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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Muth, Annemarie. Allergies sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about allergic disorders, triggers, reactions, and related symptoms, including anaphylaxis ... 2nd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2002.

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2

Kim, Wohlenhaus, ed. Asthma information for teens: Health tips about managing asthma and related concerns including facts about asthma causes, triggers and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. 2nd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2010.

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3

Wohlenhaus, Kim. Asthma information for teens: Health tips about managing asthma and related concerns including facts about asthma causes, triggers and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. 2nd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2010.

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4

Sutton, Amy L. Stress-related disorders sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about stress and stress-related disorders, including signs, symptoms, types, and sources of acute and chronic stress, the impact of stress on the body, and mental health problems associated with stress, such as depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance abuse, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicide; along with advice about getting help for stress-related disorders, managing stress and coping with trauma, a glossary of stress-related terms, and a directory of resources for additional help and information. 3rd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, Inc., 2011.

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5

Stress-related disorders sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about stress and stress-related disorders, including signs, symptoms, types, and sources of acute and chronic stress, the impact of stress on the body, and mental health problems associated with stress, such as depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, substance abuse, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicide; along with advice about getting help for stress-related disorders, managing stress and coping with trauma, a glossary of stress-related terms, and a directory of resources for additional help and information. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, Inc., 2015.

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6

Allergies sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about the immune system and allergic disorders, including rhinitis (hay fever), sinusitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and anaphylaxis, and allergy triggers such as pollen, mold, dust mites, animal dander, chemicals, foods and additives, and medications; along with facts about allergy diagnosis and treatment, tips on avoiding triggers and preventing symptoms, a glossary of related terms, and directories of resources for additional help. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, Inc., 2016.

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7

Allergies sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about the immune system and allergic disorders, including rhinitis (hay fever), sinusitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and anaphylaxis, and allergy triggers such as pollen, mold, dust mites, animal dander, chemicals, foods and additives, and medications ; along with facts about allergy diagnosis and treatment, tips on avoiding triggers and preventing symptoms, a glossary of related terms, and directories of resources for additional help and information. 4th ed. Detroit: Omnigraphics, 2011.

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8

Laura, Larsen, ed. Sexually transmitted diseases sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about the symptoms and treatment of chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis, herpes, HIV/Aids, human papillomavirus (HPV), pelvic inflammatory disease, syphilis, trichomoniasis, vaginal infections, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including recent facts about prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention; along with tips on discussing and living with STDs, updates on current research and vaccines, a glossary of related terms, and resources for additional help and information. 4th ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, Inc., 2009.

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9

Obadia, Maya. Work-related asthma symptoms among professional cleaners. 2006.

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10

Marcsisin, Michael J., and Jessica M. Gannon. History and Phenomenology of Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199331505.003.0001.

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Psychosis has probably affected humans since the start of humanity itself, although the construct of schizophrenia is a relatively new phenomenon, dating back to the nineteenth century. Work by Emil Kraepelin and Eugen Bleuler helped consolidate ideas about psychotic disorders, setting the stage for both clinical care and neuroscience research in subsequent centuries. Phenomenologically, psychotic symptoms range from “positive” symptoms (delusions, hallucinations), to “negative” symptoms (avolition, affective blunting), to “disorganization” symptoms (disorganized speech and behavior), which all combine to produce functional deficits. Different psychotic disorders have different combinations of symptoms, which can combine with mood and anxiety symptoms to affect functioning problems in unique ways. These symptoms can be recognized fairly reliably in individuals. Understanding the inner experience of psychosis can help improve patient-centered care.
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11

Evaluation of the Risk for Work-Related Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Symptoms in USAF Air Traffic Controllers: A Pilot Feasibility Study. Storming Media, 1997.

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12

Chan, Kin-Sang, Doris M. W. Tse, and Michael M. K. Sham. Dyspnoea and other respiratory symptoms in palliative care. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199656097.003.0082.

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Dyspnoea is prevalent among palliative care patients with increased severity over time. There are two patterns of dyspnoea-breakthrough dyspnoea and constant dyspnoea-and three separate qualities of dyspnoea-air hunger, work or effort, and tightness. The measurement of dyspnoea includes three domains: sensory-perceptual experience, affective distress, and symptom impact. The management of dyspnoea includes specific disease management, non-pharmacological intervention, pharmacological treatment, and palliative non-invasive ventilation. Cough is prevalent and disturbing in patients with cancer and chronic lung diseases, and is often associated with airway hypersecretion and impaired mucociliary clearance. Management includes specific treatments for underlying non-cancer and cancer-related causes, symptomatic treatment by antitussives, mucoactive agents, and airway clearance techniques for expectoration and reduction in mucus production. Anticholinergics may be indicated for death rattles to facilitate a peaceful death. Haemoptysis occurs in 30-60% of lung cancer patients and initial management of haemoptysis includes airway protection and volume resuscitation. Localization of the site and source of bleeding may determine the choice of treatment. If a life-threatening haemoptysis occurs, sedation should be given as soon as possible. Support should be given to the family, and debriefing provided to team members.
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13

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Gregory Thomas MD, Nancy Clark Burton Ph.D., Charles Mueller, Elena Page MD, and Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Comparison of Mold Exposures, Work-related Symptoms, and Visual Contrast Sensitivity between Employees at a Severely Water-damaged School and Employees at a School without Significant Water Damage. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2010.

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14

Wise, Joseph E. Intimacy Versus Isolation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190461508.003.0002.

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This chapter charts the course and history of psychodynamic theoretical thinking as it relates to intimacy, both sexual and affiliative. Theory is considered in light of development, especially Erickson’s developmental stage of intimacy versus isolation. Clinical problems related to the injured patient, including post-traumatic symptoms, symptoms as a result of physical injury, and psychological response to physical injury, are discussed. A case example of a physically injured patient with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is considered in order to demonstrate how theory applies to clinical work. The case addresses intimacy in light of PTSD, physical injury, and psychological sequelae of injury.
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15

de Moor, Janet S., Catherine M. Alfano, Erin E. Kent, Lynne Padgett, and Melvin Grimes. Using an Implementation Science Approach to Study and Improve Cancer Survivors’ Employment Outcomes. Edited by David A. Chambers, Wynne E. Norton, and Cynthia A. Vinson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190647421.003.0027.

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A cancer diagnosis and treatment can lead to a broad range of symptoms and side effects that interfere with a survivor’s ability to work. Multilevel and multidisciplinary strategies are needed to support individuals as they co-navigate cancer treatment and work. Cancer rehabilitation is an example of a multidisciplinary approach to care with potential to improve work outcomes among cancer survivors. As illustrated by this case study, a referral to cancer rehabilitation can improve the domains of functioning that are needed for work. However, implementation science is needed to overcome key challenges to integrating rehabilitation into cancer care, including testing different models of care delivery that support routine screening and assessment of cancer-related work limitations and referral for rehabilitation services.
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16

Newman, Jennifer, and Charles R. Marmar. Executive Function in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Edited by Charles B. Nemeroff and Charles R. Marmar. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259440.003.0015.

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This chapter discusses the role of executive function in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is far from fully understood. Deficits are subtle and findings are often inconsistent. Impairments have been related to worsening of psychological symptoms, functioning, and quality of life. They can also negatively impact treatment. Functional imaging shows that neurocognitive deficits in PTSD may be related to an imbalance in brain connectivity, where emotion processing is enhanced and control is reduced. Structural findings show abnormalities in brain regions involved in higher-level functions. However, findings are often discrepant. Factors related to these inconclusive results are considered, including developmental course, premorbid functioning, and comorbidities such as traumatic brain injury, depression, substance use, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, health behaviors, and medical concerns. Treatment implications, limitations of this work, and future directions are presented. The aim of future research is to advance scientific understanding of PTSD, neurocognitive impairments, and related conditions, with the goal of improving outcomes for those who encounter trauma.
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17

BRADHURY, Herbert. Self-Help Techniques That Works for Insomnia and Sleep Problems: Solution to Sleep-Related Cognitions, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms. Independently Published, 2021.

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18

Bienvenu, O. Joseph. Depressive Mood States Following Critical Illness. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0020.

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Patients with critical illnesses treated in intensive care units face severe physical and psychic stresses, and survivors often have financial and other burdens. The prevalence of depressive mood states in survivors varies by measure and follow-up time, but the median prevalence across >30 studies was 28% (mostly measured within a year of critical illness). Severe depressive states (e.g. major depressive episodes) are less common than minor depressive states. Risk factors include female sex, lesser educational attainment, unemployment, and medical and psychiatric comorbidity. Potential critical illness/intensive care-related risk factors include severity of organ failure, high-dose benzodiazepine administration, longer ICU stays, stressful ICU experiences, and early post-intensive care distress. Depressive symptoms in survivors are associated with impaired physical function, other psychiatric morbidity, cognitive and work difficulties, and lower health-related quality of life. Research is needed to evaluate the preventive or therapeutic role of psychological interventions during intensive care and psychological recovery programmes.
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19

Broome, Matthew, Paolo Fusar-Poli, and Philippe Wuyts. Conceptual and Ethical Issues in the Prodromal Phase of Psychosis. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0046.

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Our focus in this chapter is to address some of the philosophical issues that arise in the scientific and clinical study of the prodromal phase of psychosis. We discuss issues from both metaphysics and philosophy of science as we all as those related to phenomenological approaches and clinical ethics. A clear challenge arises in considering how models of a continuum of psychosis and of schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder can be reconciled with a scientific understanding of the prodrome as a discrete constellation of signs and symptoms. Clinical and research work on the prodromal stage of psychosis also highlights ethical concerns. Demarcating a mental disorder and applying therapeutic interventions, based solely on risk estimation, should not be carried out lightly.
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20

Sajgalikova, Katerina, Erik K. St Louis, and Peter Gay. Neuromuscular disorders and sleep. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0030.

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This chapter examines the range of sleep disturbances seen in patients with neuromuscular disorders, particularly emphasizing sleep-related breathing disorders which may be a presenting manifestation of neuromuscular disorders, and which significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality in this patient population. It provides an overview of physiological and pathological alterations in neuromuscular breathing mechanisms and control during sleep. The symptoms and forms of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) seen in specific neuromuscular disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, myopathies, and disorders of neuromuscular junction transmission are reviewed. The chapter concludes with a discussion of management strategies for neuromuscular disorder patients with SDB, which is common in such patients, requiring generalists, neurologists, and sleep physicians to work together toward prompt diagnosis and optimal treatment approaches.
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21

Otgaar, Henry, and Mark L. Howe, eds. Finding the Truth in the Courtroom. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190612016.001.0001.

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The focus of this book is on how legal professionals, legal/forensic psychologists, and memory researchers can decide when statements or identifications are based on truthful or fabricated experiences and whether if fabricated, can we distinguish between lies, deception, and false memories. The ultimate focus is to assemble recent experimental work and case studies in which deception or false memory plays a dominant role. That is, in many criminal trials, forensic technical evidence is lacking and triers of fact must rely on the reliability of eyewitness statements, identifications, and testimony. However, such reports can be riddled with deceptive statements or erroneous recollections. Based on such considerations, the question arises as to how one should weigh such eyewitness accounts given the theoretical and empirical knowledge in this field. Topics discussed are, for example, related to the susceptibility to suggestive pressure (e.g., “Under which circumstances are children or adults the most vulnerable to suggestion?”), the fabrication of symptoms (e.g., “How to detect whether PTSD symptoms are malingered?”), or the detection of deceit (e.g., “Which paradigms are promising in deception detection?”). By using this approach, this book unites diverse streams of research (i.e., deception, malingering, false memory) that are involved in the reliability of eyewitness statements.
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22

Mandal, Swapna, and Joerg Steier. Sleep-disordered breathing in the obese. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0018.

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Sleep-disordered breathing in the obese is not a small problem. Obesity-related sleep-disordered breathing is common and may include sleep apnoea or obesity hypoventilation syndrome. Patients present with symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness, breathlessness, and, in severe cases, hypercapnic respiratory failure. In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased exponentially. Although not exclusively responsible, obesity is directly linked to the development of sleep-disordered breathing due to high resistance in the upper airway, increased work of breathing, and high neural respiratory drive. Obese patients with sleep disorders are complicated with multiple metabolic, cardiovascular, and orthopaedic co-morbidities, frequently presenting at an advanced stage. This chapter reviews a common clinical presentation of an obese patient with a respiratory condition and the difficulties in their management. The chapter explains the complex underlying pathophysiology and the long-term management of these patients, and shows how sleep-disordered breathing may develop as a consequence of obesity.
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23

Karen, Bellenir, ed. Asthma information for teens: Health tips about managing asthma and related concerns including facts about asthma causes, triggers, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2005.

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24

Camfield, David A., and Jerome Sarris. Nutraceutical and Alternative Treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. Edited by Christopher Pittenger. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228163.003.0044.

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This chapter reviews current research regarding nutraceutical substances that have been systematically investigated through either case studies, open-label and/or randomized placebo-controlled trials and found to have some evidence of efficacy in the treatment of obsessive compulsive and related disorders (specifically, trichotillomania, compulsive nail biting, and excoriation). The substances to be considered are myo-inositol, St. John’s wort, milk thistle, borage, glycine, sarcosine, psilocybin, and N-acetylcysteine. A description of each substance is presented, together with relevant biochemistry and interpretation regarding the current evidence of efficacy and safety/tolerability as well as what can be determined about factors that may moderate its efficacy, including OCD symptom severity, and advice in regard to concomitant antidepressant use. Conclusions and recommendations for future research are also presented.
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25

Sullivan, Maria A. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392063.003.0012.

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Addiction in older adults very often goes unrecognized, for several reasons: social biases about the elderly, age-related metabolic changes, and the inappropriate use of prescription benzodiazepines and opioids to address untreated anxiety and mood conditions. Alcohol or substance-use disorders (SUDs) in older individuals may present in subtle and atypical ways. Strategies to overcome such difficulties include systematic screening using validated instruments, patient education regarding the impact of psychoactive substances on health, and cautious prescribing practices. Relying on standard DSM criteria may result in a failure to detect an SUD that presents with cognitive symptoms or physical injury, as well as the absence of work or social consequences. Older individuals can benefit from the application of risk-stratification measures, and they can be referred, e.g., to age-appropriate group therapy and non-confrontational individual therapy focusing on late-life issues of loss and sources of social support, as well as be offered medication management for alcohol or substance use disorder. Although research has been limited in this population, treatment outcomes have been found to be superior in older adults than younger adults.
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26

Mohr, David. The Stress and Mood Management Program for Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195368895.001.0001.

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Multiple Sclerosis presents not only physical challenges, but emotional challenges as well. Many people with MS suffer from depression, anxiety and stress. Problems with mood and stress can interfere with relationships with others, reduce ability to meet obligations at work and at home, and substantially worsen overall quality of life. The stress and mood management program described in this book is backed by research and has proven effective in clinical trials. Based on the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), one of the most effective therapeutic techniques available for combating depression and anxiety, this program can help manage stress and improve well-being. It provides ways to learn skills for identifying and challenging your unhelpful thoughts, as well as how to motivate to reengage in pleasant activities. It also covers treatment modules that can be modified to specific MS-related problems. Choices include modules on managing symptoms like fatigue, pain, and cognitive problems, and improving communication and assertiveness skills, among others. It also provides a module on self-injection anxiety.
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27

McCrea, Michael A., and Lindsay D. Nelson. Effects of Multiple Concussions. Edited by Ruben Echemendia and Grant L. Iverson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199896585.013.10.

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There is growing concern that suffering multiple sport-related concussions may increase an athlete’s risk of cumulative neurocognitive and neurobehavioral impairment. Many concerns have not been well-validated, however, owing to limited samples of repeatedly concussed players. In this article, we review the theoretical risks and current evidence regarding the extent to which repeat concussions impact players’ experience of and recovery following successive injuries. Concussion effects are considered at multiple levels (e.g., self-reported physical and psychiatric symptoms, neuropsychological performance, and neurophysiological measures) across both the acute and chronic phases of recovery. Recommendations for applying findings to injury management decisions are provided. Although repeat concussions appear to have the potential for cumulative neurophysiological burden, a number of factors (e.g., individual risk for experiencing or responding poorly to injury, recovery time between injuries) appear important to explain discrepant findings among studies and to translate general scientific principles into clinical decisions for individual players. Future work that accumulates larger, prospective samples will allow for clearer delineation of the factors that appear important for predicting how recurrent concussions impact individual athletes.
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28

Raymer, Anastasia M., and Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Aphasia and Language Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199772391.001.0001.

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The language and communication impairments that individuals experience following damage to the cerebral cortex vary widely, depending on the extent of involvement and location in the left or right hemisphere. Historically, numerous aphasia syndromes have been described, typically following left hemisphere damage, each with unique characteristics. Other subtle aspects of communication are disrupted in right hemisphere disorders as well. Clinicians who work with individuals with communication disorders recognize patterns of symptoms, administer appropriate assessments, and develop interventions to address the language and communication impairments. Recognized authors from around the world review the extensive literature on the varied aphasia syndromes, acquired dyslexia and dysgraphia, and right hemisphere communication disorders. Starting with a rich historical overview, the book turns to broad perspectives from the World Health Organization model applied in clinical assessment of aphasia. A series of chapters expands on the aphasia syndromes, dyslexia and dysgraphia, and right hemisphere disorders, weaving theoretical perspectives and building neurological foundations that lead to sound clinical approaches to assessment and intervention intended to maximize recovery of language and communication following acquired brain injury. The book ends with a focus on rehabilitation, including prognostic factors at play in aphasia recovery, and principles of neuroplasticity intended to maximize rehabilitation outcomes. Readers will leave with a breadth of information deriving from an extensive overview of the literature on aphasia and related communication disorders.
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29

Ferguson, Robert, and Karen Gillock. Memory and Attention Adaptation Training. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197521571.001.0001.

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Memory and Attention Adaptation Training (MAAT) is a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) designed to help cancer survivors self-manage and mitigate the late and long-term effects of cancer and cancer therapy on memory function. Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a set of mild to moderate memory and attention impairments that can have an adverse influence on quality of life. CRCI symptoms tend to present during active treatment, but for some individuals cognitive changes can persist for years. While the exact prevalence of CRCI is unknown, review of the literature estimates that nearly half of all survivors may experience some form of CRCI. Causes of CRCI are multiple and are the subject of continued research. Chemotherapy, genetic vulnerability, neurovascular damage, inflammation, and hormonal/endocrine disruption have all been identified as candidate mechanisms of persistent cognitive change. Given the multiple causal mechanisms, finding a biomedical treatment for CRCI remains elusive. MAAT was developed as a CBT to help cancer survivors make adaptive behavioral and cognitive changes to improve performance in the valued activities that CRCI hinders. MAAT consists of eight visits and has been designed for administration through telehealth technology, improving access to survivorship care that so many cancer survivors may lack after the time and expense of cancer treatment. Survivors are provided a workbook they can use to work with their clinician and to reinforce learning and adaptive coping. This clinician manual guides the clinician step by step on MAAT administration and provides background on the theoretical underpinnings of CRCI and MAAT.
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30

Steffen, Ann M., Larry W. Thompson, and Dolores Gallagher-Thompson. Treating Later-Life Depression. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190068431.001.0001.

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One of the greatest challenges for providers treating later-life depression is the wide variability of life circumstances that accompany depressive symptoms for clients across outpatient mental health, integrated primary care, and inpatient psychiatric settings. This thoroughly revised Clinician Guide for Treating Later-Life Depression: A Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Approach outlines culturally responsive practices that target the contexts and drivers/antecedents of depression in middle-aged and older adults. Clinicians choose research-supported modules from the accompanying workbook that fit the needs of their clients (i.e., changes in brain health, chronic pain, sleep problems, anxiety, experiences of loss, family caregiving issues). This practical guide reflects continuing international scientific and clinical advances in applying cognitive-behavioral therapy to age-related problems using individual and group formats, with clinician-tested recommendations for telehealth practice. Flexible use of these clinical tools enhances the personalized application of change strategies, including behavioral activation, problem solving, relaxation training, attention to personal strengths and positive emotional experiences, self-compassion, cognitive reappraisal, and communication skills training. Case examples are provided to support the efforts of practitioners from a range of disciplines (e.g., clinical psychology, psychiatry, social work, counseling, marriage and family therapy, nursing, occupational therapy, and recreational specialists). The appendices include aging-friendly assessment tools and other resources to support professional development. Because the practical techniques presented have empirical support accumulated over decades, Treating Later-Life Depression is an indispensable resource for behavioral health providers who wish to effectively and efficiently help diverse aging clients thrive in a daily life that is true to their values and personal strengths.
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31

McAllister, Lesley S. Yoga in the Music Studio. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190915001.001.0001.

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The ancient practice of yoga, which has exploded in popularity in the United States over the past two decades, has the potential to help music students learn to practice more mindfully and reach peak performance more quickly. This book explores how professional musicians and music teachers of all instruments and levels can use yoga postures (asana) and breath work (pranayama) to enhance artistry. It begins with an overview of yoga philosophy and history before delving into principles of movement, alignment, anatomy, and breath. Following a research-oriented chapter illustrating the cognitive, physical, and emotional benefits of yoga, each chapter explores the unique benefits of yoga for a particular population of students, describing specific poses, modifications, sequences, and sample curricula that teachers can immediately implement into private lessons or group classes. Chapter Four describes the developmental benefits of yoga and music education in early childhood and includes a sample eight-week preschool music curriculum. Chapter Five on the adolescent student explains how yoga can alleviate stress related to social and performance anxiety, enhance mindfulness, and increase peer support in a music studio. Chapter Six, for professional musicians and college students, describes how yoga can prevent or alleviate repetitive stress injuries and other physical symptoms. The final chapter offers ideas for appropriate modifications for the retired adult along with a sample eight-week curriculum to combine yoga with Recreational Music Making. Throughout the book, yoga is presented as a tool for reducing physical tension and anxiety while simultaneously improving body awareness, enhancing cognition, and helping music students to achieve peak performance.
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32

Bhise, Vikram, Leigh Charvet, and Lauren B. Krupp. Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0020.

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Fatigue is the most frequent symptom in individuals with multiple sclerosis. Fatigue can be measured with self-report instruments, performance-based measures, or a combination of both. The pathophysiology of fatigue is complicated because it is both intrinsic to the disease and secondary to other disease-related factors. Fatigue has been linked to neuroimaging markers, findings on polysomnography, and experimental test measures of vigilance and attention. Treatment relies primarily on nonpharmacologic interventions including exercise programs, energy conservation, mindfulness, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Most clinical trials with medications have had mixed results. Current research work is focused on improved measurement approaches and innovative treatment strategies.
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33

Allergies sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about allergic disorders, triggers, reactions, and related symptoms, including anaphylaxis, rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma, dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and multiple chemical sensitivity; along with tips on diagnosis, prevention and treatment, statistical data, a glossary, and a directory of sources for further help and information. 2nd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2002.

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34

Breitbart, William S., ed. Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy in the Cancer Setting. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199837229.001.0001.

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There is an evolution taking place regarding the nature and scope of the clinical goals of psychotherapeutic or counseling interventions in the palliative care setting. Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy in the Cancer Setting provides a theoretical context for meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP), a nonpharmacologic intervention that has been shown to enhance meaning and spiritual well-being, increase hope, improve quality of life, and significantly decrease depression, anxiety, desire for hastened death, and symptom burden distress in the cancer setting. Based on the work of Viktor Frankl and his concept of logotherapy, MCP is an innovative intervention for clinicians practicing in fields of psycho-oncology, palliative care, bereavement, and cancer survivorship. This resource contains chapters on adapting MCP for different cancer-related populations and for different purposes and clinical problems, including interventions for cancer survivors, caregivers of cancer patients, adolescents and young adults with cancer, as a bereavement intervention, and cultural and linguistic applications in languages such as Mandarin, Spanish, and Hebrew.
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35

J, Judd Sandra, ed. Depression sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about unipolar depression, bipolar disorder, dysthymia, seasonal affective disorder, postpartum depression, and other depressive disorders, including facts about populations at special risk, coexisting medical conditions, symptoms, treatment options, and suicide prevention; along with statistical data, a glossary of related terms, and a directory of resources for additional help and information. 2nd ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2008.

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36

Pozio, Edoardo. Trichinellosis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0068.

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Trichinellosis is caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella. These zoonotic parasites show a cosmopolitan distribution in all the continents, but Antarctica. They circulate in nature by synanthropic-domestic and sylvatic cycles. Today, eight species and four genotypes are recognized, all of which infect mammals, including humans, one species also infects birds, and two other species infect also reptiles.Parasites of the genus Trichinella are unusual among the other nematodes in that the worm undergoes a complete developmental cycle, from larva to adult to larva, in the body of a single host, which has a profound influence on the epidemiology of trichinellosis. When the cycle is complete, the muscles of the infected animal contain a reservoir of larvae, capable of long-term survival. Humans and other hosts become infected by ingesting muscle tissuescontaining viable larvae.The symptoms associated with trichinellosis vary with the severity of infection, i.e. the number of viable larvae ingested, and the time after infection. The capacity of the worm population to undergo massive multiplication in the body is a major determinant. Progression of disease follows the biological development of the parasite. Symptoms are associated first with the gastrointestinal tract, as the worms invade and establish in the small intestine, become more general as the body responds immunologically, and finally focus on the muscles as the larvae penetrate the muscle cells and develop there. Although Trichinella worms cause pathological changes directly by mechanical damage, most of the clinical features of trichinellosis are immunopathological in origin and can be related to the capacity of the parasite to induce allergic responses.The main source of human infection is raw or under-cooked meat products from pig, wild boar, bear, walrus, and horses, but meat products from other animals have been implicated. In humans, the diagnosis of infection is made by immunological tests or by direct examination of muscle biopsies using microscopy or by recovery of larvae after artificial digestion. Treatment requires both the use of anthelmintic drugs to kill the parasite itself and symptomatic treatment to minimize inflammatory responses.Both pre-slaughter prevention and post-slaughter control can be used to prevent Trichinella infections in animals. The first involves pig management control as well as continuous surveillance programmes. Meat inspection is a successful post-slaughter strategy. However, a continuous consumer education is of great importance in countries where meat inspection is not mandatory.
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37

Shaibani, Aziz. Pseudoneurologic Syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0022.

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The term functional has almost replaced psychogenic in the neuromuscular literature for two reasons. It implies a disturbance of function, not structural damage; therefore, it defies laboratory testing such as MRIS, electromyography (EMG), and nerve conduction study (NCS). It is convenient to draw a parallel to the patients between migraine and brain tumors, as both cause headache, but brain MRI is negative in the former without minimizing the suffering of the patient. It is a “software” and not a “hardware” problem. It avoids irritating the patient by misunderstanding the word psychogenic which to many means “madness.”The cause of this functional impairment may fall into one of the following categories:• Conversion reaction: conversion of psychological stress to physical symptoms. This may include paralysis, hemisensory or distal sensory loss, or conversion spasms. It affects younger age groups.• Somatization: chronic multiple physical and cognitive symptoms due to chronic stress. It affects older age groups.• Factions disorder: induced real physical symptoms due to the need to be cared for, such as injecting oneself with insulin to produce hypoglycemia.• Hypochondriasis: overconcern about body functions such as suspicion of ALS due to the presence of rare fasciclutations that are normal during stress and after ingestion of a large amount of coffee. Medical students in particular are targets for this disorder.The following points are to be made on this topic. FNMD should be diagnosed by neuromuscular specialists who are trained to recognize actual syndrome whether typical or atypical. Presentations that fall out of the recognition pattern of a neuromuscular specialist, after the investigations are negative, they should be considered as FNMDs. Sometimes serial examinations are useful to confirm this suspicion. Psychatrists or psychologists are to be consulted to formulate a plan to discover the underlying stress and to treat any associated psychiatric disorder or psychological aberration. Most patients think that they are stressed due to the illness and they fail to connect the neuromuscular manifestations and the underlying stress. They offer shop around due to lack of satisfaction, especially those with somatization disorders. Some patients learn how to imitate certain conditions well, and they can deceive health care professionals. EMG and NCS are invaluable in revealing FNMD. A normal needle EMG of a weak muscles mostly indicates a central etiology (organic or functional). Normal sensory responses of a severely numb limb mean that a lesion is preganglionic (like roots avulsion, CISP, etc.) or the cause is central (a doral column lesion or functional). Management of FNMD is difficult, and many patients end up being chronic cases that wander into clinics and hospitals seeking solutions and exhausting the health care system with unnecessary expenses.It is time for these disorders to be studied in detail and be classified and have criteria set for their diagnosis so that they will not remain diagnosed only by exclusion. This chapter will describe some examples of these disorders. A video clip can tell the story better than many pages of writing. Improvement of digital cameras and electronic media has improved the diagnosis of these conditions, and it is advisable that patients record some of their symptoms when they happen. It is not uncommon for some Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs), such as myasthenia gravis (MG), small fiber neuropathy, and CISP, to be diagnosed as functional due to the lack of solid physical findings during the time of the examination. Therefore, a neuromuscular evaluation is important before these disorders are labeled as such. Some patients have genuine NMDs, but the majority of their symptoms are related to what Joseph Marsden called “sickness behavior.” A patient with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may unconsciously develop numbness of the entire side of the body because he thinks that he may have a stroke.
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