Academic literature on the topic 'Work crimes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Work crimes"
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Lei Hao, Khoo Terh Jing, Zhang Ruirui, Ha Chin Yee, Shi Yangle, and Chen Siyao. "Application of Big Data in The Prevention of Work-Related Crimes in Early-Stage Construction Engineering." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 32, no. 2 (September 7, 2023): 457–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.32.2.457474.
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Preventing work-related crimes in the early stages of construction projects is a crucial way to ensure the safety, efficiency, and integrity of construction projects. Big data technology offers great potential to enhance crime prevention strategies through advanced data analytics and predictive models. The early stage of construction projects includes bidding, land acquisition, demolition, approval, and procurement. Work-related crimes in the early stage of construction projects mainly involve corruption, bribery crimes, and dereliction of work-related crimes. This paper discussed the application of big data in the prevention of work-related crimes in the early stage of construction projects. First of all, this paper explored the characteristics of work-related crimes in the early stage of construction projects, and the patterns and types of crimes; secondly, identified the role of big data technology in the prevention of work-related crimes in the early stage of construction projects; finally, based on the survey results and analysis, this paper proposed to use work-related crime prevention strategy of big data technology in the early stage of construction projects. The research used quantitative research methods and simple random sampling to select various construction projects in Zhejiang, Beijing, Shandong, Guangdong, Henan, Jiangsu, Hebei, Hubei, Fujian, and Liaoning, which are the ten regions with the highest occurrence of work-related crimes in China. The target samples of this research included construction workers, construction companies, relevant stakeholders, and professionals closely related to the construction industry. An online questionnaire was administered to the participants for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The result of this research demonstrated the importance of big data technology in the prevention of work-related crimes in the early stages of construction projects.
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Spencer, Dale C., Rosemary Ricciardelli, Dale Ballucci, and Kevin Walby. "Cynicism, dirty work, and policing sex crimes." Policing: An International Journal 43, no. 1 (December 4, 2019): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-07-2019-0123.
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Purpose Digital evidence is now infused in many (or arguably most) cases of sexual assault, which has refigured investigative tools, policing strategies and sources of cynicism for those working in sex crime units. Although cynicism, both its sources and affects, is widely studied among scholars of work and policing, little is known about how police working in sex crime units experience, mitigate and express cynicism. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap in understanding and explore the role of cynicism amongst investigators working in sex crime units. Design/methodology/approach To address this research gap, the authors conducted 70 semi-structured in-depth interviews and two focus groups with members of police services organizations across Canada working in sex crime units. Findings Examining sources of cynicism and emotional experiences, the authors reveal that officers in these units normalize and neutralize organizational and intra-organizational sources of cynicism, and cope with the potentially traumatizing and emotionally draining realities of undertaking this form of “dirty work.” The authors show that officer cynicism extends beyond offenders into organizational and operational aspects of their occupations and their lived experiences outside of work, which has implications for literature on police work, cynicism and digital policing. Originality/value The authors contribute to the literature on cyber policing by, first, examining sex crimes unit member’s sources of cynicism in relation to sex crimes and the digital world and, second, by exploring sources of cynicism in police organizations and other branches in the criminal justice system. The authors examine how such cynicism seeps into relationships outside of the occupation. The authors’ contribution is in showing that cynicism related to police dirty work is experienced in relation to “front” and “back” regions (Dick, 2005) but also in multiple organizational and social spheres. The authors contribute to the extant literature on dirty work insofar as it addresses the underexplored dirty work associated with policing cyber environments and the morally tainted elements of such policing tasks.
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Pollman, Elizabeth. "The crime of aggression and the case of Ukraine." American Yearbook of International Law 1, no. 1 (January 15, 2023): 694–729. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/ayil.33049.
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Crime of aggression, international crisis, protection of human rights and international criminal justice are some of the notions that in last years the international community seek to find a commonly accepted basis to examine and analyze them. Particularly, the crime of aggression in recent years has changed its “face” and an attempt has been made to find application in the more stringent context of international crimes. The Ukrainian case is one of the latest examples and certainly not the last where international crimes, and the International Criminal Court must find the way to punish this atrocity as punishable crimes and as a purpose not only for the evolution of international crime law but also for the international peace and the world criminal justice. The present work tries to concretely analyze the crime of aggression in the occurrence of Ukrainian crisis and the work begun with the repression of international crimes and especially that of aggression.
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KOKOREV, EVGENY V. "Importance of correct registration of voluntary surrender materials by staff of penal system operational units in case of revealing and solving crimes of past years." Vedomosti (Knowledge) of the Penal System 233, no. 10 (2021): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.51522/2307-0382-2021-233-10-60-68.
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A voluntary surrender as a way of reporting a crime contributes to the crime solving rate, the restoration of social justice and the inevitability of responsibility and makes it possible to solve crimes of past years. The work on organizing, receiving, considering and verifying the statements of convicts about their voluntary surrender is of great importance in the activities of the staff of the penal system’s operational units. The aim of the study was to define the importance of the voluntary surrender for the crime solving rate, the peculiarities of the work organization and registration of the voluntary surrender of convicts by operational officers of the penal system. The methodological basis was the research of scientific works, regulatory legal acts, statistical, analytical methods, systematization. The author evaluated the importance of the work carried out by operational divisions of the penal system on receiving, considering and verifying the statements of convicts on voluntary surrender for identifying and solving crimes of past years, identified a number of problematic issues that arise during the registration of materials on voluntary surrender, developed proposals for improving the activities of the penal system’s operational units in the field of processing procedural documents when accepting, considering and verifying voluntary surrender statements. It is proposed to create a unified practical manual for all practical units and cadets of educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia on the preparation of documentation of the convict’s voluntary surrender, which will help to avoid errors and will contribute to revealing and solving crimes of past years. Key words: voluntary surrender, the content of the voluntary surrender statement, crimes of past years, the fight against crime, the reception and registration of statements and reports of a crime in prisons, the identification and solving of crimes.
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Nuzhdin, Andrey. "Technical and Forensic Support for the Prevention of Penitentiary Crimes." Russian Journal of Criminology 15, no. 6 (December 28, 2021): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2021.15(6).797-806.
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Crimes committed by convicts serving criminal punishments present an urgent social problem. Although inmates are isolated and under constant control, the number of penitentiary crimes is growing. The identification of the whole complex of circumstances contributing to penitentiary crimes and their elimination are a guarantee of successful work on preventing crimes of this type. The potential of modern achievements in science and technology should be actively used in preventive work. Many legal scholars stress that the possibilities of using technical means, techniques and methods in the process of preventing crime (including penitentiary crime) are undervalued. Employees of preliminary investigation bodies and penitentiary institutions, in their turn, do not give value to the technical-forensic support (and sometime do not simply understand its possibilities) of preventing penitentiary crime. At the same time, their high priority and value in the organization of preventive work is beyond doubt. The article describes the theoretical basis of using technical-forensic means, offers their classification, shows key spheres of their use. The author stresses the preventive potential of special equipment available in each correctional institution (technical means of security and supervision). The article presents and offers a detailed classification of technical-forensic means, techniques and methods of preventing penitentiary crimes.
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Afanasyeva, Olga, Maria Goncharova, and Valentina Shiyan. "The Condition and Trends of Crimes Committed in Public Places." Russian Journal of Criminology 13, no. 6 (December 26, 2019): 895–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2019.13(6).895-908.
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The success of prevention greatly depends on its proper support by research. In the present situation with crime counteraction, it is impossible to achieve substantial results without using the advances of research. Criminological research of different types of crimes makes it possible to focus on their specific features. The authors of the article analyze the current situation with crimes committed in public places and their trends. It is noted that a third of all crimes in official statistics was committed in public places; their structure is dominated by theft, plunder and illegal drug trade. The general reduction of the level of crime in public places, characteristic for 2016, was accompanied by a growth in the number of crimes in the sphere of illegal trade in arms, drugs, and the number of thefts. The authors pay special attention to street crimes (summarize criminological approaches to the concept of «street crime», show its dynamics, structure, consequences, influence on the situation with public order and public safety, socio-psychological state of the society and the assessment of the work of the police). The results of researching crimes in public places at the regional level are presented. Using the analysis of statistical data from State Information and Analytical Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the authors state that the Central Federal District is one of the most problematic from the criminal viewpoint in the country. A high coefficient of crimes in public places is observed in the Siberian, Far East, Ural Federal Districts. Key modern trends of crimes in public places include: a dominant share of crimes against property; unlawful use of modern information and communication technologies for criminal purposes; links with transnational organized crime; a steady trend for a younger age of persons who commit crimes of this type. The results of the conducted research make it possible to determine new criminal challenges, identify priorities of preventive work, use and develop measures aimed at improving the counteraction not only to crimes in public places, but to crimes in general.
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Ignatieva, Т. I., and A. A. Pavlova. "Problems of organizing the work of law enforcement agencies in identifying persons who committed remote crimes." Vestnik of North-Eastern Federal University. History. Political Science. Law, no. 4 (January 9, 2024): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25587/2587-5612-2023-4-32-41.
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As part of the study of the problem, the criminological structure of the personality of the criminal who committed a crime in the field of information and telecommunications technologies is reflected: the analysis of the criminal’s personality for the period 2014 – 2022, formed by the Information Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), according to the algorithm for the formation of section 9 “Information on crimes committed using information and telecommunications state statistical reporting form No. 4-USGS, where the general condition of the report is determined by the list of crimes (List No.25 “Crimes committed with the use (application) of information and telecommunication technologies or in the field of computer information” The list of articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter List No.25), introduced by the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation from the beginning of 2022. To identify some of the personality traits of a computer criminal, the age, gender, level of education, citizenship, ability to work and social status of the person were determined, according to the data of the statistical card form No.2 “Statistical card for the person who committed the crime” issued by the accounting entities. When identifying persons who have committed crimes in the field of information and telecommunication technologies (ITT) or in the field of computer information, law enforcement agencies are experiencing difficulties with staffing, because the investigation of computer crimes requires not only legal knowledge and practical forensic skills, but also the ability to understand the computer system or their network, and logistical equipment is also necessary and interaction with credit institutions, mobile operators and Internet services. At the same time, the main measure to counter this type of crime remains only prevention. In order to improve the operational and official activities of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the concentration of personnel efforts to achieve final results in the performance of assigned tasks and the implementation of functions (incentives), a proposal has been made, in terms of additions to the estimated indicator on the number of solved crimes in the field of ITT, transferred under investigation without de-registration from other subjects of the Russian Federation.
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Agub, Nelmar P., and Robino D. Cawi. "The Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on Crimes in The Province of Isabela." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XI, no. III (2024): 168–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.1103013.
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This paper focuses on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on crimes, particularly on the prevailing crimes, crime trends, crime schemes or commissions, and the Police response to the crimes between non-pandemic and pandemic periods. The study used an explanatory sequential approach to reciprocally support groups of data. The quantitative data is taken from the PNP Crime Information Reporting and Analysis System (CIRAS) of cities and selected municipalities affected by COVID-19 in the Province of Isabela. The qualitative data were collected through a semi-structured interview with the Chief of Police and investigators of the station. The study revealed that homicide, rape, violation of RA No. 11332, and vehicular incidents were the most committed. Intoxication is the key player in crimes and a shift to the subject was noted. The upward trajectory of crime during the pandemic was interconnected with the violation of the Republic Act (R.A.) No. 11332 through disobedience and arrogance to the person in authority. Income-related crimes are noted to have just emerged while work-and-business-related crimes have gone during the pandemic. The crime trend shows that if the pandemic persists, crimes dynamically trail an upward trend. The PNP in the Province of Isabela strictly adheres to its mandates and shows resiliency in pandemic crimes and COVID-19.
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Rudik, M. "CHARACTERISTIC OF CRIME RELATED TO THE ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING OF NARCOTIC DRUGS, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR ANALOGUES IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA." Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7, no. 3 (December 12, 2022): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2413-1733-2021-7-3(2)-253-263.
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The author analyzed the dynamics of crimes related to the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their analogues on the territory of the Republic of Crimea in 2016–2020. In addition, the structure of crime related to the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their analogues in the territory of the Republic of Crimea was analyzed. Some statistics indicate that the majority of crimes related to illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are committed by persons who do not have a permanent source of income. The author notes that at present, effective counteraction to drug-related crimes has a number of difficulties arising from the transition from contact types of sale to non-contact ones, which are actively used by persons distributing and selling narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. In countering such electronic methods of contactless sale of narcotic drugs, law enforcement agencies often work in an insufficient, and sometimes in a truncated format. The main difficulties in its high-quality implementation are reduced to the difficulties in the implementation of technical processing of the Internet messengers used for its implementation, operations with cryptocurrencies, as well as the use of anonymizers.
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Klementowski, Robert. "Financial Crime in the Operational Work of the State Security Service Until 1956 – Lower Silesian Perspective." Studia Historiae Oeconomicae 34, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sho-2016-0008.
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Abstract Nationalization and the introduction of state-controlled economy led to the emergence of abnormal social phenomena, including system-specific crimes. Economic transformations were the foundation of the systemic revolution carried out in the first decade after the Second World War, therefore they were the subject of interest for the Ministry of Public Security. That is why financial crimes were treated just like political crimes, which was also justified by legal provisions, as no specific definition of this type of crime existed. This allowed the authorities (secret police, prosecutor’s office, courts, media) to interpret the events according to their will and current political needs, and, as a result, to administer various overt or covert repressions (death penalty, imprisonment, forced cooperation with the secret police).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Work crimes"
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Miftari, Tringa. "COLLABORATION BETWEEN PROFESSIONALS: AN EXPLORATION OF HOW CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN ARE MANAGED : A case study at a Swedish Children's Advocacy Center." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-41163.
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Neder, Carolina Barbosa. "Memórias que não se apagam: o cotidiano de lutas das operárias na Manchester Mineira (1890-1954)." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3024.
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Juiz de Fora emergiu no início do século XX como o principal centro industrial do estado de Minas Gerais. Porém, entre as décadas de 1930 e 1960, enfrentou períodos de estagnação em sua economia, mas não deixou de trazer em sua identidade a marca de uma cidade operária. Nas inúmeras fábricas da cidade, grande parte do proletariado era constituída por mulheres. Assim, esta pesquisa traz uma análise sobre a inserção da mão-de-obra feminina no mercado de trabalho entre os anos de 1890 a 1954, sobretudo no que se refere aos jogos de poder que culminaram na máxima espoliação de sua força de trabalho e em crimes sexuais cometidos no interior de algumas fábricas da cidade. Para contar a história dessas mulheres, ainda esquecidas pelo discurso da historiografia tradicional, foram coletados diversos tipos de fontes como, processos trabalhistas, documentos sindicais, jornais, processos criminais, os códigos penais de 1890 e de 1940, além de entrevistas concedidas por sete ex-operárias das fábricas da cidade. A análise desse arcabouço documental trouxe importantes vestígios sobre os tipos de exploração e violência a que estavam submetidas essas operárias, evidenciando que muitas dessas trabalhadoras não se colocavam dispostas ao silêncio.
Juiz de Fora came up in the beginning of twentieth century as a more important industrial center of the Minas Gerais state. However, between 1930 and 1960 decades it faced economic stagnation periods always bringing in its identity the city worker stain. In the abundant city factories, the majority workman was constituted by women. So, this research brings an analyse about the insertion the female manpower in the work market between 1890 and 1954 years, principally concerning about power games that ended in the maximum plundering in its work force and sexual crimes that happened in some Juiz de Fora factories. To tell the story about these women, yet forgotten by the traditional historiography speech, several resources were colected like workers processes, sindical documents, papers, criminal processes, the 1890 and 1940 law codes and interviews with seven ex-workers in some of these Juiz de Fora factories. The documental analyse has brought some important traces about the kind of exploration and violence carried out against these female workers, showing that a lot of them didn’t stop talking and didn’t want to take over the silence behaviour.
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Kulisa, Judy. "Killing ostriches: Young women, family violence and youth work." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1534.
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Using a phenomenological approach, this study, "Killing Ostriches" sought to investigate the experience of violence in the home of a small group of young women living in the northern suburbs of Perth. Seven young women between the ages of 17-26 took part in the study. Five of these young women claimed to have experienced violence in their family of origin and the: remaining two, introduced for triangulation purposes, claimed not to have done so. The study sought, not only to explore the lived experience of violence in the home for these young women, but to also investigate their experience of youth work practice. Accounts of family violence provided indicate the significance and meaning of family violence for participants. What the study was not able to do is to provide accounts of aspects of youth work practice perceived as beneficial or detrimental by the young women involved in the study as none of them were aware of the availability of youth workers. They were unaware of other supports available to them and were also scared that if anyone found out, their situation would become intolerable. Each of these women chose not to disclose to anyone outside their immediate environment. For some of these young women I was the first person to whom they had disclosed much of their story. The study provides a better understanding of why it is that young women who have experienced violence in their family of origin do not disclose to others who might be in a position to support them and possibly stop the violence. The young women in this study were isolated from their peers and any support mechanisms that might have been available to them. The study, therefore, provides further insight into why it is that young women living in a violent environment choose to remain silent thereby maintaining the isolation associated with family violence. What is clear is that young women who have experienced violence, no matter what form that violence might have taken or where it is placed on the continuum of violence, have a need to discuss their experience with an individual they feel confident will support them according to their needs. What is also clear is that these particular young women were not aware of anyone who might fill this role. The literature shows the importance of identifying at least one attachment figure as early as possible in life, with whom a secure attachment may be developed. The women in this study have greater awareness of the issues involved in family violence than do many youth workers and other professionals to whom they might realistically go for help. What this study has shown is that there is need for further research based on the needs and experience of women, such as those involved in this study, to effectively answer the original research subquestion relating to youth work practice. It also suggests that youth work practioners should be involved in such research.
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Warden, Tara S. "The cost of dreaming : identifying the underlying social and cultural structures which push/pull victims into human traffic and commercial sexual exploitation in Central America." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/18521.
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This investigation explores the international perspectives of causality of human traffic, specifically, traffic into commercial sexual exploitation. Current Western approaches to combat trafficking centre around law and order, immigration issues, and victim protection programs. While these are important for a holistic effort to deter traffic, these foci overlook prevention endeavors, thereby acting as a band-aid on a bullet wound, addressing the symptoms, but not the foundation of trafficking. Western perspectives toward prevention concentrate on economic aspects of supply and demand while crediting the root cause to be poverty. Using social exclusion theory, this thesis demonstrates that the current paradigm of viewing human trafficking in purely economic terms is an oversimplification. This project proposes to widen the focus of prevention efforts those cultural and social structures which push and pull victims into trafficking. The research is a response to an international call for further initiatives to prevent human trafficking, the recent rise of human traffic in Guatemala, Central America and the lack of research which focuses on the social links with trafficking and mainstream society. Research conducted in Guatemala, included a thirteen-month ethnography and involved one-hundred and thirteen qualitative interviews conducted in nine Guatemalan cities strategically located along trafficking routes. The target research population included women sex workers and former traffic victims from Central America and included insights from non-governmental organizations workers. Twenty-three interviewees were Central American migrants which provided insight in the wider regional structures of traffic and commercial sexual exploitation. The interviews aimed at understanding the lived experiences of exploitation in order to determine whether social exclusion affects human traffic within commercial sexual exploitation. The findings revealed the underlying social and cultural structures which reinforce human trafficking. Empirical data collected provides real-time data on trafficking networks, commercial sexual exploitation and reveals the geo-political significance of Guatemala as a hot-spot for traffic. Analysis of interviews illustrates variations in the experience of human traffic and commercial sexual exploitation which challenges current western stereotypical ideas on traffic victims. Conceptually, macro-structures—political, economic, social, and violence—are presented as a back drop for the formation of wider networks of exploitation. The exploration of violence as a push factor challenges international forced repatriation policies. Micro-structures—gender roles, family, violence, and coping strategies—are examined in the ways they perpetuate social systems of trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation. Theoretically, the thesis argues against the current paradigm which narrowly focuses on economics, but calls for the incorporation of social exclusion theory to understand the multi-dimensionality of human traffic and its wider links to society in order to open up new dialogue for prevention between the West and the majority world.
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Heller, Paulina, and Karin Ulfsparre. "”…från att vara ett föremål av guld till en ’rostig metallbit’.” : en rättssociologisk studie, med en diskursanalytisk metod, av domar med hederskontext." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7290.
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This paper discusses honour related crimes and the judicial process within the legal system in a Swedish context. The empirical base of the study is four cases, with an honour background, and we have used discourse analysis as our method. We have developed four tools for analysing the sentences with which we observed aspects such as; language, the roles of victim and perpetrator that the involved can undertake, the different identities that the sentence might create and finally how the stories change when they enter the legal context. We connect our results to our theoretic backgrounds such as Kolfjord who discusses the legalization of conflicts, the holistic and individual perspective, the legal system as a theoretic background and finally the UN:s definition of honour crimes. These four theoretic perspectives have helped analyse the empiric base. The study reveals that the courts handle cases of honour without discussing that fact. It emerges aspects from the stories that are specific for honour crimes. The courts show a difficulty when handling cases with an honour background, there is a conflict between the group norms and the individualistic perspective. The courts describe honour in the empirical material despite the fact that honour has no legal grounds in the Swedish laws.
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Ames, Jessica Caryn. "Restorative justice including victims, offenders and communities in criminal justice dialogue : a project based upon an independent investigation /." Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/963.
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Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-101).
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White, Charlaine Annette Cecilia. "The promise of restorative justice: An outcomes evaluation of an Orange County Victim Offender Reconciliation Program, with focus on the victim's perspective." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1957.
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Victim-offender reconciliation programs (VORPs), the hallmark of the restorative justice movement, offer an alternative to the retributive approach to crime. These programs seek to bring the victim and offender together for purposes of working out a mediated settlement agreement.
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Van, Breda Edna Elizabeth. "Die behoefte aan ondersteuning van vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is : 'n ekologiese perspektief." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20163.
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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Intimate partner violence is world wide and in South Africa an increasing social problem that leads to life-threatening history of injuries and psychosocial problems. Intimate partner violence is a global phenomenon prevalent in all socio-economic, race, religion, cultural and geographical boundaries. Although women with a lack or low income is more at risk of intimate partner violence and this reinforces their dependency of the intimate partner violence relationship. The largest percentage of South Africa’s poor population lives in rural areas that make them more vulnerable for social problems because of their lack of adequate resources. Women in rural areas involved with intimate partner violence are physically isolated from a supportive social network and must travel far distances to gain access to formal support resources. The goal of the study is to gain an understanding of the support needs of women in rural areas that are involved in intimate partner violence from an ecological perspective. To achieve this goal, the objectives are: to explain the nature, extent and origin of intimate partner violence as a social problem; to discuss the relevance of the ecological perspective as a theoretical framework regarding the analyses of intimate partner violence; to describe the support needs of women in rural areas that is involved in intimate partner violence; to investigate the experience of women in rural areas that is involved in intimate partner violence regarding the availability of support; and to offer recommendations regarding the promotion of the support needs for women in rural areas that is expose to intimate partner violence. Combinations of a quantitative and qualitative research approach were used in the study. The study further assumed an exploratory and descriptive research design due to the lack of information on support that is available to women in rural areas that are involved in intimate partner violence. A purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. Data was gathered by means of a semi-structured questionnaire, which was administered during 20 individual interviews. This allowed for a holistic view of the participants beliefs about, or perceptions of the topic. The design of the questionnaire was based on the information obtained from the literature review. The findings of the empirical investigation mainly confirmed the findings of the literature study that those women in rural areas that are involved in intimate partner violence support needs, from multiple levels of the ecological perspective. This support entails both informal and formal support resources which vary from concrete, informational to emotional support in order to cope with stressful life situations. The most important recommendations resulting from the study indicate that social workers must use an ecological approach during service rendered to women in rural areas that are involved in intimate partner violence. This approach can be used to identify and strengthen support resources on a micro, meso, exo and macro system level. The study further indicate that social workers must collaborate with different government sectors such as health care, police and law enforcement in order to create a multi professional team that focus on the social functioning of families and the community as a entity. Social workers that render intervention services to women in rural areas that are exposed to intimate partner violence should focus on all levels of social work intervention. The recommendation emphasises the importance of women and the communities’ awareness regarding intimate partner violence to promote women independency and to promote and facilitate support groups.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Intiemepaargeweld is wêreldwyd asook in Suid-Afrika ‘n toenemende sosiale probleem wat ‘n geskiedenis van ernstige beserings en psigososiale probleme vir vroue tot gevolg het. Die universele gebeurtenisse van intiemepaargeweld vind plaas binne alle sosio-ekonomiese, ras-, geloofs-, kulturele en geografiese grense. Alhoewel vroue met gebrekkige of lae inkomste hulle ‘n groter risiko vir intiemepaargeweld maak, versterk dit ook vroue se afhanklikheid van die intiemepaargeweldverhouding. Die meerderheid van Suid-Afrika se arm populasie woon in landelike gebiede, wat hulle meer kwesbaar maak vir maatskaplike probleme weens die gebrek aan genoegsame hulpbronne. Vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, is fisies geïsoleerd van ‘n ondersteunende sosiale netwerk en moet ver afstande reis om toegang tot formele ondersteuningshulpbronne te kry. Die doel van hierdie studie is om met behulp van die ekologiese perspektief die behoefte aan ondersteuning van vroue wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, beter te verstaan. Om hierdie doel te bereik, is die doelwitte: om die aard, omvang en oorsprong van intiemepaargeweld as ‘n maatskaplike probleem te verduidelik; om die relevansie van die ekologiese perspektief as teoretiese raamwerk vir die ontleding van intiemepaargeweld te bespreek; om die ondersteuning wat nodig is vir vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, te omskryf; om ondersoek in te stel na die ervaring van vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, ten opsigte van die beskikbaarheid van ondersteuning; en om aanbevelings te maak ten opsigte van die bevordering van die ondersteuning vir vroue in landelike gebiede wat aan intiemepaargeweld blootgestel word. ‘n Kombinasie van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenaderings is in hierdie studie gebruik. Tydens hierdie ondersoek is ook beide ‘n verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerp benut, aangesien die beskikbare literatuur ‘n gebrek aan inligting aangaande ondersteuning wat beskikbaar is aan vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, toon. ‘n Doelbewuste streekproefmetode is geselekteer om deelnemers te verkry. Die data is ingevorder deur die gebruik van ‘n semi-gestruktureerde vraelys tydens 20 afsonderlike individuele onderhoude. Sodoende kon ‘n geheelbeeld van die deelnemers se oortuigings en persepsies aangaande die onderwerp van die studie verkry word. Die samestelling van die vraelys berus op inligting wat uit die literatuurstudie verkry is. Die resultate van die ondersoek het hoofsaaklik die bevindinge van die literatuurstudie bevestig dat vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, ‘n behoefte aan ondersteuning op veelvoudige vlakke van die ekologiese perspektief het. Hierdie ondersteuning behels beide informele en formele ondersteuningsbronne en varieer vanaf konkrete, informatiewe tot emosionele ondersteuning ten einde stresvolle lewensituasies te kan hanteer. Die belangrikste aanbevelings van hierdie studie dui daarop dat maatskaplike werkers die ekologiese perspektief moet gebruik tydens dienste wat aan vroue in landelike gebiede wat by intiemepaargeweld betrokke is, gelewer word. Hierdie perspektief kan die nodige ondersteuningshulpbronne identifiseer en versterk om die nodige ondersteuning aan hierdie vroue op ‘n mikro-, meso-, ekso- en makrosisteemvlak te bied. Die aanbevelings dui ook aan dat maatskaplike werkers saam met verskeie regeringsektore, naamlik gesondheidsorg-, polisie- en wetstoepassingsdienste, ‘n multi-professionele span vorm sodat daar op die sosiale funksionering van gesinne en gemeenskap as ‘n geheel gefokus word. Maatskaplike werkers wat intervensiedienste lewer aan vroue in landelike gebiede wat aan intiemepaargeweld blootgestel word, moet op alle maatskaplikewerk-intervensievlakke fokus. Die aanbevelings beklemtoon die noodsaaklikheid van vroue en die gemeenskappe se bewustheid rakende intiemepaargeweld om sodoende vroue se onafhanklikheid te bevorder en ondersteuningsgroepe te bevorder en te fasiliteer.
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Svensson, Glaser Matilda. "Ideology or psychology? : A comparison of the news media framing of the crimes of Anton Lundin Pettersson and Rakhmat Akilov." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157235.
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In October 2015 and April 2017, Sweden was hit by two of the most notorious deadly attacks in modern history. The first was directed towards people of immigrant backgrounds at a school in Trollhättan, the second took place in Stockholm, where a truck drove straight through the crowded pedestrian street of Drottninggatan. In this thesis, frame analysis is used to study how four major Swedish newspapers (Aftonbladet, Expressen, Dagens Nyheter and Göteborgs-Posten) portray the acts of the assailants Anton Lundin Pettersson (N = 89) and Rakhmat Akilov (N = 173), respectively and comparatively. Previous research suggests a disparity in the framing of “international” (i.e. Islamist) and “domestic” (e.g. right-wing) extremists, where the former are typically politicized and treated as part of a larger terrorist threat while the latter are described as mentally ill lunatics with individual motives. This thesis partly enforces this, by showing how Lundin Pettersson’s actions are psychologized to a larger extent than Akilov’s, which are rather put in a standard terrorism frame, as a symbol of “the terrorists’” war on “the West”. The results also show several similarities in framing, like how counterimages are used to strengthen the norms and values of the ingroup after both attacks.
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Panichelli, Meg Rose. "The Intersections of Good Intentions, Criminality, and Anti-Carceral Feminist Logic: a Qualitative Study that Explores Sex Trades Content in Social Work Education." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4512.
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This study uses anti-carceral feminist logic to explore the cultural meanings, criminal implications, and neoliberal influence that shape the landscape of social work education about the sex trades in the United States and transnationally. "What are social work instructors teaching students about the sex trades in coursework?" is the question that directs the study, which uses a feminist qualitative methodology inclusive of intersectional feminist epistemology as well as direct content analysis. To answer this question, I analyzed 20 social work course syllabi from sex trade related courses across the contiguous United States and interviewed 20 social work instructors from 14 different states.
Study findings show that course content represents people in the sex trades primarily as victimized cisgender women and girls with a significant focus on sex trafficking, especially within the Global South. While there is some course content that portrays sex trade workers as having complex and autonomous experiences, this material is limited to courses that have "sex" or "sexuality" in the title (i.e. "sex trafficking" or "sexuality and social work" courses). Furthermore, course content that represents the intersectional experiences and impact of systemic violence encountered by trans women of color and LGBTQ+ people is underrepresented in the sample--confined to two course syllabi and visibly absent from remaining syllabi. The sample indicates the prevalence of carceral approaches to the sex trades with an unexamined and racially-biased emphasis upon rescue and/or incarceration. This project provides significant implications for social work education about the necessity of an anti-carceral feminist, intersectional, and consequently, an anti-oppressive approach to teaching about the sex trades.
Books on the topic "Work crimes"
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L, Gill M., ed. Crime at work. Leicester: Perpetuity Press, 1994.
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Chappell, Duncan. Violence at work. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1998.
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Wright, Peter. Victims of crime: A social work perspective. Norwich: University of East Anglia in association with Social Work Today, 1986.
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Cheats at work: An anthropology of workplace crime. Aldershot, Hants., England: Dartmouth, 1994.
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A work of art. Blue Ash, OH: Merit Press, 2015.
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Staying safe at work. New York: Rosen Pub. Group, 1995.
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Kyazze, Michael David. Rustlings of the mulberry tree: A work of fiction. [Kampala]: Deft Publilshing Ltd., 2014.
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Rowett, Colin. Violence in social work: A research study of violence in the contextof local authority social work. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, Institute of Criminology, 1986.
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Rowett, Colin. Violence in social work: A research study of violence in the context of local authority social work. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, Institute of Criminology, 1986.
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Rowett, Colin. Violence in social work: A research study of violence in the context of local authority social work. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, Institute of Criminology, 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Work crimes"
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Ainsworth, Peter B., and Ken Pease. "Places and Crimes." In Police Work, 80–92. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003376330-7.
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Davies, Pamela, and Victor Jupp. "Crime-Work Connections: Exploring the ‘Invisibility’ of Workplace Crime." In Invisible Crimes, 54–74. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27641-7_3.
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Sanders, Teela, Jane Scoular, Rosie Campbell, Jane Pitcher, and Stewart Cunningham. "Crimes and Safety in the Online Sex Industry." In Internet Sex Work, 87–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65630-4_4.
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Taylor, Chloë. "The Perverse Implantation and Sex Work." In Foucault, Feminism and Sex Crimes, 153–74. 1 [edition]. | New York : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429429866-8.
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Campbell, Rosie, and Teela Sanders. "Sex Work, Crimes and Policing in the UK." In Sex Work and Hate Crime, 29–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86949-6_3.
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Rothe, Dawn L., and Victoria E. Collins. "An extension of Frank Pearce’s work on crimes of the powerful." In Revisiting Crimes of the Powerful, 245–56. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Crimes of the powerful: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315212333-21.
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Cowburn, Malcolm. "Values in Work with People Who Commit Sex Crimes." In Probation and Politics, 77–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59557-7_5.
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Watson, Danielle, Loene Howes, Sinclair Dinnen, Melissa Bull, and Sara N. Amin. "Trends in and Social Dynamics of Crime in the Pacific." In Palgrave's Critical Policing Studies, 37–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10635-4_3.
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AbstractAn understanding of policing dynamics requires an examination of not only the landscape of criminal activities that police encounter and work in, but also the socio-political processes that produce crime in a given community and context. This chapter provides an overview of crime trends in Pacific Islands countries and territories (PICTs) in the twenty-first century and discusses some key social dynamics producing various crimes. It pays special attention to crimes and violence experienced by young people and women, as well as how neoliberal globalisation has produced new vulnerabilities in PICTs, including expanding organised and transnational crime, such as drug trafficking and cybercrime. The chapter includes suggestions for where there are research and data gaps, and how future research and policy should aim to close these gaps to further inform crime-related policies.
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Boldyreva, Anna, Mikhail Alexandrov, Olexiy Koshulko, and Oleg Sobolevskiy. "Internet Queries as a Tool for Analysis of Regional Police Work and Forecast of Crimes in Regions." In Advances in Computational Intelligence, 290–302. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62434-1_25.
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Jacquelin, Alice. "Didier Daeninckx, Le roman noir de l’Histoire (2019): Dismantling the Tale of French History through Disseminated Micro-Histories." In Contemporary European Crime Fiction, 149–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21979-5_9.
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AbstractThis chapter examines the excavation of memories and truths that officialdom would rather remain buried in the work of French noir novelist Didier Daeninckx. It examines Daeninckx’s (Le roman noir de l’Histoire. Lagrasse: Verdier, 2019) magnum opus Le roman noir de l’Histoire. This is not a novel as historical document or as historical mimesis but rather a collection of seventy-six short stories that collectively recount eleven periods in French and European history from 1855 to 2030—and where the emphasis is placed on the kaleidoscopic nature of ‘history from below’, that is, individual fragments that do not necessarily add up to a coherent whole. The chapter argues that Daeninckx’s move from the crime novel to short stories (where crimes occur) complicates the genre’s typical preference for linearity where a single investigation is brought to resolution.
Conference papers on the topic "Work crimes"
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Elinskiy, Valeriy. "DISCLOSURE OF PAST CRIMES." In Law and law: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02033-3/212-217.
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Kurapka, Vidmantas Egidijus, Henryk Malewsky, Snieguole Matuliene, and Rolandas Kriksciunas. "HATE CRIMES: TRENDS IN LITHUANIA." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s02.009.
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Human dignity is inviolable. It must be respected and protected. Everyone has the right to respect for his or her physical and mental integrity. [1] Hate crimes are crimes motivated by racial, ethnic, or religious hatred or hostility. Media regularly reports violence against certain ethnic groups. Lithuania, like other EU countries, applies EU law directly or transposes it into national law. These changes have also had an impact on the fight against hate crime, as this type of crime has received increasing attention from the international community in recent years. Crimes of this sort not only cause physical and mental suffering or economic loss but also lead to changes in relations between different social groups, mistrust, suspicion, and hostility. These crimes can also lead to armed conflicts, forcing many people to flee their homes and seek asylum abroad. The increase in the number of victims of these crimes is a breeding ground for radical extremism and even terrorism. Countries work on improving laws criminalising hate crimes. Over the course of writing the present article, the author held meetings with representatives of the Jewish and sexual minority (LGBT) communities, conducted 35 indepth interviews with representatives of each group, and examined the EU and Lithuanian case law. Possible hate incidents recorded in the study range from verbal abuse to assault and knife stabbing. It has been found that people belonging to the Jewish and LGBT communities feel hostility not only from strangers but also from co-workers and peers. The Jewish community daily face anti-Semitic stereotypes and jokes, whether spoken directly to them or behind their backs. LGBT people also experience hatred from family members and relatives who not only stop communicating with them upon learning about their sexual orientation but also make insulting comments.
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Igrački, Jasmina, and Marina Brašovan Delić. "ALTERNATIVE CRIMINAL SANCTIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.3.7.22.p05.
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The workload of prisons and the increase in crime is not only a problem in the Republic of Serbia but in the region and the whole world. Therefore, the introduction of alternative sanctions is a step toward reducing the prison population, humanizing the sentence, reducing costs, avoiding the harmful consequences of imprisonment such as stigmatization, deprivation and privation instead of rehabilitation, a positive effect on recidivism, crime prevention, and prevention. The application of alternative criminal sanctions is only at first sight more significant only for minor, possibly moderate crimes. In the first place, that is true, because they are intended for this category of crimes - their perpetrators. However, their application is also of great importance for serious crimes, because it saves the resources of criminal justice, which can be focused on combating serious crimes. Unfortunately, we cannot say that our judicial system applies alternative sanctions exclusively in exchange for short-term imprisonment, which is indicated by the data on the number of persons who have served up to one year in prison in previous years. Statistical data for 2020 for the territory of the Republic of Serbia indicate the following application of alternative sanctions, and according to the Law on Execution of Extrajudicial Sanctions and Measures: Imprisonment served in the premises where the convict lives (house arrest with and without electronic supervision) - 3560, Probation with protective supervision- 19, Penalty of work in the public interest (decisions of the misdemeanor and criminal court) -156, Measure prohibiting leaving the apartment (house arrest) with and without electronic supervision -1066. Keywords: alternative sanctions, punishment, penal policy, excessive crime
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Turkova, Valentina Nikolaevna, Anastasia Nikolaevna Archipova, and Nikolai Nikolaevich Kitaev. "Improper work of Russian law-enforcement agencies as determinant of corruption-related crimes committed by government officials." In International Conference on Trends of Technologies and Innovations in Economic and Social Studies 2017. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ttiess-17.2017.118.
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Saeed Ghafoor Ahmad, Kosar, and Amanj nasih qadir omer. "Prosecuting the perpetrators of the Camp Speicher crime according to Iraqi laws or the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/45.
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"This work includes talking about the crime of Camp Speicher, in which 1,700 students of the Iraqi army of the Sheea creed were killed by the gangs of the terrorist organization ISIS, with the aim of eliminating the members of this sect because of the misleading ideology carried by those gangs. On 6-12-2014, Iraqi soldiers at Camp Speicher (Speicher Air Base) in Tikrit were subjected to murder and enforced disappearance by terrorist organizations because of their affiliation to the Sheea creed. This crime was among a series of brutal crimes for the genocide of Sheeas in Iraq. This is similar to what happened in the Badoush prison crime in the province of Mosul, which the Iraqi Parliament considered it as a crime of genocide, in which these gangs executed about (400) members of the prison inmates of the Sheea component. After ISIS took control of the city of Tikrit in Iraq, and one day after they took control of the city of Mosul, they captured (2000-2200) soldiers and led them to the presidential palaces in Tikrit, and they shot them there and in other areas and buried some of them alive. This disaster had a negative impact on the families of the victims of the Speicher where they went out in demonstrations demanded that the leaders who handed over the victims of Speicher to ISIS must be prosecuted, and in one of the demonstrations they managed to enter Parliament and demanded that the leaders who handed over Speicher to ISIS be held accountable. After that, many demonstrations took place by the families of the victims, some of which led to the closure of a bridge in Baghdad a few times Protesting the government's delay in clarifying the fate of their children or taking quick measures. The Iraqi parliament and government recently considered the Speicher incident “genocide” in reference to the premeditated murder of Badoush Prison inmates in Nineveh Governorate and the unarmed Speicher military base, the premeditated murder of members of the Albu Nimr, Jabour, al-Lahib, and al-Ubaid tribes, and the killing and displacement of civilians from Kurds, Christians, Yazidis and Shabaks in Sahel Nineveh, Sinjar, deliberate killing and displacement of Turkmens in Tal Afar and Bashir. This decision paves the way for obtaining international recognition from it as a ""genocide"" as stipulated in the Contract of the United Nations in 1948, and Iraq signed it in the fifties of the last century. This study attempts to explain the Al-Ikhnasas Court in looking into the crimes of genocide committed by ISIS against the bereaved students of the Air Force Base (Speicher) due to what this issue raised from the national and international public opinion, especially after the involvement of the Iraqi army leaders in this massacre, according to what witnesses reported in that area and what was reported by soldiers who survived the incident, in addition to the involvement of some members of the Sunni tribes in these crimes with the terrorist organization ISIS. The importance of this study lies in the following aspects: - That ISIS elements were tried according to Anti-Terrorism Law No. 13 of 2005, and from our point of view that the aforementioned law is vague and broader than it should be, and it applies to serious and simple crimes from murder to crimes of sabotage, and the list of crimes punishable by the death penalty according to the aforementioned law is a long list and spacious. - The Iraqi government has embarked on an attempt to develop a legal framework to prosecute ISIS elements, and its mission focused on understanding the procedures and results drawn from those judicial efforts, and its mission also focused on showing the efforts taken by the Iraqi government to address violations in the field of the right to life, including those committed by affiliated forces government as well as other international and domestic actors. The International Criminal Court is specialized in considering specific crimes under Article (5) of its Statute, which are war crimes, aggression and crimes against humanity, which necessitates the adaptation of Speicher's crime within any of the mentioned types of crimes. The assumption of the International Criminal Court in relation to the Speicher crime, includes several positive matters and results at the same time a set of negatives, which must be presented to those positives and negatives in order to give preference between them and the choice of authorizing the court to consider the crime or not. The terrorist organization ISIS has committed serious systematic violations, including war crimes and others, and perhaps those that are not under its control, and that none of these crimes can be addressed within the anti-terrorism law, which cannot address human rights violations. The international community has recognized the heinous violations committed by ISIS against the citizens of Iraq by adopting Resolution (2370) in September of 2017, issued by the Security Council, which authorizes the Security Council to appoint an investigation team to support local efforts to hold ISIS elements accountable by collecting and preserving evidence in Iraq, which can rise to a high level, and it was committed by the elements of the organization. It considers that the decision constitutes a burden and an obligation on Iraq to investigate all allegations of violations committed by government forces for the purpose of holding them accountable, as well as requiring the establishment of special courts and trained judges in relation to ISIS crimes to deal with them. Terrorism is a global curse that has recently spread horizontally to all countries of the world and its effects have been concentrated vertically in some countries, and no one denies that the parties to this phenomenon are increasing (perpetrators and victims) and the United Nations in particular and the international community in general has not succeeded in reducing it despite the fact that the resolutions of the UN Security Council It is increasing, but the proportionality is absent between these decisions and the practical reality. The phenomenon of terrorism is spreading rapidly, and the perpetrators of terrorist acts are on the rise, corresponding to an increase in the victims of terrorism. Also, the circumstances and events that Iraq is going through, especially after 2003, put it at the forefront of countries which suffers from terrorism that has killed the people, using methods and forms that were not previously known and brutal and bloody cruel. ) for the year 2005, and since terrorism was not limited to Iraq, but included many countries, and was not specific to a place or time, nor was it recent in terms of composition. In addition, the aforementioned law cannot be aware of all violations of international and humanitarian law, as we mentioned previously, which requires the necessity of referring the criminals to a competent court. The Court conducts its rule under Article (13) of its Statute when referred to it by a state party to the same system or by the Security Council or when the Public Prosecutor conducts the investigation on his own, and then how does the Court take its measures regarding the aforementioned crime if we take a look Considering that the State of Iraq is not a member of the Statute of the Court. The rule of the court is free from the death penalty, which makes the idea of authorizing the court to consider the crime rejected by most Iraqis, especially the families of the victims. What are the negative aspects of the Iraqi national judiciary’s view of the Speicher crime, and how can it be avoided if the International Criminal Court plays this role? What are the guarantees provided by the court in the event that it proceeds with its procedures regarding this crime? The research on this subject is according to the appropriate method, which is the analytical and comparative method, which works on studying and comparing topics by analyzing ideas and jurisprudential rulings, and the positions of the governments of countries and the United Nations, as well as the resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly, and comparing arbitration between Iraqi courts. And the international courts regarding the trial of the perpetrators of the Speicher base crime, and then come up with a set of conclusions and recommendations."
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Крохичева, Галина, Galina Krohicheva, Диана Оганджанян, and Diana Ogandzhanyan. "Special features of offenses and crimes in the field of economics." In Modern problems of an economic safety, accounting and the right in the Russian Federation. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c506173dd8c96.66713056.
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The article reviews the problem of preventing offenses and crimes in the economic sphere. This question is one of the most important at present and occupies a central place in economic discussions and discussions. The work presents an analysis of the definitions of the concept “offense” and a list of arrangements necessary for the state to eliminate this problem
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Omelchenko, Viktoriia. "Gender-based sexual violence during wars: the Ukrainian experience." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.077.
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Background: Wars are always accompanied by various forms of violence. Gender-based violence occupies a special place. Currently, for the first time since the Second World War, the civilian population of Ukraine is facing widespread sexual violence, including rape, by the occupying forces. This situation requires a sociological study of sexual violence that takes into account the Ukrainian experience. Purpose: To identify the goals, as well as general and specific features of sexual violence committed against women during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Methods: Analysis of the memoirs of a victim of gender-based violence during the war; analysis of interviews with experts on sexual violence; method of comparison. Results: The particularity of sexual violence during the Russian-Ukrainian war is the "era of social media", when the relevant information technologies can turn an act of sexual violence into a public event. The primary purpose of various types of sexual violence is to add new "weapons" to the arsenal of war that will help to win. Conclusion: The recent history of Ukraine related to the Russian-Ukrainian war contains a significant amount of empirical data for further research on gender-based sexual violence during wars. Only after the full liberation of the temporarily occupied territories, the scale of sexual crimes committed by the Russian army can be determined, and their goals, forms of manifestation, consequences for the physical and mental health of victims and, accordingly, social consequences can be fully investigated. Keywords: gender-based sexual violence, sexual violence against women, rape culture.
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Myshok, Romana. "Information fraud as a challenge for civil society in Ukraine." In Sociology – Social Work and Social Welfare: Regulation of Social Problems. Видавець ФОП Марченко Т.В., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sosrsw2023.068.
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Background: On the Internet today, we can come across numerous fraudulent technologies that are considered electronic crimes. One of the cyber fraud subspecies, information fraud, is not only undefined in Ukrainian legislation but is generally little studied in the domestic scientific discourse. The lack of scientific research and the legislative framework is one of the reasons for the prevalence of this phenomenon in Ukrainian society, which brings serious harm to citizens, especially during the war in Ukraine. Purpose: To consider information fraud in terms of its impact on civil society in Ukraine. Methods: In the course of the work, general scientific methods were used: analysis for a detailed study of the scientists works on the selected topic and synthesis to determine the essence of the concept of “information fraud” and its features. The classification method was used to organize and structure information. Results: Information fraud can be interpreted as manipulative socio-political Internet technology, as online fraudsters, using certain manipulation strategies and tactics, sell information that has no practical value. In our opinion, during the war in Ukraine, this kind of fraudster is a big problem for society, on par with other widespread cybercrimes, because they can lead to various negative social consequences and even the death of a person. Conclusion: Positive tendencies in the development of Ukraine's civil society may be seen in the public's engagement and the population's response to the issue of information fraud. On the other hand, one of the obstacles to the creation of such a society is the pervasiveness of information fraud and cybercrime in general. Keywords: cyber fraud, information fraud, socio-political Internet technology, civil society, manipulation
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Bartko, Robert. "THE ENFORCEMENT OF PRINCIPLE ON LEGALITY IN THE HUNGARIAN FIGHT AGAINST THE IRREGULAR MIGRATION." In NORDSCI Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2021/b2/v4/25.
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From 2015 Hungary has been permanently affected by the irregular migratory flow, which – already in 2015 - marked a beginning of a new era in the history of European migration. In many European countries, including in Hungary, the public opinion related to irregular migration has forced the legislators to take the necessary and effective measures against it. In Hungary, among others, criminal law has been also in focus. The first step was the construction of the physical border fence, and as a second stage, the Hungarian Parliament adopted the legal framework on its protection. In accordance with this step, new crimes were inserted into the Hungarian Criminal Code, which entered into force in 15 September 2015. These crimes - are called in the Hungarian literature as „crimes against the border barrier” – were the following: unlawful crossing the border barrier, damaging the border barrier and the obstruction on construction work of the border barrier. According to the relevant official statistical data, the number of crimes against the border barrier decreased significantly for the past few years. In contrast to it, the number of the irregular entries or attempts across the border barrier detected by the Hungarian authorities – at least according to the statistical data published by the Hungarian Police Force – are higher than the number of the criminal procedures conducted due to the crimes mentioned. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to present how the principle of „legality” is enforced by the Hungarian authorities concerning the irregular entries and what kind of conclusions can we make according to the criminal-statistical data and to the detected irregular entries. The paper – after presenting the legal background – will analyze the data mentioned above and will try to make legal conclusions and proposals in connection with the fundamental procedural principle mentioned above.
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Tudor, Andreea-Loredana. "EUROPEAN PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE AND THE PRINCIPAL-AGENT PARADIGM. SUPRANATIONAL ORGANIZATION OR DELEGATED INSTITUTION?" In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s01.004.
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The European Public Prosecutor's Office, a revolutionary novelty, has raised many issues and questions from the initial moment of the proposal of its creation in 2013 until now. Being a rather controversial topic, both among practitioners and theorists, the European Public Prosecutor's Office presents itself as an "unidentified flying object" among the European or national institutions of the EU Member States regarding the nature of this body, the way it works, the way of influencing the political decision and its competence, the corresponding policy, and the guiding governance, etc. Preventing and combating, investigating, and prosecuting crimes affecting the EU's financial interests is the core task of the European Public Prosecutor's Office. However, as we will see in this paper, the dynamics of globalization and the criminal phenomenon seem to hinder the proper functioning of this new body, the complexity of these crimes and causal links with phenomena such as terrorism, organized crime or trafficking of prohibited substances can influence the European Public Prosecutor's Office`s investigation and prosecution activities. This paper analyzes from an institutionalist perspective the emergence, evolution, and functioning, but especially the future perspective of this newly established body. Conceptually, the added value of the paper will be the political-legal analysis of how the European Public Prosecutor's Office was created, but also how it can actually work in relation to the national authorities and national law systems of the 27 Member States. Last but not least, this analysis wants to position the European Public Prosecutor's Office, together with other European bodies, agencies, and institutions, as a pillar in the European Union's path toward a possible future federalist scenario.
Reports on the topic "Work crimes"
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Cameron, Lisa, Jennifer Seager, and Manisha Shah. Crimes Against Morality: Unintended Consequences of Criminalizing Sex Work. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27846.
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Idris, Iffat. Preventing Atrocities in Conflict and Non-conflict Settings. Institute of Development Studies, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.137.
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Atrocity prevention refers to activities to prevent atrocity crimes against civilians. These include genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing, and can take place in both conflict and non-conflict settings. This points to the need to prioritise and implement atrocity prevention specifically, and not just as part of conflict prevention efforts. Atrocity prevention interventions are broadly of two types: operational (short-term responses) and structural (addressing underlying causes/drivers). These encompass a wide range of approaches including: acting locally (with local actors taking the lead in prevention activities); tackling hate speech, and promoting an independent and strong media; documenting human rights violations, and prosecuting and punishing those responsible (establishing rule of law). The international community should prioritise atrocity prevention, but work in a united manner, take a comprehensive approach, and give the lead to local actors. Atrocity crimes generally develop in a process over time, and risk factors can be identified; these traits make atrocity prevention possible. This rapid review looks at the concept of atrocity prevention, how it is distinct from conflict prevention, the different approaches taken to atrocity prevention, and the lessons learned from these. The review draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, in particular reports produced by international development organisations such as the United Nations (UN) and USAID. The literature was largely gender-blind (with the exception of conflict-related sexual violence) and disability-blind.
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Khomenko, Tetiana, and Yuriy Kolisnyk. Втрати української культури у російсько-українській війні: культурно-інформаційний спротив. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11749.
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The authors explored the activity of mass media and cultural organizations aimed at clarification of the current problematic issue – preservation of Ukrainian cultural heritage under the conditions of the full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine. The authors emphasize that occupants not only destroy historic buildings, i.e. material objects, but also steal art values, destroy library and archive funds; their actions are aimed at destruction of our spirituality, identity and history. It is pointed out that there are the main streams in the work of journalists, experts, and culture figures, namely: fixation of losses, propaganda of the Ukrainian culture in the world, expert evaluation of the restitution possibilities, and filling of the culture material with patriotic sense. The full-scale invasion of Russia into Ukraine on the 24th of February 2022 led to the numerous loss of life, ruination of the military, civil and infrastructure objects. But the state-aggressor destroys and robs our culture in this war. Since the beginning of the war mass media have been actively informing about the situation in the regions, which happened to be at the line of the Russian troops attack. The information was in particular about the fact that different educational establishments, libraries and their funds, museums with valuable collections, theatres, religious buildings and historic buildings had been ruined. To tell the truth the information was incomplete due to the limited opportunities to monitor the situation. However, later it has been systematized. The work of journalists and experts contributed to this since they stated the criminal acts of Russia, informing about the ruination facts of historic, sacral, cultural monuments, devastation of many museum collections, destruction of library and archive funds. Digitalization of the Russian war crimes against Ukrainian culture became one more important work aimed at preservation of the Ukrainian cultural heritage. It was done by means of interactive maps of the Ukrainian cultural losses and it enables documenting crimes of the occupant army and spreading this information at the international level. Key words: culture, cultural front, cultural losses, cultural values, cultural heritage, war, media.
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Hamermesh, Daniel. Crime and the Timing of Work. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6613.
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Corman, Hope, Dhaval Dave, Ariel Kalil, and Nancy Reichman. Effects of Maternal Work Incentives on Youth Crime. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23054.
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Lochner, Lance. Education, Work, and Crime: A Human Capital Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10478.
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Witte, Ann Dryden, and Helen Tauchen. Work and Crime: An Exploration Using Panel Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4794.
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Holland-Szyp, Carolina, Jeremy Lind, and Rachel Sabates-Wheeler. Does Cash-Plus Programming Work in Contexts of Protracted Crises? Institute of Development Studies, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2024.004.
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Cash-plus programmes aim to strengthen food security and livelihoods by providing cash transfers alongside complementary support and services. In stable settings, these programmes can, to some extent, draw on established public services and administrative capacities. Yet, increasingly they are used in protracted crises – namely, situations characterised by conflict, violence, displacement and climate shocks – despite the challenges that such situations present. As implementation of these programmes in protracted crises expands, this Policy Briefing asks whether cash-plus programming is fit-for-purpose in such settings, and offers recommendations for enhancing its effectiveness.
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Ayub, Maryam, and Sadiq Naveed. With suicide no longer a crime, the real work begins. Edited by Ria Ernunsari and Suzannah Lyons. Monash University, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/e63c-4809.
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Tauchen, Helen, Ann Dryden Witte, and Harriet Griesinger. Deterrence, Work and Crime: Revisiting the Issues with Birth Cohort Data. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2508.
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