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Journal articles on the topic 'Word retrieval'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Orscheschek, Franziska, Tilo Strobach, Torsten Schubert, and Timothy Rickard. "Two retrievals from a single cue: A bottleneck persists across episodic and semantic memory." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 5 (May 28, 2018): 1005–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021818776818.

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There is evidence in the literature that two retrievals from long-term memory cannot occur in parallel. To date, however, that work has explored only the case of two retrievals from newly acquired episodic memory. These studies demonstrated a retrieval bottleneck even after dual-retrieval practice. That retrieval bottleneck may be a global property of long-term memory retrieval, or it may apply only to the case of two retrievals from episodic memory. In the current experiments, we explored whether that apparent dual-retrieval bottleneck applies to the case of one retrieval from episodic memory and one retrieval from highly overlearned semantic memory. Across three experiments, subjects learned to retrieve a left or right keypress response form a set of 14 unique word cues (e.g., black—right keypress). In addition, they learned a verbal response which involved retrieving the antonym of the presented cue (e.g., black—“white”). In the dual-retrieval condition, subjects had to retrieve both the keypress response and the antonym word. The results suggest that the retrieval bottleneck is superordinate to specific long-term memory systems and holds across different memory components. In addition, the results support the assumption of a cue-level response chunking account of learned retrieval parallelism.

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Leonard, Laurence B., Patricia Deevy, Jeffrey D. Karpicke, Sharon L. Christ, and Justin B. Kueser. "After Initial Retrieval Practice, More Retrieval Produces Better Retention Than More Study in the Word Learning of Children With Developmental Language Disorder." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): 2763–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00105.

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Purpose Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) often have difficulty with word learning. Recent studies have shown that incorporating retrieval practice provides a significant benefit to this learning. However, we have not yet discovered the best balance between the amount of retrieval and the amount of study (hearing the word in the presence of the referent) that is provided. In this investigation, we compared a word learning procedure using more retrieval and less study with a procedure that used more study and less retrieval. Method Participants were 13 children with DLD and 13 same-age peers with typical language development (TD). Both groups ranged in age from 4 to 6 years. The children learned two sets of novel words, with each set taught in two sessions. During an initial criterion period, the children had the opportunity to retrieve all of the words. Following this period, the words were either retrieved without further study or studied without additional retrieval. Recall and recognition testing immediately followed the second learning session and was repeated 1 week later. Testing assessed the children's retention of both the word forms and their meanings. Results Better recall both immediately after learning and after 1 week was seen for the more retrieval/less study condition. This was seen for both groups of children for word form recall and for children with DLD for meaning. Group differences were not found. Conclusion This study served as a stringent test of the benefits of retrieval to children's word learning. Continued retrieval after initial retrieval practice appeared to be helpful even when further study was discontinued and when the comparison study condition had also provided retrieval practice in the initial stages. Further refinement of retrieval procedures might lead to the development of useful clinical tools to promote word learning.

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Abu Mangshor, Nur Nabilah, Nurbaity Sabri, Zaidah Ibrahim, Zolidah Kasiran, and Anis Safura Ahmad. "Doa Search and Retrieval Using N-Gram." Scientific Research Journal 14, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v14i2.4906.

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‘Doa’ is derived from Arabic word which means that one asks for the fulfillment or a need or the cure of sickness from him/her. Having to search and retrieve the relevant ‘doa’ for one needs at any particular time is beneficial. There are some search and retrieval applications that require using the exact match of the keyword search with the words stored in the database. This approach leads to the retrieval of insignificant results as users need to know the exact word to be searched. Therefore, this project allows for partial keyword search that utilises N-gram method for the search and retrieval process. Moreover, various words may have similar meaning thus to increase the accuracy of the retrieved result, this project compares the dice and overlap coefficient algorithms to find the synonyms of the searched word. The result produced indicates that overlap coefficient perform better than dice coefficient.

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Abu Mangshor, Nur Nabilah, Nurbaity Sabri, Zaidah Ibrahim, Zolidah Kasiran, and Anis Safura Ahmad. "Doa Search and Retrieval Using N-Gram." Scientific Research Journal 14, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/srj.v14i2.9363.

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‘Doa’ is derived from Arabic word which means that one asks for the fulfillment or a need or the cure of sickness from him/her. Having to search and retrieve the relevant ‘doa’ for one needs at any particular time is beneficial. There are some search and retrieval applications that require using the exact match of the keyword search with the words stored in the database. This approach leads to the retrieval of insignificant results as users need to know the exact word to be searched. Therefore, this project allows for partial keyword search that utilises N-gram method for the search and retrieval process. Moreover, various words may have similar meaning thus to increase the accuracy of the retrieved result, this project compares the dice and overlap coefficient algorithms to find the synonyms of the searched word. The result produced indicates that overlap coefficient perform better than dice coefficient.

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5

Manjula, D., and T. V. Geetha. "Relation-Based Information Retrieval." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 04, no. 02 (June 2005): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649205001055.

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The traditional Boolean word-based approach to information retrieval (IR) considers only words for indexing. Irrelevant information is retrieved because of non-inclusion of semantic information like word senses and word context. In this work, the importance of representing the documents along another semantic dimension in addition to sense context information is considered. The incorporation of semantic relations as an additional dimension gives a better insight into the interpretation of the document. The micro-contexts generated from the documents are also used in indexing. The retrieval performance is measured in terms of precision and recall. The results tabulated show better performance.

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Faroqi-Shah, Yasmeen, and Megan Gehman. "The Role of Processing Speed and Cognitive Control on Word Retrieval in Aging and Aphasia." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): 949–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00326.

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Purpose When speakers retrieve words, they do so extremely quickly and accurately—both speed and accuracy of word retrieval are compromised in persons with aphasia (PWA). This study examined the contribution of two domain-general mechanisms: processing speed and cognitive control on word retrieval in PWA. Method Three groups of participants, neurologically healthy young and older adults and PWA ( n = 15 in each group), performed processing speed, cognitive control, lexical decision, and word retrieval tasks on a computer. The relationship between word retrieval speed and other tasks was examined for each group. Results Both aging and aphasia resulted in slower processing speed but did not affect cognitive control. Word retrieval response time delays in PWA were eliminated when processing speed was accounted for. Word retrieval speed was predicted by individual differences in cognitive control in young and older adults and additionally by processing speed in older adults. In PWA, word retrieval speed was predicted by severity of language deficit and cognitive control. Conclusions This study shows that processing speed is compromised in aphasia and could account for their slowed response times. Individual differences in cognitive control predicted word retrieval speed in healthy adults and PWA. These findings highlight the need to include nonlinguistic cognitive mechanisms in future models of word retrieval in healthy adults and word retrieval deficits in aphasia.

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Ben Ayed, Alaidine, Ismaïl Biskri, and Jean-Guy Meunier. "An End-to-End Efficient Lucene-Based Framework of Document/Information Retrieval." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 12, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.289950.

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In the context of big data and the 4.0 industrial revolution era, enhancing document/information retrieval frameworks efficiency to handle the ever‐growing volume of text data in an ever more digital world is a must. This article describes a double-stage system of document/information retrieval. First, a Lucene-based document retrieval tool is implemented, and a couple of query expansion techniques using a comparable corpus (Wikipedia) and word embeddings are proposed and tested. Second, a retention-fidelity summarization protocol is performed on top of the retrieved documents to create a short, accurate, and fluent extract of a longer retrieved single document (or a set of top retrieved documents). Obtained results show that using word embeddings is an excellent way to achieve higher precision rates and retrieve more accurate documents. Also, obtained summaries satisfy the retention and fidelity criteria of relevant summaries.

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Kohn, Susan E., Arthur Wingfield, Lise Menn, Harold Goodglass, Jean Berko Gleason, and Mary Hyde. "Lexical retrieval: The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon." Applied Psycholinguistics 8, no. 3 (September 1987): 245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400000291.

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ABSTRACTAn experiment is reported in which university undergraduates were given word definitions and asked to say aloud all responses that came to mind in the course of their attempts to retrieve the target words. Results showed that phonologically similar responses and word-fragments are good predictors of target word knowledge and the likelihood of eventual success in retrieval. Responses which were semantically related to the target word were less predictive of eventual success. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for interpreting tip-of-the-tongue analyses as a “window” on the process of word retrieval.

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Douglas, Katie M., Richard J. Porter, Robert G. Knight, and Brent Alsop. "The dynamics of word retrieval in major depression." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 3 (October 18, 2012): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867412465124.

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Objective: Impairment in the retrieval of specific episodes from autobiographical memory is commonly observed in major depression. However, it is unclear whether impairment in retrieval processes is a general characteristic of major depression or is confined to the recollection of personal memories. This study examined the time course of the retrieval of words from semantic memory. Method: A letter fluency test was administered to 65 inpatients with major depression and 50 healthy controls. A two-parameter model was fit to the decay curve representing the production of words over a 90-second period. One parameter, N, is an estimate of the total number of words that would be generated if the respondent was given unlimited time. The other, tau, is the average of the difference in time between the first word generated and each subsequent word. Results: There was evidence of a deficit in the retrieval of words from long-term memory in depressed patients. The significant difference between groups suggested that even if given an extended period of time in which to respond to compensate for possible slowness, the depressed group would not retrieve as many words as the controls. The retrieval failure could not be attributed solely to cognitive slowing or the effects of antidepressant medication. Conclusions: The results extend findings of a deficit in the process of retrieving specific episodes from autobiographical memory and suggest that a generalised impairment in memory retrieval may be characteristic of major depression.

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KUTSUMI, Hiroshi, Jun OZAWA, Kouji MIURA, Takeshi IMANAKA, Atsuo TSUJI, Tsunehito TSUSHIMA, Kouji OHSAKI, and Yoko MINAMI. "Word Processor with KANSEI Retrieval." Journal of Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Systems 10, no. 5 (1998): 844–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3156/jfuzzy.10.5_82.

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11

Saffran, Eleanor M. "WORD RETRIEVAL AND ITS DISORDERS." Cognitive Neuropsychology 16, no. 8 (December 1999): 777–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026432999380654.

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Liu, I.-Hsin. "Supporting Word Retrieval From Memory." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 163 (January 1, 2012): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.163.01liu.

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Abstract This study investigated the effect of two meaning-oriented communicative tasks on L2 learners’ consolidation of new vocabulary met in a reading text on a familiar topic, building on the premises underlying the Dreyfus and Tsamir (2004) ‘Recognising, Building-with, and Constructing’ (RBC) model. Students in four lower intermediate EFL classes participated in the pre-test (of vocabulary size) post-test experimental study. Some of them only read the new text before taking an immediate and a delayed word retention test (control group); others read the text and afterwards completed comprehension questions (meaning-oriented receptive task). Still others, in addition, wrote a text similar in structure and contents to the input text while using the target words (meaning-oriented productive task). The fourth student group completed all three tasks consecutively. Our results show the superiority of the guided writing task over the ‘reading + comprehension questions’ and the ‘reading only’ conditions. On a theoretical level, content familiarity is shown to be an important mediator variable in early stages of vocabulary processing and consolidation.

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Teranishi, Yuji. "High frequency word of retrieval." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 79 (September 22, 2015): 2PM—091–2PM—091. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.79.0_2pm-091.

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Capone, Nina C., and Karla K. McGregor. "The Effect of Semantic Representation on Toddlers' Word Retrieval." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 48, no. 6 (December 2005): 1468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2005/102).

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Purpose: This study tested the hypothesis that depth of semantic representation influences toddlers' word retrieval. Method: Nineteen toddlers participated under 3 word learning conditions in this longitudinal study. Gestures cued attention to object shape (SHP) or function (FNC) in the experimental conditions. No semantic cue was provided under a control condition (CTL). Word learning conditions occurred on each of 3 days. On the 4th day, word retrieval was assessed across 3 levels of scaffolding (uncued picture naming, cued picture naming, picture recognition). Evidence of semantic representation was provided at fast and slow mapping intervals. Results: Less scaffolding was necessary for word retrieval (uncued and cued naming) under experimental conditions than under the CTL condition. However, more SHP than FNC condition targets were retrieved for uncued picture naming. This latter difference may be related to the superior fast mapping of targets under the SHP condition. Toddlers stated object functions (slow mapping) comparably in the experimental conditions, but this was superior to CTL condition performance. Conclusions: Word retrieval is a continuous behavior that is positively influenced by semantic representation. Semantic knowledge of objects can be enriched by shape or function gestures, thereby improving toddlers' object word productions. Shape cues appear to be more effective for this purpose.

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Higby, Eve, Seamus Donnelly, Jungmee Yoon, and Loraine K. Obler. "The effect of second-language vocabulary on word retrieval in the native language." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 4 (November 8, 2019): 812–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136672891900049x.

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AbstractWhen bilinguals produce words in one language, their translation equivalents in the other language are thought to be activated as well. A common assumption is that this parallel co-activation produces interference, which slows down word retrieval. The current study aimed to evaluate the assumption of lexical interference during word retrieval by testing whether late Portuguese–English bilinguals were slower to name pictures in their native language when they knew the word in their second language compared to when they only knew the native language label. Instead of interfering with production, knowing the second-language label facilitated speed of word retrieval in the native language for both cognate and non-cognate translation-equivalent pairs. We suggest that using the second language may provide an indirect frequency boost for translation-equivalent words in the native language. This frequency boost has both long-term and short-term effects, strengthening connections to native-language labels when the translation equivalent is retrieved.

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Takagi, Tomohiro, Kazushi Kawase, and Kazuhiko Otsuka. "Image Retrieval using Conceptual Fuzzy Sets." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 4, no. 6 (November 20, 2000): 450–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2000.p0450.

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An algorithm is described that uses fuzzy sets to handle word ambiguity, the main cause of vagueness in the meaning of a word. It is based on conceptual fuzzy sets (CFSs), which represent the meaning of words by linking other related words. A trial application of this algorithm to image retrieval showed that it can retrieve images that conceptually fit the meanings of the entered keyword based on the context understood from the characteristics of images. Experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm works well to represent various meanings of a keyword by linking it to other words and to connect words directly to image data. In addition, image retrieval starting with a sample image also worked well. First, a selected sample image was translated into abstract concepts, and images fitting the concepts were chosen.

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Rebstock, Alicia M., and Sarah E. Wallace. "Effects of a Combined Semantic Feature Analysis and Multimodal Treatment for Primary Progressive Aphasia: Pilot Study." Communication Disorders Quarterly 41, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525740118794399.

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Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by language and cognitive decline. Word-retrieval deficits are the most common PPA symptom and contribute to impaired spoken expression. Intense semantic interventions show promise for improving word retrieval in people with PPA. In addition, people with PPA may learn to use alternative communication modalities when they are unable to retrieve a word. However, executive function impairments can cause people to struggle to switch among modalities to repair communication breakdowns.This study examined the effects of a combined semantic feature analysis and multimodal communication program (SFA+MCP) on word-retrieval accuracy, switching among modalities, and overall communicative effectiveness in a person with PPA. An adult female with PPA completed SFA+MCP. Baseline, probe, intervention, and postintervention sessions were completed to measure word-retrieval accuracy and switching between communication modalities. A postintervention listener task was completed to measure communicative effectiveness. Changes in word-retrieval accuracy and switching were minimal. However, the listeners’ identification of the participant’s communication attempts was more accurate following treatment, suggesting increased overall communicative effectiveness. Further investigations of SFA+MCP, specifically relative to timing, intensity, and appropriate modifications for people with cognitive impairments associated with PPA are warranted.

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Patel, Chandrakant D., and Jayesh M. Patel. "Influence of GUJarati STEmmeR in Supervised Learning of Web Page Categorization." International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications 13, no. 3 (June 8, 2021): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijisa.2021.03.03.

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With the large quantity of information offered on-line, it's equally essential to retrieve correct information for a user query. A large amount of data is available in digital form in multiple languages. The various approaches want to increase the effectiveness of on-line information retrieval but the standard approach tries to retrieve information for a user query is to go looking at the documents within the corpus as a word by word for the given query. This approach is incredibly time intensive and it's going to miss several connected documents that are equally important. So, to avoid these issues, stemming has been extensively utilized in numerous Information Retrieval Systems (IRS) to extend the retrieval accuracy of all languages. These papers go through the problem of stemming with Web Page Categorization on Gujarati language which basically derived the stem words using GUJSTER algorithms [1]. The GUJSTER algorithm is based on morphological rules which is used to derived root or stem word from inflected words of the same class. In particular, we consider the influence of extracted a stem or root word, to check the integrity of the web page classification using supervised machine learning algorithms. This research work is intended to focus on the analysis of Web Page Categorization (WPC) of Gujarati language and concentrate on a research problem to do verify the influence of a stemming algorithm in a WPC application for the Gujarati language with improved accuracy between from 63% to 98% through Machine Learning supervised models with standard ratio 80% as training and 20% as testing.

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REYES, Francis de la C. Fernández, Exiquio C. Pérez LEYVA, and Rogelio Lau FERNáNDEZ. "Word Sense Disambiguation in Information Retrieval." Intelligent Information Management 01, no. 02 (2009): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/iim.2009.12018.

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Huston, Samuel, J. Shane Culpepper, and W. Bruce Croft. "Indexing Word Sequences for Ranked Retrieval." ACM Transactions on Information Systems 32, no. 1 (January 2014): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2559168.

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Bowles, Nancy L., and Leonard W. Poon. "Effects of priming in word retrieval." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 11, no. 2 (1985): 272–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.11.2.272.

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Budikova, Petra, Jan Sedmidubsky, Jan Horvath, and Pavel Zezula. "Efficient Retrieval of Human Motion Episodes Based on Indexed Motion-Word Representations." International Journal of Semantic Computing 15, no. 02 (June 2021): 189–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x21400031.

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With the increasing availability of human motion data captured in the form of 2D or 3D skeleton sequences, more complex motion recordings need to be processed. In this paper, we focus on similarity-based indexing and efficient retrieval of motion episodes — medium-sized skeleton sequences that consist of multiple semantic actions and correspond to some logical motion unit (e.g. a figure skating performance). As a first step toward efficient retrieval, we apply the motion-word technique to transform spatio-temporal skeleton sequences into compact text-like documents. Based on these documents, we introduce a two-phase retrieval scheme that first finds a set of candidate query results and then re-ranks these candidates with more expensive application-specific methods. We further index the motion-word documents using inverted files, which allows us to retrieve the candidate documents in an efficient and scalable manner. We also propose additional query-reduction techniques that accelerate both the retrieval phases by removing semantically irrelevant parts of the motion query. Experimental evaluation is used to analyze the effects of the individual proposed techniques on the retrieval efficiency and effectiveness.

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Liu, Zhiyuan, Yabin Zheng, Lixing Xie, Maosong Sun, Liyun Ru, and Yang Zhang. "User Behaviors in Related Word Retrieval and New Word Detection." ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing 10, no. 4 (December 2011): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2025384.2025388.

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Liang, Y., M. C. Fairhurst, and R. M. Guest. "A synthesised word approach to word retrieval in handwritten documents." Pattern Recognition 45, no. 12 (December 2012): 4225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2012.05.024.

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Tong, Chau, Drew Margolin, Rumi Chunara, Jeff Niederdeppe, Teairah Taylor, Natalie Dunbar, and Andy J. King. "Search Term Identification Methods for Computational Health Communication: Word Embedding and Network Approach for Health Content on YouTube." JMIR Medical Informatics 10, no. 8 (August 30, 2022): e37862. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/37862.

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Background Common methods for extracting content in health communication research typically involve using a set of well-established queries, often names of medical procedures or diseases, that are often technical or rarely used in the public discussion of health topics. Although these methods produce high recall (ie, retrieve highly relevant content), they tend to overlook health messages that feature colloquial language and layperson vocabularies on social media. Given how such messages could contain misinformation or obscure content that circumvents official medical concepts, correctly identifying (and analyzing) them is crucial to the study of user-generated health content on social media platforms. Objective Health communication scholars would benefit from a retrieval process that goes beyond the use of standard terminologies as search queries. Motivated by this, this study aims to put forward a search term identification method to improve the retrieval of user-generated health content on social media. We focused on cancer screening tests as a subject and YouTube as a platform case study. Methods We retrieved YouTube videos using cancer screening procedures (colonoscopy, fecal occult blood test, mammogram, and pap test) as seed queries. We then trained word embedding models using text features from these videos to identify the nearest neighbor terms that are semantically similar to cancer screening tests in colloquial language. Retrieving more YouTube videos from the top neighbor terms, we coded a sample of 150 random videos from each term for relevance. We then used text mining to examine the new content retrieved from these videos and network analysis to inspect the relations between the newly retrieved videos and videos from the seed queries. Results The top terms with semantic similarities to cancer screening tests were identified via word embedding models. Text mining analysis showed that the 5 nearest neighbor terms retrieved content that was novel and contextually diverse, beyond the content retrieved from cancer screening concepts alone. Results from network analysis showed that the newly retrieved videos had at least one total degree of connection (sum of indegree and outdegree) with seed videos according to YouTube relatedness measures. Conclusions We demonstrated a retrieval technique to improve recall and minimize precision loss, which can be extended to various health topics on YouTube, a popular video-sharing social media platform. We discussed how health communication scholars can apply the technique to inspect the performance of the retrieval strategy before investing human coding resources and outlined suggestions on how such a technique can be extended to other health contexts.

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Schultz, Heidrun, Tobias Sommer, and Jan Peters. "Category-sensitive incidental reinstatement in medial temporal lobe subregions during word recognition." Learning & Memory 29, no. 5 (April 15, 2022): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/lm.053553.121.

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During associative retrieval, the brain reinstates neural representations that were present during encoding. The human medial temporal lobe (MTL), with its subregions hippocampus (HC), perirhinal cortex (PRC), and parahippocampal cortex (PHC), plays a central role in neural reinstatement. Previous studies have given compelling evidence for reinstatement in the MTL during explicitly instructed associative retrieval. High-confident recognition may be similarly accompanied by recollection of associated information from the encoding context. It is unclear, however, whether high-confident recognition memory elicits reinstatement in the MTL even in the absence of an explicit instruction to retrieve associated information. Here, we addressed this open question using high-resolution fMRI. Twenty-eight male and female human volunteers engaged in a recognition memory task for words that they had previously encoded together with faces and scenes. Using complementary univariate and multivariate approaches, we show that MTL subregions including the PRC, PHC, and HC differentially reinstate category-sensitive representations during high-confident word recognition, even though no explicit instruction to retrieve the associated category was given. This constitutes novel evidence that high-confident recognition memory is accompanied by incidental reinstatement of associated category information in MTL subregions, and supports a functional model of the MTL that emphasizes content-sensitive representations during both encoding and retrieval.

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MACE, JOHN H. "Involuntary conscious memory facilitates cued recall performance: Further evidence that chaining occurs during voluntary recall." American Journal of Psychology 122, no. 3 (October 1, 2009): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27784409.

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Abstract Recent studies have shown that conscious recollection of the past occurs spontaneously when subjects voluntarily recall their own past experiences or a list of previously studied words. Naturalistic diary studies and laboratory studies of this phenomenon, often called involuntary conscious memory (ICM), show that it occurs in 2 ways. One is direct ICM retrieval, which occurs when a cue spontaneously triggers a conscious memory; the other is chained ICM retrieval, which occurs when a retrieved conscious memory spontaneously triggers another. Laboratory studies investigating ICM show that chained ICM retrieval occurs on voluntary autobiographical memory tasks. The present results show that chained ICM retrieval also occurs on a voluntary word list memory task (cued recall). These results are among a handful suggesting that ICM retrieval routinely occurs during voluntary recall.

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Abderrahim, Mohammed Alaeddine, and Mohammed El-Amine Abderrahim. "Arabic Word Sense Disambiguation for Information Retrieval." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3510451.

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In the context of using semantic resources for information retrieval, the relationship and distance between concepts are considered important for word sense disambiguation. In this article, we experiment with Conceptual Density and Random Walk with graph methods to enhance the performance of the Arabic Information Retrieval System. To do this, a medium-sized corpus was used. The results proved that Random Walk can enhance the performance of the information retrieval system by achieving a mean improvement of 13%, 16%, and 12% in terms of recall, precision, and F-score, respectively.

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Gill, Cindy, Laura Green, Sneha Bharadwaj, Tamby Allman, and Jyutika Mehta. "Identification of Word Retrieval Difficulties in the Normally Aging Population." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 6, no. 3 (June 25, 2021): 654–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_persp-20-00192.

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Purpose This study examined variations in performance on different verbal tasks completed by typically aging, non-neurologically impaired adults who self-identified as either having or not having word retrieval difficulties that frequently affected their lifestyle. Method Fifty-seven adults aged 54–71 years, who were recruited based on case history responses that indicated the presence or absence of word retrieval difficulties, completed two standardized, norm-referenced language tests, two naming tasks, and three verbal fluency measures. Results Although scores on standardized language tests fell within normal limits for all of the participants, significant differences between those with and those without self-reported word retrieval difficulties were found on the Expressive Vocabulary Test–Second Edition as well as on tasks of naming members of categories and producing procedural narratives. A significantly greater percentage of disfluencies in procedural narratives were found in the group that reported word retrieval difficulties. This fluency indicator was the only factor that was predictive of word retrieval difficulties. Conclusions Many studies have examined the differences in word retrieval in older versus younger populations or in persons with aphasia versus persons without aphasia, but they have not offered definitive pictures of the differences between those with and those without word retrieval difficulties in the normally aging population who have otherwise normal language. This study identified three tasks that appear to be sensitive to the word-finding difficulties experienced by some adults.

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Lin, Zhi Chao, Lei Sun, and Xiao Liu. "Research and Improvement on Content-Based Web Search Engine." Advanced Materials Research 532-533 (June 2012): 1282–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.532-533.1282.

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There is a lot of information contained in the World Wide Web. It has become a research focus to obtain the required related resources quickly and accurately from the web through the content-based search engines. Most current tools of full text web search engine, such as Lucene which is a widely used open source retrieval library in information retrieval field, are purely keyword based. This may not sufficient for users to retrieve in the web. In this paper, we employ a method to overcome the limitations of current full text search engines in represent of Lucene. We propose a Query Expansion and Information Retrieval approach which can help users to acquire more accurate contents from the web. The Query Expansion component finds expanded candidate words of the query word through WordNet which contains synonyms in several different senses; In the Information Retrieval component, the query word and its candidate words are used together as the input of the search module to get the result items. Furthermore, we can put the result items into different classes based on the expansion. Some experiments and the results are described in the late part of this paper.

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Shijian Lu, Linlin Li, and Chew Lim Tan. "Document Image Retrieval through Word Shape Coding." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 30, no. 11 (November 2008): 1913–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpami.2008.89.

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Jokeit, Hennric, Regine Heger, Alois Ebner, and Hans J. Markowitsch. "Hemispheric asymmetries in category-specific word retrieval." NeuroReport 9, no. 10 (July 1998): 2371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001756-199807130-00040.

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Rodriguez-Serrano, Jose A., and Florent Perronnin. "Synthesizing queries for handwritten word image retrieval." Pattern Recognition 45, no. 9 (September 2012): 3270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2012.02.015.

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ABUTALEBI, JUBIN, and HARALD CLAHSEN. "Computational approaches to word retrieval in bilinguals." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 22, no. 04 (July 18, 2019): 655–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000221.

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The cognitive architecture of human language processing has been studied for decades, but using computational modeling for such studies is a relatively recent topic. Indeed, computational approaches to language processing have become increasingly popular in our field, mainly due to advances in computational modeling techniques and the availability of large collections of experimental data. Language learning, particularly child language learning, has been the subject of many computational models. By simulating the process of child language learning, computational models may indeed teach us which linguistic representations are learnable from the input that children have access to (and which are not), as well as which mechanisms yield the same patterns of behavior that are found in children's language performance.

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Brosseau-Villeneuve, Bernard, Jian-Yun Nie, and Noriko Kando. "Latent word context model for information retrieval." Information Retrieval 17, no. 1 (March 5, 2013): 21–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10791-013-9220-9.

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Bowles, N. L. "Age and Semantic Inhibition in Word Retrieval." Journal of Gerontology 44, no. 3 (May 1, 1989): P88—P90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronj/44.3.p88.

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Jokel, Regina, Naida L. Graham, Elizabeth Rochon, and Carol Leonard. "Word retrieval therapies in primary progressive aphasia." Aphasiology 28, no. 8-9 (March 26, 2014): 1038–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2014.899306.

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Yan, Fengqi, Qiaoqing Fan, and Mingming Lu. "Improving semantic similarity retrieval with word embeddings." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 30, no. 23 (April 24, 2018): e4489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.4489.

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Damasio, H., D. Tranel, T. Grabowski, R. Adolphs, and A. Damasio. "Neural systems behind word and concept retrieval." Cognition 92, no. 1-2 (May 2004): 179–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2002.07.001.

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MURPHY, L. "Developmental dyslexia and word retrieval deficits*1." Brain and Language 35, no. 1 (September 1988): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0093-934x(88)90099-5.

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Chih, Yu-Chun, Julie A. G. Stierwalt, Leonard L. LaPointe, and Yu-Pin Chih. "The Influence of Word Frequency on Word Retrieval: Measuring Covert Behaviors." Communication Disorders Quarterly 39, no. 1 (May 26, 2017): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525740116686311.

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Luo, Mengting, Linchao He, Mingyue Guo, Fei Han, Long Tian, Haibo Pu, and Dejun Zhang. "Word-to-word Machine Translation: Bilateral Similarity Retrieval for Mitigating Hubness." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 533 (May 30, 2019): 012051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/533/1/012051.

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Kirk, Ursula. "Confrontation naming in normally developing children: Word-retrieval or word knowledge?" Clinical Neuropsychologist 6, no. 2 (April 1992): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854049208401852.

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Otsuki, Mika, Yuri Tsuda Kitamura, Syoji Kobashi, Hiroaki Naritomi, Yutaka Hata, and Toshio Yanagida. "Functional MRI of word retrieval: Activation difference depending on the retrieval strategy." NeuroImage 13, no. 6 (June 2001): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(01)91924-x.

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Leonard, Laurence B., and Patricia Deevy. "Retrieval Practice and Word Learning in Children With Specific Language Impairment and Their Typically Developing Peers." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 3252–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00006.

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Purpose In this article, we review the role of retrieval practice on the word learning and retention of children with specific language impairment (SLI). Method Following a brief review of earlier findings on word learning in children with SLI and the assumptions behind retrieval practice, four experiments are described that compared novel words learned in a repeated spaced retrieval condition and those learned in either a repeated study condition or a repeated immediate retrieval condition. Preschool-age children with SLI and their same-age peers with typical language development were the participants in all experiments. The effects of repeated spaced retrieval were assessed through measures of recall of word form and meaning and, receptively, through both picture-pointing and electrophysiological measures. Results Repeated spaced retrieval resulted in greater recall of word form and meaning across the experiments. This advantage was seen not only for word–picture pairs used during the learning period but also when generalization of the word to new pictures was required. Receptive testing through picture pointing showed similar results, though in some experiments, ceiling effects rendered this measure less sensitive to differences. An alternative receptive measure—the N400 elicited during picture–word mismatches—showed evidence at the neural level favoring repeated spaced retrieval. The advantages of repeated spaced retrieval were seen in both children with SLI and their typically developing age mates. Conclusion Future efforts are warranted to refine and extend the experiments reviewed here. If these efforts prove successful, procedures that incorporate repeated spaced retrieval into more naturalistic clinical and educational activities might be an appropriate next step. Presentation Video https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13063730

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Diliberto-Macaluso, Kristen A. "Priming and False Memories from Deese-Roediger-McDermott Lists on a Fragment Completion Test with Children." American Journal of Psychology 118, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/30039041.

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Abstract This study examined priming and false memories with children on a word fragment completion task using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Forty-five 4th- and 5th-grade children were shown lists of words and instructed to fill in fragments with the first word that came to mind (implicit instructions) or with the words that were presented during study (explicit instructions). Reliable priming to critical lure words was found under implicit retrieval instructions, and false memory to critical lure words was found under explicit retrieval instructions. However, priming under implicit retrieval instructions did not depend on whether the critical lure word was in the study list. In addition, greater false memory was observed under explicit test instructions. The results replicate and extend research on DRM false memory illusion with children to include implicit retrieval and word fragment completion. Explanations of false memory including gist failure (Brainerd, Reyna, & Forrest, 2002) and implicit associative response (Underwood, 1965) are considered.

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Sandberg, Chaleece W., and Teresa Gray. "Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training: A Replication and Update of an Abstract Word Retrieval Therapy Program." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 29, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): 1574–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00066.

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Purpose We report on a study that replicates previous treatment studies using Abstract Semantic Associative Network Training (AbSANT), which was developed to help persons with aphasia improve their ability to retrieve abstract words, as well as thematically related concrete words. We hypothesized that previous results would be replicated; that is, when abstract words are trained using this protocol, improvement would be observed for both abstract and concrete words in the same context-category, but when concrete words are trained, no improvement for abstract words would be observed. We then frame the results of this study with the results of previous studies that used AbSANT to provide better evidence for the utility of this therapeutic technique. We also discuss proposed mechanisms of AbSANT. Method Four persons with aphasia completed one phase of concrete word training and one phase of abstract word training using the AbSANT protocol. Effect sizes were calculated for each word type for each phase. Effect sizes for this study are compared with the effect sizes from previous studies. Results As predicted, training abstract words resulted in both direct training and generalization effects, whereas training concrete words resulted in only direct training effects. The reported results are consistent across studies. Furthermore, when the data are compared across studies, there is a distinct pattern of the added benefit of training abstract words using AbSANT. Conclusion Treatment for word retrieval in aphasia is most often aimed at concrete words, despite the usefulness and pervasiveness of abstract words in everyday conversation. We show the utility of AbSANT as a means of improving not only abstract word retrieval but also concrete word retrieval and hope this evidence will help foster its application in clinical practice.

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Qiu, Dong, Haihuan Jiang, and Shuqiao Chen. "Fuzzy Information Retrieval Based on Continuous Bag-of-Words Model." Symmetry 12, no. 2 (February 3, 2020): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12020225.

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In this paper, we study the feasibility of performing fuzzy information retrieval by word embedding. We propose a fuzzy information retrieval approach to capture the relationships between words and query language, which combines some techniques of deep learning and fuzzy set theory. We try to leverage large scale data and the continuous-bag-of words model to find the relevant feature of words and obtain word embedding. To enhance retrieval effectiveness, we measure the relativity among words by word embedding, with the property of symmetry. Experimental results show that the recall ratio, precision ratio, and harmonic average of two ratios of the proposed method outperforms the ones of the traditional methods.

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Norio Masuchika, Glenn. "Problems of scholar-created, synonymous subject terms in Buddhism." Library Review 63, no. 4/5 (July 1, 2014): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-10-2013-0128.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that scholars who choose not to use a well-established or acknowledged transliterated subject term, and instead decide for themselves to use synonyms, further complicate the process of doing comprehensive searches and greatly limit the ability to retrieve many pertinent works. In the research into world religions, there are transliterated words of a religious concept that can be used as subject terms. However, scholars in world religions have often not chosen the transliterated word, and instead have adopted words they believe are adequate synonyms of the transliterated word and use them to categorize their professional work. This paper shows how this practice severely lessens the ability to retrieve all pertinent work and causes problems for both world religion scholars wishing to perform comprehensive searches and librarian cataloger deciding on the proper subject terms to include in the construction of citations. Design/methodology/approach – The Buddhist transliterated term into English “sunyata” and the scholarly created, synonymous English subject terms “emptiness”, “nothingness”, “voidness” and “openness” were searched in an international database of religious and theological works. The lists of retrieved Buddhist works were then compared to see if the results of each independent search were identical. Findings – There is a very low rate of overlapping retrieval of Buddhist works when the term “sunyata” and each of the scholarly created synonyms are searched independently of each other. The use of scholar-created, synonymous subject terms instead of the transliterated term has greatly diminished comprehensive retrievals. Originality/value – There is a paucity of articles concerning the negative effects of scholarly created, synonymous search terms in general, and in world religions in particular. These results present the dangers of this practice.

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Ran, Jie, Ji Ya Huang, and Zu Xiao. "The Research of Word Similarity in Semantic Retrieval." Applied Mechanics and Materials 701-702 (December 2014): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.701-702.413.

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Word similarity computing is a crucial question in information processing technology. In this paper, an integrated word similarity computing method is proposed by analyzed morpheme's similarity, word order's similarity and word length's similarity, and parameters of the method are decided by experiments. The experiments show that this method has high efficiency.

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