is said to be Uσ-abundant. In this paper, we consider the minimum Ehresmann congruence δ on a Uσ-abundant semigroup and explore the relationship between the category of Uσ-abundant semigroups (S,U) and the category of Ehresmann semigroups (S,U)/δ. We also establish a structure theorem of Uσ-abundant semigroups by using the concept of quasi-spined product of semigroups. This generalizes a result of Yamada for regular semigroups in 1967 and a result of Guo for abundant semigroups in 1997.

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Qian, Yishuang. "A Literature Review on Japanese Tragic Female Images—In Case of Memories of Matsuko." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 7, no. 3 (July 15, 2023): p18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v7n3p18.

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Memories of Matsuko is a masterpiece by the popular modern Japanese author Muneki Yamada, with a circulation of 1.2 million copies including the pocket edition book. The work portrays a tragic woman, Matsuko Kawajiri, who despites all her hardships, still laughs at life and courageously pursues love. However, such an active woman has come to a tragic end. Thus, the literary figure of Matsuko Kawajiri embodies the tragic nature of modern Japanese women from multiple perspectives, including the family and the workplace, and can be said to have representative characteristics.

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OWENS, SCOTT, JOHN REPPY, and AARON TURON. "Regular-expression derivatives re-examined." Journal of Functional Programming 19, no. 2 (March 2009): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796808007090.

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AbstractRegular-expression derivatives are an old, but elegant, technique for compiling regular expressions to deterministic finite-state machines. It easily supports extending the regular-expression operators with boolean operations, such as intersection and complement. Unfortunately, this technique has been lost in the sands of time and few computer scientists are aware of it. In this paper, we reexamine regular-expression derivatives and report on our experiences in the context of two different functional-language implementations. The basic implementation is simple and we show how to extend it to handle large character sets (e.g., Unicode). We also show that the derivatives approach leads to smaller state machines than the traditional algorithm given by McNaughton and Yamada.

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Singh, L. A. K., and R. K. Sharma. "Sighting trend of the Indian Skimmer (Charidiformes: Laridae: Rynchops albicollis Swainson, 1838) in National Chambal Gharial Sanctuary (1984–2016) reflecting on the feasibility of long-term ecological monitoring." Journal of Threatened Taxa 10, no. 5 (April 26, 2018): 11574. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.3732.10.5.11574-11582.

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River Chambal, in northwestern India, is a tributary of the Gangetic River system. It flows through the states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh (MP) and Uttar Pradesh (UP), and the National Chambal Gharial Sanctuary (NCGS) encompasses a 572km stretch of the river from Keshoraipatan in Rajasthan to Pachhnada in UP. The sanctuary includes about 15km of river Yamuna after confluence with Chambal. During annual monitoring of Gharial in Chambal the Indian Skimmer, Rhynchops albicollis numbers were also counted in 12 study zones for 17 observation years spread between 1984–85 and 2015–16. The number of skimmers was below 355 for 15 of the 17 observation years. Skimmer counts were higher in 1995 at 555 individuals. The count for different study zones is not uniform, but with reference to Rajghat at the crossing of National Highway number-3, the count upstream is lower than downstream with an exception in the year 2011. The river downstream appears to be a better skimmer habitat with better availability of fish, and long stretches of flowing water along low-lying sandy banks. The study calls for continued, coordinated and strengthened attention to NCGS for added conservation of locally migrating birds. The research and management connect in NCGS is a model where long term ecological monitoring has been possible because of simple and implementable protocols that were used unchanged over such a long period by a set of identified field personnel.

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OSAWA, MASAYUKI, and YOSHIHISA FUJITA. "Submarine cave hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) from three islands of the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan." Zootaxa 4560, no. 3 (February 26, 2019): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4560.3.3.

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Hermit crab species are reported on the basis of specimens collected by recent faunal surveys in submarine caves of three islands (Ie, Okinawa, and Shimoji Islands) of the Ryukyu Islands, southwestern Japan. The material includes three species in three genera of Diogenidae and 11 species in four genera of Paguridae. Catapaguroides longior Komai, Yamada & Shirakawa, 2010 and Pylopaguropsis granulata Asakura, 2000, each previously known only from the holotype, are recorded with intraspecific morphological variation observed in the present specimens. Color and morphological variations of Pagurixus nomurai Komai & Asakura, 1995 are also discussed. The present specimens of Catapaguroides foresti McLaughlin, 2002, C. longior, and Pylopaguropsis granulata suggest that the three species prefer the sandy or silty substrate in the deeper inner sites of submarine caves rather than other cryptic habitats in coral or rocky reefs.

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Mohad, Shubham D., Vikram Singh, Shruti George, and Himali Gupta. "Agronomic Evaluation of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Hybrids under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Prayagraj, India." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (July 10, 2023): 732–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92294.

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A field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.). The experimental site is situated at coordinates 25024' 42" N latitude, 810 50' 56" E longitude, and an altitude of 98 meters above mean sea level. It is located on the right side of the Yamuna River, alongside Prayagraj Rewa Road, approximately 5 km away from Prayagraj city. The soil in the experimental plot was sandy loam in texture with a nearly neutral pH of 7.1. The soil analysis revealed the following nutrient levels: organic carbon (0.75%), available nitrogen (269.96 kg/ha), available phosphorus (33.10 kg/ha), and available potassium (336 kg/ha). The experiment followed a Randomized Block Design, with 10 different hybrids, each replicated three times. Among the hybrids tested, hybrid R-305 exhibited significantly higher values for various parameters, including maximum plant height (110.43 cm), plant dry weight (49.45 g/plant), tillers per square meter (366.23), panicle length (29.73 cm), filled grains (250.87), grain yield per hill (31.37 g) and grain yield per hectare (5.52 t), as well as straw yield (10.51 t/ha). However, hybrid R-400 had the highest number of tillers (14.89), while R-311 showed the highest crop growth rate (32.63 g/m2/day). Hybrid R-405 exhibited a higher test weight (25.87 g), R-410 had more unfilled grains (52.36), and R-458 had a longer duration to 50% flowering (52.39) and maturity (87.67). In terms of economic considerations, hybrid R-305 recorded the maximum gross returns (₹ 130,890.40/ha), net returns (₹ 81,844.00/ha), and a B:C ratio of 1.67, indicating its superior profitability compared to other hybrids.

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Khanday, Dr Muzaffer Ahmad, Sudhir Kumar, and Mubina Jan. "Re-assessment of excavated site, Rakhigari in Haryana." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 1043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40796.

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Abstract: Haryana is also one of the wealthier states of India and had been second highest per capital in come in the country at 138,859 in the year 2011-2012 and in the year 2012-2013 including the largest number of rural crorepatis mainly Ahirs and jats in India. Haryana is one of the most economically developed regions in the south Asia and its agriculture and manufacturing industry had experienced sustained growth since in 1970. Haryana is India’s largest manufacturer of passenger cars, twowheelers and tractors. Since 2000 the state has emerged as the largest recipient of investment per capita in India. The city of Gurgaon has rapidly emerged as a major hub for information technology and auto-mobile manufacture of two wheelers Faridabad, Panchkula, Dharuhara, Bawal, Sonipat, Panipat, Yamuna, Nagar and Rewari are also industrial hubs. With the Panipat refinery being the second largest refinery in south Asia, there are also long established steel, plywood, paper and textile industries in the state. Haryana was the outermost location of the ancient Indus valley civilization with the centers such as Banawali and Rakhigari, is now a village of Hisar district. The site is dated to be over 5000 years old. Evidence pried roads drainage system, large rain water collection storage system, terracotta brick. Statue production and skilled metal work (in both precious metals) has been covered. Excavation conduct of Rakhigari includes that the settlement witnessed all the phases of Harapan (3200-2700 BC) as well as mature Harappan (2700-1800 BC). The position of Rakhigari is a unique Harappan site which promises to reveal new civilizations by a thousand years or more said a latest publication of department of Archaeology and museums, authored by vardan. Keywords: Banawali Rakhigari Evidence Settlement Harppan Archaeology museuns

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Niskawati, Niskawati, Makmur Kambolong, and Nurjannah Nurjannah. "PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN PEMBELIAN MOTOR YAMAHA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA USAHA DAGANG (UD) MAJU KENDARI." Business UHO: Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis 1, no. 2 (November 10, 2016): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.52423/bujab.v1i2.9631.

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This study aims to determine the Quality of Service Purchase of Yamaha Motor has an effect on increasing customer satisfaction at UD Maju Kendari. The type of data used in this study is in the form of a questionnaire and an interview. The results of the analysis in this discussion are analyzed using inferential statistical analysis. Because the number of independent variables in this study is only one variable, namely Customer Satisfaction as the X variable and the dependent variable as the Y variable, then testing the relationship between variables is used Simple Correlation Analysis (Pearson Product Moment). Which has an Average of (4.44) which is categorized as "very high" while the Consumer Satisfaction Variable which has an Average Value (4.68) which is categorized as "very high" so that it can be said that the Influence of the Quality of Servants Given UD Forward Kendari Branch on Consumer Satisfaction has a Very High Impact.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kualitas Pelayanan Pembelian Motor Yamaha berpengaruh peningkatan kepuasan konsumen pada UD Maju Kendari. Jenis data yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa Koesioner dan Wawancara.Hasil analisis pada pembahasan ini adalah dianalisis dengan mennggunakan analisis statistik inferensial. Karena jumlah variable independen pada penelitian ini hanya satu variable, yaitu Kepuasan Konsumen sebagai variable X dan variabel dependen sebagai variable Y, maka pengujian hubungan antar variabel digunakan analisis Korelasi Sederhana (Pearson Product Moment). Yang Memiliki Rata-Rata yaitu (4,44) yang di kategorikan “sangat tinggi” sedangkan pada Variabel Kepuasan Konsumen Yang Memiliki Nilai Rata-Rata (4,68) yang di kategorikan “sangat tinggi” sehingga dapat Dikatakan Bahwa Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayan Yang Diberikan UD Maju Cabang Kendari atas Kepuasan Konsumen sangat Mempunyai Pengaruh Yang Tinggi.

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Kurovets, S. S., І. V. Artym, and Т. V. Zderka. "Approbation of the tectonophysical model of fracture estimation at the deposits of the inner zone of the Precarpathian Foredeep." Oil and Gas Power Engineering, no. 2(34) (December 29, 2020): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2020-2(34)-15-25.

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A promising method for assessing the fracturing of reservoir rocks is the analysis of their stress-strain state by mathematical modeling of tectonophysical processes in the sandy-silty flysch strata. Previous studies were aimed at substantiating the main approaches to tectonophysical modeling of sandy-silty strata in order to assess the fracturing of oil and gas promising deposits. However, the developed model of the symmetric anticline cannot be used in the conditions of the Intristic zone of the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep due to the complex forms of layers. The model was improved and tested at such well-known deposits of the Inner Zone of the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep as Starosambir and Pivdenno-Hvizdetsk. A corresponding model for an asymmetric anticline with different layer thickness of the reservoir rock of the Yamna formation of the Paleocene of the Starosambir deposit has been constructed. The simulation results showed, that the zone of increased fracturing is located within the crest of the anticline. This statement is proved by field studies of the core. Increased fracturing within the cut area was not detected. The upper layer of sandstone of the menilite formation of the South Hvizdetsk deposit almost completely belongs to the fractured, pore-fractured type of reservoir. The question arose as to whether it was possible to explain such an abnormally large area of increased fracturing by the developed model. To solve the problem, the boundary conditions for reproducing the real deformation of the sandstone formation were improved. According to the results, the area of increased fracturing almost completely covers the layer. Thus, the results of approbation of the tectonophysical model within deposits of the Inner Zone of the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep indicate that with the help of the developed model it is possible to research complex structures on tectonic fracturing.

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Alfayani, Venny, Darwis Harahap, and Rodame Monitorir Napitupulu. "Tingkat Kesadaran Generasi Milenial Bersedekah melalui Kitabisa.com." Journal of Islamic Social Finance Management 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/jisfim.v2i2.5019.

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ABSTRACT Based on a study conducted by IPSOS, it is said that one of the characteristics of millennials is that they care less about others. Millennials are described as only taking opportunities that benefit themselves. Tirto, a news and infographic site also conducted research aimed at knowing millennial habits in giving alms and revealing millennial views on the use of alms technology through Kitabisa.com. The type of research that the author does is quantitative research using primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are questionnaires and documentation. Sampling in this study using incidental sampling technique with a number of 93 people determined by using the Yamane Taro formula. The data analysis method used is the classical assumption test, the coefficient of determination test, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing. The results show that partially there is no influence of knowledge on the level of awareness of the millennial generation in giving alms through Kitabisa.com, while attitudes and actions have an influence. Meanwhile, the three of them simultaneously have an influence on the awareness level of the millennial generation through Kitabisa.com.Keywords : Awareness, Millennial, Kitabisa.comABSTRAKBerdasarkan studi yang dilakukan oleh Ipsos, dikatakan bahwa salah satu karakteristik milenial adalah kurang peduli terhadap sesama. Generasi milenial digambarkan hanya mengambil kesempatan yang menguntungkan dirinya. Tirto, sebuah situs berita dan infografik juga melakukan riset yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan milenial dalam bersedekah dan mengungkap pandangan milenial terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi bersedekah melalui Kitabisa.com. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) yaitu penelitian langsung dilakukan dilapangan atau pada responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik insidental sampling dengan jumlah 93 orang yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan rumus Yamane Taro. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, uji koefisien determinasi, uji regresilinier berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh pengetahuan terhadap tingkat kesadaran generasi milenial bersedekah melalui Kitabisa.com, sedangkan sikap dan tindakan memiliki pengaruh. Sementara itu, secara simultan ketiganya memiliki pengaruh terhadap tingkat kesadaran generasi milenial bersedekah melalui Kitabisa.com.Kata Kunci: Kesadaran, Milenial, Kitabisa.com

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Yakubovych, Mykhaylo. "Yamina Bouguenaya and Isra Yazicioglu, tr., annot., and intr., Living the Quran with Joy and Purpose: Selections on Tawhid from Said Nursi’s Epistles of Light." Journal of Qur'anic Studies 24, no. 3 (October 2022): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2022.0519.

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SATI, REBECCA, IDOMA KIM, and NNAJI COMFORT. "ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF COORPERATIVE SOCIETIES ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN GOMBE METROPOLIS, GOMBE STATE NIGERIA." BIMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2536-6041) 6, no. 01 (April 30, 2022): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56892/bimajst.v6i01.319.

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This study assessed the impact of cooperative societies on women empowerment in Gombemetropolis, Gombe Sate Nigeria. The study examined the socio-economic characteristics ofwomen cooperatives in Gombe metropolis, identifies the sources of income of the cooperativesocieties, assessed the impact of cooperative societies on women empowerment and investigatedthe challenges faced by the cooperative societies. Data was gathered from systematically selectedwomen based on Taro Yamene formula with error margin of 0.01 (10%) out of the 19 registeredand functional cooperatives in Gombe metropolis. Descriptive statistics were employed inanalyzing the data which found that the predominant sources of income of the cooperativesocieties was membership contributions (30%), 53% of the respondents said that they benefittedfrom the dividends shared by the cooperatives, which some used in acquiring landed propertiesand payment of children’s school fees (30% and 27%) respectively. Relationship between thesocio-economic characteristics of the cooperators as independent variables and participation incooperatives as dependent variable was tested using chi-square, the result shows that out ofseven independent variables, six were statistically significant. The study concluded that womencooperators have been moderately empowered economically to meet up with basic needs of thefamily. Therefore, the government and development organizations should enhance theeffectiveness of cooperative societies through sustained awareness campaign and financialsupport for sustainable development.Keywords: Assessment, Cooperative, Empowerment, societies, Women

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Surekha, O., P. Srikanth Babu, and A. Swaroopa. "Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Vipadika Hara Ghrita and Taila Prepared with Go Ksheera and Arka Ksheera in the Management of Vipadika Kushta: A Case Study." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 13, no. 8 (August 15, 2023): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v13i8.5932.

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Objective: In Ayurveda, majority of skin diseases are dealt under broader term Kushta. As per acharya Charaka, Vipadika kushta is classified under Kshudra kushta. This can be correlated with Palmo-plantar psoriasis, which mainly effects palms and soles of a person causing cracks associated with severe pain, itching, discolouration and burning sensation. In the present study, an effort is made to compare clinical efficacy of Vipadikahara ghrita and taila prepared using go ksheera and arka ksheera in two different batches for the treatment of Vipadika kushta. Intervention: Vipadikahara ghrita & taila is a yamaka preparation that is mentioned in both charaka samhitha and ashtanga hridaya kushta chikitsa adhyaya, in the context of vipadika kushta. In this formulation ksheera is one of the ingredients, where specific type of ksheera to be used is not specified in charaka samhitha. Whereas in ashtanga hridaya commentary by Kaviraj Athrideva Gupta, usage of arka ksheera is mentioned. As specific ksheera is not mentioned in Charaka samhitha, go ksheera is taken and its effect is compared with the arka ksheera. Vipadikahara Ghrita & taila is administered externally for 15 days and changes are noted. Results: Vipadikahara ghrita & taila prepared with go ksheera helped in reducing only pain, whereas that prepared with arka ksheera reduced pain, itching, discolouration and size of the lesion. Conclusion: Hence it can be said that arka ksheera is found to be more effective in the present case study. Keywords: Vipadika kushta, Vipadika hara ghrita & taila, Go ksheera, Arka ksheera, Palmo-plantar Psoriasis.

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Oscar, Akue, Samuel Dagogo, and Tobi Stanisslous. "Development Projects in Terms of Land Use on Converted Wetland Sites in Port Harcourt Municipality, Rivers State." International Journal of Natural Sciences 3, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijns.1748.

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Purpose: Urban expansion and growth is one of the basic characteristics of urbanisation process. This expansion has telling effects on available land space in urban areas. The continuing reduction in available land space has led to the encroachment on wetland areas and its subsequent development. This study was carried out in Port Harcourt Municipality Rivers State. The aim was to assess development projects in terms of land use on converted wetlands. Methodology: Purposive sampling technique was used to select four sites out of twenty four reclaimed sites identified within the study area.Three hundred and eighty (380) household heads from eight proximate communities to the four selected reclaimed sites was arrived at with the aid of Taro Yamane formulae and were interviewed using purposive sampling technique. The extent of wetland loss to physical development in the study area was ascertained by running a time series analysis using the Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Data on physical development projects presently sited on the reclaimed wetlands were identified and their coordinates collected using handheld Global Positioning System (GPS), a process known as ground truthing. The coordinates of the different development projects presently sited on reclaimed wetlands so collected were interfaced with Google earth images of the different locations using the place-mark device available on Google earth software. Findings: The study revealed that predominant land use in site A (Eastern Bypass) is industrial land use and a growing competing administrative land use; in site B (Borikiri Sand field), the predominant Landuse is residential with a growing competing commercial land use; In Site C (Eagle Island), the predominant land use is residential and in Site D (Ibeto), the predominant land use is residential with a growing commercial and industrial hubs. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study therefore recommends that reclaimed wetlands in the study area be properly plan and the different development projects earmarked for such site be fully implemented; Government should strictly enforce the land use control measures utilizing sub-division regulation, zoning ordinance, building and housing codes including site and service approach to ensure proper utilisation of reclaimed sites.

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Siregar, M. Tirtana, Munawar Munawar, Pandu Adi Cakranegara, and Hilmi Mufthia Nurhuda. "Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas Produksi Kabinet Piano Jenis Side Arm R/L Model Up Polyester Dengan Menggunakan Metode PDCA." Jurnal Media Teknik dan Sistem Industri 6, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.35194/jmtsi.v6i1.1731.

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This research aims to determine and analyze the quality control of the piano cabinet production type Side Arm R / L up polyester model in the Woodworking Department of the Cabinet Sides section of PT Yamaha Indonesia. The Side Arm R / L cabinet is the side part of the piano keyboard that serves to protect the piano keys so that they are stable when played. The problem occurs in product quality, especially on the Cabinet Side. In this study, the method used is the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) method with the Basic Seven Quality Tool as a tool. The PDCA method is used to solve the problem of the Cabinet Sides defect product. The data used in this final project is defect data for the Side Arm R / L cabinet during April 2019-March 2020. Based on the analysis, it is known that defects dominate 80% of the defects that occur, namely chipped, stretch (The results of the cabinet press are not meeting so that there is air going into the press). The main factors for the emergence of the three types of defects are the method, machine, and material aspects. Proposed improvements to address the causes of these defects include monitoring, recording, and evaluating errors in work methods and providing training for new operators and old operators who lack skills, schedule pre-operation inspections, and conduct assessment and maintenance of machines and tools work. As a result of the repair priority, the proportion of defects from May to June 2020 were all within the predetermined control limits, so it could be said that the process was under control. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganilisis pengendalian kualitas produksi kabinet piano jenis Side Arm R/L model up polyester pada Departemen Woodworking bagian Cabinet Side PT Yamaha Indonesia. Kabinet Side Arm R/L merupakan bagian sisi samping keyboard piano yang berfungsi untuk melindungi tuts keybord piano agar stabil ketika dimainkan. Permasalahan terjadi pada mutu produk, terutama pada bagian Cabinet Side. Dalam Penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) dengan alat bantu Basic Seven Quality Tool. Metode PDCA digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan defect product Cabinet Side. Data yang digunakan dalam Penelitian ini yaitu berupa data defect kabinet Side Arm R/L selama bulan April 2019-Maret 2020. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui 80% defect yang terjadi didominasi oleh jenis defect yakni gompal, reggang, uki (Hasil pres kabinet tidak rapat sehingga ada udara masuk kedalam pres-presan). Faktor utama munculnya ketiga jenis defect tersebut adalah faktor metode, mesin, dan material. Usulan perbaikan untuk mengatasi penyebab terjadinya defect tersebut diantaranya adalah melakukan pengawasan, pencatatan, dan evaluasi kesalahan metode kerja yang digunakan serta memberikan pelatihan untuk operator baru dan operator lama yang kurang memiliki skill, membuat jadwal pemeriksaan pra-operasi dan melakukan pemeriksaan serta perawatan mesin dan alat kerja. Hasil dari prioritas perbaikan, proporsi defect selama bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Juni 2020 seluruhnya berada dalam batas kendali yang telah ditetapkan, sehingga bisa dikatakan bahwa proses telah terkendali.

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Bolaji, David. "African Pianism: An Educator View." East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences 5, no. 1 (April 4, 2022): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajass.5.1.602.

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The quest for solving the impending challenge that hampers the performance of music students in playing pieces composed by African scholar in the African pianism style is one of the major concerns of most piano instructors that embraced the concept of African pianism. The identified difficulty stands as contributing factor downplaying the promotion of African identity via the use of the piano. Generally, this has stimulated lots of debates at different levels, which calls for urgent attention to reposition and promote African pianism. The thrust of this paper is not to re-sound the identified difficulty, but to investigate and propound applicable approaches that could be used as fundamental procedures for correcting the intricacy of this challenge. The Taro Yamane sample size theory was adopted. Questionnaire were administered to music students from two Universities in Nigeria used as case study, interviewing piano instructors from these institutions, interviewing Christian Onyeji, a prominent African pianism composer in Nigeria and Meki Nzewi, a renowned, personate and promoter of African music. The findings reveal that there is a big gap between the music students and their knowledge of their indigenous music and culture. Also, most music students do not have any prior theoretical nor practical knowledge of piano playing before coming to study music, and the ratio balancing of the choice of selected piano pieces given to the students is more of Western oriental pieces than African oriental pieces. However, the suggestive approachable measures to tackle the said problem include, route learning method which, should dominant the teaching method for pieces in African pianism style, African pianism pieces should be the dominant pieces to be given to students learning to play the piano in the departments of music in Nigeria. Composers should compose short pieces in the African pianism style/techniques and make them available for instructional materials. Nevertheless, the proposed suggestions in this study will serve as an eye opener to the need for redirecting and promoting the teaching and playing of African Pianism in the department of music in Nigeria.

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Patiung, Perawati, Marwati Abdul Malik, and Jaka Warsihna. "The Relationship Between Teachers’ ICT Abilities and Parental Guidance on Student Learning Motivation During The Covid-19 Pandemic in Batupapan." Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 1691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v6i2.4160.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between the teacher's ICT ability and parental tutoring on students' learning motivation at SDN Gugus Batupapan, Tana Toraja Regency. This research was conducted on teachers of highgrade students, namely grades 4.5 and 6 at SDN Gugus Batupapan. The population of high-class students at SDN Gugus Batupapan is 587 students. In this study, the Yamane or Slovin formula was used to determine the sample size for students, namely by using probability sampling technique with random sampling so that a total sample of 247 students was obtained. While the population of the number of teachers as many as 24 teachers. The method used in this study to see the causal relationship of an independent variable (X) to a certain variable (Y) is to use the ex-post facto research method with the type of correlation research. This study used two types of analysis, namely descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis on SPSS 24. Based on the statistical analysis of the teacher's ICT ability variable, the highest score was 105.00 and the lowest score was 74.00. The results of the analysis show that the mean is 88.3333, the median is 89.000, the mode is 89.00 and the standard deviation is 8.41152. Analysis of the variable data on parenting tutoring data obtained the highest score of 108.00 and the lowest score of 55.00. The results of the analysis show that the Mean is 83.8509, the Median is 83.00, the Mode is 75.00 and the Standard Deviation is 10.14893. Data analysis of students' learning motivation variables obtained the highest score of 111.00 and the lowest score of 55.00. The results of the analysis showed the Mean of 83.8138, the Median of 84,000, the Mode of 85.00 and the Standard Deviation of 11.96938. So it can be said that students' learning motivation is related to the ability of the teacher's ICT in terms of its application in the learning process. Parental tutoring is significantly related to the level of student learning motivation. Furthermore, the second variable, namely the ability of teachers' ICT and parental tutoring has a joint relationship with students' learning motivation.

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Otubor, Christopher, Sa’idu Abubakar, Ibraheem Idris, Blessing Philemon, Osaretin Imahiyereobo, and Okike Matthew. "NIGERIA CURRENCY REDESIGN AND ITS ANTICIPATED EFFECTS ON THE NATION’S SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT." International Journal of Advanced Studies in Economics and Public Sector Management 11, no. 1 (April 4, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijasepsm.v11.i1.01.

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Nigeria is one country that embarked on strategies to improve its financial policies and in the run, anticipated to grow the economy of the Nation. One of these policies was the recent 2022 redesign of the Nation’s currency in (₦200, ₦500, ₦1000 notes), launched on Wednesday, November 22, 2022. However, the small businesses in Nigeria viewed this policy with much mixed feelings, Reviewed literature was carried out. Small businesses developmental positions much more depended on the form of money in circulation, its acceptability, availability and how it was managed by the monetary authorities. The study adopted the descriptive survey design with a population of 2,850,900, adopted Yamane formula to arrive at a sample size of 400. Simple random sampling method was used for the selection of respondents with a distribution of 740 copies of questionnaire, self-administered and 620 responded and retrieved from small businesses. The source of data was primary. A five-point Likert-scale nature of questionnaire was adopted, validated by four distinguished lecturers. The method of data analysis was by linear regression. Findings showed that small businesses developmental planning would negatively be affected for they were not consulted for ideas at the initial point of conception of the process of currency redesign, during the redesign process and final launched of the currency hence small businesses were at serious risk of losing their developments’ planning initiative results. Also, small businesses would seriously lose their customers base astronomically having serious money exchange challenge with their individual and collective customers because of the very short period given by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for the fading out of the old currency designed to the new currency redesigned. In conclusion, it must be said that the Central Bank of Nigeria could have a better intention on the redesign of the currency. More so, the approach to its public engagements and public notifications were graced with mixed feelings. Recommended are that the Central Bank of Nigeria should quickly consult small businesses in all the processes on the redesign of the currency to help these small businesses in their developmental planning. Also, the Central Bank of Nigeria should give longer period for the fading out of the old currency designed to the new currency redesigned so that small businesses would not seriously lose their customers’ base astronomically.

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Kapil, Arun. "Algérie: le grand dérapage, by Abed Charef. 526 pages, biographies, glossary. La Tour-d’Aigues (Vaucluse): Editions de l’Aube, 1994. FF160 (Paper) ISBN 2-87678-196-4 - L’Algérie dans la tourmente, by Juan Goytisolo. Translated from Spanish by Mohamed Saad Eddine El Yamani. 101 pages. Strasbourg: La Nuée Bleue, 1994. Distributed by Stendhal Diffusion, 16 Rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 Paris. FF78 (Paper) ISBN 2-7165-0344-3." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 30, no. 1 (July 1996): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400033526.

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"STUDY OF SHEAR STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF YAMUNA SAND MIXED WITH POND ASH AND LIME." International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development 4, no. 07 (July 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.21090/ijaerd.50076.

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Shukla, V. K., Abhishek Kr Rai, A. Dwivedi, R. Kumar, and A. K. Rai. "A Quick Analysis of Various Elements (Heavy) in Sand Collected from the Topical River (Ganga and Yamuna) Using LIBS Coupled with Multivariate Technique." National Academy Science Letters, August 24, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40009-022-01163-1.

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Chandna, Priyanka. "DIVERSITY AND RESIDENTIAL STATUS OF WADER BIRDS AT HODAL IN PALWAL DISTRICT, IN HARYANA, INDIA." INDIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH, September 1, 2021, 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/2315406.

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Waders belonging to order Charadriiformes are commonly found along shorelines and mudats that wade in order to forage for food (such as insects or crustaceans) in the mud or sand. Bogs, marshes, mudats, shorelines, ponds, and ooded areas are all popular habitats for wading birds. The waders include storks, spoonbills, cranes, herons, egrets and ibises. They have certain physical and behavioural adaptations for living on or near water. Wading birds depend on water as a source of food, shelter, and nesting sites. Wading birds wade into shallow water to obtain food, instead of swimming and diving in water in search of feed that is not found on land. If we study the morphology of wading birds, they have lots of characteristics and adaptations that are useful in a watery habitat. Long legs of the wading birds help them to keep their feathers high and dry when wading into water in search of food. A long neck and a long bill are adaptations that make it possible to strike at prey while walking around on long legs. The benets of wading bird′s long, thin, spread-out toes are three-fold: toes help them to keep their balance and also help them to walk in mud without sinking. While walking in water and mushy mud, thin toes are easier to lift and set down. Spread-out toes also prevent them from sinking into soft mud in the water and at the water's edge, and above all those toes also disperse the weight of these big, tall birds, helping them keep their balance over their long legs. Waders are ecologically dependent on wetlands, as they provide good habitat to them for feeding, roosting, breeding, nesting, pre-migratory requirements, migration and protection from predators. So, wet lands plays an important part in the life cycle of wading birds. Wetlands have got highest capacity and are often extremely rich in bird and animal life. The present study aims at the assessment of diversity and residential status of wading birds in Yamuna basin near Hodal in Palwal District. It is located at 27°53′39″N and 77°22′09″E having an average elevation of 190 meters. Many ornithologists pay lots of their attention on eld study of birds during the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth century and till today many more are involved in the study of avian diversity near rivers. Avian fauna of Kalesar forests in immediate vicinity of River Yamuna in Yamuna-nagar District has been analysed by Kalsi (1998). Kulkarni et al.(2011) reported 151 species of birds from river Godavari; Balapureet al. (2012) reported 63 avian species from river Narmada. Other workers like Bahuguna(2008), Taketal.(2010), Gupta & Kaushik (2011), Gupta et.al(2012), Anupma et al (2014), Ankita et al (2019) have studied wetlands birds in various regions along the banks of rivers.

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Chandna, Priyanka. "DIVERSITY AND RESIDENTIAL STATUS OF WADER BIRDS AT HODAL IN PALWAL DISTRICT, IN HARYANA, INDIA." INDIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH, September 1, 2021, 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/2315406.

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Waders belonging to order Charadriiformes are commonly found along shorelines and mudats that wade in order to forage for food (such as insects or crustaceans) in the mud or sand. Bogs, marshes, mudats, shorelines, ponds, and ooded areas are all popular habitats for wading birds. The waders include storks, spoonbills, cranes, herons, egrets and ibises. They have certain physical and behavioural adaptations for living on or near water. Wading birds depend on water as a source of food, shelter, and nesting sites. Wading birds wade into shallow water to obtain food, instead of swimming and diving in water in search of feed that is not found on land. If we study the morphology of wading birds, they have lots of characteristics and adaptations that are useful in a watery habitat. Long legs of the wading birds help them to keep their feathers high and dry when wading into water in search of food. A long neck and a long bill are adaptations that make it possible to strike at prey while walking around on long legs. The benets of wading bird′s long, thin, spread-out toes are three-fold: toes help them to keep their balance and also help them to walk in mud without sinking. While walking in water and mushy mud, thin toes are easier to lift and set down. Spread-out toes also prevent them from sinking into soft mud in the water and at the water's edge, and above all those toes also disperse the weight of these big, tall birds, helping them keep their balance over their long legs. Waders are ecologically dependent on wetlands, as they provide good habitat to them for feeding, roosting, breeding, nesting, pre-migratory requirements, migration and protection from predators. So, wet lands plays an important part in the life cycle of wading birds. Wetlands have got highest capacity and are often extremely rich in bird and animal life. The present study aims at the assessment of diversity and residential status of wading birds in Yamuna basin near Hodal in Palwal District. It is located at 27°53′39″N and 77°22′09″E having an average elevation of 190 meters. Many ornithologists pay lots of their attention on eld study of birds during the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth century and till today many more are involved in the study of avian diversity near rivers. Avian fauna of Kalesar forests in immediate vicinity of River Yamuna in Yamuna-nagar District has been analysed by Kalsi (1998). Kulkarni et al.(2011) reported 151 species of birds from river Godavari; Balapureet al. (2012) reported 63 avian species from river Narmada. Other workers like Bahuguna(2008), Taketal.(2010), Gupta & Kaushik (2011), Gupta et.al(2012), Anupma et al (2014), Ankita et al (2019) have studied wetlands birds in various regions along the banks of rivers.

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Urfi, Abdul Jamil. "The Status of the Barheaded Goose in Delhi & the adjoing areas of Harayana & Western Uttar Pradesh." Journal of Ecological Society 10, no. 1 (April 1, 1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.54081/jes.010/04.

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This article examines the status of the Barheaded Goose in the Delhi region and neighbouring areas of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh, which are characterized by the presence of the Yamuna and Ganges rivers, resulting in the abundance of wetlands. The study is based on a limited dataset, drawing from prominent works and personal observations, while acknowledging the unavailability of extensive literature on wintering ducks. The Barheaded Goose is one of three goose species wintering in the region, commonly encountered in small to medium-sized flocks arriving in late winter. It is presumed to overwinter in the area. The goose favours large water bodies and riverside sand bars for roosting, primarily consuming a vegetarian diet comprising gram, tubers, wheat shoots, winter crops, and paddy stubbles. Recent sightings indicate a shift from wetland habitats to adjacent areas. Flock sizes vary, with reports of family parties, gaggles, and observations of flocks numbering up to 100 or more birds. The conservation status of the species hinges on its preference for grassy wetland banks and waterlogged fields, which are increasingly threatened by construction activities. The well-irrigated landscape of the region supports agriculture, potentially sustaining the geese. Although contemporary records do not indicate a drastic decline in Barheaded Goose numbers, their preferred habitats face severe disturbances due to construction, posing a threat to the species. Additionally, the region's susceptibility to poaching and culling, attributed to meat consumption and agricultural interference, might further impact the goose's population.

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"Box Type Minor Bridge- As a Sustainable Option Over Small Rivers in Alluvial Region." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 4943–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a2085.109119.

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Since time immemorial, mankind has been using various techniques to cross the rivers, streams or any depression without closing or obstructing the original flow through a structure called bridge. With the span of time and advancements in civil engineering, several types of bridges have come into existence like wooden, steel, masonry arches, RCC and prestressed concrete bridges. Indian Roads Congress categorizes three types of the bridges on the basis of length i.e. culverts up to 6.0 m, minor bridges above 6.0 m to maximum 60.0 m length and major bridges above 60.0 m. In present scenario, minor bridges over small rivers has become necessary for development and prosperity of nation as most of the roads have to cross small rivers at several places to connect remotest corner of the country. Bridges, though a man made structure, over a period of time become an important part of environment because in most of the cases water flowing below is used for drinking, irrigation and underground recharging. The alluvial region of India spread from Punjab to West Bengal has a peculiar nature because soil is almost soft in nature consisting of mainly sand, clay and silt which is fertile for vegetation. Water retention and its movement condition are high throughout the year. Several type of water bodies which exists in this type of region are pond, small drain, small and medium rivers which drains into the big rivers like Ganga, Yamuna, Ghahgra, Gomti and Sai etc. Since long time, road system on the earthen track and pucca road has been introduced for traffic like chart, chariot and motorised vehicle. There were little number of bridges over major rivers i.e. bridge alone to cross over the river Ganga except in few places like Allahabad, Kanpur and Varanasi and over the Ghaghra Algine bridge, Maghighat, Bhatni. Some bridges were constructed over small and medium rivers in medieval period by local rulers and business men which have now become obsolete. It is found that most of the bridges are of masonry arches wooden and trusses having insufficient water and carriage way. After independence, the road network system has been improved to meet out socio economic needs of people. The new bridges have been constructed with standard road width and sufficient water way. Study has been conducted for existing new constructed bridge system over small river and alluvial region of Uttar Pradesh to set guidance for future course of action in replacing and providing new bridges to optimize the needs of the people. Bridge system being provided over small & minor rivers for the road network for new and replacement of older bridge at different site is varying from place to place. For this purpose, study has been conducted for sustainable option of minor bridges over small rivers discharge upto 300 m3/s. It is found that the box type minor bridges are best option on small & minor rivers.

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SHESHU, MUTYALU, AMREEN HASAN, TARENCE THOMAS, ARUN ALFRED DAVID, AKSHITA BARTHWAL, and RAGHU NANDAN SINGH KHATANA. "NUTRIENT INDEXING OF OLSEN’S PHOSPHOROUS WITH RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INORGANIC FORMS OF PHOSPHOROUS IN THE ALLUVIAL SOILS." Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, September 5, 2022, 502–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/ajmbes.2022.v24i03.010.

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The phosphorous nutrient index value estimated in the soils along the Yamuna River in Prayagraj falls into the low to medium fertility class. The inorganic forms of phosphorous, namely aluminium bound phosphorous (Al-P), represented 2.15 percent of total-P, resulting in a relatively low proportion, while calcium bound phosphorous (Ca-P), comprised 31.57 percent of total-P. The correlation coefficient (r) between Olsen P and forms of phosphorous saloid P (S-P) was extremely high among all (r = 0.979*) and occluded bound-P (Occl-P) was significantly associated among the inorganic forms (r = 0.767*). This suggests that Occl-P has a significant contribution to the available phosphorous, it is said to be that from the forms of phosphorous Saloid P and Organic P values should be raised and it is recommended that soils with low content of phosphorous are advised to apply organic manures and supplemented by applying of phosphorous fertilizers in the specified crop to increase the levels of P in the soil.

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Rawat, Vinay, Ajendra Singh Bagri, Hardeep Singh, Prabhawati Tiwari, and Jay Krishan Tiwari. "Altitudinal Variation in Soil physico-chemical properties of a Western Himalayan Forest , Uttarakhand, India." Journal of Mountain Research 16, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.51220/jmr.v16i3.12.

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The physico-chemical properties of soil vary with the variation in the topographic features, climatic conditions and forest types. In any forest ecosystem, both vegetation and soil influence each other through nutrient cycles. The altitudinal variation in soil physico-chemical properties was analyzed in a temperate forest (Radi forest) of Upper Yamuna Forest Division in Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya, India). A total of three forest sites were selected at different altitudes (the lower, middle, and upper) to collect composite soil samples from each site covering 0–10 cm, 11–20 cm and 21–30 cm depths. The textural class of the soils was sandy loam. The colour of the soil samples varied from brown to very dark brown. The water holding capacity (r = 0.994), soil organic carbon (r = 0.967), organic matter (r = 0.966), nitrogen (r = 0.993), phosphorus (r = 0.982) and potassium content (r = 0.994) had positive correlation with altitude whereas negative correlation was observed between altitude and soil pH (r = -0.983) in the study. The present study concludes that soil physico-chemical properties in temperate forests of Uttarakhand Himalaya vary significantly with variation in altitude.

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Agasi, Andre, and S. Sumijan. "Identifikasi Gejala Kerusakan Motor Matic Tipe Lexi Merk Yamaha dengan Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining." Jurnal Sistim Informasi dan Teknologi, December 31, 2020, 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37034/jsisfotek.v2i4.35.

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The Motorcycle Industry Association (AISI) announced that automatic motorcycle sales data has increased. The high use of automatic motorbikes at this time is not accompanied by the ability to repair damage to motorbikes by users. due to lack of information on how to maintain motorbikes, negligence in monthly service, and delaying repairs that should have been done but were postponed until they were seriously damaged. The expert system is an alternative to help mechanics and motorbike users to consult early symptoms of motor damage. Developing the Expert System application provides an overview of motor matic damage. The data comes from interviews with mechanics and data on the types of problems given by experts. After data collection, analysis and problem solving were carried out using the Forward Chaining method with the preparation of rules or rules. The results of the rule formulation are implemented into a system that aims to determine the extent to which the PHP programming language is applied in identifying damage to motorbike matic lexi. Followed by testing the results so that the results of the process carried out with the help of the application match the results of the process carried out manually. The results of the application are that it can provide early symptom clues to the lexi matic motor damage. The application of the Forward Chaining method is applied to systems that have an accuracy level of up to 80%, therefore the system can be said to be good enough to be implemented.

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Fujita, Claudia, M. Shahbaz Akhtar, Ray Hidaka, and Makoto Nishigaki. "Mitigation of groundwater iron-induced clogging by low-cost bioadsorbent in open loop geothermal heat pump systems." Applied Water Science 12, no. 3 (February 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-022-01574-x.

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AbstractGreen energy production from natural resources can reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants from burning of fossil fuels in power plants. Recently, groundwater geothermal energy (GGE) is harnessed by deploying closed- and open-loop heat systems. In open-loop geothermal heat pump systems (OLGHPS), groundwater is reinjected into aquifer after harnessing GGE. Nevertheless, OLGHPS face noxious clogging issue because of elusive chemistry (corrosion or precipitation) of chemical species, principally of iron (Fe), in pipes and aquifers during reinjection process via oxidation reactions. Plethora of filtering materials are available for removal of ions, but these are quite expensive and environmentally unsafe. More recently, low-cost, eco-friendly, green filtering materials gain much interest. These materials can remove ions from groundwater that can minimize clogging in heat exchange systems, injection wells, and aquifer. In the present study, three filtering materials, i.e., wooden charcoal (biomaterial), yamazuna fine sand, and volcanic ash, were tested to estimate their Fe removal capacity. In upward flow mode with minimum oxygen-water contact, serial column (each with 6 ports) experiments were conducted under constant pressure head and constant velocity conditions. Columns were connected to well water having dissolved Fe concentration of 10.85 mg L−1. Sampling was done at the well, column inlets, column’s six sampling ports and column outlets, and samples were analyzed for Fe by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Related tested parameters include pH, EC, temperature, turbidity, porosity, particle diameter, and dissolved oxygen. Volcanic ash showed less Fe removal, while sand filter showed substantial reduction in velocity. Biomaterial (wooden charcoal) displayed higher Fe adsorption capacity compared to other materials that can be ascribed to its surface chemistry and functional groups. Under different flow rates, maximum Fe content of 3.5 g Fe kg−1 dry charcoal was obtained. By considering a safety factor and influence of groundwater composition, it is possible to design a biomaterial-based iron filter system to minimize Fe-induced chemical clogging in OLGHPS which is an eco-friendly, green energy source.

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Ansori, Putra Budi. "PENGARUH HARGA DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN PADA BENGKEL MOTOR MAKMUR PEKANBARU." Eqien - Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 11, no. 04 (December 27, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.34308/eqien.v11i04.1294.

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This research was conducted at Makmur Motor Workshops in 2022. This study aims to determine: The effect of Price and Service Quality on customer loyalty at Makmur Motor Workshops. The population in this study are all customers in 2021, totaling 247 customers. Thus the number of samples is rounded up to 71 consumers, after being calculated by the Taro Yamane formula. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling. The results of the analysis are formulated multiple linear regression equations with the equation Y = 5.868 + 0.335X1 + 0.450X2. This shows the value of a (constan) is 5.868, meaning that without the Price (X1) and Service Quality (X2) variables or having a zero value, Customer Loyalty (Y) is worth 5.838. Based on the results of the significant test (t) with the help of SPSS, the partial test results obtained, it can be said that the price and service quality variables partially affect customer loyalty positively and significantly. From the results of the F test it is known that simultaneously the price and service quality variables affect customer loyalty Makmur Motor Workshop Pekanbaru. Furthermore, the value of Adjusted R Square is 0.488. This value can be interpreted that changes in customer loyalty values are influenced by changes in the value of the independent variable price and service quality by 48.8% while 51.2% is determined by other variables that are not in this research model.

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Abrahim, Naíza Menezes Medeiros, Gesom Avohai Dias Sombra, Jardel dos Santos Silva, André Luiz Carvalho Barreiros, Jeconias Câmara, and Luciana Botinelly Mendonça Fujimoto. "Lipoma intraoral atípico: relato de caso." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 3 (August 25, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i3.4762.

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Os lipomas são tumores de tecido mole que raramente acometem a cavidade oral. A lesão apresenta variáveis clínicas e histopatológicas que não alteram seu prognóstico. Apesar de suas características comuns, a lesão pode estabelecer diagnóstico diferencial com outras lesões de tecido mole. O objetivo desse artigo é relatar a apresentação clínica não usual de um lipoma localizado em mucosa jugal com 3cm em sua maior extensão, em paciente do sexo masculino com 56 anos de idade. O plano de tratamento foi a biópsia excisional com excelente prognóstico.Descritores: Boca; Lipoma; Neoplasia Bucais.ReferênciasJuliasse LE, Nonaka CF, Pinto LP, Freitas Rde A, Miguel MC. Lipomas of the oral cavity: clinical and histopathologic study of 41 cases in a Brazilian population. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;267(3):459-65.Naruse T, Yanamoto S, Yamada S, Rokutanda S, Kawakita A, Takahashi H et al. Lipomas of the oral cavity: clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 24 cases and review of the literature. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015;67(Suppl 1):67-73.Manor E, Sion-Vardy N, Joshua BZ, Bodner L. Oral lipoma: analysis of 58 new cases and review of the literature. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2011;15(4):257-61.Avelar LR, Carvalho RWF, Falcão PGCB, Antunes AA, Andrade ESS et al. Lipomas da Região Oral e Maxilofacial: Estudo Retrospectivo de 16 Anos no Brasil. Rev Port Estomatol Cir Maxilofac 2008;49(4):207-11.Said-Al-Naief N, Zahurullah FR, Sciubba JJ. Oral spindle cell lipoma. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2001;5(4):207-15.Egido-Moreno S, Lozano-Porras AB, Mishra S, Allegue-Allegue M, Marí-Roig A, López-López J. Intraoral lipomas: Review of literature and report of two clinical cases. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016;8(5):e597-603. A RK, N PN, Y S, A VK, D KK. Intraoral lipoma: a rare case report and review of literature. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(12):3090-91.Raj M, Ramadoss T, Anuradha G, Devi S. Intraoral lipoma: review of literature and case report. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol. 2012; 24(1):36-38Carvalho MF, Junqueira TP, Souza RR, Capistrano HM, Chaves MGAM.The importance of early diagnosis of large lipomas in the maxillofacial region. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2011;48(1):77-83Noro Filho GA, Caputo BV, Santos CC, Souza RS, Giovani EM, Scabar LF et al. Diagnosis and treatment of intraoral lipoma: a case report. J Health Sci Inst. 2010;28(2):129-31.

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Broady, Timothy. "Resilience across the Continuum of Care." M/C Journal 16, no. 5 (August 28, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.698.

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Who Are Carers? A carer is any individual who provides unpaid care and support to a family member or friend who has a disability, mental illness, drug and/or alcohol dependency, chronic condition, terminal illness or who is frail. Carers come from all walks of life, cultural backgrounds and age groups. For many, caring is a 24 hour-a-day job with emotional, physical and financial impacts, with implications for their participation in employment, education and community activities. Carers exist in all communities, including amongst Aboriginal communities, those of culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, amongst Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex communities, and throughout metropolitan, regional and rural areas (Carers NSW). These broad characteristics mean that caring occurs across a wide variety of situations and care responsibilities can impact an even wider group of people. The ubiquitous nature of informal care warrants its consideration as a major social issue, as well as the potential impacts that these roles can have on carers in both short and long term contexts. Caring for a loved one is often an unseen component of people’s domestic lives. As will be outlined below, the potentially burdensome nature of care can have negative influences on carers’ wellbeing. As such, factors that can enhance the resilience of carers in the face of such adversity have been widely investigated. This being said, individual differences exist in carers’ responses to their caring responsibilities. The caring experience can therefore be argued to exist on a continuum, from the adversity in relation to stressful challenges through to prosperity in light of their caring responsibilities. By considering the experience of care as existing along this continuum, the place of resilience within people’s domestic spaces can be viewed as a mechanism towards identifying and developing supportive practices. Negative Impacts of Care A significant body of research has identified potential negative impacts of caring. Many of the most commonly cited outcomes relate to negative effects on mental health and/or psychological functioning, including stress, anxiety and depression (e.g. Baker et al.; Barlow, Cullen-Powell and Cheshire; Cheshire, Barlow and Powell; Dunn et al.; Gallagher et al.; Hastings et al.; Lach et al.; Singer; Sörensen et al.; Vitaliano, Zhang and Scanlan; Whittingham et al.; Yamada et al.). These feelings can be exacerbated when caring responsibilities become relentlessly time consuming, as demonstrated by this comment from a carer of a person with dementia: “I can’t get away from it” (O'Dwyer, Moyle and van Wyk 758). Similarly, emotional responses such as sorrow, grief, anger, frustration, and guilt can result from caring for a loved one (Heiman; Whittingham et al.). Negative emotional responses are not necessarily a direct result of caring responsibilities as such, but an understanding of the challenges faced by the person requiring their care. The following quote from the carer of a child with autism exemplifies the experience of sorrow: “It was actually the worst day of our lives, that was the day we came to terms with the fact that we had this problem” (Midence and O’Neill 280). Alongside these psychological and emotional outcomes, physical health may also be negatively impacted due to certain demands of the caring role (Lach et al.; Sörensen et al.; Vitaliano, Zhang and Scanlan). Outcomes such as these are likely to vary across individual caring circumstances, dictated by variables such as the specific tasks required of the carer, and individual personality characteristics of both the carer and the person for whom they care. Nevertheless, an awareness of these potential outcomes is particularly important when considering the place of resilience in the domestic space of individuals caring for a loved one. This conceptualisation of caring as being a burdensome task reflects many publicly held perceptions. If caring is widely viewed as compromising carers’ wellbeing, then there is likely to be an increased likelihood of carers viewing themselves as victims. This is particularly true amongst children and adolescents with caring responsibilities, since young people are most susceptible to having their personal identities shaped by others’ perceptions (Andreouli, Skovdal and Campbell). Resilience in Caring Adversity Despite the widely acknowledged potential for caring to have negative consequences for carers, it must be noted that the occurrence of these outcomes are not inevitable. In fact, much of the research that has identified increased stress amongst carers also finds that the majority cope well with the demands of their role (Barnett et al.). These carers have been considered by many researchers to demonstrate resilience (e.g. Barnett et al.; O'Dwyer, Moyle and van Wyk). The ability to respond positively despite exposure to risk or adversity is a key feature of most definitions of resilience (Luthar, Cicchetti and Becker; Masten and Obradović; Zauszniewski, Bekhet and Suresky). Resilience in this context can thus be defined as a psychological process that facilitates healthy functioning in response to intense life stressors (Johnson et al.). Since caring experiences are likely to continue for an extended period of time, resilience is likely to be necessary on an ongoing basis, rather than in response to a single traumatic event. A resilient carer is therefore one who is able to effectively and adaptively cope with extenuating pressures of caring for a loved one. This involves the presence of personal, social, familial, or institutional protective factors that enable carers to resist stress (Kaplan et al.). For example, support from health professionals, family, or community has been found to effectively support carers in coping with their role (Bekhet, Johnson and Zauszniewski; Gardiner and Iarocci; Heiman; Whittingham et al.). The benefit of support networks in assisting carers to cope in their role is widely reported in the associated research, reinforced by many examples such as the following from a carer of a person with dementia: “It’s a social thing, like, I’ve got friends on there… I find that is my escape” (O'Dwyer, Moyle and van Wyk 758). At an individual level, those who demonstrate resilient in the face of adversity demonstrate optimistic or hopeful outlooks (Ekas, Lickenbrock and Whitman; Lloyd and Hastings; Whittingham et al.), while simultaneously holding realistic expectations of the future (Rasmussen et al.; Wrosch, Miller, et al.; Wrosch, Scheier, et al.). Such attitudes are particularly significant amongst people caring for family members or friends with disabilities or illnesses. The following attitude held by a carer of a child with cerebral palsy exemplifies this optimistic outlook: “I look at the glass half full and say that “well, it’s only his walking, everything else is fine”. “So, get over [it] and deal with it” (Whittingham et al. 1451). Those who cognitively process information, rather than reacting in a highly emotion way have also been found to cope better (Bekhet, Johnson and Zauszniewski; Heiman; Monin et al.; Pennebaker, Mayne and Francis), as have those with a greater sense of self-efficacy or an internal locus of control (Bekhet, Johnson and Zauszniewski; Kuhn and Carter). However effective these coping strategies prove to be, this is unlikely to provide the full picture of caring experiences, or the place of resilience within that space. Associating resilience with adversity presumes a consensus on what constitutes adversity. Taking the typical approach to investigating resilience amongst carers risks making undue assumptions of the nature of individual carers’ experiences – namely, that caring equates to adversity. The following paragraphs will outline how this is not necessarily the case. And furthermore, that the concept of resilience still has a place in considering informal caring, regardless of whether adversity is considered to be present. Benefits of Care While a great deal of evidence suggests that caring for a loved one can be a stressful experience, research has also demonstrated the existence of positive impacts of care. In many instances, carers not only cope, but also thrive in their caring roles (Turnbull et al.). Elements such as positive relationships within caring relationships can both challenge and strengthen individuals – factors that only exist due to the specific nature of the individual caring role (Bayat; Heiman). Such positive elements of the caring experience have been reflected in the literature, illustrated by quotes such as: “In some sense, this makes our family closer” (Bayat 709). Rather than viewing carers from a perspective of victimisation (which is particularly prominent in relation to children and young people with caring responsibilities), recognising the prevalence of positive wellbeing within this population provides a more nuanced understanding of the lived experiences of all carers (Aldridge). Reported benefits of caring tend to revolve around personal relationships, particularly in reference to parents caring for their children with special needs. Reflective of the parental relationship, carers of children with disabilities or chronic illnesses generally report feelings of love, joy, optimism, strength, enjoyment, and satisfaction with their role (Barnett et al.; Heiman). The views of such carers do not reflect an attitude of coping with adversity, but rather a perspective that considers their children to be positive contributors to carers’ quality of life and the wellbeing of the wider family (King et al.). This point of view suggests an additional dimension to resilience; in particular, that resilience in the relative absence of risk factors, can cause carers to flourish within their caring role and relationships. In addition to benefits in relationships, carers may also prosper through their own personal growth and development in the course of their caring (Knight). This includes factors such as the development of life skills, maturity, purpose, social skills, a sense of responsibility, and recognition – particularly amongst young people in caring roles (Earley, Cushway and Cassidy; Early, Cushway and Cassidy; Jurkovic, Thirkield and Morrell; Skovdal and Andreouli; Stein, Rotheram-Borus and Lester; Tompkins). Recognition of the potential personal benefits of caring for a loved one is not intended to suggest that the view of carers coping with adversity is universally applicable. While it is likely that individual caring situations will have an impact on the extent to which a carer faces adversity (e.g. intensity of caring responsibilities, severity of loved one’s impairment, etc.), it is important to recognise the benefits that carers can experience alongside any challenges they may face. Circumstances that appear adversarial may not be thought of as such by those within that context. Defining resilience as an ability to cope with adversity therefore will not apply to such contexts. Rather, the concept of resilience needs to incorporate those who not only cope, but also prosper. Carers who do not perceive their role as burdensome, but identify positive outcomes, can therefore be said to demonstrate resilience though contextually different from those coping with adversity. This is not to suggest that resilience is the sole contributing factor in terms of prospering in the caring role. We must also consider individual circumstances and nuances differ between carers, those they care for, interpersonal relationships, and wider caring situations. Continuum of Care Awareness of the range of impacts that caring can have on carers leads to a recognition of the broad spectrum of experience that this role entails. Not only do caring experiences exhibit large variations in terms of practical issues (such as functional capacities, or type and severity of illness, disability, or condition), they include carers’ diverse personal responses to caring responsibilities. These responses can reflect either positive or negative dimensions, or a combination of both (Faso, Neal-Beevers and Carlson). In this way, caring experiences can be conceptualised as existing along a continuum. At one end of the spectrum, experiences align with the traditional view of caring as a struggle with and over adversity. More specifically, carers experience burdens as a result of their additional caring responsibilities, with negative outcomes likely to occur. At the other end of the spectrum, however, carers prosper in the role, experiencing significant personal benefits that would not have been possible without the caring role. This continuum makes a case for an expanded approach to stress and coping models of resilience to include positive concepts and a benefit-orientated perspective (Cassidy and Giles). In contrast to research that has argued for a progression from stress and coping models to strengths-based approaches (e.g. Glidden, Billings and Jobe; Knight), the continuum of care acknowledges the benefits of each of these theoretical positions, and thus may prove more comprehensive in attempting to understand the everyday lived experiences of carers. The framework provided by a representation of a continuum allows for the individual differences in caring situations and carers’ personal responses to be acknowledged, as well as accounting for any changes in these circumstances. Further, the experience and benefits of resilience in different contextual spheres can be identified. The flexibility afforded by such an approach is particularly important in light of individual differences in the ways carers respond to their situations, their changing caring contexts, and their subsequent individual needs (Monin et al.; Walsh; Whittingham et al.). As the caring experience can be dynamic and fluctuate in both directions along the continuum, resilience may be seen as the mechanism by which such movement occurs. In line with stress and coping models, resilience can assist carers to cope with adversarial circumstances at that end of the continuum. Similarly, it may be argued that those who prosper in their caring role exhibit characteristics of resilience. In other words, it is resilience that enables carers to cope with adversity at one end of the continuum and also to prosper at the other. Furthermore, by supporting the development of resilient characteristics, carers may be assisted in shifting their experiences along the continuum, from adversity to prosperity. This view extends upon traditional approaches reported in the stress and coping literature by contending that caring experiences may progress beyond positions of coping with adversity, to a position where caring is not understood in terms of adversity at all, but rather in terms of benefits. The individual circumstances of any carer must be taken into consideration with this framework of resilience and the continuum of care. It is unrealistic to assume that all caring situations will allow for the possibility of reaching the end point of this continuum. Carers with particularly high demands in terms of time, resources, effort, or energy may not reach a stage where they no longer consider their caring role to involve any personal burden. However, the combination of a coping and strengths-based approach suggests that there is always the possibility of moving away from perceptions of adversity and further towards an attitude of prosperity. Implications for Supportive Practice From the perspective of this continuum of care, the protective factors and coping strategies identified in previous literature provide a valuable starting point for the facilitation of resilience amongst carers. Enhancing factors such as these can assist carers to move from situations of adversity towards experiences of prosperity (Benzies and Mychasiuk). Research has suggested that carers who are less analytical in their thinking and less optimistic about their personal situations may find particular benefit from support systems that assist them in redirecting their attention towards positive aspects of their daily lives, such as the benefits of caring outlined earlier (Monin et al.). The principle of focusing on positive experiences and reframing negative thoughts is thought to benefit carers across all levels of functioning and adaptive experience (Monin et al.). While those entrenched in more burdensome mindsets are likely to experience the greatest benefit from supportive interventions, there is still merit in providing similar supports to carers who do not appear to experience the similar experiences of burden, or demonstrate greater resilience or adaptation to their situation. The dynamic view of caring situations and resilience suggested by a continuum of care incorporates benefits of stress and coping models as well as strengths-based approaches. This has implications for supportive practice in that the focus is not on determining whether or not a carer is resilient, but identifying the ways in which they already are resilient (Simon, Murphy and Smith). For carers who experience their role through a lens of adversity, resilience may need to be purposefully fostered in order to better enable them to cope and develop through the ongoing stresses of their role. For carers at the other end of the spectrum, resilience is likely to take on a substantially different meaning. Under these circumstances, caring for a loved one is not considered a burdensome task; rather, the positive impact of the role is pre-eminent. This point of view suggests that carers are resilient, not only in terms of an ability to thrive despite adversity, but in prospering to the extent that adversity is not considered to exist. The attitudes and approaches of services, support networks, and governments towards carers should remain flexible enough to acknowledge the wide variety of caring circumstances that exist. The continuum of care provides a framework through which certain aspects of caring and variations in resilience can be interpreted, as well as the type of support required by individual carers. Furthermore, it must be noted that caring circumstances can change – either gradually or suddenly – with the extent to which carers experience adversity, coping or prosperity also changing. Any attempts to provide support to carers or acknowledge their resilience should demonstrate an awareness of the potential for such fluctuation. The fundamental view that carers always have the potential to move towards more positive outcomes has the potential to reframe perceptions of carers as victims, or as simply coping, to one that embraces the personal strengths and resilience of the individual. As such, carers can be supported when faced with adversity, and to flourish beyond that position. This in turn has the potential to safeguard against any detrimental effects of adversity that may arise in the future. References Aldridge, Jo. "All Work and No Play? Understanding the Needs of Children with Caring Responsibilities." Children & Society 22.4 (2008): 253-264. Andreouli, Eleni, Morten Skovdal, and Catherine Campbell. "‘It Made Me Realise That I Am Lucky for What I Got’: British Young Carers Encountering the Realities of Their African Peers." Journal of Youth Studies (2013): 1-16. Baker, Bruce L., et al. "Behavior Problems and Parenting Stress in Families of Three-Year-Old Children with and without Developmental Delays." American Journal on Mental Retardation 107.6 (2002): 433-44. Barlow, J. H., L. A. Cullen-Powell, and A. Cheshire. "Psychological Well-Being among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy." Early Child Development and Care 176.3-4 (2006): 421-428. Barnett, Douglas, et al. "Building New Dreams: Supporting Parents' Adaptation to Their Child with Special Needs." Infants and Young Children 16.3 (2003): 184. Bayat, M. "Evidence of Resilience in Families of Children with Autism." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 51.9 (2007): 702-714. Bekhet, Abir K., Norah L. Johnson, and Jaclene A. Zauszniewski. "Resilience in Family Members of Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of the Literature." Issues in Mental Health Nursing 33.10 (2012): 650-656. Benzies, Karen, and Richelle Mychasiuk. "Fostering Family Resiliency: A Review of the Key Protective Factors." Child and Family Social Work 14 (2009): 103-114. Carers NSW. Carers NSW Strategic Directions 2012-2015. 2012. Cassidy, Tony, and Melanie Giles. "Further Exploration of the Young Carers Perceived Stress Scale: Identifying a Benefit-Finding Dimension." British Journal of Health Psychology 18.3 (2013): 642-655. Cheshire, Anna, Julie H. Barlow, and Lesley A. Powell. "The Psychosocial Well-Being of Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Comparison Study." Disability and Rehabilitation 32.20 (2010): 1673-1677. Dunn, Michael E., et al. "Moderators of Stress in Parents of Children with Autism." Community Mental Health Journal 37.1 (2001): 39-52. Earley, Louise, Delia Cushway, and Tony Cassidy. "Children's Perceptions and Experiences of Care Giving: A Focus Group Study." Counselling Psychology Quarterly 20.1 (2007): 69-80. Early, Louise, Delia Cushway, and Tony Cassidy. "Perceived Stress in Young Carers: Development of a Measure." Journal of Child and Family Studies 15.2 (2006): 165-176. Ekas, Naomi V., Diane M. Lickenbrock, and Thomas L. Whitman. "Optimism, Social Support, and Well-Being in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 40.10 (2010): 1274-1284. Faso, Daniel J., A. Rebecca Neal-Beevers, and Caryn L. Carlson. "Vicarious Futurity, Hope, and Well-Being in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 7.2 (2013): 288-297. Gallagher, Stephen, et al. "Predictors of Psychological Morbidity in Parents of Children with Intellectual Disabilities." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 33.10 (2008): 1129-1136. Gardiner, Emily, and Grace Iarocci. "Unhappy (and Happy) in Their Own Way: A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on Quality of Life for Families Living with Developmental Disability with and without Autism." Research in Developmental Disabilities 33.6 (2012): 2177-2192. Glidden, L. M., F. J. Billings, and B. M. Jobe. "Personality, Coping Style and Well-Being of Parents Rearing Children with Developmental Disabilities." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 50.12 (2006): 949-962. Hastings, Richard P., et al. "Coping Strategies in Mothers and Fathers of Preschool and School-Age Children with Autism." Autism 9.4 (2005): 377-91. Heiman, Tali. "Parents of Children with Disabilities: Resilience, Coping, and Future Expectations." Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 14.2 (2002): 159-171. Johnson, Douglas C., et al. "Development and Initial Validation of the Response to Stressful Experiences Scale." Military Medicine 176.2 (2011): 161-169. Jurkovic, GregoryJ, Alison Thirkield, and Richard Morrell. "Parentification of Adult Children of Divorce: A Multidimensional Analysis." Journal of Youth and Adolescence 30.2 (2001): 245-257. Kaplan, Carol P., et al. "Promoting Resilience Strategies: A Modified Consultation Model." Children & Schools 18.3 (1996): 158-168. King, G. A., et al. "A Qualitative Investigation of Changes in the Belief Systems of Families of Children with Autism or Down Syndrome." Child: Care, Health and Development 32.3 (2006): 353-369. Knight, Kathryn. "The Changing Face of the ‘Good Mother’: Trends in Research into Families with a Child with Intellectual Disability, and Some Concerns." Disability & Society 28.5 (2013): 660-673. Kuhn, Jennifer C., and Alice S. Carter. "Maternal Self-Efficacy and Associated Parenting Cognitions among Mothers of Children with Autism." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 76.4 (2006): 564-575. Lach, Lucyna M., et al. "The Health and Psychosocial Functioning of Caregivers of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders." Disability and Rehabilitation 31.8 (2009): 607-18. Lloyd, T. J., and R. Hastings. "Hope as a Psychological Resilience Factor in Mothers and Fathers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 53.12 (2009): 957-68. Luthar, Suniya S., Dante Cicchetti, and Bronwyn Becker. "The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work." Child Development 71.3 (2000): 543-62. Masten, Ann S., and Jelena Obradović. "Competence and Resilience in Development." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1094.1 (2006): 13-27. Midence, Kenny, and Meena O’Neill. "The Experience of Parents in the Diagnosis of Autism: A Pilot Study." Autism 3.3 (1999): 273-85. Monin, Joan K., et al. "Linguistic Markers of Emotion Regulation and Cardiovascular Reactivity among Older Caregiving Spouses." Psychology and Aging 27.4 (2012): 903-11. O'Dwyer, Siobhan, Wendy Moyle, and Sierra van Wyk. "Suicidal Ideation and Resilience in Family Carers of People with Dementia: A Pilot Qualitative Study." Aging & Mental Health 17.6 (2013): 753-60. Pennebaker, James W., Tracy J. Mayne, and Martha E. Francis. "Linguistic Predictors of Adaptive Bereavement." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72.4 (1997): 863-71. Rasmussen, Heather N., et al. "Self-Regulation Processes and Health: The Importance of Optimism and Goal Adjustment." Journal of Personality 74.6 (2006): 1721-48. Simon, Joan B., John J. Murphy, and Shelia M. Smith. "Understanding and Fostering Family Resilience." The Family Journal 13.4 (2005): 427-36. Singer, George H. S. "Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies of Depression in Mothers of Children with and without Developmental Disabilities." American Journal on Mental Retardation 111.3 (2006): 155-69. Skovdal, Morten, and Eleni Andreouli. "Using Identity and Recognition as a Framework to Understand and Promote the Resilience of Caregiving Children in Western Kenya." Journal of Social Policy 40.03 (2011): 613-30. Sörensen, Silvia, et al. "Dementia Care: Mental Health Effects, Intervention Strategies, and Clinical Implications." The Lancet Neurology 5.11 (2006): 961-73. Stein, Judith A., Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus, and Patricia Lester. "Impact of Parentification on Long-Term Outcomes among Children of Parents with Hiv/Aids." Family Process 46.3 (2007): 317-33. Tompkins, Tanya L. "Parentification and Maternal HIV Infection: Beneficial Role or Pathological Burden?" Journal of Child and Family Studies 16.1 (2007): 108-18. Turnbull, Ann P., et al. "Conceptualization and Measurement of Family Outcomes Associated with Families of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities." Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews 13.4 (2007): 346-56. Vitaliano, Peter P., Jianping Zhang, and James M. Scanlan. "Is Caregiving Hazardous to One's Physical Health? A Meta-Analysis." Psychological Bulletin 129.6 (2003): 946-72. Walsh, Froma. "Family Resilience: A Framework for Clinical Practice." Family Process 42.1 (2003): 1-18. Whittingham, Koa, et al. "Sorrow, Coping and Resiliency: Parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy Share Their Experiences." Disability and Rehabilitation 35.17 (2013): 1447-52. Wrosch, Carsten, et al. "Giving Up on Unattainable Goals: Benefits for Health?" Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33.2 (2007): 251-65. Wrosch, Carsten, et al. "The Importance of Goal Disengagement in Adaptive Self-Regulation: When Giving Up Is Beneficial." Self and Identity 2.1 (2003): 1-20. Yamada, Atsurou, et al. "Emotional Distress and Its Correlates among Parents of Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders." Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 61.6 (2007): 651-57. Zauszniewski, Jaclene A., Abir K. Bekhet, and M. J. Suresky. "Resilience in Family Members of Persons with Serious Mental Illness." Nursing Clinics of North America 45.4 (2010): 613-26.

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Chavdarov, Anatoliy V. "Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 Journal > Special Issue > Special Issue No. – 10, June, 2020 > Page 5 “Quantative Methods in Modern Science” organized by Academic Paper Ltd, Russia MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF THE GENUS GAGEA SALISB., GROWING IN THE EAST KAZAKHSTAN REGION Authors: Zhamal T. Igissinova,Almash A. Kitapbayeva,Anargul S. Sharipkhanova,Alexander L. Vorobyev,Svetlana F. Kolosova,Zhanat K. Idrisheva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00041 Abstract: Due to ecological preferences among species of the genus GageaSalisb, many plants are qualified as rare and/or endangered. Therefore, the problem of rational use of natural resources, in particular protection of early spring plant species is very important. However, literary sources analysis only reveals data on the biology of species of this genus. The present research,conducted in the spring of 2017-2019, focuses on anatomical and morphological features of two Altai species: Gagealutea and Gagea minima; these features were studied, clarified and confirmed by drawings and photographs. The anatomical structure of the stem and leaf blade was studied in detail. The obtained research results will prove useful for studies of medicinal raw materials and honey plants. The aforementioned species are similar in morphological features, yet G. minima issmaller in size, and its shoots appear earlier than those of other species Keywords: Flora,gageas,Altai species,vegetative organs., Refference: I. Atlas of areas and resources of medicinal plants of Kazakhstan.Almaty, 2008. II. Baitenov M.S. Flora of Kazakhstan.Almaty: Ġylym, 2001. III. DanilevichV. G. ThegenusGageaSalisb. of WesternTienShan. PhD Thesis, St. Petersburg,1996. IV. EgeubaevaR.A., GemedzhievaN.G. The current state of stocks of medicinal plants in some mountain ecosystems of Kazakhstan.Proceedings of the international scientific conference ‘”Results and prospects for the development of botanical science in Kazakhstan’, 2002. V. Kotukhov Yu.A. New species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae) from Southern Altai. Bot. Journal.1989;74(11). VI. KotukhovYu.A. ListofvascularplantsofKazakhstanAltai. Botan. Researches ofSiberiaandKazakhstan.2005;11. VII. KotukhovYu. The current state of populations of rare and endangered plants in Eastern Kazakhstan. Almaty: AST, 2009. VIII. Kotukhov Yu.A., DanilovaA.N., AnufrievaO.A. Synopsisoftheonions (AlliumL.) oftheKazakhstanAltai, Sauro-ManrakandtheZaisandepression. BotanicalstudiesofSiberiaandKazakhstan. 2011;17: 3-33. IX. Kotukhov, Yu.A., Baytulin, I.O. Rareandendangered, endemicandrelictelementsofthefloraofKazakhstanAltai. MaterialsoftheIntern. scientific-practical. conf. ‘Sustainablemanagementofprotectedareas’.Almaty: Ridder, 2010. X. Krasnoborov I.M. et al. The determinant of plants of the Republic of Altai. Novosibirsk: SB RAS, 2012. XI. Levichev I.G. On the species status of Gagea Rubicunda. Botanical Journal.1997;6:71-76. XII. Levichev I.G. A new species of the genus Gagea (Liliaceae). Botanical Journal. 2000;7: 186-189. XIII. Levichev I.G., Jangb Chang-gee, Seung Hwan Ohc, Lazkovd G.A.A new species of genus GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) from Kyrgyz Republic (Western Tian Shan, Chatkal Range, Sary-Chelek Nature Reserve). Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity.2019; 12: 341-343. XIV. Peterson A., Levichev I.G., Peterson J. Systematics of Gagea and Lloydia (Liliaceae) and infrageneric classification of Gagea based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution.2008; 46. XV. Peruzzi L., Peterson A., Tison J.-M., Peterson J. Phylogenetic relationships of GageaSalisb.(Liliaceae) in Italy, inferred from molecular and morphological data matrices. Plant Systematics and Evolution; 2008: 276. XVI. Rib R.D. Honey plants of Kazakhstan. Advertising Digest, 2013. XVII. Scherbakova L.I., Shirshikova N.A. Flora of medicinal plants in the vicinity of Ust-Kamenogorsk. Collection of materials of the scientific-practical conference ‘Unity of Education, Science and Innovation’. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2011. XVIII. syganovA.P. PrimrosesofEastKazakhstan. Ust-Kamenogorsk: EKSU, 2001. XIX. Tsyganov A.P. Flora and vegetation of the South Altai Tarbagatay. Berlin: LAP LAMBERT,2014. XX. Utyasheva, T.R., Berezovikov, N.N., Zinchenko, Yu.K. ProceedingsoftheMarkakolskStateNatureReserve. Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2009. XXI. Xinqi C, Turland NJ. Gagea. Flora of China.2000;24: 117-121. XXII. Zarrei M., Zarre S., Wilkin P., Rix E.M. Systematic revision of the genus GageaSalisb. (Liliaceae) in Iran.BotJourn Linn Soc.2007;154. XXIII. Zarrei M., Wilkin P., Ingroille M.J., Chase M.W. A revised infrageneric classification for GageaSalisb. (Tulipeae; Liliaceae): insights from DNA sequence and morphological data.Phytotaxa.2011:5. View | Download INFLUENCE OF SUCCESSION CROPPING ON ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF NO-TILL CROP ROTATIONS Authors: Victor K. Dridiger,Roman S. Stukalov,Rasul G. Gadzhiumarov,Anastasiya A. Voropaeva,Viktoriay A. Kolomytseva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00042 Abstract: This study was aimed at examining the influence of succession cropping on the economic efficiency of no-till field crop rotations on the black earth in the zone of unstable moistening of the Stavropol krai. A long-term stationary experiment was conducted to examine for the purpose nine field crop rotation patterns different in the number of fields (four to six), set of crops, and their succession in crop rotation. The respective shares of legumes, oilseeds, and cereals in the cropping pattern were 17 to 33, 17 to 40, and 50 to 67 %. It has been established that in case of no-till field crop cultivation the economic efficiency of plant production depends on the set of crops and their succession in rotation. The most economically efficient type of crop rotation is the soya-winter wheat-peas-winter wheat-sunflower-corn six-field rotation with two fields of legumes: in this rotation 1 ha of crop rotation area yields 3 850 grain units per ha at a grain unit prime cost of 5.46 roubles; the plant production output return and profitability were 20,888 roubles per ha and 113 %, respectively. The high production profitabilities provided by the soya-winter wheat-sunflower four-field and the soya-winter-wheat-sunflower-corn-winter wheat five-field crop rotation are 108.7 and 106.2 %, respectively. The inclusion of winter wheat in crop rotation for two years in a row reduces the second winter wheat crop yield by 80 to 100 %, which means a certain reduction in the grain unit harvesting rate to 3.48-3.57 thousands per ha of rotation area and cuts the production profitability down to 84.4-92.3 %. This is why, no-till cropping should not include winter wheat for a second time Keywords: No-till technology,crop rotation,predecessor,yield,return,profitability, Refference: I Badakhova G. Kh. and Knutas A. V., Stavropol Krai: Modern Climate Conditions [Stavropol’skiykray: sovremennyyeklimaticheskiyeusloviya]. Stavropol: SUE Krai Communication Networks, 2007. II Cherkasov G. N. and Akimenko A. S. Scientific Basis of Modernization of Crop Rotations and Formation of Their Systems according to the Specializations of Farms in the Central Chernozem Region [Osnovy moderniz atsiisevooborotoviformirovaniyaikh sistem v sootvetstvii so spetsi-alizatsiyeykhozyaystvTsentral’nogoChernozem’ya]. Zemledelie. 2017; 4: 3-5. III Decree 330 of July 6, 2017 the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia “On Approving Coefficients of Converting to Agricultural Crops to Grain Units [Ob utverzhdeniikoeffitsiyentovperevoda v zernovyyee dinitsysel’s kokhozyaystvennykhkul’tur]. IV Dridiger V. K., About Methods of Research of No-Till Technology [O metodikeissledovaniytekhnologii No-till]//Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC (Dostizheniyanaukiitekhniki APK). 2016; 30 (4): 30-32. V Dridiger V. K. and Gadzhiumarov R. G. Growth, Development, and Productivity of Soya Beans Cultivated On No-Till Technology in the Zone of Unstable Moistening of Stavropol Region [Rost, razvitiyeiproduktivnost’ soiprivozdelyvaniipotekhnologii No-till v zone ne-ustoychivog ouvlazhneniyaStavropol’skogokraya]//Oil Crops RTBVNIIMK (Maslichnyyekul’turyNTBVNIIMK). 2018; 3 (175): 52–57. VI Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Eroshenko F. V., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov, R. G., Effekt of No-till Technology on erosion resistance, the population of earthworms and humus content in soil (Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till naprotivoerozionnuyuustoychivost’, populyatsiyudozhdevykhcherveyisoderzhaniyegumusa v pochve)//Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2018; 9 (2): 766-770. VII Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V. et al., Reproduction of Soil Fertility, Productivity and Energy Efficiency of Crop Rotations [Vosproizvodstvoplodorodiyapochv, produktivnost’ ienergeticheskayaeffektivnost’ sevooborotov]. Zemledelie. 2019; 2: 3-7. VIII Kulintsev V. V., Dridiger V. K., Godunova E. I., Kovtun V. I., Zhukova M. P., Effekt of No-till Technology on The Available Moisture Content and Soil Density in The Crop Rotation [Vliyaniyetekhnologii No-till nasoderzhaniyedostupnoyvlagiiplotnost’ pochvy v sevoob-orote]// Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2017; 8 (6): 795-99. IX Kulintsev V. V., Godunova E. I., Zhelnakova L. I. et al., Next-Gen Agriculture System for Stavropol Krai: Monograph [SistemazemledeliyanovogopokoleniyaStavropol’skogokraya: Monogtafiya]. Stavropol: AGRUS Publishers, Stavropol State Agrarian University, 2013. X Lessiter Frank, 29 reasons why many growers are harvesting higher no-till yields in their fields than some university scientists find in research plots//No-till Farmer. 2015; 44 (2): 8. XI Rodionova O. A. Reproduction and Exchange-Distributive Relations in Farming Entities [Vosproizvodstvoiobmenno-raspredelitel’nyyeotnosheniya v sel’skokhozyaystvennykhorganizatsiyakh]//Economy, Labour, and Control in Agriculture (Ekonomika, trud, upravleniye v sel’skomkhozyaystve). 2010; 1 (2): 24-27. XII Sandu I. S., Svobodin V. A., Nechaev V. I., Kosolapova M. V., and Fedorenko V. F., Agricultural Production Efficiency: Recommended Practices [Effektivnost’ sel’skokhozyaystvennogoproizvodstva (metodicheskiyerekomendatsii)]. Moscow: Rosinforagrotech, 2013. XIII Sotchenko V. S. Modern Corn Cultivation Technologies [Sovremennayatekhnologiyavozdelyvaniya]. Moscow: Rosagrokhim, 2009. View | Download DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AUTONOMOUS PORTABLE SEISMOMETER DESIGNED FOR USE AT ULTRALOW TEMPERATURES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT Authors: Mikhail A. Abaturov,Yuriy V. Sirotinskiy, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00043 Abstract: This paper is concerned with solving one of the issues of the general problem of designing geophysical equipment for the natural climatic environment of the Arctic. The relevance of the topic has to do with an increased global interest in this region. The paper is aimed at considering the basic principles of developing and the procedure of testing seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. In this paper the indicated issue is considered through the example of a seismic module designed for petroleum and gas exploration by passive seismoacoustic methods. The seismic module is a direct-burial portable unit of around 5 kg in weight, designed to continuously measure and record microseismic triaxial orthogonal (ZNE) noise in a range from 0.1 to 45 Hz during several days in autonomous mode. The functional chart of designing the seismic module was considered, and concrete conclusions were made for choosing the necessary components to meet the ultralow-temperature operational requirements. The conclusions made served for developing appropriate seismic module. In this case, the components and tools used included a SAFT MP 176065 xc low-temperature lithium cell, industrial-spec electronic component parts, a Zhaofeng Geophysical ZF-4.5 Chinese primary electrodynamic seismic sensor, housing seal parts made of frost-resistant silicone materials, and finely dispersed silica gel used as water-retaining sorbent to avoid condensation in the housing. The paper also describes a procedure of low-temperature collation tests at the lab using a New Brunswick Scientific freezing plant. The test results proved the operability of the developed equipment at ultralow temperatures down to -55°C. In addition, tests were conducted at low microseismic noises in the actual Arctic environment. The possibility to detect signals in a range from 1 to 10 Hz at the level close to the NLNM limit (the Peterson model) has been confirmed, which allows monitoring and exploring petroleum and gas deposits by passive methods. As revealed by this study, the suggested approaches are efficient in developing high-precision mobile seismic instruments for use at ultralow climatic temperatures. The solution of the considered instrumentation and methodical issues is of great practical significance as a constituent of the generic problem of Arctic exploration. Keywords: Seismic instrumentation,microseismic monitoring,Peterson model,geological exploration,temperature ratings,cooling test, Refference: I. AD797: Ultralow Distortion, Ultralow Noise Op Amp, Analog Devices, Inc., Data Sheet (Rev. K). Analog Devices, Inc. URL: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD797.pdf(Date of access September 2, 2019). II. Agafonov, V. M., Egorov, I. V., and Shabalina, A. S. Operating Principles and Technical Characteristics of a Small-Sized Molecular–Electronic Seismic Sensor with Negative Feedback [Printsipyraboty I tekhnicheskiyekharakteristikimalogabaritnogomolekulyarno-elektronnogoseysmodatchika s otritsatel’noyobratnoysvyaz’yu]. SeysmicheskiyePribory (Seismic Instruments). 2014; 50 (1): 1–8. DOI: 10.3103/S0747923914010022. III. Antonovskaya, G., Konechnaya, Ya.,Kremenetskaya, E., Asming, V., Kvaema, T., Schweitzer, J., Ringdal, F. Enhanced Earthquake Monitoring in the European Arctic. Polar Science. 2015; 1 (9): 158-167. IV. Anthony, R. E., Aster, R. C., Wiens, D., Nyblade, Andr., Anandakrishnan, Sr., Huerta, Audr., Winberry, J. P., Wilson, T., and Rowe, Ch. The Seismic Noise Environment of Antarctica. Seismological Research Letters. 2015; 86(1): 89-100. DOI: 10.1785/0220150005 V. Brincker, R., Lago, T. L., Andersen, P., and Ventura, C. Improving the Classical Geophone Sensor Element by Digital Correction. In Conference Proceedings: IMAC-XXIII: A Conference & Exposition on Structural Dynamics Society for Experimental Mechanics, 2005. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242452637_Improving_the_Classical_Geophone_Sensor_Element_by_Digital_Correction(Date of access September 2, 2019). VI. Bylaw 164 of the State Committee for Construction of the Russian Federation “On adopting amendments to SNiP 31-01-99 “Construction climatology”. URL: https://base.garant.ru/2322381/(Date of access September 2, 2019). VII. Chao Xu, Junbo Wang, Deyong Chen, Jian Chen, Bowen Liu, Wenjie Qi, XichenZheng, Hua Wei, Guoqing Zhang. The Electrochemical Seismometer Based on a Novel Designed.Sensing Electrode for Undersea Exploration. 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems &Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS &EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. DOI: 10.1109/TRANSDUCERS.2019.8808450. VIII. Chebotareva, I. Ya. New algorithms of emission tomography for passive seismic monitoring of a producing hydrocarbon deposit: Part I. Algorithms of processing and numerical simulation [Novyye algoritmyemissionnoyto mografiidlyapassivnogoseysmicheskogomonitoringarazrabatyvayemykhmestorozhdeniyuglevodorodov. Chast’ I: Algoritmyobrabotki I chislennoyemodelirovaniye]. FizikaZemli. 2010; 46(3):187-98. DOI: 10.1134/S106935131003002X IX. Danilov, A. V. and Konechnaya, Ya. V. 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View | Download COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH FOOT PATHOLOGY WHO UNDERWENT WEIL OPEN OSTEOTOMY BY CLASSICAL METHOD AND WITHOUT STEOSYNTHESIS Authors: Yuriy V. Lartsev,Dmitrii A. Rasputin,Sergey D. Zuev-Ratnikov,Pavel V.Ryzhov,Dmitry S. Kudashev,Anton A. Bogdanov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00044 Abstract: The article considers the problem of surgical correction of the second metatarsal bone length. The article analyzes the results of treatment of patients with excess length of the second metatarsal bones that underwent osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis. The results of treatment of patients who underwent metatarsal shortening due to classical Weil-osteotomy with and without osteosynthesis were analyzed. The first group consisted of 34 patients. They underwent classical Weil osteotomy. The second group included 44 patients in whomosteotomy of the second metatarsal bone were not by the screw. When studying the results of the treatment in the immediate postoperative period, weeks 6, 12, slightly better results were observed in patients of the first group, while one year after surgical treatment the results in both groups were comparable. One year after surgical treatment, there were 2.9% (1 patient) of unsatisfactory results in the first group and 4.5% (2 patients) in the second group. Considering the comparability of the results of treatment in remote postoperative period, the choice of concrete method remains with the operating surgeon. Keywords: Flat feet,hallux valgus,corrective osteotomy,metatarsal bones, Refference: I. A novel modification of the Stainsby procedure: surgical technique and clinical outcome [Text] / E. Concannon, R. MacNiocaill, R. Flavin [et al.] // Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Dec., Vol. 20(4). – P. 262–267. II. Accurate determination of relative metatarsal protrusion with a small intermetatarsal angle: a novel simplified method [Text] / L. Osher, M.M. Blazer, S. Buck [et al.] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2014. – Sep.-Oct., Vol. 53(5). – P. 548–556. III. Argerakis, N.G. The radiographic effects of the scarf bunionectomy on rearfoot alignment [Text] / N.G. Argerakis, L.Jr. Weil, L.S. Sr. Weil // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Apr., Vol. 8(2). – P. 89–94. IV. Bauer, T. Percutaneous forefoot surgery [Text] / T. Bauer // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2014. – Feb., Vol. 100(1 Suppl.). – P. S191–S204. V. Biomechanical Evaluation of Custom Foot Orthoses for Hallux Valgus Deformity [Text] // J. Foot Ankle Surg. – 2015. – Sep.-Oct., Vol.54(5). – P. 852–855. VI. Chopra, S. Characterization of gait in female patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity [Text] / S. Chopra, K. Moerenhout, X. Crevoisier // Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon). – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 30(6). – P. 629–635. VII. Computer assisted planning and custom-made surgical guide for malunited pronation deformity after first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis in rheumatoid arthritis: a case report [Text] / M. Hirao, S. Ikemoto, H. Tsuboi [et al.] // Comput. Aided Surg. – 2014. – Vol. 19(1-3). – P. 13–19. VIII. Correlation between static radiographic measurements and intersegmental angular measurements during gait using a multisegment foot model [Text] / D.Y. Lee, S.G. Seo, E.J. Kim [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Jan., Vol.36(1). – P. 1–10. IX. Correlative study between length of first metatarsal and transfer metatarsalgia after osteotomy of first metatarsal [Text]: [Article in Chinese] / F.Q. Zhang, B.Y. Pei, S.T. Wei [et al.] // Zhonghua Yi XueZaZhi. – 2013. – Nov. 19, Vol. 93(43). – P. 3441–3444. X. Dave, M.H. Forefoot Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comparison of Shod and Unshod Populations [Text] / M.H. Dave, L.W. Mason, K. Hariharan // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 8(5). – P. 378–383. XI. Does arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint correct the intermetatarsal M1M2 angle? Analysis of a continuous series of 208 arthrodeses fixed with plates [Text] / F. Dalat, F. Cottalorda, M.H. Fessy [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6). – P. 709–714. XII. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution after percutaneous hallux valgus correction using the Reverdin-Isham osteotomy [Text]: [Article in Spanish] / G. Rodríguez-Reyes, E. López-Gavito, A.I. Pérez-Sanpablo [et al.] // Rev. Invest. Clin. – 2014. – Jul., Vol. 66, Suppl. 1. – P. S79-S84. XIII. Efficacy of Bilateral Simultaneous Hallux Valgus Correction Compared to Unilateral [Text] / A.V. Boychenko, L.N. Solomin, S.G. Parfeyev [et al.] // Foot Ankle Int. – 2015. – Nov., Vol. 36(11). – P. 1339–1343. XIV. Endolog technique for correction of hallux valgus: a prospective study of 30 patients with 4-year follow-up [Text] / C. Biz, M. Corradin, I. Petretta [et al.] // J. OrthopSurg Res. – 2015. – Jul. 2, № 10. – P. 102. XV. First metatarsal proximal opening wedge osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus deformity: comparison of straight versus oblique osteotomy [Text] / S.H. Han, E.H. Park, J. Jo [et al.] // Yonsei Med. J. – 2015. – May, Vol. 56(3). – P. 744–752. XVI. Long-term outcome of joint-preserving surgery by combination metatarsal osteotomies for shortening for forefoot deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis [Text] / H. Niki, T. Hirano, Y. Akiyama [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – Sep., Vol. 25(5). – P. 683–638. XVII. Maceira, E. Transfer metatarsalgia post hallux valgus surgery [Text] / E. Maceira, M. Monteagudo // Foot Ankle Clin. – 2014. – Jun., Vol. 19(2). – P.285–307. XVIII. Nielson, D.L. Absorbable fixation in forefoot surgery: a viable alternative to metallic hardware [Text] / D.L. Nielson, N.J. Young, C.M. Zelen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2013. – Jul., Vol. 30(3). – P. 283–293 XIX. Patient’s satisfaction after outpatient forefoot surgery: Study of 619 cases [Text] / A. Mouton, V. Le Strat, D. Medevielle [et al.] // Orthop. Traumatol. Surg. Res. – 2015. – Oct., Vol. 101(6 Suppl.). – P. S217–S220. XX. Preference of surgical procedure for the forefoot deformity in the rheumatoid arthritis patients–A prospective, randomized, internal controlled study [Text] / M. Tada, T. Koike, T. Okano [et al.] // Mod. Rheumatol. – 2015. – May., Vol. 25(3). – P.362–366. XXI. Redfern, D. Percutaneous Surgery of the Forefoot [Text] / D. Redfern, J. Vernois, B.P. Legré // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2015. – Jul., Vol. 32(3). – P. 291–332. XXII. Singh, D. Bullous pemphigoid after bilateral forefoot surgery [Text] / D. Singh, A. Swann // Foot Ankle Spec. – 2015. – Feb., Vol. 8(1). – P. 68–72. XXIII. Treatment of moderate hallux valgus by percutaneous, extra-articular reverse-L Chevron (PERC) osteotomy [Text] / J. Lucas y Hernandez, P. Golanó, S. Roshan-Zamir [et al.] // Bone Joint J. – 2016. – Mar., Vol. 98-B(3). – P. 365–373. XXIV. Weil, L.Jr. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux abducto valgus deformity [Text] / L.Jr. Weil, M. Bowen // Clin. Podiatr. Med. Surg. – 2014. – Apr., Vol.31(2). – P. 233–246. View | Download QUANTITATIVE ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE STOMACH AND SMALL INTESTINE IN HEALTHYDOGS Authors: Roman A. Tcygansky,Irina I. Nekrasova,Angelina N. Shulunova,Alexander I.Sidelnikov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00045 Abstract: Purpose.To determine the quantitative echogenicity indicators (and their ratio) of the layers of stomach and small intestine wall in healthy dogs. Methods. A prospective 3-year study of 86 healthy dogs (aged 1-7 yrs) of different breeds and of both sexes. Echo homogeneity and echogenicity of the stomach and intestines wall were determined by the method of Silina, T.L., et al. (2010) in absolute values of average brightness levels of ultrasound image pixels using the 8-bit scale with 256 shades of gray. Results. Quantitative echogenicity indicators of the stomach and the small intestine wall in dogs were determined. Based on the numerical values characterizing echogenicity distribution in each layer of a separate structure of the digestive system, the coefficient of gastric echogenicity is determined as 1:2.4:1.1 (mucosa/submucosa/muscle layers, respectively), the coefficient of duodenum and jejunum echogenicity is determined as 1:3.5:2 and that of ileum is 1:1.8:1. Clinical significance. The echogenicity coefficient of the wall of the digestive system allows an objective assessment of the stomach and intestines wall and can serve as the basis for a quantitative assessment of echogenicity changes for various pathologies of the digestive system Keywords: Ultrasound (US),echogenicity,echogenicity coefficient,digestive system,dogs,stomach,intestines, Refference: I. Agut, A. Ultrasound examination of the small intestine in small animals // Veterinary focus. 2009.Vol. 19. No. 1. P. 20-29. II. Bull. 4.RF patent 2398513, IPC51A61B8 / 00 A61B8 / 14 (2006.01) A method for determining the homoechogeneity and the degree of echogenicity of an ultrasound image / T. Silina, S. S. Golubkov. – No. 2008149311/14; declared 12/16/2008; publ. 09/10/2010 III. Choi, M., Seo, M., Jung, J., Lee, K., Yoon, J., Chang, D., Park, RD. Evaluation of canine gastric motility with ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2002. Vol. 64. – № 1. – P. 17-21. IV. Delaney, F., O’Brien, R.T., Waller, K.Ultrasound evaluation of small bowel thickness compared to weight in normal dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2003 Vol. 44, № 5. Р 577-580. V. Diana, A., Specchi, S., Toaldo, M.B., Chiocchetti, R., Laghi, A., Cipone, M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of the small bowel in healthy cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2011. – Vol. 52, № 5. – Р. 555-559. VI. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Errors in abdominal ultrasonography in dogs and cats // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2012. Vol. 53. – № 9. – P. 514-519. VII. Garcia, D.A.A., Froes, T.R. Importance of fasting in preparing dogs for abdominal ultrasound examination of specific organs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2014. Vol. 55. – № 12. – P. 630-634. VIII. Gaschen, L., Granger, L.A., Oubre, O., Shannon, D., Kearney, M., Gaschen, F. The effects of food intake and its fat composition on intestinal echogenicity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 546-550 IX. Gaschen, L., Kircher, P., Stussi, A., Allenspach, K., Gaschen, F., Doherr, M., Grone, A. Comparison of ultrasonographic findings with clinical activity index (CIBDAI) and diagnosis in dogs with chronic enteropathies // Veterinary radiology and ultrasound. – 2008. – Vol. 49. – № 1. – Р. 56-64. X. Gil, E.M.U. Garcia, D.A.A. Froes, T.R. In utero development of the fetal intestine: Sonographic evaluation and correlation with gestational age and fetal maturity in dogs // Theriogenology. 2015. Vol. 84, №5. Р. 681-686. XI. Gladwin, N.E. Penninck, D.G., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the wall layers in the intestinal tract of dogs // American Journal of Veterinary Research. 2014. Vol. 75, №4. Р. 349-353. XII. Gory, G., Rault, D.N., Gatel, L, Dally, C., Belli, P., Couturier, L., Cauvin, E. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the abdominal esophagus and cardia in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2014. Vol. 55, № 5. P. 552-560. XIII. Günther, C.S. Lautenschläger, I.E., Scholz, V.B. Assessment of the inter- and intraobserver variability for sonographical measurement of intestinal wall thickness in dogs without gastrointestinal diseases | [Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitätbei der sonographischenBestimmung der Darmwanddicke von HundenohnegastrointestinaleErkrankungen] // Tierarztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere – Heimtiere. 2014. Vol. 42 №2. Р. 71-78. XIV. Hanazono, K., Fukumoto, S., Hirayama, K., Takashima, K., Yamane, Y., Natsuhori, M., Kadosawa, T., Uchide, T. Predicting Metastatic Potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in dog by ultrasonography // J. of Veterinary Medical Science. – 2012. Vol. 74. – № 11. – P. 1477-1482. XV. Heng, H.G., Lim, Ch.K., Miller, M.A., Broman, M.M.Prevalence and significance of an ultrasonographic colonic muscularishyperechoic band paralleling the serosal layer in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2015. Vol. 56 № 6. P. 666-669. XVI. Ivančić, M., Mai, W. Qualitative and quantitative comparison of renal vs. hepatic ultrasonographic intensity in healthy dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2008. Vol. 49. № 4. Р. 368-373. XVII. Lamb, C.R., Mantis, P. Ultrasonographic features of intestinal intussusception in 10 dogs // J. of Small Animal Practice. – 2008. Vol. 39. – № 9. – P. 437-441. XVIII. Le Roux, A. B., Granger, L.A., Wakamatsu, N, Kearney, M.T., Gaschen, L.Ex vivo correlation of ultrasonographic small intestinal wall layering with histology in dogs // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound.2016. Vol. 57. № 5. P. 534-545. XIX. Nielsen, T. High-frequency ultrasound of Peyer’s patches in the small intestine of young cats / T. Nielsen [et al.] // Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. – 2015. – Vol. 18, № 4. – Р. 303-309. XX. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In Nyland T.G., Mattoon J.S. (eds): Small Animal Diagnostic Ultrasound. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. 2002, 2nd ed. Р. 207-230. XXI. PenninckD.G. Gastrointestinal tract. In: PenninckD.G.,d´Anjou M.A. Atlas of Small Animal Ultrasonography. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa. 2008. Р. 281-318. XXII. Penninck, D.G., Nyland, T.G., Kerr, L.Y., Fisher, P.E. Ultrasonographic evaluation of gastrointestinal diseases in small animals // Veterinary Radiology. 1990. Vol. 31. №3. P. 134-141. XXIII. Penninck, D.G.,Webster, C.R.L.,Keating, J.H. The sonographic appearance of intestinal mucosal fibrosis in cats // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2010. – Vol. 51, № 4. – Р. 458-461. XXIV. Pollard, R.E.,Johnson, E.G., Pesavento, P.A., Baker, T.W., Cannon, A.B., Kass, P.H., Marks, S.L. Effects of corn oil administered orally on conspicuity of ultrasonographic small intestinal lesions in dogs with lymphangiectasia // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2013. Vol. 54. № 4. P. 390-397. XXV. Rault, D.N., Besso, J.G., Boulouha, L., Begon, D., Ruel, Y. Significance of a common extended mucosal interface observed in transverse small intestine sonograms // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. 2004. Vol. 45. №2. Р. 177-179. XXVI. Sutherland-Smith, J., Penninck, D.G., Keating, J.H., Webster, C.R.L. Ultrasonographic intestinal hyperechoic mucosal striations in dogs are associated with lacteal dilation // Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. – 2007. Vol. 48. – № 1. – P. 51-57. View | Download EVALUATION OF ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL IN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS Authors: Larisa A. Merdenova,Elena A. Takoeva,Marina I. Nartikoeva,Victoria A. Belyayeva,Fatima S. Datieva,Larisa R. Datieva, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00046 Abstract: The aim of this work was to assess the functional reserves of the body to quantify individual health; adaptation, psychophysiological characteristics of the health quality of medical students in different seasons of the year. When studying the temporal organization of physiological functions, the rhythm parameters of physiological functions were determined, followed by processing the results using the Cosinor Analysis program, which reveals rhythms with an unknown period for unequal observations, evaluates 5 parameters of sinusoidal rhythms (mesor, amplitude, acrophase, period, reliability). The essence of desynchronization is the mismatch of circadian rhythms among themselves or destruction of the rhythms architectonics (instability of acrophases or their disappearance). Desynchronization with respect to the rhythmic structure of the body is of a disregulatory nature, most pronounced in pathological desynchronization. High neurotism, increased anxiety reinforces the tendency to internal desynchronization, which increases with stress. During examination stress, students experience a decrease in the stability of the temporary organization of the biosystem and the tension of adaptive mechanisms develops, which affects attention, mental performance and the quality of adaptation to the educational process. Time is shortened and the amplitude of the “initial minute” decreases, personal and situational anxiety develops, and the level of psychophysiological adaptation decreases. The results of the work are priority because they can be used in assessing quality and level of health. Keywords: Desynchronosis,biorhythms,psycho-emotional stress,mesor,acrophase,amplitude,individual minute, Refference: I. Arendt, J., Middleton, B. Human seasonal and circadian studies in Antarctica (Halley, 75_S) – General and Comparative Endocrinology. 2017: 250-259. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.010). II. BalandinYu.P. A brief methodological guide on the use of the agro-industrial complex “Health Sources” / Yu.P. Balandin, V.S. Generalov, V.F. Shishlov. Ryazan, 2007. III. Buslovskaya L.K. Adaptation reactions in students at exam stress/ L.K. Buslovskaya, Yu.P. Ryzhkova. Scientific bulletin of Belgorod State University. Series: Natural Sciences. 2011;17(21):46-52. IV. Chutko L. S. Sindromjemocionalnogovygoranija – Klinicheskie I psihologicheskieaspekty./ L.S Chutko. Moscow: MEDpress-inform, 2013. V. Eroshina K., Paul Wilkinson, Martin Mackey. The role of environmental and social factors in the occurrence of diseases of the respiratory tract in children of primary school age in Moscow. Medicine. 2013:57-71. VI. Fagrell B. “Microcirculation of the Skin”. The physiology and pharmacology of the microcirculation. 2013:423. VII. Gurova O.A. Change in blood microcirculation in students throughout the day. New research. 2013; 2 (35):66-71. VIII. Khetagurova L.G. – Stress/Ed. L.G. Khetagurov. Vladikavkaz: Project-Press Publishing House, 2010. IX. Khetagurova L.G., Urumova L.T. et al. Stress (chronomedical aspects). International Journal of Experimental Education 2010; 12: 30-31. X. Khetagurova L.G., Salbiev K.D., Belyaev S.D., Datieva F.S., Kataeva M.R., Tagaeva I.R. Chronopathology (experimental and clinical aspects/ Ed. L.G. Khetagurov, K.D. Salbiev, S.D.Belyaev, F.S. Datiev, M.R. Kataev, I.R. Tagaev. Moscow: Science, 2004. XI. KlassinaS.Ya. Self-regulatory reactions in the microvasculature of the nail bed of fingers in person with psycho-emotional stress. Bulletin of new medical technologies, 2013; 2 (XX):408-412. XII. Kovtun O.P., Anufrieva E.V., Polushina L.G. Gender-age characteristics of the component composition of the body in overweight and obese schoolchildren. Medical Science and Education of the Urals. 2019; 3:139-145. XIII. Kuchieva M.B., Chaplygina E.V., Vartanova O.T., Aksenova O.A., Evtushenko A.V., Nor-Arevyan K.A., Elizarova E.S., Efremova E.N. A comparative analysis of the constitutional features of various generations of healthy young men and women in the Rostov Region. Modern problems of science and education. 2017; 5:50-59. XIV. Mathias Adamsson1, ThorbjörnLaike, Takeshi Morita – Annual variation in daily light expo-sure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol consent rations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length – Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 2017; 36: 6 – 15. XV. Merdenova L.A., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A. Features of the study of biological rhythms in children. The results of fundamental and applied research in the field of natural and technical sciences. Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Belgorod, 2017, pp. 119-123. XVI. Ogarysheva N.V. The dynamics of mental performance as a criterion for adapting to the teaching load. Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16:5 (1): S.636-638. XVII. Pekmezovi T. Gene-environment interaction: A genetic-epidemiological approach. Journal of Medical Biochemistry. 2010;29:131-134. XVIII. Rapoport S.I., Chibisov S.M. Chronobiology and chronomedicine: history and prospects/Ed. S.M. Chibisov, S.I. Rapoport ,, M.L. Blagonravova. Chronobiology and Chronomedicine: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN) Press. Moscow, 2018. XIX. Roustit M., Cracowski J.L. “Non-invasive assessment of skin microvascular function in humans: an insight into methods” – Microcirculation 2012; 19 (1): 47-64. XX. Rud V.O., FisunYu.O. – References of the circadian desinchronosis in students. Ukrainian Bulletin of Psychoneurology. 2010; 18(2) (63): 74-77. XXI. Takoeva Z. A., Medoeva N. O., Berezova D. T., Merdenova L. A. et al. Long-term analysis of the results of chronomonitoring of the health of the population of North Ossetia; Vladikavkaz Medical and Biological Bulletin. 2011; 12(12,19): 32-38. XXII. Urumova L.T., Tagaeva I.R., Takoeva E.A., Datieva L.R. – The study of some health indicators of medical students in different periods of the year. Health and education in the XXI century. 2016; 18(4): 94-97. XXIII. Westman J. – Complex diseases. In: Medical genetics for the modern clinician. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. XXIV. Yadrischenskaya T.V. Circadian biorhythms of students and their importance in educational activities. Problems of higher education. Pacific State University Press. 2016; 2:176-178. View | Download TRIADIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Authors: Stanislav A.Kudzh,Victor Ya. Tsvetkov, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00047 Abstract: The present study of comparison methods based on the triadic model introduces the following concepts: the relation of comparability and the relation of comparison, and object comparison and attributive comparison. The difference between active and passive qualitative comparison is shown, two triadic models of passive and active comparison and models for comparing two and three objects are described. Triadic comparison models are proposed as an alternative to dyadic comparison models. Comparison allows finding the common and the different; this approach is proposed for the analysis of the nomothetic and ideographic method of obtaining knowledge. The nomothetic method identifies and evaluates the general, while the ideographic method searches for unique in parameters and in combinations of parameters. Triadic comparison is used in systems and methods of argumentation, as well as in the analysis of consistency/inconsistency. Keywords: Comparative analysis,dyad,triad,triadic model,comparability relation,object comparison,attributive comparison,nomothetic method,ideographic method, Refference: I. AltafS., Aslam.M.Paired comparison analysis of the van Baarenmodel using Bayesian approach with noninformativeprior.Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8(2) (2012) 259{270. II. AmooreJ. E., VenstromD Correlations between stereochemical assessments and organoleptic analysis of odorous compounds. Olfaction and Taste (2016) 3{17. III. BarnesJ., KlingerR. Embedding projection for targeted cross-lingual sentiment: model comparisons and a real-world study. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 691{742. doi.org/10.1613/jair.1.11561 IV. Castro-SchiloL., FerrerE.Comparison of nomothetic versus idiographic-oriented methods for making predictions about distal outcomes from time series data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 48(2) (2013) 175{207. V. De BonaG.et al. Classifying inconsistency measures using graphs. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 937{987. VI. FideliR. La comparazione. Milano: Angeli, 1998. VII. GordonT. F., PrakkenH., WaltonD. The Carneades model of argument and burden of proof. Artificial Intelligence 10(15) (2007) 875{896. VIII. GrenzS.J. The social god and the relational self: A Triad theology of the imago Dei. Westminster: John Knox Press, 2001. IX. HermansH.J. M.On the integration of nomothetic and idiographic research methods in the study of personal meaning.Journal of Personality 56(4) (1988) 785{812. X. JamiesonK. G., NowakR. Active ranking using pairwise comparisons.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (2011) 2240{2248. XI. JongsmaC.Poythress’s triad logic: a review essay. Pro Rege 42(4) (2014) 6{15. XII. KärkkäinenV.M. Trinity and Religious Pluralism: The Doctrine of the Trinity in Christian Theology of Religions. London: Routledge, 2017. XIII. KudzhS. A., TsvetkovV.Ya. Triadic systems. Russian Technology Magazine 7(6) (2019) 74{882. XIV. NelsonK.E.Some observations from the perspective of the rare event cognitive comparison theory of language acquisition.Children’s Language 6 (1987) 289{331. XV. NiskanenA., WallnerJ., JärvisaloM.Synthesizing argumentation frameworks from examples. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 66 (2019) 503{554. XVI. PührerJ.Realizability of three-valued semantics for abstract dialectical frameworks.Artificial Intelligence 278 (2020) 103{198. XVII. SwansonG.Frameworks for comparative research: structural anthropology and the theory of action. In: Vallier, Ivan (Ed.). Comparative methods in sociology: essays on trends and applications.Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971 141{202. XVIII. TsvetkovV.Ya.Worldview model as the result of education.World Applied Sciences Journal 31(2) (2014) 211{215. XIX. TsvetkovV. Ya. Logical analysis and variable scales. Slavic Forum 4(22) (2018) 103{109. XX. Wang S. et al. Transit traffic analysis zone delineating method based on Thiessen polygon. Sustainability 6(4) (2014) 1821{1832. View | Download DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY OF CREATING WEAR-RESISTANT CERAMIC COATING FOR ICE CYLINDER." JOURNAL OF MECHANICS OF CONTINUA AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES spl10, no. 1 (June 28, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.spl.10/2020.06.00048.

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