Journal articles: 'WSe₂'

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D, Khureldavaa, Odontuya G, Tsiiregzen A, Oyuntsetseg D, Daariimaa B, and Amarsanaa B. "Comparative study of the chemical composition of submineral water from the central and east part of Mongolia." Bulletin of Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, no. 5 (November 30, 2018): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/bicct.v0i5.1071.

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We conducted the study of physico-chemical characteristics as hydrochemical composition and micro-elements in submineral water samples from Khuvsgul (WS1, WS2), Arkhangai (WS3-WS5), Khentii (WS6-WS11) and Dornogovi (WS12) provinces in 2017 and 2018. The pH data of submineral water in the Central part (WS1-WS5) were determined as 7.21 to 7.65, but in the East part (WS6-WS12) were showed less acidic as 5.68 to 7.86. The elec-trical conductivity (EC) and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in submineral water samples were ranged from 10.1 to 56.5 mS/m and -236 to 184 mV, respectively. Specifically, ORP in samples WS1, WS8 and WS10 were -236 mV, -22 mV and -56 mV, which are indicates the reducing property of samples. The hydrogeochemical results indicate that WS1-WS4 and WS6 submineral water are belong to the HCO3-Ca-Mg type, but WS5, WS7-WS10 and WS12 are belong to the HCO3-Ca-Mg-Na type water. The WS11 submineral water is alone belonging to the HCO3-Na-Ca type. Based on the geochemical compositions, the all studied submineral water were belong to the rock dominating area which were enriched by rock-water interaction. The radioactivity concentrations of 222Rn and its decay products 214Pb and 214Bi in samples WS11 and WS12 were 241-339 Bq/l and 307-315 Bq/l, 268-371 Bq/l, respectively. Thus, such submineral water is classifying to the radon-containing mineral water. Төвийн болон зүүн бүсийн рашаан төст булгуудын химийн найрлагын харьцуулсан судалгаа Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгаагаар Хөвсгөл (WS1, WS2), Архангай (WS3-WS5), Хэнтий (WS6-WS11), Дорноговь (WS12) аймгуудын 2017, 2018 онуудад цуглуулсан рашаант төст булгуудын усны дээжинд физик-химийн үзүүлэлт болон микроэлементүүдийн шинжилгээ хийж, химийн найрлагыг тодорхойлсон. Төвийн бүсийн рашаант төст (WS1-WS5) булгуудын ус нь саармагаас сул шүлтлэг (рН-7.21-7.65) байхад зүүн бүсийн рашаант төст (WS6-WS12) булгуудын ус нь сул хүчиллэгээс сул шүлтлэг орчинтой (5.68-7.86) байгаа ба цахилгаан дамжуулах чанар (EC) нь 10.1-56.5 mS/m, исэлдэн ангижрах потенциал (ORP) -236-184 mV байна. Эдгээрээс WS1, WS8, WS10 зэрэг рашаан төст булгийн усанд ORP нь -236 mV, -22 mV, -56 mV илэрсэн нь бусад рашаан төст булгуудаасаа ихээхэн онцлогтой бөгөөд эдгээр уснууд нь ангижрах шинж чанартай байгааг илтгэж байна. WS1-WS4, WS6 зэрэг рашаант төст булгийн ус нь HCO3-Ca-Mg-ийн төрлийн байхад WS5, WS7-10, WS12 рашаан төст булгийн уснууд нь HCO3-Ca-Mg-Na-ийн төрлийн холимог найрлагатай, харин зөвхөн WS11 рашаан төст булгийн ус нь HCO3-Na-Ca-ийн төрлийн усны ангилалд тус тус багтаж байгааг тодорхойлсон. Судалгаанд хамрагдсан рашаан төст булгуудын ус нь Гиббсийн диаграмаар чулуулаг давамгайлсан бүсэд оршиж байгаа бөгөөд эдгээр рашаан төст булгууд нь ус-чулуулгийн харилцан үйлчлэлд орж байгааг харуулж байна. WS11 болон WS12 рашаан төст булгуудын усанд цацраг идэвхит 222Rn (241-339 Бк/л) болон түүний задралын бүтээгдэхүүн болох 214Pb (307-315 Бк/л), 214Bi (268-371 Бк/л) илэрсэн нь бусад рашаан төст булгуудаас онцлог бөгөөд радонтай рашааны ангилалд хамаарагдаж байна.Түлхүүр үг: Рашаан төст булаг, микроэлемент, химийн найрлага, цацраг идэвх, радон

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Zhang, Zheng-Zheng, Dong Tian, Ji-Ning Gao, Xue-Mei Qin, and Zhen-Yu Li. "Evaluation of the water soluble extractive of astragali radix with different growth patterns using 1H-NMR spectroscopy." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 70, no. 9-10 (September 1, 2015): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2015-5018.

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Abstract Astragali radix (AR), known in China as huangqi, is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. Water soluble extractive (WSE) values play an important role in the quality evaluation of herbal drugs. In this study, WSE of wild and cultivated AR were compared systematically. The WSE value of cultivated AR was significantly higher than that of the wild AR, and their UV-absorbance in the range of 250–400 nm was also different. The chemical compositions of different WSE were further compared by 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis. Results from the principal component analysis and the hierarchical cluster analysis showed a clear separation between the WSEs of wild and cultivated AR. The differential metabolites responsible for the separation were identified by orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis and recursive support vector machine. The WSE of wild AR contained more arginine, valine, threonine, asparagine, succinate, and glutamine, while the cultivated AR contained more sucrose. Thus, the WSE can be used as a simple and reliable method for discrimination of wild and cultivated ARs, and the results obtained in this study extend the potential use of WSE in the quality evaluation of herbal drugs.

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Kadlag, R. B., P. P. Pawase, N. R. Gatkal, J. K. Khurdal, and S. M. Nalawade. "Hypsometric Analysis of Watershed using Geographical Information System." Journal of Agriculture Research and Technology 47, no. 02 (2022): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.56228/jart.2022.47221.

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Hypsometry of drainage basins (area-elevation analysis) has generally been used to reveal the stages of geomorphic development (stabilized, mature and young). In the present study, Kanoli river watershed located in Nashik district of Maharashtra was considered as the study area. The watershed was delineated into seven sub-watersheds and hypsometric analysis was carried out for all of them using the digital contour map, which was generated using Arc/Info GIS. In analysis, a curve is derived by plotting the relative heights (h/H) and relative areas (a/A); the obtained curve is called as hypsometric curve. The area under the Hypsometric curve is the Hypsometric Integral (HI). The hypsometric integral values for all of the sub-watersheds of Kanoli river ranges between 0.45 and 0.88. It was observed from HI that the sub-watersheds WS2, WS4, WS6 are in the mature stage and moving toward the deteriorating stage. The sub-watershed WS3 yielded higher hypsometric integral value, explaining its late youthful stage which calls for suitable measures of soil and water conservation. Further, sub-watersheds WS1, WS5 and WS7 have got very high value of hypsometric integral which takes them to young stage i.e. very susceptible to erosion. Therefore, these sub-watersheds are more prone to subsequent erosion activities and needs immediately appropriate soil and water conservation measures

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Mitchell, Kim M., Kendra L. Rieger, and Diana E. McMillan. "A Template Analysis of Writing Self-Efficacy Measures." Journal of Nursing Measurement 25, no. 2 (2017): 205–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.25.2.205.

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Background and Purpose: This investigation reviews the item content of writing self-efficacy (WSE) measures developed for undergraduate students. Bandura’s self-efficacy theory and a writing theory by Flower and Hayes informed the a priori themes used to develop a template of WSE categories critical to the concept. Method: Articles describing WSE measures were identified through Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (1984–2015). A template analysis method was used to analyze 182 individual items present on 11 WSE instruments. A nursing perspective was applied. Results: The analysis identified 16 categories influencing WSE as well as gaps in current measurement items. Conclusion: The theoretical examination of WSE is the first step toward the development of a WSE measure specific to the nursing context and contributes to nursing education by advancing the measurement of WSE.

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Khan, Rafiullah, Muhammad Arshad Islam, Mohib Ullah, Muhammad Aleem, and Muhammad Azhar Iqbal. "Privacy Exposure Measure: A Privacy-Preserving Technique for Health-Related Web Search." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 9, no. 6 (August 1, 2019): 1196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2019.2709.

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The increasing use of web search engines (WSEs) for searching healthcare information has resulted in a growing number of users posting personal health information online. A recent survey demonstrates that over 80% of patients use WSE to seek health information. However, WSE stores these user's queries to analyze user behavior, result ranking, personalization, targeted advertisements, and other activities. Since health-related queries contain privacy-sensitive information that may infringe user's privacy. Therefore, privacy-preserving web search techniques such as anonymizing networks, profile obfuscation, private information retrieval (PIR) protocols etc. are used to ensure the user's privacy. In this paper, we propose Privacy Exposure Measure (PEM), a technique that facilitates user to control his/her privacy exposure while using the PIR protocols. PEM assesses the similarity between the user's profile and query before posting to WSE and assists the user in avoiding privacy exposure. The experiments demonstrate 37.2% difference between users' profile created through PEM-powered-PIR protocol and other usual users' profile. Moreover, PEM offers more privacy to the user even in case of machine-learning attack.

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Babar, Zahir Uddin Mohammed, Irwandi Jaswir, Mohd Hafidz Mahamad Maifiah, Soraya Ismail, Raha Ahmad Raus, Abu Montakim Tareq, Foyazul Ahfter, et al. "The Thrombolytic and Cytotoxic Effects of Nigella sativa (L.) Seeds: The Prophetic Medicine." International Journal of Halal Research 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijhr.2.2.70-77.2020.

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The Water-Soluble Extract (WSE) is a crude bioactive phytoconstituent of Nigella sativa (L.) seeds discovered recently. The current findings report about the thrombolytic and cytotoxic effects of WSE using human blood clot lysis and brine shrimp lethality (BSL) bioassay. The thrombolytic effect of WSE (1,666.67 µg/mL) was determined via the clot and lysate weight measurements compared to streptokinase (STK) of 30,000 IU/mL and normal saline (NS) while the cytotoxicity of WSE (44.14-2,000 µg/mL) against vincristine sulfate (VCS;3.125-100 µg/mL). WSE has shown extremely statistically significant (p<0.0001) clot lysis (90.00%) compared to NS (3.76%) whilst it was also significantly different (p<0.0063) to STK (72.41%) exhibiting LC50 of 1,795.90 µg/mL vs. VCS (39.25 µg/mL) in a dose-dependent manner. The current results suggested WSE has a potent thrombolytic effect with mild dose-dependent cytotoxicity towards brine shrimp nauplii (Artemia salina). It also suggested WSE might have enzymatic roles on thrombin, fibrin, and plasmin of blood. This pharmacological action of WSE is might be due to its antioxidant property, short-chain fatty acids and/or amino acids. Further studies are highly recommended on the enzymatic role(s) and bioactive phytoconstituents of WSE.

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Deshwal, Gaurav Kr, Laura G. Gómez-Mascaraque, Mark Fenelon, and Thom Huppertz. "Soluble Salts in Processed Cheese Prepared with Citrate- and Phosphate-Based Calcium Sequestering Salts." Molecules 29, no. 15 (July 31, 2024): 3631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29153631.

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In this study, the protein and salts distribution (Ca, P, Na and Mg) in processed cheese (PC) samples prepared with 180 or 360 mEq/kg of the calcium sequestering salts (CSS) disodium phosphate (DSP), disodium pyrophosphate (DSPP), sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and trisodium citrate (TSC) was studied. For this purpose, a water-soluble extract (WSE) of PC samples was prepared. All PC samples contained 45–46% moisture, 26–27% fat and 20–21% protein and had a pH of 5.2 or 5.7. Ultracentrifugation slightly reduced the protein content of the WSE of PC, indicating that most protein in the WSE was non-sedimentable. At equal concentration of CSS, the protein content of the WSE was higher for PC at pH 5.7 compared to PC at pH 5.2. Approximately 55–85% of the Ca and P in the WSE of samples was 10 kDa-permeable for PC prepared with DSPP and SHMP. This suggests that the formation of non-permeable Ca–polyphosphate–casein complexes. For PC prepared with TSC, >90% of Ca in the WSE was 10 kDa-permeable, indicating that micellar disruption arises from sequestration of micellar Ca. These results indicate that the WSE method is an appropriate method to understand how salts present in PC are distributed. However, the WSE and ultracentrifugal supernatant of the WSE can include both soluble and protein-associated salts. Therefore, determining levels of salts in 10 kDa permeate of ultracentrifugal supernatant of the WSE is most appropriate.

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Jung, Kyoung-Sim, Jin-Hwa Jung, Hyung-Soo Shin, Jae-Young Park, Tae-Sung In, and Hwi-Young Cho. "The Effects of Taping Combined with Wrist Stabilization Exercise on Pain, Disability, and Quality of Life in Postpartum Women with Wrist Pain: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 30, 2021): 3564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073564.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of wrist stabilization exercise combined with taping on wrist pain, disability, and quality of life in postpartum women with wrist pain. Forty-five patients with wrist pain were recruited and randomly divided into three groups: wrist stabilization exercise + taping therapy (WSE + TT) group (n = 15), wrist stabilization exercise (WSE) group (n = 15), and control group (n = 15). The WSE + TT and WSE groups performed wrist stabilization exercises for 40 min (once a day, five times a week for eight weeks), and the control group performed passive range of motion (P-ROM) exercise for the same amount of time. Additionally, the WSE + TT group attached taping to the wrist and forearm during the training period. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess pain level of the wrist. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) were used to evaluate the degree of wrist disability and quality of life, respectively. The WSE + TT group showed a significant decrease in wrist pain and functional disability compared to two groups (p < 0.05). Significant improvement in the SF-36 score was observed in the WSE + TT and WSE groups compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the WSE + TT and WSE groups in the SF-36. Our findings indicate that wrist stabilization exercise combined with taping is beneficial and effective in managing wrist pain and disability in postpartum women with wrist pain.

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Jiang, Liguang, Filippo Bandini, Ole Smith, Inger Klint Jensen, and Peter Bauer-Gottwein. "The Value of Distributed High-Resolution UAV-Borne Observations of Water Surface Elevation for River Management and Hydrodynamic Modeling." Remote Sensing 12, no. 7 (April 6, 2020): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12071171.

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Water level or water surface elevation (WSE) is an important state variable of rivers, lakes, and wetlands. Hydrodynamic models of rivers and streams simulate WSE and can benefit from spatially distributed WSE observations, to increase model reliability and predictive skill. This has been partially addressed by satellite radar altimetry, but satellite altimetry is unable to deliver useful data for small rivers. To overcome such limitations, we deployed a radar altimetry system on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), to map spatially distributed WSE. We showed that UAV altimetry can provide observations of WSE with a very high spatial resolution (ca. 0.5 m) and accuracy (ca. 3 cm), in a time-saving and cost-effective way. Furthermore, we investigated the value of this dataset for the calibration and validation of hydrodynamic models. Specifically, we introduced spatially distributed roughness parameters in a hydrodynamic model and estimated these parameters, using the observed WSE profiles along the stream as input. A case study was conducted in the Åmose stream, Denmark. The results showed that UAV-borne WSE can identify significant variations of the Manning–Strickler coefficients, along this small and highly vegetated stream and over time. Moreover, the model performed extremely well using distributed roughness coefficients, but it could not reproduce WSE satisfactorily using uniform roughness. We concluded that distributed roughness coefficients should be considered, especially for small vegetated rivers, to improve model performance, both locally and globally. Spatially distributed parameterizations of the effective channel roughness could be constrained with UAV-borne WSE. This study demonstrated for the first time that UAV-borne WSE can help to understand the variations of hydraulic roughness, and can support efficient river management and maintenance.

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Retnosari, Ekadewi, Siti Fatimah, and Miskiyah Miskiyah. "ENGARUH WORKPLACE STRECHING EXERCISE (WSE) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL DISORDER (MSDs) PADA BIDAN DALAM PERTOLONGAN PERSALINAN." Jambura Journal of Health Sciences and Research 5, no. 4 (August 30, 2023): 998–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.35971/jjhsr.v5i4.19503.

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Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) merupakan masalah kesehatan dan dapat berdampak berbahaya pada produktivitas kerja dan kualitas hidup para bidan dalam menolong persalinan. Hal ini dapat disebabkan posisi kerja yang janggal, manual handling dan berdiri dalam waktu lama. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah Workplace Streching Exercise (WSE) dengan melakukan peregangan dapat menguragi masalah MSDs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh WSE terhadap penurunan keluhan MSDs pada bidan. Temuan kebaruan penelitian ini penggunaan WSE untuk menurunkan keluah MSDs pada bidan. Desain yang digunakan adalah pre experiment pretest-posttest without control. Subjek penelitian ini adalah Bidan yang melakukan praktik sebagai bidan desa atau Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB) di wilayah Kerja Kecamatan Muara Enim yang mengalami keluhan MSDs. Subjek sebanyak 60 orang. Responden melakukan WSE dengan menggunakan checklist WSE. Pengukuran MsDs menggunakan Nordic Body Map Questionare (NBM). Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata skor Nordic body map adalah 33,27 (7,20) yang menunjukan keluhan MsDs sebelum penelitian. Rata-rata skor Nordic body map adalah 2,87 (1,84) yang menunjukan keluhan MsDs setelah penelitian. didapatkan penurunan keluhan MSDs sebanyak -30,40 (7,02) setelah dilakukan intervensi WSE, hasil uji statistic menunjukkan bahwa P-value 0,000 yang berarti bahwa ada pengaruh WSE terhadap penurunan keluhan MSDs pada bidan dalam pertolongan persalinan. Disimpulkan WSE dapat berpengaruh dalam menurunkan keluhan MSDs pada bidan dalam pertolongan persalinan. WSE dapat menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi masalah MsDs pada bidan saat menolong persalinan.

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Ge, Mei, Yan Su, Han Wang, Guohui Yang, and Junfeng Zhang. "Interface depended electronic and magnetic properties of vertical CrI3/WSe2 heterostructures." RSC Advances 9, no. 26 (2019): 14766–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01825e.

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Jang, Ah-Ra, Yun-Ji Lee, Dong-Yeon Kim, Tae-Sung Lee, Do-Hyeon Jung, Yeong-Jun Kim, In-Su Seo, et al. "Water Extract of Desalted Salicornia europaea Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Prevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice." Nutrients 15, no. 23 (November 30, 2023): 4968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15234968.

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Osteoporosis, which is often associated with increased osteoclast activity due to menopause or aging, was the main focus of this study. We investigated the inhibitory effects of water extract of desalted Salicornia europaea L. (WSE) on osteoclast differentiation and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Our findings revealed that WSE effectively inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, as demonstrated by TRAP staining, and also suppressed bone resorption and F-actin ring formation in a dose-dependent manner. The expression levels of genes related to osteoclast differentiation, including NFATc1, ACP5, Ctsk, and DCSTAMP, were downregulated by WSE. Oral administration of WSE improved bone density and structural parameters in ovariectomized mice. Dicaffeoylquinic acids (DCQAs) and saponins were detected in WSE, with 3,4-DCQA, 3,5-DCQA, and 4,5-DCQA being isolated and identified. All tested DCQAs, including the aforementioned types, inhibited osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption, and the expression of osteoclast-related genes. Furthermore, WSE and DCQAs reduced ROS production mediated by RANKL. These results indicate the potential of WSE and its components, DCQAs, as preventive or therapeutic agents against osteoporosis and related conditions.

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Castro, C., A. F. Cardona, N. Reguart, E. Carrasco-Chaumel, J. M. Otero, H. Carranza, C. Vargas, L. Reveiz, D. Torres, and G. Blumenschein. "Wood-smoke exposure (WSE) as a predictor of response and survival in erlotinib-treated advanced lung adenocarcinoma (ALA) patients (pts) (ONCOLGroup study)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e19052-e19052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e19052.

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e19052 Background: There is consistent information suggesting that long-term WSE constitutes a risk factor for lung cancer. More than 50 years of WSE was associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In Colombia the prevalence of WSE in areas having less economic development is approximately 24%. The aim of the study was to evaluate WSE as a predictor of response and survival in ALA pts. Methods: This study included 168 pts with ALA treated between 2002 and 2007 in four referring hospitals of Bogotá. Retrospectively, we estimated overall response rates (ORR), time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) in a subgroup of pts with significant WSE (exposure >5 years for at least 4 hours/day) treated with erlotinib, and compared them with the non-WSE population treated with the same compound. Results: Median age was 66 years (range, 29–96), 53% were female, 39% had never been smokers, 24% of all cohort pts had been considerably exposed to WS and 45 pts had received erlotinib during disease treatment (as 2nd or 3rd line). Sixteen of these pts (F11/M5, PS ≥70% 9 pts) had been exposed to WS and 29 not so (F17/M12, PS ≥70% 22 pts); 10 pts having WSE had been smoking for a mean of 14pk/yr history. ORR to erlotinib was 7% and 32% in pts with and without WSE respectively (p = 0.02). TTP was significantly higher in pts treated with erlotinib with no history of WSE (4.9 mo. vs 1.7 mo., p = 0.034). and in those who had received this compound as second-line (vs erlotinib used as third line, p = 0.044). Among pts with WSE history, OS was 6.6 mo. (range, 5.8–7.3) for those treated with Erlotinib and 12.7 mo. (range, 10.2–17) for those not treated with this compound (p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis was carried out for determining the factors influencing mortality between pts with WSE; only PS (HR: 4.6, 95%CI: 1.2–29, p = 0.050) and gender (HR: 3.6, 95%CI: 2.7–18, p = 0.036) were significant. Conclusions: WSE was associated with a poorer response and survival in ALA pts treated with erlotinib in Colombia. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Zhang, Yu, Jingwei Xiao, Xi Xie, Huanjun Chen, and Shaozhi Deng. "Layer dependence of the photoelectrochemical performance of a WSe2 photocathode characterized using in situ microscale measurements." RSC Advances 9, no. 53 (2019): 30925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra06297a.

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The performance of WSe₂ PEC cathode increased with decreasing number of layers. Monolayer WSe₂ exhibited best PEC characteristics and IPCE efficiency. The basal-plane of WSe₂ sheet had the same PEC catalytic activity with the edge sites.

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Zhang, Zhian, Xing Yang, and Yun Fu. "Nanostructured WSe2/C composites as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries." RSC Advances 6, no. 16 (2016): 12726–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra25645c.

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75.57% crystal WSe₂ nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on a carbon matrix to form WSe₂/C nanomaterials using a solid-state reaction. The WSe₂/C nanomaterials in sodium-ion batteries exhibit high discharge capacity and excellent cycling stability.

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LIMA, Gisiane R., Sérgio Henrique BORGES, Marina ANCIÃES, and Cintia CORNELIUS. "Ecomorphology and functional diversity of generalist and specialist bird assemblages in Amazonian white-sand ecosystem habitat patches." Acta Amazonica 53, no. 2 (June 2023): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202203280.

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ABSTRACT Birds that inhabit white-sand ecosystems (WSE) in the Amazon are adapted to habitats distributed as isolated patches. These environments occur in sandy soils that are extremely poor in nutrients, have low floristic diversity and support bird assemblages restricted to WSE. We investigated whether bird species specialized in WSE have morphological or ecological traits that distinguish them from generalist birds that share the same habitat but are not restricted to WSE. We collected morphological and ecological data from 22 specialist and 102 generalist bird species from WSE and described their ecomorphological diversity using multivariate analyses and measures of functional diversity. Understory insectivorous species that move alone or in pairs, were the group with the most species among specialist birds from WSE. In contrast, canopy frugivorous species that form mono- or heterospecific groups were more frequent among generalist species. Specialist and generalist birds overlapped extensively in ecomorphological space, with specialists occupying a narrower space compared to generalists. Functional diversity, however, was not different between specialist and generalist species when controlling for the number of species within the communities. Further studies comparing the ecomorphological diversity of bird assemblages of other environments in the Amazon may highlight the ecological pressures leading to the functional diversity of specialist species in WSE observed in this study.

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Ko, Jin-Sung, Bo-Yoon Chang, Young-Ju Choi, Ji-Soo Choi, Hee-Yeon Kwon, Jae-Yeon Lee, Sung-Yeon Kim, and Se-Young Choung. "Ashwagandha Ethanol Extract Attenuates Sarcopenia-Related Muscle Atrophy in Aged Mice." Nutrients 16, no. 1 (January 3, 2024): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16010157.

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The investigation focused on the impact of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) extract (WSE) on age-related mechanisms affecting skeletal muscle sarcopenia-related muscle atrophy in aged mice. Beyond evaluating muscular aspects, the study explored chronic low-grade inflammation, muscle regeneration, and mitochondrial biogenesis. WSE administration, in comparison to the control group, demonstrated no significant differences in body weight, diet, or water intake, affirming its safety profile. Notably, WSE exhibited a propensity to reduce epidermal and abdominal fat while significantly increasing muscle mass at a dosage of 200 mg/kg. The muscle-to-fat ratio, adjusted for body weight, increased across all treatment groups. WSE administration led to a reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, mitigating inflammation-associated muscle atrophy. In a 12-month-old mouse model equivalent to a 50-year-old human, WSE effectively preserved muscle strength, stabilized grip strength, and increased muscle tissue weight. Positive effects were observed in running performance and endurance. Mechanistically, WSE balanced muscle protein synthesis/degradation, promoted fiber differentiation, and enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis through the IGF-1/Akt/mTOR pathway. This study provides compelling evidence for the anti-sarcopenic effects of WSE, positioning it as a promising candidate for preventing sarcopenia pending further clinical validation.

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Yoon, Minho, and Jiyoul Lee. "Charge transfer doping with an organic layer to achieve a high-performance p-type WSe2 transistor." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 30 (2021): 9592–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc01780b.

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A WSe₂ FET with a top DNTT layer was fabricated and exhibited remarkable performances: decent on–off switching and high hole mobility. The deposition of DNTT on the WSe₂ induced the charge transfer from DNTT to WSe₂ and, thus, p-doping of the latter.

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Prihandoko, Lastika Ary, Ana Shohibul Manshur Al Ahmad, Fredy Fredy, and Fathu Rahman. "Multi-Regression Analysis of Factors Influencing Perceived Academic Writing Competence (PAWC) of Vocational School Students." OKARA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 2 (November 25, 2022): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19105/ojbs.v16i2.6928.

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Most upper-semester students who fail to graduate have an issue with their perceived academic writing competence (PAWC). PAWC is associated with writing self-efficacy (WSE) and writer's block (WB). Thus, improving WSE and decreasing WB are crucial for succeeding in the final project writing of the upper-semester students. Only limited studies focused on exploring academic writing practice for vocational students by survey strategy. This study used a quantitative approach to test the hypothesis that WSE and WB positively affect PAWC. Respondents were selected using random sampling involving 200 students from a vocational school in Surakarta. Respondents filled survey about PAWC, WSE, and WB consisting of 18 items. The hypothesis was tested by multiple regression analysis. The study results revealed that WSE and WB are positively correlated with PAWC. This research implies that faculty members are advised to focus on encouraging WSE and reducing WB to improve AW competence through curriculum improvements. With the increase in students' academic writing skills, the classic problem of late completion of studies due to late writing of the final project can be solved.

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Mathaba, Richard Siphamandla Ryan, and Nirmala Dorasamy. "Education within public management in South Africa: A focus on external Whole-School Evaluation process’ contribution in Mpumalanga province." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 3 (2015): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i3c1art6.

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The study focused on the role played by public sector management in South Africa towards the country’s total development and improvement. This article also analyses how through the Whole School Evaluation (WSE) process, the education system in South Africa seeks to ensure that the schooling is effective. This paper examines public management, public administration as well as new public management (NPM). The aim is to illustrate a view of how education fits in the broader public management and how the WSE process assists schooling in South Africa and Mpumalanga in particular. This is to ensure that the schooling is effective and contribute towards service delivery and the country’s overall development and improvement. Furthermore, WSE as a process, is viewed through five of NPM undisputable and debatable characteristics of accountability for performance; performance measurement; performance auditing; policy analysis and evaluation; and strategic planning and management. Public management functions and public management principles are discussed from a point of how the WSE process strives to ensure that it complies with these function and principles, and how this compliance benefit school improvement. This paper came to a number of conclusions regarding education within public management from a WSE perspective. Firstly, education through the external WSE process conforms to this principle of New Public Management in that evaluation is aimed at improving the quality of education. Also, the external WSE, as a process, and education in general, through the NPM principles can be performed within public management. Furthermore, external WSE conforms to public management principles as well as Batho Pele principles.

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Maccioni, Riccardo, Marcello Serra, Jacopo Marongiu, Filippo Cottiglia, Elias Maccioni, Valentina Bassareo, Micaela Morelli, Sanjay B. Kasture, and Elio Acquas. "Effects of docosanyl ferulate, a constituent of Withania somnifera, on ethanol- and morphine-elicited conditioned place preference and ERK phosphorylation in the accumbens shell of CD1 mice." Psychopharmacology 239, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 795–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-022-06069-w.

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Abstract Background Docosanyl ferulate (DF) is a behaviourally active GABAA receptor complex (GABAAR) agonist, recently isolated from the standardized methanolic extract of Withania somnifera Dunal (WSE) root. Previous studies have shown that WSE prevents both ethanol- and morphine-dependent acquisition and expression of conditioned place preference (CPP) and stimulation of dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh). Aims The study aimed at determining (a) whether DF contributes to WSE’s ability to affect the acquisition and expression of ethanol- and morphine-elicited CPP and, given that phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) in the AcbSh is involved in associative learning and motivated behaviours, (b) whether WSE and DF may affect ethanol- and morphine-induced ERKs phosphorylation in the AcbSh. Methods In adult male CD1 mice, DF’s effects on the acquisition and expression of ethanol- and morphine-elicited CPP were evaluated by a classical place conditioning paradigm, whereas the effects of WSE and DF on ethanol- and morphine-elicited pERK in the AcbSh were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results and conclusions The study shows that DF, differently from WSE, affects only the acquisition but not the expression of ethanol- and morphine-induced CPP. Moreover, the study shows that both WSE and DF can prevent ethanol- and morphine-elicited pERK expression in the AcbSh. Overall, these results highlight subtle but critical differences for the role of GABAARs in the mechanism by which WSE affects these ethanol- and morphine-dependent behavioural and molecular/cellular responses and support the suggestion of WSE and DF for the control of different components of drug addiction.

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Särkelä, Mika O. K., Miikka J. Ermes, Mark J. van Gils, Arvi M. Yli-Hankala, Ville H. Jäntti, and Anne P. Vakkuri. "Quantification of Epileptiform Electroencephalographic Activity during Sevoflurane Mask Induction." Anesthesiology 107, no. 6 (December 1, 2007): 928–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.anes.0000291444.68894.ee.

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Background Sevoflurane may induce epileptiform electroencephalographic activity leading to unstable Bispectral Index numbers, underestimating the hypnotic depth of anesthesia. The authors developed a method for the quantification of epileptiform electroencephalographic activity during sevoflurane anesthesia. Methods Electroencephalographic data from 60 patients under sevoflurane mask induction were used in the analysis. Electroencephalographic data were visually classified. A novel electroencephalogram-derived quantity, wavelet subband entropy (WSE), was developed. WSE variables were calculated from different frequency bands. Performance of the WSE in detection and quantification of epileptiform electroencephalographic activity and the ability of the WSE to recognize misleading Bispectral Index readings caused by epileptiform activity were evaluated. Results Two WSE variables were found to be sufficient for the quantification of epileptiform activity: WSE from the frequency bands 4-16 and 16-32 Hz. The lower frequency band was used for monophasic pattern monitoring, and the higher frequency band was used for spike activity monitoring. WSE values of the lower and higher bands followed the time evolution of epileptiform activity with prediction probabilities of 0.809 (SE, 0.007) and 0.804 (SE, 0.007), respectively. In deep anesthesia with epileptiform activity, WSE detected electroencephalographic patterns causing Bispectral Index readings greater than 60, with event sensitivity of 97.1%. Conclusions The developed method proved useful in detection and quantification of epileptiform electroencephalographic activity during sevoflurane anesthesia. In the future, it may improve the understanding of electroencephalogram-derived information by assisting in recognizing misleading readings of depth-of-anesthesia monitors. The method also may assist in minimizing the occurrence of epileptiform activity and seizures during sevoflurane anesthesia.

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Chen, Huihua, Hujun Li, Yige Wang, and Baoquan Cheng. "A Comprehensive Assessment Approach for Water-Soil Environmental Risk during Railway Construction in Ecological Fragile Region Based on AHP and MEA." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 24, 2020): 7910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197910.

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With China’s government facilitating railway projects, more railway lines inevitably pass through ecological fragile regions (EFRs). Railway construction activities in EFRs might cause detrimental impacts on the local water-soil environment (WSE), which is the basis of the local ecological system that if destroyed can induce secondary disasters. Studies on the WSE risk (WSER) during railway construction in EFRs are limited. As such, this study aims to offer preliminary insight into the WSER assessment of railway construction in EFRs. WSERs were identified firstly based on the literature review and field surveys, and thus a risk index framework for WSER assessment including 5 categories of WSERs and 16 second-order risks was established. Then a comprehensive quantitative assessment method was developed by integrating analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and matter-element analysis (MEA) to assess the overall WSERs of railway construction in EFRs. A case (i.e., the Mingan subproject of Hefei-Fuzhou railway) was selected to demonstrate and validate the developed approach. Results show that the proposed assessment approach can be applied to evaluate the WSERs during railway construction. In addition, the case study demonstrates that the risk of construction methods should be the key focus. Findings from this study enrich the knowledge body of sustainable railways and guide the project managers to conduct practical WSER assessment of railway construction.

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Pan, Feifei. "Accuracy Assessment of Estimated River Water Surface Elevations from Landsat 8 and 9 Imagery among Twenty Water Indices." Remote Sensing 16, no. 16 (August 20, 2024): 3054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16163054.

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A method for estimating river water surface elevation (WSE) from Landsat imagery using the river inundation area–water surface elevation (RIA-WSE) rating curve constructed from the U.S. Geological Survey Topobathymetric Elevation Model (TEM) data was developed and tested at six gauging stations along the Upper Mississippi River. Otsu’s automatic threshold selection algorithm was employed for the image classification and estimation of inundation areas within each predefined polygon around each gauging station. In addition to the commonly used green-band-based water indices, Landsat 8 and 9 OLI’s ultra-blue, blue, and red band-based water indices were also tested in this study, which resulted in twenty different water indices: NDWIv (Normalized Difference Water Index), MNDWI1v and MNDWI2v (Modified Normalized Difference Water Index), AWEIsv (Automatic Water Extraction Index with shadows), and AWEInsv (AWEI without shadows), where v represents the visible light band used in the water index. At each station, about 60–80 Landsat 8 or 9 images during 2013–2023 were used to assess the performances of the twenty water indices by comparing the estimated WSEs with the measured WSEs. The results showed that the ultra-blue or red band-based AWEIs yielded the most accurate estimations of WSEs among the twenty tested water indices.

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Theodorou, Georgios, and Ioannis Politis. "Leucocyte expression of genes implicated in the plasminogen activation cascade is modulated by yoghurt peptides." Journal of Dairy Research 83, no. 3 (August 2016): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029916000418.

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The urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA), its receptor (u-PAR) and the inhibitors of u-PA (PAI-1 and PAI-2) provide a multi-molecular system in leucocytes that exerts pleiotropic functions influencing the development of inflammatory and immune responses. The objective of the present study was to examine the ability of water soluble extracts (WSE) obtained from traditional Greek yoghurt made from bovine or ovine milk to modulate the expression of u-PA, u-PAR, PAI-1 and PAI-2 in ovine monocytes and neutrophils. WSE were obtained from 8 commercial traditional type Greek yoghurts made from ovine or bovine milk. WSE upregulated the expression of all 4 u-PA related genes in monocytes but the upregulation was much higher in the PAI-1 (10-fold) than in u-PA and u-PAR (3–4 fold) thus, shifting the system towards inhibition. In line with this observation, WSE reduced total and membrane-bound u-PA activity in monocytes. In neutrophils, WSE caused small (50–60%) but significant (P < 0·05) reductions in expression of u-PAR and PAI-2 but had no effect on expression of u-PA, PAI-1 and on total cell-associated and membrane-bound u-PA activity. WSE from yoghurts made from bovine or ovine milk were essentially equally effective in affecting the u-PA system except for the u-PAR gene in ovine neutrophils that was affected (reduced) by the ovine and not the bovine WSE. In conclusion, peptides present in WSE modulated the expression of u-PA related genes but the effect was much more prominent in monocytes than in neutrophils.

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Xia, Linlin, Yanke Tan, Chongyin Li, and Cheng Cheng. "The Classification of Synoptic-Scale Eddies at 850 hPa over the North Pacific in Wintertime." Advances in Meteorology 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4797103.

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Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) is applied to the study of the synoptic-scale eddies at 850 hPa over the North Pacific in winter from 1948 to 2010. The western developing pattern synoptic-scale eddies (WSE) and the eastern developing pattern synoptic-scale eddies (ESE) are extracted from the first four leading modes of EOF analysis of high-pass filtered geopotential height. The results show the following: (1) The WSE and the ESE both take the form of a wave train propagating eastward. The WSE reach their largest amplitude around the dateline in the North Pacific, while the largest amplitude of ESE occurs in the northeast Pacific. (2) The WSE and ESE are the most important modes of the synoptic-scale eddies at 850 hPa over the North Pacific, which correspond to the two max value centers of the storm track. (3) In addition to geopotential height, the WSE and the ESE also leave their wave-like footprints in the temperature, meridional wind, and vertical velocity fields, which assume typical baroclinic wave features. (4) The WSE and the ESE have an intrinsic time scale of four days and experience a “midwinter suppression” corresponding to the midwinter suppression of storm tracks.

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Xu, Xiaodan, Cong Wang, Wenqi Xiong, Yang Liu, Donghao Yang, Xinzheng Zhang, and Jingjun Xu. "Strain regulated interlayer coupling in WSe₂/WS₂ heterobilayer." Nanotechnology 33, no. 8 (December 3, 2021): 085705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac3a39.

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Abstract Strain engineering can effectively modify the materials lattice parameters at atomic scale, hence it has become an efficient method for tuning the physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. The study of the strain regulated interlayer coupling is deserved for different kinds of heterostructures. Here, we systematically studied the strain engineering of WSe2/WS2 heterostructures as well as their constituent monolayers. The measured Raman and photoluminescence spectra demonstrate that the strain can evidently modulate the phonon energy and exciton emission of monolayer WSe2 and WS2 as well as the WSe2/WS2 heterostructures. The tensile strain can tune the electronic band structure of WSe2/WS2 heterostructure, as well as enhance the interlayer coupling. It is further revealed that the photoluminescence intensity ratio of WS2 to WSe2 in our WSe2/WS2 heterobilayer increases monotonically with tensile strain. These findings can broaden the understanding and practical application of strain engineering in 2D materials with nanometer-scale resolution.

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Polgar, Lorenzo M., Francesca Fallani, Juul Cuijpers, Patrizio Raffa, Antonius A. Broekhuis, Martin van Duin, and Francesco Picchioni. "Water-swellable elastomers: synthesis, properties and applications." Reviews in Chemical Engineering 35, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 45–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revce-2017-0052.

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Abstract Water-swellable elastomers (WSE) constitute a class of rubbery materials that have been widely studied both in academia and industry during the last 25 years. Market pull is the major driver for the exploration of these materials. The need of WSE in several sealing applications has driven the attention of many academic researchers toward the possibility to provide a rubber with water-swelling characteristics. As commercial rubbers are hydrophobic materials, making them swell in water presents an interesting and difficult challenge. This paper reviews the scientific and patent literature on the fundamental aspects of WSE: the various synthetic approaches, the properties of the corresponding polymers (not only the swelling performance but also the mechanical behavior), and some of their applications. Particular attention is paid to the chemical structure/performance relationships of WSE. Finally, the authors speculate on a great future for WSE that can be rationally designed for improved and/or new applications.

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Moon, Inyong, Sungwon Lee, Myeongjin Lee, Changsik Kim, Daehee Seol, Yunseok Kim, Ki Hyun Kim, et al. "The device level modulation of carrier transport in a 2D WSe2 field effect transistor via a plasma treatment." Nanoscale 11, no. 37 (2019): 17368–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr05881h.

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Rusu, Marius Emil, Carmen Georgiu, Anca Pop, Andrei Mocan, Bela Kiss, Oliviu Vostinaru, Ionel Fizesan, et al. "Antioxidant Effects of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Kernel and Walnut Septum Extract in a D-Galactose-Induced Aging Model and in Naturally Aged Rats." Antioxidants 9, no. 5 (May 14, 2020): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9050424.

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Antioxidant dietary intervention is considered a potential strategy in delaying age-related dysfunctions. In this study of 56 days, we assessed the antioxidant effects of walnut kernel (WK) and walnut septum extract (WSE) in a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging model and in a naturally aged rat model. Young Wistar rats, treated with D-gal (1200 mg/week), and old rats received daily WK or WSE added to the feed. After 8 weeks, blood, liver, and brain samples were collected and hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress biomarkers, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Moreover, acetylcholinesterase activity was investigated in brain homogenates. The outcomes demonstrated significant improvement in cellular antioxidant activity and/or decrease of reactive oxygen species, advanced glycation end products, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, or increase of glutathione after WK or WSE intake in both models. Additionally, WSE showed hypoglycemic effect, and both WK and WSE lowered acetylcholinesterase activity. Both diets could protect neurons against the induced senescence and could reverse the pathological conditions in the physiological aged brain. Thus, dietary supplementation with WK or WSE can maintain the liver and brain health and reduce the risk of age-related diseases, as well as delaying the onset of aging processes.

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Karsten, Benjamin J., Justin B. King, and Ravin R. Kumar. "Role of Water-Soluble Enema before Takedown of Diverting Ileostomy for Low Pelvic Anastomosis." American Surgeon 75, no. 10 (October 2009): 941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480907501017.

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The integrity of a low pelvic anastomosis is often studied radiographically before takedown of a diverting ileostomy. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of routine water-soluble enema studies (WSE) in our patient population with low pelvic anastomosis. We retrospectively reviewed the operative database for a county teaching hospital from 1998 to 2008. All patients with low pelvic anastomosis (ultralow colorectal, coloanal, and ileoanal pouch anastomosis) with diverting ileostomy who underwent subsequent takedown were identified. Fifty patients met inclusion criteria. Thirty-eight patients were evaluated by WSE and 12 were not. Twenty-five patients (66%) were noted to have normal WSE studies before ostomy takedown. Thirteen patients (26%) were noted to have abnormalities on WSE. Two stenoses were clinically significant. Water-soluble enema study was 100 per cent sensitive and 69 per cent specific for detecting significant pathology. Digital rectal examination (DRE), colonoscopy, and flexible sigmoidoscopy were also 100 per cent sensitive in detecting substantial pathology. Routine use of WSE failed to demonstrate a significant impact on patients with low pelvic anastomosis undergoing ileostomy takedown. Routine DRE and rigid proctoscopy can be used to evaluate low pelvic anastomosis. WSE can be used selectively on patients with abnormal findings.

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Jones, Steven, Lisa Riste, Christine Barrowclough, Peter Bartlett, Caroline Clements, Linda Davies, Fiona Holland, et al. "Reducing relapse and suicide in bipolar disorder: practical clinical approaches to identifying risk, reducing harm and engaging service users in planning and delivery of care – the PARADES (Psychoeducation, Anxiety, Relapse, Advance Directive Evaluation and Suicidality) programme." Programme Grants for Applied Research 6, no. 6 (September 2018): 1–296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/pgfar06060.

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BackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) costs £5.2B annually, largely as a result of incomplete recovery after inadequate treatment.ObjectivesA programme of linked studies to reduce relapse and suicide in BD.DesignThere were five workstreams (WSs): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT) of group psychoeducation (PEd) versus group peer support (PS) in the maintenance of BD (WS1); development and feasibility RCTs of integrated psychological therapy for anxiety in bipolar disorder (AIBD) and integrated for problematic alcohol use in BD (WS2 and WS3); survey and qualitative investigations of suicide and self-harm in BD (WS4); and survey and qualitative investigation of service users’ (SUs) and psychiatrists’ experience of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA), with reference to advance planning (WS5).SettingParticipants were from England; recruitment into RCTs was limited to certain sites [East Midlands and North West (WS1); North West (WS2 and WS3)].ParticipantsAged ≥ 18 years. In WS1–3, participants had their diagnosis of BD confirmed by the Structural Clinical Interview for theDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.InterventionsIn WS1, group PEd/PS; in WS3 and WS4, individual psychological therapy for comorbid anxiety and alcohol use, respectively.Main outcome measuresIn WS1, time to relapse of bipolar episode; in WS2 and WS3, feasibility and acceptability of interventions; in WS4, prevalence and determinants of suicide and self-harm; and in WS5, professional training and support of advance planning in MCA, and SU awareness and implementation.ResultsGroup PEd and PS could be routinely delivered in the NHS. The estimated median time to first bipolar relapse was 67.1 [95% confidence interval (CI) 37.3 to 90.9] weeks in PEd, compared with 48.0 (95% CI 30.6 to 65.9) weeks in PS. The adjusted hazard ratio was 0.83 (95% CI 0.62 to 1.11; likelihood ratio testp = 0.217). The interaction between the number of previous bipolar episodes (1–7 and 8–19, relative to 20+) and treatment arm was significant (χ2 = 6.80, degrees of freedom = 2;p = 0.034): PEd with one to seven episodes showed the greatest delay in time to episode. A primary economic analysis indicates that PEd is not cost-effective compared with PS. A sensitivity analysis suggests potential cost-effectiveness if decision-makers accept a cost of £37,500 per quality-adjusted life-year. AIBD and motivational interviewing (MI) cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) trials were feasible and acceptable in achieving recruitment and retention targets (AIBD:n = 72, 72% retention to follow-up; MI-CBT:n = 44, 75% retention) and in-depth qualitative interviews. There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes for either trial overall. The factors associated with risk of suicide and self-harm (longer duration of illness, large number of periods of inpatient care, and problems establishing diagnosis) could inform improved clinical care and specific interventions. Qualitative interviews suggested that suicide risk had been underestimated, that care needs to be more collaborative and that people need fast access to good-quality care. Despite SUs supporting advance planning and psychiatrists being trained in MCA, the use of MCA planning provisions was low, with confusion over informal and legally binding plans.LimitationsInferences for routine clinical practice from WS1 were limited by the absence of a ‘treatment as usual’ group.ConclusionThe programme has contributed significantly to understanding how to improve outcomes in BD. Group PEd is being implemented in the NHS influenced by SU support.Future workFuture work is needed to evaluate optimal approaches to psychological treatment of comorbidity in BD. In addition, work in improved risk detection in relation to suicide and self-harm in clinical services and improved training in MCA are indicated.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN62761948, ISRCTN84288072 and ISRCTN14774583.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inProgramme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 6, No. 6. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

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Yang, Sujeong, Geonyeop Lee, Janghyuk Kim, Seunghoon Yang, Chul-Ho Lee, and Jihyun Kim. "An in-plane WSe2 p–n homojunction two-dimensional diode by laser-induced doping." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 25 (2020): 8393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc01790f.

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Ma, Dongwei, Benyuan Ma, Zhiwen Lu, Chaozheng He, Yanan Tang, Zhansheng Lu, and Zongxian Yang. "Interaction between H2O, N2, CO, NO, NO2 and N2O molecules and a defective WSe2 monolayer." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 38 (2017): 26022–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp04351a.

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The interaction of various gas molecules with a defective WSe₂ monolayer is theoretically studied. The defective WSe₂ monolayer exhibits enhanced sensing ability toward H₂O and N₂ molecules. The doping of the WSe₂ monolayer due to the interaction of CO, NO, NO₂, and N₂O molecules with Se vacancies is discussed.

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Zou, MeiLing, JunFeng Zhang, Han Zhu, MingLiang Du, QingFa Wang, Ming Zhang, and XiangWen Zhang. "A 3D dendritic WSe2 catalyst grown on carbon nanofiber mats for efficient hydrogen evolution." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 23 (2015): 12149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta02538a.

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Sun, Ying, Xuewei Zhang, Baoguang Mao, and Minhua Cao. "Controllable selenium vacancy engineering in basal planes of mechanically exfoliated WSe2monolayer nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution." Chemical Communications 52, no. 99 (2016): 14266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc07832j.

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Hu, Sheng De, Da Guang Pi, and Li Xin Li. "Influence of Technology on Deformation Behavior of Cold-Formed High Frequency Induction Welded Steel Pipes." Advanced Materials Research 631-632 (January 2013): 704–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.704.

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Tests were performed on mechanical property and microstructure of joints on cold-formed high frequency induction welded (HFIW) pipes. The welding surface energy (WSE) is proposed to evaluate the combined effect of technological parameters including the welding speed, input power and wall-thickness. The optimum production technology was obtained. The Widmanstätten microstructure and coarse grains were observed in the overheated zone. The width of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is proportional to the WSE. With increase of the WSE, the reversed V-shape was formed by the mean bend angle. The optimum WSE decreases with decreasing the opening angle. Rather than the standard tensile test, the cold-bending test is suitable for evaluating effect of technology on quality of joints on cold-formed HFIW pipe.

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Shari, Weni Widya, and Ritta Farma. "The Effect of Workplace Stretching Exercise (WSE) Intervention on Musculoskeletal Complaints Among Nursing Students in Clinical Practice." Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan Indonesia 14, no. 03 (October 9, 2024): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33221/jiiki.v14i03.3368.

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Background: Musculoskeletal complaints are a common discomfort experienced by nursing students during clinical practice in hospitals. This occurs because they do not pay attention to important factors that pose risks, particularly related to improper patient handling. One intervention used to address these complaints is Workplace Stretching Exercise (WSE). WSE is a series of muscle-stretching exercises designed to relax and increase the flexibility of muscles that are considered problematic. Objectives: To determine the effect of WSE on musculoskeletal complaints among nursing students during clinical practice in hospitals. Methods: This research is a pre-experimental study with a two-group pre-test and post-test design. The sample consists of 26 individuals in both the intervention and control groups, selected using purposive sampling. The questionnaire used is the Nordic Body Map (NBM) to detect musculoskeletal complaints. Results: Statistical test results using the Wilcoxon test showed p = 0.000 (α = 0.05), indicating that WSE has an effect on musculoskeletal complaints among nursing students during clinical practice in hospitals. Conclusion: WSE should be routinely performed by nursing students during clinical practice to address musculoskeletal complaints.

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Dumore, Nitin G., Milind J. Umekar, Brijrsh G. Taksande, and Manish M. Aglawe. "Withania somnifera attenuates nicotine induced locomotor sensitization and withdrawal symptoms in mice." Journal of Phytopharmacology 7, no. 2 (April 10, 2018): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2018.7213.

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Objective: To investigate the effect of withania somnifera extract (WSE) on nicotine mediated reinforcement effect and withdrawal symptoms which attributed for the addiction liabilities of nicotine. Methods: In Swiss albino mice nicotine mediated locomotor sensitization and anxiogenic effects of chronic and acute nicotine treatment respectively was tested per se or in combination with WSE. In addition, nicotine withdrawal induced anxiety-like behavior was also studied. Locomotor sensitization was tested by employing open field test (OFT), while symptoms of anxiety were evaluated by subjecting mice to elevated plus maze (EPM). Results: Daily treatment with nicotine (subcutaneous) for 7 days showed gradual increase in the locomotor activity in OFT as compared to saline group indicating the development of locomotor sensitization. Following 3 days of drug free period, nicotine challenge on day 11 also showed rise in locomotor activity depicting expression of sensitization. WSE pretreatment inhibited the nicotine induced development and expression of locomotor sensitization. WSE+nicotine treated group showed decreased ambulations as compared to per se nicotine group on day 1-7 and day 8 (P<0.05). In EPM, acute nicotine treated mice spend more time in open arms as compared to saline indicating the anxiolytic behavior. WSE pretreatment reversed this anxiolytic effect. Nicotine withdrawal mice showed significant increase in the number of entries in arm and total time spend in closed arm indicating anxiety-like behavior. WSE treatment in nicotine withdrawal mice inhibited the nicotine withdrawal induced increased number of entries and time spend in closed arms. Conclusion: These results indicated that WSE may serve an effective herbal medicine in arresting nicotine mediated reinforcement and withdrawal signs

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ENGEL, ERWAN, CHANTAL SEPTIER, NADINE LECONTE, CHRISTIAN SALLES, and JEAN-LUC LE QUERE. "Determination of taste-active compounds of a bitter Camembert cheese by omission tests." Journal of Dairy Research 68, no. 4 (November 2001): 675–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029901005209.

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The taste-active compounds of a Camembert cheese selected for its intense bitterness defect were investigated. The water-soluble fraction (WSE) was extracted with pure water and fractionated by successive tangential ultrafiltrations and nanofiltration. The physicochemical assessment of these fractions led to the construction of a model WSE which was compared by sensory evaluation to the crude water-soluble extract, using a panel of 16 trained tasters. As no significant difference was perceived, this model WSE was then used directly or mixed with other cheese components for omission tests. Among the main taste characteristics of the WSE (salty, sour, umami and bitter), bitterness was found to be due to small peptides whose mass distribution was obtained by RPHPLC-MS (400–3000 Da) and whose taste properties are discussed.

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Xiao, Xiao, and Tadashi Dohi. "A Comparative Study of Data Transformations for Wavelet Shrinkage Estimation with Application to Software Reliability Assessment." Advances in Software Engineering 2012 (May 13, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/524636.

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In our previous work, we proposed wavelet shrinkage estimation (WSE) for nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP)-based software reliability models (SRMs), where WSE is a data-transform-based nonparametric estimation method. Among many variance-stabilizing data transformations, the Anscombe transform and the Fisz transform were employed. We have shown that it could provide higher goodness-of-fit performance than the conventional maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and the least squares estimation (LSE) in many cases, in spite of its non-parametric nature, through numerical experiments with real software-fault count data. With the aim of improving the estimation accuracy of WSE, in this paper we introduce other three data transformations to preprocess the software-fault count data and investigate the influence of different data transformations to the estimation accuracy of WSE through goodness-of-fit test.

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Zhang, Xiuyun, Yi Sun, Weicheng Gao, Yin Lin, Xinli Zhao, Qiang Wang, Xiaojing Yao, Maoshuai He, Xiaoshan Ye, and Yongjun Liu. "Sizable bandgaps of graphene in 3d transition metal intercalated defective graphene/WSe2 heterostructures." RSC Advances 9, no. 32 (2019): 18157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra03034d.

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3d transition metal (TM = Sc–Ni) atom-intercalated G/WSe₂ heterostructures, as well as their defective configurations having single vacancies on graphene or WSe₂ sublayers, are studied.

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Han, Ali, Areej Aljarb, Sheng Liu, Peng Li, Chun Ma, Fei Xue, Sergei Lopatin, et al. "Growth of 2H stacked WSe2 bilayers on sapphire." Nanoscale Horizons 4, no. 6 (2019): 1434–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nh00260j.

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Bilayer WSe₂ nuclei were initially grown along the atomic steps of a sapphire substrate, resembling a “graphoepitaxial mechanism” and gradually formed into overlapped 2H stacked WSe₂ bilayers.

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44

Szczepankiewicz, Elżbieta Izabela, Joanna Błażyńska, Beata Zaleska, Farid Ullah, and Windham Eugene Loopesko. "Compliance with Corporate Governance Principles by Energy Companies Compared with All Companies Listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange." Energies 15, no. 17 (September 5, 2022): 6481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15176481.

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Disclosure of non-financial information, especially regarding corporate governance (CG), is an important element of companies’ communication with their stakeholders. This paper sets out to define—from a theoretical and practical perspective—the scope of CG reporting in Polish fuel, gas, and energy (“energy”) companies required under EU directives and national regulations. The paper presents the results of a study investigating whether and to what extent annual corporate governance statements (CGSs) prepared by energy companies, compared with other companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE-LCs), are consistent with “Best Practices for WSE-LCs 2016” (BPs for WSE-LCs). The study group consisted of energy companies submitting their 2017–2020 reports, as well as other companies listed on the WSE, as a comparative group (i.e., a total of 179 reports). We used a monographic method to study theoretical problems and annual CGSs and performed a critical review of the literature, as well as comparative, content, and descriptive analyses. The analysed CGSs helped answer the following question: to what extent do energy companies and other WSE-LCs pursue the CG rules specified in BPs for WSE-LCs? The results indicate that such companies follow various approaches to CG disclosures and reporting obligations. However, what truly matters is not the legal obligation itself, but rather the companies’ social responsibility for maintaining good relations with their stakeholders. The paper will contribute to CG studies, because no Polish theorist has so far analysed CG disclosures in annual non-financial reports. The paper fills a research gap in information on adherence to best practices in CG disclosures in CGSs of all WSE-LCs. The study presents conclusions of CG disclosures by energy companies, which can provide the basis for further research in other sectors.

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Chen, T. M., X. J. Wu, J. X. Wang, and G. W. Yang. "WSe2 few layers with enzyme mimic activity for high-sensitive and high-selective visual detection of glucose." Nanoscale 9, no. 32 (2017): 11806–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr03179c.

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We demonstrate that WSe₂ nanosheets possess intrinsic enzyme mimic activity, and a platform of WSe₂ nanosheets was constructed to detect glucose concentration, which showed high-sensitive and high-selective.

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Balogun, Olugbenga, Dammah Otieno, Cindi R. Brownmiller, Sun-Ok Lee, and Hye Won Kang. "Effect of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Extract on Carbohydrates-Hydrolyzing Enzymes In Vitro." Agriculture 12, no. 6 (May 27, 2022): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12060772.

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Hindering the absorption of glucose through inhibition of intestinal carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes is an efficient strategy for reducing hyperglycemia. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of watermelon flesh extracts (WFE), rind extract (WRE), skin extract (WSE), and citrulline on intestinal carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes and to identify their bioactive compounds. WSE showed higher bioactive compounds and total phenolic content than WFE and WRE. WFE, WRE, and WSE demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition against carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes. WFE, WRE, and WSE inhibited α-glucosidase by 40~45% at a concentration of 60 mg/mL whereas 80 mg/mL citrulline showed a similar inhibitory effect. WRE and citrulline showed IC50 values of 0.02 and 0.01 mg/mL for maltase and sucrase, respectively. Citrulline at 20 mg/mL exhibited higher glucoamylase and pancreatic α-amylase inhibition than WFE, WRE, and WSE at the same concentration. Citrulline and WRE showed similar IC50 values for glucoamylase and α-amylase compared to 1 mg/mL acarbose. This study suggests that watermelon, including its byproduct parts possibly due to citrulline, has the potential for carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzyme inhibition that is beneficial to reducing postprandial hyperglycemia.

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Kang, Yan, Huan Jie Cai, and Song Bai Song. "A Coordinated Development Evaluation Modeling in Water- Socioeconomy -Environment System." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 3313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.3313.

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A coordinated development model in water–socioeconomy-environment system (WSE system) and its application are presented in this paper. Based on complex system theory and the coordinated development idea, a set of indicators is provided with capacity to evaluate coordinated development degree in WSE system. Integrating variable fuzzy set theory (VFS) and entropy weight (EW) into set pair analysis method (SPA), the authors derive SPA-VFS-EW model to describe development degrees of WSE system. Employing coordination theory, the authors develop a coordination model based on Euclidean distance, followed by a coordinated development model. The derived model is applied to assess the coordinated development degree of WSE system in Shaanxi province. The results are found satisfactory. It also indicates that the proposed model in this paper can provide a novel method for evaluating the coordinated development in systems.

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Stachnik, Justin P., Courtney Schumacher, and Paul E. Ciesielski. "Total Heating Characteristics of the ISCCP Tropical and Subtropical Cloud Regimes." Journal of Climate 26, no. 18 (September 9, 2013): 7097–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00673.1.

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Abstract Composite profiles of the apparent heat source Q1 and moisture sink Q2 are calculated for the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) cloud regimes (or “weather states”) using sounding observations from 10 field campaigns comprising both tropical and subtropical domains. Distinct heating profiles were determined for each ISCCP cloud regime, ranging from strong, upper-tropospheric heating for mesoscale convective systems (WS1) to integrated cooling for populations typically associated with marine stratus and stratocumulus clouds (WS5, WS6, and WS7). Despite being primarily associated with thin cirrus, the corresponding regime (WS4) has heating maxima in the lower and midtroposphere due to the presence of underlying clouds. Regime-averaged Q2 profiles showed similar transitions with strong drying observed for deep convection and low-level moistening for marine boundary layer clouds. The derived profiles were generally similar over land and ocean with the notable exception of the fair-weather cumulus regime (WS8). Additional midlevel moistening was identified for several weather states over land, suggesting enhanced detrainment and more frequent congestus clouds compared to oceanic domains. A control simulation using the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM4), was similar to the large-scale patterns of diabatic heating at low levels produced by the ISCCP composites. Differences were more pronounced at middle and upper levels and are largely attributed to the uncertainty in the heating profiles for the cumulus regime (WS8). Low-level heating anomalies were calculated for each phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and they precede upper-tropospheric heating from deep convection by 3–4 phases. Implications for future research using ISCCP heating reconstructions are also discussed.

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Николаев, С. Н., В. С. Багаев, М. А. Чернопицский, И. И. Усманов, Е. Е. Онищенко, А. А. Деева, and В. С. Кривобок. "Низкотемпературная фотолюминесценция монослоя WSe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-, полученного механическим слоением с использованием золота." Физика и техника полупроводников 56, no. 3 (2022): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftp.2022.03.52120.9772.

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We studied the optical properties of an atomically thin WSe$_2$ film obtained by gold-assisted mechanical exfoliation. Raman scattering spectra, low-temperature photoluminescence, and micro-reflection from large-scale monolayer are investigated. At room temperature, the optical properties of such a film reproduce the properties of WSe$_2$ monolayers obtained by regular mechanical exfoliation. It is shown that at low temperatures, the radiation spectra of the resulting film are determined by standard mechanisms of radiative recombination involving free excitons, bound excitons, and trions. However, in contrast to room temperatures, there is a significant difference in the spectral width and intensity of the lines compared to monolayers WSe$_2$, obtained regular way from the same source material. The differences found, demonstrating a significant increase in background doping and structural disorder when using gold-assisted exfoliation, may be meaningful for a number of optoelectronic applications of atomically thin WSe$_2$ films.

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Mathaba, Richard Siphamandla Ryan, Nirmala Dorasamy, and Kudayja Mohammed Parker. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EXTERNAL WHOLE-SCHOOL EVALUATION ON UNDERPERFORMING SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE MPUMALANGA PROVINCE." Commonwealth Youth and Development 12, no. 2 (September 28, 2016): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1727-7140/1635.

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The study was conducted in the Mpumalanga province and focused on a sample of 18 externally evaluated underperforming secondary schools across all four districts of the province. The schools obtained an average pass rate of less than 30% in the 2011 Grade 12 examinations. The main objectives of the study were to analyse the purpose of whole-school evaluation (WSE) from a quality assurance perspective; to investigate the significance of a key component of WSE, namely assessing the quality of teaching, learning and educator development; to analyse the Grade 12 results of externally evaluated underperforming secondary schools pre- and post-evaluation; to analyse monitoring and evaluation reports for changes in teaching, learning and teacher development, as well as to identify factors impeding teaching, learning and teacher development in underperforming secondary schools. WSE is a system of evaluating the performance of schools as a whole. Corporate contribution to improve performance is measured, rather than simply the performance of individual staff members. Furthermore, WSE is one intervention to move schools that are in a critical situation along the path to becoming effective schools. Guidelines for quality assurance in education, especially at school level, are underpinned by the nine areas for evaluation (AFEs), namely basic functionality of the school (AFE1), leadership, management and communication (AFE2), governance and relationships (AFE3), quality of teaching and learning, and educator development (AFE4), curriculum provisioning and resources (AFE5), learner achievement (AFE6), school safety, security and discipline (AFE7), school infrastructure (AFE8), and parents and the community (AFE9). The mixed methods approach was used. This approach made it easy to reconcile findings through triangulation and complementing qualitative and quantitative data (both primary and secondary). The study relied on secondary data (external WSE reports and Grade 12 results), as well as primary data obtained from questionnaires administered to school management teams (SMTs) of the sampled underperforming secondary schools. The study revealed the great level of acceptance of the external WSE process by SMTs in Mpumalanga provinceâ€™s underperforming secondary schools, as a means of quality assurance in order to achieve improvement. Furthermore, it revealed the extent to which improvement and development in the underperforming schools occurred as a result of the external WSE process. It was found that the results of seventeen of the 18 schools (94.4%) had improved. Furthermore, the study confi rmed that what was revealed in the external WSE as areas for development came as a revelation to SMTs. As a result, the manner in which teaching, learning and teacher development (AFE4) as a key component of WSE is viewed by teachers and SMTs, has been positively influenced.

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Journal articles on the topic 'WSe₂'

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