Journal articles: 'Wound healing delay'

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Gohil, Krishna. "Lower limb wounds in diabetes: the challenges of wound healing." British Journal of Community Nursing 26, Sup9 (September 1, 2021): S20—S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2021.26.sup9.s20.

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Managing ulceration in the lower limb for a patient with diabetes can be complex and challenging, requiring a multiprofessional, patient-centred, holistic approach with early referral for specialist review as key. Any delay in referral and intervention can be catastrophic, as time is tissue. Peripheral arterial disease and neuropathy both contribute significantly to the delays in wound healing, and it is important to rapidly recognise the problems with an informed assessment and understand the possible reasons for delayed wound healing, so that management is appropriate, rapid referrals are made and patient outcomes are optimised. This article discusses some of the reasons why wound healing is complicated in those with diabetes as a comorbidity.

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SUCKOW, MARK A., TROY A. GOBBETT, and RICHARD G. PETERSON. "Wound Healing Delay in the ZDSD Rat." In Vivo 31, no. 1 (January 5, 2017): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21873/invivo.11025.

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Mothilal K, Akila CR, Mahender K, Chaitanya Kumar K, and Ravi D. "Comparison of the ficus for the wound healing activity in various species." International Journal of Research in Phytochemistry and Pharmacology 10, no. 4 (December 12, 2020): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrpp.v10i4.1381.

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Injuries and wounds are any sorts of damage to the skin or subcutaneous tissue. Usually, any wounds of such sorts are self-healed. Sometimes, there may be a delay in healing, and that delay is caused due to the functional delays in various processes of wound healing. All the Ficus plants show similar activities like the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties 7including skin conditions like ulcers and rheumatism. The anthelmintic property and immunomodulatory are also seen. The herbal extracts of the same family of Ficus in different plants were investigated for the wound healing activity in the excision wound method, and the extracts showed significant activity compared to the drug. All the extracts showed a better healing ability, but the extract of FBO-100 showed the highest activity followed by FMO followed by FHO and finally the FRO. Overall, the activity of the extract ointment was comparable and was significant compared to the standard drug ointment. The wound closure of the extract ointment treated groups were better and were completed in 12 days, and the activity was more than 96%. The herbal extracts of the same family of Ficus in different plants were investigated for the wound healing activity in the excision wound method, and the extracts showed significant activity compared to the drug. The plants of microcarpa, benghalensis, religiosa and hispida are compared for the activity, and the order showed for the activity was FBO>FMO>FHO>FRO.

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Roth Flach, Rachel J., and Michael P. Czech. "NETs and traps delay wound healing in diabetes." Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism 26, no. 9 (September 2015): 451–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2015.07.004.

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Younis, Ibby. "Role of oxygen in wound healing." Journal of Wound Care 29, Sup5b (May 1, 2020): S4—S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.sup5b.s4.

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Not only does oxygen play an essential role in each stage of the wound healing process. It also helps to increases host resistance to infection. Any impairment to the oxygen supply can therefore delay healing. This article explores the affects of oxygen on the wound cells and tissue, and explains how an adequate supply is required for granulation tissue formation and epithelialisation to occur

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Alven, Sibusiso, Vuyolwethu Khwaza, Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji, and Blessing A. Aderibigbe. "Polymer-Based Scaffolds Loaded with Aloe vera Extract for the Treatment of Wounds." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070961.

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The treatment of wounds is one challenging biomedical field due to delayed wound healing common in chronic wounds. Several factors delay wound healing, including microbial infections, malnutrition, underlying physiological conditions, etc. Most of the currently used wound dressing materials suffer from poor antimicrobial properties, poor biodegradability and biocompatibility, and weak mechanical performance. Plant extracts, such as Aloe vera, have attracted significant attention in wound management because of their interesting biological properties. Aloe vera is composed of essential constituents beneficial for the wound healing process, such as amino acids, vitamins C and E, and zinc. Aloe vera influences numerous factors that are involved in wound healing and stimulates accelerated healing. This review reports the therapeutic outcomes of aloe vera extract-loaded polymer-based scaffolds in wound management.

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Yusuf, Ah, Ni Ketut Alit Armini, and Arina Nurfianti. "Stres Memperlambat Penyembuhan Luka Paska Seksio Sesarea." Jurnal Ners 2, no. 2 (July 23, 2017): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jn.v2i2.4964.

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Introduction: Decision for cesarean section may lead to the stress for women in delivery. Stress response requires longer recovery time in post cesarean section patients. Most of patients who experience stress before and after surgical is associated with wound healing delay. When this condition continues, the wound will have a higher risk of infection. The objective of this study was to analyze correlation between stress and wound healing phase in post cesarean section patients. Method: A cross sectional design was used in this study. The population were women with cesarean section, both elective or emergency, in Delivery Room I RSU Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Samples were recruited by using purposive sampling, with 28 samples who met to the inclusion criterias. The observed variables were stress and wound healing phase in post cesarean section patient. Stress data were collected by interview and wound healing measurement done by observation on the 3rd day post cesarean section. Result: The result showed that women with stress experience wound healing delay. The characteristic of wound healing delay was prolonged on inflammation phase, nevertheless there was presence of granulation tissue. Spearman’s rho correlation showed that correlation value r=0.675 with p=0.000. Discussion: It can be concluded that there was strong significant correlation between stress and wound healing phase in post cesarean section patients. It is important to give this information to the patients with cesarean section in order to prevent stress and delay in wound healing phase.

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Rook, Jerri M., Wohaib Hasan, and Kenneth E. McCarson. "Temporal Effects of Topical Morphine Application on Cutaneous Wound Healing." Anesthesiology 109, no. 1 (July 1, 2008): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31817b5ac3.

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Background Studies have shown that topical administration of exogenous opioid drugs impairs wound healing by inhibiting the peripheral release of neuropeptides, thereby inhibiting neurogenic inflammation. This delay is immediate and peaks during the first days of wound closure. This study examined the effects of topical morphine treatment in a cutaneous wound healing model in the rat. Methods Full-thickness 4-mm-diameter wounds were placed on the periscapular region of rats that subsequently received twice-daily topical applications of IntraSite Gel (Smith+Nephew, Hull, United Kingdom) alone or gel infused with 5 mm morphine sulfate on days 0-3 or 4-10 postwounding or throughout the time course. Wound tissue was taken on days 1, 3, 5, 8, and 18 postwounding and immunostained for myofibroblast and macrophage markers or stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results Delays in wound closure observed during morphine application on days 0-3 postwounding mimicked those seen in wounds treated with morphine throughout the entire healing process. However, no significant delays in closure were seen in wounds treated with morphine beginning on day 4 postwounding. Treatment of wounds with morphine significantly reduced the number of myofibroblasts and macrophages in the closing wound. In addition, morphine application resulted in decreases in skin thickness and an increase in residual scar tissue in healed skin. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the time-dependent and persistent nature of the detrimental effects of topical morphine on cutaneous wound healing. The data identify specific limitations that could be ameliorated to optimize topical opioid administration as an analgesic therapeutic strategy in the treatment of painful cutaneous wounds.

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Borkowski, Andrew William, and Wendy L. Havran. "Epithelial and bone marrow derived sources of Cd1d contribute to wound repair." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2016): 126.21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.126.21.

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Abstract Wound healing is a multifaceted process that depends on both epithelial and bone marrow derived cells to promote proper healing. Recent publications have shown that a subset of T cells in the skin are activated by certain lipids bound to CD1 molecules. Cd1d, the isoform of CD1 expressed in mice, is an MHC-like molecule that binds lipid antigens and is expressed by Langerhans cells (LCs), macrophages, B cells, and wounded keratinocytes. As our lab has previously shown that T cell activation in the skin promotes wound healing, we hypothesize that Cd1d is an important component of normal wound healing. To investigate this hypothesis, we administered full thickness wounds to the dorsal skin of WT and Cd1d−/− mice and analyzed wound closure. Cd1d−/− mice had a significant delay in wound healing between days 1 and 5 compared to WT controls. Analysis of ex vivo wound healing failed to show any difference in wound closure rates between WT and Cd1d−/− skin. This suggested that an infiltrating cell type is at least partially responsible for the observed difference in in vivo wound healing. Transfer of WT bone marrow cells into lethally irradiated Cd1d−/− mice did not rescue the wound healing defect observed in Cd1d−/− mice. Interestingly, transfer of Cd1d−/− bone marrow into WT mice caused a delay in wound healing. Analysis of wounded skin demonstrated that significantly fewer macrophages and LCs were present in Cd1d−/− epidermis. We conclude that the Cd1d-mediated wound healing defect is dependent on both resident LCs and infiltrating macrophages, and continue to investigate how Cd1d expressed by LCs promotes wound repair as studies have shown that LCs have an immunosuppressive effect in models of contact hypersensitivity and UVB-induced inflammation.

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Hillman, Prima F., Chaeyoung Lee, and Sang-Jip Nam. "Microbial Natural Products with Wound-Healing Properties." Processes 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11010030.

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Wound healing continues to pose a challenge in clinical settings. Moreover, wound management must be performed properly and efficiently. Acute wound healing involves multiple cell divisions, a new extracellular matrix, and the process of formation, such as growth factors and cytokines, which are released at the site of the wound to regulate the process. Any changes that disrupt the healing process could cause tissue damage and prolong the healing process. Various factors, such as microbial infection, oxidation, and inflammation, can delay wound healing. In order to counter these problems, utilizing natural products with wound-healing effects has been reported to promote this process. Several natural products have been associated with wound healing, most of which are from medicinal plants. However, secondary microbial metabolites have not been extensively studied for their wound-healing properties. Further, investigations on the wound-healing control of natural microbial products are required due to a lack of studies. This review discussed the in vivo and in vitro research on the wound healing activities of natural microbial products, which may assist in the development of better wound treatments in the future.

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Chittoria, Ravi. "Role of topical insulin therapy in amputation stump." Clinical Medical Reviews and Reports 2, no. 4 (August 10, 2020): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8794/028.

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Wound healing is a complex process with overlapping steps of haemostasis, the inflammatory and proliferative phases, remodelling .Any problem with the edge of the wound can be detrimental to healing and may cause delay in wound healing. In this article, we share our experience of using topical insulin therapy for wound bed preparation in non-healing ulcer over the amputation stump.

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Pradhan, Shan, Maureane Hoffman, and Dougald M. Monroe. "Celecoxib Does Not Delay Cutaneous Wound Healing in Hemophilia B Mice." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 1228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1228.1228.

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Abstract It can be difficult to provide analgesia in hemophilic patients, because non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can impair platelet function by inhibition of cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and, thereby, increase the risk of bleeding. Therefore, selective COX-2 inhibitors have been used in hemophiliacs to reduce the risk of bleeding imposed by most conventional NSAIDs. Celecoxib (Celebrex, Pfizer) is now the only COX-2 inhibitor on the market. We have recently reported that wound healing is abnormal in a hemophilia B (HB) mouse model (Hoffman et al, Blood, 2006). Specifically, epithelial closure was delayed in HB mice, as was macrophage influx into the wound site. Hemophilic animals also developed subcutaneous hematomas. Angiogenesis, surprisingly, was enhanced in the HB mice and likely contributed to delayed bleeding. We have routinely used acetominophen (Tylenol, McNeil) for post-biopsy analgesia in our mice, since it is thought to not increase the risk of bleeding in hemophilia. When required by our institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC) to change analgesic agents to meloxicam, we found that healing times were significantly prolonged in both the HB and corresponding wild type mice. Meloxicam is a preferential COX-2 inhibitor (ratio of COX-1 to COX-2 inhibition of 0.2). Our interpretation of this finding was that even modest inhibition of COX-1 led to impaired platelet function and that this effect led to delayed healing. Accordingly, we hypothesized that a pure COX-2 inhibitor would not impair wound healing in HB. Therefore, we examined the effects of celecoxib, a nearly pure COX-2 inhibitor at clinically relevant levels, in our model. A total of 56 HB mice (28 treated and 28 control) were used. One dose of celecoxib (20 mg/kg) was administered daily by oral gavage to each “treated” mouse, with the first dose given thirty minutes prior to placement of a single three mm punch biopsy wound on the dorsal skin. “Control” mice were handled identically, but were given only the safflower oil vehicle at each gavage. The size of each wound was measured daily. According to the experimental plan, four treated and four control mice were to be sacrificed on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 15. At the time of sacrifice tissue was collected for histologic examination. Two mice in the control group and 4 in the treated group died during the course of the experiment. The time course of epithelial closure was not significantly different in celecoxib-treated and control HB mice. At no time was the average size of the skin wounds significantly different in the two groups. All wounds showed complete epithelial closure at 13 days in the celecoxib mice and 14 days in the control mice. The celecoxib-treated mice showed a lower degree of wound bed vascularity at days 6–10 after wound placement, with no significant difference by day 12. As in our previously published studies, the peak of angiogenesis was at day 8. Untreated and treated mice both developed subcutaneous hematomas before and after wound closure. Even though celecoxib-treated mice had less angiogenesis in the wound bed, they did not have fewer hematomas than the controls. In fact, it appeared that a greater proportion of the treated animals had subcutaneous hematomas at days 10 and 12, though the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, a COX-2 inhibitor did not delay cutaneous wound healing in hemophilia B mice. However, the possibility of an increase in delayed bleeding deserves further study.

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Yang, Jiali, Lifeng Zhang, Xiaojuan Peng, Shuai Zhang, Shuwen Sun, Qiteng Ding, Chuanbo Ding, and Wencong Liu. "Polymer-Based Wound Dressings Loaded with Ginsenoside Rg3." Molecules 28, no. 13 (June 28, 2023): 5066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135066.

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The skin, the largest organ in the human body, mainly plays a protective role. Once damaged, it can lead to acute or chronic wounds. Wound healing involves a series of complex physiological processes that require ideal wound dressings to promote it. The current wound dressings have characteristics such as high porosity and moderate water vapor permeability, but they are limited in antibacterial properties and cannot protect wounds from microbial infections, which can delay wound healing. In addition, several dressings contain antibiotics, which may have bad impacts on patients. Natural active substances have good biocompatibility; for example, ginsenoside Rg3 has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and other biological activities, which can effectively promote wound healing. Some researchers have developed various polymer wound dressings loaded with ginsenoside Rg3 that have good biocompatibility and can effectively promote wound healing and reduce scar formation. This article will focus on the application and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3-loaded dressings in wounds.

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Kharroubi, Mariem, Fatima Bellali, Abdelhafid Karrat, Mohamed Bouchdoug, and Abderrahim Jaouad. "Preparation of <i>Teucrium polium</i> extract-loaded chitosan-sodium lauryl sulfate beads and chitosan-alginate films for wound dressing application." AIMS Public Health 8, no. 4 (2021): 754–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2021059.

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<abstract> <p>This study aimed to formulate sodium lauryl sulfate cross-linked chitosan beads and sodium alginate-chitosan films for designing a dressing that would shorten the healing time of skin wounds. <italic>Teucrium polium</italic> extract-loaded chitosan-sodium lauryl sulfate beads (CH-SLS) and chitosan-alginate (CH-ALG) films were prepared and characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The swelling properties of the CH-SLS beads were also analyzed in a water solution. The obtained <italic>Teucrium polium</italic> extract-loaded CH-SLS beads and CH-ALG films (TBF) were further incorporated into the commercial adhesive dressing. This TBF wound dressing was then investigated for evaluation of its wound healing potential in the mice using the excision wound model. Healing was assessed by the macroscopic appearance and the rate of wound contraction during 8 days. On day 4, the TBF-treated wounds exhibited 98% reduction in the wound area when they were compared with healing ointment, elastic adhesive dressing, and untreated wounds which were exhibited 63%, 43%, and 32%, respectively. Furthermore, the application of TBF dressing reduced skin wound rank scores and increased the percentage of wounds contraction. These results demonstrate that TBF dressing improves considerably the healing rate and the macroscopic wound appearance at a short delay and this application may have therapeutic benefits in wound healing.</p> </abstract>

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Koo, Jeung-Hyun, Youngyi Lee, Seok-Kweon Yun, Byung-Hyun Park, and Hyun-Young Jang. "Myeloid sirtuin 6 deletion delays wound healing in mice by modulating inflammation and macrophage phenotype." Journal of Immunology 198, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2017): 206.22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.206.22.

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Abstract It has been reported that loss of sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) in skin wounds exhibit impaired healing. Given the heterogeneity of macrophage phenotypes during wound repair and the regulation of macrophage phenotypes by sirtuins, we here hypothesized that Sirt6 deletion in myeloid cells would affect macrophages phenotypes in skin wounds and delay wound closure. To address this question, floxed Sirt6 mice were bred with lysozyme M-Cre mice to generate myeloid Sirt6 knockout mice with reduced Sirt6 expression. A full-thickness excisional lesion was made on the dorsal skin of the mice. Compared with wild type mice, wound closure was delayed in KO mice with less collagen deposition, attenuated vWF expression and reduced expression of wound healing related genes. Using immunohistochemistry and RNA expression analyses on macrophage subpopulations from wound tissues, we identified an increased infiltration of M1 type macrophages in KO mice compared with wild type mice. Consistent with the in vivo defects in wound closure, the in vitro study demonstrated that keratinocytes and fibroblasts treated with KO macrophage conditioned medium migrated slower than those of wild type. These results suggest that an imbalance of macrophage phenotypes by Sirt6 deletion contributes to impaired wound healing in mice.

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M. Mahmood, Fahim, Hayder B. Sahib, and Khalid W. Qassim. "B2 agonist (Salbutamol) modulate skin wound healing processes." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v9i1.1187.

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Wound healing is a complex physiological and dynamic process required the coordination of numerous cell types and biological processes to regenerate damaged tissue and initiate repair which is dependent on a number of inter-related factors. This study was aimed to demonstrate whether the ?2 receptor has role in wound healing and angiogenesis. A murine wild-type (in vivo), excisional skin wound model was done to demonstrate that activation of ?2AR delay wound repair, twenty-four male albino mice were used to investigate the effect of the drug on experimental wound healing grossly, histo-pathologically and immune-histochemically compared with vehicle-only controls. The results showed that the rate of wound healing was significantly slower in salbutamol group than in control group (P

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Linnemann, Caren, Filiz Şahin, Ningna Li, Stefan Pscherer, Friedrich Götz, Tina Histing, Andreas K. Nussler, and Sabrina Ehnert. "Insulin Can Delay Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation In Vitro—Implication for Diabetic Wound Care?" Biology 12, no. 8 (August 3, 2023): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12081082.

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Diabetes is a worldwide evolving disease with many associated complications, one of which is delayed or impaired wound healing. Appropriate wound healing strongly relies on the inflammatory reaction directly after injury, which is often altered in diabetic wound healing. After an injury, neutrophils are the first cells to enter the wound site. They have a special defense mechanism, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), consisting of released DNA coated with antimicrobial proteins and histones. Despite being a powerful weapon against pathogens, NETs were shown to contribute to impaired wound healing in diabetic mice and are associated with amputations in diabetic foot ulcer patients. The anti-diabetic drugs metformin and liraglutide have already been shown to regulate NET formation. In this study, the effect of insulin was investigated. NET formation after stimulation with PMA (phorbol myristate acetate), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), or calcium ionophore (CI) in the presence/absence of insulin was analyzed. Insulin led to a robust delay of LPS- and PMA-induced NET formation but had no effect on CI-induced NET formation. Mechanistically, insulin induced reactive oxygen species, phosphorylated p38, and ERK, but reduced citrullination of histone H3. Instead, bacterial killing was induced. Insulin might therefore be a new tool for the regulation of NET formation during diabetic wound healing, either in a systemic or topical application.

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Aster, Yair, David Varssano, Anat Loewenstein, and Moshe Lazar. "Delay of Corneal Wound Healing in Patients Treated with Colchicine." Ophthalmology 104, no. 1 (January 1997): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30352-2.

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Zha, Shenfang, Yohanes Kristo Sugiarto Utomo, Li Yang, Guizhao Liang, and Wanqian Liu. "Mechanic-Driven Biodegradable Polyglycolic Acid/Silk Fibroin Nanofibrous Scaffolds Containing Deferoxamine Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 3 (March 10, 2022): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14030601.

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The extracellular matrix (ECM), comprising of hundreds of proteins, mainly collagen, provides physical, mechanical support for various cells and guides cell behavior as an interactive scaffold. However, deposition of ECM, especially collagen content, is seriously impaired in diabetic wounds, which cause inferior mechanical properties of the wound and further delay chronic wound healing. Thus, it is critical to develop ECM/collagen alternatives to remodel the mechanical properties of diabetic wounds and thus accelerate diabetic wound healing. Here, we firstly prepared mechanic-driven biodegradable PGA/SF nanofibrous scaffolds containing DFO for diabetic wound healing. In our study, the results in vitro showed that the PGA/SF-DFO scaffolds had porous three-dimensional nanofibrous structures, excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, which would provide beneficial microenvironments for cell adhesion, growth, and migration as an ECM/collagen alternative. Furthermore, the data in vivo showed PGA/SF-DFO scaffolds can adhere well to the wound and have excellent biodegradability, which is helpful to avoid secondary damage by omitting the removal process of scaffolds. The finite element analysis results showed that the application of silk fibroin-based scaffolds could significantly reduce the maximum stress around the wound. Besides, PGA/SF-DFO scaffolds induced collagen deposition, re-vascularization, recovered impaired mechanical properties up to about 70%, and ultimately accelerated diabetic wound healing within 14 days. Thus, our work provides a promising therapeutic strategy for clinically chronic wound healing.

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Abdel-Samad, Mohammad RK, and Fatma A. Taher. "Wound healing and antibacterial activities of water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles and excretion/secretion as a natural combination from medicinal maggots, Lucilia cuprina." Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 36, no. 6 (October 19, 2021): 510–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08839115211053921.

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Wounds management takes a high interest in the medical field and the addition of antimicrobial agents in an assortment of wound dressings leads to delay the wound healing. This study aimed at preparing natural combination between excretion/secretion (ES) and water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles (from Lucilia cuprina maggots) and investigating its antibacterial and wound healing activities. ES of maggots was collected, and the water-soluble chitosan nanoparticles (WSCNPs) were prepared and characterized. Antibacterial activities of combinations were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris. ES-WSC-2 combination that contains 50% ES and 1% WSCNPs showed highest antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria compared to the other combinations. In vitro, the ES-WSC-2 combination was used to study the wound healing activity by scratch assay. The synergism between ES and WSCNPs (in ES-WSC-2 combination) accelerated the wound healing rate which suggests the use of this combination as an effective natural antibacterial and wound healing agent.

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IM Cardoso-Daodu, CP Azubuike, and MO Ilomuanya. "Hydrogels for management of chronic wound healing." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 5, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.5.3.0027.

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Chronic wounds occur when one wound healing process or a sequence of wound healing events are affected resulting in slow healing of the wound thereby placing the patient in deep pain. Various diseases and conditions can delay the process of wound healing. Wound healing can be classified into four main stages: hemostasis, inflammation, remodeling, and scar tissue formation with each phase overlapping one another. The skin is the largest organ in the body. It protects the entire external surface of the human body and is the primary site of interaction with the outside environment. There is therefore a need to fabricate an ideal dressing through scientific research and investigations. Hydrogels are a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers that can swell in water and absorb copious amounts of water while maintaining their structure because of their chemical or physical crosslinking of individual polymer chains. A hydrogel must be composed of at least 10% water. Hydrogels possess the flexibility and water percentage which is remarkably like tissues. They are biocompatible and biodegradable which makes them ideal for dermal wound healing.

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Ting, T. M., J. H. King, K. L. Ho, and H. L. N. Lau. "Wound healing potential of palm oil tocotrienols rich fraction." Food Research 5, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 394–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(4).058.

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Diabetic patients often experience problems with their immune system activation and result in delayed wound healing. Slow and incomplete wound healing increases the risk of complications caused by infected wounds. Metformin has been used as a standard drug for diabetes treatment and it accelerates wound healing. However, intake of metformin may cause gastrointestinal symptoms including diarrhoea, nausea and abdominal discomfort. Therefore, a safe alternative to metforminis is required. While many research programs focus on alpha-tocopherol, in this paper the potency of tocotrienols in wound and diabetes management was investigated. Tocotrienol rich fraction (TRF) was tested for its ability to stabilize blood glucose, reduce lipid peroxidation, promote platelet-derived growth factorBB and wound closure. In this study, the rodent model was used to investigate the effects of TRP in wound healing proficiency. The results showed that TRF was comparable to metformin in stabilizing blood glucose, promoting PDGF-BB in the blood during the initial wound healing stage and produced clean wound closure. Interestingly, the findings of this study showed TRF had higher potency than metformin in reducing lipid peroxidation that could delay wound healing. Hence, TRF could be a good alternative to metformin in wound and diabetes management

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Ramamurthy, N. S., A. J. Kucine, S. A. McClain, T. F. McNamara, and L. M. Golub. "Topically Applied Cmt-2 Enhances Wound Healing in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat Skin." Advances in Dental Research 12, no. 1 (November 1998): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374980120011001.

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Delayed wound healing is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus, exhibited by increased wound collagenase and decreased granulation tissues. The current study compared wound healing in normal and diabetic rats, and the effects of topically applied 1 % or 3% concentrations of chemically modified tetracycline-2 (CMT-2) on 6-mm circular full-thickness skin wounds healed by secondary intention. On day 7 after wounding, tissues were removed for biochemical analysis and histology. The wound granulation tissue hydroxyproline was less in the untreated diabetic rat with increased collagenase and gelatinase. Treating the diabetic rat wounds with 3% CMT-2 increased the wound hydroxyproline and decreased activities of gelatinase and collagenase. There was a delay in wound filling by granulation tissue in diabetic rats. In CMT-2-treated diabetic rats, the volume of granulation tissue was greater than that in untreated diabetic rats. CMT-2 appears to normalize wound healing in diabetic rats and may be a valuable adjunct in the treatment of chronic wounds.

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Sun, Zhenghua, Hao Xiong, Tengfei Lou, Weixuan Liu, Yi Xu, Shiyang Yu, Hui Wang, et al. "Multifunctional Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel with Self-Healing Properties and Promoting Angiogenesis as an Immunoregulation Platform for Diabetic Wound Healing." Gels 9, no. 5 (May 5, 2023): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9050381.

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Treating chronic wounds is a global challenge. In diabetes mellitus cases, long-time and excess inflammatory responses at the injury site may delay the healing of intractable wounds. Macrophage polarization (M1/M2 types) can be closely associated with inflammatory factor generation during wound healing. Quercetin (QCT) is an efficient agent against oxidation and fibrosis that promotes wound healing. It can also inhibit inflammatory responses by regulating M1-to-M2 macrophage polarization. However, its limited solubility, low bioavailability, and hydrophobicity are the main issues restricting its applicability in wound healing. The small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has also been widely studied for treating acute/chronic wounds. It is also being extensively researched as a suitable carrier for tissue regeneration. As an extracellular matrix, SIS can support angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation, offering growth factors involved in tissue formation signaling and assisting wound healing. We developed a series of promising biosafe novel diabetic wound repair hydrogel wound dressings with several effects, including self-healing properties, water absorption, and immunomodulatory effects. A full-thickness wound diabetic rat model was constructed for in vivo assessment of QCT@SIS hydrogel, in which hydrogels achieved a markedly increased wound repair rate. Their effect was determined by the promotion of the wound healing process, the thickness of granulation tissue, vascularization, and macrophage polarization during wound healing. At the same time, we injected the hydrogel subcutaneously into healthy rats to perform histological analyses of sections of the heart, spleen, liver, kidney, and lung. We then tested the biochemical index levels in serum to determine the biological safety of the QCT@SIS hydrogel. In this study, the developed SIS showed convergence of biological, mechanical, and wound-healing capabilities. Here, we focused on constructing a self-healing, water-absorbable, immunomodulatory, and biocompatible hydrogel as a synergistic treatment paradigm for diabetic wounds by gelling the SIS and loading QCT for slow drug release.

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Uzun, Günalp, Hakan Ay, Mesut Mutluoglu, Ercan Karabacak, and Hüseyin Karagöz. "Topical ozone and chronic wounds: Improper use of therapeutic tools may delay wound healing." North American Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 11 (2012): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.103342.

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Almeida, Solange Maria de, Adriana Dibo da Cruz, Rívea Inês Ferreira, Mário Roberto Vizioli, and Frab Norberto Bóscolo. "Effect of low-dose electron radiation on rat skin wound healing." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 3 (2007): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000300006.

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low-dose electron irradiation on morphological features of the wound healing process in rat skin. Surgical wounds were inflicted with a 2.3 x 1.4 cm template on 84 male rats that were assigned to 4 groups: IG1, immediately irradiated; IG2, irradiated 3 days after inflicting the wound; CG1 and CG2, control groups. Rats in IG1 and IG2 groups had their wounds exposed to 1 Gy of 6 MeV electron beam radiation, immediately after surgery and on the third postoperative day, respectively. Qualitative and histophotometric evaluations of tissue repair structures were carried out. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha = 0.05) and regression analysis. The repair process was delayed since the first sacrifice time in both irradiated groups, but in IG1, wound healing was closer to that of CG1; whereas in IG2, the delay was more pronounced. Based on the histological findings, it is possible to conclude that a low-dose of electron radiation delayed tissue repair in rat skin. The delay was longer in the skin irradiated 3 days after the beginning of tissue repair. However, the low-energy electron irradiation did not prevent wound healing.

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Miricescu, Daniela, Silviu Constantin Badoiu, Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu, Alexandra Ripszky Totan, Constantin Stefani, and Maria Greabu. "Growth Factors, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Metformin—Promoters of the Wound Healing Process in Burns?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (September 1, 2021): 9512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179512.

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Burns can be caused by various factors and have an increased risk of infection that can seriously delay the wound healing process. Chronic wounds caused by burns represent a major health problem. Wound healing is a complex process, orchestrated by cytokines, growth factors, prostaglandins, free radicals, clotting factors, and nitric oxide. Growth factors released during this process are involved in cell growth, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Reactive oxygen species are released in acute and chronic burn injuries and play key roles in healing and regeneration. The main aim of this review is to present the roles of growth factors, reactive oxygen species, and metformin in the healing process of burn injuries.

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Russo, Carla, Miranda Piccioni, Maria Laura Lorenzini, Chiara Catalano, Valeria Ambrogi, Rita Pagiotti, and Donatella Pietrella. "Bud-Poplar-Extract-Embedded Chitosan Films as Multifunctional Wound Healing Dressing." Molecules 27, no. 22 (November 10, 2022): 7757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227757.

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Wounds represent a major global health challenge. Acute and chronic wounds are sensitive to bacterial infection. The wound environment facilitates the development of microbial biofilms, delays healing, and promotes chronic inflammation processes. The aim of the present work is the development of chitosan films embedded with bud poplar extract (BPE) to be used as wound dressing for avoiding biofilm formation and healing delay. Chitosan is a polymer with antimicrobial and hydrating properties used in wound dressing, while BPE has antibacterial, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Chitosan-BPE films showed good antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against Gram-positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans. BPE extract induced an immunomodulatory effect on human macrophages, increasing CD36 expression and TGFβ production during M1/M2 polarization, as observed by means of cytofluorimetric analysis and ELISA assay. Significant antioxidant activity was revealed in a cell-free test and in a human neutrophil assay. Moreover, the chitosan-BPE films induced a good regenerative effect in human fibroblasts by in vitro cell migration assay. Our results suggest that chitosan-BPE films could be considered a valid plant-based antimicrobial material for advanced dressings focused on the acceleration of wound repair.

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Zimmermann, Elise, Jurandir Marcondes Ribas-Filho, Osvaldo Malafaia, Carmen Austrália Paredes Marcondes Ribas, Paulo Afonso Nunes Nassif, Edmar Stieven Filho, and Paulo Eduardo Przysiezny. "Tracheal suture in rats with hypothyroidism: wound healing study." Acta Cirurgica Brasileira 24, no. 4 (August 2009): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-86502009000400007.

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of hypothyroidism in tracheal wound healing process. METHODS: A controlled study was designed with 48 male Wistar rats, divided into two groups: study and control groups. In the first one hypothyroidism was surgically induced and 10 weeks after, a tracheal opening followed by suture was performed in both groups, subdivided into 7, 14, and 21 days in accordance with the date of animals death. A laboratorial evaluation was performed to prove the decreased in thyroid function in the study group. Also a macroscopic evaluation through a stablished protocol and a microscopic analysis with Hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius-Red staining methods were done. RESULTS: The laboratorial evaluation certified suppressed thyroid function in the study group. The macroscopic evaluation showed the presence of suture blockade in the study group in all the evaluated days. Microscopic analysis showed a prolongated inflammatory process and less collagen with delay in organization in the study group comparing to control group. All these data were statistic significant. CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism had an influence in tracheal wound healing process, promoting delay in the inflammatory and organization processes and diminished tissue collagen quantity.

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Lullove, Eric. "Acellular Fetal Bovine Dermal Matrix in the Treatment of Nonhealing Wounds in Patients with Complex Comorbidities." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 102, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/1020233.

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Background: In contrast to the narrow indications for living skin equivalents, extracellular matrix biomaterials are clinically used in a wide range of wound-healing applications. Given the breadth of possible uses, the goal of this study was to retrospectively compile and analyze the clinical application and effectiveness of an extracellular matrix biomaterial derived from fetal bovine dermis (PriMatrix; TEI Biosciences, Boston, Massachusetts) in patients treated by a single physician and monitored postsurgically in an outpatient wound care center. Methods: A retrospective medical record review was conducted of consecutive patients treated from January 2007 through January 2009 with meshed PriMatrix after sharp/surgical debridement and coverage with standard moist wound therapy dressings. Results: Twenty-nine patients and 34 wounds were compiled. All of the wounds were unresponsive to conservative treatment owing to complications, including infection, exposed bone or tendon, and other comorbidities known to delay healing. Wounds included 11 diabetic ulcers, 8 venous stasis ulcers, 10 nonhealing traumatic wounds, and 5 other chronic wounds. Thirty of 34 wounds healed, with four patients lost to follow-up. Mean time to healing for diabetic foot ulcers was 105 days with an average of 2.6 PriMatrix applications. Mean time to healing for venous, traumatic, and other chronic wounds was 74 to 82 days with an average of 1.2 to 1.4 PriMatrix applications. Conclusions: In patients with comorbidities known to delay healing, the implantation of PriMatrix promoted the healing and, ultimately, full reepithelialization of otherwise unresponsive wounds of varied etiology, including those with complications of infection or exposed bone or tendon. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 102(3): 223–232, 2012)

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Li, Zhengwen, and Menno Knetsch. "Antibacterial Strategies for Wound Dressing: Preventing Infection and Stimulating Healing." Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, no. 8 (May 14, 2018): 936–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180213141109.

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Wound management is an important and increasing global issue. Infection of a wound can cause a delay in wound healing and pain, but also more serious complications like tissue necrosis or even sepsis, which can lead to loss of tissue, limbs or life. Antibacterial agents have been introduced into wound infection care. In this review, we provide an insight into the current antibacterial strategies of wound dressings, including wound infection process, antibacterial agents, and controlled drug release systems. We also emphasize the development of intelligent wound dressing and introduce a promising research direction.

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Rani Raju, Nithya, Ekaterina Silina, Victor Stupin, Natalia Manturova, Saravana Babu Chidambaram, and Raghu Ram Achar. "Multifunctional and Smart Wound Dressings—A Review on Recent Research Advancements in Skin Regenerative Medicine." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 8 (July 28, 2022): 1574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14081574.

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The healing of wounds is a dynamic function that necessitates coordination among multiple cell types and an optimal extracellular milieu. Much of the research focused on finding new techniques to improve and manage dermal injuries, chronic injuries, burn injuries, and sepsis, which are frequent medical concerns. A new research strategy involves developing multifunctional dressings to aid innate healing and combat numerous issues that trouble incompletely healed injuries, such as extreme inflammation, ischemic damage, scarring, and wound infection. Natural origin-based compounds offer distinct characteristics, such as excellent biocompatibility, cost-effectiveness, and low toxicity. Researchers have developed biopolymer-based wound dressings with drugs, biomacromolecules, and cells that are cytocompatible, hemostatic, initiate skin rejuvenation and rapid healing, and possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The main goal would be to mimic characteristics of fetal tissue regeneration in the adult healing phase, including complete hair and glandular restoration without delay or scarring. Emerging treatments based on biomaterials, nanoparticles, and biomimetic proteases have the keys to improving wound care and will be a vital addition to the therapeutic toolkit for slow-healing wounds. This study focuses on recent discoveries of several dressings that have undergone extensive pre-clinical development or are now undergoing fundamental research.

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Süntar, Ipek, Sümeyra Çetinkaya, Emiliano Panieri, Sarmistha Saha, Brigitta Buttari, Elisabetta Profumo, and Luciano Saso. "Regulatory Role of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Wound Healing Process." Molecules 26, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 2424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092424.

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Wound healing involves a series of cellular events in damaged cells and tissues initiated with hemostasis and finally culminating with the formation of a fibrin clot. However, delay in the normal wound healing process during pathological conditions due to reactive oxygen species, inflammation and immune suppression at the wound site represents a medical challenge. So far, many therapeutic strategies have been developed to improve cellular homeostasis and chronic wounds in order to accelerate wound repair. In this context, the role of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) during the wound healing process has been a stimulating research topic for therapeutic perspectives. Nrf2 is the main regulator of intracellular redox homeostasis. It increases cytoprotective gene expression and the antioxidant capacity of mammalian cells. It has been reported that some bioactive compounds attenuate cellular stress and thus accelerate cell proliferation, neovascularization and repair of damaged tissues by promoting Nrf2 activation. This review highlights the importance of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in wound healing strategies and the role of bioactive compounds that support wound repair through the modulation of this crucial transcription factor.

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Webb, Donna R., Sheba R. Churchill, Georgette D. Hill, Christopher A. McGee, Min Shi, Angela P. King-Herbert, and Terry L. Blankenship-Paris. "Effects of Buprenorphine, Chlorhexidine, and Low-level Laser Therapy on Wound Healing in Mice." Comparative Medicine 71, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.30802/aalas-cm-20-000104.

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Systemic buprenorphine and topical antiseptics such as chlorhexidine are frequently used in research animals to aid in pain control and to reduce infection, respectively. These therapeutics are controversial, especially when used in wound healing studies, due to conflicting data suggesting that they delay wound healing. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to aid in wound healing without exerting the systemic effects of therapies such as buprenorphine. We conducted 2 studies to investigate the effects of these common treatment modalities on the rate of wound healing in mice. The first study used models of punch biopsy and dermal abrasion to assess whether buprenorphine HCl or 0.12% chlorhexidine delayed wound healing. The second study investigated the effects of sustained-released buprenorphine, 0.05% chlorhexidine, and LLLT on excisional wound healing. The rate of wound healing was assessed by obtaining photographs on days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 9 for the punch biopsy model in study 1, days 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, and 13 for the dermal abrasion model in study 1, and days 0, 3, 6, and 10 for the mice in study 2. Image J software was used to analyze the photographed wounds to determine the wound area. When comparing the wound area on the above days to the original wound area, no significant differences in healing were observed for any of the treatment groups at any time period for either study. Given the results of these studies, we believe that systemic buprenorphine, topical chlorhexidine, and LLLT can be used without impairing or delaying wound healing in mice.

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Gushiken, Lucas Fernando Sérgio, Fernando Pereira Beserra, Jairo Kenupp Bastos, Christopher John Jackson, and Cláudia Helena Pellizzon. "Cutaneous Wound Healing: An Update from Physiopathology to Current Therapies." Life 11, no. 7 (July 7, 2021): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070665.

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The skin is the biggest organ of human body which acts as a protective barrier against deleterious agents. When this barrier is damaged, the organism promotes the healing process with several molecular and cellular mechanisms, in order to restore the physiological structure of the skin. The physiological control of wound healing depends on the correct balance among its different mechanisms. Any disruption in the balance of these mechanisms can lead to problems and delay in wound healing. The impairment of wound healing is linked to underlying factors as well as aging, nutrition, hypoxia, stress, infections, drugs, genetics, and chronic diseases. Over the years, numerous studies have been conducted to discover the correct approach and best therapies for wound healing, including surgical procedures and non-surgical treatments such as topical formulations, dressings, or skin substitutes. Thus, this general approach is necessary to facilitate the direction of further studies. This work provides updated concepts of physiological mechanisms, the factors that can interfere, and updated treatments used in skin wound healing.

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Ersanli, Caglar, Athina Tzora, Chrysoula (Chrysa) Voidarou, Stylianos Skoufos, Dimitrios I. Zeugolis, and Ioannis Skoufos. "Biodiversity of Skin Microbiota as an Important Biomarker for Wound Healing." Biology 12, no. 9 (August 30, 2023): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12091187.

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Cutaneous wound healing is a natural and complex repair process that is implicated within four stages. However, microorganisms (e.g., bacteria) can easily penetrate through the skin tissue from the wound bed, which may lead to disbalance in the skin microbiota. Although commensal and pathogenic bacteria are in equilibrium in normal skin, their imbalance in the wound area can cause the delay or impairment of cutaneous wounds. Moreover, skin microbiota is in constant crosstalk with the immune system and epithelial cells, which has significance for the healing of a wound. Therefore, understanding the major bacteria species in the cutaneous wound as well as their communication with the immune system has gained prominence in a way that allows for the emergence of a new perspective for wound healing. In this review, the major bacteria isolated from skin wounds, the role of the crosstalk between the cutaneous microbiome and immune system to heal wounds, the identification techniques of these bacteria populations, and the applied therapies to manipulate the skin microbiota are investigated.

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Dreymueller, Daniela, Bernd Denecke, Andreas Ludwig, and Willi Jahnen-Dechent. "Embryonic stem cell-derived M2-like macrophages delay cutaneous wound healing." Wound Repair and Regeneration 21, no. 1 (November 5, 2012): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-475x.2012.00858.x.

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Li, Hongquan, Wang Wang, and Yuping Lai. "High glucose suppresses DDX5 to delay wound healing in diabetic mice." Journal of Dermatological Science 84, no. 1 (October 2016): e149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.08.445.

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HOFFMAN, M., S. PRADHAN, and D. M. MONROE. "Celecoxib does not delay cutaneous wound healing in haemophilia B mice." Haemophilia 15, no. 2 (March 2009): 615–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2516.2008.01970.x.

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Fujiya, Taku, Kiyotaka Asanuma, Tomoyuki Koike, Tomoki Okata, Masahiro Saito, Naoki Asano, Akira Imatani, and Atsushi Masamune. "Nitric oxide could promote development of Barrett’s esophagus by S-nitrosylation-induced inhibition of Rho-ROCK signaling in esophageal fibroblasts." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 322, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): G107—G116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00124.2021.

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Barrett’s esophagus is the condition where esophageal epithelium damaged by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is abnormally healed via replacing of metaplastic columnar epithelium, but very few studies have conducted focusing wound healing in the development of Barrett’s esophagus. Esophageal luminal nitric oxide inhibits Rho-ROCK signaling pathway in esophageal fibroblasts, which leads to delay tissue contraction, a pivotal step in proper wound healing. Moreover, this inhibition increases tissue BMP4 expression. Impaired wound healing could be related to Barrett’s esophagus.

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Ito, Ichiaki, David N. Herndon, Fujio Suzuki, and Makiko Kobayashi. "Influence of M2b macrophage elimination on the wound healing responses in severely burned mice." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2016): 60.24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.60.24.

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Abstract To restore the impaired antibacterial resistance of burn patients, we performed M2bMϕ elimination using CCL1 antisense ODN. However, our treatment with the M2bMϕ polarizer includes a concern about the delay or disturbance of wound healing, because M2a and M2cMϕ distributed in tissues surrounding the burn area are known to be indispensable for host wound healing responses. In this study, the influence of M2bMϕ elimination on wound healing responses was investigated in severely burned mice. Mice 10 days after burn injury (day-10 burn mice) were treated with the ODN (s.c., 10 μg/mouse). Dermal F4/80+ cells (Mϕ) from these mice were analyzed for the expression of IL-10 (a biomarker of M2Mϕ), Arg1 and Ym1 (biomarkers of M2a and M2cMϕ), and LIGHT (a biomarker of M2bMϕ). Also, these dermal Mϕ were tested for the production of fibronectin and collagen (wound healing-related soluble factors) by ELISA. In the results, the increased expression of IL-10, Arg1, Ym1, and LIGHT mRNA was shown in dermal F4/80+ cells of day-10 burn mice, as compared to that of normal mice. Similarly, Arg1 and Ym1 mRNAs, but not LIGHT mRNA, were expressed by the same cells of day-10 burned mice treated with the ODN. Similar amounts of wound healing-related soluble factors were produced by dermal Mϕ from day-10 burned mice and the same mice treated with the ODN. These results indicate that the delay or disturbance of wound healing is minimal in severely burned hosts with eliminated M2bMϕ.

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Mukai, Kanae, Yukari Nakajima, Tamae Urai, Emi Komatsu, Kana Takata, Yuriko Miyasaka, Nasruddin, Junko Sugama, and Toshio Nakatani. "The Effect of 17β-Estradiol Administration on Cutaneous Wound Healing in 24-Week Ovariectomized Female Mice." Journal of Hormones 2014 (January 21, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/234632.

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Estrogen replacement promotes cutaneous wound healing in 8–10-week young ovariectomized female mice. However, research using aged ovariectomized female mice has not been reported, to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, we investigated the effect of 17β-estradiol on cutaneous wound healing using 24-week middle-aged ovariectomized female mice. Twenty-week-old female mice were divided into three groups: medication with 17β-estradiol after ovariectomy (OVX + 17β-estradiol), ovariectomy (OVX), and sham (SHAM). After 4 weeks, the mice received two full-thickness wounds. Then, the OVX + 17β-estradiol group was administered 17β-estradiol at 0.01 g/day until healing. The ratio of wound area in the OVX + 17β-estradiol group was significantly decreased compared with that in the OVX group. The numbers of neutrophils and macrophages in the OVX + 17β-estradiol group were significantly smaller than those in the OVX group. In addition, the ratio of myofibroblasts in the OVX + 17β-estradiol group was significantly higher than that in the OVX group. These data suggested that exogenous continuous 17β-estradiol administration promotes cutaneous wound healing in 24-week OVX female mice by reducing wound area, shortening inflammatory response, and promoting wound contraction. However, it is unclear whether the effect of exogenous estrogen on wound healing outweighs the delay of wound healing due to advanced age.

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Fortingo, Nyemkuna, Samuel Melnyk, Sarah H. Sutton, Mitchell A. Watsky, and Wendy B. Bollag. "Innate Immune System Activation, Inflammation and Corneal Wound Healing." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (November 29, 2022): 14933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314933.

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Corneal wounds resulting from injury, surgeries, or other intrusions not only cause pain, but also can predispose an individual to infection. While some inflammation may be beneficial to protect against microbial infection of wounds, the inflammatory process, if excessive, may delay corneal wound healing. An examination of the literature on the effect of inflammation on corneal wound healing suggests that manipulations that result in reductions in severe or chronic inflammation lead to better outcomes in terms of corneal clarity, thickness, and healing. However, some acute inflammation is necessary to allow efficient bacterial and fungal clearance and prevent corneal infection. This inflammation can be triggered by microbial components that activate the innate immune system through toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. In particular, TLR2 and TLR4 activation leads to pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) activation. Similarly, endogenous molecules released from disrupted cells, known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), can also activate TLR2, TLR4 and NFκB, with the resultant inflammation worsening the outcome of corneal wound healing. In sterile keratitis without infection, inflammation can occur though TLRs to impact corneal wound healing and reduce corneal transparency. This review demonstrates the need for acute inflammation to prevent pathogenic infiltration, while supporting the idea that a reduction in chronic and/or excessive inflammation will allow for improved wound healing.

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Cockburn, Elspeth, Jan Janovec, Miguel A. Solano, and Henry L’Eplattenier. "Marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs was not associated with a higher rate of complications or prolonged wound healing than marginal excision of soft tissue sarcomas." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 260, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 741–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.21.05.0235.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE To compare wound healing following planned marginal excision of cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) with that of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) and to identify risk factors for wound healing complications and delay in healing. ANIMALS 126 dogs that underwent intentional marginal excision of cutaneous MCTs (n = 77) or subcutaneous STSs (49). PROCEDURES Medical records of included dogs were reviewed and signalment, tumor size, tumor location, skin closure type, time to healing, reported complications, histopathological grade, and surgical margins were recorded. These variables and outcomes (complication rate and time to complete healing) were compared between dogs in the MCT and STS groups. Potential risk factors for complications and delayed healing were analyzed. RESULTS No significant difference between the groups was found in any of the variables. Wound healing complication rates were 29% (22/77) for the MCT group and 31% (15/49) for the STS group. The mean ± SD time to complete healing was 16.5 ± 7.5 days for the MCT group and 17.7 ± 9.3 days for the STS group. These outcomes did not differ significantly between groups. For both groups, the use of subdermal plexus flap reconstruction was associated with the development of complications and increased time to complete healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Marginal excision of cutaneous MCTs was not associated with a higher rate of complication or prolonged wound healing, compared with marginal excision of STSs. The use of flap reconstruction in skin closure may delay healing and planned adjuvant therapy. Owners should be counseled regarding these risks and where appropriate and feasible, surgery without reconstruction should be considered.

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Cialdai, Francesca, Alessandra Colciago, Desiré Pantalone, Angela Maria Rizzo, Stefania Zava, Lucia Morbidelli, Fabio Celotti, Daniele Bani, and Monica Monici. "Effect of Unloading Condition on the Healing Process and Effectiveness of Platelet Rich Plasma as a Countermeasure: Study on In Vivo and In Vitro Wound Healing Models." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2 (January 9, 2020): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020407.

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Wound healing is a very complex process that allows organisms to survive injuries. It is strictly regulated by a number of biochemical and physical factors, mechanical forces included. Studying wound healing in space is interesting for two main reasons: (i) defining tools, procedures, and protocols to manage serious wounds and burns eventually occurring in future long-lasting space exploration missions, without the possibility of timely medical evacuation to Earth; (ii) understanding the role of gravity and mechanical factors in the healing process and scarring, thus contributing to unravelling the mechanisms underlying the switching between perfect regeneration and imperfect repair with scarring. In the study presented here, a new in vivo sutured wound healing model in the leech (Hirudo medicinalis) has been used to evaluate the effect of unloading conditions on the healing process and the effectiveness of platelet rich plasma (PRP) as a countermeasure. The results reveal that microgravity caused a healing delay and structural alterations in the repair tissue, which were prevented by PRP treatment. Moreover, investigating the effects of microgravity and PRP on an in vitro wound healing model, it was found that PRP is able to counteract the microgravity-induced impairment in fibroblast migration to the wound site. This could be one of the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of PRP in preventing healing impairment in unloading conditions.

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Guilbeau, Jane M. "Delayed Wound Healing with Sirolimus after Liver Transplant." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 36, no. 9 (September 2002): 1391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1345/aph.1a128.

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OBJECTIVE: To report 3 separate cases of wound dehiscence in liver transplant recipients receiving sirolimus for immunosuppressive therapy. CASE SUMMARIES: Three patients who had received liver transplants experienced a delay in wound granulation and healing after being placed on an immunosuppressive regimen containing sirolimus and steroids. Each patient was admitted and treated for wound dehiscence, at which time sirolimus was discontinued. When other immunosuppressive agents were substituted for sirolimus, each incisional wound granulated and closed without complication. DISCUSSION: Sirolimus is an important adjunctive immunosuppressant used to prevent acute rejection episodes in patients who have undergone transplant, particularly when nephrotoxic effects from first-line calcineurin inhibitors become problematic. The unique ability of sirolimus to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal thickening by blocking important growth factors may subsequently become a significant feature to prevent the development of chronic rejection. Theoretically, by this same mechanism, sirolimus may play a role in forestalling wound healing and may even promote dehiscence. CONCLUSIONS: These case reports describe patients who underwent liver transplant who developed wound dehiscence possibly secondary to sirolimus therapy. Although the cases were complicated by acute rejection, wound infections, and comorbidities, wound granulation and healing began after discontinuation of sirolimus. Substitution with another immunosuppressant may be necessary for patients who experience wound dehiscence after transplant.

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Díaz-García, Daniel, Alžbeta Filipová, Idalia Garza-Veloz, and Margarita L. Martinez-Fierro. "A Beginner’s Introduction to Skin Stem Cells and Wound Healing." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 11030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222011030.

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The primary function of the skin is that of a physical barrier against the environment and diverse pathogens; therefore, its integrity is essential for survival. Skin regeneration depends on multiple stem cell compartments within the epidermis, which, despite their different transcriptional and proliferative capacity, as well as different anatomical location, fall under the general term of skin stem cells (SSCs). Skin wounds can normally heal without problem; however, some diseases or extensive damage may delay or prevent healing. Non-healing wounds represent a serious and life-threatening scenario that may require advanced therapeutic strategies. In this regard, increased focus has been directed at SSCs and their role in wound healing, although emerging therapeutical approaches are considering the use of other stem cells instead, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Given its extensive and broad nature, this review supplies newcomers with an introduction to SSCs, wound healing, and therapeutic strategies for skin regeneration, thus familiarizing the reader with the subject in preparation for future in depth reading.

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Akhmetova, Alma, and Andrea Heinz. "Electrospinning Proteins for Wound Healing Purposes: Opportunities and Challenges." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13010004.

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Abstract:

With the growth of the aging population worldwide, chronic wounds represent an increasing burden to healthcare systems. Wound healing is complex and not only affected by the patient’s physiological conditions, but also by bacterial infections and inflammation, which delay wound closure and re-epithelialization. In recent years, there has been a growing interest for electrospun polymeric wound dressings with fiber diameters in the nano- and micrometer range. Such wound dressings display a number of properties, which support and accelerate wound healing. For instance, they provide physical and mechanical protection, exhibit a high surface area, allow gas exchange, are cytocompatible and biodegradable, resemble the structure of the native extracellular matrix, and deliver antibacterial agents locally into the wound. This review paper gives an overview on cytocompatible and biodegradable fibrous wound dressings obtained by electrospinning proteins and peptides of animal and plant origin in recent years. Focus is placed on the requirements for the fabrication of such drug delivery systems by electrospinning as well as their wound healing properties and therapeutic potential. Moreover, the incorporation of antimicrobial agents into the fibers or their attachment onto the fiber surface as well as their antimicrobial activity are discussed.

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Yang, Bo-Yin, Chung-Hsuan Hu, Wei-Chien Huang, Chien-Yi Ho, Chun-Hsu Yao, and Chiung-Hua Huang. "Effects of Bilayer Nanofibrous Scaffolds Containing Curcumin/Lithospermi Radix Extract on Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats." Polymers 11, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11111745.

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Abstract:

Impaired growth factor production, angiogenic response, macrophage function, and collagen accumulation have been shown to delay wound healing. Delayed wound healing is a debilitating complication of diabetes that leads to significant morbidity. In this study, curcumin and Lithospermi radix (LR) extract, which are used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine, were added within nanofibrous membranes to improve wound healing in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Gelatin-based nanofibers, which were constructed with curcumin and LR extract at a flow rate of 0.1 mL/hour and an applied voltage of 20 kV, were electrospun onto chitosan scaffolds to produce bilayer nanofibrous scaffolds (GC/L/C). The wounds treated with GC/L/C exhibited a higher recovery rate and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) expression in Western blot assays. The decreased levels of pro-inflammatory markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), provided evidence for the anti-inflammatory effects of GC/L/C treatment. Chronic wounds treated with GC/L/C achieved better performance with a 58 ± 7% increase in recovery rate on the seventh day. Based on its anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects, the GC/L/C bilayer nanofibrous scaffolds can be potential materials for chronic wound treatment.

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Jung, Youngjin, Daegu Son, Sunyoung Kwon, Junhyung Kim, and Kihwan Han. "Experimental pig model of clinically relevant wound healing delay by intrinsic factors." International Wound Journal 10, no. 3 (May 8, 2012): 295–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-481x.2012.00976.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Wound healing delay'

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