Journal articles on the topic 'Written chats'
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1
Madoyan, Narine. "The Language of Synchronous and Asynchronous Interactions of EMC." Armenian Folia Anglistika 9, no. 1-2 (11) (October 15, 2013): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2013.9.1-2.089.
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The article examines the peculiar features of EMC, namely through the comparison of the linguistic and paralinguistic expressions of e-mails and chats. The analysis of the factual material reveals that the language of e-mails possesses certain similarities (syntactic, semantic, structural) with written speech. The abovementioned similarities cannot be viewed as standard practice since the language of e-mails often contains certain elements typical of both written and oral speech. The language of chats, on the other hand, can be defined as a form of internet expression of oral speech. It is noteworthy, that the emotions and feelings of the participants are expressed through a special sign system.
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Dharma, Hendy Reginald Cuaca, Cecilia A. Sandjojo, and Abdul A. T. Kariko. "The Mark Usage as Message Nuances in Digital Chat Communication Between Japanese and Indonesian Written Communication." Asian Journal of Applied Education (AJAE) 2, no. 2 (April 28, 2023): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/ajae.v2i2.3697.
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Exclamation mark or kantanfu in Japanese, is one of written language elements used to convey expressions. Based on exclamation mark usage, the meaning and nuance of a sentence could differ. Amidst the COVID19 pandemic that limits one’s interaction to another, the frequency of digital communication has significantly increased. Digital communication through chats has become an activity that cannot be separated from everyday life. Therefore, it is important to understand exclamation marks correctly. The aim of this study is to avoid misunderstandings that could happen through chats in Japanese. This study will compare the use and interpretation of exclamation marks in Japanese chat between Indonesians and Japanese. Japanese chat messages containing exclamation marks were analyzed using Hymes’ SPEAKING theory. This study uses Creswell's convergent mixed methods, with quantitative data of Indonesians’ questionnaire survey results, and qualitative data of interviews with Japanese people. Study results show that there are differences in the use and function of exclamation marks between Indonesians and Japanese.
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Alber, Birgit, Jennifer-Carmen Frey, Aivars Glaznieks, Alexander Glück, and Joachim Kokkelmans. "Verschriftungsprinzipien im geschriebenen Dialekt: WhatsApp-Nachrichten aus Südtirol." Linguistik Online 127, no. 3 (April 8, 2024): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.127.11087.
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Although the orthographic norm of the standard language has dominated most written registers of German, social media and other non-standardized digital contexts have recently given rise to the written use of dialects and vernaculars in informal communication. The written use of non-standard dialects is especially wide-spread in the south of the German-speaking area, e. g. in Switzerland, Bavaria, Austria and South Tyrol, where various studies have reported the use of dialectal forms in digital contexts such as Chatrooms, WhatsApp or Facebook (cf. Christen 2004; Glaznieks/Frey 2018). Using a corpus of South Tyrolean WhatsApp chats with corresponding audio recordings of the chat authors retelling the chat contents, we analyze four phonetic-phonological phenomena of Tyrolean dialects, characteristic of the southern German-speaking area: pre-consonantal s-retraction, the neutralization of the phonemes /p/ and /b/ in word-initial position, vowels undergoing umlaut or unrounding and the realisation of r in the coda of unstressed syllables. In particular, we analyze if and how these phenomena of the dialect are represented in the written form. The results show that Standard German graphematic conventions form the basis for most dialect spellings in WhatsApp chats. However, they are sometimes abandoned for the benefit of spellings that explicitly represent dialectal pronunciations. Interestingly, in some cases these dialectal spellings do not correspond to the pronunciation of the writers who, instead, opt for a pronunciation closer to that of the standard language.
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Prayogo, Agus, and Lulut Widyaningrum. "WhatsApp-Mediated Language Teachers’ Reflection of Classroom Practice: Experience of Indonesian Context." IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics) 4, no. 1 (November 15, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v4i1.315.
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This qualitative case study examines language teachers’ reflective practice mediated by WhatsApp application and addresses the topics mostly reflected in the eight topics of classroom practice and the problems faced. A total of 537 entries of chats written, the most common topic of reflection entries is about general teaching approaches. Time restraint and writing chats in English become significant problems of the reflective practice. The practice has provided an online environment that lets teachers interact and share with colleagues to construct knowledge and evaluate teaching practice that beneficial for teacher professional development. Teachers have gained benefits from online reflection collaboration with other teachers, but most of them take into account the need for an online reflection setting that gives freedom to use the language that they are comforted with
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Müller, Marvin, Nicholas Frick, and Joachim Metternich. "Wissen aus betrieblichen Chats nachhaltig nutzen/Results of the transfer project „text analyses in company practice – TexPrax“. Sustainable use of knowledge from company chats." wt Werkstattstechnik online 111, no. 01-02 (2021): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2021-01-02-97.
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Wertvolles Wissen wird in zahlreichen Prozessen auf dem Shopfloor schriftlich festgehalten. Dies geschieht in formalen Prozessen wie dem Shopfloor Management oder in informeller, direkter Kommunikation, die verstärkt über Chats abläuft. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie diese Daten wertschöpfend genutzt werden können, wie Unternehmen und Beschäftigte auf die Analyse von Wissenselementen aus Chat-Applikationen reagieren und wie Unternehmen sich in die Ausgestaltung der Anwendungen einbringen können. Valuable knowledge is written down in numerous processes on the shop floor. This takes place in formal processes such as shop floor management or in informal, direct communication, which is increasingly going on via chats. This article shows how this data can be used to add value, how companies and employees react to the analysis of knowledge elements from chat applications and how companies can get involved in the design of the applications.
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Ali, Jamal, S. Imtiaz Hasnain, and M. Salim Beg. "Effects of Phonological Features on Texting Styles: Future Directions." Journal of English Studies in Arabia Felix 1, no. 1 (June 25, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56540/jesaf.v1i1.19.
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This paper aims to investigate the effect of phonological features on online written text messages. Data were collected from ninety ESL Indian students at Aligarh Muslim University with regards to their Facebook-based chats. The dataset was fed into SPSS for analysis. Major findings showed that the respondents tend to use vowel deletion, the substitution of numbers for phones, words represented by a single letter and overuse of sounds to represent phonology in their written text messages. With this in mind, the study yielded evidence that texting reverses the previous studies that spelling first and then phonology. That is to say, this study revealed that phonology affects the way of writing online text messages. This study also showed that phonology is used in the written forms and that Facebook users sometimes reject to follow the standard spelling of English and write the words as they are pronounced, not as they are written in standard English. Keywords: internet linguistics, netSpeak, phonetic spelling, phonological features, textSpeak, Webspeak
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Chijioke, Dorathy Ijeoma, and Michael Alozie Nwala. "Chat Language and the Challenges of Students in Written Composition." Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature 19, no. 2 (May 27, 2021): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/celt.v19i2.2278.
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With the prevalence of the internet and social network platforms in this digital age, most people opt for text messages as a fast and convenient means of communication and prefer real-time online chats to face-to-face social interactions. The cyber language is replete with writing errors that are not conventionally acceptable in academic writing and which can impede comprehension in some cases. As teenage participation in this new media increases, this study investigated the impact of chat language on the written composition of senior secondary school students who are prospective candidates for O’level and or A’level examinations. Data were generated from the students’ written essay scripts and analysed using Halliday’s Systemic Functional Grammar as the theoretical framework. The study adopted the quantitative and qualitative research methods in which 842 senior secondary 2 and 3 (SS2 and SS3) students of selected schools in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, are the population. The result revealed that online chat language and text-based messages mostly affect students’ writings in mechanical accuracy and expression. The study therefore recommended that the negative effects of the social media on the students’ writings should be checked in schools.
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Bruns, Thomas. "Пунктуационные знаки и смайлики – объединяющие и разделяющие функции в цифровой коммуникации." Język i Metoda 7 (2021): 187–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23919981jm.21.018.14250.
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This article aims to give an overview of similarities and differences in the function and use of smileys and emojis on the one hand and punctuation marks on the other hand in digital communication. It becomes clear that the traditional punctuation marks in their current use and the relatively new graphic symbols used in chats, messengers and forums are not so different at all, but show certain similarities, in that they can supplement, modify or even completely replace the written message itself.
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Палкова, Анна Викторовна. "CONCEPTUAL ORALITY AND LITERACY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF NETWORK IDENTITY." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Филология, no. 2(69) (June 1, 2021): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtfilol/2021.2.064.
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В данной статье рассматриваются особенности формирования сетевой идентичности и самопрезентации в условиях «коммуникации от клавиатуры к экрану», которая условно располагается в континууме между «медиальной письменностью» и «концептуальной устностью». Общение в чатах, мессенджерах и социальных сетях осуществляется в условиях функционирования «вторичной устности» This article is devoted to the construction of network identity and self-presentation under the conditions of «keyboard-to-screen communication», which takes place in the continuum between «medial written communication» and «conceptual oral communication». The interaction in chats, messengers and social networks is carried out in the context of «secondary orality».
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Mojeiko, Marina A. "Language of web: bynet discourse and Belarusian netspeak." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Sociology, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6821-2022-1-71-79.
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It is proved that the modern Internet space creates a fundamentally new communication environment (social networks, chats, etc.), the capabilities of which, in turn, act as a trigger for linguistic transformations. It is the language of Internet communications that is today the field where new trends in language development are most actively formed. The functioning of the language in the network gives rise to a number of new phenomena. So, Internet discourse gives rise to such phenomena as massive abbreviations and an abundance of neologisms (including game ones), acronyms and backronyms, syngrahemics and supragrahemics, interlanguage hybrids, new tools for expressing subject-subject relations (formulas of politeness, for example) and many others. This poses new problems for both linguistics and philosophy of language. For example, it is shown that in the context of Internet communications, the classic dichotomy of verbal speech and written forms of language is blurred: on the one hand, in chats and forums, the language is formally represented by written texts, on the other – interactive dialogues actually set living one-time communication, which allows one to speak simultaneously, interrupt the interlocutor, respond immediately, etc., and all these are characteristic of verbal speech. It is concluded that if until now the main presenter of language in culture has clearly been fiction as embodying the established norm of the correct language, then today language practices (usus) come to the fore, reflecting the trends of linguistic evolution that are forming in the present continuous, that sets a new accentuation in modern culture, namely the prevalence of descriptive linguistics over prescriptive.
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YVON, FRANÇOIS. "Rewriting the orthography of SMS messages." Natural Language Engineering 16, no. 2 (March 24, 2010): 133–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324909990258.
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AbstractElectronic written texts used in computer-mediated interactions (emails, blogs, chats, and the like) contain significant deviations from the norm of the language. This paper presents the detail of a system aiming at normalizing the orthography of French SMS messages: after discussing the linguistic peculiarities of these messages and possible approaches to their automatic normalization, we present, compare, and evaluate various instanciations of a normalization device based on weighted finite-state transducers. These experiments show that using an intermediate phonemic representation and training, our system outperforms an alternative normalization system based on phrase-based statistical machine translation techniques.
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Ryfe, David Michael. "From media audience to media public: a study of letters written in reaction to FDR's fireside chats." Media, Culture & Society 23, no. 6 (November 2001): 767–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016344301023006005.
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Verheijen, Lieke. "Orthographic principles in computer-mediated communication." Written Language and Literacy 21, no. 1 (November 2, 2018): 111–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.00012.ver.
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AbstractOnline messages often diverge from the standard language orthography: so-called textisms have become an indispensable part of youths’ written computer-mediated communication (CMC). This paper presents an in-depth corpus study of texts from four new media produced by Dutch youths: MSN chats, text messages, tweets, and WhatsApp messages. It is demonstrated that Dutch informal written CMC, as in other languages, is implicitly governed by orthographic principles. Relative frequencies of textism types in the corpus show how textisms are effectively used by Dutch youths. Textism types are classified here in terms of forms, operations, and, crucially, functions – the ‘SUPER-functions’: textisms can make orthography more Speechlike, Understandable, Playful, Expressive, or Reduced. Moreover, this study proves that preferences for textism types greatly depend on age group and medium. New media have their own combination of characteristics and constraints, while adolescents and young adults appear to have different perceptions on language use and spelling.
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Amuzu, E., A. E. A. Kuwornu, and S. Opoku-Fofie. "“Awww, we r sorry wai”: Pragmatic functions of L1 discourse markers in Ghanaians’ English-based WhatsApp conversations." Contemporary Journal of African Studies 5, no. 2 (November 27, 2018): 60–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/contjas.v5i2.3.
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The use of discourse markers (DMs) in written conversations has long been seen as features of oral conversations that chatters transfer into their written conversations when they wish to activate the informal relationships they developed in oral conversational contexts (see e.g. Landone 2012 and Ramón 2015). This paper shows this conclusion to be true of the use of seven DMs (o, wai, saa, paa, waa, koraa and la) by Ghanaians in their in-group English-based WhatsApp conversations. The DMs are from some Ghanaian languages, and using the Markedness Model of Myers-Scotton (1993, 1998, 1999) it is shown that they occur as marked codeswitches in the otherwise English texts where, in addition to informalising interactions, serve as exhibits of chatters’ Ghanaian identity and in-group solidarity; it is unlikely that such forms as wai, saa, paa, waa, koraa and la will appear in chats of non-Ghanaians. Data analysed for the study were extracts from WhatsApp platforms with only Ghanaian participants.
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Sokol, Mariana, Olga Petryshyna, Volodymyr Misko, Tetiana Mykolenko, Eleonora Palykhata, and Lilia Shtafirna. "Written Network Communication: Communicative Needs and Ambiguity of Interpretations." International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 5 (April 1, 2021): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n5p10.
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Social networks are dynamic, accessible virtual planes of communication, through which users carry out the cross-border and transient exchange of information and emotions, meeting their communication needs. The article outlines the main aspects of written communication, its communicative needs, and the ambiguity of interpretations.The constant growth of the popularity of social networks with the simultaneous displacement of the importance of live, direct communication forces scientists in various fields, including the theory of communication, communicative linguistics, to rethink the phenomenon of "communication". It is about creating a special discourse, which is caused by the specifics of the communication channel/code between communicators and the virtual chronotype. Attention has been drawn to written communication on social networks in terms of speakers’ intentions, the interpretation of explicit and implicit information, its impact on the participants of communication, the formation of the special culture of communication (non-library), etc.Specificity in the written form of communication in the social media has been caused by many factors: the readiness or unreadiness of the virtual interlocutor to interact; dominance of visual perception, hence, special attention of recipients to the layout, structuring of the text, volume, photo accompaniment, etc.; knowledge of the latest trends in online communication (fashion clichés, abbreviations, slang, memes); replacement or substitution of non-verbal means by various means of paragraphemics, for example, smilies, stickers, pictures, animation, etc.; developing of a specific network chronotype, in which there are no time limits and which is constantly expanding in volume due to the multiplicity of accounts, texts, chats, groups.Not everyone who communicates on social media knows the intentions of other people. On the one hand, such communication generates the selectivity or concealment of true meanings in the author's texts and on the other hand, additional meanings are taken on during the recipients’ interpretation.
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Ali, Bushra W. "The Use of Capital Computer-mediated Communication Expressions in the Non-Capital Cities as a Sign of Language Unification." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.10.12.
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Recent researches on computer-mediated communication (CMC) have focused mainly on linguistic analysis for the different types of internet chats. This study observes the differences in chats between the informal social chat and the formal chat by Iraqi university non-capital informants. The difference is on their use of capital and non-capital expressions. The location of the experiment is the University of Sumer. The research focuses upon the capital and non-capital expressions used at the university community depending upon 9 variables for 97 samples. The data reveals that there is a distinction between university and non-university chat on their capital expressions usage: (Laad, Aady, Hello, Dez, Mnower, Shakbark, Wyaya, Ok and Bye), at the non-capital area. Moreover, data shows that there is a distinction between university chat at the university community and their chat outside the university community. This study observes the written chats of the Iraqi university informants: students, teaching staff, and employees. The study sample is random using social media such as Viber, Facebook and WhatsApp. This is to observe that how the public and private atmospheres participate in language change to be unified at the time of the social networking use. Although they did not use certain expressions at their real life or informal chat, it is explored that how much they used the capital expressions in the non-capital areas. The study manages a quantitative and statistical analysis and investigates the use of capital expressions by users from the noncapital inhabitants’ background. Results of the study revealled that the university informants elude to use the capital expressions at the university atmosphere in the non-capital areas. It also reflects the fact that the use of capital expressions in the non-capital areas is a clear sign for the language unification concept.
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Zulaika, Esther. "Kode-aldaketaren tipologia euskal gazteen txatetan." Fontes Linguae Vasconum, no. 128 (November 27, 2019): 339–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35462/flv128.1.
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LABURPENA Artikulu honetan gazte euskaldunek gizarte-sareetan ekoitzitako mezuen alderdi bat aztertuko dugu: euskara-gaztelania code-switching edo kode-aldaketa. Txatetako elkarrizketa idatziez baliatuta, alternantzien azterketak hiru mota utzi ditu agerian: perpaus barnekoa, perpausen artekoa eta enblematikoa. Gazteen komunikazio-aitasunean sakontzeko urratsa dela uste dugu, bereziki gazteen lagunarteko hizkeran. RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la tipología del cambio de código o code-witching euskera-castellano en los discursos de los jóvenes vascos en las redes sociales. Lasconversaciones escritas de los chats mostrarán tres tipos de cambio: intraoracional, interoracional y emblemático. Creemos que el análisis supone un paso más para profundizar en la competencia comunicativa de los jóvenes, en especial en el lenguaje escrito coloquial. ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to examine the typology of Basque-Spanish code-switching in social network talks among Basque youth. Written chat talks show three types of code-switching: intrasentential, intersentential and emblematic switching. We believe that the analysis is a further step to gain insight into youth’s communication skills, especially in colloquial written language.
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Misevičiūtė, Vaida. "A Desperate Call for Process and Post-Process Approach in Lithuanian ESL Classrooms." Sustainable Multilingualism 13, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2018-0018.
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Summary Technology has altered communication style from face to face to written communication. An increased participation in chats, blogs, and other forms of social media along with a growing trend to work from home or to study on-line has increased the need to perfect academic written communication. Lithuanian students who have been trained in product approach are in desperate need to enhance skills in creativity, self-expression, independence and criticality, skills that can be taught through a process or a post-process approach to writing. An overview of product, process, and post-process approach suggests that second language learners trained in process or post-process approach display significant advantages in academic writing compared to students trained in product approach. Writing has been neglected as a skill for several reasons in Lithuanian English classrooms, yet the demand for academic writing in today’s world is increasing in accelerated speed. Process and post-process approach provides necessary skills that have been highly neglected in ESL teaching in Lithuanian schools and universities.
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Mahtane, Hicham. "French Lexical Innovation in Moroccan Mediated Interactions." Taikomoji kalbotyra 15 (June 4, 2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/taikalbot.2021.15.4.
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The French language in Morocco seems to be an evolving research field for linguists and sociolinguists. In everyday chats, Moroccan speakers use a particular lexicon of French on a formal and informal semantic level without much concern for conformity with standard French.Based on a one-off observation of exchange situations, we carried out a qualitative descriptive analysis based on studying the form and meaning of neologisms in the mediated interactions of the users. This study demonstrated a great diversity of lexicon use in the atypical written speeches of Moroccan chatters as well as an important freedom of spelling in relation to standard. The language practices of these chatters testify creative vitality and dynamics of neologisms. It also appears that these practices perform expressive, playful, and ornamental functions.
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Rusakova, Ekaterina P., and Viktor V. Zaitsev. "Messenger chats as evidence in сivil and arbitration proceedings — Russian judicial practice." Russian Journal of Legal Studies (Moscow) 7, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls46829.
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The development of production and distribution relations, which are forms of interaction among society and individuals, and social groups presupposes the adequate development of procedural legal means for ensuring (implementing and protecting) the constitutional rights of participants in these relations. As is well known, the socioeconomic conditions of human society development provide new sources and means of judicial evidence. The task of justice is to provide participants in a judicial dispute with a legal opportunity to use acceptable judicial evidence in accordance with the procedures established by law. This study analyzes the judicial practice of using information from the messenger chat in court proceedings and formulates rules for using the messenger chat and screenshots as an acceptable judicial proof. Among these rules, the following should be noted: mandatory identification of the message recipient, identification of the true will of the message sender, coordination of the order of sending messages via messenger chat, etc.
The article discusses the opinion of scientists about the attribution of a screenshot to written or electronic evidence.
Considerable attention is paid to the problem of using correspondence in the messenger chats as a source of judicial evidence in resolving labor disputes.
The authors made a final conclusion about the positive attitude of Russian courts to the use of information from the messenger chats as a legal source of judicial evidence. The rules of their application warrant attention.
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Rueda-López, Juan Jesús. "To chat or not to chat? He ahí la función metalingüística." Edutec. Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa, no. 28 (March 20, 2009): a113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21556/edutec.2009.28.472.
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¿Aces o haces? Este no es más que uno de los múltiples ejemplos de opciones gramaticalmente binarias con las que muchos jóvenes del siglo XXI se van a tener que enfrentar ―o lo hacen ya― en contextos académicos y de registros más formales que los «e-mails», «chats» o «SMS» . Mi estudio muestra evidencia ―tras un análisis cualitativo― de que el dilema que abre este apartado es una realidad; también se analizan las repercusiones y consecuencias negativas e involución lingüística producidas por el uso excesivo e inadecuado de las tecnologías de comunicación emergentes en las últimas décadas.AbstractThis study analyzes the linguistic consequences of the overuse of the emerging computerized systems of communication. The written language is undergoing an important change in the raising era of technological advances. Texts are written and produced easily and rapidly thanks to the availability of new «e-devices», fact that imposes a continuous «code-switching» between two apparently different linguistic systems. As a result, the normative orthographic pattern of the language is infringed to achieve fast communication. This phenomenon does not represent a major issue in informal registers. In less casual contexts, however, it represents a sign of metalinguistic unawareness.
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Szymański, Leszek. "Language Awareness in an Internet Chat Room." Respectus Philologicus 24, no. 29 (October 25, 2013): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2013.24.29.17.
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When communicating on the Internet, the participants, so to say, mingle two traditional modes of communication: writing and speech. The phenomenon appears to be most noticeable in chat room interactions. This suggestion is based on the fact that users try to behave as though they are engaged in a spoken act of communication, though the actual medium of communication employs written language forms. Therefore, Internet users need to know what conventions to employ and how to perform such actions in order to express the desired meanings, all with the aim of driving the interaction as close as possible to speech. Such implementations of certain language-related customs require a specific kind of language awareness from the users. This concept, plus the applied conventions, constitute the essence of this article. The discussion begins with an introduction to the research problem, in this case the intentional utilization by Internet chat participants of the graphic mode of communication in order to express their desired meanings. Second, the reader becomes acquainted with the terminology used in the paper, which includes: language awareness, (Internet) chat, and (language) corpus. Moreover, the source of the studied language material—a corpus of Internet chats—is presented. The said description additionally includes the informants’ characteristics, as well as the topicality of their conversations. The further sections of the paper discus the application of selected non-normative spelling conventions and word-formation processes, with the support of examples taken from the corpus. Based on the discussion, an attempt is made to indicate which features comprise certain values to the participants of Internet chats.
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Selcuk, Hasan, and Jane Jones. "Turkish EFL Learner Perceptions of Using a Social Network Environment for Collaborative Writing." International Journal of Smart Education and Urban Society 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijseus.297063.
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In this article we report on a study investigating the perceptions from Turkish High School English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students of using the social media platform Facebook group to undertake a collaborative writing task. Opportunities for these students to advance their writing skills are often limited in classrooms because of curriculum restrictions. This study explored how students in two small groups of three might use their smartphones to collaboratively write a short story outside of the classroom over several weeks. The researchers gathered data from group interviews and online written researcher-participant chats. With minimal support, the students organised themselves enthusiastically for the FB task. Their perceptions of the task were positive, the students feeling comfortable with the FB medium and with each other. Student agency was pivotal in creating an informal social affinity and smart learning space, suggestive of extended writing affordances in other contexts.
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James, Gregory. "Cantonese particles in Hong Kong students' English e-mails." English Today 17, no. 3 (July 2001): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078401003029.
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With the popularisation of the Internet, the use of e-mails and computer-based chats (CBCs) has increased dramatically among university students. An interesting feature of such communication, however, is that a written medium is treated like speech (cf. Maynor, 1994). Conversations turn into notes where grammatical accuracy and conventional formalities take a backseat to instant communication. In the case of on-campus CBCs, informality and a certain disregard of the conventions of standard English are all the more manifest.It is commonly believed in Hong Kong that this general freedom to write ‘bad English’ has encouraged the habit of randomly incorporating Cantonese words into English e-mails. Yet an examination of students' e-mails and icq (‘I Seek You’) communications reveals that far from ‘polluting’ their English by substituting Cantonese words haphazardly for English ones, or by applying Cantonese structures to their English writing, students tend to incorporate certain kinds of Cantonese words systematically into their texts for specific identifiable purposes.
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Canals, Laia. "Translanguaging practices and metalinguistic reflection during negotiation of meaning in tandem virtual exchanges." Bellaterra Journal of Teaching & Learning Language & Literature 16, no. 3 (October 25, 2023): e1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/jtl3.1135.
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Earlier studies exploring translanguaging in virtual exchanges (Walker, 2018; Zheng et al., 2017) have mainly focused on identifying translanguaging in written chats to analyze discursive aspects and feedback processes. However, tandem virtual exchanges provide the possibility of analyzing the negotiation of meaning of linguistic aspects from the perspective of plurilingual practices, such as translanguaging, which have not yet been investigated in these contexts. The present study examines the role that the linguistic repertoires of the learners play in learner-learner interactions in tandem virtual exchanges between college-students at a Canadian and a Spanish university. Eighteen learners interacted online while carrying out oral collaborative tasks where they negotiated and co-created meaning in their respective target languages. In these interactions, the entire linguistic repertoires of the learners scaffolded the conversations and contributed to mutual understanding. Translanguaging practices occurred mostly in inquiries and explanations about linguistic aspects where metalinguistic reflection played an important role.
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Vaicekauskienė, Loreta. "Needs and trends of lexical borrowing in written Lithuanian in 1991-2013." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 3 (March 2, 2015): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2014.17478.
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The paper introduces available databases of new borrowings into Lithuanian and research into their main features and usage in public written texts, including the Internet, in 1991–2013. The research has shown that new borrowings of the Lithuanian language and the process of borrowing follow the same universal and general patterns noticed in other speech communities. Overall, about 1 500 different new borrowings and borrowed derivatives that have entered the Lithuanian language since early 90ies have been included into the databases. Due to the normative tradition of standard written Lithuanian, in more formal domains there is a tendency to graphically highlight borrowings either by inserting the quotation marks or by writing the borrowings in italics. However, in informal Internet texts (chats, commentaries, etc.) the borrowings are usually not highlighted. The morphological adaptation of most borrowings and orthographical adaptation of a large part of them give a clue to the integration potential of the Lithuanian structural paradigms. The distribution of the new borrowings across the word classes follows the patterns identified in other research: most borrowings are nouns, a much lower number of them are adjectives and verbs and a rather insignificant number are adverbs. Most new borrowings in the studied period include borrowings from English (approx. 70 per cent). Borrowings from other languages are much less numerous: depending on a text type, neo-Latinisms make up 5–8 per cent, words of French origin—3–7 per cent, words of Italian origin—4–5 per cent and Greek borrowings—2–3 per cent. The domains that include most new borrowings are technology and engineering, food, economics and business, also music. As already mentioned, borrowings from English clearly dominate in most domains. However, the semantic field of food seems to be the most diverse in terms of the origin of borrowings: most borrowings are of Italian origin, others come from of English, French, Spanish, Japanese and other languages. French and neoclassical borrowings make up more than 70 per cent of all borrowed law terms and almost 40 per cent of the terms of economics and business. The research of new borrowings into Lithuanian reveals fundamental changes in the socio-cultural development of the society and highlights the potential of the Lithuanian language to adapt to the needs of the speakers and to preserve the marks of ongoing cultural changes.
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Ruso, Nazenin. "Motivating the Passive Learner Through Exploring His Social Skills." European Journal of Education and Pedagogy 4, no. 3 (June 17, 2023): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2023.4.3.634.
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The present action research investigates whether it is possible to improve the social skills of university students with the help of peers and the classroom teacher. In this study, mainly a qualitative approach, case study methodology is adopted, and a student’s social skills are analyzed by the researcher, who is the classroom teacher. A male student’s social skills are examined within a classroom context, within a real-life situation to decide whether it is possible for a teacher to improve the social skills of university students. Classroom observations, private chats, discussions and written classwork were used to collect data. In terms of methodology, the current research proceeded in four phases as selecting the student who needs training in certain social skills, identifying powerful reinforcers that will motivate the student to attempt the new behavior, specifically defining the targeted behavior to be taught, and the task analysis of the target behavior. The findings of the study reveal that teachers can contribute to the social skills of their students if they want to.
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Poltoratska, Alla. "Humans and animals in Bernard Werber’s novel «Tomorrow the Cats» (Demain les Chats)." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Fìlologìâ 13, no. 23 (2020): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2020-13-23-99-105.
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Characters of animals have been present in the literature since its emergence up to present times. However, at the end of the XIX and the beginning of the XXI century they gained growing interest of literary critics, philosophers, historians, anthropologists, biologists and ecologists that gives scope for studying characters of animals as an interdisciplinary phenomenon. The purpose of the present paper is to study the position of animals in human culture, society, and the relationship between people and animals. It is worth noting that the contemporary authors tend to abandon the dominant position of a person and reveal one of the modern issues, namely, the vulnerability of all creatures before the cruelty of the world. One of such novels is “Tomorrow the Cats” written by the famous French writer, Bernard Werber. The main idea of the novel is to depict a person through lens of an animal. In his novel, Bernard Werber shows the world through cats’ eyes and predicts the proper evolution of humanity. A new perspective of human-animal interaction is the leveling differences between them. In the novel animals can understand language, read, perceive information, predict, behave like a person having a purpose to make friends with people. Bernard Werber points to the rights and protection of animals of humiliations they have been experiencing throughout human history. Contemporary human being has to understand: neither man should rule over nature, nor nature should rule over man. The writer’s vision of the future relationship between species and the conditional symbiosis of animals for their salvation is examined in the article. Besides, new transformations of human-animal relations are studied in the paper and the reasons for mentioned changes are outlined. After all, against the background of the war, the author depicts the contemporary problem of human interaction with the outside world, in which the threat to all creatures is not only looting, but also a plague of rats seeking domination in the city. For the common salvation of animals they are joining to humans. So the author interprets in such a way the image of animal as species closed to man. Thus, Bernard Werber represents changes in human perception of the animal, characterized by man’s desire to worry about the lives of other species. The author seeks to warn a man describing a number of situations in which a man is cruel to the world around him and to his own species. The writer seeks to warn people of the terrible consequences of their actions in order to protect them. Bernard Werber says that the mission of people on the earth is changing, they should worry not only about their existence, but also about existence of the world around them.
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Tabe, Camilla Arundie, and Peniel Zaazra Nouhou. "The Changing Patterns of English Spelling in Cameroon Social Media." CLAREP Journal of English and Linguistics 3 (October 10, 2021): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56907/g3fby37h.
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Globalisation, which is facilitated by technological development, has led to an increasing proportion of informal communication on social media platforms. The growing interactions on these platforms have led to tremendous changes in the way English is written. The aim of this study is to investigate the changing forms of English spelling on e-messages on Facebook (FBK), Messenger (MSG) and WhatsApp (WHAP) chats by Cameroonians. The paper identifies and describes the different spellings for specific words or abbreviations and their frequencies in the corpora. The researchers explore the patterns of spelling that are atypical in English. Insights are drawn from Crystal (2006) and Thurlow (2006) who put forth views on language alterations in the context of the internet. Data for the study consists of a convenient sample of 300 e-messages from Facebook (50), Messenger (100) and WhatsApp (150). Findings show that many Cameroonians use innovative spellings on social media. They use a variety of casual and regional spellings that reflect their illocutionary force, intention and identity. It was established that globalisation and social media have intensified changes in English spelling, and it is a positive growth in the English language as a whole.
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Santanna, Ekaterina A. "Exploring Lecturers Ethical Dilemmas in Digital Communication: A Case Study of Telegram Usage in College Education in Russia." Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia 8, no. 2 (December 26, 2023): 437–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25008/jkiski.v8i2.919.
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This research examined the ethical implications of using Telegram chats in college education, focusing on the Social Penetration Theory (SPT) to understand its impact on interpersonal relationships. The study aims to identify ethical dilemmas faced by lecturers and chat administrators. Data was collected from the Creative Industry Faculty in Novosibirsk, Russia, using hermeneutic phenomenological interviewing between February and April 2023. The sample includes six female lecturers (age M=35, SD=15) and three chat administrators (two female, one male; age M=20, SD=2), who provided written consent and used pseudonyms. The findings of this research revealed ethical concerns such as students seeking attention and engaging in provocative behavior through jokes and intolerant remarks. Students also desired more informal communication with lecturers, crossing boundaries by sharing personal problems and engaging in discussions involving partying, smoking, and alcohol use. These behaviors presented ethical dilemmas for lecturers and chat administrators, including decisions about sharing received information and addressing online behavior offline. The study highlights the need for ethical regulations in online college communication. Limitations include the small sample size, and future research should include more diverse groups of lecturers and officials from various college departments.
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Lazzarotto, G. B., M. I. Timm, M. L. Zaro, A. J. S. Siqueira, and A. M. P. Azevedo. "BIOCHEMISTRY TEACHING WITH VIRTUAL DYNAMIC METABOLIC DIAGRAMS." Revista de Ensino de Bioquímica 2, no. 2 (May 15, 2004): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.16923/reb.v2i2.135.
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This work presents a game like educational software (courseware) to study metabolic pathways, calledDiagrama Metabolico Din^amico Virtual (DMDV) of Krebs Cycle. The experience acquired teachingwith the logical sequence tray games in the FFFCMPAs Biochemistry Course provides the beddingswith the use of this model as education method. With DMDV, students can assembly the sequenceof reactions that describe the desired metabolic pathway, create situational models which can guidehis/her choices, reduce the subject complexity of the scheme in knowledge construction presentingin a graphical way the current interrelations. Biochemistry teachers can use the present software inclassroom as well as distance classes. This product integrates multimedia resources extensively andis distributed in CD-ROM format. The virtual environment will make possible interaction of thestudent with the environment and with colleagues and teachers, through tools as chats and forum.Experience with the use of this method was carried through with two distinct groups of students.The rst group was composed by 11 students, who were more familiar with the content and answereda specic questionnaire to previously evaluate the software. The second group was formed by 24students regularly registered in the FFFCMPAs Biochemistry Course, who used the software as astudy method. The rst group considered DMDV of easy and pleasant navigation. The knowledgeevaluation of the second group students was made by a written test and the analysis of three conceptualmaps constructed by each one of them: one map before initiating the study with the DMDV, thesecond just after the study and the third one two months later. Every conceptual maps producedafter DMDV method showed an expansion of valid concepts if compared with the rst maps. Simplevisual comparison of maps shows that new elements where added. All students who passed throughthe experiment reached a greater than ve grade in the subjects written test. Current results suggestthe validity of the DMDV related method to metabolic pathway study.
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Vincze, Veronika, Ágoston Nagy, Csilla Horváth, Norbert Szilágyi, István Kozmács, Edit Bogár, and Anna Fenyvesi. "FinUgRevita: Developing Language Technology Tools for Udmurt and Mansi." Septentrio Conference Series, no. 2 (June 17, 2015): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/5.3473.
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Nowadays, digital language use such as reading and writing e-mails, chats, messages, weblogs and comments on websites and social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter has increased the amount of written language production for most of the users. Thus, it is primarily important for speakers of minority languages to have the possibility of using their own languages in the digital world too. The FinUgRevita project aims at providing computational language tools for endangered indigenous Finno-Ugric languages in Russia, assisting the speakers of these languages in using the indigenous languages in the digital space. Currently, we are working on two Finno-Ugric minority languages, namely, Udmurt and Mansi. In the project, we have been developing electronic dictionaries for both languages, besides, we have been creating corpora with a substantial number of texts collected, among other sources like literature, newspaper articles and social media. We have been also implementing morphological analyzers for both languages, exploiting the lexical entries of our dictionaries. We believe that the results achieved by the FinUgRevita project will contribute to the revitalization of Udmurt and Mansi and the tools to be developed will help these languages establish their existence in the digital space as well.
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Kozlova, Larissa A. "[Rev.] Doktorov B.Z. Never Ending Chats with Classics and Contemporaries. A Practice in Historical-Biographical Analysis: Monograph / B.Z. Doktorov. Moscow: TsSPiM publ., 2018." Sociological Journal 24, no. 4 (2018): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2018.24.4.6104.
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The book reviewed in this article is the result of many years of historical-sociological and historical-biographical studies conducted by B.Z. Doktorov. It contains generalizations of certain results of analyzing biographies, while also introducing the reader to the methodology and procedure of the historical-sociological pursuit. The book was written, in the words of the author himself, in the form of a “mental dialog” with the characters of the biographical narrative; it contains methodological clarifications, as well as descriptions of the creation of the texts included within the book. It contains the author’s previously published work, dedicated to American scientists who conducted studies of public opinion (G. Gallup, H. Cantril, D. Ogilvy), as well as Russian sociologists belonging to the four eldest generations (B.A. Grushin, V.A. Yadov, T.I. Zaslavskaya, Y.A. Levada, A.N. Alekseev, V.B. Golofast, G.S. Batygin). The early activity of the first generation is associated with a period of rebirth (second generation) for Russian sociology during the 1950’s and 1960’s. This review describes the origins of B.Z. Doktorov’s interest towards the research problems; a short summary of the book is given; described is the research methodology of a generational approach; also revealed is the importance of B.Z. Doktorov’s work when it comes to the history of Russian sociology and historical-biographical studies.
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Salmi, Salim, Saskia Mérelle, Renske Gilissen, and Willem-Paul Brinkman. "Content-Based Recommender Support System for Counselors in a Suicide Prevention Chat Helpline: Design and Evaluation Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): e21690. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21690.
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Background The working environment of a suicide prevention helpline requires high emotional and cognitive awareness from chat counselors. A shared opinion among counselors is that as a chat conversation becomes more difficult, it takes more effort and a longer amount of time to compose a response, which, in turn, can lead to writer’s block. Objective This study evaluates and then designs supportive technology to determine if a support system that provides inspiration can help counselors resolve writer’s block when they encounter difficult situations in chats with help-seekers. Methods A content-based recommender system with sentence embedding was used to search a chat corpus for similar chat situations. The system showed a counselor the most similar parts of former chat conversations so that the counselor would be able to use approaches previously taken by their colleagues as inspiration. In a within-subject experiment, counselors’ chat replies when confronted with a difficult situation were analyzed to determine if experts could see a noticeable difference in chat replies that were obtained in 3 conditions: (1) with the help of the support system, (2) with written advice from a senior counselor, or (3) when receiving no help. In addition, the system’s utility and usability were measured, and the validity of the algorithm was examined. Results A total of 24 counselors used a prototype of the support system; the results showed that, by reading chat replies, experts were able to significantly predict if counselors had received help from the support system or from a senior counselor (P=.004). Counselors scored the information they received from a senior counselor (M=1.46, SD 1.91) as significantly more helpful than the information received from the support system or when no help was given at all (M=–0.21, SD 2.26). Finally, compared with randomly selected former chat conversations, counselors rated the ones identified by the content-based recommendation system as significantly more similar to their current chats (β=.30, P<.001). Conclusions Support given to counselors influenced how they responded in difficult conversations. However, the higher utility scores given for the advice from senior counselors seem to indicate that specific actionable instructions are preferred. We expect that these findings will be beneficial for developing a system that can use similar chat situations to generate advice in a descriptive style, hence helping counselors through writer’s block.
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Vukomanović, Aleksandar, Nemanja Deretić, Miloš Kabiljo, and Rade Matić. "AN EXAMPLE OF CHATBOT IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA." Journal of process management and new technologies 10, no. 1-2 (June 22, 2022): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jpmnt10-38635.
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Students can retrieve information from the website or use the services of an existing information system (provided the information system is on the internet). However, we know from experience that searching a website is time-consuming or even inaccurate, and the functionality of the information system is limited. Chatbot makes it more natural, efficient and faster. Chatbot can understand natural language, i.e. written text and voice messages. It gives precise answers and performs all actions intended by the website and / or the information system. But the website and the information system do not have the richness of language that the chatbot has. You have to log in to the information system and know how to use it, and each new version requires new learning. If you know how Viber or FB Messenger work, you probably know how to use chatbot. The services provided by chatbot are visible on communication platforms used by a large number of users, and thus the quality of these services is better. Due to the use of chats, the human resources of the educational institution are redirected/retrained to more responsible and creative jobs because the workload has been relieved. The paper presents a chatbot called ADA, developed at the Belgrade Business and Arts Academy of Applied Studies (BAPUSS), and shows basic usage statistics. It also points out the importance of chatbots as a communication channel in educational institutions.
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Vukomanović, Aleksandar, Nemanja Deretić, Miloš Kabiljo, and Rade Matić. "An example of chatbot in the field of education in the Republic of Serbia." Journal of Process Management and New Technologies 10, no. 1-2 (2022): 125–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jouproman2201125v.
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Students can retrieve information from the website or use the services of an existing information system (provided the information system is on the internet). However, we know from experience that searching a website is time-consuming or even inaccurate, and the functionality of the information system is limited. Chatbot makes it more natural, efficient and faster. Chatbot can understand natural language, i.e. written text and voice messages. It gives precise answers and performs all actions intended by the website and / or the information system. But the website and the information system do not have the richness of language that the chatbot has. You have to log in to the information system and know how to use it, and each new version requires new learning. If you know how Viber or FB Messenger work, you probably know how to use chatbot. The services provided by chatbot are visible on communication platforms used by a large number of users, and thus the quality of these services is better. Due to the use of chats, the human resources of the educational institution are redirected/retrained to more responsible and creative jobs because the workload has been relieved. The paper presents a chatbot called ADA, developed at the Belgrade Business and Arts Academy of Applied Studies (BAPUSS), and shows basic usage statistics. It also points out the importance of chatbots as a communication channel in educational institutions.
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Maulina, Maulina, Rahmat Nasrullah, and Risman Wanci. "Social Media Utilization for Self-Regulated English Learning during COVID-19 Outbreaks." Tell : Teaching of English Language and Literature Journal 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/tell.v10i1.12599.
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It is quite challenging at this moment for undergraduate students to study from home (SFH) during the COVID-19 outbreaks. Social distancing practices applied during the coronavirus outbreaks to most of the public settings, including at academic activities at university. Fortunately, there have been many platforms of social media provided and accessed easily in this digital era. This current study aimed at investigating and understanding higher education students’ perspectives on social media in learning English independently in the COVID-19 outbreak. Researchers used an online survey as the main research instrument to gather data from 147 potential students to be the respondents to fill out the survey from three universities in the Sulawesi region, Indonesia. The result showed that 81% of respondents used WhatsApp as the medium to study autonomously at home during the pandemic. Besides, YouTube (77.6%), Instagram (57.8%), Facebook (29.3%), and Twitter (24.5%) also became the additional choices. They used those friendly-users and cheap accessed social media platforms to watch and to listen to English videos (79.6%) also to have the written chats in English with friends and teachers (67.3%) as well as to have the audio and video calling in English (36.1%). Further, during the pandemic, respondents improve their speaking skills (37.4%), listening skills (29.3%), reading skills (17%), and writing skills (16.3%) through social media. Even though the world is distracted, university students in this region keep their motivation to learn English from home autonomously.
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Akbar, Rahima. "Arabizi Among Kuwaiti Youths: Reshaping the Standard Arabic Orthography." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n1p301.
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Arabizi is a trendy language phenomenon utilized by young Arabs to communicate across various social platforms. Young Kuwaitis seem to not be any exception in that regard. This paper aims mainly at investigating the linguistic features of Arabizi as produced by the young generation in Kuwait, and the reasons for which the practice has been persistent amongst the youth community. The main corpus data was collected from spontaneous WhatsApp chats of 35 young Kuwaiti respondents who provided 400 of their e-messages to be linguistically analyzed by the researcher. A digital questionnaire was also implemented to illicit respondents’ responses on the reasons for which young Kuwaitis use Arabizi in their e-messages. Due to the heterogeneity of the spontaneous corpus, supplemental data was provided from a story writing that was sent to the respondents to be re-written in the style they choose when they normally chat on WhatsApp. From a linguistic point of view, the study reveals a number of tendencies that place Arabizi as a unique method of communication with a profile that employs both transcription and transliteration in the way it represents its consonants vs. vowels, Kuwaiti dialectical phoneme shifts and the wide use of extralinguistic features. Intensive code-switching and mixing has also been displayed. The present study also signifies a number of sociolinguistic reasons for which Kuwaiti users of Arabizi employ the script in their e-communication across social platforms.
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Lee, Juhee, and Jayoung Song. "The impact of group composition and task design on foreign language learners’ interactions in mobile-based intercultural exchanges." ReCALL 32, no. 1 (July 2, 2019): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344019000119.
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AbstractThis study examines the impact of group composition (one-on-one vs. multiple-to-multiple) and task design (student-selected vs. teacher-assigned) on undergraduate foreign language learners’ interactions in a mobile-based intercultural exchange. The participants, 27 Korean students learning English as a foreign language and 27 American students learning Korean as a foreign language, interacted in pairs and groups via mobile phones to complete weekly tasks for eight weeks. This study used mixed methods to analyze the data from mobile chat scripts, questionnaires, and interviews. The results indicated that the one-on-one and multiple-to-multiple groups did not differ significantly regarding contact frequency or number of written chats. However, one-on-one and multiple-to-multiple interactions did differ with regard to the quality of the interactions, reflecting the unique nature of each group composition. A one-on-one relationship promoted a higher level of intimacy and friendship, thus rendering it appropriate for providing linguistic and emotional support in learning foreign languages. In contrast, multiple-to-multiple communications were found to be more beneficial for learning about different perspectives on the target cultures. In terms of task design, teacher-assigned tasks guided students to engage in productive interactions effectively, whereas student-selected tasks elicited their personal investment in the tasks. Supporting social interdependence theory (Johnson & Johnson, 1989, 2009), we argue that the establishment of intimate relationships among group members may be the key to quality interactions in mobile-based intercultural exchanges.
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Takiedddine, Yahia, and Belabes Taqiyeddine. "Personal communication as a phenomenon in Algerian society: an ethnographic study on a sample of families in the state of M'Sila." African Journal of Social Work 13, no. 6 (December 30, 2023): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i6.3.
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This study was conducted in the province of M’Sila, Algeria, to understand the patterns of personal communication the patterns refer to the exchange of information, ideas, opinions, or emotions between two or more individuals in a direct and personal manner, typically through verbal or nonverbal means such as face-to-face conversations, phone calls, video chats, or written messages. It can occur between friends, family members, within families and its importance in strengthening family relationships. The researchers used Ethnographic methodology as a technique to reach the participants observation and interview tools to analyze the patterns of personal communication within families. The study showed that personal communication within families is continuous and characterized by affection, love, and respect, and there are differences in personal communication patterns between older and younger generations. The study also indicated that personal communication plays an important role in building family relationships, enhancing communication, and empathy among family members. The results of this study can be used to design training and educational programs to promote personal communication within families and enhance family relationships, thus promoting family health and stability. How to reference using ASWNet style: Takiedddine Y & Taqiyeddine B. (2023). Personal communication as a phenomenon in Algerian society: an ethnographic study on a sample of families in the state of M'Sila. African Journal of Social Work, 13(6), 294-302. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajsw.v13i6.3 Visit journal website: https://ajsw.africasocialwork.net
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Alsadan, Najlaa Musaad. "EXTRACTING THE NEEDS OF THE LABOR MARKET IN RIYADH THROUGH TWITTER USING TEXT CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUES." international journal of advanced research in computer science 14, no. 5 (October 20, 2023): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26483/ijarcs.v14i5.7017.
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Recently, Twitter has attracted a great deal of spread and attention. It is one of the most common social networking sites for sharing ideas, chats, and transfer of information and news through text. The labor market is where the supply and demand for jobs meet, with employees satisfying employer needs for certain services. On the one hand, certain jobs are being eliminated, while others are being replaced by new jobs that were not even possible a few years ago. In this paper, we focused on labor market classification of twitter data belonging to Riyadh city and written in Modern Standard Arabic. We want to classify Arabic jobs’ tweets to determine the trending of required job in Riyadh city. Twitter’s API was used to collect tweets related to labor market. Five different classifiers were used on the dataset namely; Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multinomial Naive Bayes (M-NB), Decision Tree (DT), Gradient Boosting Classifier (GBC), and Random Forest (RF).to classify the tweets based on their related job classes. We evaluated our work by four different measures which are Precision, Recall, Accuracy and F-measure. We made a comparison between the five classifiers based on those measures. The results show that RF achieved the best Accuracy and F-measure, and it equals 93.62%, 93% respectively. In addition, we found that the trend of labor market needed was administrative jobs “وظائف ادارية. “. The percentages of that job class that related to 384 jobs about 19.2%.
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Tóthová, Lenka, and Jitka Sedláčková. "Fostering autonomy in learners with special needs: a specialized e-learning course." Language Learning in Higher Education 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 471–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cercles-2021-2022.
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Abstract International engagement has become a priority and is regarded as a means to improve the quality of students’ education and their future social and professional success. It may, however, pose a major challenge for some higher education students. One of the vulnerable groups is that of learners with special needs, and particularly Deaf, deaf and hard of hearing students. These learners are limited in their chances to interact in spoken/written foreign languages and in the learning opportunities they can join. This, by extension, has an unfavourable impact on their possibilities of engaging in study abroad. Based on the experience with a newly launched e-learning course “Online English for International Mobilities”, the present paper discusses the need for building effective FL learning strategies in Deaf, deaf and hard of hearing students in connection with the process of academic internationalisation. The main argument is for the need to foster students’ ability to self-regulate, reduce their teacher dependency and reliance on directed learning, and to encourage them to take responsibility for their own learning. Secondly, the paper provides a comparison of two pilot runs of the course from the perspective of (online) classroom dynamics and cooperation. While the course is built to be as autonomous as possible and benefits from the advantages of the e-learning format, great importance is given to group dynamics and cooperation via discussion forums and online chats. It also takes advantage of the considerable benefits of individualized, personalized feedback being provided by teachers on selected assignments.
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Miller, Vivian, Nancy Kusmaul, Jacquelyn Burns, and Ji Hyang Cheon. "It Was Heartbreaking . . . It Was Horrible: The Experiences of Nursing Home Residents’ Children During COVID-19." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.356.
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Abstract As a result of COVID-19, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) suspended all outside visitors from entering nursing homes on March 13, 2020. For more than six months, care partners were only permitted in compassionate care situations, so adult children of residents were only able to contact their parents via phone calls, video chats, window visits, and in some cases, limited outdoor visits. Experts have written on the adverse, detrimental impact of this lack of connection and isolation has had on residents. However, the lived experiences from the perspectives of residents’ adult children remain largely absent from the literature. To uncover the experiences of these care partners, semi-structured interviews were conducted (N=12) from December 2020 to February 2021. Adult children shared witnessing their parent’ physical and cognitive decline which they attributed to the lack of visitors. Care partners expressed feeling frustrated that they were unable to observe their parent’s health condition, and could not provide support. Also, many rightfully worried they would never see their loved one again. Findings from this study reveal implications for nursing home leaders and policymakers, such as building infrastructure and systems that both ensure safety and allow care partners to regularly see their residents in long-term care to avoid the unintended adverse consequences of these policies. Further, findings from this research indicate the need for future programs to mitigate and lessen the long-term consequences this isolation has had on both residents and their adult children.
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Bruns, Thomas. "The role of the internet in the proliferation of new acronyms in the Russian language." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 17, no. 3 (2020): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2020.301.
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This paper focuses on a special form of English borrowing: the use of acronyms with phraseological meaning. The Russian computer language, more precisely the Russian computer slang, is unthinkable without the influence of English. This influence is manifested at various language levels and in a variety of forms (borrowings, calques and half-calques, univerbats, reverse derivatives, alphabetic and alphanumeric abbreviations, “distorted forms” of both full names and acronyms). Based on the English abbreviations, first the meaning of the respective full form is explained in English and then its fate is illustrated in the Russian host language. Comparison with German, which also borrowed a large number of such abbreviations, shows similarities and differences in the processing of these phraseological units. The term “digital communication” here refers not only to communication on the Internet in a narrower sense (chats, forums, e-mail, etc.), but also to such channels as SMS, Twitter, WhatsApp, and others. The Internet plays a double role in the development of the modern Russian language: firstly, as a means of mass communication that provides an opportunity to popularize new linguistic phenomena in the shortest possible time and with maximum range, and secondly, as a generator of new linguistic forms that would be impossible without the Internet itself. One part of these neologisms refers to the technical features of digital communication and the tools necessary for it, while the other part refers to the implementation of a new communicative style that is clearly different from analogue communication in its oral and written forms.
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Gudmanian, Artur, Liubov Drotianko, Sergiy Sydorenko, Oksana Zhuravliova, and Sergiy Yahodzinskyi. "Social transformations of speech culture in information age." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 03081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913503081.
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The paper looks at the major technological, sociocultural and linguistic factors that are changing the nature of interpersonal communication in the Information Age, and some manifestations of these changes. Rapid progress of technology, above all, the advent of the Internet, brought about dramatic changes in the modes and parameters of human communication over the recent decades. New types of written communication arose and have firmly established themselves on the global scale – in social networks, chats, blogs, forums and various Internet communities. Having created unprecedented possibilities for connecting with people irrespective of their location, age or social status, innovative technology is at the same time challenging standards of communication ethics and speech culture. Sociocultural transformations in the modern society, democratization of social relations contribute to weakening of speech norms and deterioration of overall speech culture, especially among young people. The increasing role of English as a language of global communication and its reputation of the dominant language of new technology and virtual reality are inevitably influencing speech habits of the Internet users across the globe. The combined work of all these factors results in visible deterioration of speech culture, standardization and simplification of speech, elimination of cultural specificity, tendency to replace expressive language means with emoji, downgrading of style, defying norms of spelling, word use and grammar. Obvious irreversibility of technological progress and the growing share of life people spend online call on specialists from various related fields to continue comprehensive analysis of transformations of speech culture in the modern world with the aim to assess societal risks and work out timely and adequate countermeasures.
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Udoudom, Juliet Charles, and Prince Wekpa. "Nigerian Online English: An Analysis of Its Nominal Group Structure." CLAREP Journal of English and Linguistics 4 (October 10, 2022): 51–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.56907/gkau45hh.
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Online/Internet English is generally considered by scholars in the field of Information Communications Technology (ICT) discourse research to exhibit usage features which mark it as an emergent sub-variety of the English language (Crystal, 2005, 2011; Posteguillo, 2002). Furthermore, Tagliamonte and Denis (2008) observed that the language used on the internet possesses its own grammar, lexicon, graphology and usage conditions. In fact, there have been proposals advanced for ICT discourse research to treat Internet language as a ‘new medium’ and to investigate it as a discipline on its own terms (Crystal, 2003). This study is aimed at analysing the Nominal Group (NG) structure of English used by Nigerians on the Internet. The NG data analyzed in this study were obtained from written productions by Nigerian users of the Internet of four platforms of the social media: Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram and Twitter. The data were obtained by screenshots of discussion threads in the various media group chats, posts and comments found on the platforms studied. Using insights from the Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), the isolated NG structures were analysed and found to be mainly syntactic chunks of clauses with expanded structures ‘padded’ with experiential elements which should normally be elements of clause structure. A further syntactic feature of NG constructions which was observed to occur in social media English studied is the tendency to be left-dislocated. It could be concluded that the structural variations observed in the grammar of Internet English derive from constraints of the medium, for instance, character limitation, the creative nature of language and the creative discernment of users of the Internet.
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Mirahayuni, Ni Ketut, and Susie Chrismalia Garnida. "‘Sapi perah’ or ‘kuda beban’: Cultural Values in Indonesian Proverbs Associated with Horse, Cow, Buffalo and Donkey." KnE Social Sciences 1, no. 3 (April 13, 2017): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v1i3.737.
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<p>Proverbs, a short well-known saying in figures of speech or symbolism, seem to have stood the test of ages for their usefulness in modern society. Proverbs have been found to serve people well as a significant rhetoric force in both oral and written communication, from friendly chats, powerful political speeches, and religious sermons to lyrical poetry, best-seller novels, and the influential mass media (Mieder, 2004). Proverbs reveal an awareness of the human condition and human flaws that make their distant voices ring with clarity, humor, wit, and insight (Barajaz, 2010). This paper reported a study of cultural values Indonesian proverbs associated with horse, buffalo, cow and donkey. The purpose is to identify how these animals are culturally perceived and used in transferring wisdom, acceptable and favourable manners and moral conducts. The data comprise 80 Indonesian proverbs using any of the four animals in their expressions, gathered from various printed and electronic sources. The study found that proverbs using these four animals are used to show both positive and negative human attitudes. Positively, they illustrate the values of self-motivation, hard-work and devotion to duty, truthfulness, dependability, well-adjustment, fairness and justice. Negatively, they exemplify foolishness, arrogance, hypocritical attitude, inherent wickedness, unfavorable attitude towards opposite sex, over-excitement and being in a dilemmatic situation. The study shows that such values have been orally taught and transferred within the context of familiar daily objects and situations in the chiefly agricultural cultures. The proverbs mainly function to convey advice on acceptable attitudes, manners, and moral conducts.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>figurative language, Indonesian proverbs, cultural values</em></p>
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Gant, Helen, and Zhou Mingyu. "Substantiation of strategies for individual psychological support of basketball players." Sports games 4(30), no. 4(30) (November 1, 2023): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/si.2023-4.01.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of individualized psychological strategies developed for basketball players aged 12-14 years and aimed at improving their sports competence. Material and methods. The study was conducted among 24 basketball players aged 12 to 14 years. Participants were divided into the main group (MG) and the control group (CG). Athletes from the MG took part in a remote psychological support program. To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological support strategies, the "Self-perceptions for children: manual and questionnaires" method was used according to the standardized procedure outlined in the original manual by Susan Harter (2012). Written consent from the parents of the participants was obtained before the survey, ensuring that their data would be processed confidentially and used only within the scope of the research. Young athletes were asked to complete a questionnaire covering aspects of their self-perception of sporting achievements, social perception, academic competence, physical fitness, overall self-esteem, and more. Within the framework of the individual trajectory of psychological support, athletes from the MG participated in remote sessions where developed individualized psychological support strategies were employed. It has been demonstrated that individual and group psychological strategies, developed based on contemporary theories and scientific research, effectively enhance the self-perception and social skills of young basketball players aged 12-14 years. It is substantiated that the use of remote technologies, such as video conferences and chats, allows for an individualized approach to each player, even at a distance, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the psychological support program. It has been proven that the integration of modern theories of self-regulation, positive thinking, and other psychological approaches into the practice of psychological support for young athletes contributes to overcoming internal barriers and achieving new heights in sports performance. The analysis highlights the importance of an individualized approach in psychological support, emphasizing its role as a key factor in the development and self-realization strategies of athletes.
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Fix, Andrew. "De ingebeelde chaos, written by Hendrik Wyermars." Church History and Religious Culture 96, no. 3 (2016): 445–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18712428-09603030.
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Ved, Priti, and Tim Coupe. "Improving prescription quality in an in-patient mental health unit: three cycles of clinical audit." Psychiatric Bulletin 31, no. 8 (August 2007): 293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.106.012963.
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Aims and MethodWe undertook three cycles of clinical audit of prescription charts to improve the quality of the prescriptions written in an in-patient unit. Pharmacy and medical staff reviewed a total of 1466 prescriptions on 242 prescription charts against local guidelines and provided feedback to medical staff. The pharmacist also regularly reviewed prescription charts on the wards between audits.ResultsAfter three cycles of audit, 99.5% of prescriptions written were legible. The recording of drug allergies, section 58 status and patient age remained poor.Clinical ImplicationsA combination of clinical audit and continual pharmacist review of prescription charts can improve the quality of prescriptions written by medical staff in an in-patient unit.