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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'World Trade Organization'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Yurko, Darya. "Ukraine in the World Trade Organization." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-16840.

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Nowadays, being a member of the World Trade Organization for a country means becoming an active participant of the world trade relations. On May 16, 2008, Ukraine officially became the 152th member-country of the WTO. The thesis describes the process of Ukraine's acceptance to the WTO that lasted for more than fourteen years. Moreover, in the work it is analyzed Ukraine's gains and losses after the two-year WTO membership. The study focuses on strength and weaknesses of the WTO membership in common and for Ukraine specifically.

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2

Voon, Tania Su Lien. "Cultural products in the World Trade Organization." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613858.

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3

Warida, Mokhtar Gamil. "Legalization in International Organizations : The Case of the World Trade Organization." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531462.

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4

McConnell, Irene Erika. "Trade and the environment, defining a role for the World Trade Organization." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/NQ41085.pdf.

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5

Paterson, William B. "Altering world order : the alter-globalization movement and the World Trade Organization." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/186.

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This thesis analyses the relationship between the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the alter-globalization movement through the theoretical framework of Robert W. Cox. A Coxian perspective highlights that the WTO is a central international organization of the current nebuleuse, and one integral to enforcing, promoting and defending transnational corporate hegemony. The emergence of the protest movement inaccurately labelled the ‘anti-globalization movement’ can be described as a Coxian counter-hegemonic structure. From the plethora of protesters making up this ‘anti-globalization movement’ who dispute the legitimacy of the WTO, a distinct alter-globalization movement can be identified. It prescribes the alternative principles of public accountability, the rights of people and the protection of the environment as guides to reforming the WTO towards a Coxian ‘new multilateralism’. This thesis asks: to what extent has this alter-globalisation movement succeeded in altering the policies and processes of the WTO in accordance with these principles? In Coxian terms the questions of how far the campaign for ‘new multilateralism’ has successfully altered the hegemony of the current world order and avoided trasformismo are asserted. After illustrating corporate structural power within the WTO’s policies and procedures, the alter-globalisation movement is defined as an entity of overlapping social movements and Non-Governmental Organizations (Alter-NGOs). The thesis identifies and evaluates three strategies employed by the alter-globalisation movement to place its values at the heart of the WTO: demonstrations on the street; assisting developing states during negotiations; and submitting amicus briefs to the WTO’s Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). The obstacles presented by the WTO’s policy of trasformismo are then detailed, namely: political elites coopting the alter-globalization movement’s principles into their own rhetoric; the cooption of NGOs by political elites from the developing world, and the cooption of NGOs and the fierce rejection of any NGO influence within the WTO. In its conclusions the thesis details the manner in which trasformismo is a significant tool in the armoury of corporate hegemony for resisting reform, and thereby informs existing literature on the problems faced by all social movements and NGOs engaging with reforming the world order.

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6

Roth, Jeremy. "The Political Economy of World Trade Organization Dispute Resolution." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/990.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.
Bachelors
Sciences
Political Science

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7

Gascoigne, Catherine Elizabeth. "Causation in the law of the World Trade Organization." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284910.

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The law of the World Trade Organization (WTO) both explicitly and implicitly requires that a determination of causation be made at a number of points. In several of the WTO covered agreements, an important part of making a determination about causation involves separating those factors that are causative from those that are immaterial to the outcome in question (this process of separation is known as a 'non-attribution analysis'). This thesis argues that there are six parts of the law of the WTO that require, either explicitly or implicitly, that a causation and non-attribution analysis be undertaken. These are: (1) Safeguard Measures (Articles 2.1 and 4.2(a) and (b) of the Agreement on Safeguards ); (2) Anti-Dumping measures (Articles 3.1 and 3.5 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement ); (3) Countervailing Duties (Article 15.5 of the Subsidies and Countervailing Measures Agreement (SCM Agreement)); (4) Serious prejudice (Articles 5(c) and 6.3 of the SCM Agreement); (5) the relationship between a measure and its policy objective (Article XX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and Article XIV of the General Agreement on Trade in Services ); and (6) the relationship between a responding Member's failure to comply with a DSB ruling and the complainant Member's level of nullification and impairment (Articles 22.6 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes and 4.10 of the SCM Agreement). This thesis will first examine the current approach in the jurisprudence to analysing causation and non-attribution in these parts of the law of the WTO. To that end, it will suggest that there is a trend in the current jurisprudence to attempt to make an a priori inference about the effects of a cause from the nature of the cause itself. This thesis will suggest that this approach reflects a misconception of causation, and it will propose an alternative, three-part methodology for interrogating causation based on the use of econometric analysis, which has been developed from guidance given by the Appellate Body in US-Wheat Gluten.

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8

Chong, Wing-yi Elena, and 莊詠怡. "The impact of China's accession to the World Trade Organization on itstextile trade." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953426.

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9

Lucenti, Krista. "Essays on international trade: antidumping, competition, and trade facilitation." Berlin dissertation.de, 2006. http://d-nb.info/990430650/04.

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10

Tanaka, Yumiko. "The world trade organization and disputes over extraterritorial application : the effectiveness and function of the world trade organization dispute settlement body in international law." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32815.

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States have often applied their laws extraterritorially in order to force other states to comply with international interests such as human rights and environmental standards due to the absence of reliable enforcement and legislative bodies in international society. Many disputes caused by such extraterritorial application have been settled in dispute settlement procedures of the GATT and World Trade Organization (WTO). However, some argue that the WTO is not an appropriate forum to settle extraterritorial disputes since competence of the WTO is limited to "trade" issues and the legitimacy of extraterritorial measures should be assessed by applying all relevant international norms. This paper argues, by analyzing the nature of extraterritorial disputes and by comparing past approaches taken to extraterritorial disputes with the WTO procedures, that the WTO can provide effective solutions to extraterritorial disputes procedurally and substantially. This paper also argues that WTO can contribute to the development of the international legal system in the course of its resolution of extraterritorial disputes by examining state practices after the GATT/WTO dispute settlement.

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11

Mathis, James Haley. "Regional trade agreements in the GATT/WTO GATT article XXIV and the internal trade requirement /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2001. http://dare.uva.nl/document/60558.

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12

Zúñiga, Schroder Humberto. "The world trade organization and the environment: a brief insight." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123838.

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The environment preservation and protection is one of the objectives of the World Trade Organization, as stated in the Marrakech Agreement which set up such organization. Even though the WTO is not an environmental entity, environmental issues take part of its interests.In this article, the author analyzes the main rules and legal instruments generated within the World Trade Organization, including several multilateral agreements that impact and influence in the treatment of environmental issues.
La protección y preservación del medio ambiente constituye uno de los objetivos que promueve la Organización Mundial del Comercio, tal como se encuentra evidenciado en el Acuerdo de Marrakech por el cual fue conformada dicha institución. Pese a que la OMC no es una entidad ambientalista, el tema ambiental forma parte de sus intereses. En el presente artículo, el autor analiza las principales normas e instrumentos legales generados al interior de la Organización Mundial del Comercio, entre los que destacan diversos acuerdos multilaterales que repercuten e influyen en el tratamiento de las cuestiones medioambientales.

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13

Then, de Lammerskötter Rosario. "WTO und Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) : Artikel XXIV und die enabling clause im Lichte eines idealen Regulierungssystems /." Münster : LIT, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/387731849.pdf.

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14

Chong, Wing-yi Elena. "The impact of China's accession to the World Trade Organization on its textile trade." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://lib.hku.hk/hkspc/wto/index.htmlB25017974.

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15

Shin, Soonjae. "Kyoto-Protokoll, internationaler Handel und WTO-Handelssystem neue politische Ökonomie der Interaktionen zwischen Klima- und Handelspolitik /." kostenfrei kostenfrei kostenfrei kostenfrei, 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971359539.

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16

Eggers, Barbara. "The precautionary principle in WTO law." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://www.sub.uni-hamburg.de/disse/451/Disse.pdf.

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17

Schmodde, Nina. "Das Konsultationsverfahren im Streitbeilegungssystem der WTO." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965214095.

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18

Neugärtner, Ilka. "Die actio popularis in der WTO Überlegungen zur Zulässigkeit einer actio popularis, der Kollektivierung des Durchsetzungsmechanismus und der Einführung einer Aufsichtsklage /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965588009.

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19

Memmen, Niels. "Implementierungsmöglichkeiten von Sozialstandards in die Welthandelsorganisation (WTO)." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970020104.

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20

Menasveta, Chamsai. "The WTO Director-General : the capacity for influence /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2005.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2005.
Submitted to the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Chair: Carsten Kowalczyk. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 269-278). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

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21

Thiele, Dominic. "Die australischen Marktzugangsbedingungen und ihre Vereinbarkeit mit Welthandelsrecht /." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014725112&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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22

Graham, Jezreel Jason. "The cyberface of global governance WTO discourse and the management of globalization /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2008/j_graham_091808.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, December 2008.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 31, 2008). "The Edward R. Murrow College of Communication." Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-164).

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23

Kim, Dong-Jin Dan. "The political economy of trade and development in the multilateral trading system : the World Trade Organisation's Aid for Trade agenda." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608191.

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24

Gu, Jing. "Between politics and law : China's approaches to trade disputes under the World Trade Organization framework." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431921.

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25

Hagedorn, Rosa. "Trade and sustainable development : using the World Trade Organization to more effectively protect the environment." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12668.

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Includes bibliographical references.
The Brundtland Report also defines sustainable development as “a process of change in which the use of resources, the directions of investments, the orientation of technological developments, and institutional change all enhance the potential to meet human needs both today and tomorrow.” This vague and broad definition relies on the notion that the world’s environment is a system where actions in one country can affect life on other continents. Examples of this include the 2010 Icelandic volcano eruption that affected air quality and travel in Europe, and the recent radiation detected in the United States after the earthquake and subsequent radiation leaks in Japan. The definition also implies that practically every aspect of our lives can have some effect, or can be relevant to, achieving a sustainable development goal. Most forms of production and consumption, key aspects of international trade, affect and can harm the environment. Thus, the issue is less about stopping these actions and more about making them less harmful to the environment and humankind. There will always be tension between forms of economic activity and environmental protection. However, trade is only one of many economic activities, and the WTO cannot be solely responsible for all aspects of the promotion of sustainable development and environmental protection. At its most general definition, international trade is the “economic interaction among different nations involving the exchange of goods and services.” It can lead to both economic growth and development. At its core, international trade involves the basic concept of supply and demand. Human needs and desires drive what will be in demand. This demand drives the need for a supply of that resource. Thus, the real question is what aspects of the current trading system, including the WTO, can be enhanced or changed to promote sustainable development. This paper aims to examine the relationship between the WTO and sustainable development. It further seeks to evaluate the ways in which the relationship has been successful and the ways in which it has been hindered. Finally, this paper looks to the future and suggests ways to enhance and change this relationship and more effectively protect the environment through the WTO.

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26

Hainsworth, Susan. "The World Trade Organization and the evolution of international economic law." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq27294.pdf.

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27

Martinez, Janet Kathryn Griffin 1951. "International dispute settlement system design : analysis of the World Trade Organization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28786.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 237-241).
The dispute settlement process established by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994, (the "DSU"), has drawn widespread attention. While the DSU is the most used international dispute settlement process, it is geared to resolving complaints by one country against another concerning enforcement of the WTO rules and obligations. This research has examined the WTO in two dimensions: first, how does the DSU fit within a larger system of processes for resolving policy making and implementation, as well as enforcement disputes. Secondly, how do those processes measure up to the characteristics of effective dispute resolution. In answer to the first question, I have categorized policy disputes into three orders: first-order disputes in policymaking, second-order disputes in policy implementation, and third-order disputes in policy enforcement. The same issues, e.g., agricultural subsidies or intellectual property, emerge in all three dispute orders. First-order disputes are resolved by all WTO members through consensus-based negotiation. The negotiation experience of the last four multilateral trade negotiations--the Kennedy Round, the Tokyo Round, the Uruguay Round and the pending Doha Round--are assessed. Second-order disputes are considered by all WTO members through operating committees and the Trade Policy Review Mechanism. Third-order disputes are resolved through the DSU; 304 cases were submitted from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2003. More effective dispute resolution processes tend to exhibit a number of characteristics: they involve lower transactions costs in terms of economics, time, bureaucracy, diplomacy and opportunity; parties are satisfied with the outcome and the process; relationships among the affected parties
(cont.) are not damaged; and recurrence of the problem among the same and other parties is minimized. This research suggests that the three dispute orders be considered as an integrated system of dispute settlement. In doing so, the WTO--and other international institutions--can achieve more effective resolution of policy problems by taking advantage of the relative strengths available through each dispute order settlement process.
by Janet Kathryn Griffin Martinez.
Ph.D.

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28

Dhlamini, Phumelele Tracy. "The World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body crisis: A critical analysis." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33713.

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The World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement system is facing unprecedented challenges, following the United States (US) decision to block the appointment of all Appellate Body members. The US has justified its blocking tactic, already implemented since 2017 by raising several procedural and substantive concerns with the Appellate Body's failure to follow WTO rules. On 10 December 2019, the Appellate Body was forced to suspend its activities after the second terms of two of the remaining three members expired. While the WTO dispute settlement system continues to function at the panel stage, the Appellate Body is currently unable to review appeals because it lacks the minimum number of three members required to establish a division. In addition, the collapse of the Appellate Body means that any party to a dispute can block the adoption of a panel report by filing a notice to appeal which is likely to remain in limbo for an indefinite period. Numerous studies have discussed the Appellate Body crisis and its implications for the WTO dispute settlement system. Few, however, have critically analysed the validity of the concerns that the US has raised about the Appellate Body's work over the past few years. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to discuss and critically analyse these concerns to determine whether the Appellate Body has indeed strayed from its limited mandate. In addition, the research will provide recommendations on how to save the appellate stage and ensure that appeals are resolved while WTO members attempt to find permanent solutions to this unprecedented crisis.

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29

Hinderer, Hermann Ali. "Rechtsschutz von Unternehmen in der WTO /." Berlin : BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/393453693.pdf.

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30

Flasbarth, Axel. "Die Integration von Kernarbeitsstandards in die Welthandelsorganisation /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/373233272.pdf.

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31

Wullschleger, Beatrix. "Analysieren Sie den WTO-Streitfall "DS 267 - United States Subsidies on Upland Cotton" mit Blick auf seine Auswirkungen auf die Interpretation des Agrarabkommens und die laufende Doha-Runde /." St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01655398002/$FILE/01655398002.pdf.

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32

Ebner, Timm. "Streitbeilegung im Welthandelsrecht : Massnahmen zur Vermeidung von Jurisdiktionskonflikten /." Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=013373289&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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33

Shan, Wenhua. "The legal framework of EU-China investment relations : a critical appraisal /." Oxford [u.a.] : Hart, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/483331600.pdf.

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34

Carruth, Allison. "Global appetites : literary form and food politics from world war I to the world trade organization /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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35

Eagleton-Pierce, Matthew. "Uncovering Symbolic Power Power Analysis, Southern Countries, and the world Trade Organization." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503987.

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36

Al-Jaghbeer, Ahmad Musa. "Jordan and the World Trade Organization (WTO) : the impact beyond the border." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436243.

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37

Rolland, Sonia Elise. "What legal framework for the development dimension at the World Trade Organization?" Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611705.

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38

Al-Qahtani, Mohammed. "Qatar's membership of the World Trade Organization : what are the economic benefits?" Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1956/.

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In 1993 Qatar became a contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and in 1996 became an official member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). By being a member of the GATT/WTO, Qatar must abide by the rules and the regulations of this organization. The aim of the research is to determine the extent to which Qatar's economic policies and its trading activities have been influenced by the WTO regulations. The research assesses the economic performance of WTO membership for Qatar, with a specific focus on the energy sector with its three components of oil, gas, and petrochemicals that constitute the bulk of Qatar's exports. Qatar's imports come from diverse sources, and its WTO membership implies there is no discrimination in favour of particular suppliers, apart from those based in its GCC trading partners.

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39

Greyling, Minette Ilse. "The World Trade Organisation : international trade, dispute settlement & the environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53695.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The norms governing international trade on the one hand, and sustainable development on the other, have both different origins and objectives. This is the central problem that will be addressed in this research assignment, by analysing the structure, functioning and future of the World Trade Organisation Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM). Though there has been a significant shift from politics to legality, the dispute settlement system is still far from perfect. When looking at recent environmental trade disputes, the stress placed on the system is revealed. •• The focus is on the impact of environmental disputes on the nature and functioning of the DSM, and how these disputes have contributed to the development of international trade law, and the concept of sustainable development. These will all contribute to a greater understanding of the interaction of the World Trade Organisation and the multilateral trading system, and the future role the WTO should play on the agenda for sustainable development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die norme wat enersyds internasionale handel, en andersyds volhoubare ontwikkeling beheer, het uiteenlopende oorspronge en doelstellings. Hierdie is die sentrale probleem wat deur hierdie navorsingsverslag aangespreek word, te wete deur die struktuur, funksionering en toekoms van die Wereldhandelsorganisasie (WHO) Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) te analiseer. Hierdie dispuutskikkingstelsel is nog steeds nie volmaak nie, ten spyte daarvan dat daar reeds 'n betekenisvolle verskuiwing van politiek tot wetlikheid plaasgevind het. As daar na onlangse omgewingshandelsdispute gekyk word, kom die druk wat op die stelsel geplaas word, duidelik na vore. Die fokus word dus met hierdie navorsingsverslag geplaas op die impak wat omgewingsdispute op die aard en funksionering van die DSM het, en hoe die dispute bygedra het tot die ontwikkeling van internasional handelswette asook op die konsep van volhoubare ontwikkeling. Hierdie fokus behoort by te dra tot 'n groter begrip tot die interaksie tussen die Wereldhandelsorganisasie (WHO) en die multilaterale handelstelsels, asook op die toekomstige rol wat die WHO behoort te speel met betrekking tot die agenda vir volhoubare ontwikkeling.

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40

Lanoszka, Anna. "The World Trade Organization (WTO) and the accession process testing the implementation of the multilateral trade agreements /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ66634.pdf.

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41

Lucenti, Krista. "Essays on international trade : antidumping, competition and trade facilitation /." Berlin : Dissertation.de, 2008. http://www.dissertation.de/buch.php3?buch=5632.

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42

Ndoni, Erebi Doreen. "International trade in oil and the World Trade Organization : towards the resolution of the producer-consumer dilemma." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2016. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/b2bf5faf-92b7-4f08-8d27-325eadabfc92.

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Restrictions on the production of oil practiced by oil exporting countries under the auspices of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) has been the subject of contentions and debates over time. One of the dimensions of this discourse is in relation to the possible violation of the obligations stipulated by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) by members of OPEC who are also members of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This research examines the issues arising therein as production restrictions and quantitative restrictions are analysed. It considers whether these production restrictions on oil qualifies as quantitative restrictions prohibited by Article XI of the GATT 1994 and as such whether oil exporting members of the WTO are in violation of the provisions of the GATT. The question hinges upon the classification of production restrictions, whether it falls under the same category as quantitative restrictions. This is based on the premise that the language employed in the regulations prohibits measures relating to the importation and exportation of goods; which leads this research to ascertain if production restrictions affect oil ready for importation or exportation. The concept of sovereigntyis intertwined in this discourse as oil exporting countries raise this as a defence, quoting the exclusive right to exploit their resources devoid of external influence or pressure. Membership of an international organization on the other hand indicates that a measure of sovereignty has been transferred through consent in becoming part of the organization and this inputs a level of responsibility and to an extent dictates certain expectations. For OPEC member countries that are also members of the WTO this expectation is not clear-cut as no mention is specifically made to oil resources in the text of the WTO regulations. Presumptions abound on the rationale for this perceived exclusion. From the notion that a ‘Gentleman’s Agreement’ was reached by the initial contracting parties of the Trade Organization to the perception that oil exploration and trade at that time was in the domain of the western world while the majority of the current exporters were colonies and as such did not have a say in trade discussions relating to the exploration of their natural resource. Moreover the peculiarities of this commodity inversely positions it in the international trade regime as it is devoid of the market access challenge which the international organization on trade set out to overcome through its furtherance on trade liberalization. No doubt the bias for import restrictions as against export restrictions by the organization based on the prevailing circumstances during its establishment makesloopholes in the strict interpretation of the provisions that border on export restrictions inevitable. This study therefore strives to analyse these surrounding issues and goes further to consider the relationship between oil exporting countries and their importing counterparts as it argues that the contention on production restrictions and quantitative restrictions transcend the interpretation of the provisions that are in contention. This is based on the notion that the relationship between members of an international organization is the pivot that determines the functionality of the regulations binding members. Thus where a viable relationship thrives, the operations of the organization will be at its peak and the interpretation and application of the letters of the regulations will not be in contention ‘stricto sensu’. This is the rationale behind the proposition by this study that theories of international relations especially that of liberalism is key in understanding and improving the relationship between oil exporting and importing countries. This work advocates that this is achievable under the auspices of the WTO based on its formidable qualities.

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Zheng, Linlin. "Transitional product-specific safeguard mechanism in the WTO legal framework an analysis of its terms and application /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41290501.

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Linlin, Zheng. "Transitional product-specific safeguard mechanism in the WTO legal framework : an analysis of its terms and application /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40961199.

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Krogias, Maria. "Regulative Politik im Spannungsfeld von Globalisierung und Regionalisierung: EU, NAFTA und WTO eine empirische Analyse der Regelsetzung im Telekommunikationssektor /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=973515198.

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Krystofiak, Julia. "WTO und Telekommunikation /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2008. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-3458-2.htm.

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Nischalke, Tobias Ingo. "Theories of international cooperation and the GATT/WTO regime: beyond the dichotomy of rational and cognitive approaches." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003027.

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This thesis aspires to assess the explanatory value of different theories of international cooperation for the case of the world trade regime of GATT/WTO and subsequently strives to reach a satisfactory interpretation of the instance of cooperation. The world trade regime embarked on a process of transformation with the signing of the Marrakech Agreements of 15th April 1994. The event marked the conclusion of the Uruguay Round and, with the establishment of the WTO, the beginning of a new era for the world trade regime. The thesis endeavours to establish the substance of the regime change from GATT to the WTO. It outlines the most significant provisions of the agreement of the Uruguay Round and, subsequently, analyses the change on the level of regime norms underlying the world trade regime. The analysis of regime norms yields insights about the essence of the regime transformation and as to what factors proved to be conducive to cooperation in the sphere of the world trade. The GATT/WTO regime with its extended scope and more sophisticated institutional structures can be regarded as a prime example of successful cooperation. However, the prospects for cooperation between states in an anarchic environment without central authority for enforcement are the subject of a remarkably intense scholarly debate. Therefore it is worthwhile to examine which theoretical framework proves to be most adept at elucidating the circumstances of this instance of cooperation. This thesis applies different theories of international cooperation to the case of the GATT/WTO regime. While a large array of rational theories attempts to explain cooperation from a perspective which focuses on interests and capabilities, a different strand of theories, that of cognitive approaches, emphasizes the paramountcy of ideas and beliefs as variables which explain cooperation. They endogenize the process of interest formation. This thesis seeks to synthesise the strong points of rational and cognitive approaches and thus to reconcile the divergent schools of thought. Its further purpose is to set out factors which are conducive to cooperation.

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Fraser, Véronique. "The Legitimacy of the World Trade Organization Rulemaking Processes: A Case Studies Analysis." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32949.

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In the last decade, World Trade Organization (WTO) Members have paid little attention to the WTO rulemaking processes and their functioning. Two high-levels commissions, as well as some scholars, have identified several areas of concerns with respect to the WTO rulemaking processes. Some of them have put forth proposals for their reform. However, the WTO has not proceeded with or even reflected upon any major reforms affecting the functioning of its rulemaking processes. The lack of attention by the Members regarding these issues motivated the focus of this thesis on the legitimacy of the WTO rulemaking processes. The principal research question of this thesis is: Are the WTO rulemaking processes legitimate? To what degree? Answering this first research question necessarily leads to a secondary one: How can the WTO rulemaking processes be assessed? This thesis recognizes that there is no uniform way for assessing legitimacy both at the national and international levels. It borrows from David Beetham's legitimacy conception and assesses the legitimacy of the WTO rulemaking processes from the standpoint of WTO Members. It builds a theoretical framework for assessing the legitimacy of the rulemaking processes on the basis of Members' conception of the WTO and the concepts of input and output legitimacy that have been frequently applied to the WTO and from which are derived four legitimacy criteria: legality, effectiveness, representativeness and openness. This thesis furthermore advances that legitimacy can only be effectively assessed as a matter of degree and, therefore, develops a multidimensional interval scale to allow a precise measurement of the four criteria of legitimacy as applied to the WTO rulemaking processes. In order to assess the rulemaking processes, it uses three cases that have led to the adoption of new rules or agreements. In fact, legitimacy matters even more for the processes that led to actual rules due to the fact that they generate binding outcomes. Such a methodology based on case studies arguably provides a more accurate representation of the WTO rulemaking processes than the general processes that have been described in the secondary literature.

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Gundani, Melissa Memory. "The role of the World Trade Organization in the international anti-corruption movement." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15180.

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Corruption adversely affects various aspects of economic activity, including international trade. As corruption affects international trade in a number of ways, various countries and international organisations have made co-ordinated efforts to effectively control corruption in general and in the context of international trade. Despite the World Trade Organization's role as a body for making and enforcing international trade rules, it has not actively participated in the fight against corruption in the trade arena. This paper explores why the World Trade Organization has made no anti-corruption initiatives and provides a review of the current role that is played by the organization in the international anti-corruption movement, through its existing framework. The study also includes a review of the different instruments put in place by other organisations and countries that have actively participated in combating corruption in international trade, and whether the World Trade Organization should follow-suit.

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McClain, Lauren. "Explaining the Relationship Between the World Trade Organization and Women's Rights, 1981-2010." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/17913.

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There is general agreement that the General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization (GATT/WTO) has increased the volume and the ease of flow of international trade and, by way of comparison, sparked considerable debate regarding the effects of membership in the GATT/WTO on women's rights. Normatively, this is an important question. How does the increasing and pervasive reality of openness and increasing trade affect the lives and opportunities of women? Using three original theories and the results of four fixed-effects models, I find that membership in this institution has no significant effect on women's rights. My conclusion is that membership and the subsequent effects on international trade result in very mixed outcomes for women.

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