Journal articles on the topic 'Xinjiang'
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1
Wen, Lu, Zhang Rong, and Bai Xiao. "Research into the Contribution Rate of Technological Progress to the Industrial Economic Growth of Xinjiang." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 01053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127501053.
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Since the Silk Road Economic Belt initiative was put forward in 2013, the industrial structure of Xinjiang has become increasingly rationalized, and Xinjiang’s economic development has entered a stage of rapid development. Based on the Solow residual value method, this paper uses the gray correlation model to estimate the elastic coefficient of capital and labor input and calculates the contribution rate of technological progress in 25 industrial sectors in Xinjiang. The research results show that more than 50% of the industrial sector in Xinjiang contributes more than 50% to technological progress, and Xinjiang’s economy has entered a period of intensive rapid development.
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Millward, James A. "Historical Perspectives on Contemporary Xinjiang." Inner Asia 2, no. 2 (2000): 121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/146481700793647814.
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AbstractThis paper reflects on historical precedents to some of the issues raised by other papers in this symposium. Particular problems discussed include the population and demographic distribution of Han, Uyghur and other groups in Xinjiang; fiscal subventions from Beijing to Xinjiang; Qing dynasty agricultural reclamation as precursor of the bingtuan; Xinjiang’s environment; and ethnic relations.
3
Liu, Rui Yan, Yi Ping Yuan, Shu Guang Tian, and Xiao Juan Li. "Network Characteristics Analysis of the Xinjiang Regional Logistic Based on Complex Networks." Key Engineering Materials 522 (August 2012): 804–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.522.804.
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Reasonable logistics system plays a fundamental role in the process of regional economic development. With the development of Xinjiang's energy resources conversion strategy is ceaseless and thorough, as the country imported energy and scarce mineral resources international channel, Xinjiang internal and external logistics hub action are highlighted with each passing day. In this paper the complex network theory is applied to the Xinjiang regional logistics network, important cities, ports, warehousing point for a node to connect these nodes highway straight-line distance of the railway side, constructed the Xinjiang regional characteristics of the logistics network model. Select the node degree distribution, betweenness, average path length, clustering coefficient as a measure, static statistical properties of the network are analyzed. Provide basic data for the Xinjiang regional logistics network.
4
Huang, Jihong, Canran Liu, Zhongjun Guo, Keping Ma, Runguo Zang, Yi Ding, Xinghui Lu, Jiping Wang, and Ruoyun Yu. "Seed plant features, distribution patterns, diversity hotspots, and conservation gaps in Xinjiang, China." Nature Conservation 27 (June 7, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.27.23728.
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The flora in Xinjiang is unique. Decisions about biodiversity conservation and management based on seed plant diversity hotspots and conservation gaps in Xinjiang are essential to maintain this unique flora. Based on a species distribution dataset of seed plants, we measured seed plant diversity using species richness and phylogenetic diversity indices. Five percent of Xinjiang’s total land area with the highest biodiversity was used to identify hotspots for each index. In total, eight hotspots were identified. Most hotspots were located in mountainous areas, mainly in the Tianshan Mountains and Altai Mountains. Furthermore, we detected conservation gaps for Xinjiang’s seed flora hotspots by overlaying nature reserve maps on to maps of identified hotspots and we designated priority conservation gaps for hotspots by overlaying global biodiversity hotspot maps on to hotspot conservation gaps maps. Most of Xinjiang’s seed plant hotspots are poorly protected; only 10.45% of these hotspots were covered by nature reserves. We suggest that it is essential to promote network function of nature reserves within these hotspots in Xinjiang to conserve this unique flora.
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Song, Xinfu, Gang Liang, Changzu Li, and Weiwei Chen. "Electricity Consumption Prediction for Xinjiang Electric Energy Replacement." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (March 20, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3262591.
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In recent years, the phenomenon of wind and solar energy abandoned in Xinjiang’s new energy has become severe, the contradiction between the supply and demand of the power grid is obvious, and the proportion of power in the energy consumption structure is relatively low, thus hindering the development of Xinjiang’s green power. In this context, the focus of Xinjiang’s power has shifted to promote the development of electric energy replacement. Therefore, using the Xinjiang region as an example, we first select the important indicators such as the terminal energy substitution in Xinjiang, added value of the secondary industry, population, terminal power consumption intensity, and per capita disposable income. Subsequently, eight combined forecasting models based on the grey model (GM), multiple linear regression (MLR), and error back propagation neural network (BP) are constructed to predict and analyse the electricity consumption of the whole society in Xinjiang. The results indicate the optimal weighted combination forecasting model, GM-MLR-BP of the induced ordered weighted harmonic averaging operator (IOWHA operator), exhibits better prediction accuracy, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is proven.
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Zreik, Mohamad. "Historical Developments of China's Xinjiang Province or Western Region." Indikator: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/indikator.v6i2.15069.
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In this study, the author examines the history of Xinjiang, which has since become a province of China and a vital component of the mainland's culture. This research is entirely based on secondary sources using historical research methods. In addition to the analytical descriptive technique, the functional approach was allotted. According to the findings, ethnic and religious diversity abounds in Xinjiang. Even though Xinjiang has been the site of several conflicts and invasions, the Silk Road has made it a more vital commercial route for the region's ethnic groups and neighboring countries. Xinjiang's residents followed a variety of faiths, including Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Islam.
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Hastings, Justin V. "Charting the Course of Uyghur Unrest." China Quarterly 208 (December 2011): 893–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741011001056.
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AbstractWhat explains the course of Uyghur-related violence in Xinjiang and Central Asia since 1990? Using data derived from a variety of sources, I argue that the locations and types of violent incidents were influenced by a combination of Chinese government policies and the political geography of Xinjiang. Specifically, 1990 to 1996 were dominated by logistically complex incidents in a low-level violent campaign in Xinjiang. The Strike Hard campaign in 1996 brought about an increase in logistically simple incidents in Xinjiang and some violence in Central Asia as Uyghur separatists had trouble moving people, information and weapons across the well-guarded, difficult terrain of Xinjiang's borders. China's rapprochement with Central Asian countries in the late 1990s led after 2001 to a dramatic decrease in Uyghur-related violence in general, but also signalled the appearance of logistically creative attacks that required little planning or materials. My findings suggest that Uyghur rebels will have a difficult time mounting a large-scale violent campaign as long as China retains even minimal control of Xinjiang.
8
Wang, Jingjing, Yan Zhang, Zeeshan Mustafa, and Maurizio Canavari. "Changes in Agri-Food Export Competitiveness Based on the Sophistication Analysis: The Case of Xinjiang, China." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 15729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315729.
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The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is a major agri-food export contributor within China. Growing quality requirements for agri-food export, increasing green trade barriers, and a desire to emphasize sustainable trade at regional levels have prompted Xinjiang to pay increased attention to agri-food export competitiveness. The paper uses the export sophistication index to investigate the overall and classificatory export competitiveness of Xinjiang’s Agricultural Products (APs). The results are compared to the national average within China by calculating the relative export sophistication. The research finds that (1) Xinjiang’s APs exports are predominant in medium and medium-low-sophistication products. Along with the expanding scale, its structure has been optimized overall. (2) Horticultural products keep a leading position, not having strong competitiveness in Xinjiang but also far exceeding the national average. However, the bulk APs, livestock products, aquatic products, beverages and tobacco, and other APs have no significant export competitiveness compared to the national average. (3) The export structure of Xinjiang’s APs is highly concentrated in horticultural products, showing an adverse trend in export competitiveness distribution—”the strong getting stronger and the weak getting weaker,” and a slower upgrading than the national average since the outbreak of COVID-19, which requires the attention of policymakers.
9
Cai, Tianyi, Xinhuan Zhang, Fuqiang Xia, Zhiping Zhang, Jingjing Yin, and Shengqin Wu. "The Process-Mode-Driving Force of Cropland Expansion in Arid Regions of China Based on the Land Use Remote Sensing Monitoring Data." Remote Sensing 13, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 2949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13152949.
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The center of gravity of China’s new cropland has shifted from Northeast China to the Xinjiang oasis areas where the ecological environment is relatively fragile. However, we currently face a lack of a comprehensive review of the cropland expansion in oasis areas of Xinjiang, which is importantly associated with the sustainable use of cropland, social stability and oasis ecological security. In this study, the land use remote sensing monitoring data in 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2018 were used to comprehensively analyze the process characteristics, different modes and driving mechanisms of the cropland expansion in Xinjiang, as well as its spatial heterogeneity at the oasis area level. The results revealed that cropland in Xinjiang continued to expand from 5803 thousand hectares in 1990 to 8939 thousand hectares in 2018 and experienced three stages of expansion: steady expansion, rapid expansion, and slow expansion. The center of gravity of cropland showed the characteristic of shifting to the South. Edge expansion and encroachment on grassland were the dominant spatial pattern mode and land use conversion mode of Xinjiang’s cropland expansion, respectively. The expansion of cropland in Xinjiang was affected by multiple factors. Irrigation conditions played a dominant role. Topography indirectly affected cropland expansion by affecting the suitability of agricultural production and development. Population growth and farmers’ income were important driving forces. There was significant spatial heterogeneity in the intensity, mode and driving force of cropland expansion among different oasis areas in Xinjiang. The spatial shift of China’s new cropland has occupied a large amount of water resources and ecological land in Xinjiang and exacerbated the vulnerability of the ecosystem in arid regions. The key to sustainable management of cropland in Xinjiang in the future lies in maintaining an appropriate scale of cropland and promoting the coordinated development of cropland, population, water resources and industry.
10
Ou, Yuan Zhi. "Surviving Troubled Times on the Borders of China: Sheng Shicai as a Successful Warlord in Xinjiang, 1931–34." Journal of Chinese Military History 10, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 89–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22127453-bja10009.
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Abstract Ethnicity, religion, and geopolitics affect historians’ interpretations of the history of Xinjiang, a very chaotic frontier region of China that did not come fully under the control of the People’s Republic of China until recent decades. The case of Sheng Shicai, an early Republican Era Chinese military officer, shows how professional training and, most importantly, the ability to capitalize on emerging opportunities contributed to his military success in Xinjiang from 1931 to 1934. This paper analyzes the Republic of China’s government documents, Sheng and his acquaintances’ memoirs, newspaper articles, and other sources to examine how Sheng applied his military training and employed regional and foreign military forces to win battles in northern Xinjiang. Professional military training helped officers to utilize their resources efficiently and take advantage of their geopolitical situations. Amid numerous talented Chinese military officers, Sheng rose in rank and successfully secured Xinjiang as a part of the Republic of China even when Xinjiang’s geopolitics seemed extremely challenging. This study highlights the value of Sheng’s military prowess, something that the literature has not previously appreciated.
11
Hoh, Anchi. "Xinjiang as Portrayed in Qing’s Historical Gazetteers Housed at the Library of Congress." Comparative Islamic Studies 7, no. 1-2 (September 20, 2012): 23–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cis.v7i1-2.23.
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The author argues that to study the relationship between China and the Middle East it is unavoidable to form an understanding of the Xinjiang region as a bridge between the regions. Focusing on the expansion of China control of Xinjiang and the bordering regions of Central Asia during the Qianlong period (1736-95) and the signification of these regions from the 18th century to the present, this article demonstrates the fervent relationship between East Asia and the Middle East. Due to current political considerations, many contemporary studies focus only on the more recent separatist movements in the region and Xinjiang’s possible ties to terrorism. Hoh shows that it is essential to delve into the historical roots and landscape for any meaningful assessment of contemporary politics and society. Moreover, in dealing with the current Chinese government on Xinjiang related issues, it is imperative to study the relevant historical documents in order to form a full understanding of the current Chinese thinking. As an attempt to bridge this gap, this article emphasizes on Xinjiang’s regional development during the Qing dynasty, as well as the Qing’s attitude toward Xinjiang’s bordering countries in the historical Chinese documents.
The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily represent those of the Library of Congress.
12
Zhou, Xudong. "Sustainability assessment and improvement strategies research for typical arid and resource-developing regions." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 4, 2021): e0251088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251088.
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Located in the Eurasian continent’s hinterland, Xinjiang is a typical arid and resource-developing region in China’s northwest. Problems such as excessive resource consumption, environmental pollution, and ecological imbalance are becoming severe, which have become the bottleneck that further restricts Xinjiang’s sustainable development. Due to its outstanding quantitative advantages, ecological efficiency has become a significant indicator and analytical tool for measuring the green economy and sustainable development. In this study, we analyzed ecological efficiency variation for Xinjiang’s 14 prefectures between 2001 and 2015 using a super-efficient data envelopment model (DEA), Malmquist Index, and Tobit model. These analyses indicated that: (1) The overall ecological efficiency level of Xinjiang is low, and development among regions is unbalanced, out of sync, lacks sustainability. (2) From 2001 to 2015, Xinjiang’s ecological efficiency showed a W-shaped rising trend and finally increased by 5.7%. It is due to the substantial improvement in environmental efficiency. (3) By analyzing the environmental efficiency and resource efficiency, 14 prefectures in Xinjiang consist of four development modes: low energy consumption and low emission, high energy consumption and low emission, low energy consumption and high emission, and high energy consumption and high emission. (4) Water resources are restricting factors of arid regions. In most prefectures, there exist excessive water resource investment, excessive COD, and NH3-N emissions. (5) By analyzing the Malmquist index, it shows that the technical progress index(TC) restricted ecological efficiency. In contrast, the technical efficiency index (EC) promoted ecological efficiency.(6)The ecological efficiency was positively correlated with the utilization of foreign capital, urbanization rate, and average education degree but negatively correlated with the marketization degree. The study has guidance and reference function for the sustainable development of Xinjiang—a vital corridor of the Silk Road Economic Belt, and also provides a reference to the research work of other arid resource-based regions.
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Jie, Pan, Kong Na, and Bai Xiao. "Research into “Five Centers” on the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Current Development of Tertiary Industry in Xinjiang." E3S Web of Conferences 275 (2021): 01049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127501049.
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Industrial development is the pillar of regional economic development, and the development of tertiary industry is the focus of the entire industry. This paper conducted an in-depth analysis of the tertiary industry in Xinjiang from three aspects: output value, output value growth rate, and output value contribution rate. On this basis, this paper also analyzes the investment in fixed assets of Xinjiang’s tertiary industry and uses the gray correlation model to measure the correlation between fixed assets and output value. The results of the study show that from 2014 to 2019, the tertiary industry in Xinjiang has developed better overall. Among them, culture, sports and entertainment industry, information transmission, software and information technology service industry, education, health and social industry and other industries are developing very well, which is in line with the vision goal of the construction of the “Five Centers” in Xinjiang on the Silk Road Economic Belt.
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Fan, Feifei, and Weiling Xu. "An Evaluation Method of International Trade Growth Potential Based on Fuzzy Algorithm." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (November 17, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8798208.
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The new development pattern is a strategic choice to reshape China’s new advantages in international cooperation and competition. It is based on China’s current development stage, changes in the environment, and other factors. Located deep within China’s interior, Xinjiang is a crucial region for the development of the western region and the Belt and Road Initiative. Its agricultural resources are exported to numerous foreign nations. In the context of the new development pattern, this paper first examines the foreign trade issues in Xinjiang. Second, this paper analyzes the current state of Sino-Kazakhstani trade, in particular the current state of trade in agricultural products. In addition, the growth potential of Xinjiang’s agricultural international trade is analyzed utilizing the gravity model and fuzzy algorithm. Finally, countermeasures for the mode of development of Xinjiang’s international trade are proposed.
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Wang, Xutong. "On the Differences between Chinese Languages Education in Xinjiang and Economically Developed Cities under the New Curriculum Standard." SHS Web of Conferences 158 (2023): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315802006.
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By examining the ancient and modern educational approaches in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, this study analyzes the changes and processes based on the analysis of Xinjiang’s location, ethnic situation, and educational resources and studies the differences between language education in Xinjiang and the general region, which proposes the importance of the popularization of the common national language for language education. It also analyzes the relationship between the common national language and Chinese language education.The paper is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the background. The second part introduces language education under the new curriculum standards and explores in depth through language learning requirements, teaching materials, and school-based resources. The third part analyzes the current situation of the use of national languages by ethnic minorities in Xinjiang and explores it through students, language teachers, and learning. The fourth part concludes. The shift from “bilingual education” to full Chinese language teaching has been a long-standing educational goal in Xinjiang, and it has been achieved. However, the version of language teaching materials in the region lags, the curriculum reform is slow, and teachers and language curriculum resources are relatively scarce. This will provide some reference for future research and exploration of language education in Xinjiang. This study finds that the versions of the language teaching materials lag, the curriculum reform is slow, and the teacher strength and the language curriculum resources are relatively scarce.
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Li, Ji Gang, and Yu Miao. "Building a Financial Support System for Environmental Protection about Low-Carbon Energy - Example of Xinjiang Province." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.941.
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The paper gives an analysis of the characteristics of carbon emissions through estimating Xinjiangs carbon emission amount and then provides a suggestion that we should do more efforts to support carbon reduction in both production and consumption fields. Finally, the paper proposes a financial support path for energy low-carbonizing in Xinjiang.
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Smith, Joanne N. "Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest. By Michael Dillon. [London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003. ix+201 pp. £65.00. ISBN 0-415-32051-8.]." China Quarterly 178 (June 2004): 519–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741004280298.
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Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest is, as the preface notes, primarily a work of synthesis. The author gathers together an impressive amount of documentary data from a range of sources, including domestic Chinese and world news media, Han Chinese scholarship, and, to a lesser extent, reports by Uighur émigré organizations. These data are employed to illustrate patterns of separatist opposition and state reaction in Xinjiang, particularly since the 1990 Baren riots, identified as the ‘turning point’ in regional state-minority relations. In this, the book might be characterized as the extension of Dillon's earlier paper “Xinjiang: ethnicity, separatism and control in Chinese Central Asia’ (1995).Part one, an introduction to Xinjiang, is the section that most closely approaches the stated goal of providing an updated ‘survey of breadth and depth’ in the style of Owen Lattimore's celebrated Pivot of Asia (1950). In it, the author sketches a broad outline of Xinjiang's geography, history, ethnic make-up, and economy. As he forewarns, the result of his attempt to cover such a wealth of topics may disappoint the specialist. It nonetheless provides a timely snapshot of a rapidly developing society and political economy in a region of growing strategic importance; this is likely to be of interest to non-specialists from a wide range of disciplines.
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Qin, Jiancheng, Lei Gao, Weihu Tu, Jing He, Jingzhe Tang, Shuying Ma, Xiaoyang Zhao, Xingzhe Zhu, Karthikeyan Brindha, and Hui Tao. "Decomposition and Decoupling Analysis of Carbon Emissions in Xinjiang Energy Base, China." Energies 15, no. 15 (July 29, 2022): 5526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155526.
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China faces a difficult choice of maintaining socioeconomic development and carbon emissions mitigation. Analyzing the decoupling relationship between economic development and carbon emissions and its driving factors from a regional perspective is the key for the Chinese government to achieve the 2030 emission reduction target. This study adopted the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method and Tapio index, decomposed the driving forces of the decoupling, and measured the sector’s decoupling states from carbon emissions in Xinjiang province, China. The results found that: (1) Xinjiang’s carbon emissions increased from 93.34 Mt in 2000 to 468.12 Mt in 2017. Energy-intensive industries were the key body of carbon emissions in Xinjiang. (2) The economic activity effect played the decisive factor to carbon emissions increase, which account for 93.58%, 81.51%, and 58.62% in Xinjiang during 2000–2005, 2005–2010, and 2010–2017, respectively. The energy intensity effect proved the dominant influence for carbon emissions mitigation, which accounted for −22.39% of carbon emissions increase during 2000–2010. (3) Weak decoupling (WD), expansive coupling (EC), expansive negative decoupling (END) and strong negative decoupling (SND) were identified in Xinjiang during 2001 to 2017. Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita elasticity has a major inhibitory effect on the carbon emissions decoupling. Energy intensity elasticity played a major driver to the decoupling in Xinjiang. Most industries have not reached the decoupling state in Xinjiang. Fuel processing, power generation, chemicals, non-ferrous, iron and steel industries mainly shown states of END and EC. On this basis, it is suggested that local governments should adjust the industrial structure, optimize energy consumption structure, and promote energy conservation and emission reduction to tap the potential of carbon emissions mitigation in key sectors.
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Rodríguez Bausero, Ramiro. "Xinjiang chino:." Perspectivas Revista de Ciencias Sociales, no. 9 (July 10, 2020): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/prcs.v0i9.171.
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La Región china de Xinjiang a fines del siglo XIX estuvo alcanzada por el Gran Juego de las potencias. Luego de la configuración del espacio post-soviético y el vertiginoso crecimiento económico y gravitación global de la República Popular China, vuelve a cobrar importancia en el contexto de la mayor relevancia estratégica que está cobrando el corazón de Eurasia. En este texto, repasamos la importancia de esta Región Autónoma de China.
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Uson uulu, M., T. Aitikeev, G. Abdyldaeva, M. Bakirov, and Zh Abdullaeva. "On the Development of Tourism in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region." Bulletin of Science and Practice 8, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/75/30.
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Research relevance: Xinjiang has abundant resources for tourism development and can be expected to become an important tourist destination in China in the 21st century. Research objectives: to reveal natural attractions for the development of tourism, including the relief and high mountain ranges and deep depressions in the Xinjiang region. Research methods and materials: article is based on description of natural and cultural sightseeing places for tourists to visit. Research results: tourism development stimulates growth of circulation of monetary and material resources, an increase in employment of the population, influences the development of infrastructure and telecommunications. Conclusions: Tourism is becoming a new point of growth and an important pillar of Xinjiang’s economy.
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Cuthbert, Ross. "Beijing Rides the Bandwagon." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 23, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v23i3.444.
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This paper offers a critical assessment of the Chinese Communist Party’s post-9/11 efforts to build international support for its security activities in its Xinjiang province. Xinjiang has traditionally presented the party with a particular challenge. It is remote and relatively underdeveloped, has borders with seven countries, and, most importantly, is inhabited by a large, concentrated, and restive Islamic minority known as the Uygurs. The party is very concerned about the presence of separatist elements among the Uygur population. Beijing’s activities to control such elements have traditionally been quite secretive. However, after 9/11, a Beijing-released report claimed that Xinjiang’s separatist activity is Islamist in nature and that groups operating within the region have ties to al-Qaeda and the Taliban. I argue that inconsistencies surrounding this report tend to undermine the party’s position. Furthermore, given the nature of Islamic practice in Xinjiang and the historical development of Uygur-Han relations in the region, it is more likely that the primary motivations for separatism are rooted in ethno-nationalist, rather than religious, considerations.
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Cuthbert, Ross. "Beijing Rides the Bandwagon." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i3.444.
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This paper offers a critical assessment of the Chinese Communist Party’s post-9/11 efforts to build international support for its security activities in its Xinjiang province. Xinjiang has traditionally presented the party with a particular challenge. It is remote and relatively underdeveloped, has borders with seven countries, and, most importantly, is inhabited by a large, concentrated, and restive Islamic minority known as the Uygurs. The party is very concerned about the presence of separatist elements among the Uygur population. Beijing’s activities to control such elements have traditionally been quite secretive. However, after 9/11, a Beijing-released report claimed that Xinjiang’s separatist activity is Islamist in nature and that groups operating within the region have ties to al-Qaeda and the Taliban. I argue that inconsistencies surrounding this report tend to undermine the party’s position. Furthermore, given the nature of Islamic practice in Xinjiang and the historical development of Uygur-Han relations in the region, it is more likely that the primary motivations for separatism are rooted in ethno-nationalist, rather than religious, considerations.
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Zhang, Yanjie, and Wei Song. "Identify Ecological Corridors and Build Potential Ecological Networks in Response to Recent Land Cover Changes in Xinjiang, China." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 8960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218960.
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Using Linkage Mapper corridor simulation software, which is based on minimum cost distance, we identify ecological corridors and build potential ecological networks in response to recent land cover changes in Xinjiang, China. Based on the analysis of land use/cover changes, the change of landscape pattern index is also calculated. The results show that: (1) During the year 2000–2015, cultivated land and built-up areas of Xinjiang showed an increasing trend. Due to urbanization, Xinjiang’s landscape connectivity is getting worse, and the landscape is becoming more and more fragmented and isolated. (2) We have constructed 296 ecological corridors, with a total length of 2.71 × 104 km and an average corridor length of 90.98 km. A total of 145 ecological source patches and 500 ecological nodes were connected by 296 ecological corridors. (3) The ecological corridor of Xinjiang presents the characteristics of “dense-north and sparse-south” in space. The areas with dense distribution of ecological corridors mainly include Urumqi, Changji, Turpan, Tacheng, Kizilsu Kirgiz, Karamay, and Yining, and the Taklimakan desert fringe. The sparse distribution is mainly in the whole Taklimakan desert.
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Kurlantzick, Joshua. "Repression and Revolt in China's Wild West." Current History 103, no. 674 (September 1, 2004): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2004.103.674.262.
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A struggle looms within Xinjiang's Uighur population between a no-holds-barred, more violent resistance to Beijing and a more assimilationist, peaceful approach that hopes to win greater political autonomy and economic rights. Unfortunately, too often both Beijing's and Western nations' policies toward Xinjiang only strengthen the hard-liners.
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Yue, Zhiyang, Zhonglin Xu, and Yao Wang. "The Spatio–Temporal Variation of Spring Frost in Xinjiang from 1971 to 2020." Atmosphere 13, no. 7 (July 10, 2022): 1087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071087.
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Under the background of intensifying global change, the frequent occurrence of agrometeorological disasters has an adverse impact on the social economy. Low-temperature weather in spring is one of the main agrometeorological disasters in Xinjiang. Studying the spatial and temporal characteristics of low temperatures in spring in Xinjiang is of great significance. However, research on the spatiotemporal variation of spring frost in arid areas is currently lacking, which limits our understanding of the occurrence and development mechanism of typical disastrous weather events in arid areas. Therefore, on the basis of the daily meteorological data of 40 meteorological stations in the Xinjiang Province of China from 1971 to 2020, we studied the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of spring frost in Xinjiang through trend analysis, the Mann–Kendall test, Kriging interpolation, and wavelet analysis. Results showed that the frequency of spring frost had the spatial trend from Northern Xinjiang to Southern Xinjiang. The occurrence frequency of spring frost in the entire and northern region of Xinjiang had an upward trend, whereas that in Southern Xinjiang showed a downward trend. Severe and moderate spring frost events mainly occurred in Xinjiang. The duration of spring frost had the characteristics of Northern Xinjiang to Southern Xinjiang. The spring frost in Northern Xinjiang mainly occurred in April, and that of Southern Xinjiang was in March. Obvious 15-, 10-, and 20-year oscillation cycles were observed in the occurrence frequency of spring frost in the entire, southern, and northern regions of Xinjiang, respectively. This study can provide a useful reference for the prediction and research corresponding to the occurrence mechanism of spring frost in arid areas.
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Wang, Yuzhu, Haowen Yan, Xiaoping Wang, and Zhuo Wang. "The Spatial-temporal Variation of Precipitation and Temperature in Xinjiang in Recent 50 Years." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-397-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Research purpose: To master the spatial-temporal evolution of precipitation and temperature in Xinjiang, and to provide reference for industrial, agricultural and transportation industries in the study area. Date and Rrsearch methods: Based on monthly precipitation and temperature data of 64 weather stations in Xinjiang in recent 50 years，the spatial-temporal variation of precipitation and temperature were analyzed by the methods of simple linear regression, 5-year moving average, radial basis function interpolation, sliding -t test, accumulated variance analysis, Mann-Kendall and morlet wavelet transform.</p><p>Research conclusion:</p><p>(1) The annual average precipitation (8.65&thinsp;mm/10&thinsp;a) in Xinjiang showed a significant increasing trend, and the increasing trend in local areas was:Northern Xinjiang (14.83&thinsp;mm/10&thinsp;a) &gt; Southern Xinjiang(7.76&thinsp;mm/10&thinsp;a) &gt; Eastern Xinjiang (3.37&thinsp;mm/10&thinsp;a).</p><p>(2) The spatial distribution of tendency rate of annual precipitation is basically the same as the spring, summer and autumn in Xinjiang, the tendency rate decreases from northwest to southeast, but the tendency rate of winter precipitation decreases from north to south.</p><p>(3) The precipitation of Xinjiang changed abruptly in 1989, Southern Xinjiang was relatively earlier (1986), Northern Xinjiang (1991) and Eastern Xinjiang (1990) were relatively delay.</p><p>(4) The main cycle of precipitation was 26&ndash;30&thinsp;a in Xinjiang and local areas, which predicts that the next 10 years will be a wet season.</p><p>(5) The annual average temperature (0.44&thinsp;°C / 10&thinsp;a) in Xinjiang is very significant, and the temperature increase trend in local areas is: Eastern Xinjiang (0.58&thinsp;°C / 10&thinsp;a) &gt; Northern Xinjiang (0.45&thinsp;°C / 10&thinsp;a) &gt; Southern Xinjiang (0.31&thinsp;°C / 10&thinsp;a).</p><p>(6) The spatial distribution of tendency rate of annual average temperature is basically the same as the four seasons in Xinjiang, and the tendency rate showed a decreasing trend from northeast to southwest.</p><p>(7) The temperature change of Xinjiang occurred in 1988,Northern Xinjiang was 1988 （relatively earlier), Southern Xinjiang and Eastern Xinjiang were 1992 (relatively delay).</p><p>(8) The main cycle of temperature in Xinjiang and local areas was 25&ndash;30&thinsp;a. It was predicted that the next 10 years would be high temperature period.</p>
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SHAN, Wei, and Xiaojuan PING. "Rising Terrorism and China's New Policy in Xinjiang." East Asian Policy 06, no. 04 (October 2014): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930514000397.
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Since May 2014 Beijing has started to push its two-pronged new policy plans in anti-terrorism and social development in Xinjiang after a series of Uighur-initiated violent terrorist attacks. One involves heavy-handed tactics and fierce crackdown campaign. The other is the announcement of a new social and economic policy package, including promoting Chinese national “consciousness” among ethnic minorities, boosting employment with a “one household, one job” policy and promoting bilingualism in Xinjiang's education policy.
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Han, Yan, and Shaofeng Jia. "An Assessment of the Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Xinjiang." Water 14, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091510.
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The water resource shortage is a crucial factor in restraining the development of society and the economy in Xinjiang, where there is drought and little rain. The assessment of the water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) is a prerequisite for socioeconomic sustainable development in Xinjiang. In this paper, a convenient and effective model is established for assessing the WRCC under the influence of social welfare and water use efficiency. Meanwhile, a pedigree chart for WRCC is put forward. Then the developed approach is applied to investigate the sustainable utilization of water resources in Xinjiang. The results indicate that the WRCC of Xinjiang is not overloaded in 2018. The status of the WRCC is worse in northern Xinjiang than in southern Xinjiang, especially in Karamay, Shihezi, and Urumchi. The areas with potential water resource exploitation in Xinjiang are mainly located in the Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and Altay Prefecture. The efficiency of agricultural water use is of vital importance to the WRCC in Xinjiang. The WRCC of Xinjiang can be improved by saving agricultural water, water recycling, and optimizing industrial structures. The maximum population carried by the water resources in Xinjiang is predicted to be 33.63 million and 35.80 million in 2035 and 2050, respectively. The assessment of the WRCC provides a valuable reference for the sustainable utilization of water resources in Xinjiang.
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WANG, Jingjing, Wei XIONG, and Dan ZHANG. "Potential Analysis of Tomato Paste Export from Xinjiang to Kazakhstan." Theory and Practice of Social Science 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.6914/tpss.201912_1(2).0001.
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Ketchup is the most important agricultural product exported by Xinjiang in China, and the main market is in Kazakhstan. Exploring the export potential of Xinjiang Xinjiang to Kazakhstan ketchup will help enterprises to formulate scientific and rational export strategies and effectively promote the healthy development of agricultural trade for the government. for reference. Based on the export data of Xinjiang tomato to Kazakhstan in 2009-2017, this paper uses three exponential smoothing methods to predict the export potential of Xinjiang Xinjiang to tomato ketchup, and analyzes the development of China's Xinjiang and Kazakhstan ketchup trade. The results showed that: (1) The export quantity of tomato ketchup in Xinjiang showed an overall upward trend, but the export value was declining; the structure of export ketchup had changed, but the export of canned tomato ketchup still accounted for a large proportion. (2) China's Xinjiang ketchup has problems in production of Kazakhstan, such as insufficient production standards, low added value of products, lack of well-known brand names, low grades of export products, and green trade barriers. (3) Proposing suggestions for increasing scientific research and technological innovation, extending the industrial chain, and adjusting the industrial structure.
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Wang, Wenjun, Manyu Ding, Jacob D. Gardner, Yongqiang Wang, Bo Miao, Wu Guo, Xinhua Wu, et al. "Ancient Xinjiang mitogenomes reveal intense admixture with high genetic diversity." Science Advances 7, no. 14 (March 2021): eabd6690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd6690.
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Xinjiang is a key region in northwestern China, connecting East and West Eurasian populations and cultures for thousands of years. To understand the genetic history of Xinjiang, we sequenced 237 complete ancient human mitochondrial genomes from the Bronze Age through Historical Era (41 archaeological sites). Overall, the Bronze Age Xinjiang populations show high diversity and regional genetic affinities with Steppe and northeastern Asian populations along with a deep ancient Siberian connection for the Tarim Basin Xiaohe individuals. In the Iron Age, in general, Steppe-related and northeastern Asian admixture intensified, with North and East Xinjiang populations showing more affinity with northeastern Asians and South Xinjiang populations showing more affinity with Central Asians. The genetic structure observed in the Historical Era of Xinjiang is similar to that in the Iron Age, demonstrating genetic continuity since the Iron Age with some additional genetic admixture with populations surrounding the Xinjiang region.
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Yan, Dongmei, Dongyan Wang, Shuangli Zhu, Yong Zhang, Xiaolei Li, Haishu Tang, Jing Guan, and Wenbo Xu. "Immunogenicity of Oral Polio Vaccine and Salk Inactive Polio Vaccine Against Xinjiang Imported Type 1 Wild Poliovirus." Clinical Infectious Diseases 70, no. 9 (June 25, 2019): 1980–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz549.
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Abstract Background An outbreak of an imported Type 1 wild poliovirus from Pakistan occurred in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in 2011, although the local immunity status of the oral polio vaccine (OPV) was relatively satisfied. Methods Neutralizing antibody titers against the Xinjiang strain and Sabin 1 strain were measured in 237 sera from 3 groups of fully OPV-vaccinated persons and 1 group of infants fully vaccinated with the inactive polio vaccine (IPV). Additionally, 17 sera collected from 1 Xinjiang poliomyelitis case and his 16 contacts were also tested. Genomic sequencing was conducted the Xinjiang strain. Results The antibody titers against the Xinjiang strain in each of 237 sera were significantly lower than those against the Sabin 1 strain. Notably, 40.0% of children in Group 1 were seronegative against the Xinjiang strain, which indicated that they might play an important role in wild poliovirus transmission, although their antibody titers against the Sabin 1 strain varied between 1:8 and 1:512. Meanwhile, serological results of the Xinjiang poliomyelitis case and his contacts also provided evidence that a proportion of OPV-vaccinated children had indeed been involved in the transmission chain of the Xinjiang outbreak. Genomic sequencing indicated that the Xinjiang strain was greatly distinguishable from the Sabin 1 strain in neutralizing antigenic sites. Conclusion The lack of neutralizing antibodies against the Xinjiang strain in persons vaccinated by OPV may be associated with the transmission of Type 1 wild poliovirus in Xinjiang. Using Salk IPV along with OPV might be considered in a wild poliovirus outbreak response, especially in the countries which continued to have persistent wild poliovirus circulation.
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Li, H. J., D. X. Liu, L. Li, Z. G. Liu, F. Qing, S. L. Lo, Q. S. Kang, et al. "Hemoglobinopathies in Xinjiang." Hemoglobin 10, no. 4 (January 1986): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03630268608996875.
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Chen, Yu-Wen. "‘Xinjiang 13’ revisited." Asian Ethnicity 13, no. 1 (January 2012): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14631369.2012.649612.
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Morrison, Peter. "Islam in Xinjiang." Religion in Communist Lands 13, no. 3 (December 1985): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637498508431205.
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Steele, Liza, and Raymond Kuo. "Terrorism in Xinjiang?" Ethnopolitics 6, no. 1 (March 2007): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449050600917072.
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Li, Furong, Jiake Qin, and Xinzhi Ma. "Research on the Evaluation of Enterprise Competitiveness Based on AHP-Entropy TOPSIS Method—Take Xinjiang Listed Companies as An Example." Frontiers in Management Science 1, no. 2 (October 2022): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/fms.2022.10.02.
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The study takes all listed companies in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the three years from 2018 to 2020 as the research sample, establishes the evaluation index system of the competitiveness of listed companies in Xinjiang, collects and organizes the values of each index using the data disclosed by listed companies in Xinjiang, assigns weights to the evaluation indexes at all levels using AHP-entropy weighting method, and combines TOPSIS method to evaluate the comprehensive competitiveness of listed companies in Xinjiang. The ranking of the comprehensive competitiveness of listed companies in Xinjiang in 2018, 2019 and 2020 is obtained respectively, and the comprehensive competitiveness of listed companies in Xinjiang is evaluated and analyzed from four dimensions of scale strength, development potential, operation capacity and social responsibility of each enterprise, in order to reflect the current situation, characteristics and trends of the development of listed companies in Xinjiang in the pressure of economic downturn of the new crown epidemic.
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Yang, Airong, and Yong Xia. "Analysis of Policy Financial Assets Model under the Concept of Rural Revitalization in Xinjiang." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 5 (September 30, 2021): 4172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.5.1.193.
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In recent years, with the rapid development of rural finance in Xinjiang, the problem of resource allocation and support has become increasingly prominent, which restricts the development of rural economy in Xinjiang. Based on this, this paper combs the policy financial asset model under the concept of Rural Revitalization in Xinjiang, and defines the concept of rural financial deepening. This paper analyzes the current situation of rural financial deepening in Xinjiang, and theoretically explains the reasons of rural financial repression in Xinjiang. This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of financial deepening and carries out empirical analysis. The results show that the total financial investment in Xinjiang has played an important role in promoting the deepening of rural finance, and the effect is very obvious. However, in the process of rural financial deepening in Xinjiang, the two dimensions of financial structure and financial efficiency did not play their due role, but became obstacles to its deepening.
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Sun, Hao Jie, and Xue Gang Chen. "Research on Status and Problems of Environment of Mountain’s Lake Tourism Attractions in Xinjiang." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.767.
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As the Internet technology develops, tourist e-commerce in China develops rapidly, and Xinjiang enjoys an advantage in developing e-commerce. Through analyzing the status quo of tourist development in Xinjiang and the actual application of e-commerce in tourism, this text points out the problems and shortcomings of Xinjiang tourist e-commerce, aiming to provide reference for the development of Xinjiang tourist e-commerce.
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Sun, Hao Jie, and Yong Li. "Research on Status and Problems of Tourism E-Commerce in Xinjiang." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.771.
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As the Internet technology develops, tourism e-commerce in China develops rapidly, and Xinjiang enjoys an advantage in developing e-commerce. Through analyzing the status of tourism development in Xinjiang and the actual application of e-commerce in tourism, this text points out the problems and shortcomings of Xinjiang tourism e-commerce, aiming to provide reference for the development of Xinjiang tourism e-commerce.
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Kataev, B. M., and H. B. Liang. "New and interesting records of ground beetles of the tribe Harpalini from China (Coleoptera: Carabidae)." Zoosystematica Rossica 13, no. 2 (July 11, 2005): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2004.13.2.209.
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New data about distribution of 17 species of the tribe Harpalini in China are provided. The following eight species are recorded from China for the first time: Dicheirotrichus coreanus Mlynář, 1974 (Inner Mongolia and Hebei), Loxoncus nagpurensis (Bates, 1891) (Yunnan), Harpalus ussuricus Mlynář, 1979 (Hebei), H. solitaris Dejean, 1829 (Jilin), H. servus (Duftschmid, 1812) (Xinjiang), H. inexspectatus Kataev, 1989 (Xinjiang), H. akinini Tschitschйrine, 1895 (Xinjiang), and Ophonus laticollis Mannerheim, 1825 (Xinjiang).
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Xie, Pei, Xiaohui Lei, Yuhu Zhang, Mingna Wang, Ihnsup Han, and Qiuhua Chen. "Cluster analysis of drought variation and its mutation characteristics in Xinjiang province, during 1961–2015." Hydrology Research 49, no. 4 (March 7, 2018): 1016–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2018.105.
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Abstract The Xinjiang province of China is vulnerable to drought, but the occurrence of drought varies substantially among different sub-areas. This study investigated drought characteristics in Xinjiang province and its sub-area using the Mann–Kendall trend test, cluster analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis. The results show that drought in Xinjiang is generally becoming less severe, and there is a non-uniform spatial variation of drought, which is especially pronounced for stations in northern Xinjiang. There is a unique spatiotemporal distribution trend of drought in Xinjiang, and the inter-decadal variation of drought shows a gradual shift from the east to the west and then back to the east again over the past 55 years. Northern Xinjiang is becoming wetter at a faster rate compared with that of southern Xinjiang, and it also has a higher occurrence of change point sites (70%). The historical drought situation in Xinjiang is better characterized by three clusters. Cluster 1 is the driest, cluster 2 has a clear alleviating tendency of drought, while cluster 3 shows late occurrence of change point. A broader view of the accumulated variation of drought is formulated in this study, which may help to identify potential droughts to support drought disaster management and mitigation.
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Fang, Dan, and Wan Yu Wang. "Comparative Analysis of Carrying Capacity of Water Resources in all Regions in Xinjiang." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 2175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.2175.
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With the socioeconomic development and continuous increasing of population, the water resources shortage is increasingly serious in recent years and that in arid and semi-arid regions of Xinjiang is even more serious. Principal component analysis method is used to horizontally compare and analyze carrying capacity of water resources in all prefectures (municipalities) in Xinjiang from the perspective of spatial dimension in accordance with economic development and conditions of water resources of all prefectures (municipalities) in Xinjiang in 2010. The study result shows that the carrying capacity of water resources in Xinjiang shows drastic difference in space. Comprehensive score of 5 regions in South Xinjiang is high on the whole, indicating that natural conditions such as natural endowment of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of Xinjiang have great impact on the carrying capacity of water resources.
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Yang, Ruting, and Bing Xing. "Teleconnections of Large-Scale Climate Patterns to Regional Drought in Mid-Latitudes: A Case Study in Xinjiang, China." Atmosphere 13, no. 2 (January 29, 2022): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13020230.
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Drought is one of the most important environmental disasters. Assessment of the effects of oceanic atmospheric oscillations upon regional drought behavior has valuable implications for water resources management, especially for arid regions. This study aims to explore the climate drivers of drought conditions in Xinjiang, an arid region in mid-latitude Asia. Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was adopted to describe drought variation over Xinjiang during the period of 1951–2020. Teleconnection effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), and Arctic Oscillation (AO) on Xinjiang drought variability were analyzed based on cross-correlation and stepwise regression methods. Partial correlation analysis was applied to discuss the responding mechanism of drought behavior to teleconnection signals from the perspective of regional climate factors. Findings from this study indicate that synchronous ENSO featured by Nino3.4 index has a significant positive correlation with Xinjiang dry/wet variation. El Niño may favor to wetness in Xinjiang, while La Niña may exacerbate drought effect in the region. ENSO mainly acts on the short-term drought variability in Xinjiang region. The synchronous PDO makes a leading contribution on drought variation at 12-month time scale among the four signals. The significant positive correlation between PDO and drought variation suggests that positive-phase (negative-phase) PDO may contribute to wetting (drying) epochs in Xinjiang region. AMO indicates a significant negative correlation with Xinjiang drought on both synchronous and asynchronous modes. Positive (negative) phase AMO may favor to dry (wet) effects in Xinjiang. AMO appears a predominant teleconnection effect on long-term drought variability, and fluctuates a persistent anti-phase mode with Xinjiang dry/wet variability since the mid-1980s. AO mainly acts on short-term drought fluctuations, indicating a significant negative correlation with drought behavior within a 12-month moving time window. Positive (negative) phase AO may contribute to dry (wet) epochs over Xinjiang. ENSO and PDO affect short-term dry/wet variation mainly through the teleconnection effect on precipitation variability. AMO mainly influences Xinjiang drought evolution by acting on regional temperature variation. The influence of internal atmospheric variability on regional climate behavior has a delayed effect, and drought variability is affected by precursor pattern of teleconnection likewise.
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Wan, Qiong, Junmin Liang, Yong Luo, and Zhanhong Ma. "Population Genetic Structure of Puccinia striiformis in Northwestern China." Plant Disease 99, no. 12 (December 2015): 1764–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-15-0144-re.
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Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat in China. Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Gansu Provinces, located in the northwest of China, are the key regions for interregional epidemics of wheat stripe rust due to their geographic as well as crop-planting features, in relation to pathogen’s life cycle, reproduction, and population genetics. To study the population genetic structures of the pathogen in these areas, 217 isolates of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici were collected from different geographic locations at various elevations in the three provinces. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotypes and virulence phenotypes were analyzed for Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Gansu populations. Frequent genotypic exchanges between Xinjiang and Qinghai and between Qinghai and Gansu populations were detected, demonstrating that the populations of Xinjiang and Gansu may not be completely isolated. Genotypic diversity in Gansu Province was much higher than that in Xinjiang or Qinghai Province. The Xinjiang population was genetically closer to the Qinghai population than to the Gansu population. The race dynamic patterns in Qinghai were consistent with those in Gansu but the similar component pattern of the race dynamics in Xinjiang appeared late, following those in Gansu and other interior epidemic regions of China. No significant correlation between the AFLP genetic distance and the virulence distance in the Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Gansu populations was determined. A possible recombination signature of the pathogen population was detected in Gansu population and some subpopulations in Qinghai but not in Xinjiang population.
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Gul, Shabnam, Ali Khan, and Aftab Alam. "China's Built and Road Initiative: Challenges and Opportunities in Xinjiang." Global Economics Review V, no. II (June 30, 2020): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(v-ii).06.
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China's peaceful ascent has had a significant impact on the global economic system. There are two major reasons for this: the first and most important is Beijing's peaceful expansionist policies, and the second is its advanced industries and technologies. Their goal is to dominate global raw materials as well as the market through their goods. China has been working hard to promote built-and-road policies around the world in order to attain these aims, but it is also confronting various intra- and inter-level possibilities and obstacles. The purpose of this article is to analyse the Built-Road and the Sino-Pak economic corridor in general, as well as the obstacles and prospects for China's Xinjiang province in particular. Xinjiang's ambitious economic development plan calls for more than $8 billion in spending over the next five years alone. Its goal is to fully integrate Xinjiang into China's booming economy and absorb its people as equal citizens of the multi-ethnic state ruled by Beijing.
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Kam, Stefanie, and Michael Clarke. "Securitization, surveillance and ‘de-extremization’ in Xinjiang." International Affairs 97, no. 3 (May 2021): 625–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiab038.
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Abstract Previous explanations on China's counterterrorism strategy have highlighted the results of China's strategy of repression in Xinjiang, the historical antecedents and institutional foundations of its counterterrorism policies, as well as international and domestic sources of China's counterterrorism strategy. While acknowledging the importance of all these dimensions, this article draws attention to a largely neglected feature of China's counterterrorism strategy: the Chinese party-state's social engineering of Xinjiang. Building on Maoist-era practices such as the mass line and the ‘friend vs. enemy’ binary, the Communist party under Xi Jinping has integrated surveillance technologies as part of its strategy of preventive counterterrorism and ‘de-extremization’. This article argues that the Chinese party-state's embrace of modern technologies, a weak liberal tradition in China, Xi Jinping's rise to power in late 2012, and the appointment of Chen Quanguo as Xinjiang's party-secretary in 2016, provides the socio-political background for the intensification of securitization, surveillance and introduction of ‘re-education and training centres’ in Xinjiang. Surveillance technologies now complement collective, face-to-face methods of surveillance and Maoist-era techniques of mass mobilization, enabling the Chinese party-state to govern and manage the biopolitical spaces of Uyghurs with greater intensity, according to the state's precise norms. The legalization and institutionalization of ‘de-extremization’ has also led to the shift from mass ‘de-extremization’ propaganda to ‘drip-irrigation’ ideological and political re-education of individuals deemed at risk of extremism. The result is an increased capacity by the Chinese party-state to surveil and control the region, and to more effectively negate the possibility of individual resistance.
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Xiao, Bai, Kong Na, and Zhang Rong. "Research on the Transformation and Upgrading of Xinjiang Jujube Industry in the Context of “Silk Road Economic Belt”." E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021): 02027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123502027.
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Jujube planting in Xinjiang, China began in 1985, and then entered the rapid development stage of planting. By 2012, Xinjiang became the main jujube producing area in China. Due to its geographical advantage, jujube in Xinjiang, China is of high quality and has become another agricultural product with Chinese Xinjiang characteristics. However, jujube production in China has declined since 2013.Although China’s Xinjiang planting area is still expanding, the price of jujube has been affected by a significant decline, and has been maintained at a low level in recent years. Farmers’ income has decreased, and the bottleneck of jujube industry development has become prominent. Therefore, industrial transformation and upgrading is imminent. This paper combines in-depth analysis of jujube related data from 2007 to 2016, finds out the existing problems, and proposes the path for the transformation and upgrading of the jujube industry in Xinjiang, China. It aims to break through the bottleneck of jujube industry development and promote the healthy development of the industry.
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Li, Jieying, Longfei Chen, Jinwei Li, Zhenhua Duan, Song Zhu, and Liuping Fan. "The Composition Analysis of Maca (Lepidium meyeniiWalp.) from Xinjiang and Its Antifatigue Activity." Journal of Food Quality 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2904951.
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Environment would affect the nutritional composition of maca, especially its secondary metabolite. The chemical compositions and function of Xinjiang maca were not very clear. The chemical compositions and bioactivity of Xinjiang maca were determined. A mouse model was also used to evaluate the antifatigue activity of Xinjiang maca as a forced swimming test was performed and certain biochemical parameters related were estimated. The results show that the Xinjiang maca is rich in protein content and amino acids, especially branched chain amino acids such as Valine and Isoleucine related to the effect of antifatigue. It also has considerable minerals ions such as Ca and Mg. Besides, bioactive ingredients such as maca amide, glucosinolate, and alkaloid of Xinjiang maca are similar to those of maca from other areas, which qualify the biological value of Xinjiang maca. The results of mice model suggest that maca has a dose-dependent antifatigue activity by decreasing blood lactic acid, as well as increasing liver glycogen content and the forced swimming time.
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Liu, Yi, Yi Li, Linchao Li, and Chunyan Chen. "Spatiotemporal Variability of Monthly and Annual Snow Depths in Xinjiang, China over 1961–2015 and the Potential Effects." Water 11, no. 8 (August 12, 2019): 1666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11081666.
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The spatiotemporal variability of snow depth supplies important information for snow disaster prevention. The monthly and annual snow depths and weather data (from Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory) at 102 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, China over 1961–2015 were used to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of snow depths from different aspects. The empirical orthogonal function (EOF), the modified Mann–Kendall method, Morlet wavelet, Daubechies wavelet decomposition and cross wavelet transform were applied to investigate the trend and significance, spatial structure, periods, decomposed series and coherence of monthly and annual snow depths. The results indicated that: (1) The value of EOF first spatial mode (EOF1) of the monthly and annual snow depths in north Xinjiang were larger than south Xinjiang, indicating greater variability of snow depths in north Xinjiang. (2) The change points of annual snow depth mainly occurred during 1969–1979 and 1980–1990. The annual snow depth of most sites showed increasing trends, but with different slope magnitudes. (3) The sites that had main periods of 2–8 and 9–14 years of monthly and annual snow depths (detected by the Morlet wavelet) mainly distributed in northern Xinjiang. The sites that had main periods of 15–20 years of monthly and annual snow depths mainly distributed in southwestern Xinjiang. (4) By using the Daubechies wavelet, the decomposed annual snow depth in entire Xinjiang tended to increase. (5) Through the cross wavelet transform, annual snow depths in entire Xinjiang had good correlations with annual precipitation or relative humidity, and showed a low negative correlation with minimum temperature or sunshine hours. In conclusion, the monthly and annual snow depths had comprehensive spatiotemporal variability but had overall increasing trend during 1961–2015.
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Dawut, Ablat, and Yingjie Tian. "Competitiveness of Xinjiang’s mutton industry based on diamond model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 28, 2021): e0257669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257669.
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In recent years, Xinjiang mutton production has experienced a growth trend; however, it cannot meet the new consumer demand. Based on Michael Porter’s “diamond model,” this study presents a case study on the Xinjiang mutton industry in China and establishes an index system for the competitiveness of the industry. The competitiveness of the mutton industry is analyzed quantitatively via correlation analysis and principal component analysis by investigating the relevant data of 10 Chinese provinces topping in mutton production. On account of the related elements of the diamond model, a qualitative analysis is also performed. The quantitative analysis shows that among the 10 provinces (regions) topping in mutton production in China, Inner Mongolia wins in competitiveness, followed by Xinjiang, and Henan ranks at the bottom. The qualitative analysis shows that the Xinjiang mutton industry is inferior in three main factors compared to its competitors, and these are the production factors related to and supporting the industries and the enterprise strategies. Xinjiang performs moderately in terms of the auxiliary government factors. However, Xinjiang is in an advantageous position with respect to the main factors of demand conditions and auxiliary elements of opportunities. Given the existing problems, this study discusses the main reasons for the lack of competitiveness of the Xinjiang mutton industry. It also puts forward some strategic suggestions to enhance the competitiveness of the Xinjiang mutton industry based on the six elements of diamond model.