Relevant bibliographies by topics / World Conservation Strategy

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'World Conservation Strategy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "World Conservation Strategy"

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Berry, R. "The World Conservation Strategy and Beyond." Modern Churchman 32, no. 2 (January 1990): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/mc.32.2.27.

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Munro, David A. "Successor to the World Conservation Strategy." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 3 (1989): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900009498.

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Selman, P. H. "Responding to the World Conservation Strategy." Environmentalist 5, no. 4 (December 1985): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02240321.

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McCormick, J. "The Origins of the World Conservation Strategy." Environmental History Review 10, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3984544.

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Usher, Michael B. "Review Article: Modernizing the World Conservation Strategy." Environmental Conservation 19, no. 1 (1992): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900030253.

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Poulios, Ioannis. "Discussing strategy in heritage conservation." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 4, no. 1 (May 13, 2014): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-10-2012-0048.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the concept of strategy in the field of heritage conservation, with a focus on a new conservation approach that promotes the empowerment of local communities and sustainable development: a living heritage approach. Design/methodology/approach – The approaches to heritage conservation are outlined: a material-based approach defines the principles of western-based conservation, a values-based approach expands these principles, while a living heritage approach clearly challenges the established principles. These approaches are, then, analysed from the perspective of strategy, and a living heritage approach is seen as an example of strategic innovation. The process by which ICCROM develops a living heritage approach at an international level is also examined. Findings – Choosing the “appropriate” conservation approach depends on the specific conditions of each heritage place. Yet, for the cases of living heritage in particular (with communities with an original connection with heritage) a living heritage approach would be more preferable. Living heritage approach can be seen as an example of a strategic innovation in the field of heritage conservation: it proposes a different concept of heritage and conservation (a new WHAT), points at a different community group as responsible for the definition and protection of heritage (a new WHO), and proposes a different way of heritage protection (a new HOW). Practical implications – A living heritage approach (presented in the paper) may potentially influence the theory as well as the practice of heritage conservation in a variety of parts and heritage places in the world, especially in terms of the attitude towards local and indigenous communities. Originality/value – Developing a new approach is, in a sense, developing a new strategy. In this context, the paper aims at bringing the insight of business strategy into the field of heritage conservation.
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Steiner, Frederick R. "SUSTAINING TOMORROW: A STRATEGY FOR WORLD CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT." Landscape Journal 5, no. 2 (1986): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/lj.5.2.151.

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Wheater, Roger. "World Zoo Conservation Strategy: a blueprint for zoo development." Biodiversity and Conservation 4, no. 6 (August 1995): 544–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00222513.

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Dean, John F. "World View of Book Conservation." Collection Management 31, no. 1-2 (August 30, 2007): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j105v31n01_10.

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Pollard, D. F. W. "The World Conservation Strategy and the Forest Sector in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 63, no. 5 (October 1, 1987): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc63365-5.

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The objectives of the World Conservation Strategy (WCS) and the priority requirements and actions to achieve these objectives are examined from the viewpoint of forestry in Canada, together with an overview of recent events in the implementation of the WCS. Canada supported development and endorsed the WCS in 1981. The federal government has taken a number of initiatives, including one specifically concerning forestry, following a review of its activities. Conservation strategies are under consideration or in preparation in most of the provinces and territories. Modern forestry concepts and practice are contributing effectively to the WCS, and foresters are urged to further its implementation in Canada by assisting the development of, and endorsing, where appropriate, the emerging provincial and territorial conservation strategies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "World Conservation Strategy"

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Brown, W. S., and n/a. "A conservation framework for Australian development assistance projects." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1986. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060615.154934.

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1. It is now generally accepted that conservation is an important consideration for developing countries. (l. 1 & 1.2) 2. This has been made clear in the World Conservation Strategy, published in 1980, which sets out the essential link between conservation and development. Three conservation objectives are identified: - Maintenance of essential ecological processes - Preservation of genetic diversity - Ensuring sustainable utilisation of species and ecosystems (1.3) 3. Foreign aid donors have recognised the importance of conservation considerations in their aid programs. The World Bank has had an environmental program since 1970 and USAID since 1975. The emphasis has shifted from the environmental impact of projects towards projects intended to bring conservation benefits. Interest has recently been directed toward biological diversity and wildlands. (1.4) 4. Although Australia has significant expertise in conservation, only in the last couple of years has interest in the conservation aspects of Australia's development assistance program been expressed. Australian support for the World conservation Strategy indicates that conservation concerns should be included in the aid program. (1.5) 5. Conservation and environmental assessment should be an integral part of the processes of project appraisal and evaluation. The techniques used in appraisal and evaluation such as the logical framework and cost benefit analysis can be linked to environmental assessment, (chapter 2) 6. Many environmental guidelines are available, however these should not be used directly for project appraisal and evaluation but rather to assist in the preparation of project specific terms of reference. (2.6) The intensification of some farming systems damages the ecological processes on which they depend and hence reduces productivity. Other farming systems can be intensified without ecological damage. The challenge is to ensure that when farming is to be intensified it can be done without adverse ecological consequences. (3.1, 3.2) 8. Constraints on the adoption of sustainable farming systems include the perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of the society affected, economic limitations and problems of land tenure. (3.3) 9. Foreign aid donors can make a contribution towards establishing sustainable farming systems but past project designs have often not been well suited to conservation. (3.4) 10. Projects can be developed with conservation goals which will conserve the land, improve subsistence farming and assist with economic production. There are three stages in these projects: - Identify the causes of land degradation and the constraints to countering them. - Develop and demonstrate appropriate farming systems - Extension (3.5) 11. A project is likely to have a greater impact if it leads to the adoption of appropriate conservation techniques over a region than if it intensively improves a restricted project area. A project must therefore seek to develop techniques which will be adopted without subsidy. (3.4, 3.5) 12. The Australian projects in northern Thailand have successfully demonstrated farming systems which would reduce erosion but these have yet to be adopted on a significant scale by the population in the region. (4.2) 13. The NTT Livestock Development Project in Timor has not yet had sufficient time to demonstrate suitable farming systems but it is expected that such systems can be developed. (4.3) 14. In Sikka, Flores, Indonesia, the widespread planting of contour hedgerows of leucaena has brought substantial conservation benefits. The key factors in the adoption of this practice appear to have been that the technique was readily undertaken by fanners, it increases crop yields and that there was strong support from the local administration. (4.3) 15. It should be possible to introduce conservation farming systems to a region in a period of about ten years. If success is to be achieved it is essential that practices be capable of being adopted without subsidy, that the introduction get strong support from the local administration and that there be a vigorous extension campaign. 16. It is recommended that: - Australia should have an explicit policy on conservation and development assistance based on our commitment to the World Conservation Strategy. (5.l) - ADAB should have its focus of conservation within the appraisals and evaluations area.(5.2) ADAB should incorporate conservation considerations throughout the project cycle. (5.3) - The cost benefit guidelines provided by ADAB should be amended to include conservation considerations. (5.4) - ADAB should support and encourage conservation projects and should seek to develop projects which will have a conservation impact throughout the relevant region. (5.5) - ADAB should cooperate with other agencies in its activities on conservation and development. In particular we should play an active role in OECD activities relating to environment and development. (5.6)
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NETO, BRAZ DA COSTA BARACUHY. "KISSINGERNULLS TRIANGULAR DIPLOMACY A CONSERVATIVE STRATEGY IN A REVOLUTIONARY WORLD." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2000. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=2642@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O objetivo desta tese é analisar a perspectiva intelectual de Henry Kissinger sobre as relações internacionais - os fundamentos de sua filosofia da grande estratégia internacional - e a articulação dessa perspectiva com um caso central de sua prática diplomática: a formação do triângulo estratégico entre os EUA, a China e a URSS.
This thesis is an analysis of Henry Kissinger s intellectual outlook on international relations - the roots of his philosophy of international grand strategy - and its connection to a central case in his diplomatic practice: the designing of a strategic triangle between the USA, China, and the USSR.
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Vakhitova, Tatiana Vadimovna. "Enhancing cultural heritage in an impact assessment process : analysis of experiences from the UK World Heritage sites." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275526.

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This three-year PhD study looks at heritage performance in impact assessment (IA) practices, analysing the urban planning context and management experiences of selected urban World Heritage (WH) sites in the UK. The research develops recommendations for assessing the impact of plans, programmes and projects on heritage values in culturally significant urban areas with the emphasis on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of large-scale projects in an urban environment. The research analyses theoretical and empirical approaches to heritage management, investigates methodologies for heritage IA and explores opportunities for and barriers to improved heritage IA in the context of current UK policy. In particular, the research contributes with the conceptual framework of identification, interpretation and management of the cultural heritage in the urban planning system. The review of academic and other relevant literature helped to develop the conceptual framework. The data was collected by means of desk-based documents analysis, case studies, focus-group seminars and an on-line Questionnaire with the experts in the heritage and IA fields. The world’s most well-known and arguably most protected sites with officially identified Outstanding Universal Value – WH sites – provide general lessons for the heritage management and IA of new developments and infrastructure projects. The management of UK WH sites could be said to have the features of what is known as a values-based approach to conservation. This approach emphasises the identification of cultural heritage significance with the early participation of different stakeholders in the planning process; the latter has a scope for improvement in the UK context. Research on the boundaries of the heritage and IA fields leads to an improved understanding of cultural heritage and provides a framework for the IA process. The developed framework and the criteria for an enabling environment could be useful for achieving agreement between the different stakeholders, and could allow a smoother planning decision-making process, leading in turn to a reduced need for monitoring from international bodies. The results are useful for planners and developers in the context of western practice, and could also be relevant to the development of international guidelines.
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"Kissinger's triangular diplomacy a conservative strategy in a revolutionary world." Tese, MAXWELL, 2000. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=2642:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.

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Books on the topic "World Conservation Strategy"

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Pollard, D. F. W. World conservation strategy, Canada: A report on achievements in conservation. Ottawa: Conservation and Protection, Environment Canada, 1986.

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Ruth, McKechnie, and Pollard D. F. W, eds. World conservation strategy--Canada/ by D.F.W. Pollard and M.R. McKechnie. Ottawa: Environment Canada., 1986.

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Cosijn, R. An analysis of key terms of the world conservation strategy. Amsterdam, Nederland: Netherlands Commission for International Nature Protection, 1986.

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Berkmüller, Klaus. World conservation strategy: A programme for youth manual for youth environmental projects. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1986.

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Global Strategy Meeting (1st 1995 Harare, Zimbabwe). African cultural heritage and the World Heritage Convention: First Global Strategy Meeting, Harare (11-13 October 1995). [Harare]: National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, 1995.

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Hanks, John. Human populations and the world conservation strategy: Report from the Working Group on Population and Natural Resourcesof the IUCN Commission on Ecology in cooperation with the International Planned Parenthood Federation. Gland [Switzerland]: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, 1987.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. Fisheries management: Core principles and a strategic approach would enhance stakeholder participation in developing quota-based programs : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2006.

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Sang-in, Chŏn, ed. Hanʼguk hyŏndaesa: Chinsil kwa haesŏk. Kyŏnggi-do Pʻaju-si: Nanam Chʻulpʻan, 2005.

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Monroe, Martha C., and Klaus Berkmuller. World Conservation Strategy - A Programme for Youth (Education, Training & Awareness Series). Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature et de ses Ressources,Switzerland, 1986.

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Great Britain. Department of the Environment., ed. Conservation & development: The British approach : the United Kingdom Government's response to the world conservation strategy. [London]: Department of the Environment, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "World Conservation Strategy"

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Ledesma, María Isabel Mora. "Transhumance: Sustainable Strategy for Human and Ecological Conservation." In World Sustainability Series, 485–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70560-6_31.

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Nakamura, Yasuhiro. "Conservation of butterflies in Japan: status, actions and strategy." In Lepidoptera Conservation in a Changing World, 85–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1442-7_10.

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Fitzgerald, John, Dominick A. DellaSala, Jeff McNeely, and Ed Grumbine. "A Global Strategy for Rainforests in the Era of Climate Change." In Temperate and Boreal Rainforests of the World: Ecology and Conservation, 260–74. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-008-8_11.

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Quintero-Ángel, Mauricio, Andrés Quintero-Ángel, Diana M. Mendoza-Salazar, and Sebastian Orjuela-Salazar. "Traditional Landscape Appropriation of Afro-Descendants and Collective Titling in the Colombian Pacific Region: Lessons for Transformative Change." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 175–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_10.

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AbstractThe Colombian Pacific region is one of the most biodiverse areas in the world, but several anthropic pressures threaten its ecosystems and the ethnic groups who live there. Since the colonial era, the region has experienced two different key strategies of landscape appropriation: (1) diversification of activities in the landscape; and (2) specialisation focusing on a few landscape products. These two strategies fall at opposite ends of a modified continuum over time, including a range of intermediate situations that combine elements of the diversified and specialised strategies. The first strategy is characteristic of Afro-descendant communities, based on harmony with nature and favoring human well-being, while providing multiple ecosystem services and cultural or spiritual values.In this context, this chapter reviews the relationship of Afro-descendants with their environment in the Colombian Pacific region, taking as an example the San Marcos locality. Through interviews with key informants and participant observation, we investigate the productive and extractive practices in San Marcos. Results show that the appropriation strategy combines different sources of income. This denotes a great local ecological knowledge geared to maintenance of biodiversity. Despite Law 70 (1993) stipulating Afro-descendant communities to have guaranteed autonomy and the right to collectively manage their ancestral lands, this socio-ecological production landscape is endangered due to pressures from the dominant society towards conversion to a specialised strategy. Finally, we also analyse “transformative change” in the context of governance of San Marcos. Such change could guide a profound transformation in conservation strategies based on a fundamental reorientation of human values.
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Barborak, James R., and Gina C. Green. "Implementing the World Conservation Strategy: Success Stories from Central America and Colombia." In Sustainable Resource Development in the Third World, 139–49. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429308079-11.

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Ayorekire, Jim, Francis Mugizi, Joseph Obua, and Grace Ampaire. "Community-Based Tourism and Local People's Perceptions Towards Conservation." In Prospects and Challenges of Community-Based Tourism and Changing Demographics, 56–82. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7335-8.ch003.

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Uganda is among the most bio-diverse countries and a competitive wildlife-based tourism destination in the world. Community-based tourism approach has been adopted in the country's conservation areas as a strategy to ensure that local communities benefit and support wildlife conservation. This chapter analyses local communities' perceptions of conservation and the benefits they get from tourism in Queen Elizabeth Conservation Area. The study reveals that local communities were concerned about loss of protected resources and support their conservation irrespective of the benefits they get from tourism in the conservation area. There is need to design conservation programmes that focus on local community-conservation-benefits nexus which take into consideration the perceived conservation values, strategies for benefit sharing and incorporation of indigenous knowledge systems.
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Benchettouh, Ahmed, Sihem Jebari, and Lakhdar Kouri. "Spatial Estimation of Soil Erosion Risk Using RUSLE/GIS Techniques and Practices Conservation Suggested for Reducing Soil Erosion in Wadi Mina Catchment (Northwest, Algeria)." In Soil Erosion - Current Challenges and Future Perspectives in a Changing World. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96190.

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To meet the pressing water needs in Algeria, the state has put in place a strategy consisting of the creation of hydraulic infrastructure for the mobilization of surface water resources. In fact, 74 dams are currently in operation; these structures are silting up at a rapid pace, generating an estimated annual loss of 45 million m3. Sidi Mhamed Benaouda dam located in the Oranian hill, with a water capacity of respectively 241 million m3 plays a crucial economic role in this region. The protection of this dam against erosive processes is a pressing economic goal. To do this, the RUSLE/GIS approach was used to map the erosive hazard. The results obtained in the Mina catchment, following a subdivision of 1315 homogeneous land parcels, show a total annual loss of 60 million tons/year with an average loss of 11.2 t/ha/year. About 50% of the catchment area was predicted to have very low to low erosion risk, with soil loss between 0 and 7.4 t/ha/year. Erosion risk is moderate over 13.9% of the catchment, where calculated soil loss is between 7.4 and 12 t/ha/year. Erosion risk is high to dangerous over 36.1% of the catchment, where calculated soil loss is more than 12 t/ha/year. According to this study, it appeared clearly that we must intervene quickly by using reliable and effective conservation techniques.
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van Schaik, Carel P., and Randall A. Kramer. "Toward a New Protection Paradigm." In Last Stand. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195095548.003.0014.

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During the past century, the standard measure for safeguarding the maintenance of biodiversity has been the establishment of protected areas in which consumptive uses by humans are minimized. Over the years, the design of protected areas has evolved from the creation of small refuges for particular species to the protection of entire ecosystems that are large enough to maintain most if not all their component species and that are mutually interconnected wherever possible. While many other, equally important, measures are now being contemplated and implemented (e.g., comprehensive land-use planning, sustainable development), protected areas remain the cornerstone of all conservation strategies aimed at limiting the inevitable reduction of this planet’s biodiversity (e.g., World Conservation Strategy, Caring for the Earth, Global Biodiversity Strategy). Existing protected rain forest areas suffer from an array of problems that reduce their effectiveness in a broad conservation strategy. They cover a scant 5 percent of tropical rain forest habitats (WCMC, 1992)— arguably not enough to forestall species extinction, especially since the proportions of areas protected vary appreciably from region to region. Protected areas are often not sited appropriately, and they are often too small to maintain the full diversity of their communities. They will in future be affected by external forces (Neumann and Machlis, 1989), such as changes in local climates caused by extensive deforestation, pollution, or fires emanating from outside; introduced exotic species; and global climate change, which in parts of the tropics will likely manifest itself as an increase in the frequency of long droughts. Fortunately, these existing and anticipated threats are being addressed in some countries and regions by measures such as integrated land-use planning, redesigning parks, and establishing corridors, although ecologists are concerned that not enough is being done (see chapter 3). These shortcomings of protected area networks are significant and need to be redressed, but human activities currently pose far more serious threats to protected areas.
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Bhowmik, Sudipto. "Ecological and Economic Importance of Wetlands and Their Vulnerability." In Current State and Future Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity, 95–112. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1226-5.ch006.

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Wetlands show a diversity of appearances like salt marshes, tidal wetlands, inland freshwater wetlands, riparian wetlands, peat lands, and many other types. Each of the types host diverse biotic communities of flora and fauna. This biodiversity changes according to the physical and chemical properties of wetlands, climate, and the geological location. This biodiversity regulates the local ecosystem, carbon sequestration, fuelwood supply, fishery-based industries, and on many other ecological and socioeconomic aspects. In addition, the wetlands have other ecological aspects like maintaining freshwater quality by sedimentation, nutrient conservation, etc. However, around the world, the wetlands are subjected to several types of threats like both anthropogenic and natural. This study is a short review work on some of the outcomes of the studies of researchers around the world to see the importance of different types of wetlands, the threats to them by anthropogenic or natural causes, and focus areas for management strategy development.
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Sen, Uday Kumar, and Ram Kumar Bhakat. "Role of Traditional Ethnobotanical Knowledge." In Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 58–80. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1320-0.ch004.

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In recent decades, species extinction has increased sharply. Most species in the world are discovered in tropical forests – covering more than 10% of the planet. Sustainable management and conservation efforts must include local communities and their traditional knowledge. The traditional use of forest resources, especially non-timber products such as medicinal plants, not only has deep roots in indigenous populations, but is also practiced in a broad segment of culture. Using medicinal herbs is often a costly alternative to modern medicine that is economically inevitable. This traditional use's basic knowledge is carried from one generation to the next. Medical use in particular reflects an extremely vibrant, ever-evolving process in which fresh knowledge is constantly acquired and connected to traditional methods. An instance from West Bengal's West Midnapore district in India is used to illustrate the impacts of an integrated strategy to preserving biodiversity and culture.
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Conference papers on the topic "World Conservation Strategy"

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Holdgate, Martin W. "The World Conservation Strategy As It Affects The Energy And Petroleum Industries." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/24950-ms.

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Leighty, William C., and John H. Holbrook. "Running the World on Renewables: Alternatives for Transmission and Low-Cost Firming Storage of Stranded Renewables as Hydrogen and Ammonia Fuels via Underground Pipelines." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87097.

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We must soon “run the world on renewables” but cannot, and should not try to, accomplish this entirely with electricity transmission. We need to supply all energy, not just electricity, from diverse renewable energy (RE) resources, both distributed and centralized, where the world’s richest RE resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. Electricity energy storage cannot affordably firm large, intermittent renewables at annual scale, while carbon-free gaseous hydrogen (GH2) and liquid anhydrous ammonia (NH3) fuels can: GH2 in large solution-mined salt caverns, NH3 in surface tanks, both pressurized and refrigerated. “Smart Grid” is emerging as primarily a DSM (demand side management) strategy to encourage energy conservation. Making the electricity grid “smarter” does not: 1. Increase physical transmission capacity; 2. Provide affordable annual-scale firming storage for RE; 3. Solve grid integration problem for large, time-varying RE; 4. Alleviate NIMBY objections to new transmission siting; 5. Reduce the high O&M costs of overhead electric lines. The “smarter” grid may be more vulnerable to cyberattack. Adding storage, control, and quality adjunct devices to the electricity grid, to accommodate very high renewables content, may be technically and economically inferior to GH2 and NH3 RE systems. Thus, we need to look beyond “smart grid”, expanding our concept of “transmission”, to synergistically and simultaneously solve the transmission, firming storage, and RE integration “balancing” problems now severely constraining our progress toward “running the world on renewables”.
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Leighty, William C., and John H. Holbrook. "Beyond Smart Grid: Alternatives for Transmission and Low-Cost Firming Storage of Stranded Renewables as Hydrogen and Ammonia Fuels via Underground Pipelines." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55267.

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We must soon “run the world on renewables” but cannot, and should not try to, accomplish this entirely with electricity transmission. We need to supply all energy, not just electricity, from diverse renewable energy (RE) resources, both distributed and centralized, where the world’s richest RE resources — of large geographic extent and high intensity — are stranded: far from end-users with inadequate or nonexistent gathering and transmission systems to deliver the energy. Electricity energy storage cannot affordably firm large, intermittent renewables at annual scale, while carbon-free gaseous hydrogen (GH2) and liquid anhydrous ammonia (NH3) fuels can: GH2 in large solution-mined salt caverns, NH3 in surface tanks, both pressurized and refrigerated. “Smart Grid” is emerging as primarily a DSM (demand side management) strategy to encourage energy conservation. Making the electricity grid “smarter” does not: 1. Increase physical transmission capacity; 2. Provide affordable annual-scale firming storage for RE; 3. Solve grid integration problem for large, time-varying RE; 4. Alleviate NIMBY objections to new transmission siting; 5. Reduce the high O&M costs of overhead electric lines. The “smarter” grid may be more vulnerable to cyberattack. Adding storage, control, and quality adjunct devices to the electricity grid, to accommodate very high renewables content, may be technically and economically inferior to GH2 and NH3 RE systems. Thus, we need to look beyond “smart grid”, expanding our concept of “transmission”, to synergistically and simultaneously solve the transmission, firming storage, and RE integration “balancing” problems now severely constraining our progress toward “running the world on renewables”.
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Blasutti, Ange`le, William Carpenter, Celeste Booth, and Peter J. Ewins. "Mapping Bio-Physical and Cultural Values in the Mackenzie Valley: Preparing a Balanced Development Package." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27314.

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For the past decade, World Wildlife Fund Canada has been at the leading edge of GIS mapping initiatives and gap analyses regarding the establishment of protected areas across Canada’s lands and waters. In the Northwest Territories (NWT), we have led an open, multi-stakeholder exercise this past year to compile and digitise all existing bio-physical and cultural information for the Mackenzie Valley and NWT to produce high-quality readily available GIS maps showing the regional distribution of these values. These data will be available to all interested stakeholders to highlight information gaps and to consider the placement of pipeline related developments. Furthermore, consistent with the NWT Protected Areas Strategy (PAS) [1], communities and other groups can use the information to assist in identifying areas of high natural and cultural value which should be reserved for protection as pipeline development plans and approvals are being made. Based on these data, a defensible network of protected areas representing the diversity of landform features in the Mackenzie Valley natural regions can be established to provide all parties with greater certainty and confidence as the development proceeds. This poster shows some key preliminary results from this mapping project, describes the various data layers and analytical techniques used, and highlights spatial examples where pipeline routing, associated infrastructure and conservation/protected areas in affected natural regions could all be achieved and widely supported.
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CIANI, Adriano, Asta RAUPELIENE, and Vilma TAMULIENE. "THE TERRITORIAL MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS AS INNOVATIVE NEW GOVERNANCE OF THE TERRITORY IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN UNION CLLD PROGRAMME AND ECOSYSTEM SERVICES POLICY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.248.

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In the world, the question of the good practice to manage of territory is a pillar of the implementations of Sustainable Development Goals 2015-2030. The authors are working in collaboration with a holistic approach at the topic. In this way, the Smart Communities and Smart Territories are the new paradigms in 21th Century to solve the question of the adaptation at the Climate Change and to guarantee, for the future generation, the conservation and promotion of all potentialities of each territory and identity of areas. Until now, they have use a deductive method to analyse and show, in the framework of the Sustainable Development, the Community Led Local Development (EU Programme for CLLD) and Ecosystem Services, the need to move from an emergency management approach to pre-emptive territory management. The results of this research have produced the original and autonomous configuration of a new and innovative strategy and governance based on a model that puts in synergy the three aspects of the framework that has been given the name of Territorial Management Contracts (TMC). The TMC, appear a possible shared and democratic model that could to combine the territory risk management with solutions of development driving and sharing by the local populations. This innovative approach is strictly linked with the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals 2015-2030 and the Europe 2020 (smart, sustainable and inclusive). The authors argue that the TMC model is now sufficiently mature to pass from the processing phase to that of the implementation that in the Payment of the Ecosystem Services (PES) finds a concrete reinforcement of the scientific analysis carried out.
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Bayrak, Alparslan Emrah, Christopher McComb, Jonathan Cagan, and Kenneth Kotovsky. "A Differential Game Approach to Dynamic Competitive Decisions Toward Human-Computer Collaboration." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97619.

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Abstract Partnership between humans and computers has a significant potential to extend the ability of humans to address complex design problems. This paper presents a decision-making process for computers to effectively collaborate with humans in the solution of complex problems under dynamic competition. In the proposed process, the computers learn strategies and objectives from prior experimental data and provide strategy suggestions to human collaborators. The study integrates clustering and sequential learning methods from machine learning with a differential game formulation based on model predictive control to find dynamic Nash equilibrium solutions to zero-sum games. The application of the proposed approach is demonstrated on the real-time strategy game Starcraft II that offers a dynamic competitive problem comparable in complexity to real-world applications. The results show that the proposed approach can successfully identify a variety of opening strategies in the experimental data for the initial phase of the process. The game-theoretic strategies in the later phases provide useful suggestions for low-performing players but are unnecessarily conservative for high-performing players where there is little opportunity for improvement. These results suggest a need for an assessment of the opponent expertise and a human intuition to judge the appropriateness of the game-theoretic suggestions for further improvement.
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Lockey, Aaron, Roland Palmer-Jones, Neil Jackson, and Roger Ellis. "Shallow Dents: Updates to the UKOPA Dent Management Strategy." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33576.

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Pipelines can be dented, but shallow dents with depths less than 2% of the pipe diameter have only recently begun to be reported reliably by high resolution in-line geometry inspections. Most thin-walled onshore pipelines around the world are found to contain these shallow dents, many on welds of unknown toughness, or subject to severe pressure cycling. Much of the existing guidance for dent management was published before such shallow dents were being reported, and did not necessarily consider them. Furthermore, recent failures in Canada have demonstrated that the existing guidance can be non-conservative when a shallow dent is combined with fatigue loading or other undetected damage. The United Kingdom Onshore Pipeline Operators Association (UKOPA) is developing a strategy for the management of dents to provide guidance to operators based on published best practice. The aim of the work is to ensure that dents now identified but not sized by MFL inspection tools are appropriately inspected, investigated, assessed and repaired. UKOPA’s methodology allows shallow dents to be screened and assessed without the requirement for numerous feature investigations. This management strategy is: Stage 1: Use previously published UKOPA guidance on the prioritization of dents. This involves following a series of flow charts, leading the operator from dent discovery, through decisions affecting assessment and possible repair. Stage 2: This Stage provides a series of criteria to indicate whether a weld is likely to be of sufficient toughness to withstand shallow denting, then gives a method to carry out an engineering assessment of a dent based on finite element analysis. This paper presents the background and justification of ‘Stage 2’, and updates ‘Stage 1’. It includes a review of recent published work covering dents on welds, including analytical studies, finite element analyses, testing and failures. The results of this work by UKOPA will form an input to the planned updates to the Pipeline Defect Assessment Manual (PDAM). The paper then applies the updated guidance to operational dent assessment problems provided by UKOPA members. Finally, an example of a dent assessment under the previous and updated guidance, including a finite element analysis, is given to illustrate how a shallow dent on a weld of unknown toughness may be re-categorized as not requiring repair.
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Race, Julia M., Jane V. Haswell, Robert Owen, and Barry Dalus. "UKOPA Dent Assessment Algorithms: A Strategy for Prioritising Pipeline Dents." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31588.

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As in-line inspection tools improve, dents that would have been below the detection and reporting levels of previous inspections are now being detected and reported to pipeline operators. Consequently, operators are being faced with large numbers of dents in ILI reports that require further consideration and are left with the problem of how to prioritize these dents for further investigation and repair. Although code guidance is clear on the relative severity of dents associated with other features or those based on a depth or strain criteria, this may still leave a significant number of dents in the pipeline which fall within codified static dent assessment criteria, but which may still pose a threat, particularly from fatigue. Many transmission pipelines in the UK are now 30–40 years old and fatigue failures at dent locations are starting to be reported. Such occurrences have raised technical concerns with regulators regarding the perceived conservatism of current dent assessment methods as the dents in question were within the code limits and were reported through standard ILI technologies, however, they were not identified as significant. There is therefore a requirement to develop best practice guidance for the safe and economic operation of dented pipelines. The UK Onshore Pipeline Association (UKOPA) recognized that further guidance was needed in order that operators could identify dents which can be safely left in the pipeline and those for which further excavation is required. They have consequently developed a series of algorithms to allow pipeline operators to prioritize the dents for repair based on ILI results. This paper describes the background research to these algorithms as well the algorithms themselves, demonstrating their use with ILI dent data from operators of onshore oil and gas pipelines. The paper concludes with comments on the current conservatisms in the analysis of dent fatigue and proposes a way forward to allow pipeline operators to manage large numbers of dents for which the dent fatigue life is critical.
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Ewins, Peter J. "Protected Areas and Pipelines in Canada: Balancing Natural Values With Development at the Landscape Level — The Conservation First Principle." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27276.

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“Sustainable Development” is now a widely accepted concept, yet there are surprisingly few concrete examples of it in practice. The pipeline industry operates at broad landscape and regional levels, and now has the opportunity to provide a strong lead in showcasing how society can benefit from major new energy pipelines while not significantly compromising natural and cultural values. To achieve this requires adoption of a fundamental proactive, ecosystem-based principle — the “Conservation First Principle”. In Canada this principle, first stated by Hummel [1], is that “there should be no new or expanded large-scale industrial development until a network of protected areas is reserved which adequately represents the natural region(s) affected by that development”. This approach is not new (e.g., the 1992 commitment by all levels of Canada’s governments to complete such protected areas networks), but it is more urgently needed now in an energy-rich frontier nation like Canada to truly safeguard our natural and cultural values while developing new energy corridors. It is a precautionary approach, akin to an insurance policy we would all be familiar with at a personal level. By identifying key natural habitats in each natural region (areas of similar bio-physical characteristics — there are 486 terrestrial natural regions in Canada), and using sophisticated GIS-based gap analysis, working with local communities, industry and governments, a network of protected areas can be identified and then reserved for legal protection. This network then adequately protects a representative sample of habitats, biodiversity and ecosystem processes in each natural region before or simultaneous with development proposals and approvals. The development of natural gas reserves in the Mackenzie Valley provides all stakeholders with a timely high-profile opportunity to showcase this balanced approach. The NWT’s Protected Areas Strategy provides the widely-supported community-led process to identify and then reserve key cultural and ecological areas in tandem with gas pipeline development. Investors, industry, governments, local communities and the general public all seek the greater certainty and security that such advance planning and balancing provides. The knowledge that certain key areas are off-limits to future development, and that other areas (the largest portion of each natural region) are assigned for sensitive industrial development, sets the stage for a more secure, stable future, in which all values are accommodated satisfactorily. In the push for greater energy security, the pipeline and oil and gas industry should now embrace the Conservation First Principle in energy developments across Canada’s lands and oceans, most immediately as it plans for a major gas pipeline in the Mackenzie Valley.
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Tinoco, Francisco, Kee Chien Ting, and Kishor Chavan. "The Use of Ensemble Forecast in Defining Offshore Installation Operability: A Case Study on Umbilical Shore Float-In Operations." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96137.

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Abstract To address the uncertainty in both the monitoring and the forecasting of the environmental conditions for offshore operations, DNV recommends the use of Alpha factors. These factors are defined for the environmental conditions in North Sea and the Norwegian Seas. Since no localised Alpha factors are available for regions outside of North Sea, these factors are conservatively applied everywhere in the world. In a region with benign weather characteristics such as the Mediterranean, this could be overly conservative for the selection of operational weather windows. A deterministic weather forecast is sufficient to assess weather risk for short term operations; nonetheless, uncertainties of longer term predicted weather should still need to be addressed. Shore float-in of umbilicals and cables requires a number of sequential activities with associated durations that build up to a total timeframe. This timeframe is beyond what can be accurately assessed using only deterministic weather forecasts. The operational activities are also very sensitive to tidal, current & sea-state variation; particularly associated with the use of personnel in the water like divers and waders for the removal of floats and the use of small crafts for control of the of the product alignment. The use of Ensemble Forecast which utilises probabilistic approach compared to the deterministic approach, addresses the uncertainty of long term weather forecasting and remove artificially added conservatism such as the Alpha factor. This forecast is derived from multiple simulations, each with minor variations of initial conditions and slightly modified weather models. Ensemble Forecast has been applied in offshore operation planning and execution in a project offshore Egypt in Mediterranean; particularly for a shore float-in of a main umbilical. It was used to define the main operational window, the start of the operation and weather risk beyond deterministic weather forecast. The use of the Ensemble Forecast for selection of overall weather window has been shown to optimise operability, reduce the risk of product being damaged, provide added confidence in the offshore operational safety for the personnel involved while minimising waiting on weather. The strategy of defining storm riding configuration for umbilical could enhanced overall operability. When the operational restrictions relating to limiting activities are anticipated to be surpassed but remains still within the storm riding sea-state, these activities could be safely halted and product held in place in stand-by mode until the weather conditions improved without affecting its integrity or overloading installation equipment.
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