Journal articles on the topic 'Work environment – Australia'
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1
Corbould, H. M., and M. J. Nolan. "INJURY- FREE WORK ENVIRONMENT: MYTH OR REALITY?" APPEA Journal 29, no. 1 (1989): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj88012.
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Sound management practices, and employee awareness and commitment, are the keys to eliminating workplace injury. In Esso Australia's production operations, the goal is NO INJURIES for both company and contractor employees. Achieving this goal entails significant commitment to putting safety first, and elimination of conflicting messages about the production versus safety priorities.Throughout the last decade, Esso Australia has increasingly sought to heighten the safety awareness of all people working within and supporting its production operations. The emphasis has gradually moved from hardware safety to focusing on attitudes within the workforce — at the same time, however, ensuring that facilities meet industry standards.Results in 1988 show a marked drop in injury days lost for the total company and contractor employee group in production operations.A safe work environment is good business. Putting safety first need not cost money; indeed a safer workplace can be more efficient. Achieving a safe environment involves clear communication of goals and values, employee participation, delegation of authority, increasing accountability, effective incident investigation and follow- up, appropriate discipline, and recognition of positive contributions. Of paramount importance is a clear direction from top management that safety is the top priority.
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Zinn, C. "Health service ranked as most violent work environment in Australia." BMJ 323, no. 7326 (December 15, 2001): 1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.323.7326.1386c.
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Mathur, Deepika. "Book Review. Leading From the North: Rethinking Northern Australia Development." Learning Communities: International Journal of Learning in Social Contexts 27 (August 2022): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18793/lcj2022.27.06.
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Leading From the North: Rethinking Northern Australia Development points out that understanding land, environment and people of northern Australia should be the first step in any government policy formation. It is an anthology of articles by researchers from Charles Darwin University, James Cook University and Australian National University, and is an important reference work for anyone working in Northern development.
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F. Recher, Harry, Richard J. Hobbs, and Denis A. Saunders. "Vision for a Sustainable Future." Pacific Conservation Biology 9, no. 1 (2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc030001.
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IN 1996, the Australian Federal, State and Territory governments ratified the National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia's Biological Diversity (Commonwealth of Australia 1996). This strategy states that production systems must be sustainable and not result in further loss of biological diversity. Although there is a considerable amount of work addressing the issues of landscape degradation and sustainability, it is largely conducted in the absence of any clear vision of where Australia, as an environment in which we live, should be at the end of the 21st Century and beyond. That is, Australia lacks an integrated, long-term strategic plan for the future. As a nation, Australia is not alone in lacking a vision for the future. At whatever scale we choose, from global to regional, effective environmental management and the conservation of natural systems are hampered by the lack of vision and planning on the ecological and evolutionary time scales appropriate for complex and continually changing ecosystems.
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Nicholls, Rob. "The Australian Telecommunications Regulatory Environment: An overview." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 4, no. 4 (January 11, 2017): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v4n4.76.
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The Australian telecommunications regulatory environment has moved from the tentative deregulation of a managed fixed line duopoly to full deregulation and back to a state-owned enterprise being the monopoly wholesale provider of fixed broadband services. At the same time, the more lightly regulated mobile sector has continued to grow.This article provides an overview of the legal and regulatory regime for telecommunications and related services in Australia by charting the changes in regulation over this period and by indicating some of the changes that are evolving. The work is intended to provide a platform for comparison between regulatory regimes in different jurisdictions and as the basis for further analysis of the sector.
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Nicholls, Rob. "The Australian Telecommunications Regulatory Environment: An overview." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 4, no. 4 (January 11, 2017): 196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v4n4.76.
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The Australian telecommunications regulatory environment has moved from the tentative deregulation of a managed fixed line duopoly to full deregulation and back to a state-owned enterprise being the monopoly wholesale provider of fixed broadband services. At the same time, the more lightly regulated mobile sector has continued to grow.This article provides an overview of the legal and regulatory regime for telecommunications and related services in Australia by charting the changes in regulation over this period and by indicating some of the changes that are evolving. The work is intended to provide a platform for comparison between regulatory regimes in different jurisdictions and as the basis for further analysis of the sector.
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Bojić, Zoja. "SLAV CULTURAL MEMORY, NOSTALGIA AND HUMOURIN THE OEUVRE OF DANILA VASSILIEFF (1897-1958), RUSSIAN ÉMIGRÉ ARTIST IN AUSTRALIA." PHILOLOGICAL STUDIES 18, no. 1 (2020): 18–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/1857-6060-2020-18-1-18-44.
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Danila Vassilieff(1897–1958) was a Russian émigré artist who lived and worked in Australia. By far the largest and most significant part of his painterly and sculptural oeuvre Vassilieff executed on Australian soil, in the states of New South Wales and Victoria.This article explores Vassilieff’s visual arts ideas and idiom created within the parameters of his Russian and Slav cultural memory and characterised by his émigré experience. It argues that Vassilieff’s art was fully formed only after the artist’s experiencing anexistence of a permanentémigré in Australia and that both his ideas andhis idiom flourished in opposition to the cultural traditions of his new environment.Vassilieff’s relationship with his Russian and Slav cultural heritage was traced in the monograph Imaginary homelands, the art of Danila Vassilieff(Bojic2007). This essaycomplements the extant research by examiningVassilieff’s relationship with his Australian environment as reflected in his work. Vassilieff’s experience of a permanent émigré formed his visual arts idiom and provided for the large pool of themes and topics in his work. Much of his oeuvrebridgedthe varied cultural traditions of his Russian homeland and the hardshiphe experienced living in a barren Australian land. There weretwo reasonsfor this. One was the artist’s positionof being an émigré; the other was that of being an artist. His initial alone-ness in a new Australian environment allowed for his one-ness and thus contributed to the uniqueness of his expression and his oeuvre, recognised as such later on by his Australian peers. Thechronic trauma of being a permanentémigré was a continualfeature of Vassilieff’slife and of his work. Hisdeep feelings ofnostalgiawerean essential quality of his existence in exile.The artist himself would attempt to counterbalance 19this with his all-pervasive energetic good will and his refined sense of humour and sweet ironyon occasions leading into a sarcasm, evident in many of his works.
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Doley, David. "Evolution of plant water relations research in Australia." Functional Plant Biology 31, no. 5 (2004): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp03210.
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Ecophysiological research in Australia has focussed, at different times, on the fundamental similarities in function between all plant species, and on the peculiarity of Australian species with respect to their survival in stressful environments. Early work on plant water relations emphasised the differences between species, and indicated that diverse structural and functional attributes occurred in species from the same water-limited environment. Most recent research has emphasised processes that optimise rates of carbon dioxide exchange, but the understanding of functioning in plants with different morphological arrangements is incomplete. Variation in functions between individual plants and geographic populations in wild species has been examined to a lesser extent. The great variety within and between populations of wild plant species warrants further study for both understanding and more effective management of this biological resource.
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Pike, Shane, Sasha Mackay, Michael Whelan, Bree Hadley, and Kathryn Kelly. "‘You can’t just take bits of my story and put them into some play’: Ethical dramaturgy in the contemporary Australian performance climate." Performing Ethos: An International Journal of Ethics in Theatre & Performance 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/peet_00018_1.
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In Australia a vibrant tradition of participatory and often politically motivated performance work developed under the term ‘community arts and cultural development’ across the 1980s, 1990s and early 2000s. In this body of practice, considerations of ethics are articulated through process, practices and representation rather than content. Though effective, community arts as it developed in Australia is often time, resource and emotionally intensive for artists, community participants and audiences. In recent years, retraction of funding, as well as shifts in practice towards live art, performance art and relational aesthetics have reduced the resources available for these once prominent practices. Practitioners are confronting challenges and needing to develop new ways of working in an operating environment where long-term consultation is not necessarily possible or preferred by stakeholders. In this article, we reflect on the current state of play for practitioners seeking to develop ethical dramaturgy in performance works that collaborate with communities to tell life stories or represent participants’ lived experiences in Australia. Through examples from our own practice, as practice-led researchers, we consider how work in this sector is under strain and experiencing scarcity, precarity and an increasing lack of access to institutional resources that have historically enabled ethically rigorous dramaturgical practices. We aim, through this process, to rediscover and rearticulate an ethical dramaturgy for deployment in the Australian environment as it exists today.
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Paton-Walsh, Clare, Peter Rayner, Jack Simmons, Sonya L. Fiddes, Robyn Schofield, Howard Bridgman, Stephanie Beaupark, et al. "A Clean Air Plan for Sydney: An Overview of the Special Issue on Air Quality in New South Wales." Atmosphere 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120774.
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This paper presents a summary of the key findings of the special issue of Atmosphere on Air Quality in New South Wales and discusses the implications of the work for policy makers and individuals. This special edition presents new air quality research in Australia undertaken by (or in association with) the Clean Air and Urban Landscapes hub, which is funded by the National Environmental Science Program on behalf of the Australian Government’s Department of the Environment and Energy. Air pollution in Australian cities is generally low, with typical concentrations of key pollutants at much lower levels than experienced in comparable cities in many other parts of the world. Australian cities do experience occasional exceedances in ozone and PM2.5 (above air pollution guidelines), as well as extreme pollution events, often as a result of bushfires, dust storms, or heatwaves. Even in the absence of extreme events, natural emissions play a significant role in influencing the Australian urban environment, due to the remoteness from large regional anthropogenic emission sources. By studying air quality in Australia, we can gain a greater understanding of the underlying atmospheric chemistry and health risks in less polluted atmospheric environments, and the health benefits of continued reduction in air pollution. These conditions may be representative of future air quality scenarios for parts of the Northern Hemisphere, as legislation and cleaner technologies reduce anthropogenic air pollution in European, American, and Asian cities. However, in many instances, current legislation regarding emissions in Australia is significantly more lax than in other developed countries, making Australia vulnerable to worsening air pollution in association with future population growth. The need to avoid complacency is highlighted by recent epidemiological research, reporting associations between air pollution and adverse health outcomes even at air pollutant concentrations that are lower than Australia’s national air quality standards. Improving air quality is expected to improve health outcomes at any pollution level, with specific benefits projected for reductions in long-term exposure to average PM2.5 concentrations.
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Rose, Bill, and Heather Fiala. "Between School and Work." Australasian Journal of Special Education 9, no. 1 (May 1985): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200021278.
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The view is put that the least restrictive environment and the most appropriate climate for intellectually handicapped adolescents and young adults can be found or created in Colleges of Technical and Further Education in New South Wales and indeed across Australia. Such provision may also be the most appropriate for other categories of handicap, disability or disadvantage.There is still a tendency for the community at large to underestimate the potential of handicapped young people for development. Research, not generally well known and therefore not acted upon, shows that despite poor initial performance, many intellectually handicapped people show substantial improvement with learning.
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Fergusson, Lee, Timothy A Allred, and Troy Dux. "Work-Based Learning and Research for Mid-Career Professionals: Professional Studies in Australia." Interdisciplinary Journal of e-Skills and Lifelong Learning 14 (2018): 001–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3930.
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Aim/Purpose: Work-based learning has been identified in the literature, and is established in academia and in the global worlds of work; however, an examination of work-based research, particularly at the doctoral level, has been less well articulated. Moreover, a paucity of published literature on either work-based research or Professional Studies means little is known about the dynamics and drivers of these domains. This study aims to begin addressing the shortfall in literature on work-based research and Professional Studies programs, using the program at University of Southern Queensland as an example Background: This paper examines work-based research in the context of the Professional Studies program at University of Southern Queensland in Australia, with which the authors are affiliated. Methodology: Analysis of work-based research includes discussion of ‘messy’ research environments and the changing nature of workplaces, along with the opportunities and challenges such environments pose for action researchers. Contribution: In addition to addressing a shortfall in the published literature on work-based research, the paper also contributes insight into the mechanisms used to promote reflective practice and the generation of professional artefacts. Findings: Often driven by altruism, work-based research as implemented in the Professional Studies program results in a so-called ‘triple dividend’, designed to benefit the individual researcher, work environment, and community of practice. Recommendations for Practitioners: To be successful contributors to work-based research, practitioners need to reflect carefully and deeply on experience, planning and outcomes, using what in this paper we call ‘micro-reflective’ (personal) and ‘macro-reflective’ (program) cycles of reflection. Recommendation for Researchers: In addition to generating new knowledge and expanding the frontiers of workplaces, work-based research is often motivated by complicated and wide-reaching imperatives; work-based researchers therefore need to consider the goals, objectives, priorities and vision of their work environments, as well as understand issues related to bias, ethical practice and the nature of insider research. Impact on Society: Work-based learning and research address the complexities, challenges and future demands of Australian workplaces along with the work, mobility and personal development needs of mid- to senior-career professionals. Future Research: In addition to the multitude of action research programs possible in work-places in Australia, more research is needed to understand higher education work-based learning and its relation to, and impact on, work-based research, particularly when applying mixed methods research to work environments.
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Bowles, Wendy, Heather Boetto, Peter Jones, and Jennifer McKinnon. "Is social work really greening? Exploring the place of sustainability and environment in social work codes of ethics." International Social Work 61, no. 4 (July 25, 2016): 503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872816651695.
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This article examines the extent to which issues of environmental sustainability are represented in three national social work codes of ethics – the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. These national codes are discussed and implications for social work are analysed with a view to strengthening the profession’s position regarding environmental sustainability. Findings suggest that national codes do not include concern for environmental sustainability as a core professional concern. The authors make recommendations for developing ethical practice and further argue that the international professional body of social work, the International Federation of Social Workers (IFSW), should take a fundamental leadership role in advocating for environmental sustainability.
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Stappenbelt, Brad. "Undergraduate Mechanical Engineering Research Project Work in an Action Learning Environment." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 37, no. 4 (October 2009): 326–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijmee.37.4.6.
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This paper examines the nature of the action learning educational approach and its application to research project work in undergraduate engineering education. In particular, a case study involving the establishment of an action learning environment to improve student learning in the School of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Western Australia is discussed. The action learning environment implemented had a positive effect on students' performance, their ability to cope with the stresses associated with managing an engineering honours research project, the depth of learning and their development as autonomous learners, as well as their perception of the research project experience. It is argued that the deeper approach to student learning encouraged by the action learning approach directly addresses some of the concerns from industry regarding the attributes of engineering graduates.
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Davis, Richard I., Lynne M. Jones, Bradley Pease, Sandy L. Perkins, Harshitsinh R. Vala, Pere Kokoa, Marilyn Apa, and Christopher J. Dale. "Plant Virus and Virus-like Disease Threats to Australia’s North Targeted by the Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy." Plants 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2021): 2175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10102175.
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The Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy (NAQS) is a biosecurity initiative operated by the Australian federal government’s Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE). It is unique worldwide because it deals specifically with the potential arrival via unregulated pathways of exotic threats from overseas in a vast and sparsely populated region. It aims to protect the nation’s animal- and plant-based production industries, as well as the environment, from incursions of organisms from countries that lie immediately to the north. These are diseases, pests, and weeds present in these countries that are currently either absent from, or under active containment in, Australia and may arrive by natural or human-assisted means. This review article focuses on the plant viruses and virus-like diseases that are most highly targeted by the NAQS program. It presents eight pathogen species/group entries in the NAQS A list of target pathogens, providing an overview of the historical and current situation, and collates some new data obtained from surveillance activities conducted in northern Australia and collaborative work overseas.
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White, Ben, and Lindy Willmott. "Future of assisted dying reform in Australia." Australian Health Review 42, no. 6 (2018): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah18199.
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The Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (Vic) will come into force in June 2019, becoming the first law in Australia in 20 years to permit voluntary assisted dying (VAD). This paper considers how other Australian states and territories are likely to respond to this development. It analyses three key factors that suggest that law reform is likely to occur in other parts of Australia: (1) the growing international trend to permit VAD; (2) social science evidence about how VAD regimes operate; and (3) changes to the local political environment. The paper argues that these three factors, coupled with the effect of Victoria changing its law, suggest that other VAD law reform is likely to occur in Australia. It also considers the different types of laws that may be adopted, including whether other states and territories will follow the very conservative Victorian approach or adopt more liberal models. What is known about the topic? Despite sustained law reform efforts in parliaments across the country, Victoria is the first Australian jurisdiction to pass a law permitting VAD in 20 years. What does this paper add? This paper addresses likely future trends in VAD law reform in Australia. Drawing on international developments, a growing body of social science evidence about how VAD regimes work in practice, and evidence about a changing local political environment, the paper argues that other states and territories in Australia will also enact laws about VAD. What are the implications for practitioners? The legalisation of VAD has significant implications for health professionals, health administrators and health systems. Understanding how reform may occur and what legal models may be considered supports participation in the law reform process and preparation for likely change.
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Plath, Debbie. "An experience based model for practice learning." Journal of Practice Teaching and Learning 5, no. 1 (December 26, 2012): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/jpts.v5i1.300.
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Social work education in Australia is responding to the changing social, political and economic contexts in which social work is practised. The Bachelor of Social Work program at the University of Newcastle, Australia, aims to educate competent social workers able to deal effectively with the changing challenges of the work environment. This is achieved through an experience based model of social work education. This paper, presented at the 2nd international conference of the Journal of Practice Teaching in Health and Social Work in London in April 2003, provides an overview of some social work education issues in Australia. The experience based learning model employed at the University of Newcastle is described and discussed in relation to social work field education.
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Conomos, Alexis M., Barbara Griffin, and Nadia Baunin. "Attracting psychologists to practice in rural Australia: The role of work values and perceptions of the rural work environment." Australian Journal of Rural Health 21, no. 2 (April 2013): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12021.
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Whitehouse, Hilary. "Talking Up Country: Language, Natureculture and Interculture in Australian Environmental Education Research." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 27, no. 1 (2011): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600000070.
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AbstractAustralia is an old continent with an immensely long history of human settlement. The argument made in this paper is that Australia is, and has always been, a natureculture. Just as English was introduced as the dominant language of education with European colonisation, so arrived an ontological premise that linguistically divides a categorised nature from culture and human from “the” environment. Drawing on published work from the Australian tropics, this paper employs a socionature approach to make a philosophical argument for a more nuanced understanding of language, the cultural interface and contemporary moves towards interculture in Australian environmental education practice.
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Trigger, David. "Nature, Work and ‘the Environment’: Contesting Sentiments and Identities in the Southwest of Western Australia." Australian Journal of Anthropology 10, no. 2 (August 1999): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1999.tb00018.x.
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Pearce, Philip L., and Gianna Moscardo. "An Action Research Appraisal of Visitor Center Interpretation and Change." Journal of Interpretation Research 12, no. 1 (April 2007): 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109258720701200103.
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This study uses an action research framework to evaluate changes to the visitor center-based interpretation of a natural environment. The context for the study is Australia's Flinders Chase National Park, located in an isolated tourism region, namely Kangaroo Island in the state of South Australia. The island and the park are best known for the opportunities visitors have to see many forms of Australian wildlife. Surveys of over 700 visitors were conducted in 1999 and these results were used to inform the design of interpretation in a new and much larger visitor center. In 2004 further survey work with 450 visitors was conducted. The second study specifically reported on the overall effectiveness of the new center in influencing visitors’ satisfaction with the interpretation. The results demonstrate the value of action research in shaping interpretive practice.
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Tan, Verity, Pablo R. Dias, Nathan Chang, and Rong Deng. "Estimating the Lifetime of Solar Photovoltaic Modules in Australia." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 5336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095336.
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Determining the lifetime of solar photovoltaic modules is integral to planning future installations and ensuring effective end-of-life management. The lifetime of photovoltaic modules is most commonly considered to be 25 years based on performance guarantees of 80% power output after 25 years of operation; however, influences including climatic conditions, social behaviour, fiscal policy, and technological improvements have the potential to prompt early replacement. Therefore, this work aims to estimate the operating lifetime of photovoltaic panels more accurately in Australia by considering a variety of technical, economic, and social reasons for decommissioning. Based on a range of sources including government organisations, other policymakers, regulators and advisors, energy suppliers, researchers, recyclers, and manufacturers, three lifetime models—power decrease, damage and technical failures, and economic motivation—were developed and then weighted in three scenarios to form overall views of panel lifetime in Australia. In addition, it was concluded that the module lifetime will vary considerably between countries due to differences in market factors. Therefore, these results specifically address Australia as most of the input data were sourced from Australian industry reports and Australian photovoltaic systems and interpreted within the context of the Australian photovoltaic market. However, the methodology of estimating lifetime based on both technical and non-technical factors can be applied to other scenarios by using country-specific data. With the popularity of photovoltaic technology beginning in the early 2010s and given the practical lifetimes of 15–20 years found in this work, Australia will need to act swiftly within the next three years to responsibly manage the looming solar panel waste.
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Kerr, Allen, Kerrie Davies, and Graham Stirling. "Henry Robert Wallace 1924 - 2011." Historical Records of Australian Science 23, no. 2 (2012): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr12008.
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Harry Wallace was born in Lancashire, England on 12 September 1924 and died at Murray Bridge, South Australia on 26 July 2011. He had a distinguished career, as a scientist at the University of Cambridge, Rothamsted Experimental Station and CSIRO's Division of Horticulture, and as Professor of Plant Pathology at the University of Adelaide. He was internationally recognised for his pioneering work on the movement of nematodes and for his work on the interactions between nematodes, the environment and the plant. He made a major contribution to Australian agriculture by providing a blueprint for research needed to understand cereal cyst nematode, which was a major pest that significantly reduced yield. The blueprint led to efficient methods of disease control.
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Schembri, Sharon. "The paradox of a legend: A visual ethnography of Harley-Davidson in Australia." Journal of Management & Organization 14, no. 4 (September 2008): 386–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200003151.
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AbstractConsumption, especially high profile brand consumption, implicates our identities. More than that, brand consumption connects our lives to others through shared lifestyle expressions to the extent that subcultures of consumption emerge. However, as this work shows, the meaning of particular consumption objects or brands cannot be assumed. Using visual ethnography, this study describes the experiential meaning of the legendary Harley-Davidson to owners and riders in Australia. For more than three years, fieldwork was conducted primarily from within a chapter of the Harley Owners Group (HOG) and included participant observation, interviews, and visual documentation of the Harley-Davidson experience. The findings show the Australian Harley-Davidson experience to be a postmodern paradox. As an iconic American brand with a rebellious image, Harley-Davidson is readily embraced in this Australian subculture of consumption. Also, despite the widely assumed deviancy of those on a Harley-Davidson, the Australian HOG subculture is shown to uphold mainstream values in a family-friendly environment. Moreover, as an iconic symbol of freedom, this experience is achieved through regulation and organization. This work also shows the act of consuming Harley-Davidson creates the experiential meaning and postmodern spectacle that demands attention. In effect, consumers become producers in co-constructing the postmodern paradox of the (Australian) Harley-Davidson experience.
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Schembri, Sharon. "The paradox of a legend: A visual ethnography of Harley-Davidson in Australia." Journal of Management & Organization 14, no. 4 (September 2008): 386–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.837.14.4.386.
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AbstractConsumption, especially high profile brand consumption, implicates our identities. More than that, brand consumption connects our lives to others through shared lifestyle expressions to the extent that subcultures of consumption emerge. However, as this work shows, the meaning of particular consumption objects or brands cannot be assumed. Using visual ethnography, this study describes the experiential meaning of the legendary Harley-Davidson to owners and riders in Australia. For more than three years, fieldwork was conducted primarily from within a chapter of the Harley Owners Group (HOG) and included participant observation, interviews, and visual documentation of the Harley-Davidson experience. The findings show the Australian Harley-Davidson experience to be a postmodern paradox. As an iconic American brand with a rebellious image, Harley-Davidson is readily embraced in this Australian subculture of consumption. Also, despite the widely assumed deviancy of those on a Harley-Davidson, the Australian HOG subculture is shown to uphold mainstream values in a family-friendly environment. Moreover, as an iconic symbol of freedom, this experience is achieved through regulation and organization. This work also shows the act of consuming Harley-Davidson creates the experiential meaning and postmodern spectacle that demands attention. In effect, consumers become producers in co-constructing the postmodern paradox of the (Australian) Harley-Davidson experience.
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Rogers, Shane L., Stephen J. Edwards, and Rebecca Perera. "The Impact of Shared Versus Individual Office Space on Therapist Appraisal of Their Work Environment." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 13, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): i26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v13i1.33.
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Objective: The primary objective was to investigate the impact of shared versus individual office space on therapist appraisal of the work physical and social environment, and overall appraisal of working conditions.
Method: Therapists (n = 59) from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in Western Australia were surveyed about their appraisal of the social and physical work environment, in addition to their overall appraisal of working conditions.
Results: Compared to therapists with individual offices, therapists occupying shared office space reported lower appraisal of the work physical environment and lower overall appraisal of working conditions. No difference was found between groups for appraisal of the work social environment. Additionally, when statistically controlling for office space, both the appraisal of the social and physical environment made an independent contribution to the prediction of overall work satisfaction.
Conclusion: This research reveals that shared office space can negatively impact therapist appraisal of their work environment and reduce overall appraisal of working conditions. Additionally, results reveal the high importance of the physical environment for staff satisfaction in a mental health service.
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Gough, Annette. "For the Total Environment: Bill Stapp's Contribution to Environmental Education." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 17 (2001): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002391.
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AbstractBill Stapp passed away in May 2001, thirty one years after his first influential visit to Australia. Although many among the current generation of younger environmental educators might not know his name they are very likely to be working within a framework for environmental education that he worked hard to establish. This paper discusses his contribution from a socially critical standpoint and within the context of the relationship between formal education and informal settings that underpinned his work. In writing this paper I draw on his writings, commentaries on his work, personal knowledge and an in-depth interview I conducted with him in 1991.
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Udah, Hyacinth. "Searching for a Place to Belong in a Time of Othering." Social Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8110297.
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Australia is a land of opportunity, where hard work can bring a better life. Most immigrants come to Australia to establish a new life and fulfil hopes and dreams for better life opportunities. Like many immigrants to Australia, I came to establish a new better life for myself and for family. In this paper, I share my challenges of being different, and of being black and the experiences of black Africans in Australia. The paper invites more conversations on finding ways forward to change the system that favours some and disadvantages others. It indicates the need to humanise the Other and make Australia a more inclusive and liveable multicultural environment.
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Bills, Kym. "Building a world-class Australian decommissioning industry." APPEA Journal 58, no. 2 (2018): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj17154.
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Collaboration in decommissioning offshore infrastructure could save both industry and taxpayers billions of dollars and facilitate new industries and exports for Australia, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. At the end of the liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant construction boom, Australia must not miss out on this major new opportunity. The 2017 bid for Commonwealth funding to establish a Decommissioning Offshore Infrastructure Cooperative Research Centre (DOI-CRC) involved more than 30 participants and many other collaborators. High-level commitments were made by Chevron, Woodside, Shell, BHP, ExxonMobil, Quadrant, The University of Western Australia, Curtin University, the University of New South Wales, Deakin University, Australian Maritime College, CSIRO and Australian Institute of Marine Science. A Perth-based DOI-CRC was supported by National Energy Resources Australia, National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Management Authority and other Australian Government bodies and by the Western Australian Government and its Chief Scientist and agencies but did not receive sufficient support from the CRC Advisory Committee. Meeting decommissioning challenges in the North West Shelf, Bass Strait and the Northern Territory in a timely, robust, scientific, efficient and cost-effective manner that contributes to a sustainable marine environment should draw upon and augment international best practice with local capability and expertise. Good science and innovative engineering are needed to support regulatory approval of options such as ‘rigs to reefs’ and commercial opportunities such as in waste management and expanded fishing and tourism. APPEA and operators wish to maintain DOI-CRC’s momentum and learn from UK research arrangements through funding marine science projects. But we must be much broader if we are to build a sustainable world-class Australian decommissioning industry. In particular, we need to work more closely with state and federal regulators and policymakers and undertake more engineering science research and innovation.
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Vickers, Ros. "The Regulation of Natural Resources Law in Australia for Indigenous People." Jambe Law Journal 2, no. 2 (January 28, 2020): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jlj.2.2.99-117.
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Natural resources law in Australia seeks to regulate, protect and conserve natural resources, while providing consideration to the economic value of projects and permit activities to occur. The same environmental laws apply to indigenous peoples as well as other members of the public in Australia. However the recognition of native title rights and sacred sites through legislation can acknowledge the special relationship that indigenous people have with the environment through traditional laws and customs. Indigenous people have a special relationship with their environment that does not easily fall within categories of western values of the environment, and for this reason there is often tension between the common law legal system and indigenous people. While there has been significant process working towards a more harmonious regulatory system of natural resources, there is still work to be done. This paper will outline the structure of indigenous rights impacting natural resource regulation in Australia, focusing on the Northern Territory, and will examine the origins of environmental law and indigenous rights
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Tam, Vivian W. Y., and Khoa N. Le. "Power spectral and bispectral study of factors affecting employee turnover." Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal 10, no. 1 (June 28, 2018): 1727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2018-0006.
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Abstract Voluntary employee turnover can cause organizations to lose profits and competitiveness. Unexpected employee turnover may also result in project delay and reduction in project quality. It is important to control employee turnover rate and maintain good employees within an organization. This paper investigates the major causes of voluntary employee turnover in engineering industries. Australia, Mainland China, and Taiwan were selected for the investigation. Questionnaires were administered, and structured interviews were conducted. Power spectrum was used for the analysis. It was found that “Good physical working environment”, “Receiving advanced training”, and “Short travel distance between home and work” are the major job-related ideal factors for the Australian, Mainland China, and Taiwan respondents, respectively. However, “Far distance between work and home” and “Dislike the colleague relationships” are found as the major factors for leaving jobs for the Australian/ Taiwan and Mainland China respondents, respectively. Recommendations to improve and to control employee turnover rate are also discussed.
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Quilter, Julia, and Luke McNamara. "Special Issue: Hidden Criminalisation—Punitiveness at the Edges: Guest Editors’ Introduction." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 7, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v7i3.559.
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This special issue had its origins in a workshop on criminal law and criminalisation which we co-convened, and our law schools co-hosted, in 2017. That workshop was the fourth in what has become an annual event in Australia (starting with a Sydney Law School-hosted event in 2014 (see Crofts and Loughnan 2015)). These workshops came into being because of a recognised gap in the Australian scholarly environment: a place for criminalisation scholars to share, discuss and receive feedback on their work (see also Anthony and Croft 2017; Henderson 2016).
To access the full text of the guest editor's introducton to this special issue on 'Hidden Criminalisation—Punitiveness at the Edges', download the accompanying PDF file.
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Fien, John. "Towards School-level Curriculum Inquiry in Environmental Education." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 7 (January 1991): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s081406260000183x.
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This paper is an outgrowth of my work for the Bicentennial Australian Studies Schools Project (BASSP) for which I wrote the booklet, Education for the Australian Environment (Fien 1988). This was one of ten booklets on Australian Studies distributed to every primary and secondary school in Australia early in 1988. The purpose of Education for the Australian Environment was to provide guidelines for injecting an Australian Studies perspective into environmental education. In the final chapter of the first draft of the booklet I sought to provide a framework for the development of an environmental education policy through a process of curriculum inquiry at the individual school level.In part, I was moved to include a framework for school level curriculum work in environmental education by concerns expressed by Gough (1987) and Robottom (1987a) about the value of centrally-developed policy statements on environmental education. While the 1977 Tbilisi Declaration urged UN member states to prepare policies “to introduce environmental concerns, activities and content into their education systems”, Gough and Robottom urged caution over the use of centralised policies as instruments for educational change. In summary, the reasons for their concern stemmed from the potential danger that centrally developed policies might foreclose debate over the nature, goals and practices of environmental education and, thus, supplant local innovations and variations in environmental education with uniform prescriptions. They also expressed concern that the hierarchical pattern of authority embedded in centralised curriculum decision making was inappropriate to environmental education and that it could easily lead to the deskilling and disempowerment of environmental educators at the grassroot levels.
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Cardilini, Adam P. A., Sarah Micallef, Valerie R. Bishop, Craig D. H. Sherman, Simone L. Meddle, and Katherine L. Buchanan. "Environmental Influences on Neuromorphology in the Non-Native Starling Sturnus vulgaris." Brain, Behavior and Evolution 92, no. 1-2 (2018): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000491672.
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Cognitive traits are predicted to be under intense selection in animals moving into new environments and may determine the success, or otherwise, of dispersal and invasions. In particular, spatial information related to resource distribution is an important determinant of neural development. Spatial information is predicted to vary for invasive species encountering novel environments. However, few studies have tested how cognition or neural development varies intraspecifically within an invasive species. In Australia, the non-native common starling Sturnus vulgaris inhabits a range of habitats that vary in seasonal resource availability and distribution. We aimed to identify variations in the brain mass and hippocampus volume of starlings in Australia related to environmental variation across two substantially different habitat types. Specifically, we predicted variation in brain mass and hippocampal volume in relation to environmental conditions, latitude, and climatic variables. To test this, brain mass and volumes of the hippocampus and two control brain regions (telencephalon and tractus septomesencephalicus) were quantified from starling brains gathered from across the species’ range in south eastern Australia. When comparing across an environmental gradient, there was a significant interaction between sex and environment for overall brain mass, with greater sexual dimorphism in brain mass in inland populations compared to those at the coast. There was no significant difference in hippocampal volume in relation to environmental measures (hippocampus volume, n = 17) for either sex. While these data provide no evidence for intraspecific environmental drivers for changes in hippocampus volume in European starlings in Australia, they do suggest that environmental factors contribute to sex differences in brain mass. This study identifies associations between the brain volume of a non-native species and the environment; further work in this area is required to elucidate the mechanisms driving this relationship.
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Stadler, Tania. "The Landcare for Teachers Program: Learning and Teaching for the Environment." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 11 (1995): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600002949.
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The development of an innovative environmental education program for teachers was the direct outcome of a doctoral study of land degradation in Australia (Stadler 1989). The Landcare for Teachers Program arose from my research into the issue of land degradation within an historical and policy context and found a need for knowledge and understanding among the wider population. The thesis argued for the role of education as a positive long-term strategy to change the attitudes and behaviour of the Australian community towards the environment.Landcare for Teachers was developed at the University of Tasmania by the author in 1990 with National Landcare Program (NLP) funding. It has operated there successfully since and has been extended to other states from 1993. Teachers are a key target group due to their ability to transfer their knowledge and skills to the next generation of land managers and decision makers and to their multiplier effect. Yet while their work has become more demanding and complex, morale among teachers is low and the profession has poor community support (Schools Council 1990, p. 3). The educational program described in this paper was designed to provide teachers with little or no background in science with a basic understanding of the need to care for the environment and the skills and confidence to pass that understanding on to their own students.
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Nugraha, Nur Arif. "Controversies of the Implementation of Carbon Tax Policy for the Australian Economy: Harmful or Beneficial?" Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 6, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.6.2.109-122.2017.
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Australian government had an experience in carbon tax policy implementation and evidently, it did not work out since it was enacted for the first time in 2012. The background of this policy was the Kyoto Protocol in 2007. In the beginning, Australia and United States considered as resistant countries. However, the government finally implemented carbon tax policy in 2012. There were many debates around this issue, especially two major parties, Labour and Liberal. After some considerations, the Australian government decided to repeal this policy in 2014. This study will focus on controversies around the implementation of carbon tax policy. The first part will describe the background of carbon tax policy. The next part will expose on positive impacts of the policy implementation on the Australian economy, while the following part will focus on negative impacts on household expenditures. The final part will conclude which actions the government should decide either continues or terminates carbon tax policy. Keywords: implementation, carbon tax policy, environment, household, economy
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Barton, Georgina, and Kay Hartwig. "Workplace Experience of International Students in Australia." Journal of International Students 10, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): viii—xi. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v10i2.1946.
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For the past three years over 400,000 international students have enrolled annually to study in higher education contexts in Australia (Australian Government, 2019). The extensiveness of international student enrolments has been equalled to Australia’s third highest export industry after coal and iron ore (Grewal & Blakkarly, 2017). Given the significance of international students it is important that Australian universities find effective and culturally-appropriate ways to support this cohort. One such area needing support is work experience as many study programs that international students undertake include compulsory or elective courses involving assessed experiences in professional contexts. Degrees such as business, education, engineering, health including nursing and psychology all require students to successfully complete workplace experiences in order to graduate. It is critical that international students are supported before, during and after workplace components of study as the International Student Barometer indicated that international students desire quality career advice, work experience and subsequently employment as a result of their studies (Garrett, 2014).
This short essay shares brief findings from a federally funded, large-scale project carried out in Australian universities – the Work-placement for International Student Programs (WISP) project. The WISP project aimed to investigate international students’ experiences in workplace contexts, but also their preparedness for such experiences. Data was collected from six universities including international student, workplace and university staff interviews; university documents; and international students’ assessed reports from their work experience. In addition, a large scale survey was also distributed across Australia – whereby findings are reported in Barton, Hartwig and Le (2017).
Findings from the qualitative data showed that international students face different challenges on work experience as compared to their domestic counterparts. Issues such as language difference, financial difficulties, being away from usual support networks, and cultural difference related to professional skills were identified. We theorised that international students indeed encounter ‘multi-socialisation’ (Barton et al., 2017) whereby they are expected to socialise into a new country, new university context, and workplace environment.
Further, our extensive data showed that many work place staff have limited capacities in cultural awareness and hence diverse approaches to working with, and supporting,international students. In fact, some work place staff showed hesitation in hosting international students as they perceived them as being ‘hardwork’ (Barton, Hartwig, Joseph & Podorova, 2017). Conversely, our data showed the success many that international students experience during work placement. For work place staff who displayed high ‘ethos’ (Knight, 1999), huge benefits in hosting international students were experienced for both parties.
Another major finding was that international students often find reflecting on their practice and consequently putting new practice into place challenging. Of course, this may be an issue for all students however, our international student participants noted reflecting on challenges and knowing how to improve action was difficult, particularly if their host was not supportive. Conversely, supportive hosts modelled good practice and worked above and beyond to support international students to success.
Recommendations from the WISP project are outlined in Table 1 below:
Table 1: Recommendations for all stakeholders in relation to work experience for international students
International students
University Staff (includes academic support staff)
Work place supervisors and staff
Know and use the range of support services available at your university for international students.
Learn about and experience new cultural and professional contexts through volunteering.
Be involved in any university learning activities that will assist you to reflect and understand Australian workplace contexts.
Participate in a community of learners by sharing your expertise, cultural knowledge and skill sets with the university, workplace and your peers.
Regularly seek your supervisor’s feedback on your performance and ensure you understand and can implement this advice.
Organise a meeting with international students and their supervisor prior to work placement, as well as post-placement sessions with university staff.
Encourage international students to gain experience in new cultural and professional contexts through volunteering.
Include a range of teaching and learning activities such as role plays, videos and critical reflection to assist international students’ understanding of Australian workplace contexts.
Create a community of learners through multimedia to encourage communication during work placement.
Share responsibility of feedback and assessment to allow a fuller understanding of the student’s progress.
Create a welcoming workplace environment including a student work space, clear expectations and open lines of communication.
Embrace and utilise international students’ unique cultural knowledge and experience in your workplace.
Include a diverse range of communication techniques to explain key concepts about the workplace context.
Encourage international students to become involved in the wider workplace community.
Provide international students regular feedback and demonstrate strategies for improvement and check for understanding.
Our project resulted in a conscious focus on positive aspects of international students’workplace experience given the negativity that is often portrayed in the literature. Such a strengths-based approach allowed us to report on ways that worked in supporting both international students and their hosts, ensuring increased employability and reflexive professionals upon graduation.
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Sarpy, Caroline, Heidi Shukralla, Heath Greville, and Sandra C. Thompson. "Exploring the Implementation of Workplace-Focused Primary Prevention Efforts to Reduce Family Violence in a Regional City: The Need for Clarity, Capacity, and Communication." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 16703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416703.
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In response to the high burden of family and domestic violence (FDV), The Australian National Plan to End Violence Against Women and Children has established that primary prevention measures are necessary to reduce FDV’s harmful impacts on health. The Community, Respect, and Equality (CRE) project is a primary prevention initiative aimed towards changing harmful social norms and practices that enable FDV in Geraldton, Western Australia. Organizations affiliated with the CRE are required to promote gender equality and a respectful work environment. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the impact and effectiveness of such interventions, especially in rural/regional areas. As such, this study served to evaluate the project’s effectiveness in a CRE-certified workspace, a local non-profit social services provider. Investigators conducted interviews to learn how the organization had implemented the CRE, and whether the CRE had had an impact on social norms and practices within the work environment. Findings indicated that the project had largely failed to permeate workplace culture due to a lack of effective promotion, low perceived benefits, and low resources. Future interventions must take persuasive measures, even for organizations perceived to be receptive to change.
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Cole, Rachel. "The changing context of age-based classification and policy research in the age of subscription-video-on-demand." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00063_1.
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This article draws on a history of media classification in Australia to consider how this field is developing. The focus is on age-based classification of commercially and professionally produced content, specifically made available through streaming and subscription-video-on-demand (SVOD) platforms. As platform company Netflix steps into the terrain of regulation, this environment is changing quite dramatically. The Netflix tool emerges in a governmental space characterized by new and emerging transnational governance and monitoring Boards, ghost work and moral panics in the form of online firestorms. Questions developed in the time of legacy media that consider human and machine, and industry and government as working separately, are confronted by new practices and points of inquiry with impacts broader than Australian media consumption.
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Wong, Carrie K., Carolynne White, Bwe Thay, and Annie-Claude M. Lassemillante. "Living a Healthy Life in Australia: Exploring Influences on Health for Refugees from Myanmar." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010121.
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Background: Humanitarian migrants from Myanmar represent a significant refugee group in Australia; however, knowledge of their health needs and priorities is limited. This study aims to explore the meaning and influencers of health from the perspectives of refugees from Myanmar. Method: Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) design, a partnership was formed between the researchers, Myanmar community leaders and other service providers to inform study design. A total of 27 participants were recruited from a government-funded English language program. Data were collected using a short demographic survey and four focus groups, and were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis methods. Results: Key themes identified included: (1) health according to the perspectives of Australian settled refugees from Myanmar, (2) social connections and what it means to be part of community, (3) work as a key influence on health, and (4) education and its links with work and health. Conclusions: This study outlined the inter-relationships between health, social connections, work and education from the perspectives of refugees from Myanmar. It also outlined how people from Myanmar who are of a refugee background possess strengths that can be used to manage the various health challenges they face in their new environment.
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Rogers, Mary E., Peter A. Creed, and Judy Searle. "Why are junior doctors deterred from choosing a surgical career?" Australian Health Review 36, no. 2 (2012): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11999.
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Objective. To identify the reasons why interns would not choose a surgical career. Methods. This qualitative study used semi-structured telephone interviews to explore the future career choices of 41 junior doctors (14 men, 27 women). Doctors were asked to identify specialties they would not take up, and state why this was the case. Results. Thirty (73.2%) of the 41 interns nominated surgery as a specialty they would not choose. Themes relating to reasons for not wanting to pursue a surgical career included the lifestyle associated with surgery (66.7%), the culture within the surgical work environment (53.3%), the lack of interest in performing surgical work (36.7%), and the training requirements associated with surgery (33.3%). Both sexes had similar reasons for not wanting to choose a surgical career; but additionally, women referred to the male domination of surgery, and the difficulty and inflexibility of the training program as deterrents. Conclusions. Efforts are needed to promote interest in surgery as a career especially for women, to improve the surgical work environment so that medical students and junior doctors have exposure to positive role models and surgical placements, and to provide a more flexible approach to surgical training. What is known about the topic? In Australia, there is an anticipated future shortage of surgeons, with acute shortages expected in some locations. Lifestyle issues are reported as the primary contributing factor. What does this paper add? Little is known about Australian junior doctors’ perceptions of surgery as a possible specialty choice. The results of this qualitative study reveal that perceived lack of lifestyle, the culture within the surgical environment, the lack of interest in performing surgery, and concerns relating to the training program were the main disincentives to choosing a surgical career. These results add to the international literature in this area. What are the implications for practitioners? To meet current and future workforce needs, educators need to be aware that positive role models and positive work environments are very important in attracting more medical students and graduates to choosing surgery as a career.
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Mattes, B. W., and C. Walters. "DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN BHP PETROLEUM." APPEA Journal 35, no. 1 (1995): 792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj94056.
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BHP Petroleum Pty Ltd (BHPP) is subdivided, worldwide, into three 'regions'—Australia/Asia; Europe/Russia/Africa/Middle East; and Americas—each a self-contained, operating entity, each with its own system of management. The Australian/ Asian operations group within BHPP is implementing an integrated management system, of which the safety, occupational health and environmental elements will form crucial components. The management system has been designed to provide management control of safety, health and environment issues for all of the BHPP producing operations in Australasia. The Safety, Health and Environment Department of BHPP provides a region-wide function for Australasia, and the safety, health and environment portions of the management system, which the Department is helping to develop and implement, will document planned requirements at a number of levels: region-wide requirements for all departments (e.g. implementation of corporate policies, legislative compliance, emergency management, auditing, permit-to-work, health promotion, incident investigation, environmental approvals, etc), requirements specific to the Operations Department (e.g. safety/environmental auditing of plants and facilities, monitoring of oil spills/greenhouse gas emissions), and requirements specific to operational sites within the Operations Department. Responsibility for development, implementation, and maintenance of the management system, and compliance with its provisions, rests with line management—a logical extension of the accountability and responsibility for safety, health and environment matters that rests squarely on the shoulders of all line managers within BHPP. The Safety, Health and Environment Department provides expert advice, document control, training and auditing expertise, and offers a pool of experts available for participation in projects on a consultative basis. For contractor management, the BHPP system mandates intensive scrutiny of contractor safety, health and environmental performance and the systems that the contractor has in place to manage that performance, beginning at the stage of contract prequalification. Failure to meet the minimum standards set by BHPP will disqualify a contractor from contract tendering unless and until remedial action is taken. The ultimate aim of the BHPP system is a level of safety, health and environmental performance which leads the world—no injuries, no workplace health or hygiene problems and no adverse effect on the environment.
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Redwood, Alec J., Lee M. Smith, Megan L. Lloyd, Lyn A. Hinds, Christopher M. Hardy, and Geoffrey R. Shellam. "Prospects for virally vectored immunocontraception in the control of wild house mice (Mus domesticus)." Wildlife Research 34, no. 7 (2007): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr07041.
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The wild house mouse (Mus domesticus) is not native to Australia and was introduced from Europe with early settlement. It undergoes periodic population explosions or plagues, which place significant economic and social burdens on agricultural communities. Present control mechanisms rely on improvements to farm hygiene and the use of rodenticides. This review covers over a decade of work on the use of virally vectored immunocontraception (VVIC) as an adjunct method of controlling mouse populations. Two viral vectors, ectromelia virus (ECTV) and murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) have been tested as potential VVIC vectors: MCMV has been the most widely studied vector because it is endemic to Australia; ECTV less so because its use would have required the introduction of a new pathogen into the Australian environment. Issues such as efficacy, antigen choice, resistance, transmission, species specificity and safety of VVIC are discussed. In broad terms, both vectors when expressing murine zona pellucida 3 (mZP3) induced long-term infertility in most directly inoculated female mice. Whereas innate and acquired resistance to MCMV may be a barrier to VVIC, the most significant barrier appears to be the attenuation seen in MCMV-based vectors. This attenuation is likely to prevent sufficient transmission for broad-scale use. Should this issue be overcome, VVIC has the potential to contribute to the control of house mouse populations in Australia.
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Halkett, G. K. B., J. McKay, D. G. Hegney, Lauren J. Breen, M. Berg, M. A. Ebert, M. Davis, and R. Kearvell. "Radiation therapists' and radiation oncology medical physicists' perceptions of work and the working environment in Australia: a qualitative study." European Journal of Cancer Care 26, no. 5 (May 5, 2016): e12511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12511.
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Liu, Q. J., Y. B. Feng, K. London, and P. Zhang. "Stressors in the multicultural construction working environment." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 042010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/4/042010.
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Abstract Due to the dynamic and complex nature of the construction industry, construction workers are often exposed to a range of stressors which are causative factors for mental health problems. Simultaneously, intercultural contact between workers in a multicultural working environment may aggravate mental health issues. A better understanding of stressors can contribute to the development of targeted measures for mental health prevention and promotion. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the correlation between stressors and mental health for construction workers in a culturally diverse working environment. Data were collected using questionnaires from 252 construction workers in Australia. The Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyse the collected data. The results revealed the significant correlations between stressors and mental health outcomes and indicated the most significant stressors from work, personal and cultural domains. The findings provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers on the development of mental health interventions for construction workforce in a multicultural context. Researchers could also benefit from an in-depth comprehension on the causative factors of psychological issues in the construction industry.
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Carden, Tony, Natassia Goode, and Paul Salmon. "Work Domain Analysis of a Regulatory System to Support System Redesign." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 793–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621180.
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Led outdoor activities such as rock climbing, canoeing, and hiking, involve intentional engagement with risk. Organizations that provide these activities are obliged to manage risk by eliminating or minimizing health and safety risks so far as is reasonably practicable. Regulating safety across this industry sector therefore presents special challenges. The current regulatory environment for led outdoor activity safety in Victoria, Australia consists of multiple, loosely connected instruments and agencies. This study used Work Domain Analysis to develop a model of the functional structure of the regulatory system. The model was then used in interviews with domain experts to identify problems with the structure, efficiency and effectiveness of the regulatory system. A model of the functional structure of the system was developed and system weaknesses identified. Next steps toward reform of this system and implications for other regulatory regimes are discussed.
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Dickson, Judith. "Clinical Legal Education in the 21st Century: Still Educating for Service?" International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 1 (July 18, 2014): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v1i0.129.
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<p>As a lawyer and clinical legal educator, I have direct experience of the ways in which clinical legal education programmes in Australia2 provide legal services to poor and disadvantaged people. In this context I recently began to wonder about the image of lawyers and of the legal profession, that other clinical educators and I portray in our work and about the values underlying clinical legal education.3 I began to think that despite a longstanding commitment to access to justice,4 clinical legal education in Australia might actually be acquiescing in a notion of professionalism that is counter to that commitment. </p><p>In this article I explore the connection between the continuing commitment of clinical legal education to the provision of legal services to those unable to otherwise afford them and the notions of professionalism traditionally adopted by the organised legal profession. In doing so I focus on the Australian legal environment as the one with which I am most familiar. However, I believe the issues I raise are relevant for other legal educators concerned about the state of the legal profession in their jurisdictions and about the values which clinical legal education imparts to law students.</p>
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Casanova, Michelle T. "An overview of Nitella (Characeae, Charophyceae) in Australia." Australian Systematic Botany 22, no. 3 (2009): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb08039.
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The genus Nitella Ag. in algal family Characeae is characterised by furcate (forked) branchlets, compressed oospores (i.e. oval in cross-section), terminal antheridia and a 10-celled coronula on the oogonium. Species of Nitella are submerged plants that grow in a variety of wetland and riverine habitats. Approximately 89 taxa of Nitella (species, subspecies, varieties and forms) have been described on the basis of Australian collections, and published estimates of the number of species range from 18 to >35. The lower value is based on the assumption that infra-specific variation is great, species have a wide distribution, monoecy and dioecy are not indicative of speciation and the number of furcations and the ratio of branchlet segment lengths vary for a species owing to the environment in which they grow. The higher value is based on evidence that morphological characters are relatively constant for a species, that oospore variation is a good indication of speciation and that monoecious and dioecious entities are not inter-fertile. An overview of Australian members of the genus is presented here as a framework for further taxonomic work. Representatives of all three subgenera of Nitella occur in Australia, with subgenus Nitella poorly represented, and subgenera Tieffallenia and Hyella equally speciose. The subgenera are defined here in relation to the Australian taxa they contain. In the present treatment, section Migularia is transferred from subgenus Tieffallenia to subgenus Hyella, and several species are transferred to subgenus Tieffallenia. Within subgenus Tieffallenia, variation in vegetative and oospore morphology is useful for distinguishing among sections and species. However, although members of subgenus Hyella display a similar range of variation in vegetative morphology, most of the species have similar, reticulate, oospore ornamentation. Australia is home to a large number of endemic species of Nitella, many of which are dioecious. The total number of species and the degree of endemism have been underestimated in earlier studies, and it is likely that more than 50 species of Nitella will be recognised on the basis of Australian specimens. A key to the subgenera, and keys to sections in the subgenera are provided.
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Bennett, John McLean, Alex McBratney, Damien Field, Darren Kidd, Uta Stockmann, Craig Liddicoat, and Samantha Grover. "Soil Security for Australia." Sustainability 11, no. 12 (June 21, 2019): 3416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11123416.
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Soil Security is an emerging sustainability science concept with global application for guiding integrated approaches to land management, while balancing ecosystem services, environmental, social, cultural, and economic imperatives. This discussion paper sets the scene for an Australian Soil Security framework as an example of how it might be developed for any country, defining the key issues and justification for Soil Security, as well as detailing implementation requirements and benefits; two examples of beneficial outcomes are provided in terms of facilitating decommoditization of agricultural products and the impact of urban encroachment on productive land. We highlight research gaps, where new knowledge will contribute to well-rounded approaches that reflect differing stakeholder perspectives. We also provide key nomenclature associated with a potential Soil Security framework so that future discussions may use a common language. Through this work we invite scientific and policy discourse with the aim of developing more informed responses to the myriad of competing demands placed on our soil systems.
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Fergusson, Lee, Luke van der Laan, Bradley Shallies, and Matthew Baird. "Work, resilience and sustainable futures." Journal of Work-Applied Management 12, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwam-11-2019-0036.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThis paper examines the relationship between work, resilience and sustainable futures for organisations and communities by considering the nature of work-related problems (WRPs) and the work-based research designed to investigate them. The authors explore the axis of work environment > work-related problem > resilience > sustainable futures as it might be impacted by work-based research.Design/methodology/approachThe paper introduces two current real-world examples, one in Australia and one in Asia, of work-based research projects associated with higher education aimed at promoting resilience and sustainability, and discusses the research problems, questions, designs, methods, resilience markers and sustainability markers used by these projects.FindingsWork-based research, when conducted rigorously using mixed methods, may contribute to increased resilience of organisations and communities and thereby seeks to promote more sustainable organisational and social futures.Practical implicationsWork-based research conducted in higher education seeks to investigate, address and solve WRP, even when such problems occur in unstable, changing, complex and messy environments.Social implicationsResilience and sustainable futures are ambiguous and disputed terms, but if work-based research can be brought to bear on them, organisations and communities might better adapt and recover from challenging situations, thus reducing their susceptibility to shock and adversity.Originality/valueWhile resilience and sustainability are commonly referred to in the research literature, their association to work, and specifically problems associated with work, have yet to be examined. This paper goes some of the way to addressing this need.