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1
Hu, Bing, and Nicholas Mason. "Large scale analytics for workload segmentation." Journal of Management and Engineering Integration 16, no. 1 (June 2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.62704/10057/25984.
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As the complexity and size of workload landscapes continue to evolve, traditional tools that are useful for characterizing workloads have gradually become inadequate. Approaches such as scaling studies or isolated analyses of a single workload are gradually becoming insufficient to understand the broad state of the workload universe. To address this problem, we follow a machine learning methodology to leverage large numbers of workload experiments that already exist on Intel. We advanced a workload analysis platform that stores, manages, and facilitates the analysis of workload information using two big data analysis software tools, a top-down workload decision classifier and a workload universe mapping tool, to characterize large-scale workloads. Both analysis tools present a novel way to look at workload data from a higher level and consider these new characteristics at the workload segmentation level. We seek to achieve this goal in alignment with the strategic goals of developing new benchmarks, informing market sizing, and detecting emerging workloads.
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Raza, Zahid, and Nupur Jangu. "Workload Classification." International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering 12, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssoe.297135.
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Traditional cloud-only architecture faces the challenge of coexistence with the ever-increasing IoT devices and demands for the need of the hybrid cloud computing and fog/IoT architecture to realize better handling of workload/requests. Determining where the user-workload should be assigned depends on the workload itself, and thereby, the workload classification gains the pivotal role. This location and offloading decision to the right resource affects both users and the providers. This work describes various cloud-fog workloads and relates them to their suitable place of execution in such a hybrid environment. The workloads have been classified based on their different parameters and characteristics with the aim to identify appropriate resources for efficient resource provisioning. The workload classification and characterization promises a significant role in the resource management by efficient capacity planning, future resource requirement predictions, workload offloading and an improvement in the Quality of Service (QoS) leading to an improvement in the system performance.
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Malone, Shane, Mark Roe, Dominic A. Doran, Tim J. Gabbett, and Kieran D. Collins. "Protection Against Spikes in Workload With Aerobic Fitness and Playing Experience: The Role of the Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio on Injury Risk in Elite Gaelic Football." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 12, no. 3 (March 2017): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0090.
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Purpose:To examine the association between combined session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) workload measures and injury risk in elite Gaelic footballers.Methods:Thirty-seven elite Gaelic footballers (mean ± SD age 24.2 ± 2.9 y) from 1 elite squad were involved in a single-season study. Weekly workload (session RPE multiplied by duration) and all time-loss injuries (including subsequent-wk injuries) were recorded during the period. Rolling weekly sums and wk-to-wk changes in workload were measured, enabling the calculation of the acute:chronic workload ratio by dividing acute workload (ie, 1-weekly workload) by chronic workload (ie, rolling-average 4-weekly workload). Workload measures were then modeled against data for all injuries sustained using a logistic-regression model. Odds ratios (ORs) were reported against a reference group.Results:High 1-weekly workloads (≥2770 arbitrary units [AU], OR = 1.63–6.75) were associated with significantly higher risk of injury than in a low-training-load reference group (<1250 AU). When exposed to spikes in workload (acute:chronic workload ratio >1.5), players with 1 y experience had a higher risk of injury (OR = 2.22) and players with 2–3 (OR = 0.20) and 4–6 y (OR = 0.24) of experience had a lower risk of injury. Players with poorer aerobic fitness (estimated from a 1-km time trial) had a higher injury risk than those with higher aerobic fitness (OR = 1.50–2.50). An acute:chronic workload ratio of (≥2.0) demonstrated the greatest risk of injury.Conclusions:These findings highlight an increased risk of injury for elite Gaelic football players with high (>2.0) acute:chronic workload ratios and high weekly workloads. A high aerobic capacity and playing experience appears to offer injury protection against rapid changes in workload and high acute:chronic workload ratios. Moderate workloads, coupled with moderate to high changes in the acute:chronic workload ratio, appear to be protective for Gaelic football players.
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Simmons, Nadine C., and Suzanne S. Kuys. "Trial of an allied health workload allocation model." Australian Health Review 35, no. 2 (2011): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah09860.
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Allied health (AH) managers need to be able to quantify workloads to effectively manage the increasing demands on the health system. Workload allocation models provide a means of monitoring, evaluating and determining manageable workloads. This allows managers to ensure equitable distribution of duties and maximise the existing AH workforce output, which will lead to more efficient health service delivery and better patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop and trial an AH workload allocation model incorporating the National Allied Health Casemix Committee Health Activity Classification. A workload allocation model was developed that included a staff workload mapping tool, data analysis spreadsheet and guidelines for calculating procedure times. The model was trialled across three AH professions (occupational therapy, physiotherapy and speech pathology), in two hospital districts, and across inpatient, outpatient and community settings. A total of 30 participants completed the trial. Staff and managers completed a post-trial survey to provide feedback on the workload allocation model. Survey results indicated that staff and managers found the model useful for evaluating and quantifying workloads. Managers believed the model would be useful for preparing business cases and benchmarking staff workloads. Recommendations for improvements to the workload mapping tool were also identified. What is known about the topic? Workload allocation models have been identified as a valuable means of evaluating and managing AH workloads. Current models do not account for all tasks undertaken by AH clinicians or are applicable to only a specific AH discipline. There is a paucity of workload allocation models suitable for use across AH disciplines. What does this paper add? This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of an AH workload allocation model that incorporates the NAHCC Health Activity Classification that can be used across AH disciplines and work sites. What are the implications for practitioners? This new workload allocation model provides AH managers with a mapping tool that provides a high level of detail of non-patient activities, and guidelines for calculating procedure times that can be used to effectively manage staff workloads, benchmark existing services and plan for new services. Critical evaluation of staff workloads will allow managers to maximise allied health human resources and hence provide better patient outcomes.
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Roy, Abhishek, Alekh Jindal, Priyanka Gomatam, Xiating Ouyang, Ashit Gosalia, Nishkam Ravi, Swinky Mann, and Prakhar Jain. "SparkCruise." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 14, no. 12 (July 2021): 3122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3476311.3476388.
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Today cloud companies offer fully managed Spark services. This has made it easy to onboard new customers but has also increased the volume of users and their workload sizes. However, both cloud providers and users lack the tools and time to optimize these massive workloads. To solve this problem, we designed SparkCruise that can help understand and optimize workload instances by adding a workload-driven feedback loop to the Spark query optimizer. In this paper, we present our approach to collecting and representing Spark query workloads and use it to improve the overall performance on the workload, all without requiring any access to user data. These methods scale with the number of workloads and apply learned feedback in an online fashion. We explain one specific workload optimization developed for computation reuse. We also share the detailed analysis of production Spark workloads and contrast them with the corresponding analysis of TPC-DS benchmark. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to share the analysis of large-scale production Spark SQL workloads.
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Misra, Joya, Alexandra Kuvaeva, Kerryann O’meara, Dawn Kiyoe Culpepper, and Audrey Jaeger. "Gendered and Racialized Perceptions of Faculty Workloads." Gender & Society 35, no. 3 (April 14, 2021): 358–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08912432211001387.
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Faculty workload inequities have important consequences for faculty diversity and inclusion. On average, women faculty spend more time engaging in service, teaching, and mentoring, while men, on average, spend more time on research, with women of color facing particularly high workload burdens. We explore how faculty members perceive workload in their departments, identifying mechanisms that can help shape their perceptions of greater equity and fairness. White women perceive that their departments have less equitable workloads and are less committed to workload equity than white men. Women of color perceive that their departments are less likely to credit their important work through departmental rewards systems than white men. Workload transparency and clarity, and consistent approaches to assigning classes, advising, and service, can reduce women’s perceptions of inequitable and unfair workloads. Our research suggests that departments can identify and put in place a number of key practices around workload that will improve gendered and racialized perceptions of workload.
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Gabbett, Tim J., Billy Hulin, Peter Blanch, Paul Chapman, and David Bailey. "To Couple or not to Couple? For Acute:Chronic Workload Ratios and Injury Risk, Does it Really Matter?" International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 09 (July 10, 2019): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0955-5589.
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AbstractWe examined the association between coupled and uncoupled acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR) and injury risk in a cohort of 28 elite cricket fast bowlers (mean±SD age, 26±5 yr). Workloads were estimated using the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE). Coupled ACWRs were calculated using a 1-week acute workload and 4-week chronic workload (acute workload was included in the chronic workload calculation), whereas uncoupled ACWRs used the most recent 1-week acute workload and the prior 3-week chronic workload (acute workload was not included in the chronic workload calculation). A nearly perfect relationship (R2=0.99) was found between coupled and uncoupled ACWRs. Using a percentile rank method, no significant differences in injury risk were found between the coupled and uncoupled ACWR. Higher ACWRs were associated with increased injury likelihood for both coupled and uncoupled methods, however there were no significant differences in injury risk between coupled and uncoupled ACWRs. Our data demonstrates that both coupled and uncoupled ACWRs produce the same injury likelihoods. Furthermore, our results are consistent with previous studies: higher ACWRs are associated with greater risk, irrespective of whether acute and chronic workloads are coupled or uncoupled.
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D. Hanabaratti, Kavita, and Rudragoud Patil. "Efficient algorithm for replanning web service composition." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 31, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v31.i1.pp491-500.
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Web-service-composition (WSC) workload execution inside a hybrid cloud environment is challenging. A dynamic approach for allocating resources to various tasks, as well as associated sub-tasks having a satisfactory quality-ofservice (QoS) requirement, is necessary for the present real-time demand. As a result of focusing primarily on decreasing processing time as well as cost, current approaches improve latency as well as energy while executing a given workload. This study introduces an efficient re-planning (ERP) algorithm for running many scientific workloads inside a heterogeneous cloud environment, which is designed to address some of the shortcomings of previous approaches. With a changing workload, this study details a technique to improve the WSC's availability as well as robustness. The workload's processing energy requirements are reduced as a result. The montageworkflow has been used to validate the research findings. Comparison with the current heterogeneous earliest finish time (QL-HEFT) algorithm demonstrates that its ERP-WSC approach is much more efficient and reliable.
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Hudaningsih, Nurul. "ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA MENTAL PADA STAF UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NASA TLX (STUDI KASUS: UNIVERSITAS TEKNOLOGI SUMBAWA)." Jurnal TAMBORA 3, no. 3 (October 16, 2019): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.36761/jt.v3i3.401.
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Physical and mental activity is the main point that causes the workload to be commonly experienced by the staff. Therefore, the workload can be said to be a relationship between the ability of workers and the amount of pressure experienced in doing a job. Generally, workloads that are often experienced by technical service Unit staff (UPT) are mental workloads that are caused by working environment conditions (universities), tolerance in work and the amount of pressure experienced in the work. The scope that became the focus in this research is the Sumbawa University of Technology which has 10 UPT (UPT Library, UPT Language Center, UPT new student admissions, UPT International Office, UPT Scholarship, UPT Cooperation, UPT information technology, UPT Public relations and Protokoler, UPT creative spaces and UPT forest management education and research) which each UPT has different workloads. The measurement of mental workloads in this study uses The NASA TLX method (The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index) by means of The feeding and weight-bearing of The filling of the questionnaire by the staff in each UPT. The results showed that the UPT that has the lowest mental workload is the UPT Library (54.5), the moderate mental workload is the UPT Language Center (77.4), the highest mental workload i.e. UPT Scholarship (86.4).
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MacPhee, Maura, V. Dahinten, and Farinaz Havaei. "The Impact of Heavy Perceived Nurse Workloads on Patient and Nurse Outcomes." Administrative Sciences 7, no. 1 (March 5, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci7010007.
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This study investigated the relationships between seven workload factors and patient and nurse outcomes. (1) Background: Health systems researchers are beginning to address nurses’ workload demands at different unit, job and task levels; and the types of administrative interventions needed for specific workload demands. (2) Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study of 472 acute care nurses from British Columbia, Canada. The workload factors included nurse reports of unit-level RN staffing levels and patient acuity and patient dependency; job-level nurse perceptions of heavy workloads, nursing tasks left undone and compromised standards; and task-level interruptions to work flow. Patient outcomes were nurse-reported frequencies of medication errors, patient falls and urinary tract infections; and nurse outcomes were emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. (3) Results: Job-level perceptions of heavy workloads and task-level interruptions had significant direct effects on patient and nurse outcomes. Tasks left undone mediated the relationships between heavy workloads and nurse and patient outcomes; and between interruptions and nurse and patient outcomes. Compromised professional nursing standards mediated the relationships between heavy workloads and nurse outcomes; and between interruptions and nurse outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Administrators should work collaboratively with nurses to identify work environment strategies that ameliorate workload demands at different levels.
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Ariffin, Asma Hanee, Rohaizah Abdul Wahid, Suliana Sulaiman, Marzita Mansor, and Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab. "The Development of an e-Workload Distribution System: A Focus on the Fair Distribution of Teaching Workloads of Lecturers." Asian Journal of University Education 16, no. 4 (January 24, 2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v16i4.11955.
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Studies have shown excessive teaching workloads of teachers and lecturers have become a contentious issue in the academic realm, making them physically and emotionally strained. Therefore, this study was carried out to develop a workload distribution management system called e-WLOAD to help the management of universities in distributing workloads that are fair and acceptable to all lecturers. In this study, the researchers used the Evolutionary Prototyping method for the development of e-WLOAD. A series of interviews involving a head of a department, a faculty dean and an academic registrar as well as the analysis of the Academic Workload Guidance Document of the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) and the academic Annual Performance Assessment Report were carried out to reveal the relevant criteria for the distribution of lecturers’ workloads, namely Status, Minimum and maximum credits, Lecturer classification, Current Teaching Status, and Teaching Load Requirements. After running the system, the results of the functionality test indicated that the prototype had fulfilled all system requirements successfully based on such distribution criteria.
Keywords: Evolutionary Prototyping, Lecturers’ teaching workloads, Workload distribution criteria, Workload distribution system
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Liu, Yanbing, Bo Gong, Congcong Xing, and Yi Jian. "A Virtual Machine Migration Strategy Based on Time Series Workload Prediction Using Cloud Model." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/973069.
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Aimed at resolving the issues of the imbalance of resources and workloads at data centers and the overhead together with the high cost of virtual machine (VM) migrations, this paper proposes a new VM migration strategy which is based on the cloud model time series workload prediction algorithm. By setting the upper and lower workload bounds for host machines, forecasting the tendency of their subsequent workloads by creating a workload time series using the cloud model, and stipulating a general VM migration criterion workload-aware migration (WAM), the proposed strategy selects a source host machine, a destination host machine, and a VM on the source host machine carrying out the task of the VM migration. Experimental results and analyses show, through comparison with other peer research works, that the proposed method can effectively avoid VM migrations caused by momentary peak workload values, significantly lower the number of VM migrations, and dynamically reach and maintain a resource and workload balance for virtual machines promoting an improved utilization of resources in the entire data center.
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Wells, Robyn, and Xinhui Zhu. "A Field Study on College Marching Band Players’ Workload." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621226.
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College marching band players expose to high physical and cognitive workloads; however, there is lack of understanding on this matter. The purposes of this study were to investigate the workloads associated with marching band performance and to evaluate the effect of players’ role (leader vs. non-leader) on their workload. Forty participants were recruited from the Oregon State University Marching Band (OSUMB). They were conducted to complete a set of surveys before and after their performance on a game day. Their body discomfort and subjective workload were assessed using Borg-CR10 and NASA-TLX, respectively. Results found leaders’ discomfort ratings at their neck and upper back areas were significantly higher (p<0.10) than those of non-leaders. Also, a consistent trend was found across all NASA-TLX scales that leasers reported higher workloads than non-leaders. These findings indicate that college marching band players exposed to high workload and the leadership role can increase the players’ workload.
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Putra, Reji Jaya, and Gaustama Putra. "Analisis Beban Kerja pada Operator Bagian Produksi dengan Menggunakan Metode NASA-TLX (Task Load Index) di PT. Ujong Neubok Dalam." Jurnal Optimalisasi 7, no. 2 (October 26, 2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jopt.v7i2.4352.
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Operator workload in a company can be grouped into low or high workloads. Operators feel the workload is low if each activity is carried out easily and safely so that it does not exceed the operator's capabilities. Meanwhile, a heavy workload is felt when the work exceeds the operator's ability limit which can cause fatigue and work accidents. PT Ujong Neubok Dalam is a company that produces Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and kernels. In the production section, there are workstations such as loading rump, sterilization, digester and press, clarification, and others. The production target is 270 tons/day of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) which are produced into CPO. The demand for production targets resulted in complaints and discomfort felt by the production department operator. The purpose of this study was to analyze the workload and workload indicators of production operators using the NASA-TLX method. From the calculation results of 17 operators, the mental workload that is classified as high is felt by 7 operators with an average Weighted Workload (WWL) of 81-89, while 10 operators are classified as high mental workloads with a WWL value of 78-67. Of the 6 NASA-TLX indicators, 3 indicators have the highest mental workload values, namely physical needs (KF), effort (U), and work performance (PK) with details of the average value of 248 - 260.
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Lyons, Steven, and Raju Rangaswami. "To Cache or Not to Cache." Algorithms 17, no. 7 (July 7, 2024): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a17070301.
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Unlike conventional CPU caches, non-datapath caches, such as host-side flash caches which are extensively used as storage caches, have distinct requirements. While every cache miss results in a cache update in a conventional cache, non-datapath caches allow for the flexibility of selective caching, i.e., the option of not having to update the cache on each miss. We propose a new, generalized, bimodal caching algorithm, Fear Of Missing Out (FOMO), for managing non-datapath caches. Being generalized has the benefit of allowing any datapath cache replacement policy, such as LRU, ARC, or LIRS, to be augmented by FOMO to make these datapath caching algorithms better suited for non-datapath caches. Operating in two states, FOMO is selective—it selectively disables cache insertion and replacement depending on the learned behavior of the workload. FOMO is lightweight and tracks inexpensive metrics in order to identify these workload behaviors effectively. FOMO is evaluated using three different cache replacement policies against the current state-of-the-art non-datapath caching algorithms, using five different storage system workload repositories (totaling 176 workloads) for six different cache size configurations, each sized as a percentage of each workload’s footprint. Our extensive experimental analysis reveals that FOMO can improve upon other non-datapath caching algorithms across a range of production storage workloads, while also reducing the write rate.
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Helshinta, Novita, Dewi Pangaribuan, and Chrismis Novalinda Ginting. "Analysis of Health Personnel Needs (Paramedic) in Handling COVID-19 based on Workload Using the WISN Method at Hospital Royal Prima Medan." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220259.
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Workload analysis is an effort to calculate the workload on the work unit by adding up all the workloads and then dividing by the individual work capacity per unit of time. This study aims to determine the need for health workers (paramedics) by calculating the difference between the ideal number of paramedics (nurses and pharmacists) and the reality (WISN difference) and calculating the workload at Royal Prima University Medan. This type of research is descriptive with quantitative methods. and qualitatively simultaneously to analyze the workload and obtain the number of paramedical staff, namely nursing and pharmacy staff based on the Workload Indicator Staffing Need (WISN) method. Keywords: calculating workload, paramedics, nurses, University of Royal Prima Medan.
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Hanafy, Walid A., Qianlin Liang, Noman Bashir, David Irwin, and Prashant Shenoy. "CarbonScaler: Leveraging Cloud Workload Elasticity for Optimizing Carbon-Efficiency." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 52, no. 1 (June 11, 2024): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3673660.3655048.
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Due to inherent variations in energy's carbon intensity, temporal shifting has become a key method in reducing the carbon footprint of batch workloads. However, temporally shifting workloads involves searching for periods with lower carbon intensity, which increases the workload's completion time. In this paper, we present CarbonScaler, a new approach that reduces carbon emissions of batch workloads without extending their completion time. Our approach relies on applications' ability to change their compute demand by scaling the workload based on fluctuations in energy's carbon intensity. We present a carbon-aware scheduling algorithm, a Kubernetes-based prototype, and an analytic tool to guide the carbon-efficient deployment of batch applications in the cloud. We evaluate CarbonScaler using real-world applications and show that it can yield 33% carbon savings without extending the completion time and up to 32% extra carbon savings over state-of-the-art suspend-resume policies when completion time is flexible.
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Suliantoro, Suliantoro. "Pengaruh Beban Kerja Terhadap Produktifitas Kerja Di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Rumah Sakit Pratama Kota Yogyakarta." Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi 8, no. 1 (May 28, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54131/jbma.v8i1.118.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of workload on work productivity of non-health worker employees. There is an organization in management workload is into two, namely workload and high workload. Workload are some or a series of activities must be completed by an organization or holder of a within a certain period. Give the workloads effective organization can be aware of the extent to which employees can be given maximum workload and the extent to which its effect on productivity employee performance. It self Productivity were their mental attitude that melatar such employees to produce a better performance than yesterday. Productivity in the the last result obtained in a process. Increased productivity, can be achieved if the employee could understand exactly about factor increasing work productivity. Success Organization that employees can work well, and having high productivity to achieve the goals of the organization itself. In this research, the use writers the quantitative methods. After they won an minutely so the authors found , there are real impact between the workloads against work productivity in the hospital pratama the city of yogyakarta .
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Wicaksono, Satrio, and Alnisa Min Fadlillah. "Implementation of Full Time Equivalent Method in Determining the Workload Analysis of Logistics Admin Employees of PT X in Jakarta, Indonesia." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (September 27, 2021): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.1076.
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PT X is a company engaged in distribution and trading as its business activities. The logistics division, especially the logistics admin as a supply chain, certainly, has a big responsibility. In order to carry out this great responsibility, an appropriate number of workers is needed so that the work carried out can be executed properly. In this study, the main objective is to analyze the workload that exists in the current logistics admin employees and later from the results of the workload analysis, a human resource policy can be drawn concerning workloads setting.
The method used in this study was the Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) method where this method could show how much workload is proportional to each employee. As a result, the workload received by each logistics admin employee has a different workload from one employee to another. Of the three existing logistics admin employees, 2 were overloaded and one was inloaded. Human resource policies related to workload arrangements for PT X logistics admin employees can be said to have not been maximized due to differences in workloads for each employee even though each of them does the same job.
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Wicaksono, Satrio, and Alnisa Min Fadlillah. "Implementation of Full Time Equivalent Method in Determining the Workload Analysis of Logistics Admin Employees of PT X in Jakarta, Indonesia." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (September 27, 2021): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.1076.
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PT X is a company engaged in distribution and trading as its business activities. The logistics division, especially the logistics admin as a supply chain, certainly, has a big responsibility. In order to carry out this great responsibility, an appropriate number of workers is needed so that the work carried out can be executed properly. In this study, the main objective is to analyze the workload that exists in the current logistics admin employees and later from the results of the workload analysis, a human resource policy can be drawn concerning workloads setting.
The method used in this study was the Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) method where this method could show how much workload is proportional to each employee. As a result, the workload received by each logistics admin employee has a different workload from one employee to another. Of the three existing logistics admin employees, 2 were overloaded and one was inloaded. Human resource policies related to workload arrangements for PT X logistics admin employees can be said to have not been maximized due to differences in workloads for each employee even though each of them does the same job.
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Sari, Santika, Farah Fauzia Imron, Nurfajriah Nurfajriah, and Fajar Rahayu I.M. "Workload Analysis with Full Time Equivalent Method to Optimize Production Unit Performance at PT X." Journal of Integrated System 5, no. 2 (December 27, 2022): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jis.v5i2.5404.
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PT X is one of the companies in the manufacturing industry engaged in the automotive sector. In carrying out the production process, PT X sometimes has problems, namely there is often a mismatch in the number of spare parts sent with the number of spare parts written on the purchase order (PO). The production delay occurred due to a shortage of manpower and an uneven workload in production activities at PT X. For this reason, it is necessary to measure the workload as a basis for calculating the workforce needs. In this study, researchers used the full time equivalent (FTE) method. After calculating with this method, it is known that the workload in the coated spare parts production line is not balanced among 10 operators who work, where 3 operators with high workloads or overload, 5 operators with normal workloads, and 2 operators with low workloads or underload. The results of the calculation show that the workload has a negative effect on operator performance. The proposed improvement is by adding 2 operators and mutating horizontally, the results obtained are an optimal workforce of 12 people, with workloads in the normal and low (underload) categories.
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Fajrin, Vica Claudia. "The Overview of Mental Workload of Health Safety and Environment Workers in Oil and Gas Industry." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 9, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v9i2.2020.154-162.
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Introduction: PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap is a national oil and gas industry that has the largest refinery in Southeast Asia that manages raw materials for other refinery units in Indonesia to be reprocessed into fuel. The size of the refinery can illustrate the complexity of the system run by this unit. The HSE Unit in this company has a great responsibility to maintain the worker safety in the refinery. It is necessary to measure mental workload on HSE workers. This is because if the mental workload is not monitored, it can cause fatality, in this case, work accidents as a result of lack of supervision from HSE workers and mental PAK related to HSE workers resulting in excessive mental workload or property loss as an outcome of excessive mental workload. So, it is important to portray the HSE mental workload because of its responsibility to secure the health, safety and environmental issues. The purpose of this study was to describe the heavy mental workload on PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap. Method: This research was a quantitative descriptive designed study. Data were obtained by conducting interviews and using the NASA-tlx questionnaire on 71 respondents. Results: As many as 35 respondents had heavy mental workloads and 31 respondents had very heavy mental workloads. Conclusion: HSE workers at PT. Pertamina RU IV Cilacap has a heavy mental workload and even tends to be very heavy.Keywords: mental workload, NASA-tlx, oil and gas industry
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Simpson, Marni J., David G. Jenkins, and Vincent G. Kelly. "Workload Differences Between Training Drills and Competition in Elite Netball." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 10 (November 1, 2020): 1385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0971.
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Purpose: To examine potential differences in internal and external workload variables between playing positions and between training drills and games within an elite netball team during training and competition. Methods: Nine elite female netballers were monitored during 15 games and all training sessions over 28 weeks. Workload variables assessed were relative PlayerLoad (PL per minute), accelerations, decelerations, jumps, changes of direction, high-intensity events, medium-intensity events, low-intensity events, PL in a forward direction, PL in a sideways direction, PL in a vertical direction, and summated heart-rate zones using heart-rate monitors and inertial measurement units. Results: Conditioning and match play during training were the only drills that matched or exceeded game workloads. Workloads during small-sided games were lower than game workloads for all variables. In games, goalkeeper, goal attack, and goal shooter had a greater frequency of jumps compared with other positions. Midcourt positions had a greater frequency of low-intensity events in a game. Conclusions: Workloads during small-sided games were lower than game workloads across all external and internal variables; therefore, netball staff should modify these small-sided games if they wish them to develop game-based qualities. Specific game workload variables indicate that there are differences within some positional groups; coaches need to be aware that positional groupings may fail to account for differences in workload between individual playing positions.
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Anisah, Siti, and Mulyono Mulyono. "Correlation between Individual Characteristics and Workload toward Occupational Stress of Social Undesirables Facilitators." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v9i1.2020.12-20.
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Introduction: Prevalence occupational stress continues to increase. Based on survey in 2012, there was 64% workers in Indonesia suffered increased stress compared to previous year. According to the Great Britain 2017 statistics, jobs with higher than average rates of stress are health workers and social workers. Several factors that can affect occupational stress are individual characteristics and workload. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship of individual characteristics (age, sex, education level, and working period) and workloads (physical and mental workloads) toward the level of occupational stress of social undesirables facilitators at Regional Technical Implementation Unit Social Shelter Keputih Surabaya. Methods: This study was observational research and used cross-sectional method. Sample in this research was 21 workers. The sample were taken used total sampling. The writer used contingency coefficient for analyzing variables relation. Results: The study showed the age (coefficient= 0.572) and mental workload (coefficient= 0.420) had a moderate relation toward occupational stress level. Sex (coefficient= 0.136) had the lowest relation toward occupational stress level. The education level (coefficient= 0.398), working period (coefficient= 0.298), and physical workload (coefficient= 0.209) had a low relation toward occupational stress level. Conclusion: The individual characteristic (age) and workload (mental workload) related to occupational stress.Keywords: individual characteristics, occupational stress, workload
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Hulin, Billy T., Tim J. Gabbett, Nathan J. Pickworth, Rich D. Johnston, and David G. Jenkins. "Relationships Among PlayerLoad, High-Intensity Intermittent Running Ability, and Injury Risk in Professional Rugby League Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0139.
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Purpose: To examine relationships among physical performance, workload, and injury risk in professional rugby league players. Methods: Maximal-effort (n = 112) and submaximal (n = 1084) running performances of 45 players were recorded from 1 club over 2 consecutive seasons. Poorer and better submaximal running performance was determined by higher and lower exercise heart rates, respectively. Exponentially weighted moving averages and daily rolling averages were used to assess microtechnology-derived acute and chronic field-based workloads. The associations among within-individual submaximal running performance, workload, and noncontact lower-limb injury were then investigated. Results: The injury risk associated with poorer submaximal performance was “likely” greater than stable (relative risk = 1.8; 90% confidence interval, 0.9–3.7) and better submaximal performance (relative risk = 2.0; 90% confidence interval, 0.9–4.4). Compared with greater submaximal performance, poorer performance was associated with lower chronic workloads (effect size [d] = 0.82 [0.13], large) and higher acute:chronic workload ratios (d = 0.49 [0.14], small). Chronic workload demonstrated a “nearly perfect” positive relationship with maximal-effort running performance (exponentially weighted moving average, R2 = .91 [.15]; rolling average, R2 = .91 [.14]). At acute:chronic workload ratios >1.9, no differences in injury risk were found between rolling average and exponentially weighted moving average methods (relative risk = 1.1; 90% confidence interval, 0.3–3.8; unclear). Conclusions: Reductions in submaximal running performance are related with low chronic workloads, high acute:chronic workload ratios, and increased injury risk. These findings demonstrate that a submaximal running assessment can be used to provide information on physical performance and injury risk in professional rugby league players.
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Simpson, Marni J., David G. Jenkins, Aaron T. Scanlan, and Vincent G. Kelly. "Relationships Between External- and Internal-Workload Variables in an Elite Female Netball Team and Between Playing Positions." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 6 (July 1, 2020): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0619.
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Purpose: To examine relationships between external- and internal-workload variables in an elite female netball team, with consideration of positional differences. Methods: Nine elite female netball athletes had their weekly workloads monitored across their preseason and competition phases of a season. Internal workload was determined using summated heart-rate (HR) zones and session ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE), whereas external workload was determined using inertial movement units and included absolute PlayerLoad (PL), relative PL (PL per minute), accelerations (ACCEL), decelerations (DECEL), jumps, changes of direction (COD), high-intensity events, medium-intensity events, low-intensity events, PL in the forward direction, PL in the sideways direction, and PL in the vertical direction. Relationships between external- and internal-workload variables in the team and relative to playing position were examined. Results: Across the team, the strongest external workloads that correlated with summated HR zones were PL (r = .65), COD (r = .64), ACCEL (r = .61), and DECEL (r = .61). The strongest external workloads that correlated with sRPE were COD (r = .79), followed by jumps (r = .76), ACCEL (r = .75), and DECEL (r = .75). For all positions, except-goal shooter, the strongest correlation was between PL and sRPE (r = .88–.94). In the goal-shooter position, the strongest correlation was between summated HR zones and DECEL (r = .89). Conclusions: The inertial movement unit-derived external-workload variables are strongly related to common internal-workload variables. In particular, COD and sRPE appear to provide a good monitoring combination of external and internal training loads for elite netball players.
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Bowen, Laura, Aleksander Stephan Gross, Mo Gimpel, Stewart Bruce-Low, and Francois-Xavier Li. "Spikes in acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR) associated with a 5–7 times greater injury rate in English Premier League football players: a comprehensive 3-year study." British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, no. 12 (February 21, 2019): 731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099422.
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ObjectivesWe examined the relation between global positioning system (GPS)-derived workloads and injury in English Premier League football players (n=33) over three seasons.MethodsWorkload and injury data were collected over three consecutive seasons. Cumulative (1-weekly, 2-weekly, 3-weekly and 4-weekly) loads in addition to acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR) (acute workload (1-week workload)) divided by chronic workload (previous 4-week average acute workload) were classified into discrete ranges by z-scores. Relative risk (RR) for each range was then calculated between injured and non-injured players using specific GPS variables: total distance, low-intensity distance, high-speed running distance, sprint distance, accelerations and decelerations.ResultsThe greatest non-contact injury risk was when the chronic exposure to decelerations was low (<1731) and the ACWR was >2.0 (RR=6.7). Non-contact injury risk was also 5–6 times higher for accelerations and low-intensity distance when the chronic workloads were categorised as low and the ACWR was >2.0 (RR=5.4–6.6), compared with ACWRs below this. When all chronic workloads were included, an ACWR >2.0 was associated with a significant but lesser injury risk for the same metrics, plus total distance (RR=3.7–3.9).ConclusionsWe recommend that practitioners involved in planning training for performance and injury prevention monitor the ACWR, increase chronic exposure to load and avoid spikes that approach or exceed 2.0.
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Ahmad Fawad, Et al. "Efficient Workload Allocation and Scheduling Strategies for AI-Intensive Tasks in Cloud Infrastructures." Power System Technology 47, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/pst.160.
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- The rapid proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications has underscored the need for advanced cloud infrastructures capable of efficiently managing AI-intensive workloads. This paper delves into the intricacies of workload allocation and scheduling in the context of cloud environments, specifically focusing on the challenges posed by AI-intensive tasks. Our research endeavors to scrutinize existing strategies, discern their limitations, and proffer innovative approaches tailored to optimize the allocation and scheduling of AI workloads within cloud infrastructures. In elucidating the challenges, we pinpoint resource heterogeneity, dynamic workload characteristics, and scalability as the crux of the issues confronting AI-intensive workload management. The diverse computational demands of AI workloads make it challenging to allocate resources optimally, while the dynamic nature of these tasks necessitates adaptive strategies to accommodate varying computational requirements over time. [1] Additionally, as AI models and datasets burgeon in complexity and size, ensuring scalability becomes paramount for sustaining performance in cloud environments. Our literature review encompasses an examination of both traditional and state-of-the-art workload allocation strategies, shedding light on their respective strengths and shortcomings. We also delve into scheduling techniques employed for managing AI-intensive tasks, providing a comprehensive overview of the existing landscape. To address these challenges, we propose a novel framework centered around dynamic resource provisioning, machine learning-based scheduling, and efficient task migration strategies. The framework aims to adaptively allocate resources based on the evolving nature of AI workloads, leveraging machine learning algorithms to predict workload characteristics and employing efficient task migration to handle workload fluctuations. The paper concludes with an experimental evaluation of the proposed strategies, conducted in a simulated environment using diverse datasets. Key performance metrics, such as throughput, latency, and resource utilization, are employed to assess the effectiveness of our strategies compared to existing approaches. By offering insights into the efficient management of AI-intensive workloads in cloud infrastructures, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance the scalability and performance of cloud environments in the face of burgeoning AI applications.
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Rukmana, Raden Bramantia, and Rusindiyanto Rusindiyanto. "Analysis of Physical and Mental Workload on Emergency Department (ED) Nurses with Subjective Workload Assessment Technique (SWAT) and Cardiovascular Load (CVL) Methods (Case Study of Sidoarjo City Hospital)." Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business 7, no. 2 (September 11, 2023): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v7i2.1260.
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This research was conducted to reveal the amount of mental and physical workloads of nurses, determine the SWAT and CVL indicators which contribute the most impact on the occurrence of workloads, and advise on possible improvements to minimize this workload. The study was carried out in the Emergency Department of RSUD Sidoarjo from May 2023 until the required data is complete. The result of this analysis revealed that the most impactful SWAT indicator on nurses' mental workloads is Time, Shift 1 62.34%, Shift 2 59.13%, and Shift 3 57.19%. Meanwhile, the result of the examination on physical workload using the CVL method with a percentage of 30% states that the highest CVL average percentage is 33%. Based on the results of both indicators, Sidoarjo Regional Hospital is advised to add one more nurse so that the workload of nurses overall can be reduced.
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Parfitt, Gaynor, David Markland, and Colin Holmes. "Responses to Physical Exertion in Active and Inactive Males and Females." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 16, no. 2 (June 1994): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.16.2.178.
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An experiment is presented that investigates the relationship between gender, exercise history, and psychological affect during and after exercising at different workloads. High-active and low-active subjects reported their psychological affect in the last 30 s of and 5 min after exercising at 60 and 90% VO2max workloads. Results indicated that high-active subjects (both males and females) were significantly more positive in the 90% workload condition than were the low-active group, but there was no difference between the groups in the 60% workload condition (p < .001). These results suggest that psychological affect in exercise settings is influenced by exercise history, workload, and time when self-reported affect is requested.
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Pramestari, Diah, Henni Henni, Al Ikbal Arbi, Novrigent Novrigent, and Gita Prawesti. "Employee Workload Assessment in The Service and Manufacturing Industry." Organization and Human Capital Development 1, no. 1 (April 28, 2022): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/orcadev.v1i1.868.
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In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry has implemented new policies in managing its workforce, one of which is by reducing employees. The reduction of employees in the industry causes an excessive workload on several work units in the industry, both the service industry and the manufacturing industry. To perform better manpower management, management in the industry needs to know the workload of employees in each work unit. This is quantitative research by taking a case study of one sample of the service industry involving 110 respondents and the manufacturing industry involving 90 respondents. The Modified Cooper Harper (MCH) method is applied as a tool to get an overview of the workload of employees in each category in the two industries. The workload of employees in the observed division was calculated using the MCH formula, and then heavy, medium, and light workloads were classified accordingly. In addition, an analysis will be carried out to determine the factors that influence the achievement of the workload. From the results of the study, it was found that the classification of the heavy, medium and light workloads occurred in both the service industry and the manufacturing industry. There are significant differences between each workload classification in the service industry. However, these results did not occur in the manufacturing industry. External and internal factors affect the workload of employees in the two industries, but their influence in the two industries is different.
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Sitorus, Tetty H., and Harlyn L. Siagian. "Beban Kerja dan Fleksibilitas Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dengan Motivasi sebagai Pemediasi." Journal of Management and Bussines (JOMB) 5, no. 2 (September 4, 2023): 1182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/jomb.v5i2.6558.
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The research aims to examine the effect of workload and work flexibility on job satisfaction, with motivation as a mediator. The research method uses qualitative with an explanatory approach. The results showed that workload and motivation had a positive effect on job satisfaction, but work flexibility had no effect on job satisfaction. Workload and work flexibility influence motivation. if it is mediated by motivation then workload does not affect job satisfaction but Job Flexibility influences job satisfaction. Simultaneous tests show that Workload and Work Flexibility have a positive effect on Job Satisfaction mediated by motivation. So to achieve the targets that have been set, the company assigns workload to employees. However, heavy workloads can affect employees' physical and emotional well-being. In conclusion, companies need to set work standards and provide work flexibility to increase employee job satisfaction. Employee job satisfaction is very important because it will affect their performance. One aspect that can increase job satisfaction is motivation.
Keywords: Workload, Work Flexibility, Job Satisfaction, Motivation
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Alaina, Syafira, and Uus Mohammad Darul Fadli. "Analisis Beban Kerja Karyawan Pada CV. Petroasia Jaya Utama." Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis (JEMB) 3, no. 2 (July 8, 2024): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47233/jemb.v3i2.1821.
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Employees are important in the company, they must be guaranteed and maintained by the company. This relates to paying attention to workload on employees. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the workload on employees of CV. Petroasia Jaya Utama. This article identifies 2 dimensions of workload, namely internal factors and external factors. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, this research also involves interviews and observations. The interviewees in this study involved 5 employees at the research location at CV. Petroasia Jaya Utama. The results showed that internal and external workloads have a significant influence on employee performance. Employees who experience excessive workload and an uncomfortable work environment tend to experience fatigue and are less productive. Therefore, companies should pay attention to employee workload and take steps to reduce workload and improve the quality of the work environment. The results of this study can be used as reference material for companies to improve employee performance and reduce the workload faced by employees.
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Yan, Shengyuan, Yingying Wei, Fengjiao Li, and Cong Chi Tran. "Constructing a Model to Discriminate the Workload Level of Ship Interface Operators." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 8 (August 11, 2022): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081098.
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Workload level has a significant impact on the human errors of ship operators. Therefore, the accurate discrimination of the operator’s workload level has an important effect on preventing human errors. Firstly, this study analyzed the differences in performance indicators, subjective workload indicators, and eye movement indicators under different workloads. Secondly, according to the correlation analysis result, the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) score has a correlation with error rate, operation time, NASA-TLX score, pupil dilation, blink rate, saccadic rate, and fixation rate. Thirdly, this study used a typical discriminant analysis method to construct a discrimination model based on these indicators. The validation result indicated that the accurate discrimination rate of the model is 100% for the low and general workload and that is 90.9% for the high workload. It indicated that the constructed model can effectively distinguish the workload level.
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Dani, Aditia Rachman, and Siti Mujanah. "PENGARUH SERVANT LEADERSHIP, BEBAN KERJA DAN KREATIVITAS TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DINAS PERHUBUNGAN KABUPATEN BANGKALAN MADURA DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING." Media Mahardhika 19, no. 3 (May 28, 2021): 434–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.29062/mahardika.v19i3.269.
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This research aims to, knowing the influence of servant leadership, workload, and creativity on the performance of employees of the Bangkalan Madura District Transportation Office with the organization's commitment as variable intervening. Research uses a quantitative approach. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). Respondents to this study were employees of bangkalan district transportation office, as many as 99 samples from the entire population of 117 employees. Data collection instruments use variable servant leadership, workload, creativity, organizational commitment and employee performance by using a Likert scale of 1-5. From the results of the analysis obtained variable servant leadership, workload, Creativity significantly influenced the commitment of the organization, while the commitment of the organization significantly affects the performance of employees. So it can be said that all hypotheses of this study are accepted. Servant leadership, creativity, work commitment and employee performance get a very good perception, but on the workload side it is expected that the leaders provide workloads in accordance with employee competence by considering the maximum limit of workload obtained by employees so that workloads do not become an obstacle in improving employee performance.
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Pitman, AG, and DN Jones. "Radiologist workloads in teaching hospital departments: Measuring the workload." Australasian Radiology 50, no. 1 (February 2006): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.2005.01524.x.
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Poerwanto, Eko, and Gunawan Gunawan. "ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA MENTAL PEKERJA BAGIAN GROUND H ANDLING BANDARA ADISUTJIPTO UNTUK MENDUKUNG KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN." Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi 7, no. 2 (September 13, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/angkasa.v7i2.155.
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Increased need for air transport will increase the activity of ground handling at airports. Increased activity of this will affect the mental workload received personnel who carry it out. Any increase in mental workload will affect the occurrence of human error and affect flight safety. Analysis of mental workload ofpart o f ground handling personnel is very important to ensure acceptable personnel workloads according to workload capacity available. This mental workload research using NASA-TLX method, that the procedure uses a multi-dimensional rating, and divide the workload on the basis of the average loading 6 dimensions, namely Mental Demand, Physical Demand, Temporal Demand, Effort, Own Performance, and frustation. NASA-TLX is divided into two phases, namely a comparison of each scale (Paired Comparison) and giving value to the work (Event Scoring). The research objective is to ensure the mental workload of part of ground handling Adisucipto airport in Yogyakarta, in accordance with their capacity, so as to avoid human error and to support aviation safety. The results showed that the mean score of mental workload ground handling activities by PT. Gapura Air and PT. Kokapura Avia in Yogyakarta Adisucipto airport in the mental workload optimization group, which indicates mental workload received by workers are safe (no overload).
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Daskalopoulou, Stella S., Alexandra B. Cooke, Yessica-Haydee Gomez, Andrew F. Mutter, Andreas Filippaios, Ertirea T. Mesfum, and Christos S. Mantzoros. "Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects." European Journal of Endocrinology 171, no. 3 (September 2014): 343–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-14-0204.
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BackgroundIrisin, a recently discovered myokine, has been shown to induce browning of white adipose tissue, enhancing energy expenditure and mediating some of the beneficial effects of exercise. We aimed to estimate the time frame of changes in irisin levels after acute exercise and the effect of different exercise workloads and intensities on circulating irisin levels immediately post-exercise.MethodsIn a pilot study, four healthy subjects (22.5±1.7 years) underwent maximal workload exercise (maximal oxygen consumption, VO2 max) and blood was drawn at prespecified intervals to define the time frame of pre- and post-exercise irisin changes over a 24-h period. In the main study, 35 healthy, non-smoking (23.0±3.3 years) men and women (n=20/15) underwent three exercise protocols ≥48-h apart, in random order: i) maximal workload (VO2 max); ii) relative workload (70% of VO2 max/10 min); and iii) absolute workload (75 W/10 min). Blood was drawn immediately pre-exercise and 3 min post-exercise.ResultsIn the pilot study, irisin levels increased by 35% 3 min post-exercise, then dropped and remained relatively constant. In the main study, irisin levels post-exercise were significantly higher than those of pre-exercise after all workloads (all,P<0.001). Post-to-pre-exercise differences in irisin levels were significantly different between workloads (P=0.001), with the greatest increase by 34% following maximal workload (P=0.004 vs relative and absolute).ConclusionsCirculating irisin levels were acutely elevated in response to exercise, with a greater increase after maximal workload. These findings suggest that irisin release could be a function of muscle energy demand. Future studies need to determine the underlying mechanisms of irisin release and explore irisin's therapeutic potential.
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Farida, Eka, and Neneng Rika Jazilatul Kholidah. "Pengaruh Human Relationship dan Beban Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai." Jurnal Ecogen 4, no. 1 (April 23, 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jmpe.v4i1.11039.
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Organization will produce good employee performance if it is able to pay attention to the factors of providing workload. To reduce the workload that is too high there needs to be a human relationship that can provide lightening in completing workloads in the organization. The purpose of this study is to examine the performance of BKPSDM employees influenced by human relationships and workloads. This research is ex-post facto by using primary data. Population and samples in this study using non probability sampling techniques with a total of 52 respondents. The analysis used in this study is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the performance of BKPSDM employees was influenced by human relationships and workloads.Keywords : employee performance, human relationship, workload
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Davoudian, Ali, Liu Chen, Hongwei Tu, and Mengchi Liu. "A Workload-Adaptive Streaming Partitioner for Distributed Graph Stores." Data Science and Engineering 6, no. 2 (April 15, 2021): 163–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41019-021-00156-2.
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AbstractStreaming graph partitioning methods have recently gained attention due to their ability to scale to very large graphs with limited resources. However, many such methods do not consider workload and graph characteristics. This may degrade the performance of queries by increasing inter-node communication and computational load imbalance. Moreover, existing workload-aware methods cannot consistently provide good performance as they do not consider dynamic workloads that keep emerging in graph applications. We address these issues by proposing a novel workload-adaptive streaming partitioner named WASP, that aims to achieve low-latency and high-throughput online graph queries. As each workload typically contains frequent query patterns, WASP exploits the existing workload to capture active vertices and edges which are frequently visited and traversed, respectively. This information is used to heuristically improve the quality of partitions either by avoiding the concentration of active vertices in a few partitions proportional to their visit frequencies or by reducing the probability of the cut of active edges proportional to their traversal frequencies. In order to assess the impact of WASP on a graph store and to show how easily the approach can be plugged on top of the system, we exploit it in a distributed graph-based RDF store. Our experiments over three synthetic and real-world graph datasets and the corresponding static and dynamic query workloads show that WASP achieves a better query performance against state-of-the-art graph partitioners, especially in dynamic query workloads.
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Wang, Jiaqi, Tianyi Li, Anni Wang, Xiaoze Liu, Lu Chen, Jie Chen, Jianye Liu, Junyang Wu, Feifei Li, and Yunjun Gao. "Real-Time Workload Pattern Analysis for Large-Scale Cloud Databases." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 16, no. 12 (August 2023): 3689–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3611540.3611557.
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Hosting database services on cloud systems has become a common practice. This has led to the increasing volume of database workloads, which provides the opportunity for pattern analysis. Discovering workload patterns from a business logic perspective is conducive to better understanding the trends and characteristics of the database system. However, existing workload pattern discovery systems are not suitable for large-scale cloud databases which are commonly employed by the industry. This is because the workload patterns of large-scale cloud databases are generally far more complicated than those of ordinary databases. In this paper, we propose Alibaba Workload Miner (AWM), a real-time system for discovering workload patterns in complicated large-scale workloads. AW M encodes and discovers the SQL query patterns logged from user requests and optimizes the querying processing based on the discovered patterns. First, Data Collection & Preprocessing Module collects streaming query logs and encodes them into high-dimensional feature embeddings with rich semantic contexts and execution features. Next, Online Workload Mining Module separates encoded query by business groups and discovers the workload patterns for each group. Meanwhile, Offline Training Module collects labels and trains the classification model using the labels. Finally, Pattern-based Optimizing Module optimizes query processing in cloud databases by exploiting discovered patterns. Extensive experimental results on one synthetic dataset and two real-life datasets (extracted from Alibaba Cloud databases) show that AW M enhances the accuracy of pattern discovery by 66% and reduce the latency of online inference by 22%, compared with the state-of-the-arts.
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Zhao, Boxuan, Jianmin Gao, Kun Chen, and Aimin Xu. "Workload control-related Workload Route Decision." IFAC-PapersOnLine 48, no. 3 (2015): 1422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.06.286.
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Paul, Debjyoti, Jie Cao, Feifei Li, and Vivek Srikumar. "Database workload characterization with query plan encoders." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 15, no. 4 (December 2021): 923–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3503585.3503600.
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Smart databases are adopting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to achieve instance optimality , and in the future, databases will come with prepackaged AI models within their core components. The reason is that every database runs on different workloads, demands specific resources, and settings to achieve optimal performance. It prompts the necessity to understand workloads running in the system along with their features comprehensively, which we dub as workload characterization. To address this workload characterization problem, we propose our query plan encoders that learn essential features and their correlations from query plans. Our pretrained encoders captures the structural and the computational performance of queries independently. We show that our pretrained encoders are adaptable to workloads that expedites the transfer learning process. We performed independent assessments of structural encoder and performance encoders with multiple downstream tasks. For the overall evaluation of our query plan encoders, we architect two downstream tasks (i) query latency prediction and (ii) query classification. These tasks show the importance of feature-based workload characterization. We also performed extensive experiments on individual encoders to verify the effectiveness of representation learning, and domain adaptability.
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Lakhan, Abdullah, Mazhar Ali Dootio, Tor Morten Groenli, Ali Hassan Sodhro, and Muhammad Saddam Khokhar. "Multi-Layer Latency Aware Workload Assignment of E-Transport IoT Applications in Mobile Sensors Cloudlet Cloud Networks." Electronics 10, no. 14 (July 17, 2021): 1719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141719.
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These days, with the emerging developments in wireless communication technologies, such as 6G and 5G and the Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, the usage of E-Transport applications has been increasing progressively. These applications are E-Bus, E-Taxi, self-autonomous car, E-Train and E-Ambulance, and latency-sensitive workloads executed in the distributed cloud network. Nonetheless, many delays present in cloudlet-based cloud networks, such as communication delay, round-trip delay and migration during the workload in the cloudlet-based cloud network. However, the distributed execution of workloads at different computing nodes during the assignment is a challenging task. This paper proposes a novel Multi-layer Latency (e.g., communication delay, round-trip delay and migration delay) Aware Workload Assignment Strategy (MLAWAS) to allocate the workload of E-Transport applications into optimal computing nodes. MLAWAS consists of different components, such as the Q-Learning aware assignment and the Iterative method, which distribute workload in a dynamic environment where runtime changes of overloading and overheating remain controlled. The migration of workload and VM migration are also part of MLAWAS. The goal is to minimize the average response time of applications. Simulation results demonstrate that MLAWAS earns the minimum average response time as compared with the two other existing strategies.
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Bakka, Jagadevi, and Sanjeev Lingareddy. "Adaptive Workload Scheduling Design in Parallel Computational Framework." International Journal of Innovative Research in Information Security 10, no. 04 (May 8, 2024): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijiris.2024.v1004.19.
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In the recent years, many researchers have showed a great deal of interest to improve the scheduling of workload in the cloud platforms. On the other hand, to carry out the execution of the scientific workloads in the cloud environment, it consumes much time and is expensive; hence, it is neither time efficient nor cost-efficient. Due to this reason, many research studies have been carried, by which the researchers tend to reduce the processing time and make a cost-efficient method as the users are charged based on the usage. Very few studies have been done to optimize the cost with processing time and energy parameters together in order to meet the Service Level Agreement (SLA) and Quality of Service (QoS) of the workload task. Hence, in this paper, we present an Adaptive Workload Scheduling (AWS) model that ensures the Task Level SLA prerequisites in a heterogeneous distributed-computing environment. This AWS- model approach reduces the amount of energy and time needed to execute a given workloads. Cybershake scientific workload has been utilized for the studying proposed AWS model. When model was compared with the standard workload scheduling approach, our model reduced the consumption of cost, energy and time.
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Ding, Bailu, Surajit Chaudhuri, Johannes Gehrke, and Vivek Narasayya. "DSB." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 14, no. 13 (September 2021): 3376–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3484224.3484234.
Full textAbstract:
We describe a new benchmark, DSB, for evaluating both workload-driven and traditional database systems on modern decision support workloads. DSB is adapted from the widely-used industrial-standard TPC-DS benchmark. It enhances the TPC-DS benchmark with complex data distribution and challenging yet semantically meaningful query templates. DSB also introduces configurable and dynamic workloads to assess the adaptability of database systems. Since workload-driven and traditional database systems have different performance dimensions, including the additional resources required for tuning and maintaining the systems, we provide guidelines on evaluation methodology and metrics to report. We show a case study on how to evaluate both workload-driven and traditional database systems with the DSB benchmark. The code for the DSB benchmark is open sourced and is available at https://aka.ms/dsb.
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Goldstein, Susan A., Charles Weissman, Jeffrey Askanazi, Michael Rothkopf, J. Milic-Emili, and John M. Kinney. "Metabolic and ventilatory responses during very low level exercise." Clinical Science 73, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0730417.
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1. Nine male and six female healthy subjects were studied during supine bicycle exercise at workloads of 12 and 37 W; pedalling rates varied between 30 and 50 cycles/min at each workload. Measurements were made of oxygen consumption (Vo2), carbon dioxide production (Vco2), minute ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (fR), inspiratory and expiratory time (TI, TE) and mean inspiratory flow (VT/TI) using a non-invasive canopy–computer–spirometer system. 2. At rest, males had greater values of VE, VT, TI, inspiratory duty cycle (TI/TTOT), Vco2 and Vo2, and a lower fR, than females. 3. At the lower workload, Vo2, Vco2, VE, VT and VT/TI increased linearly with increasing pedalling rate, whereas at the higher workload there was a decrease in Vo2 and little or no change in ventilatory parameters from 30 to 50 cycles/min except for an increase in fR in females. 4. While performing supine exercise, there was an effect of pedalling rate on ventilatory and metabolic parameters at the low workload (12 W) which diminished at the higher workload (37 W). An increase in pedalling rate appears to enhance efficiency at these low workloads. 5. Differences between the sexes during exercise generally include: (a) a higher breathing frequency, (b) a greater mechanical efficiency, and (c) lower ventilatory equivalents of O2 and CO2 (VE/Vo2 and VE/Vco2) during the higher workload in females than males.
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Said, Said Al Ahsan, and Nissa Prasanti. "Analysis of Operators Physical and Mental Workload at Thresher Station at PT. Beurata Subur Persada (Bsp) Nagan Raya." Jurnal Inotera 8, no. 1 (January 24, 2023): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol8.iss1.2023.id206.
Full textAbstract:
PT Beurata Subur Persada (BSP) is a company engaged in processing Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) into Crude Palm Oil (CPO) located in Nagan Raya District, Aceh Province. In carrying out the production process, the thresher station is one of the stations in the factory that functions as a machine that ejects fruit from the stage of the jongkos (palm stalk) by slamming the FFB into the thresher drum successively. However, based on initial observations, it is known that the BSP operator who controls the thresher machine also controls other machines, so this increases the physical and mental workload of the operators. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical workload and mental workload of station operators using the %CVL method and the NASA-TLX method which are influenced by the subjectivity of the operators. The results of the study found that there were 2 operators who experienced rather high physical workloads, while the other 2 operators experienced moderate physical workloads. While measuring the mental workload it is known that all operators are in the moderate category.
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Rina Novianty Ariawaty, R., and Siti Noni Evita. "Relationship Workloads with Work Satisfactionlabor Contract on The Tomkins Shoes Company." Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Advantage 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30741/adv.v4i1.601.
Full textAbstract:
In facing global market competition, every company has different production standards. To meet work targets, the company imposes work on both low and high workloads. The workload was allegedly able to affect the satisfaction felt by the workforce. This study aims to determine the relationship of workload with contract labor satisfaction. The method used in this research uses the descriptive method by taking a sample of 86 contract workers. Analyze the correlation between variables, namely workload and job satisfaction, using the Spearman Rank Correlation formula. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between workload and job satisfaction of contract workers found that there is a relationship with a percentage of 21.6%.
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Brucato, Matteo, Tarique Siddiqui, Wentao Wu, Vivek Narasayya, and Surajit Chaudhuri. "Wred: Workload Reduction for Scalable Index Tuning." Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data 2, no. 1 (March 12, 2024): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3639305.
Full textAbstract:
Modern database systems offer index-tuning advisors that automatically identify a set of indexes to improve workload performance. Advisors leverage the optimizer's what-if API to optimize a query for a hypothetical index configuration. Because what-if calls constitute a major bottleneck of index tuning, existing techniques, such as workload compression, help reduce the number of what-if calls to speed up tuning. Unfortunately, even with small workloads and few what-if calls, tuning can still take hours due to the complexity of the queries (e.g., the number of joins, filters, group-by and order-by clauses), which increases their optimization time. This paper introduces workload reduction, a new complementary technique aimed at expediting index tuning by decreasing individual what-if call time without significantly affecting the quality of index tuning. We present an efficient workload reduction algorithm, called Wred, which rewrites each query in the original workload to eliminate column and table expressions unlikely to benefit from indexes, thereby accelerating what-if calls. We study its complexity and ability to maintain high index quality. We perform an extensive evaluation over industry benchmarks and real-world customer workloads, which shows that Wred results in a 3x median speedup in tuning efficiency over an industrial-strength state-of-the-art index advisor, with only a 3.7% median loss in improvement---where improvement is the total workload cost as estimated by the query optimizer---and results in up to 24.7x speedup with 1.8% improvement loss. Furthermore, combining Wred and Isum (a state-of-the-art workload compression technique for index tuning) results in higher speedups than either of the two techniques alone, with 10.5x median speedup and 5% median improvement loss.