Academic literature on the topic 'Wound antibiotic treatment'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Wound antibiotic treatment.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Wound antibiotic treatment"
1
Caputo, Wayne J., Patricia Monterosa, and Donald Beggs. "Antibiotic Misuse in Wound Care: Can Bacterial Localization through Fluorescence Imaging Help?" Diagnostics 12, no. 12 (December 17, 2022): 3207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123207.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: Systemic antibiotic use in chronic wounds is alarmingly high worldwide. Between 53% to 71% of patients are prescribed at least one course per chronic wound. Systemic antibiotic use should follow antibiotic stewardship guidelines and ought to be reserved for situations where their use is deemed supported by clinical indications. Unfortunately, in the field of wound care, indiscriminate and often inadequate use of systemic antibiotics is leading to both patient complications and worsening antibiotic resistance rates. Implementing novel tools that help clinicians prevent misuse or objectively determine the true need for systemic antibiotics is essential to reduce prescribing rates. (2) Methods: We present a compendium of available systemic antibiotic prescription rates in chronic wounds. The impact of various strategies used to improve these rates, as well as preliminary data on the impact of implementing fluorescence imaging technology to finesse wound status diagnosis, are presented. (3) Results: Interventions including feedback from wound care surveillance and treatment data registries as well as better diagnostic strategies can ameliorate antibiotic misuse. (4) Conclusions: Interventions that mitigate unnecessary antibiotic use are needed. Effective strategies include those that raise awareness of antibiotic overprescribing and those that enhance diagnosis of infection, such as fluorescence imaging.
2
Polk, Hiram C., and A. Britton Christmas. "Prophylactic Antibiotics in Surgery and Surgical Wound Infections." American Surgeon 66, no. 2 (February 2000): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480006600203.
Full textAbstract:
Wound infection remains a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality among surgical patients, despite the relative success of prophylactic antibiotics. In modern efforts to control healthcare costs while improving the quality of patient care, we must not overlook the basic principles of wound infections and their appropriate treatment. Predisposing factors for the development of surgical wound infection include the creation of a surgical wound, the presence of bacteria, and a susceptible host. The selection of an appropriate antimicrobial drug depends on the identification of the most likely pathogens associated with a given procedure, as well as the expected antibiotic susceptibility of those pathogens. Ideally, a prophylactic antibiotic should achieve high peak tissue concentration at the site of the wound before the first incision and should be maintained until the time of closure. Currently, the administration of prophylactic antibiotics is indicated for contaminated and clean-contaminated wounds. Despite the proven effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis, many researchers would argue that contemporary dosing regimens should be reevaluated. The debates concerning the dosage and timing of ideal prophylactic administration are likely to continue.
3
Nowak, Marcela, and Wioletta Barańska-Rybak. "Nanomaterials as a Successor of Antibiotics in Antibiotic-Resistant, Biofilm Infected Wounds?" Antibiotics 10, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080941.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic wounds are a growing problem for both society and patients. They generate huge costs for treatment and reduce the quality of life of patients. The greatest challenge when treating a chronic wound is prolonged infection, which is commonly caused by biofilm. Biofilm makes bacteria resistant to individuals’ immune systems and conventional treatment. As a result, new treatment options, including nanomaterials, are being tested and implemented. Nanomaterials are particles with at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nM. Lipids, liposomes, cellulose, silica and metal can be carriers of nanomaterials. This review’s aim is to describe in detail the mode of action of those molecules that have been proven to have antimicrobial effects on biofilm and therefore help to eradicate bacteria from chronic wounds. Nanoparticles seem to be a promising treatment option for infection management, which is essential for the final stage of wound healing, which is complete wound closure.
4
Lovětinská-Šlamborová, Irena, Petr Holý, Petr Exnar, and Ivana Veverková. "Silica Nanofibers with Immobilized Tetracycline for Wound Dressing." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2485173.
Full textAbstract:
Local antibiotic treatment has its justification for superficial infections. The advantage of this treatment is that the antibiotic has effects on bacterial agent directly at the application site. Skin infections which are intended for the local antibiotic treatment are superficial pyoderma, some festering wounds, burns of second and third degree, infected leg ulcers, or decubitus of second and third degree. Tetracyclines are available topical antibiotics with a broad bacterial spectrum. At present, ointments containing tetracycline are also used for the treatment, which rarely can lead to skin sensitization. In this paper, a development of novel nanofibrous material with immobilized tetracycline is presented. Two different methods of immobilized tetracycline quantification onto silica nanofibers are employed. It was proven that the prevailing part of tetracycline was bound weakly by physisorption forces, while the minor part was covalently bound by NH2groups formed by the preceding functionalization. The silica nanofibers with immobilized tetracycline are promising material for wound dressing applications due to its antibacterial activity; it was proved by tests.
5
White, Terris L., Alfred T. Culliford, Martin Zomaya, Gary Freed, and Christopher P. Demas. "Use of Antibiotic-Impregnated Absorbable Beads and Tissue Coverage of Complex Wounds." American Surgeon 82, no. 11 (November 2016): 1068–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481608201121.
Full textAbstract:
The treatment of complex wounds is commonplace for plastic surgeons. Standard management is debridement of infected and devitalized tissue and systemic antibiotic therapy. In cases where vital structures are exposed within the wound, coverage is obtained with the use of vascularized tissue using both muscle and fasciocutaneous flaps. The use of nondissolving polymethylmethacrylate and absorbable antibiotic-impregnated beads has been shown to deliver high concentrations of antibiotics with low systemic levels of the same antibiotic. We present a multicenter retrospective review of all cases that used absorbable antibiotic-impregnated beads for complex wound management from 2003 to 2013. A total of 104 cases were investigated, flap coverage was used in 97 cases (93.3%). Overall, 15 patients (14.4%) required reoperation with the highest groups involving orthopedic wounds and sternal wounds. The advantages of using absorbable antibiotic-impregnated beads in complex infected wounds have been demonstrated with minimal disadvantages. The utilization of these beads is expanding to a variety of complex infectious wounds requiring high concentrations of local antibiotics.
6
Stewart, Laveta, Ping Li, Maj Dana M. Blyth, Wesley R. Campbell, Joseph L. Petfield, Margot Krauss, Lauren Greenberg, and David R. Tribble. "Antibiotic Practice Patterns for Extremity Wound Infections among Blast-Injured Subjects." Military Medicine 185, Supplement_1 (January 2020): 628–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usz211.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Introduction We examined antibiotic management of combat-related extremity wound infections (CEWI) among wounded U.S. military personnel (2009–2012). Methods Patients were included if they sustained blast injuries, resulting in ≥1 open extremity wound, were admitted to participating U.S. hospitals, developed a CEWI (osteomyelitis or deep soft-tissue infections) within 30 days post-injury, and received ≥3 days of relevant antibiotic (s) for treatment. Results Among 267 patients, 133 (50%) had only a CEWI, while 134 (50%) had a CEWI plus concomitant non-extremity infection. In the pre-diagnosis period (4–10 days prior to CEWI diagnosis), 95 (36%) patients started a new antibiotic with 28% of patients receiving ≥2 antibiotics. During CEWI diagnosis week (±3 days of diagnosis), 209 (78%) patients started a new antibiotic (71% with ≥2 antibiotics). In the week following diagnosis (4–10 days after CEWI diagnosis), 121 (45%) patients started a new antibiotic with 39% receiving ≥2 antibiotics. Restricting to ±7 days of CEWI diagnosis, patients commonly received two (35%) or three (27%) antibiotics with frequent combinations involving carbapenem, vancomycin, and fluoroquinolones. Conclusions Substantial variation in antibiotic prescribing patterns related to CEWIs warrants development of combat-related clinical practice guidelines beyond infection prevention, to include strategies to reduce the use of unnecessary antibiotics and improve stewardship.
7
Al-Naqshbandi, Ahmed A., Hedy A. Hassan, Mahmoud A. Chawsheen, and Haval H. Abdul Qader. "Categorization of Bacterial Pathogens Present in Infected Wounds and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile Recovered from Patients Attending Rizgary Hospital-Erbil." ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/aro.10864.
Full textAbstract:
Wound infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria can extend a patients’ debility and increase the expense of treatment in the long term; therefore, careful management of patients with wound infections is necessary to avoid complications. The usage of antimicrobial agent is a major factor in resistance development. This study aims to understand the causes of wound infections, as well as the criteria for diagnosing them for more sensible antibiotic prescribing. Samples from 269 wound patients were collected, and cultured for bacterial growth. Gram stain technique, bacterial identification via VITEK 2 compact system were investigated in this study. Gram negative bacteria accounted for 59.15% of the total isolates, while pathogenic gram positive bacteria accounted for 40.85% of total isolates. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the dominant pathogenic gram negative bacteria in wounds, while Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis are the dominant pathogenic gram positive bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed 100% resistance to the majority of antibiotic tested, including Ampicillin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, Aztreona, Ceftriaxone, and others. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are 100% resistant to Ampicillin, Ceftriaxone, and Cefotaxime. For more efficient antibiotic prescriptions, the causative microorganisms, and their current susceptibility patterns need to be mandated for testing before prescribing any antibiotics to patients. Prescriptions are frequently based solely on general information about the antibiotic's function, rather than on individual response variation to the pathogen and the antibiotic. Particularly when the common pathogens in this study show multidrug resistance in wounds.
8
Goulart, Débora Brito. "The use of silver hydrogel in wound treatment as an alternative to reduce antibiotic-resistant pathogens." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 12 (September 18, 2022): e387111234849. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.34849.
Full textAbstract:
Medical science is currently at an early stage for effectively controlling skin damage. One of the main barriers to good wound healing is bacterial infection, which poses a risk of long-term harmful effects. A clean wound, free of bacterial infections, is essential for the quick and effective regeneration of the skin. Hydrogel is one of the best biomaterials for antibiotic delivery in wound areas due to its high hydrophilicity, distinctive three-dimensional network, good biocompatibility, and cell adherence. Although many antibiotics are successful in treating infected wounds, improper or repetitive use of these medications may cause germs to become resistant. Notoriously, antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria is already considered a serious global public health issue. Recently, the use of silver associated with nanotechnology has been reconsidered as an important alternative to reduce the spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Silver hydrogel dressings have become effective agents in wound management, substituting the use of antibiotics. The objective of this review is to show the importance of hydrogels in wound treatments, as well as the antibacterial properties of silver hydrogels and their implications in wound care.
9
Cross, S. E., M. J. Thompson, and M. S. Roberts. "Distribution of systemically administered ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, and flucloxacillin in excisional wounds in diabetic and normal rats and effects of local topical vasodilator treatment." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 40, no. 7 (July 1996): 1703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.40.7.1703.
Full textAbstract:
The present study assessed the suitability of the streptozotocin-treated diabetic rat as a model for the study of diabetes-impaired wound healing. The distribution of three antibiotics, ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, and flucloxacillin, in wound and adjacent tissue sites on the abdomens and legs of normal and diabetic rats was determined 30 min after intravenous administration of a single bolus containing 50 mg of all three antibiotics per kg of body weight. Tissue/plasma ratios showed that antibiotic tissue penetration appeared to be related to protein binding. The treatment of wound sites with vasodilators (1% solution) to increase local blood flow and antibiotic delivery to the site was then determined and appeared to be more effective with endothelium-independent sodium nitroprusside than with endothelium-dependent acetylcholine in diabetic rats. These results suggest that coadministration of topical vasodilators to wound sites in neuropathic diabetic patients undergoing antibiotic therapy for infected ulcers could increase antibiotic delivery to wound tissue sites.
10
Dallo, Matthew, Kavina Patel, and Adelaide A. Hebert. "Topical Antibiotic Treatment in Dermatology." Antibiotics 12, no. 2 (January 17, 2023): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020188.
Full textAbstract:
Many indications in dermatology can be effectively managed with topical antibiotics, including acne vulgaris, wound infections, secondarily infected dermatitis, and impetigo. Dermatologists must be familiar with the wide spectrum of topical antibiotics available, including indications, mechanisms of action, adverse events, and spectra of activity. Dermatologists must also keep antibiotic resistance in mind when utilizing these medications. Due to the widespread use of topical antibiotics and their importance in dermatology, a literature review was performed using a systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar with the terms topical antibiotics, skin infections, dermatology, antimicrobials, and inflammatory dermatoses to identify English-language articles published between 1965–2022 from any country. Relevant publications were manually reviewed for additional content. The following literature review will summarize the common topical antibiotics used in dermatology.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wound antibiotic treatment"
1
Nelson, Tasha K. "A New All-Natural Wound Treatment Gel Shows Strong Inhibitory Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus and Other Wound Pathogens." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3911.
Full textAbstract:
Skin related injuries are some of the most dangerous forms of wounds. In addition to treating the wound itself, health care providers must be cautious of microbial infections. In this study, we evaluate a novel all-natural antimicrobial gel compound (AMG) designed to kill planktonic bacteria, penetrate bacterial biofilms, and accelerate wound healing. In -vitro experiments demonstrate that AMG is effective in inhibiting planktonic growth and biofilm development of eight common pathogens. LIVE/DEAD staining and confocal microscopy reveal that planktonic growth and three-dimensional structure of biofilms were significantly reduced. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was used to investigate a small panel of genes (PrsA, Sprx) and showed potential targets for future study. A physiologically relevant wound model was created for treating S. aureus infections by using AMG alone or in combination with a common topical antibiotic, Mupirocin. AMG is a safe and effective treatment option for skin related infection.
2
Howell-Jones, Rebecca. "Antibiotic use in the treatment of chronic wounds." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55708/.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic wounds cause substantial morbidity and healthcare costs and prevalence is rising as the population ages and diabetes increases. Microbes are ubiquitous in chronic wounds, with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa commonplace. Antibiotic resistance is also widespread and increasing. Patients with chronic wounds are exposed to many antibiotic resistance risk factors. This study investigated antibiotic consumption by patients with chronic wounds and the prevalence of and risk factors for antibiotic resistant organisms in such wounds. Finally, the impact of resistance on the cost of treatment was investigated. Antibiotic consumption by patients with chronic wounds treated in primary care was significantly higher than matched patients without chronic wounds. This included greater quantities of flucloxacillin, co-amoxiclav, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin. The prevalence of antibiotic resistant organisms in chronic wounds of patients attending a specialist wound-healing clinic was investigated. No patients carried vancomycin- resistant enterococci in their wounds. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was 10%. No wound characteristics were associated with MRSA. Carriage was associated with previous MRSA and 'other' systemic antibiotics. The prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa was 11%. Exploratory analysis identified previous antibiotics (specifically ciprofloxacin, 'other' topical antimicrobials and 'other' systemic antibiotics) and wound aetiology as risk factors. Healing wounds were less likely to carry ciprofloxacin-resistant P. aeruginosa. Treatment costs for venous leg ulcers were explored using Markov models: one year's treatment, following presentation, cost £1008. Antibiotic resistance prevalence had little impact on cost. The frequency of nursing visits (for healed and active ulcers), cost of hospital appointments and cost of nurses had the greatest impact. In summary, antibiotics are commonly used in primary care management of chronic wounds. However ciprofloxacin and 'other' systemic antibiotics may be associated with carriage of antibiotic resistant organisms. The impact of resistance on treatment costs of venous ulcers is small, provided effective alternatives are available.
Books on the topic "Wound antibiotic treatment"
1
Sukhtankar, Priya, Julia Clark, and Saul N. Faust. Bone and joint infections in children. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0099.
Full textAbstract:
Bone and joint infections in children are uncommon, but they affect all ages and there is a wide range of disease. The mode of infection may be haematogenous or by direct inoculation from a wound. The child may present acutely unwell or with a chronic infection. Clinical features include fever, reluctance to move the affected limb, pain, and swelling. Laboratory tests and medical imaging are used to confirm diagnosis. Medical treatment is with initial intravenous antibiotic therapy, usually followed by oral treatment. Surgical treatment may be necessary if abscess or joint collection is present. In general prognosis is good with timely initiation of treatment, although complications such as pathological fracture are occasionally seen.
2
Gertz, Alida. Tularemia. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0067.
Full textAbstract:
Tularemia, caused by the gram-negative coccobacillus Francisella tularensis, is an extremely infectious bacterial zoonosis. Symptoms depend on site of exposure; they can be nonspecific and may include fever, lymphadenopathy, ulcer or papule, and nausea/vomiting. Natural transmission occurs via small mammals, such as rabbits, or arthropod bites. IV or IM antibiotics are preferred over oral forms. Supportive care is also critical; some patients may require respiratory support. If used as a biological weapon, aerosolized F. tularensis would be the most likely route of transmission. Clinical symptoms would include those of pneumonic tularemia. In the event of a bioterrorist attack, oral administration antibiotics can be used, as the health care system may not be able to accommodate intravenous or intramuscular treatment. Antibiotic resistance should also be considered if patients deteriorate despite use of recommended antibiotics.
3
Steiner, Lisa A. Infections of the Hand. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0047.
Full textAbstract:
Hand infections can be delineated by type and location of infection, by a polymicrobial vs single microbial colonization, and by the type of organism. They are most often caused by superficial injury or trauma. Early identification and timely treatment can significantly improve the morbidity associated with hand infections. In addition to determining the source and mechanism of infection, it is important to identify tetanus immunization status, prior injury to the affected area, immune status, occupation, and hand dominance. Some hand infections (eg, paronychia, felon, herpetic whitlow, and cellulitis) can be treated in the emergency department and discharged with close follow-up. Deep space abscesses and infections caused by bite wounds involving tendons will require either observation, admission, or surgery depending on their severity. Take into account a patient’s comorbidities—diabetes, immunosuppression, injection drug use, inability to follow up for re-evaluation, and ability to fill antibiotic prescriptions—upon disposition.
Book chapters on the topic "Wound antibiotic treatment"
1
Iyer, Shweta R., and Ee Tein Tay. "Wound Care." In Pediatric Emergencies, 295–301. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190073879.003.0026.
Full textAbstract:
Wound care is a common complaint in the pediatric emergency department, and depending on the type of wound, there are a myriad of options for treatment. Various options exist for analgesia and anxiolysis, including child-friendly techniques and topical, oral, intranasal, and injectable medications. Options for wound repair include nonsuture techniques, which may be favorable in children when appropriate (e.g., hair apposition technique and tissue adhesives). This chapter discusses types of wounds, analgesia, cleaning, repair of wounds (including topical adhesives, sutures, and staples), and tetanus prophylaxis. Suturing methods and various types of sutures with their respective indications are reviewed. It also discusses common complications and indications for antibiotic treatment, imaging, consultations, and disposition.
2
Jibawi, Abdullah, Mohamed Baguneid, and Arnab Bhowmick. "Antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery." In Current Surgical Guidelines, edited by Abdullah Jibawi, Mohamed Baguneid, and Arnab Bhowmick, 169–78. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198794769.003.0019.
Full textAbstract:
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common cause of nosocomial infection and prophylactic antibiotics are used to reduce post-operative wound infection. To identify risk factors for developing SSIs and to prescribe antibiotics for both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment according to local guidelines is very important. Beta lactams should be avoided in case of penicillin allergy and risk of multidrug resistance. C. diff infection should be considered with prolonged use of antibiotics.
3
Ayefoumi Adinortey, Cynthia, Michael Wilson, and Samuel Kojo Kwofie. "Honey as a Natural Product Worthy of Re-Consideration in Treating MRSA Wound Infections." In The Global Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemic – Innovative Approaches and Cutting-Edge Solutions [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104219.
Full textAbstract:
The use of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections have largely been successful. However, the misuse and overuse of these precious drugs have led to the development of bacterial resistance and this seems to have jeopardized their effectiveness. Many antibiotics that hitherto were seen as “miraculous drugs”, have witnessed a low efficacy and this has threatened the life of humanity as never before. The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is the major cause of this sad development. One such superbug is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a general problem in most healthcare centers with a reported astronomical incidence of invasive MRSA infections causing death. Honey, a natural product, popular for its antibacterial activity is increasingly being used owing to its reported antibiotic potential against ‘stubborn’ bacteria. This review discusses the fact that though honey is an ancient remedy, it is still relevant and its application in modern medicine for the treatment of chronically infected wounds caused by MRSA should be re-visited. Furthermore, the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of medical-grade honey on S. aureus infections and challenges encountered by Researchers in developing honey, into an acceptable medical, therapeutic antibacterial agent for wound care have also been highlighted.
4
VanDerhoef, Katlin, and Jeffrey P. Louie. "Current Concepts: Pediatric Dog Bite Injuries." In Wound Healing - Recent Advances and Future Opportunities [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102329.
Full textAbstract:
Dog bite wounds are an increasingly common occurrence, particularly in children. Providers must be able to manage bite injuries, as well as identify wound infections and how to treat them. This chapter discusses common dog bite injuries, immediate and delayed sequelae of a bite wound, wound closure, and antibiotic treatment regimens. Facial injuries are common in pediatrics and may require surgical consultation. Knowledge of the immunization status of the patient and dog is essential in the prevention and sequala of tetanus and rabies. The subsequent information is essential for any physician working with children and their families, particularly in the emergency setting.
5
Sukhtankar, Priya, Julia Clark, and Saul N. Faust. "Bone and joint infections in children." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 753–63. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0099_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
Bone and joint infections in children are uncommon, but they affect all ages and there is a wide range of disease. The mode of infection may be haematogenous or by direct inoculation from a wound. The child may present acutely unwell or with a chronic infection. Clinical features include fever, reluctance to move the affected limb, pain, and swelling. Laboratory tests and medical imaging are used to confirm diagnosis. Medical treatment is with initial intravenous antibiotic therapy, usually followed by oral treatment. Surgical treatment may be necessary if abscess or joint collection is present. In general prognosis is good with timely initiation of treatment, although complications such as pathological fracture are occasionally seen.
6
Munro, Alasdair, Julia Clark, and Saul N. Faust. "Bone and joint infections in children." In Oxford Textbook of Rheumatology, 753–63. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0099_update_002.
Full textAbstract:
Bone and joint infections in children are uncommon, but they affect all ages and there is a wide range of disease. The mode of infection may be haematogenous or by direct inoculation from a wound. The child may present acutely unwell or with a chronic infection. Clinical features include fever, reluctance to move the affected limb, pain, and swelling. Laboratory tests and medical imaging are used to confirm diagnosis. Medical treatment is with initial intravenous antibiotic therapy, usually followed by oral treatment. Surgical treatment may be necessary if abscess or joint collection is present. In general prognosis is good with timely initiation of treatment, although complications such as pathological fracture are occasionally seen.
7
Morgan, Marina S. "Pasteurella." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Christopher P. Conlon, 1088–91. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0123.
Full textAbstract:
Pasteurella multocida is an important human Gram-negative pathogen residing primarily in the oropharynx of mammals and transmitted through bites and scratches. Presentation is typically within 12 h of injury with rapidly spreading cellulitis or sepsis, leading to serious morbidity and mortality (up to 40%) if untreated. Diagnosis is clinical: fresh bite wound cultures are unhelpful, but the organism is usually cultured in cases with established infection, especially if presenting within 24 hours of the injury. Treatment requires thorough wound debridement, with delayed closure if possible, along with antimicrobials to provide empirical cover against pasteurellae and all the other expected pathogens (e.g. amoxicillin-clavulanate plus ciprofloxacin, or meropenem plus clindamycin). Prevention is by avoidance of animal bites or scratches and prompt hygienic management of wounds: antibiotic prophylaxis (amoxicillin-clavulanate or—for the penicillin allergic—doxycycline or azithromycin) should be reserved for high-risk bites (e.g. cat bites) or high-risk wounds that are difficult to debride.
8
Baird, Lissa C. "Myelomeningocele." In Pediatric Neurosurgery, 65–72. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617073.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Myelomeningocele classically presents as an open neural tube defect and carries an immediate risk for infection to the central nervous system. A complete preoperative evaluation for associated congenital anomalies is critical. Hydrocephalus will manifest at birth or develop postnatally in the majority of patients with open myelomeningocele. Broad spectrum antibiotic therapy prior to urgent surgical closure is standard treatment. Meticulous care should be taken when dissecting the placode in order to avoid inclusion of dermal elements or injury to the parenchyma and nerve roots. Reconstruction of the thecal sac should be carried out in a watertight fashion. Closure of myofascial and cutaneous layers may require complex repair techniques depending on the size of the defect. Meticulous closure will minimize postoperative wound healing complications.
9
Rajasekaran, Rajesh Nithyanandam, Hastheesudabye Puddoo, and Thaothy Nithyanandam Nguyenhuynh. "An Overview of Treatment of Antibiotics Using Advanced Oxidation Process." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 226–60. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5766-1.ch010.
Full textAbstract:
Antibiotics present in the environment are originated from pharmaceutical manufacturing processes or through wastes such as urine and feces. As antibiotics remain recalcitrant and persist in the treated water, consumption of treated water containing antibiotics raises a concern in the development of antibiotic resistance bacteria which would be later released to the environment. It might result in a vicious cycle which new antibiotics needs to be developed and dosage has to increase. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) have been studied to effectively degrade antibiotics. During this process, hydroxyl radicals are formed to degrade organic compounds. Different APO are available in the literature such as photo-Fenton, Fenton, ozonation, sonolysis (UV), ultrasound combined with ozone, TiO2/direct photolysis, UV/H2O2, UV/ TiO2, UV/IGBT. To treat the high level of concentration of antibiotics, retention time of AOPs needs to be extended or/and OH• radicals need to be produced in a higher concentration for a complete mineralization.
10
Labovská, Silvia. "Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a Cause of Nosocomial Infections." In Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Biofilm Formation, Infections and Treatments. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95908.
Full textAbstract:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as a gram-negative aerobic rod, is still one of the most resistant agents of nosocomial infections. It is used for the development of respiratory, urinary and wound infections. It causes bacteremia, especially in patients who are hospitalized for anesthesiology and resuscitation department or ICU, who often have respiratory insufficiency and hemodynamic instability and require artificial lung ventilation. Mechanical ventilation itself is a significant risk factor for the development of pseudomonad pneumonia. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has enzymes that are encoded on both chromosomes and plasmids, often in combination with other mechanisms of resistance, such as reducing the permeability of the outer or cytoplasmic membrane. Due to carbapenemases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa loses sensitivity to carbapenem and becomes resistant to this antibiotic. It also becomes resistant to aminoglycosides, cephalosporins and ureidopenicillins. It is also resistant to Quaternary disinfectants. The reservoir of pseudomonas nosocomial infection is hospital water, taps, shower roses, swimming pools, healing waters and others. The intervention of anti-epidemic measures in the case of infections caused by pseudomonad strains has not yet reached such sophistication as in the case of MRSA for time, personnel and economic reasons. In the absence of an epidemic, intervention in sporadic cases consists of informing nursing staff of the occurrence of a multidrug-resistant agent, including providing all patient demographics and relieving careful adherence to the barrier treatment, cleansing, disinfection and isolation regimen.
Conference papers on the topic "Wound antibiotic treatment"
1
Weston, Vivienne. "Antibiotic Treatment of Spinal Wound Infections." In eccElearning Postgraduate Diploma in Spine Surgery. eccElearning, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28962/01.3.154.
Full text
2
Melro, Liliana, Tânia D. Tavares, Jorge Padrão, Fernando Dourado, Miguel Gama, Carla Silva, Joana C. Antunes, Helena P. Felgueiras, and Andrea Zille. "Antimicrobial Activity of a Bacterial Nanocellulose Film Functionalized with Nisin Z for Prospective Burn Wounds Treatment." In The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Antibiotics—Drugs for Superbugs: Antibiotic Discovery, Modes of Action And Mechanisms of Resistance. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eca2022-12708.
Full text
3
Vasko, Christopher A., and Christina G. Giannopapa. "Liquid Droplets in Contact With Cold Non-Equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63629.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, cold, non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPs) and their active chemistry have been extensively investigated to the benefit of a wide array of applications such as biomedical and industrial applications mainly in the area of materials processing and chemical synthesis, amongst many others. In general, these plasmas operate at standard conditions (i.e. 1 atm, 300K), are small (∼ cm) and rather simple to operate in comparison to other plasmas. Their complex chemistry gives rise to a wide array of both stable and transient reactive species: such as O3, H2O2, OH and NOx, next to charged species and (V)UV-radiation. This chemistry is the reason for their wide spread application and has already found many industrial applications from waste water treatment, stain free detergents and industrial scale production of oxidants. In recent years, bactericidal effects of CAPs gained increasing attention for applications such as dermatology, disinfection, dentistry and cancer treatment or stimulated blood coagulation. This paper aims to highlight recent research into new biological applications for complex mission scenarios involving humans in remote locations using CAPs for disinfection, bleaching or wound healing. Results using radiofrequency plasma jets for the inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are summarized, highlighting the importance of liquid plasma interactions. Work with such a CAP paved the way for a promising application in the field of biomedical applications presented here. It involves surface barrier discharges which can be used to treat larger surfaces compared to jets. Their physical construction, using floating or contained electrodes, offer a convenient way of controlling electrical current on a large scale, 3D treatment of both conducting and insulating surfaces with minimal heating. These devices may be tailored to specific skin treatments, allowing fast and effective treatment of larger skin surfaces while following the shape of the skin. This might reduce the need for bactericidal agents and would be a valuable application to assist humans in remote locations. These emerging technologies could be essential both for human health care under extreme conditions, as well as for research itself (sterilisation of tools and large areas, etc.). Especially in the absence of abundant resources (antibiotic agents, disinfectants and the like) alternative approaches to support humans in isolated locations have to be developed. Applications based on a good understanding of plasma chemistry would empower health care under extreme conditions to efficiently use and manage in situ resources. Their low mass, compact size, low power consumption and high reliability could make them essential use under extreme conditions.
4
Lutphy Ali, Noor, Mustafa D. Younus, Omar F. Bahjat, Lina Sordash Hassan, Mohamad Hawar Rahman, Kawa Kamal Kareem, Darya Emad, and Hataw Ali. "Identification of Pharyngitis Bacteria in Patients with Sore Throat Features in Rizgary Teaching Hospital and Overuse of Antibiotics." In 4th International Conference on Biological & Health Sciences (CIC-BIOHS’2022). Cihan University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/biohs2022/paper.745.
Full textAbstract:
This research is designed to study sore throat (pharyngitis) and its causes, which is considered to be one of the serious health problems that affect many individuals annually. The research included an infected study status of 81 cases suspected of pharyngitis attending Rzgary Hospital department of ENT, in Erbil city. Infection was diagnosed by culturing the throat swab and collecting data about individual gender, age, occupation and residency. Also, this study deals with acute and chronic pain of sore throat (pharyngitis) and describes their causes. As well as the diagnosis was also achieved. Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus sp., were isolated from the pharyngitis patients. The antibiotic susceptibility test was carried on the isolated bacteria using different types of antibiotics such as Ampicillin, Penicillin, Streptomycin, Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime. The results indicated that most of the bacteria were resistant to the antibiotics. The highest sensitivity of pathogenic bacterial species was found towards streptomycin, while Ampicillin and Penicillin had the highest resistance; hence antimicrobial treatment should be recommended only after culturing and sensitivity testing. This would aid in the appropriate treatment, discourage the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and avoid further development of drug resistance. It has been found that males are more vulnerable to getting pharyngitis than females. Age has a significant influence on increasing or decreasing the number of infected people. Also, the individuals living in Erbil city are more prone to be infected than those in the villages.
5
Pachnicki, Jan Pawel Andrade, Alice Soares Paes Giugliano Meschino, Fernanda Cristina Kilian, Gabriela Vanim de Moraes, and Sarah Oliveira de Lima. "PUERPERAL MASTITIS COMPLICATED WITH MYIASIS: A CASE REPORT." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1083.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Puerperal mastitis is an inflammatory process of the mammary gland that affects women during lactation, due to stasis in the mammary ducts. The clinical findings vary from focal inflammation to abscesses when not treated early. Additional complications may arise, such as tissue loss by necrosis, leading to the appearance of opportunistic diseases. Myiasis consists of appearance of fly larvae in these tissues, a rare condition in humans. When in cutaneomucosal area, there are complaints of intense pruritus and local pain. The authors seeked to correlate the clinical aspects of puerperal mastitis with breast involvement by myiasis, aiming at the importance of early management and treatment of these pathologies. Case report: A 23-year-old patient, GIV PIII, was admitted to a maternity hospital in Paraná, Brazil, with mastitis. The day after the admission, under treatment with Oxacillin, she evolved to natural birth. During the immediate puerperium, abscedation was observed, and surgical drainage was indicated. The patient refused to be submitted to the procedure and evaded the hospital. One week later, she returned with an engorged, edematous and hyperemic right breast, with fluctuation point at 2h and spontaneous drainage of purulent secretion, in addition to a subareolar hematoma. The patient was submitted to drainage, surgical debridement, removal of the myiasis larvae noticed in the mammary tissue, and placement of a drain. Material sent for culture demonstrated growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis; deescalating broad-spectrum antibiotic regimen started empirically when she was admitted, associated with Ivermectin and Cabergoline. She presented a satisfactory response of the inflammatory process, though dehiscence of the surgical wound occurred, and she was submitted to reconstruction with breast flap during reoperation. The diagnosis of mastitis is based on breast tenderness, local flogistic signs, decreased lactopoiesis, associated with fever and fatigue, and among its serious complications is the breast abscess. The patient presented a unilateral mastitis complaining of pain, edema, local heat and hyperemia, in addition to periareolar purulent discharge and abscedation, suggesting complicated puerperal mastitis. However, because the case was not immediately resolved, the clinical situation deteriorated, with perimammary necrosis and myiasis. The necrosed tissue facilitated the penetration of larvae, a determining factor for this co-infection. It is prevalent in developing countries with poor sanitary conditions, and open wounds or necrosis are more favorable for the growth of larvae. It is necessary to emphasize the importance of good personal hygiene and adequate clothes’ washing, especially in endemic areas of myiasis, to avoid this complication and its late diagnosis.
6
Oehler, Madison, Douglas G. Hayes, and Doris D'Souza. "Encapsulation of Melittin in Bicontinuous Microemulsions for Topical Delivery." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/fmme7461.
Full textAbstract:
Surgical site infections and chronic wounds, especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, result in hospitalization and fatalities each year. Methods to prevent these infections, such as cleaning and preparing medical tools, have had minimal success in preventing infections. Further, antibiotic treatments have become less successful in treating infections and wounds as a result of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are a possible treatment solution. AMPs are oligopeptides that occur in nature or can be synthesized in vitro which possess a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria and other harmful microorganisms. AMPs operate by disrupting the packing arrangements of biomembranes in prokaryotes through their insertion into negatively charged phospholipid bilayers. However, many AMP products have failed clinical trials because of their difficulty to be delivered at high concentrations in an active form. This project proposes the use of bicontinuous microemulsions (BMEs) to encapsulate and deliver AMPs. BMEs are thermodynamically stable monophasic solutions consisting of surfactant, oil, aqueous media, and sometimes a cosurfactant. They are optically clear and consist of surfactant monolayers that separate oil and water nanodomains. Several different BME systems composed of biocompatible oils such as isopropyl myristate and limonene were evaluated for their ability to encapsulate melittin, a model AMP, and to test the system’s antimicrobial activity. AMPs are typically cationic, and the following hypothesis is being tested, that BMEs created with anionic surfactants would induce a more highly folded, hence more biologically active, conformation for melittin. We are currently measuring the antimicrobial activity of BME-encapsulated melittin against several prominent bacteria that are present in chronic wounds and surgical site infections through multiple antimicrobial assays. We will also assess the structure and microenvironment of melittin using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy, respectively, and the impact of melittin on the structure of BMEs through small-angle X-ray scattering.
7
Lukanc, Barbara, and Vladimira Erjavec. "Treating Burns in Cats and Dogs Using Medical Honey." In Socratic Lectures 7. University of Lubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2022.d11.
Full textAbstract:
Common causes of burns in small animals are household accidents or iatrogenic burns in veterinary clinics (electric heating pads…). Burns are usually treated as open wounds, where honey can be used as a dressing, that creates a moist healing environment, promotes tissue debridement, eliminates infections, has a deodorizing effect, and reduces inflammation, edema, and exudation. Honey also stimulates angiogenesis, promotes granulation tissue and epithelialization, and reduces scarring. It is important to minimise the potential contamination of burns. The high viscosity of honey acts as a physical barrier against external contaminants and the effectiveness of the barrier is enhanced by the antibacterial properties of honey. In general, antibiotics are not necessary but they are indicated in septic animals. In early stages of burn healing excessive exudate occurs, requiring dressings to be changed up to twice daily. In later stages, they are usually changed every 2-3 days. For uneventful healing, the primary layer should not adhere to the wound, which is not achieved by the application of honey. Therefore, after the application of honey we covered wounds with low-adherent absorbent dressing. We describe the treatment of a chemical burn from an iodine dressing in a cat, a thermal burn from spilled boiling soup in a cat, and a thermal burn from a heating pad in a dog with medical honey. All wounds were treated as open wounds and healed completely by second intention healing. Keywords: Burns; Cats; Dogs; Medical honey dressing
8
Heinzen, Rebeca Neves, Liliane Raupp Gomes Pizzato, Evandro Luiz Mitri Parente, Ivanio Alves Pereira, and Adriana Magalhães De Oliveira Freitas. "PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM AFTER LUMPECTOMY AND MAMMOPLASTY RESPONDS TO THE USE OF ANTI-TNF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1023.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction; Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis of unknown etiology, which can be triggered after a surgical procedure. It can occur at any surgical site, but it is more common after breast surgeries. The trauma of the surgery can increase levels of inflammatory cytokines and result in a dysfunction of the innate immune system leading to a condition with cellulitis and dehiscence in the surgical wound. Despite PG being a rare condition, a differential diagnosis is important, because the debridement can exacerbate the condition and the antibiotics don’t have clinical effects. We present a case report of PG after a breast surgery. Case report: A 37-year-old Caucasian female presented with a growing breast lump and the desire to reduce the size of her breasts. The woman had no comorbities, especially no history of autoimmune disorders. In 2009, she performed a primary mammoplasty in another service. At that time, she had a wound infection that resulted in an unfavorable aesthetic result. The patient underwent a lumpectomy it the right breast for a benign tumor (fibroadenoma) that was growing. It the same procedure, the plastic surgeon performed a second mammoplasty with a smooth prosthesis. Ten days later she presented with bilateral breast hyperemia, wound purulent discharge and dehiscence, without fever. As all breast lesions were sparing the nipple-areola complex, we had a strong suspicion of PG. She was treated with glucocorticoid prednisone 40mg once daily, colchicine 0.5mg twice daily and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker 40mg subcutaneous every two weeks. After starting immunobiological therapy, she responded quickly with complete wound healing. Discussion:PG diagnosis was done based on clinical characteristics. It is important to be aware that this condition is frequently mistaken for a wound infection, but antibiotics do not alleviate the condition. Misdiagnosis could lead also to surgical management for wound debridement which would probably make lesions worse. Most PG starts after four days to six weeks post-operatively. In this case it started ten days after the surgery. The PG occurred after a benign breast surgery with mammoplasty, but it can also occur after breast cancer surgeries and reconstructions. Our patient did not have any disease associated with PG, such as inflammatory bowel disease, spondyloarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or hematologic malignancy. As reported in the literature, the PG was bilateral, but sometimes it can be unilateral. There have never been any reports describing involvement of the nipples and areolas. We presented a rare case of PG in a woman without risk factors who had a successful treatment with glucocorticoids.
9
Shady, Sally F., and Stephen McCarthy. "Effects of Vinyl Acetate Content and Extrusion Temperatures on Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Tetracycline HCL Fibers Used for Periodontal Applications." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66216.
Full textAbstract:
Periodontal disease is a prevalent disease that effects all types of ages. Mild cases of periodontal disease include infection and gingivitis. Severe cases of periodontal disease include loss of teeth, and the increased likelihood of systemic diseases such as: cancer, osteoporosis and pneumonia. Current treatments of periodontal disease include systemic approaches such as oral tablets of antibiotics or localized treatments such as the periodontal chip. Oral antibiotics require high dosages to effectively treat the infection therefore causing unwanted side effects. Other treatments include surgery, scaling and rooting. These methods have disadvantages as they are more invasive and require long term maintenance. The aim of this study was to develop a periodontal fiber containing Tetracycline HCl and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) that can be implanted in the periodontal pocket and demonstrate a drug release for up to 10 days. To develop this drug-embedded fiber, ethylene vinyl acetate and tetracycline HCL were combined and subsequently formed into a fiber. First, both materials were melted and mixed for several minutes in a Brabender mixer. The resulting material was then pelletized and the fiber was synthesized using the hot melt extrusion process. To produce the most optimal fiber, various vinyl acetate contents were mixed and extruded at high and low processing temperatures. The fiber uniformity, tensile strength, and drug release was tested on three groups: 40% vinyl acetate with low processing temperatures, 40% vinyl acetate with high processing temperatures and 7% vinyl acetate with low processing temperatures. To test the uniformity of the fiber, an inline IR reader was used to monitor the outer diameter of the fiber. Since a 0.5mm would be easily implanted into the periodontal pocket, this was the desired fiber dimension. The Instron was used to analyze the tensile strength of each group to ensure that the fiber was durable enough to withstand the harsh environment of the oral cavity. For the drug release testing the fibers were placed into H2O and incubated to 37°C. Samples from the release media were taken at various time intervals for a total of 10 days. The samples were tested on the UV spectrophotometer for peak absorbances at 360nm. The IR reader testing showed that the Elvax 40W (40% vinyl acetate content) material was easier to extrude than the Innospec (7% vinyl acetate content). The tensile strength tests of the fibers were approximately 0.025 ± 0.05 MPa. In-vitro drug release studies indicated that the low processing temperatures fibers released approximately three times the amount of tetracycline HCl than the high processing temperature group. This indicated that the fibers with low processing temperatures had the most favorable drug release profiles for bacterial inhibition. The overall feasibility for the periodontal fiber application was demonstrated in the 40% vinyl acetate group at lower processing temperatures and has shown the potential for multiple antimicrobial applications.
Reports on the topic "Wound antibiotic treatment"
1
Wilson, Charles, and Edo Chalutz. Biological Control of Postharvest Diseases of Citrus and Deciduous Fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1991.7603518.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of this research were to develop control measures of postharvest diseases of citrus and deciduous fruits by using naturally-occurring, non-antibiotic-producing antagonists; study the mode of action of effective antagonists and optimize their application methods. Several antagonists were found against a variety of diseases of fruits and vegetables. One particularly effective yeast antagonist (US-7) was chosen for more in-depth studies. This antagonist outcompetes rot pathogens at the wound site for nutrients and space; it is better adapted than the pathogen to extreme environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and osmotic changes, and is relatively resistant to common postharvest fungicides. Our data suggests that other modes of action may also be involved. These are induction of host resistance by the antagonists or its products, and direct interaction between the antagonists and the pathogen with the possible involvement of an extracellular material and/or cell wall degrading enzymes produced by the antagonist. However, these interactions were not fully elucidated. The antagonistic activity of US-7 and other biocontrol agents isolated, was enhanced by calcium salts. While the mode of action is not known, the addition of these salts had a significant effect both in laboratory experiments and in large-scale tests. Compatibility of the yeast antagonist with present packinghouse treatments and procedures was determined. An integrated control procedure was developed, utilizing the antagonists together with ultra-low dosages of fungicides and activity-enhancing additives. This cooperative research resulted in numerous publications describing the antagonistic agents. their mode of action and possible commercial application. Patents were developed from this research and a commercial company is pursuing the licensing of these patents and the testing of the procedure on a commercial scale. Our research findings have expanded the potential for using non-antibiotic-producing antagonistic microorganisms in the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables; thus meeting a critical need to find alternatives to the use of synthetic fungicides on food products.