Relevant bibliographies by topics / WR

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'WR'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "WR"

1

Yammine, Halim. "“WR”." Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal 12, no. 4 (November 2016): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.14797/mdcj-12-4-238.

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Fahey, Robert C., and Gerald L. Newton. "Measurement of WR-2721, WR-1065, and WR-33278 in plasma." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 11, no. 6 (June 1985): 1193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-3016(85)90069-0.

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3

Spence, A. M., K. A. Krohn, J. E. Steele, S. E. Edmondson, and J. S. Rasey. "WR-2721, WR-77913 and WR-3689 radioprotection in the rat spinal cord." Pharmacology & Therapeutics 39, no. 1-3 (January 1988): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0163-7258(88)90044-7.

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&NA;. "WR 6026." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1191 (June 1999): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-199911910-00020.

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Liu, Yang, Chengdong Lin, and Zhenjiang Li. "WR-Hand." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, no. 3 (September 9, 2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478112.

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This paper presents WR-Hand, a wearable-based system tracking 3D hand pose of 14 hand skeleton points over time using Electromyography (EMG) and gyroscope sensor data from commercial armband. This system provides a significant leap in wearable sensing and enables new application potentials in medical care, human-computer interaction, etc. A challenge is the armband EMG sensors inevitably collect mixed EMG signals from multiple forearm muscles because of the fixed sensor positions on the device, while prior bio-medical models for hand pose tracking are built on isolated EMG signal inputs from isolated forearm spots for different muscles. In this paper, we leverage the recent success of neural networks to enhance the existing bio-medical model using the armband's EMG data and visualize our design to understand why our solution is effective. Moreover, we propose solutions to place the constructed hand pose reliably in a global coordinate system, and address two practical issues by providing a general plug-and-play version for new users without training and compensating for the position difference in how users wear their armbands. We implement a prototype using different commercial armbands, which is lightweight to execute on user's phone in real-time. Extensive evaluation shows the efficacy of the WR-Hand design.
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Mellema, G., and P. Lundqvist. "Stellar wind bubbles around WR and [WR] stars." Astronomy & Astrophysics 394, no. 3 (October 21, 2002): 901–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20021164.

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7

Arnal, E. M., C. E. Cappa, J. R. Rizzo, and S. Cichowolski. "The Interstellar Medium around Galactic WN Stars: WR 2, WR 128, and WR 151." Astronomical Journal 118, no. 4 (October 1999): 1798–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/301043.

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Cichowolski, S., and E. M. Arnal. "An Effelsberg HI study of the ISM around WR 126, WR 154 and WR 155." Astronomy & Astrophysics 414, no. 1 (January 2004): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20031620.

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9

de Nicolau, C. Cappa, V. S. Niemela, U. Herbstmeier, and B. Koribalski. "Search for HI Bubbles Around WR Stars: WR 149." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 169 (1996): 619–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900230465.

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The interaction of strong stellar winds with the interstellar medium creates large cavities or interstellar bubbles surrounded by expanding outer shells. 21-cm line (HI) observations have revealed the presence of such neutral gas bubbles around several WR stars (e.g. Niemela & Cappa de Nicolau 1991 and references therein; Dubner et al. 1992).Continuing our search for HI bubbles around WR stars, we have analyzed the neutral hydrogen distribution in the vicinity of the Wolf-Rayet star WR149, a highly reddened WN6-7 star located at 6.5 kpc in the direction (l,b) = (89.°53,+0.°65).
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Xiaoxin Zhou, Shashi Phadtare, Jefferey Schmidt, Krishna Agrawal, and Vimal Kishore. "Synthesis and radioprotective effects of new phosphorothioate esters of WR-2721, WR-3689 and WR-151327." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 7, no. 6 (March 1997): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00081-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "WR"

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Huenemoerder, David, K. Gayley, Wolf-Rainer Hamann, Richard Ignace, J. Nichols, Lidia M. Oskinova, A. M. T. Pollock, and N. Schulz. "High Resolution X-ray Spec- tra of WR 6." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2699.

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As WR 6 is a putatively single WN4 star, and is relatively bright (V = 6.9), it is an ideal case for studying the wind mechanisms in these extremely luminous stars. To obtain higher resolution spectra at higher energy (above 1 keV) than previously obtained with the XMM/Newton RGS, we have observed WR 6 with the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer for 450 ks. We have resolved emission lines of S, Si, Mg, Ne, and Fe, which all show a “fin”-shaped profile, characteristic of a self-absorbed uniformly expanding shell. Steep blue edges gives robust maximal expansion velocities of about 2000 km/s, somewhat larger than the 1700 km/s derived from UV lines. The He-like lines all indicate that X-ray emitting plasmas are far from the photosphere – even at the higher energies where opacity is lowest – as was also the case for the longer wavelength lines observed with XMM-Newton/RGS. Abundances determined from X-ray spectral modeling indicate enhancements consistent with nucleosynthesis. The star was also variable in X-rays and in simultaneous optical photometry obtained with Chandra aspect camera, but not coherently with the optically known period of 3.765 days.
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Langan, Sinéad. "A prospective study of the effects of environmental factors on eczema in children." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11775/.

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Background: Eczema is an important condition as it affects 20% of children in the UK and is associated with significant morbidity for children and their families. Although some progress in understanding factors associated with the occurrence of eczema has been made, very little is known about factors associated with disease worsening. Most textbooks and review articles quote long lists of exacerbating factors but with very little scientific data to support them. Before I could begin to study this topic, I first had to define a disease flare in eczema, systematically review the literature on flare factors in eczema and review available outcome measures for eczema. Objectives: The objectives of the main study described in this thesis were to assess the role of various environmental factors on the severity of eczema in a cohort of children with eczema. Hypotheses: 1. In hot weather, the combination of heat, sweating and grass pollen precipitates increased severity in children with eczema in the UK. 2. In cold weather, the combination of cold weather, indoor aeroallergen exposure and reduced relative humidity from central heating lead to increased severity in children with eczema in the UK. These first two hypotheses were informed by previous research which proposed "summer" and "winter" types of eczema. 3. Detergents (soap, shampoo) increase the propensity to disease flares triggered by other factors at all temperatures, but more in cold weather due to impaired skin barrier function. 4. UK children with filaggrin mutations are more prone to the effects of climatic factors such as cold and heat than individuals who are wild type for filaggrin. 5. Any combination of greater than or equal to three exposures at any time is associated with worsening of eczema. The exposures assessed included: dust, exposure to pets, shampoo, sweating, swimming, nylon clothing next to the skin and a change in mean temperature of more than 3°C from the previous weekly average. Methods: Pilot study: 30 children with moderate to severe eczema aged 0 to 15 years participated in a panel study over a one month period in June 2003 in Cork, Ireland. This study involved daily completion of a paper diary recording eczema severity and exposures. Feasibility of a panel study design was assessed and associations between exposures and disease severity were analysed. Main study: A prospective cohort study (n=60) of children aged up to 15 years with moderate to severe eczema was studied for between six and nine months with overlapping start dates to allow study of seasonal factors. Exposures studied included: temperature, relative humidity, sun exposure, sweating, clothing, cleansing products/ washing, outdoor pollen level, extent and nature of exposure to household pets, dusty environments and swimming. Children or their parents completed daily novel electronic diaries recording eczema severity and exposures. Portable dataloggers were used to record indoor temperature and relative humidity. External meteorological data was obtained from a local monitoring centre. The primary outcome was a daily "bother" score and the secondary outcomes were daily "scratch" scores and flares of eczema. Autoregressive moving average models (ARMA) were used to model the impact of each exposure on eczema severity for each individual. Standard random effects meta-analysis techniques were used to pool estimated coefficients across participants. Heterogeneity of responses as detected using Chi-squared tests represented inter-individual variation. The body site-specificity of reactions was also examined as was the interaction between filaggrin mutations and disease worsening with exposures. Findings. Pilot study: The pilot study highlighted the issue of drop outs and missing data during the study. 83% (n=25) returned the diaries at the end of the study period, and within these, recording of disease severity was good (97% complete). However, there was variability in recording of exposures (65% to 83% complete). Preliminary findings suggested a temporal association between eczema severity and heat (lag 0, i.e. the day of exposure, p=0.04), damp (lag day 2, p=0.03), sweating and stress (lag day 3, p=0.03 and p=0.02 respectively) and damp (lag day 4, p=0.001). Main study: Primary outcome: "bother scores": Increased disease severity was associated with direct contact with nylon clothing (pooled regression coefficient 0.23, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.43), increasing exposure to dust (pooled regression coefficient 0.53, 0.23 to 0.83), exposure to unfamiliar pets (pooled regression coefficient 0.22, 0.10 to 0.34), sweating (pooled regression coefficient 0.24, 0.09 to 0.39) and shampoo exposure (pooled regression coefficient 0.07, 0.01 to 0.13). The association between shampoo use and worsening of eczema was enhanced in cold weather (pooled regression coefficient 0.30, 0.04 to 0.57). Body site specificity was observed for the reactions to nylon clothing, which was greater on covered sites (trunk p=0.02, limbs p=0.03), reactions to wool clothing on truncal covered sites (p=0.03) but not limbs (p=0.62), while worsening of hand eczema was associated with exposure to pets (p<0.001). The only interaction with filaggrin mutations was observed for the 2282del4 mutation and worsening of eczema in summer. Significant heterogeneity of responses between individuals was observed for exposure to grass pollen and outdoor temperature. In regard to the final hypothesis, a combination of any three of seven likely variables was associated with worsening of eczema (pooled regression coefficient 0.41, 0.20 to 0.63). Secondary outcome: "scratch" scores: Increased disease severity was seen associated with swimming (pooled regression coefficient 0.14,0.00 to 0.28), exposure to wool clothing (pooled regression coefficient 0.28, 0.11 to 0.45), sweating (pooled regression coefficient 0.15, 0.04 to 0.26), shampoo (pooled regression coefficient 0.07, 0.01 to 0.13), dust (pooled regression coefficient 0.36, 0.12 to 0.59) and high grass pollen levels (pooled regression coefficient 0.10, 0.01 to 0.73). Secondary outcome: flares of eczema: Only swimming was clearly associated with worsening of eczema using this outcome measure (pooled regression coefficient 0.42, 0.05 to 0.80). Conclusions: The following factors were shown to be associated with disease worsening in children with eczema in this UK study: clothing (wool and nylon), sweating, shampoo, swimming, dust, contact with unfamiliar pets and high grass pollen levels. Relative to the study hypotheses, the association between shampoo exposure and eczema worsening was shown to be increased in cold weather. There was also evidence showing an association between various combinations of exposures and disease worsening. There was insufficient evidence to support the other hypotheses tested in this study but this may be explained by low prevalence of these exposures. The implications of the findings of this study for clinical practice are that for the first time, it has been shown that shampoo exposure may be associated with eczema worsening and that this is more pronounced in cold weather. This study also suggests that worsening of eczema may be more complicated in that multiple exposures acting in concert may be associated with worsening of disease. Future research with increased participant numbers is required to specifically study possible gene-environment interactions with filaggrin mutations and their relevance in relation to disease flares and to look at shampoo formulations in relation to worsening of eczema.
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Eleftheriadou, Viktoria. "Setting priorities and reducing uncertainties for the treatment of vitiligo." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13378/.

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Vitiligo is the most common skin disorder resulting in depigmentation, but high-quality research is lacking. A Cochrane review of interventions for vitiligo published in 2010 highlighted methodological limitations with existing trials; which have generally been too small and heterogeneous to inform clinical recommendations. The objective of this thesis was to improve the evidence base for the treatment of vitiligo. This PhD was funded by the National Institute for Health Research, as part of the research programme called “Setting Priorities and Reducing Uncertainties for people with Skin Diseases”. It includes the following: 1) identifying the most important research priorities for patients and clinicians, thereby informing the research agenda; 2) conducting a systematic review of outcome measures used in vitiligo trials and a survey of the most desirable outcomes for patients and clinicians; and 3) conducting a pilot double blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT) on home hand-held phototherapy in preparation of the first national multi-centre RCT for the treatment of vitiligo. For the prioritisation exercise, a total of 660 treatment uncertainties were submitted by 460 patients and clinicians. The identified priority areas included interventions such as combination of topical agents and phototherapy. The systematic review on outcome measures identified 25 different domains that had been used in previous trials. Although percentage repigmentation was measured in 96%; 48 different scales had been used. In contrast, patients and clinicians favoured the use of “cosmetically acceptable” repigmentation. Finally, a 4-month pilot trial recruited 29 participants and tested the logistics of running a future RCT. This work resulted in a commissioned call and funding of a national RCT on vitiligo (topical corticosteroids in combination with home hand-held phototherapy); the initiation of an international consensus exercise on core outcome measures for use in vitiligo trials; and informed the design and conduct of a future national RCT.
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Simpson, Rosalind C. "Erosive lichen planus affecting the vulva : defining the disease, developing outcome measures and designing a randomised controlled trial." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28301/.

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Erosive lichen planus affecting the vulvovaginal region (ELPV) is a rare chronic inflammatory condition causing painful raw areas that can lead to scarring, at the vaginal entrance. Symptoms considerably impact upon daily function and quality of life. There is risk of cancerous change in affected skin of 1-3%. A Cochrane Systematic Review, published in 2012, found no randomised controlled trials (RCT) on which to base treatment for ELPV. Retrospective case series suggest that super-potent topical corticosteroids are frequently used as first-line therapy, although one third of patients fail to respond adequately and require escalation of therapy. There is clinical uncertainty regarding which second-line therapies should be used. The following steps were taken to inform the design of an RCT to determine optimal second-line therapy for EVLP resistant to topical steroids: • A multi-centre retrospective review and audit of case notes to assess current clinical management in the UK. • A qualitative investigation with UK clinicians to establish their views and principles of management of ELPV. • An international multi-disciplinary electronic-delphi consensus exercise to agree a set of diagnostic criteria for ELPV. • A systematic review to assess existing outcome measure tools that have been used in randomised controlled trials of vulval skin disorders. • Assessment of patients views through a survey of a national patient group and subsequent focus groups with patients. The resulting multi-centre, four-armed, open-label, pragmatic randomised controlled trial will compare hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil against a standard care group of clobetasol propionate 0.05% plus a short course of oral prednisolone. This will be the first RCT to test systemic agents for patients with ELPV and will add to the existing evidence base. The methodologies employed to develop the RCT protocol, and the trial design itself, may act as a template for clinical research into the therapeutic management of other rare inflammatory conditions.
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Lansbury, Louise E. "An evidence based approach towards optimising the management of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/27747/.

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common cancer yet its treatment is under-researched. The objective of this thesis was to develop a proposal for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to address uncertainties relating to the management of the condition, and to ultimately improve the management of affected patients. Two systematic reviews were initially conducted to appraise the current evidence base for SCC treatments. Only one RCT was eligible for inclusion in the Cochrane systematic review; a small study which found no significant difference in time to recurrence between patients treated with post-operative 13-cis retinoic acid and interferon, and those not receiving adjuvant treatment. Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies included 118 studies. Pooled estimates of recurrence were lowest after cryotherapy and curettage and electrodesiccation, although lesions treated by these modalities were mostly small and low-risk. Although pooled recurrence after Mohs surgery appeared lower than after conventional excision or radiotherapy, the differences were not significant with overlapping 95% confidence intervals. For photodynamic therapy, pooled recurrence after apparently successful initial treatment was particularly high (26%). Evidence relating to the effectiveness of topical and systemic treatments was very limited. Estimates of recurrence were used to inform the sample size calculation for the proposed RCT. A survey of healthcare professionals was conducted to establish research priorities and identify clinically important management uncertainties from which initial trial scenarios were formulated. High-risk SCCs were identified as a research priority, with optimal surgical management and the role of adjuvant radiotherapy being key areas of uncertainty. Through multi-disciplinary collaboration, a proposal for a two-stage RCT has been developed; in the first stage, locoregional recurrence after conventional surgery with a controlled excision margin will be compared with Mohs surgery, and in the second stage locoregional recurrence will be compared between patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy versus those receiving no adjuvant treatment. Feasibility work conducted during the development of the trial has involved: a) A retrospective analysis of SCCs treated over twelve-months to determine the number of patients and types of SCCs potentially eligible for recruitment into the proposed trial and to further inform the sample size calculation. Within five years of treatment 6% of 357 patients experienced local recurrence, 3% had regional recurrence and 1.5% died of their SCC. Comparison of the most recent American Joint Cancer Council (AJCC7) and an alternative Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) classification showed that approximately 50% of SCCs were T2 in both schemes and eligible for entry into the first stage of the proposed trial. However, an additional BHW T2b substage better stratified outcomes dependent on the number of risk features, and indicated that 19% of all SCCs would potentially be also eligible for the second stage of the trial. b) A questionnaire and focus group study to assess the acceptability of the RCT and to identify possible barriers to recruitment. Participants had a desire to be better informed about SCC, wanting information relating to the trial to be provided in a variety of formats. 71% of participants were hypothetically willing to be randomised into the surgical stage of the proposed trial but had more concerns about the second stage involving adjuvant radiotherapy. Lack of equipoise and confusion about the concept of randomisation will need to be carefully addressed when presenting the trial to participants. The proposed trial will be the first to directly compare treatments for the types of SCC seen commonly in clinical practice. For the trial to be adequately powered, an estimated 5400 participants will need to be recruited, so a multi-centre, multi-disciplinary approach will be necessary.
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6

Pon, Carlos (Carlos Roberto) Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Electronics. "Time warping - waveform relaxation (TW - WR) in a distributed simulation environment." Ottawa, 1995.

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7

Huenemoerder, David P., K. G. Gayley, Wolf-Rainer Hamann, Richard Ignace, J. S. Nichols, Lidia M. Oskinova, A. M. T. Pollock, Nobert S. Schulz, and Tomer Shenar. "Probing Wolf–Rayet Winds: Chandra/HETG X-Ray Spectra of WR 6." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2692.

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With a deep Chandra/HETGS exposure of WR 6, we have resolved emission lines whose profiles show that the X-rays originate from a uniformly expanding spherical wind of high X-ray-continuum optical depth. The presence of strong helium-like forbidden lines places the source of X-ray emission at tens to hundreds of stellar radii from the photosphere. Variability was present in X-rays and simultaneous optical photometry, but neither were correlated with the known period of the system or with each other. An enhanced abundance of sodium revealed nuclear-processed material, a quantity related to the evolutionary state of the star. The characterization of the extent and nature of the hot plasma in WR 6 will help to pave the way to a more fundamental theoretical understanding of the winds and evolution of massive stars.
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Ignace, Richard, K. Gayley, W. R. Hamann, D. Huenemoerder, L. Oskinova, A. Pollock, and M. McFall. "The XMM-Newton EPIC X-ray Light Curve Analysis of WR 6." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6239.

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We obtained four pointings of over 100 ks each of the well-studied Wolf-Rayet star WR 6 with the XMM-Newton satellite. With a first paper emphasizing the results of spectral analysis, this follow-up highlights the X-ray variability clearly detected in all four pointings. However, phased light curves fail to confirm obvious cyclic behavior on the well-established 3.766 d period widely found at longer wavelengths. The data are of such quality that we were able to conduct a search for "event clustering" in the arrival times of X-ray photons. However, we fail to detect any such clustering. One possibility is that X-rays are generated in a stationary shock structure. In this context we favor a co-rotating interaction region (CIR) and present a phenomenological model for X-rays from a CIR structure. We show that a CIR has the potential to account simultaneously for the X-ray variability and constraints provided by the spectral analysis. Ultimately, the viability of the CIR model will require both intermittent long-term X-ray monitoring of WR 6 and better physical models of CIR X-ray production at large radii in stellar winds.
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Eklund, Gerd. "Vrist - brist - rist : utvecklingen av gammalt uddljudande "wr" i nordiska, särskilt svenska, dialekter /." Uppsala : Dialekt- och folkminnesarkivet, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35542109m.

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Akademisk avhandling--Humanistiskt-samhällsvetenskapligt centrum--Uppsala, 1991.
Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Vrist - brist - rist : development of old initial "wr" in Scandinavian, particularly Swedish, dialects. Résumé en anglais.
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Rocha, Juliana Trevisan da. "Atividade hipolipidêmica do disseleneto de difenila na hiperlipidemia induzida por triton wr-1339 em camundongos." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11115.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
In mammals, the liver plays a central role in whole-body lipid metabolism. Unfortunately, dysregulation of these pathways has been implicated in hyperlipidemias. In recent years, a significant association between the trace element selenium and hypercholesterolaemia in human and animals has been reported. This study was designed to investigate a potential hypolipidaemic effect of diphenyl diselenide ((PhSe)2) in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidaemia in mice. Triton was administered intraperitoneally (400 mg/kg) to overnight-fasted mice to develop acute hyperlipidaemia. (PhSe)2 was administered orally (10 mg/kg) 30 min before Triton. At 24 h after Triton injection, blood samples were collected to measure plasma lipid levels. The hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and ascorbic acid levels as well as catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity were recorded. (PhSe)2 administration significantly lowered total cholesterol, non-high- density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides,whilst it increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels in plasma of hyperlipidaemic mice. Neither oxidative stress nor the antioxidant effect of (PhSe)2 was observed in the mouse liver in this experimental protocol. These findings indicated that (PhSe)2 was able to lower plasma lipid concentrations. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanism by which (PhSe)2 exerted its hypolipidaemic effect in the management of hyperlipidaemia.
Nos mamíferos, o fígado desempenha um papel extremamente importante na manutenção da homeostase do metabolismo dos lipídios plasmáticos. Entretanto, problemas na regulação desses mecanismos têm sido implicados na ocorrência de dislipidemias (alterações na concentração adequada de lipídios no plasma). Nos últimos anos, tem sido evidenciada a existência de uma relação entre os níveis de selênio (Se) e o aumento nas concentrações plasmáticas de lipídios em humanos e animais. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar um possível efeito hipolipidêmico do (PhSe)2, um composto orgânico de Se, no modelo de hiperlipidemia aguda induzida por Triton WR-1339 em camundongos, bem como investigar se a hiperlipidemia aguda induzida pela administração intraperitonial (i.p.) de Triton WR-1339 altera parâmetros relacionados à ocorrência de dano oxidativo no tecido hepático de camundongos e determinar se o efeito antioxidante do (PhSe)2 está presente nesse processo. Para isso, o Triton WR-1339 foi injetado i.p. (400 mg/kg) em camundongos que estavam em jejum de 12 horas. O (PhSe)2 foi administrado oralmente (10 mg/kg) 30 minutos antes do Triton WR-1339. 24 horas após a injeção do Triton WR-1339, amostras de sangue foram coletadas para dosagem das concentrações de lipídios plasmáticos. Os níveis de espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e ácido ascórbico, bem como a atividade das enzimas catalase e glutationa peroxidase foram determinados no tecido hepático. A administração de (PhSe)2 foi capaz de prevenir o aumento nos níveis de colesterol total, colesterol não-HDL e triglicerídeos bem como aumentar os níveis de HDL-colesterol no plasma de camundongos hiperlipidêmicos. No protocolo experimental utilizado nesse estudo não foram observadas alterações nos parâmetros hepáticos de estresse oxidativo analisados. Conseqüentemente, o efeito antioxidante do (PhSe)2 não pode ser verificado. Os resultados obtidos nesse trabalho encorajam a realização de estudos posteriores no intuito de elucidar o exato mecanismo através do qual o (PhSe)2 exerce seu efeito hipolipidêmico.
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Books on the topic "WR"

1

Vokes, Barbara. D^wr glân, d^wr budr. Walton-on-Thames: Nelson, 1991.

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Williams, Melfyn R. D^wr. (Llandysul): Gwasg Gomer, 1987.

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Vokes, Barbara. D^wr. Walton-on-Thames: Nelson, 1991.

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Durgnat, Raymond. WR, mysteries of the organism = WR, misterije organizma. London: BFI Pub., 1999.

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Williams, Glanmor. Owain Glynd^wr. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1993.

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John, Mole. D^wr a dyfroedd. Caerdydd: Uned Iaith Genedlaethol Cymru CBAC, 1996.

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Hughes, Mair Wynn. Hen ^wr y môr. Llandysul: Gwasg Gomer, 1999.

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Chilton, Dafydd. Owain Glyn D^wr. [Caernarfon]: Cyngor Gwynedd, 2000.

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Crew, Gary. Yr hen d^wr. Llandysul: Gwasg Gomer, 2003.

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Jones-Evans, Iestyn. D^wr: Llawlyfr yr athro. Aberystwyth: Canolfan Astudiaethau Addysg, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "WR"

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White, Jacob K., and Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli. "Accelerating WR Convergence." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 101–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2271-9_5.

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White, Jacob K., and Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli. "Discretized WR Algorithms." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 127–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2271-9_6.

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White, Jacob K., and Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli. "Parallel WR Algorithms." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 177–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2271-9_8.

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Cappa De Nicolau, C., V. S. Niemela, U. Herbstmeier, and B. Koribalski. "Search for HI Bubbles around WR Stars: WR 149." In Unsolved Problems of the Milky Way, 619–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1687-6_102.

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De Greve, J. P. "WR Binaries: Theoretical Aspects." In Wolf-Rayet Stars and Interrelations with other Massive Stars in Galaxies, 213–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3306-7_40.

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Annuk, K. "Long Period WR Binaries." In Wolf-Rayet Stars and Interrelations with other Massive Stars in Galaxies, 245–50. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3306-7_43.

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Vilchez, J. M., and C. Esteban. "Abundances in WR Nebulae." In Wolf-Rayet Stars and Interrelations with other Massive Stars in Galaxies, 379–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3306-7_70.

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White, Jacob K., and Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli. "The Implementation of WR." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 159–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2271-9_7.

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Vanbeveren, D. "The Mass of WR Progenitors." In Wolf-Rayet Stars and Interrelations with other Massive Stars in Galaxies, 554. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3306-7_102.

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Felli, M., and M. Massi. "VLBI Observations of WR Stars." In Wolf-Rayet Stars and Interrelations with other Massive Stars in Galaxies, 87–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3306-7_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "WR"

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Wang, Xueshen, Qing Zhong, Jinjin Li, Wenze Yuan, Yong Li, and Xiaohai Cui. "WR-06 Power Standard Devices." In 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpem.2018.8500962.

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Weller, Carl L., Alastair Broadbelt, and Bernard Law. "WR-21 Design and Maintenance." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-328.

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WR-21 is the designation for the Intercooled, Recuperated (ICR) Gas Turbine Engine System currently under development for the U.S. Navy (USN). The Royal Navy and the French Navy are also program participants. The purpose of the program is to design, develop, and qualify a fuel efficient engine for future surface ships. Since inception, a key focus of the program has been to design for maintainability. As a result, the WR-21 design incorporates a number of innovative support and maintenance features. This paper provides a description of the WR-21 engine system and its maintenance features.
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Liu, Shuang, Jiang Hu, Zuhao Xuan, Yong Zhang, and Ruimin Xu. "WR-1.5 suspended silicon waveguide." In 2016 IEEE 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apcap.2016.7843150.

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Stossier, Walt, Matt Stauffer, and Glenn E. Perkins. "WR-21 Recuperator Core Test." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-514.

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WR-21 is the designation for the Intercooled, Recuperated (ICR) Gas Turbine Engine System currently under development for the U.S. Navy (USN), with the Royal Navy (RN) and French Navy as major participants. The purpose of the program is to design, develop and qualify a fuel efficient engine system for surface ships. A key enabling technology for the ICR Engine System is the recuperator used to recover exhaust gas heat for reinsertion into the engine cycle thereby reducing specific fuel consumption. A test of a full scale, reduced capacity WR-21 recuperator core was conducted at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, Ship Systems Engineering Station (NSWCCD-SSES) to determine system response to transient maneuvers typical to ship gas turbine engines. Existing Navy gas turbines located at the site were used to provide the air and gas media for the test apparatus. The test program was directed by Northrop Grumman Marine Systems, the ICR prime contractor, and Allied Signal Aerospace, the recuperator manufacturer. This paper provides a description of the core test premise, test facility, test instrumentation, test experiments and resultant test data.
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Horn, Timothy, Ilbey Karakurt, Christopher Ledford, Michelle Gonzalez, Diana Gamzina, Neville C. Luhmann, and Liwei Lin. "Additively manufactured WR-10 copper waveguide." In 2018 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivec.2018.8391526.

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Shepard, Sam B., Thomas L. Bowen, and John M. Chiprich. "Design and Development of the WR-21 Intercooled Recuperated (ICR) Marine Gas Turbine." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-079.

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The U.S. Navy is developing an intercooled Recuperated (ICR) marine gas turbine, designated the WR-21, for propulsion of future surface ships. The objectives of this development program and the key technical requirements are summarized. The design of the WR-21 is described in considerable, detail. Meeting all of the design requirements for performance, space, weight, reliability, maintainability and life has been challenging. Numerous design tradeoffs and iterations have been performed to optimize the design within the constraints imposed in the ICR technical specification. Integration of the WR-21 engine into the DDG51 Flight IIA ship, which is the U.S. Navy’s first application, has influenced the WR-21 design. This paper discusses the aspects of the DDG-51 application that were factored into the design of the ICR engine in order to reduce installation costs.
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Sanders, Robert C., and George C. Louie. "Development of the WR-21 Gas Turbine Recuperator." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-314.

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WR-21 is an intercooled and recuperated (ICR) gas turbine engine being developed by the U. S. Navy (USN) with contributions from the Royal Navy and the French Navy. A key component of the WR-21 engine is the recuperator used to recover waste heat from engine exhaust gas. The recuperator is being designed and fabricated by AlliedSignal Aerospace Company under subcontract to Northrop Grumman Marine Services, the prime contractor for the WR-21 gas turbine engine. One of the most challenging developmental items for the WR-21 engine has proven to be the recuperator. This paper discusses the development of the recuperator, including the advanced development (AD) recuperator which failed after a few hours of operation, the limited operating unit (LOU) recuperator which has supported much of the WR-21 engine development testing and the engineering development model (EDM) recuperator which will be used for a 3000 hour engine endurance test. Included is an overview of USN technical requirements for the recuperator and a review of operating experience with the AD and LOU recuperators. Failure modes that have been experienced are discussed in detail, including root cause evaluations and design modifications. Steps taken to extend the life of the LOU recuperator are discussed. In addition, testing (both single core and full size recuperator) and analytical models that have been used to improve the design and reliability of the recuperator are addressed.
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Shuang Liu, Jiang Hu, Zuhao Xuan, Yong Zhang, and Ruimin Xu. "Micromachined WR-1.0 waveguide band-pass filter." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmmt.2016.7762496.

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Yuan, X., and B. Wang. "A novel synchronization method for WR system." In 2017 Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium ((EFTF/IFC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fcs.2017.8088809.

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An, Changyoung, Byeongjae Kim, and Heung-Gyoon Ryu. "WR-OFDM system and OOB spectrum comparison." In 2017 Ninth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icufn.2017.7993811.

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Reports on the topic "WR"

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Molnar, J. A., T. V. Mai, and J. J. O'Neill. WR-10 Band Noise Measurement. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada255526.

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Randa, James. Noise-temperature measurement system for the WR-28 Band. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1395.

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Grdina, D. J., N. Shigematsu, and J. L. Schwartz. Protection against radiation-induced mutations at the hprt locus by spermine and N,N{double_prime}-(dithiodi-2,1-ethanediyl)bis-1,3-propanediamine (WR-33278). WR-33278 and spermine protect against mutation induction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10172494.

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Harbell, John W., Jr Korte, and Don W. Mutagenic Potential of Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride (WR 740) in the Mouse Lymphoma Forward Mutation Assay. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201801.

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Blasko, G. J., D. J. Moniak, and B. C. Howser. Initial Evaluation of the Hitachi Zosen WR-L50 Portable Welding Robot (The National Shipbuilding Research Program). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458191.

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Grdina, D. J., A. Constantinou, and N. Shigematsu. Inhibition of topoisomerase II activity in CHO K1 cells by 2-[(aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol (WR-1065). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10173431.

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Diamond, A. M., J. L. Murray, and P. Dale. The inhibition of radiation-induced mutagenesis by the combined effects of selenium and the aminothiol WR-1065. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/516037.

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Grdina, D. J., A. Constantinou, N. Shigematsu, and J. S. Murley. Inhibition of topoisomerase II{alpha} activity in CHO K1 cells by 2-[(aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol (WR-1065). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10184603.

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Peterson, T. A. Organ-specific gene expression in maize: The P-wr allele. Final report, August 15, 1993--August 14, 1996. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/489694.

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Grdina, D. J., A. Constantinou, and N. Shigematsu. Inhibition of topoisomerase II activity in repair-proficient CHO K1 cells by 2-[(aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol (WR-1065). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10184593.

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