Academic literature on the topic 'Word-final consonant clusters'
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Journal articles on the topic "Word-final consonant clusters"
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Másdóttir, Thora, Sharynne McLeod, and Kathryn Crowe. "Icelandic Children's Acquisition of Consonants and Consonant Clusters." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 5 (May 11, 2021): 1490–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00463.
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Purpose This study investigated Icelandic-speaking children's acquisition of singleton consonants and consonant clusters. Method Participants were 437 typically developing children aged 2;6–7;11 (years;months) acquiring Icelandic as their first language. Single-word speech samples of the 47 single consonants and 45 consonant clusters were collected using Málhljóðapróf ÞM (ÞM's Test of Speech Sound Disorders). Results Percentage of consonants correct for children aged 2;6–2;11 was 73.12 ( SD = 13.33) and increased to 98.55 ( SD = 3.24) for children aged 7;0–7;11. Overall, singleton consonants were more likely to be accurate than consonant clusters. The earliest consonants to be acquired were /m, n, p, t, j, h/ in word-initial position and /f, l/ within words. The last consonants to be acquired were /x, r, r̥, s, θ, n̥/, and consonant clusters in word-initial /sv-, stl-, str-, skr-, θr-/, within-word /-ðr-, -tl-/, and word-final /-kl̥, -xt/ contexts. Within-word phonemes were more often accurate than those in word-initial position, with word-final position the least accurate. Accuracy of production was significantly related to increasing age, but not sex. Conclusions This is the first comprehensive study of consonants and consonant cluster acquisition by typically developing Icelandic-speaking children. The findings align with trends for other Germanic languages; however, there are notable language-specific differences of clinical importance.
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Jubran AL-Mamri, Muhammed. "Patterns of Consonant Clusters in Word Initial, Medial, and Final Positions in Yemeni Arabic." JL3T ( Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Language Teaching) 7, no. 1 (July 31, 2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/jl3t.v7i1.2821.
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Yemeni Arabic (YA) has a significant number of consonant clusters in word initial, medial, and final positions. However, their frequency of usage is not uniform. This study aims to investigate the patterns of consonant clusters in word initial, medial, and final positions in YA and also to find out the most and least frequent clusters in terms of their percentage. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in data analysis in this study. All the words were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). There are features of consonant clusters in Yemeni Arabic which differ from Modern Standard Arabic and some other Arabic dialects. In Yemeni Arabic, there are 29 consonants and 10 vowels, 5 long and 5 short vowels. The maximum number of onset cluster is three (e.g. /∫tsu:q/ “she will drive” while coda cluster is two (e.g. /satˤħ/ “roof”). Furthermore, the maximum number of medial clusters are also two (e.g. /muχ.lsˤu/ “sincere”. The analysis undertaken will throw light on the frequency and percentages of the occurrences of the consonant clusters on the basis of a word list, which is justified with the help of statistical support.
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KIRK, CECILIA, and KATHERINE DEMUTH. "Asymmetries in the acquisition of word-initial and word-final consonant clusters." Journal of Child Language 32, no. 4 (November 2005): 709–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000905007130.
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Previous work on the acquisition of consonant clusters points to a tendency for word-final clusters to be acquired before word-initial clusters (Templin, 1957; Lleó & Prinz, 1996; Levelt, Schiller & Levelt, 2000). This paper evaluates possible structural, morphological, frequency-based, and articulatory explanations for this asymmetry using a picture identification task with 12 English-speaking two-year-olds. The results show that word-final stop+/s/ clusters and nasal+/z/ clusters were produced much more accurately than word-initial /s/+stop clusters and /s/+nasal clusters. Neither structural nor frequency factors are able to account for these findings. Further analysis of longitudinal spontaneous production data from 2 children aged 1;1–2;6 provides little support for the role of morphology in explaining these results. We argue that an articulatory account best explains the asymmetries in the production of word-initial and word-final clusters.
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Nguyen, Thong Vi. "Optimality Theory in ESL Phonology: A Practice of Final Consonant Clusters from Vietnamese L1 Speakers." International Journal of Language Teaching and Education 3, no. 1 (July 24, 2019): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ijolte.v3i1.6178.
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The present study aims to adopt the Optimality Theory to investigate the strategies of pronouncing the final consonant clusters in English by a group of Vietnamese L1 speakers. Vietnamese is a language without the final consonant clusters; therefore, Vietnamese ESL learners tend to have different strategies to pronounce those. Seven Vietnamese graduate students were employed to record their word-list out-loud reading. Each of the consonants occurring in their pronunciation production was considered as one token to be analyzed. The result shows that Vietnamese ESL learners employ five different strategies to generate the final consonant clusters. After that, by adopting the Optimality Theory, this study provides both faithfulness constraints and markedness constraints for each strategy with the attempt to generalize the cases of the final consonant pronunciation of Vietnamese speakers. This study is significant for ESL teachers to understand how the Vietnamese language affects the ESL learners’ final sound pronunciation
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Nikièma, Emmanuel. "Government-Licensing and Consonant Cluster Simplification in Quebec French." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 44, no. 4 (December 1999): 327–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100017461.
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AbstractThis article is a reanalysis of cluster simplification in Quebec French (QF) in terms of government-licensing, a condition which requires non-nuclear governing heads to be licensed by a following vowel. It is suggested, contra Côté (1997, 1998), that simplification is triggered by a structural constraint rather than a constraint on sonority. It is shown that in QF, simplification does not apply to word internal clusters such asappartementandvendredibecause the following vowel is realized, but applies to forms liketableandcasque, and converts them into [tab] and [kas] respectively at the surface level due to the lack of a final vowel. However, cluster reduction does not apply to final clusters such asbarbe, gorge, andsoldein which the first member is a liquid. To account for why simplification applies in one case and not in the other, it is suggested that the two types of final clusters differ with respect to syllabification: liquids are within branching nuclei, whereas the first member of other clusters is within a branching rhyme. The case of word-final cluster simplification attested in Haitian Creole is also examined.
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Chwesiuk, Urszula. "Insertion of vowels in English syllabic consonantal clusters pronounced by L1 Polish speakers." Open Linguistics 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2021-0014.
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Abstract The aim of this study was an attempt to verify whether Polish speakers of English insert a vowel in the word-final clusters containing a consonant and a syllabic /l/ or /n/ due to the L1–L2 transfer. L1 Polish speakers are mostly unaware of the existence of syllabic consonants; hence, they use the Polish phonotactics and articulate a vocalic sound before a final sonorant which is deprived of its syllabicity. This phenomenon was examined among L1 Polish speakers, 1-year students of English studies, and the recording sessions were repeated a year later. Since, over that time, they were instructed with regard to phonetics and phonology but also the overall practical language learning, the results demonstrated the occurrence of the phenomenon of vowel insertion on different levels of advanced command of English. If the vowels were inserted, their quality and length were monitored and analysed. With regard to the English system, pronouncing vowel /ə/ before a syllabic consonant is possible, yet not usual. That is why another aim of this study is to examine to what extent the vowels articulated by the subjects differ from the standard pronunciation of non-final /ə/. The quality differences between the vowels articulated in the words ending with /l/ and /n/ were examined as well as the potential influence from the difference between /l/ and /n/ on the occurrence of vowel reduction. Even though Polish phonotactics permit numerous consonantal combinations in all word positions, it proved to be challenging for L1 Polish speakers to pronounce word-final consonantal clusters containing both syllabic sonorants. This result carries practical implications for the teaching methodology of English phonetics.
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Combiths, Philip N., Jessica A. Barlow, Jennifer Taps Richard, and Sonja L. Pruitt-Lord. "Treatment Targets for Co-Occurring Speech-Language Impairment: A Case Study." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 4, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 240–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_pers-sig1-2018-0013.
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Purpose The intersection of speech and language impairments is severely understudied. Despite repeatedly documented overlap and co-occurrence, treatment research for children with combined phonological and morphosyntactic deficits is limited. Especially, little is known about optimal treatment targets for combined phonological–morphosyntactic intervention. We offer a clinically focused discussion of the existing literature pertaining to interventions for children with combined deficits and present a case study exploring the utility of a complex treatment target in word-final position for co-occurring speech and language impairment. Method Within a school setting, a kindergarten child (aged 5;2 [years;months]) with co-occurring phonological disorder and developmental language disorder received treatment targeting a complex consonant cluster in word-final position inflected with 3rd-person singular morphology. Results For this child, training a complex consonant cluster in word-final position resulted in generalized learning to untreated consonants and clusters across word positions. However, morphological generalization was not demonstrated consistently across measures. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that training complex phonology in word-final position can result in generalized learning to untreated phonological targets. However, limited improvement in morphology and word-final phonology highlights the need for careful monitoring of cross-domain treatment outcomes and additional research to identify the characteristics of treatment approaches, techniques, and targets that induce cross-domain generalization learning in children with co-occurring speech-language impairment.
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Recasens, Daniel. "The phonetic implementation of underlying and epenthetic stops in word final clusters in Valencian Catalan." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 42, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 65–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100311000508.
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Data for closure duration and the stop burst, as well as on the duration of the adjacent phonetic segments, reveal that speakers of Valencian Catalan produce differently the clusters /lts/ and /ls/, and /rts/ and /rs/, where /t/ is an underlying phoneme in /lts,rts/ and stop epenthesis may occur in /ls,rs/. Only a subset of speakers contrast the production of the nasal cluster pairs /mps/–/ms/ and /nts/–/ns/. Stop epenthesis applies regularly in the sequences /ms,ns,ls, ʎs, ɲs/ but the inserted segment is only phonetically robust in the two latter clusters with an alveolopalatal consonant and to some extent in /ns/, and practically absent in the sequence /rs/. Differences in prominence for the stop consonant, whether underlying or epenthetic, occur as a function of the segmental composition of the cluster, as well as of utterance position and syllable and word affiliation. In conjunction with results from perception tests, it is claimed that these data contribute to our understanding of oral stop deletion after a (quasi-)homorganic consonant in word final clusters without /s/ in other dialects of Catalan and perhaps other languages.
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Phoon, Hooi San, Margaret Maclagan, and Anna Christina Abdullah. "Acquisition of Consonant Clusters and Acceptable Variants in Chinese-Influenced Malaysian English-Speaking Children." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 24, no. 3 (August 2015): 517–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_ajslp-14-0037.
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Purpose This study investigated consonant cluster acquisition in Chinese-influenced Malaysian English (ChME)-speaking children. Method This cross-sectional study involved 262 typically developing ChME-speaking children (138 girls, 124 boys) ages 3 to 7 years old. A single-word picture-naming task, which contained 66 words and targeted 32 syllable-initial (SI) and 14 syllable-final (SF) consonant clusters, was administered. Results Older children produced more correct productions than younger children, and there was no sex effect for consonant cluster production. SF consonant clusters were more accurate than SI consonant clusters among the younger children. The overall sequence of SI consonant cluster accuracy based on cluster categories from most to least accurate was /s/ + C, C + /w/, C + /j/, C + /l/, and C + /r/, whereas for SF consonant clusters, the order was C + stop, C + /s/, nasal + C, and /l/ + C. Two-element clusters consistently had higher accuracy in comparison to three-element clusters across the age groups. The overall consonant cluster accuracy of the present study showed similar patterns to those found in previous studies of Standard English. Conclusion The findings of the study will be useful in the assessment of consonant cluster production of ChME-speaking children.
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DEMUTH, KATHERINE, and ELIZABETH MCCULLOUGH. "The longitudinal development of clusters in French." Journal of Child Language 36, no. 2 (October 21, 2008): 425–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000908008994.
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ABSTRACTStudies of English and German find that children tend to acquire word-final consonant clusters before word-initial consonant clusters. This order of acquisition is generally attributed to articulatory, frequency and/or morphological factors. This contrasts with recent experimental findings from French, where two-year-olds were better at producing word-initial than word-final clusters (Demuth & Kehoe, 2006). The purpose of the present study was to examine French-speaking children's longitudinal acquisition of clusters to determine if these results replicate developmentally. Analysis of spontaneous speech productions from two French-speaking children between one and three years confirmed the earlier acquisition of initial clusters, even when sonority factors were controlled. The findings suggest that French-speaking children acquire complexity at the beginnings of words before complexity appears word-finally. The role of frequency, morphological, structural and input factors is discussed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Word-final consonant clusters"
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Al-Aqlobi, Obied. "DIFFICULTIES IN PRONOUNCING AND PERCEIVING ENGLISH WORD-FINAL CONSONANT CLUSTERS AMONG SAUDI ESL LEARNERS." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1289.
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The present study aims to investigate whether or not Saudi ESL learners have difficulty pronouncing and perceiving the final consonant clusters of English words in the coda position. The focus is on two points. The first is identifying the most difficult sound cluster in the word-final position, whether it is two or three consonants, and second is to examine the repairs employed by Saudi learners. Eleven participants were recruited for this study. Their participation was elicited using production and perception. The production task consisted of pronouncing 14 words to elicit their pronunciation of the final consonants of English words. Those words were divided into two groups, eight for a coda of two consonants and six for a coda of three consonants. In the perception task the participants listened to a recording of their pronunciation. Using the multiple choice technique, they looked at the words that they pronounced orthographically along with the pronunciation options in transcription and chose the one they think they pronounced. The study concluded that markedness plays a key role in pronouncing word-final consonant clusters, particularly tri-literals. Therefore, the speech learning model (SLM) indicates that non-exiting sounds in the Arabic language pose difficulties in pronouncing and perceiving word-final consonant clusters.
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Milne, Peter. "The Variable Pronunciations of Word-final Consonant Clusters in a Force Aligned Corpus of Spoken French." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31139.
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This thesis project examined both schwa insertion and simplification following word-final consonant clusters in a large corpus of spoken French. Two main research questions were addressed. Can a system of forced alignment reliably reproduce pronunciation judgements that closely match those of a human researcher? How do variables, such as speech style, following context, motivation for simplification and speech rate, affect the variable pronunciations of word-final consonant clusters? This project describes the creation and testing of a novel system of forced alignment capable of segmenting recorded French speech. The results of comparing the pronunciation judgements between automatic and manual methods of recognition suggest that a system of forced alignment using speaker adapted acoustic models performed better than other acoustic models; produced results that are likely to be similar to the results produced by manual identification; and that the results of forced alignment are not likely to be affected by changes in speech style or speech rate. This project also described the application of forced alignment on a corpus of natural language spoken French. The results presented in this large sample corpus analysis suggest that the dialectal differences between Québec and France are not as simple as ``simplification in Québec, schwa insertion in France". While the results presented here suggest that the process of simplification following a word-final consonant cluster is similar in both dialects, the process of schwa insertion is likely to be different in each dialect. In both dialects, word-final consonant cluster simplification is more frequent in a preconsonantal context; is most likely in a spontaneous or less formal speech style and in that speech style is positively associated with higher speaking rates. Schwa insertion following a word-final consonant cluster displays much stronger dialectal differences. Schwa insertion in the dialect from France is strongly affected by following context and possibly speech style. Schwa insertion in the dialect from Québec is not affected by following context and is strongly predicted by a lack of consonant cluster simplification.
Books on the topic "Word-final consonant clusters"
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Dworkin, Steven N. Phonetics, phonology, and orthography of medieval Hispano-Romance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199687312.003.0002.
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This chapter describes the phonetics, phonology, and the orthographic practices of Old Spanish. It first identifies the vocalic and consonantal phonemes of the medieval language. The following sections describe specific phonetic and phonological issues such as possible allophonic variation between stressed and unstressed vowels, apocope of word-final /-e/, the formation and evolution of new and unfamiliar consonant clusters in the medieval language through vowel syncope, word-final consonant groups resulting from vowel apocope, the phonetic nature of word-initial /f-/, the nature of affricate consonants, and the possible first manifestations in the late medieval language of seseo and yeísmo. The chapter concludes with an overview of the wide orthographic variation in the earliest texts and the attempt to regularize to some degree spelling practices starting in the mid-thirteenth century.
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Wiltshire, Caroline R. Emergence of the Unmarked in Indian Englishes with Different Substrates. Edited by Markku Filppula, Juhani Klemola, and Devyani Sharma. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199777716.013.007.
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This study uses data from Indian English as a second language, spoken by speakers of five first languages, to illustrate and evaluate the role of the emergence of the unmarked (TETU) in phonological theory. The analysis focusses on word-final consonant devoicing and cluster reduction, for which the five Indian first languages have various constraints, while Indian English is relatively unrestricted. Variation in L2 Indian Englishes results from both transfer of L1 phonotactics and the emergence of the unmarked, accounted for within Optimality Theory. The use of a learning algorithm also allows us to test the relative importance of markedness and frequency and to evaluate the relative markedness of various clusters. Thus, data from Indian Englishes provides insight into the form and function of markedness constraints, as well as the mechanisms of Second Language Acquisition (SLA).
Book chapters on the topic "Word-final consonant clusters"
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Eckman, Fred. "8. The reduction of word-final consonant clusters in interlanguage." In Sound Patterns in Second Language Acquisition, edited by Allan James and Jonathan Leather, 143–62. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110878486-009.
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Treiman, Rebecca. "Consonant Omissions." In Beginning to Spell. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062199.003.0011.
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In this chapter, I turn from vowel omission errors to consonant omission errors. Consider the child who spelled blow as BOW. This child did not include any letter for /l/. Similarly, the child who spelled tumble as TUBOL failed to represent /m/. In this chapter, I ask when children omit consonant phonemes from their spelling and why they do so. As in Chapter 7, omission errors are defined phonologically rather than orthographically. Thus, the child who spelled thin as TIN symbolized each phoneme in the word’s spoken form, although he did not spell /θ/ in the conventional manner. From a phonological point of view, this child did not make an omission error. The study of consonant omissions is particularly important in light of the claim that beginning spellers often omit the final consonants of monosyllabic words (Morris & Perney, 1984). For example, children may misspell back as B or BA. Why do they do this? Is it because /k/ is the last consonant in the word, because /k/ is the last consonant in the syllable, or for both reasons? To address these questions, it is necessary to look beyond the simple consonant-vowel-consonant monosyllables that have been analyzed in much of the previous research. An examination of more complex words can also shed light on children’s omissions of consonants in clusters, as in BOW for blow. In the present study, consonant omission errors were not as common as consonant substitution errors. Of the children’s spellings of consonants, 7.4% or 800 out of 10,831 were omission errors. In contrast, 13.3% of all consonant spellings were substitution errors. Although the percentage of consonant omission errors was relatively low overall, omissions were quite common for certain consonants. For example, omissions were relatively common for the /l/ of blow and the /m/ of tumble; they were rare for the /l/ of love and the /m/ of milk. When interpreting the omission rates reported in this chapter, remember that the percentages are out of all the children’s spellings—correctly spelled words as well as incorrectly spelled words.
Conference papers on the topic "Word-final consonant clusters"
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Leykum, Hannah, Sylvia Moosmüller, and Wolfgang U. Dressler. "Homophonous phonotactic and morphonotactic consonant clusters in word-final position." In Interspeech 2015. ISCA: ISCA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2015-388.
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