Relevant bibliographies by topics / Work Summation

Academic literature on the topic 'Work Summation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Work Summation"

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Salles, Rafael S., Maise N. S. Silva, and Paulo F. Ribeiro. "Observations on Harmonics Summation in Transmission Systems: Alternative Aggregation Estimation." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (November 3, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5313417.

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The aggregation of harmonic components from different sources is one of the critical and challenging assessments in electric power systems. Harmonic summation analysis and estimation is not a simple task since there will be variations because of the grid complexity, nonlinear sources, and unpredictable behaviour of harmonic currents that affect the results. An evaluation of harmonic summation using alternative methods to calculate the harmonic composition at any network point is suggested. A typical arrangement of transmission grids was modelled and used to simulate the results. This paper aims to highlight the results obtained by these alternative methods of harmonic summation and show the role of this type of analysis in transmission systems planning. The contributions are (a) illustrate how alternative methods of harmonic summation can be applied to investigate harmonic aggregation from different sources; (b) provide a case study that also discusses the harmonic aggregation effects with different locations of sources and component phase angle shifting; (c) show comparison and correlation between those alternative summations calculations with a standardized and firmly adopted method (proposed by IEC 61000-3-6). The software MATLAB/Simulink performs simulation and analysis. Finally, the work discusses the findings.
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Perreault, Eric J., Scott J. Day, Manuel Hulliger, C. J. Heckman, and Thomas G. Sandercock. "Summation of Forces From Multiple Motor Units in the Cat Soleus Muscle." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00168.2002.

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Nearly all muscle models and most motor control concepts assume that forces from individual muscle fibers and motor units sum in an additive manner once effects of in-series tendon compliance are taken into account. Due to the numerous mechanical linkages between individual fibers, though, it is unclear whether this assumption is warranted. This work examined motor unit force summation over a wide range of muscle forces in the cat soleus. Nonadditive summation implies a nonlinear summation of motor unit forces. Summation nonlinearities were quantified during interactions of 10 individual motor units and 4 motor unit bundles containing approximately 10 units each. These protocols allowed motor unit force summation to be examined from approximately 0 to 25% of tetanic muscle force. Nonlinear summation was assessed by comparing the actual forces to the algebraic sum of individual units and bundles stimulated in isolation. Superadditive summation meant that the actual force exceeded the algebraic sum, whereas subadditive summation meant that the actual force was smaller than the algebraic sum. Experiments tested the hypothesis that superadditive summation occurs at low force levels when few motor units are recruited, whereas subadditive summation prevails above 10% of tetanic force. Results were consistent with this hypothesis. As in previous studies, nonlinear summation in the soleus was modest, but a clear transition from predominately superadditive to predominantly subadditive summation occurred in the range of 6–8% of tetanic force. The largest nonlinearities were transient and appeared at the onset of recruitment and derecruitment of groups of motor units. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanical properties of the connective tissue forming the tendon and linking muscle fibers.
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Chagas, Jocemar Q., José A. Tenreiro Machado, and António M. Lopes. "Overview in Summabilities: Summation Methods for Divergent Series, Ramanujan Summation and Fractional Finite Sums." Mathematics 9, no. 22 (November 20, 2021): 2963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9222963.

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This work presents an overview of the summability of divergent series and fractional finite sums, including their connections. Several summation methods listed, including the smoothed sum, permit obtaining an algebraic constant related to a divergent series. The first goal is to revisit the discussion about the existence of an algebraic constant related to a divergent series, which does not contradict the divergence of the series in the classical sense. The well-known Euler–Maclaurin summation formula is presented as an important tool. Throughout a systematic discussion, we seek to promote the Ramanujan summation method for divergent series and the methods recently developed for fractional finite sums.
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McKeon, D. G. C. "Renormalization group summation with heavy fields." Canadian Journal of Physics 96, no. 11 (November 2018): 1205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0920.

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The summation of logarithmic contributions to perturbative radiative corrections in physical processes through use of the renormalization group equation has proved to be a useful way of enhancing the information one can obtain from explicit calculation. However, it has proved difficult to perform this summation when massive fields are present. In this work we point out that if the masses involved are quite large, the decoupling theorem of Symanzik and of Appelquist and Carazzone can be used to make the summation of logarithms possible.
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Chen, William Y. C., Qing-Hu Hou, and Yan-Ping Mu. "Non-Terminating Basic Hypergeometric Series and the q-Zeilberger Algorithm." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 51, no. 3 (October 2008): 609–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091506001313.

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AbstractWe present a systematic method for proving non-terminating basic hypergeometric identities. Assume that k is the summation index. By setting a parameter x to xqn, we may find a recurrence relation of the summation by using the q-Zeilberger algorithm. This method applies to almost all non-terminating basic hypergeometric summation formulae in the work of Gasper and Rahman. Furthermore, by comparing the recursions and the limit values, we may verify many classical transformation formulae, including the Sears–Carlitz transformation, transformations of the very well-poised 8φ7 series, the Rogers–Fine identity and the limiting case of Watson's formula that implies the Rogers–Ramanujan identities.
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Vyas, Yashoverdhan, Hari M. Srivastava, Shivani Pathak, and Kalpana Fatawat. "General Summation Formulas Contiguous to the q-Kummer Summation Theorems and Their Applications." Symmetry 13, no. 6 (June 21, 2021): 1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13061102.

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This paper provides three classes of q-summation formulas in the form of general contiguous extensions of the first q-Kummer summation theorem. Their derivations are presented by using three methods, which are along the lines of the three types of well-known proofs of the q-Kummer summation theorem with a key role of the q-binomial theorem. In addition to the q-binomial theorem, the first proof makes use of Thomae’s q-integral representation and the second proof needs Heine’s transformation. Whereas the third proof utilizes only the q-binomial theorem. Subsequently, the applications of these summation formulas in obtaining the general contiguous extensions of the second and the third q-Kummer summation theorems are also presented. Furthermore, the investigated results are specialized to give many of the known as well as presumably new q-summation theorems, which are contiguous to the three q-Kummer summation theorems. This work is motivated by the observation that the basic (or q-) series and basic (or q-) polynomials, especially the basic (or q-) gamma and q-hypergeometric functions and basic (or q-) hypergeometric polynomials, are applicable particularly in several diverse areas including Number Theory, Theory of Partitions and Combinatorial Analysis as well as in the study of Combinatorial Generating Functions. Just as it is known in the theory of the Gauss, Kummer (or confluent), Clausen and the generalized hypergeometric functions, the parameters in the corresponding basic or quantum (or q-) hypergeometric functions are symmetric in the sense that they remain invariant when the order of the p numerator parameters or when the order of the q denominator parameters is arbitrarily changed. A case has therefore been made for the symmetry possessed not only by hypergeometric functions and basic or quantum (or q-) hypergeometric functions, which are studied in this paper, but also by the symmetric quantum calculus itself.
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Yang, Bicheng, Shanhe Wu, and Xingshou Huang. "A Reverse Hardy–Hilbert’s Inequality Containing Multiple Parameters and One Partial Sum." Mathematics 10, no. 13 (July 5, 2022): 2362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10132362.

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In this work, by introducing multiple parameters and utilizing the Euler–Maclaurin summation formula and Abel’s partial summation formula, we first establish a reverse Hardy–Hilbert’s inequality containing one partial sum as the terms of double series. Then, based on the newly proposed inequality, we characterize the equivalent conditions of the best possible constant factor associated with several parameters. At the end of the paper, we illustrate that more new inequalities can be generated from the special cases of the reverse Hardy–Hilbert’s inequality.
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Dryfoos, Joy G. "Adolescents at risk: A summation of work in the field—Programs and policies." Journal of Adolescent Health 12, no. 8 (December 1991): 630–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1054-139x(91)90011-l.

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Rasedee, Ahmad, Abdumalik Rakhimov, and Anvarjon Akhmedov. "Summation by Riesz means of the Fourier-Laplace series." Filomat 32, no. 3 (2018): 837–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1803837r.

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In this work, weinvestigate conditions for summability of the Fourier-Laplace series of integrable functions by Riesz means. The kernel of Riesz means is estimated through comparison with the Cesaro means. Properties of D and D* points are required in obtaining this estimation.
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Koepf, Wolfram, Insuk Kim, and Arjun K. Rathie. "On a New Class of Laplace-Type Integrals Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Functions." Axioms 8, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms8030087.

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In the theory of generalized hypergeometric functions, classical summation theorems for the series 2 F 1 , 3 F 2 , 4 F 3 , 5 F 4 and 7 F 6 play a key role. Very recently, Masjed-Jamei and Koepf established generalizations of the above-mentioned summation theorems. Inspired by their work, the main objective of the paper is to provide a new class of Laplace-type integrals involving generalized hypergeometric functions p F p for p = 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 and 7 in the most general forms. Several new and known cases have also been obtained as special cases of our main findings.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Work Summation"

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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. "Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.

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With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. "Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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Eriksson, Elisabeth. "Att döma framåtsyftande : En problematisering av bedömningsbegreppet i aktuell svensk och anglosaxisk forskning." Thesis, University of Gävle, University of Gävle, Department of Education and Psychology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4570.

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Bedömning inom skolan är något komplext och bedömningsbegrepp likaså, hur de definieras, tolkas och används. Hur bedömning förmedlas till en elev är av stor betydelse för det fortsatta lärandet. Rätt utformad kan denna förmedling resultera i ett ökat engagemang hos eleven och en förbättring av elevens lärande. Behovet av att förstå bedömningsprocesser och olika former av bedömning är idag högaktuellt inom svensk grundskola i och med att landets skolor och rektorer givits i uppdrag att utforma skriftliga omdömen från skolår 1. Även om det gått snart ett år sedan uppdraget gavs är det i kontakter med lärare och rektorer tydligt att utformandet av skriftliga omdömen i många fall är en process som är långt ifrån klar. För att kunna utforma dessa omdömen på tillfredsställande sätt behövs djupare kunskaper om bedömningsbegrepp.

 

Denna studie är en forskningsöversikt, en analytisk undersökning av aktuell forskning kring bedömningsbegreppet. I översikten problematiseras bedömningsbegreppet inom skolans värld för att tydliggöra hur olika former av bedömning definieras och används inom svensk och anglosaxisk forskning. Undersökningen omfattar 48 källor, varav 27 svenska. Dessa har analyserats genom en studie av definitioner, argument, formuleringar, författarnas perspektiv och eventuella personliga ställningstaganden, samt om de är att betrakta som problematiserande eller enbart konstaterande.

 

Resultatet visar att det inom den anglosaxiska forskningen, som dominerar den internationella forskningen kring bedömning, finns en betydligt högre grad av problematisering och diskussion kring bedömningsbegrepp än inom svensk forskning. Inom svensk forskning är det istället lätt att tro att det råder konsensus i hur man tolkar och förstår bedömningsbegrepp. Denna villfarelse skapas av en brist på definitioner och en avsaknad av diskussioner kring begrepp. Istället problematiseras summativ bedömning i form av betyg utifrån frågan om likvärdighet, en diskussion som saknas i anglosaxisk forskning.

 

Vid en jämförelse av svensk och anglosaxisk forskning kring bedömning framträder en tydlig skillnad i fokus, även om svensk forskning börjar närma sig ett anglosaxiskt perspektiv. Detta genom att inta ett övergripande perspektiv på bedömning istället för att se formativ och summativ bedömning som separata företeelser. Att tala övergripande i termer av kunskapsbedömning innebär dock inte att svårigheterna för bedömning att uppfylla kraven för att tillskrivas såväl formativ som summativ karaktär försvinner Detta är något som den anglosaxiska forskningen tydligt vittnar om.

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Tidevall, Karin. "Vilka faktorer påverkar lärares möjlighet att arbeta med formativ bedömning? : Which factors affect teachers' possibilities to work with formative assessment?" Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-42381.

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Trots att flera forskare påvisat stora födelar med formativ bedömning har det visat sig svårt att genomföra i praktiken. I ett fåtal länder, som Storbritannien, Nya Zeeland och Uruguay, är formativ bedömning ett uttalat krav i styrdokumenten. Denna studie fokuserar på hur lärare i Uruguay bedömer formativt och vilka faktorer de anser påverkar möjligheten till formativ bedömning. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med tio lärare med olika yrkeserfarenhet och utbildning. Samtliga tio intervjuade lärare bedömer formativt. Sju lärare är medvetna om den formativa bedömningen och använder olika metoder för att underlätta den (explicit formativ bedömning). Tre lärare är inte medvetna om den formativa bedömningen men bedömer ändå till viss del formativt (implicit formativ bedömning). Det som skiljer lärare som bedömer explicit formativt från de som bedömer implicit formativt är deras yrkeslivserfarenhet och utbildning. Några andra faktorer som lärarna anser påverkar den formativa bedömningen är skolbyten, antal arbetstimmar och summativa prov. Resultaten tyder på att utbildning av lärare är en viktig faktor om man vill implementera formativ bedömning i större utsträckning.

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Nordman, Pernilla. "Barns bildspråkliga utveckling i ett lärarperspektiv : En studie kring bildlärares syn på barns bildspråkliga utveckling i mellanstadiet i relation till kunskapskraven i bildämnet." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-27813.

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Grann, Joel. "Elevbedömning på lågstadiet : Lärares förhållningssätt till bedömning." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för språkstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-132446.

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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur lärare förhåller sig till bedömning av läsförståelse i grundskolans tidigare år 1-3 då inte betygsättning är ett faktum, men bedömning av eleverna är i stor prioritet. Att bedöma elever utifrån kunskap är ifrågasatt av många lärare som tycker att bedömningsunderlagen som finns idag bör utvecklas utifrån hur skolan ser ut idag. Vilka bedömningsunderlag används och hur används de av lärare som arbetar i lågstadiet och bedömer eleverna? Lärarens förhållningssätt och syn på bedömningsunderlagen som finns kommer att diskuteras tillsammans med andra frågor.
The purpose of this study is to examine how teachers relate to the assessment of reading comprehension in primary school in Sweden. Teachers won’t rate pupils with grades, but the assessment of the pupils are in high priority. To assess/grade students based on knowledge is questioned by many teachers who think that the assessment metods available today should be developed on the basis of how the school works today. The teacher's attitude and approach to assessment methods means alot for how it’s used, which are to be discussed along with other issues.
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Lindborg, Marcus. "Ett prov är ett prov, eller? : Biologilärares användning av skriftliga prov som en del av undervisningen." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-32380.

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Syftet med studien har varit att skapa ytterligare förståelse för lärares användning av skriftliga prov som en del av biologiundervisningen, framförallt för att se vad som påverkar att de använder skriftliga prov och om de har andra syften än rent summativa. Tidigare studier har framförallt fokuserat på andra NO-ämnen och då främst provkonstruktion. Studien genomfördes som en webbaserad enkätstudie, som analyserades både kvantitativt och kvalitativt. Resultaten visar att lärare i biologi fortfarande använder skriftliga prov som ett summativt verktyg. Skriftliga prov står för över 50 % av det samlade betygsunderlaget och återspeglar lärares attityder till biologiämnet. Men skriftliga prov används även i undervisningen som tillfällen att träna inför eventuella nationella prov i biologi. Lärare ser det även som en möjlighet att föra elevernas lärande framåt genom att använda den formativa strategin framåtsyftande återkoppling. Av de faktorer som påverkar valet av skriftliga prov är majoriteten sådana som står utanför lärarens kontroll. Exempel på sådana faktorer är pedagogiska, som kravet på allsidigt betygsunderlag, elevrelaterade, som lärares uppfattningar om elevernas motivation, samt administrativa, att de är ett verktyg för att nå många elever samtidigt.
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Lagerstedt, Elin. "(O)lika för alla : En undersökning om likvärdigheten i bedömningen av det nationella provets skriftliga del i engelska 6." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-24647.

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Syftet med denna studie har varit att ur ett likvärdighetsperspektiv undersöka den summativa bedömningen av det nationella provets skriftliga delprov i engelska 6. Fem lärare med olika lång erfarenhet av undervisning och bedömning i engelska har fått ge ett betyg på samma fem elevtexter. Texterna skrevs av elever i årskurs två på gymnasiet utifrån instruktioner till ett exempel på hur en uppgift i Focus: Writing kan se ut. Det analyserade resultatet har visat att lärarnas summativa bedömningar inte kan ses som vare sig valida eller reliabla; rätt saker, men nödvändigtvis inte tillräckligt har bedömts; det är inte heller säkert att en eventuell återkoppling hade främjat elevernas fortsätta lärande; bedömningarna skiljer sig slutligen också orimligt mycket lärarna emellan. Nationella proven kan i det här fallet därmed inte heller ses som en garanti för likvärdiga bedömningar. Orsaker till detta kan tänkas vara olik yrkeserfarenhet; arbetsplats och elevunderlag; ämneskompetens samt det sätt på vilket kunskapskraven och bedömningsanvisningarna är formulerade.
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Books on the topic "Work Summation"

1

Lief, Michael S. And the walls came tumbling down: Closing arguments that changed the way we live, from protecting free speech to winning women's suffrage to defending the right to die. New York: Scribner, 2004.

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M, Caldwell Harry, ed. And the walls came tumbling down: Closing arguments that changed the way we live, from protecting free speech to winning women's suffrage to defending the right to die. New York: Scribner, 2004.

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Severianus, Julius. Iiulii Severiani Praecepta artis rhetoricae: Summatim collecta de multis ac syntomata. Bologna: Pàtron, 1995.

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Mike, Lief, and Caldwell H. Mitchell, eds. Ladies and gentlemen of the jury: Greatest closing arguments in modern law. London: Simon & Schuster, 2000.

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Allen, Tammy D., and Lillian T. Eby. Advancing Work–Family Research and Practice. Edited by Tammy D. Allen and Lillian T. Eby. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199337538.013.36.

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In this final chapter we offer a summation of some of the major themes contained in this volume with regard to future research needs, including a discussion of work–family theory building, the role of gender in the work–family interface, the diversity of the modern family, family supportive organizational policies and practices, and work-family intervention research. We move beyond summation and review by offering specific new ideas for moving work–family scholarship forward. In doing so we highlight the importance of investing in work–family initiatives that enrich employee lives as well as those that benefit families, organizations, and society at large.
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Clarke, Henry. Supplement to Professor Lorgna's Summation of Series. To Which are Added, Remarks on Mr. Landen's Observations on the Same Subject. By the Translator of the Above Work, Henry Clarke. Gale Ecco, Print Editions, 2018.

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Moran, Richard. On Frankfurt’s The Reasons of Love. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190633776.003.0009.

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Frankfurt’s 2004 book is a summation of several of the central themes of his philosophical work of the past twenty years: the idea of caring about something as central to the problem of identification, wholeheartedness and the problem of ambivalence, the relation between love, volitional necessity and freedom, and the importance of “final ends” in providing unity to what would otherwise remain inchoate or discontinuous in one’s life and will. This paper critically examines the role that unity and coherence plays in Frankfurt’s vision, and his case against ambivalence, in particular the comparison between division in the will and incoherence in one’s beliefs.
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Zinn-Justin, Jean. From Random Walks to Random Matrices. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787754.001.0001.

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Theoretical physics is a cornerstone of modern physics and provides a foundation for all modern quantitative science. It aims to describe all natural phenomena using mathematical theories and models and, in consequence, develops our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe. This book offers an overview of major areas covering the recent developments in modern theoretical physics. Each chapter introduces a new key topic, and develops the discussion in a self-contained manner. At the same time, the selected topics have common themes running throughout the book, which connect the independent discussions. The main themes—renormalization group, fixed points, universality and continuum limit—open and conclude the work. Other important and related themes are path integrals and field integrals, effective field theories, gauge theories, the mathematical structure at the basis of the interactions in fundamental particle physics, including quantization problems and anomalies, stochastic dynamical equations and summation of perturbative series.
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How Science Works: Formative and Summative Assessment Support Pack. Pearson Education, Limited, 2008.

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And the Walls Came Tumbling Down: Greatest Closing Arguments Protecting Civil Liberties. Scribner, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Work Summation"

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Tikhomirov, V. M. "On the Possibility of a General Definition of Derivative, Integral and Summation of Divergent Series." In Selected Works of A. N. Kolmogorov, 33–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3030-1_7.

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Korkmaz-Yaylagul, Nilufer, and Ahmet Melik Bas. "Homelessness Trends in Ageing Literature in the Context of Domains of Social Exclusion." In International Perspectives on Aging, 339–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_26.

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AbstractHomelessness in later life is closely related to social exclusion and can cause further disadvantages in later life. This chapter explores the relationship between studies on older adult homelessness and the domains of social exclusion. A structure review process, in the form of a summative content analysis and a social network analysis, of all geriatrics and gerontology journals published in English was conducted. This review led to the identification of 59 articles on homelessness in older age as the research sample for this chapter. The patterns that emerged from summative content analysis and the social network analysis are visualised using GEPHI software. Our findings reveal the multidimensional aspects of old-age exclusion in the homelessness literature, and how homelessness can be a significant determinant of interrelated sets of disadvantages. Exclusion from services, amenities, and mobility and community and neighbourhood, and material and financial resources are the domains represented most in homelessness studies in the ageing literature. However, civic participation and socio-cultural aspects of social exclusion were partly ignored within this body of work.
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Hickey, Daniel T., Tripp Harris, and Hyejeong Lee. "Dimensions of Assessment in Online and Open Education in Terms of Purpose, Function and Theory." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 1–14. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0351-9_80-1.

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AbstractThis chapter considers the assessment of learning in open, distance, and digital education. To add new insights to the extensive body of relevant prior research literature, the chapter uses two “dimensions” of assessment to summarize and extend this work. The first dimension is assessment function. This includes traditional summative functions (“assessment of learning”), modern formative functions (“for learning”), and contemporary transformative functions (“as learning”). This also includes recently introduced conformative functions (“as compliance”) and deformative functions (“as sabotage”). The second dimension is theory of learning. This includes differential, cognitive-associationist, cognitive-constructivist, and situative/sociocultural theories. This chapter pays particular attention to how these dimensions interact with each other in complex (and often unanticipated) ways, and briefly considers how they interact with two other dimensions (item format and assessment level, as elaborated elsewhere) in open, distance, and digital education.
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Hickey, Daniel T., Tripp Harris, and Hyejeong Lee. "Dimensions of Assessment in Online and Open Education in Terms of Purpose, Function and Theory." In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education, 1325–38. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_80.

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AbstractThis chapter considers the assessment of learning in open, distance, and digital education. To add new insights to the extensive body of relevant prior research literature, the chapter uses two “dimensions” of assessment to summarize and extend this work. The first dimension is assessment function. This includes traditional summative functions (“assessment of learning”), modern formative functions (“for learning”), and contemporary transformative functions (“as learning”). This also includes recently introduced conformative functions (“as compliance”) and deformative functions (“as sabotage”). The second dimension is theory of learning. This includes differential, cognitive-associationist, cognitive-constructivist, and situative/sociocultural theories. This chapter pays particular attention to how these dimensions interact with each other in complex (and often unanticipated) ways, and briefly considers how they interact with two other dimensions (item format and assessment level, as elaborated elsewhere) in open, distance, and digital education.
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Sugi, Haruo. "Reminiscences of My Early Work: I. Summation of Force Responses in Muscle." In Mysteries in Muscle Contraction, 189–201. Pan Stanford, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22329-12.

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Bick, Sally. "Epilogue." In Unsettled Scores, 159–62. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042812.003.0006.

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The conclusion presents a summation of Copland’s and Eisler’s political music and their contributions in both their writings and their film scores to the history of the Hollywood industry and American music and film scores. As modernist composers and outsiders to Hollywood, they were able simultaneously to challenge and assimilate Hollywood’s expectations while producing work that coincided with their own political agendas.
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Hughey, Matthew W., and Emma González-Lesser. "The “Labor” of Racialized Media." In Racialized Media, 1–18. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479811076.003.0001.

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In this chapter, the authors, first, outline the need to understand race and media (and their intersection); second, advocate for both media and racial “literacy”; and third, justify this book’s use of—and inspiration from—the pioneering work of the Birmingham Center for Contemporary Cultural Studies in general and the specific contributions toward understanding race and media from the sociologist and media studies scholar Stuart Hall. The authors then conclude with an overview of the book’s content and a summation on why scholarship on race and media continues to matter in our contemporary moment.
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O'Donnell, Angela Alaimo. "The Failure and Promise of Communion." In Radical Ambivalence, 125–44. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823288243.003.0006.

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Chapter 5, “The Failure and Promise of Communion,” explores the theme of thwarted communion between the races that pervades O’Connor’s correspondence and fiction. Her relentless interest in portraying the failure and the hope of such communion is evident in “The Enduring Chill” and in her novel The Violent Bear It Away, as well as in other stories. The chapter concludes with a brief summation of the primary findings of the study as a whole and argues that O’Connor’s race-haunted work is a record of her commitment to trying to understand the complexity of the relationship between the races and to convey it faithfully.
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Kolker, Robert P., and Nathan Abrams. "Epilogue." In Eyes Wide Shut, 185–94. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678029.003.0009.

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The epilogue considers how Eyes Wide Shut fits within modernist aesthetics, the European art film genre, and how it incorporates film history into its form and content. The film is not only a summation of Kubrick’s own work, but of his thinking about film in general. Full of allusions to other filmmakers, acknowledging their influence, giving a nod to his colleagues and friends. Kubrick has been called the last of the high modernists and he proves this through his concentration on the formal elements of his art as well as its allusive nature. Eyes Wide Shut is not an isolated phenomenon. No film is. Kubrick absorbed film like a sponge; he knew its history and he had his favorites.
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Smith, Steven C. "Coda." In Music by Max Steiner, 395–408. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623272.003.0026.

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Steiner was devastated by his son’s death. He was also now legally blind. But the ever-loyal Delmer Daves convinced Steiner to score his latest film—even though Max could not see it. The joy of composition revitalized Steiner, who would regain much of his sight via successful operations. More scoring projects followed; but by 1965, the 77-year-old was ailing and unable to find work. Steiner’s last years were ones of reluctant retirement, mentorship, and tribute—including a celebration of his work on the 1968 Academy Awards. This biography concludes with a summation of Steiner’s legacy. Not only is he the single most important figure in film music history, thanks to his pioneering development of the scoring process, his gift for intensifying emotion and character psychology through memorable themes, innovative orchestration, and other devices produced scores that remain essential components of many of the greatest films ever made.
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Conference papers on the topic "Work Summation"

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Honjo, Ryutaro, and Seiichiro Katsura. "Rubbing motion reproduction method in work space by considering summation of contact force." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmech.2015.7084026.

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Sepehri, A., and K. Farhang. "Three Dimensional Elastic-Plastic Contact of Nominally Flat Rough Surfaces: Approximate Closed-Form Equations." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44375.

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Approximate closed-form (closure) equations governing the shoulder-shoulder contact of asperities are derived based on a generalization of Chang, Etsion and Bogy (CEB). The work entails the consideration of asperity shoulder-shoulder contact in which volume conservation is assumed in the plastic flow regime. Shoulder-shoulder asperity contact gives rise to a slanted contact force comprising tangential and normal components. Each force component comprises elastic and elastic-plastic terms, which upon statistical summation yields the force component for the elastic and elastic-plastic force for the contact of two rough surfaces. Half-plane tangential force due to elastic-plastic contact is derived through the statistical summation of tangential force component along an arbitrary tangential direction. Two sets of closure equations are found. In the first set of equations the functional forms are simpler and provide approximation of contact force to within nine percent (9%). The second set of closure equations are closed form equations of more complicated form but with accuracy to within 0.2 percent (0.2%).
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Skonnikov, Petr Nikolaevich. "Comparative Analysis of Image Fusion Techniques." In 32nd International Conference on Computer Graphics and Vision. Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20948/graphicon-2022-449-454.

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The relevance of multispectral image fusion problem during search and rescue operations is shown. Well-known algorithms for multispectral image fusion are considered and implemented. The comparison involved algorithms based on averaging, maximum method, analysis of low and high frequency components, assessment of information content, addition of differences, extraction of local contrasts, Laplace pyramid, wavelet transform, principal component analysis, 3D low pass filter, power transformation, tv channel priority, Pytyev morphology, diffuse morphology and local weighting summation. Based on publicly available multispectral image datasets, a combined database to compare the algorithms considered including 496 pairs of images has been compiled. The results of image fusion using the considered algorithms are obtained. The aim of the work is to compare well-known image fusion algorithms in terms of objective quality metric. The comparison of fusion results was carried out according to combined quality metric. Based on comparison results, the authors concluded that the best values of combined quality metric for multispectral image fusion are provided by the algorithms based on local weight summation, principal component analysis and Laplace pyramid.
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Johnson, Chris A., E. J. Casson, and Masahiro Osako. "Differences in detection of stationary and moving targets in optic neuritis." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tuf2.

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In some optic neuritis (ON) patients, the relative sensitivity loss for stationary versus moving targets (statokinetic dissociation, or SKD) has been attributed to selective losses of mechanisms sensitive to low temporal frequency modulation. Our work suggests that ON patients exhibiting SKD show relatively good sensitivity to moving targets over a range of angular velocities (1-8°/s) despite substantial losses in flicker sensitivity at all frequencies (2-20 Hz). This finding is based on a comparison of the results of automated static, kinetic, and flicker perimetry in ON patients with SKD. In many cases, severely reduced sensitivity to flicker occurred within the region where moving targets were readily detected. Because the apparent superiority of motion sensitivity can occur in spite of large losses in flicker sensitivity, the former maybe based on spatial, rather than temporal, abnormalities. This abnormal spatial summation was confirmed by comparing static perimetry results for size III (0.43°) and size V (1.72°) targets. Thus, both temporal and spatial abnormalities are present in ON patients with SKD. Contrary to previous hypotheses, SKD does not appear to be based on a selective loss of mechanisms sensitive to low temporal frequency modulation. Spatial summation abnormalities may form the primary component underlying SKD.
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Udie, Celestine, Fina Faithpraise, and Agnes Anuka. "Enhanced Oil Recovery Improvement Using Augmented Waterflooding to Induce Fluids Flow Orientation in a Reservoir." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207108-ms.

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Abstract The objective is to design a control agent that will induce fluids flow orientation in a reservoir. The specific objectives are to delineate the minimum volumetric rate of the injecting fluid that will orient and control reservoir fluids flow rate and the recovery efficiency. Next estimate the maximum flooding injection rate for high oil recovery and finally predict reservoir fluids recovery efficiency. This work estimates the minimum volumetric rate of the injecting displacing fluid that will displace and control reservoir fluids flow rate and efficiency using mobility ratio. Next it estimates the maximum injection rate of the displacing agent that will recover high oil using summation of the reservoir thickness. Finally, it predicts reservoir fluids flow rates and cumulative oil recovery using unit floodable pore volume and the daily or yearly floodable volume. A cash flow model is used here to describe and compare the revenue (Recovery bill) and the costs (Capex and Opex). The result shows that it is possible to attain a floodable volumetric sweep efficiency of 70% with a corresponding recovery factor of 66% and a floodable volumetric sweep efficiency of 80 with a corresponding recovery factor of 72%, compared to scenario - C(Oil reservoir producing under water-drive and gas injection) where recovery factor is possibly 25 to 40%. Both recovery efficiency/factor depend on the summation of the volumetric floodable ratio. The novelty in this work is the development of a control agent which can increase recovery factor from 40% to 66% or 72%
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Phan, Hien M., and Li He. "Efficient Steady and Unsteady Flow Modeling for Arbitrarily Mis-Staggered Bladerow Under Influence of Inlet Distortion." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-16204.

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Abstract Accurate and efficient predictions of the steady and unsteady flow responses due to the blade-to-blade variation as well as due to the non-axisymmetric inlet distortion have been continually pursued. Computation of two problems concurrently has been rarely done in the past partly because of the need to perform whole annulus bladerow simulations, despite the advances in the current state-of-the-art methods with the phaseshift single passage simulations. The current work attempts to deal with this challenge by developing a new computational approach based on the principle of the multiscale method in the framework of a commercial solver (CFX). The methodology formulation relies on summation of the constituent source terms, each of which corresponds to a particular flow perturbation. The source term element corresponding to the blade-to-blade variation effect is linearly superimposed as in the classical Influence Coefficient Method. Only the relative positions between the reference blade and its neighbor matter in this method, thus enables an arbitrarily mis-staggered bladerow to be computed efficiently. In addition, the source term arisen due to the inlet distortion is calculated based on spatial Fourier transform. A key enabler is that the source term can be pre-computed using a small set of identical blade passages. The source term is then propagated to different spatial and temporal locations depending on the combination of the mis-staggering pattern and the inlet distortion. The multiscale treatment makes it possible to predict a high-resolution flow field effects on the base coarse mesh as if the fine mesh is solved, while achieving a computational gain. The source term summation method proposed in the current work has been validated using a uniformly staggered bladerow, and an arbitrarily mis-staggered bladerow in a clean inflow condition as well as that subject to an inlet distortion.
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Fissolo, A., and J. M. Stelmaszyk. "A First Investigation on Cumulative Fatigue Life for a Type 304-L Stainless Steel Used for Pressure Water Reactor." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77156.

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In order to estimate the crack initiation damage, and also the water leakage conditions on PWR pipes, uniaxial fatigue curves are often used. They were deduced from strain or stress load control tests using normalised cylindrical specimens. However, severe thermo-mechanical loading fluctuations are observed in operating conditions. Components may also be submitted to transient loadings. The purpose of the present work is to start investigation on the fatigue life with a variable loading, in order to examine cumulative damage effect in fatigue. In this frame, multilevel strain controlled fatigue tests have been performed on a Type 304-L stainless steel (elaborated in accordance with the RCC-M specifications). The experimental results show that linear Miner’s rule is not verified in our conditions. When the strains are applied in a decreasing order (High-Low strain sequence), the summation of cycle ratios is smaller than unity, whatever the number of applied levels, whereas this summation is higher than one for an increasing order (Low-High strain sequence). A loading sequence effect is clearly evidenced. Different cumulative fatigue damage theories, proposed in literature, have been also tested. Some of them have been given better estimation than the Miner’s rule. That is the case of the so-called “Hybrid Theory” proposed and tested before by Bui Quoc on a Type 304-L steel. Extension of a model proposed by S. Taheri would seem also promising. At this stage, final conclusion cannot be yet deduced, additional investigations are needed.
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Buck, Steven L., and Roger Knight. "Test Additivity of Rod and Cone Signals: the Influence of Boynton, Ikeda and Stiles." In Advances in Color Vision. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acv.1992.fd3.

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One of the early milestones in Bob Boynton's career was his work with Ikeda and Stiles which examined the degree of summation between π mechanisms at threshold (e.g., Boynton, Ikeda, and Stiles, 1964). They made early use of a technique now called the test-additivity procedure, in which thresholds for two test-stimulus wavelengths are compared when they are presented singly versus presented together. Their results show that despite the relative independence of "photoreceptor-based" π mechanisms in other situations, in joint detection of increments, they interact in complicated ways that suggest the action of opponent postreceptoral pathways. In this sense, Boynton, Ikeda, and Stiles link what are now termed "first" and "second" sites.
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Fourati, Najla, Jean-Marie Fougnion, Lionel Rousseau, Patrick Lepeut, Olivier Franc¸ais, Patrick Boutin, Christophe Vedrine, Jean-Jacques Bonnet, Bruno Mercier, and Christine Pernelle. "Surface Acoustic Love Waves Sensor for Chemical and Electrochemical Detection." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95461.

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The present work is an experimental study of shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) miniaturized sensors which offer a high potential for electrochemical applications in liquid environments and in real-time. Our devices consist of a 42° rotYX lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) substrate coated with an SU8 photoresist polymer in order to produce acoustic waveguides supporting a Love–wave. The sensors architecture and fabrication techniques are presented. Standard techniques employing continuous wave system and pulse mode measurements have shown the propagation of both surface skimming bulk waves (SSBW) and leaky SH-SAW (LSAW) on 42°rot YXLiTaO3. A numerical calculation using a simple balanced summation waves model is presented. Taking into account waves reflections and our measured velocity values, the simulation is in accordance with measurement. A copper’s electrodeposition experiment was performed to estimate the sensitivity of SAW devices. The measured sensitivity of 0.38 cm2.g−1 is discussed in the framework of previously published works concerning Love wave devices.
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Kim, Nak Hyun, Yun Jae Kim, Catrin M. Davies, Kamran M. Nikbin, and David W. Dean. "Creep Failure Simulations for 316H at 550°C." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78133.

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In this work a method to simulate failure due to creep is proposed using finite element damage analysis. The creep damage model is based on the creep ductility exhaustion concept. Incremental damage is defined by the ratio of incremental inelastic (plastic & creep) strain and multi-axial ductility. A simple linear damage summation rule is applied. When accumulated damage becomes unity, element stresses are reduced to almost zero to simulate progressive crack growth. The model is validated through comparison with experimental data on various sized compact tension, C(T), specimens of 316H stainless steel at 550 °C. The influence of the inelastic strain rate on the uniaxial ductility is considered. Good agreement is found between the simulated results and the experimental data.
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Reports on the topic "Work Summation"

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Burnett, G. C. Damage Detection and Identification of Finite Element Models Using State-Space Based Signal Processing a Summation of Work Completed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory February 1999 to April 2000. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793960.

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Davis, Cathlyn. Summative Evaluation: UFERN Framework Professional Learning Community. Oregon State University, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/1153.

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The UFERN Framework Professional Learning Community project was funded as a supplement to the existing NSF-funded Undergraduate Field Experiences Research Network (UFERN), which sought to build a vibrant, supportive, and sustainable collaborative network that fostered effective undergraduate field experiences. The goals of the UFERN Framework Professional Learning Community (PLC) supplement were: • To support a small group of field educators in intentional design, implementation and assessment of student-centered undergraduate field experiences in a range of field learning contexts; • To develop effective strategies for supporting undergraduate field educators in using the UFERN Framework as an aid for designing, implementing, and assessing student-centered undergraduate field experience programs; • To assemble vignettes featuring applications of the UFERN Framework in a range of program contexts; and • To expand the community of field educators interested in designing, implementing, and assessing student-centered undergraduate field learning experiences. Sixteen educators participated in the PLC, which targeted participants who taught and facilitated a range of undergraduate field experiences (UFEs) that varied in terms of setting, timing, focus and student population. Due to the COVID pandemic, the originally-planned three-month intensive training took place over nine months (January to October 2021). It consisted of seven video conference sessions (via Zoom) with presentations and homework assignments. It included independent work, as well as guided group discussions with project leaders and other participants, which were supported by online collaborative tools.
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Hoke, Kelly, and Julie Risien. Grounding Institutional Partnerships in Structures for Broader Impact Design: Summative Evaluation Report. Oregon State University, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/osu/1151.

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This report presents summative evaluation results for a National Science Foundation funded project entitled Grounding Institutional Partnerships in Structures for Broader Impacts Design (BID). The project represents a collaboration between five institutions: Institute for Learning Innovation, The STEM Research Center at Oregon State University, Scicenter, University of Washington-Bothell, and University of Wisconsin-Madison. BID aimed at creating an inter-institutional structure and toolkit to assist higher education institutions (HEIs) and informal science education organizations (ISEs) in developing sustainable institutional partnerships through collaboration around the design of informal STEM education-based Broader Impacts (BI) experiences. The project built upon the Portal to the Public (PoP) framework, bringing together research support professionals, STEM education professionals and Principal Investigators at HEIs with practitioners at ISEs (i.e., BID partners) to enhance BI experiences for the public by leveraging human resources through intentional coordination and partnerships. This report addresses the impact of this collective work, serves as a record of the project, and as a resource for future partnerships that support BI.
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Schuck-Zöller, Susanne, Sebastian Bathiany, Markus Dressel, Juliane El Zohbi, Elke Keup-Thiel, Diana Rechid, and Suhari Mirko. Developing criteria of successful processes in co-creative research. A formative evaluation scheme for climate services. Fteval - Austrian Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.541.

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Climate change and its socio-ecological impacts affect all sectors of society. To tackle the multiple risks of climate change the field of climate services evolved during the last decades. In this scientific field products to be applied in practice are developed in constant interaction between climate service providers and users. To judge the effectiveness of these co-creation endeavours, evaluation is crucial. At present, output and outcome assessments are conducted occasionally in this research field. However, the summative evaluation does not help to adjust the ongoing process of co-creation. Thus, our work focuses on the formative evaluation of co-creative development of science-based climate service products. As the first step, main characteristics of the product development process were identified empirically. Secondly, we determined the six sub- processes of climate service product development and related process steps. Thirdly, we selected the questions for the formative evaluation relevant to all the sub-processes and process-steps. Then, a literature review delivered the theoretical background for further work and revealed further quality aspects. These aspects from literature were brought together with our results from the empirical work. In the end, we created a new scheme of quality criteria and related assessment questions for the different sub-processes in climate services, based on both, empirical and theoretical work. As the authors take into account the process of co-production in a real-life case, the criteria and assessment questions proposed are operational and hands-on. The quality aspects refer to the five principles of applicability, theoretical and empirical foundation, professionalism, transparency of processes and the disclosure of preconditions. They are elaborated comprehensively in our study. The resulting formative evalu- ation scheme is novel in climate service science and practice and useful in improving the co-creation processes in climate services and beyond.
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