Journal articles: 'Wood dust'

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Soćko, Renata. "Wood dust – inhalable fraction. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 37, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 27–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9942.

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Wood is a raw material of the wood industry. Exposure to dust from deciduous trees (hardwood) or from a mixture with coniferous species (softwood) is correlated with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinomas. Occupational asthma is the result of actions of the biologically active compounds pre¬sent in some wood species (both hardwood and softwood). Hardwood and softwood dusts may impair clear airway, resulting in chronic lung disease. Taking into account the health effects and the socio-economic conditions of enterprises presented by the European Commission, we propose to lower the current TLV value from 3 mg/m3 to 2 mg/m3 for the inhalable fraction of wood dust, with the note that the TLV value applies to all types of wood dust. The proposed value corresponds to the binding value proposed by the European Commission (BOELV) for the inhalable fraction of hardwood dusts set at 2 mg/m3, taking into account the socio-economic conditions of enterprises. This value will apply in Poland and EU countries from January 18, 2023. The Commission of the European Union included research on exposure to hard and mixed wood dust to technological processes classified as carcino¬genic to humans (Directive 2017/2398/EC) and indicating that if there is a mixture of hardwood dust with other wood dust then MAC refers to the total wood dust present in the mixture. Due to the fact that wood dusts are carcinogenic, mutagenic and cause pneumoco¬niosis, the determination of STEL values is unjustified. Wood dust was labeled as a carcinogen with Annex 1 to the Regulation of Ministry of Health, and with letter “A” because of possible sensitization.

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D. PAKULSKA, Daria, and Renata Soćko. "Wood dust – aspiration fraction Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 33, no. 3(93) (September 10, 2017): 17–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4272.

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Wood is the raw material of the wood industry, which is used in the form of solid wood or in the processed form. Occupational exposure to wood dusts occur during processing and woodworking. The highest levels of wood dust concentrations in the work environment were recorded in the furniture and carpentry industries. The number of workers exposed to wood dust in Poland estimated during WOODEX project (2000-2003) amounted to 310 000, of which 79 000 workers were exposed to wood dust at concentrations < 0.5 mg/m3, 52 000 workers at concentrations: 0.5 ÷ 1 mg/m3, 63 000 workers at concentrations: 1 ÷ 2 mg/m3, 72 000 workers at concentrations: 2 ÷ 5 mg/m3 and 44 000 workers at concentrations > 5 mg/m3. According to data from selected sectors of the economy in Poland in the years 2001-2005, developed in collaboration with the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate at the Institute of Occupational Medicine in Łódź, the arithmetic mean value of inhaled wood dust concentrations in the wood and wood products sector (excluding furniture) was 2,08 mg/m3. This concentration was calculated on the basis of 8 602 measurements. In the case of hardwood dust, exceeded values of NDS at worksites were reported in more than 20% of the measurements, whereas in case of softwood – in less than 10% of measurements. Exposure to hardwood dust (mainly oak and beech wood) or in mixture with conifer species (softwood) is correlated with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinomas, whereas non-neoplastic respiratory symptoms, excluding asthma, are not correlated with the specific type of wood. Occupational asthma is most often the result of action of the biologically active compounds present in some wood species (both hardwood and softwood). One of the better-known species of wood and source of knowledge about occupational asthma is the dust of red cedar wood. Both dust hardwood and softwood may impair clear airway, resulting in chronic lung disease. The health effects of exposure to wood dust concern the upper or lower respiratory tract depending on the size of the wood particles. Occupational exposure to wood dust causes: chronic bronchitis, rhinitis and conjunctivitis and skin irritation, also allergic skin reactions. Spirometry has shown the reduction of the lung function index as a result of mechanical or chemical irritation of the lung tissue. It should be noted that changes in pulmonary function and the occurrence of occupational asthma was found in the woodworking industry workers, mainly employed in furniture industry (with no history of atopy) at concentrations below 1 mg / m3 of wood dust. A review of the studies in humans and in experimental animals show that wood dusts exhibit mutagenic and genotoxic effects. Analysis of DNA taken from people with cancer of the paranasal sinuses, employed in exposure to wood dusts showed mutations, mainly in the gene k-ras, which is one of the most frequently activated oncogenes in human cancers. Furthermore, h-ras mutations in adenocarcinoma patients, chromosomal aberrations in carpenter peripheral blood lymphocytes, damage to DNA strands in rats' hepatocytes, increase in micronuclear frequency in cells of mouse intestine and rats' nasal epithelium have been found. Based on results of epidemiological studies, including case-control studies showed the relationship between the incidence of the nose and paranasal sinuses cancer and the exposure to the wood dust. The risk of adenocarcinoma was a significantly higher compared to the risk of squamous cell carcinoma. The International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded that there was sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity of wood dust in humans and assigned them to Group 1 - a substances with proven carcinogenic effects in humans. The Commission of the European Union has included works related to exposure to hard and mixed wood dusts to technological processes classified as carcinogenic to humans (Directive 2004/37 / EC) and has established a BOELV value for the inhalable wood dust fraction on a level of 5 mg/m3 indicating that if there is a mixture of hardwood dust with other wood dusts then NDS refers to the total wood dust present in the mixture. SCOEL Scientific Committee resigned from the division into hard and soft wood and proposed the exposure limit value for wood dust, taking into account not only its irritating effects on upper and lower respiratory tract but also carcinogenicity (inhalable fraction: 1 mg/m3, total dust 0.5 mg/m3). The health effects of exposure to wood dust and the socio-economic conditions have alsobeen considered by the Committee on Safety and Health at Work (ACSHW), which has proposed a BOELV value for hard wood dusts of 3 mg/m3, taking into account that the lower value would result in the closure of many companies, mostly small, employing 1 to 9 employees. Establishment of the hygienic standards of wood dust is complicated by the fact that we never expose to the wood dust itself. At the same time, we are exposed to naturally occurring chemicals in wood (most of them are irritating and sensitizing). In addition, the biological fraction (bacteria, mold) found in wood dust, mainly fresh, as well as wood preservatives such as organic solvents or formaldehyde, increase the health risk. Another variable considered when assessing risk associated with exposure to wood dust is the particle size emitted during wood processing, which varies according to the type of wood and its treatment. Aerodynamic diameter of the particles is generally in the range of 10 to 30 m, which classifies them into an extra thoracic fraction (penetrating head area) or thoracic fraction (penetrating the trachea bronchial area). Percentage of respirable fraction is usually 15 ÷ 20%. When setting the NDS value for wood dusts, data from a cross-sectional survey of 161 people employed in wood dust exposure in 54 furniture companies were used. Nasal patency was examined after exposure to mixed wood dust at a low concentration (0.17 ÷ 0.74 mg/m3), mean (0.74 ÷ 1.42 mg/m3) and high (1.42 mg/m3). With regard to nasal patency before commencement of the work, exposure to medium and high concentration of wood dust significantly increased nasal congestion, reduced nasal cavity capacity and reduced nasal cross-sectional area as a result of 4-7 hours exposure. There was a statistically significant relationship between the concentration of wood dust and the nasal obstruction grade determined by the method of acoustic rhinometry and the subjective assessment. These symptoms also occurred when the dust concentrations were small, but these symptoms were not statistically significant. Furthermore, patients in the control group had significant differences in nasal passivity before commencement of work compared to the post-work period, thus undermining the observed changes at low concentrations (0.17 ÷ 0.74 mg/m3) of wood dust. Taking into account the above data as well as socioeconomic factors discussed with wood industry representatives in Poland, the Interdepartmental Commission on NDS and NDN at its 84th meeting on 4 November 2016 adopted a concentration of 3 mg/m3 for the maximum permissible concentration (NDS) for the inhalable fraction of all wood dust. Socioeconomic considerations were also taken into account in determining the BOELV value for the inhalable wood dust fraction (3 mg/m3) in the European Union. The adoption of this value without distinction for hard and soft wood is a compromise between current NDS values for wood dust with the exception of dust oak and beech (4 mg/m3) and beech and oak dust (2 mg/m3). The proposed value of NDS is at the level proposed by the European Commission for BOELV for the hard wood dust inhalable fraction (3 mg/m3), which takes into account socio-economic conditions of enterprises. Due to the fact that wood dusts have been shown to be carcinogenic, mutagenic and cause pneumoconiosis, the determination of NDSCh values is unjustified. It is proposed to mark the wood dust notation: "Carc. – category 1 carcinogen, according to the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer and, by reason of possible sensitization, the letter "A ".

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Stuper-Szablewska, Kinga, Tomasz Rogoziński, and Juliusz Perkowski. "Contamination of pine and birch wood dust with microscopic fungi and determination of its sterol contents." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 68, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2924.

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Abstract Wood compounds, especially sterols, are connected with the level of contamination with microscopic fungi. Within this study, tests were conducted on wood dust samples collected at various work stations in a pine and birch timber conversion plant. Their contamination with mycobiota was measured as the concentration of ergosterol (ERG) by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Another aim of this study was to assess the effect of contamination with microscopic fungi on the sterol contents in wood dusts. Analyses were conducted on five sterols: desmosterol, cholesterol, lanosterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol using UPLC and their presence was confirmed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results of chemical analyses showed the greatest contamination with mycobiota in birch wood dust. We also observed varied contents of individual sterols depending on the wood dust type. Their highest concentration was detected in birch dust. The discriminant analysis covering all tested compounds as predictors showed complete separation of all tested wood dust types. The greatest discriminatory power was found for stigmasterol, desmosterol, and ergosterol.

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Proto, Andrea Rosario, Giuseppe Zimbalatti, and Martino Negri. "THE MEASUREMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF WOOD DUST." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 41, no. 1 (March 31, 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2010.1.25.

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In Italy, the woodworking industry presents many issues in terms of occupational health and safety. This study on exposure to wood dust could contribute to the realization of a prevention model in order to limit exposure to carcinogenic agents to the worker. The sampling methodology illustrated the analysis of dust emissions from the woodworking machinery in operation throughout the various processing cycles. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of exposure was performed using two different methodologies. The levels of wood dust were determined according to EN indications and sampling was conducted using IOM and Cyclon personal samplers. The qualitative research of wood dust was performed using an advanced laser air particle counter. This allowed the number of particles present to be counted in real time. The results obtained allowed for an accurate assessment of the quality of the dust emitted inside the workplace during the various processing phases. The study highlighted the distribution of air particles within the different size classes, the exact number of both thin and ultra-thin dusts, and confirmed the high concentration of thin dust particles which can be very harmful to humans.

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Kovacs, Marius, Lorand Toth, and Sorin Simion. "Assessment of explosion risk for wood dust in a ventilation-dust separation installation, by determining the concentration of total dust in suspension inside of the installation." MATEC Web of Conferences 354 (2022): 00006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235400006.

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Most of combustible dusts present both fire and explosion hazard. Explosion may occur at certain concentrations of dust mixed with air and in the presence of an ignition source. The threat posed by this real danger was confirmed by the events that took place in economic units such as: feed factories, wood products, textile industry, steel, etc. Among the parameters of explosiveness of combustible dust, which can cause an explosion, we mention: maximum explosion pressure, lower explosion limit, explosive index, minimum ignition energy, electrical resistivity of dust, minimum ignition temperature of dust layer and cloud, particle size and concentration of dust in suspension. The current paper presents the results of determinations of combustible wood dust concentrations, performed at an important economic unit, manufacturing veneer and wood panels, at a dusting ventilation installation composed of fan, cyclone and textile filter. These determinations were made in the pipe connecting the fan and the bag filter, to assess possible danger of explosion in the pipe, by relating the measured concentration to the lower explosion limit (concentration of wood dust).

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SCHEEPER, B. "Wood-dust exposure during wood-working processes." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 39, no. 2 (April 1995): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-4878(94)00105-a.

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Torres, P. P. T. S., E. Marchiori, S. A. Pinto, and M. F. Rabahi. "Wood charcoal dust pneumoconiosis." Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia (English Edition) 23, no. 4 (July 2017): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.02.006.

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Skovsted, T. A. A., V. Schlünssen, I. Schaumburg, P. Wang, and P. S. Skov. "Hypersensitivity to wood dust." Allergy 55, no. 11 (November 2000): 1089–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00664.x.

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Friesen, M. C., P. A. Demers, H. W. Davies, K. Teschke, G. J. Jacobsen, V. S. Schlunssen, I. S. Schaumburg, et al. "Wood dust mini-symposium." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 64, no. 12 (November 16, 2007): e29-e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.64.12.e29.

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Vandličková, Miroslava, Iveta Marková, Linda Makovická Osvaldová, Stanislava Gašpercová, Jozef Svetlík, and Jozef Vraniak. "Tropical Wood Dusts—Granulometry, Morfology and Ignition Temperature." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 7608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217608.

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The article considers the granulometric analysis of selected samples of tropical wood dust from cumaru (Dipteryx odorata), padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii), ebony (Diospyros crassiflora), and marblewood (Marmaroxylon racemosum) using a Makita 9556CR 1400 W grinder and K36 sandpaper, for the purpose of selecting the percentages of the various fractions (<63; 63; 71; 200; 315; 500 μm) of wood dust samples. Tropical wood dust samples were made using a hand orbital sander Makita 9556CR 1400 W, and sized using the automatic mesh vibratory sieve machine Retsch AS 200 control. Most dust particles (between 50–79%) from all wood samples were under 100 μm in size. This higher percentage is associated with the risk of inhaling the dust, causing damage to the respiratory system, and the risk of a dust-air explosive mixture. Results of granulometric fractions contribution of tropical woods sanding dust were similar. Ignition temperature was changed by particle sizes, and decreased with a decrease in particle sizes. We found that marblewood has the highest minimum ignition temperature (400–420 °C), and padauk has the lowest (370–390 °C).

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Pastier, Martin, Ivana Tureková, Zuzana Turňová, and Jozef Harangozó. "Minimum Ignition Temperature of Wood Dust Layers." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 21, Special-Issue (June 1, 2013): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rput-2013-0021.

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Abstract Fire characteristic (properties) are used to determine the fire risk and explosion hazard of materials. They are defined as numerical values which describe behavior in the process of burning. They can be determinate by standardized test methods. In this paper is described the most important fire technical characteristic of dust layer (minimum ignition temperature) and the results of standard laboratory method determination for wood dusts, aswell.

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Očkajová, Alena, Ján Stebila, Marek Rybakowski, Tomasz Rogozinski, L'uboš Krišták, and Jana L'uptáková. "The Granularity of Dust Particles when Sanding Wood and Wood-Based Materials." Advanced Materials Research 1001 (August 2014): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.432.

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The article presents results of the granulometric composition of chip particles when sanding wood (beech) and wood-based materials (particleboard and semi-hardboard) using different types of sanders – wide belt sander, narrow belt sander, and hand sander. On the basis of the carried out sieve analyses, the proportion of produced particles, which can be marked as dust with the particle size of ≤ 80 μm, is high at the interval from 89.21% - 96.29 %. The highest percentage of dust particles was reached at dust from the hand disk sander. At the end of the article we point to possible technical safety measures – additional dust exhausting, suction, to possibly reduce the dust getting to the working environment.

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Nafis, Z. A. S., M. Nuzaimah, S. I. Abdul Kudus, Y. Yusuf, R. A. Ilyas, V. F. Knight, and M. N. F. Norrrahim. "Effect of Wood Dust Fibre Treatments Reinforcement on the Properties of Recycled Polypropylene Composite (r-WoPPC) Filament for Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM)." Materials 16, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020479.

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The efficacy of wood dust fibre treatment on the property of wood dust reinforced recycled polypropylene composite (r-WoPPC) filament was investigated. The wood dust fibre was treated using alkali, silane, and NaOH-silane. The treated wood fibre was incorporated with r-PP using a twin-screw extruder to produce filament. The silane treatment on wood dust fibre enhances interfacial bonding between wood fibre and recycled PP; hence, a filament has the highest wire pull strength, which is 35.2% higher compared to untreated and alkaline-treated wood dust filament. It is because silanol in silane forms a siloxane bond that acts as a coupling agent that improves interfacial bonding between wood dust fibre and recycled PP. The SEM micrograph of the fracture structure reveals that treated silane has strong interfacial bonding between wood dust fibre and recycled PP, having minimal void, gap, and good fibre adhesion. The water absorption test results indicate that filament with treated wood dust absorbs less water than filament with untreated wood because the treatment minimizes the gap between wood fibres and recycled PP. The FTIR analysis identified the presence of silane on the wood dust surface for silane-treated wood dust. The DSC studies suggest that the temperature range 167–170 °C be used in the extrusion machine to produce r- WoPPC filament. As a result, r-WoPPc filaments containing silane-treated wood dust have better mechanical properties and have a greater potential for usage in FDM applications.

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Horváth, Jozef, and Karol Balog. "Ignition Temperature of Dust Layer and Dust Clouds of Wood Pellets." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 21, Special-Issue (June 1, 2013): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rput-2013-0020.

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Abstract In the production, transport, storage and use of wood pellets forming a flammable and explosive dust. To assess the fire risk of wood pellets was determined ignition temperature of dust layers and dust clouds. We used two commercially produced pellets from wood waste and wood and studied the dependence of ignition temperature on the thickness of dust layer and also observed the ignition temperature dependence of dust clouds from the weight and pressure of air in combustion chamber.

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Rak, Amadeusz, and Leszek Kulesza. "Comparison of dust emissions from an individual wood-fired boiler and dust emissions in the production of the same amount of heat in a combined heat and power plant." MATEC Web of Conferences 240 (2018): 05025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824005025.

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Comparison of dust emissions from an individual wood fired boiler (of various types) and of dust emissions during generation of the same amount of heat in a heat and power station were the aim of this work. For the purpose of the calculations the dust emissions from the heat and power station were assumed as the maximum permissible dust emissions, in line with the regulation of the Minister of Environment of 4 November 2014 on emission standards for certain types of installations, fuel combustion sources and waste incineration and co-incineration devices. The emissions of dusts for boilers were assumed based on available publications. For the purposes of the analysis, three boilers of 15 [kW] power were considered. Based on the obtained results it can be stated that the amounts of dust emitted by selected wood-fired boilers are not significantly different from the amount of dust emitted by a heat and power station for the same effect on the recipient’s side. Heating boilers of powers lower than 15 [kW] exist and for some of them the dust emissions are even smaller than for the boilers discussed herewith. The discussed boilers have heating efficiency of 86 %. If their efficiency were to be higher, the concentration of the dust would have been lower. The solid fuel (wood) fired boilers considered in this work are not the best ones on the market with respect the dust emissions. The ongoing development of the fuel combustion technology allows expecting even further reduction of emissions of dusts.

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Majka, Jerzy, Maciej Sydor, Marta Pędzik, Petar Antov, Ľuboš Krišťák, Richard Kminiak, Martin Kučerka, and Tomasz Rogoziński. "Quantifying the finest particles in dust fractions created during the sanding of untreated and thermally modified beech wood." BioResources 17, no. 1 (November 2, 2021): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.7-20.

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This article deals with the fractionation of wood dust by sieve after sanding. Dust from untreated beechwood was compared to dust from thermally modified beechwood (at 200 °C for 3 h). The authors hypothesized that the thermal modification changes the particle size distributions of the dust sieve fractions and that all the dust sieve fractions contain the finest particles, which are suspendable in the air and are potentially respirable. To obtain dust for testing, both wood materials were sanded with P120 paper at a belt speed of 14.5 m/s and a pressure of 0.65 N/cm2. A set of sieves with aperture sizes of 25, 80, and 250 µm were used to separate the dust into sieve fractions with grain sizes less than 25 µm, 25 to 80 µm, 80 to 250 µm, and greater than 250 µm. The content of the finest particles in the fractions was measured via a laser particle sizer. Both dusts had similar particle size distributions. In addition, each investigated fraction of both dusts contained the finest particles, i.e., less than 10 µm. It follows that the laser analysis method may be necessary to correctly assess the occupational risk at a sanding.

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Zhou, Han Dong, Zhen Ning Liu, and Xiao Bao Lei. "Research on Electrical Resistively of Wood Dust." Advanced Materials Research 142 (October 2010): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.142.134.

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In order to design an ESP (electrostatic precipitator) used for the domain of wood processing, electrical resistively of Wood dust should be understand clearly. The ESP could be applied to the dust of which the specific resistance was 104~1011Ω·cm. Dust specific resistance was related with temperature, humidity, the ingredients of dust and so on. Therefore it must be firstly that the specific resistance of wood dust was researched to decide whether the electrostatic dust separator was applied in wood industry.

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Tureková, Ivana, and Iveta Marková. "Ignition of Deposited Wood Dust Layer by Selected Sources." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 20, 2020): 5779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175779.

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The main waste of wood sanding technology is wood dust. The formation of wood dust affects its behaviour. Wood dust can be in a turbulent form and behaves explosively or in a settled form where it becomes flammable. Dust particles are barely detectable by the naked eye, wood dust still presents substantial health, safety, fire and explosion risks to employees. This article deals with the evaluation of ignition temperature and surface temperature of deposited wood dust samples by selected ignition sources. The influence of selected physical properties of wood dust, the size of the contact area between the ignition source and the combustible material, the spatial arrangement during the ignition and the application time of the ignition source are analysed. The paper describes the behaviour of a 15 mm deposited layer of wood dust of spruce (Picea abies L.), beech (Fagus silvatica L.). oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.) caused by three potential ignition sources—a hot surface, an electric coil and a smouldering cigarette. Prior to the experimental determination of the ignition temperature, dust moisture content which did not significantly affect the ignition phase of the samples, as well as sieve analysis of tested samples were determined. The lowest minimum ignition temperature on the hot plate, as an important property of any fuel, because the combustion reaction of the fuel becomes self-sustaining only above this temperature, was reached by the oak dust sample (280 °C), the highest by the spruce dust sample (300 °C). The ignition process of wood dust was comparable in all samples, differing in the ignition time and the area of the thermally degraded layer. The least effective ignition source was a smouldering cigarette.

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Dado, Miroslav, Anna Lamperová, Luboš Kotek, and Richard Hnilica. "An Evaluation of On-Tool System for Sanding Dust Collection: Pilot Study." Management Systems in Production Engineering 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mspe-2020-0027.

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AbstractHazards identification is essential step in framework of occupational health & safety (OH&S) management system. The task of spruce wood sanding with hand-held power belt sander is considered as a significant resource of exposure to wood dust. Dust from spruce wood is hazard that can cause negative health effects such as asthma and chronic bronchitis. A dust collection box is a commonly used technical measure for reducing exposure to wood dust for this task in practice. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of commercially available dust collection box at reducing exposure to wood dust during the task of sanding spruce wood using hand-held power belt sander. Laboratory experiment involved sanding spruce planks (250 mm × 50 mm × 500 mm) in longitudinal direction using belt sander (Bosch, PBS 75 A) with 120 grit sanding belt. Spruce dust mass concentrations were sampled using an aerosol monitor (TSI Inc., DustTrak DRX 8533) in the breathing zone of operator. Inhalable and respirable dust concentrations were both significantly lower (P < 0.0001) when dust box was attached to belt sander compared with sander without a dust box. Results from this pilot study indicate that dust collection box is efficient technical measure for decreasing exposure to aerosol mass concentration during sanding spruce wood with hand-held belt sander.

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Kulkarni, Chandrahas M., Mahesh H. Karigoudar, and Manjunatha Aithala. "MEASUREMENT OF WOOD DUST PARTICLE SIZE BY OPTICAL MICROSCOPY TECHNIQUE AND LONG-TERM EFFECT ON SAWMILL WORKERS: A RANDOM STUDY." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 9 (December 1, 2016): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s3.15071.

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ABSTRACTObjective: Sawmill workers are exposed to wood dust particles of different sizes, and they cause different respiratory effects depending on the size,physical, and chemical nature of the dust particle and also it is related to the duration of exposure.Introduction: Many studies are done in concern with respiratory effects of wood dust exposure and its toxicity on sawmill workers. Only few studieshave been done regarding measurement of particle size. Hence, this study has been undertaken. To measure the size of wood dust particle of sawmillsto which the workers are exposed to and also to study significance to the duration of exposure to different sizes of wood dust and effect on long-termexposure.Methods: Random samples collected from three different places of different sawmills where there is maximum production and exposure of wooddust. The samples were analyzed and particle was measured using optical microscopy technique. 50 healthy participants from these mills wereassessed for chest expansion in cm and compared against years of wood dust exposure.Results and Conclusion: Overall, it is observed that percentage distribution of size of wood dust particles: 45.9% <0.1 μm, 23.3% 2.5-10,22.3% 0.1-2.5 μm, and 8.5% >10 μm. It may be concluded that occupational hazards are directly proportional to the size of the particle and durationof exposure to wood dust particles. Chest expansion in cm was also found reduced with the increase in the years of exposure to wood dust.Keywords: Sawmill workers, Wood dust, Optical microscopy, Chest expansion.

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HAYES, RICHARD B., MICHEL GERIN, JAN W. RAATGEVER, and ARRY de BRUYN. "WOOD-RELATED OCCUPATIONS, WOOD DUST EXPOSURE, AND SINONASAL CANCER." American Journal of Epidemiology 124, no. 4 (October 1986): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114429.

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Sa'adon, Shafizah, and Anika Zafiah Mohd Rus. "Acoustical Behavior of Treated Wood Dust-Filler for Polymer Foam Composite." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.1039.

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Wood dust filler-polymer foam composite has been studied and proved to have ability to absorb sound. In this study, treated rubber and Meranti wood dust named as RA and MA respectively was use as the filler. This study was developed to compare the behavior of sound absorption based on treated filler and particle size of wood dust. By choosing the size of 355 and 710 μm, three different percentages has been selected which is 10%, 15% and 20% for both type of wood dust. These samples has been tested by using Impedance Tube test for sound absorption coefficient (α) measurement and Noise Reduction Coefficient measurement (NRC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to determine the diameter of pore for selected size and type of wood dust-polymer foam composite. The pore size and structure was influence the sound absorption behavior of each sample. 355 μm-polymer foam composite of every percentage loading shows the uniform pore structure as compared to 710 μm of particle size. NRC results shows that increasing pore size has decrease the NRC value. It is therefore, concluded that the sound absorption coefficient for eachsound absorbing material, with different sizes of wood dust particles, types of wood dust and the percentages of wood dust loading in polymer foam matrix effect the sound absorption behavior.

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Berlian, Alifia Intan, Onny Setiani, and Sulistiyani Sulistiyani. "Organic Wood Dust Exposure as a Risk Factor for Lung Function Disorders in Workers : Systematic Review." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 19, no. 1 (February 21, 2022): 168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v19i1.168-178.

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Wood dust is wood particles that result from wood processing and handling. The level of fine dust in the work environment can expose to workers breathing and cause lung function disorders. Obstructive lung function disorders, namely blockages that make it difficult for air to escape from the lungs, resulting in a decrease in airflow velocity. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine wood dust exposure and risk factors for impaired lung function for workers. Article searches carried out through the Portal Garuda Indonesia, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. There are 9 articles reviewed. Exposure to wood dust was assessed as a significant risk factor for impaired lung function in workers as seen from the statistical analysis results in each study showing that the p-value < 0.05. The risk factors that were stated to have a significant relationship were the concentration of wood dust, gender, work location, use of personal protective equipment (mask), length of work, and smoking habits. Exposure to wood dust increases the risk of impaired lung function in workers, with dust levels ranging from 1.15 mg/m3– 24 mg/m3.

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Verma, Dave K., Cecil Demers, Don Shaw, Paul Verma, Lawrence Kurtz, Murray Finkelstein, Karen des Tombe, and Tom Welton. "Occupational Health and Safety Issues in Ontario Sawmills and Veneer/Plywood Plants: A Pilot Study." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2010 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/526487.

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A pilot study was conducted within the Ontario sawmill and veneer/plywood manufacturing industry. Information was collected by postal questionnaire and observational walk-through surveys. Industrial hygiene walk-through surveys were conducted at 22 work sites, and measurements for wood dust, noise, and bioaerosol were taken. The aim of the study was to obtain data on the current status regarding health and safety characteristics and an estimate of wood dust, noise, and bioaerosol exposures. The occupational exposure to wood dust and noise are similar to what has been reported in this industry in Canada and elsewhere. Airborne wood dust concentration ranged between 0.001 mg/m3and 4.87 mg/m3as total dust and noise exposure ranged between 55 and 117 dB(A). The study indicates the need for a more comprehensive industry-wide study of wood dust, noise, and bioaersols.

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Dado, Miroslav, Marián Kučera, Jozef Salva, Richard Hnilica, and Tatiana Hýrošová. "Influence of Saw Chain Type and Wood Species on the Mass Concentration of Airborne Wood Dust during Cross-Cutting." Forests 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13122009.

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Chainsaw operation is associated with several hazards, including exposure to wood dust, a risk factor which requires serious attention due to health impacts such as respiratory disease. This study aims to investigate the effect of saw chain type and wood species on the mass concentration of airborne wood dust during chainsaw cross-cutting operations. Real-time inhalable and respirable dust measurements in the breathing zone of the chainsaw operator were carried out using a desktop aerosol monitor. Three types of cutter shape (semi chisel, full chisel, and chamfer chisel) and four types of wood species (oak, beech, spruce, and fir) were used in the experiments. The split-plot ANOVA results showed that both respirable and inhalable mass concentrations of wood dust were affected exclusively by wood species. No statistically significant differences were found among particular levels of cutter shape. The highest average mass concentrations of airborne dust were generated by the combination of oak wood and a full chisel cutter.

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Vandlíčková, Miroslava, and Jozef Vraniak. "Effect of the Particle Size of Wood Dust on Ignition Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 755 (September 2017): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.755.38.

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The development of the new technologies has also brought new possibilities of the wood processing, wood shaping and wood materials tending. By reason of increased human need for wood products the industry has shifted from the production in the workshops throught manufactures up to fabrications. This fact also causes increasing of the wood dust amount in the spaces of the production shops or halls, and by that also increased danger of the explosion of the wood dust. At the adequate initiatory source, sufficient amount of flammable material, oxidant and essential pressure, the explosion can occur and last for several miliseconds, therefore people rescue in the endangered spaces in case of explosion is impossible. One of the parameters which influence properties of the flammable wood dust is its particle size. The article deals with the particle size influence of the wood dust at its minimal temperature of ignition in the stired state. On the basis of the experimental measures the influence of the minimal action of the thermal energy for the activation of the ignition process of the wood dust in the stired state at the reacting of pressure and variousness of grit size is assessed.

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Horváth, Jozef, Karol Balog, and Domenico Scarafilo. "Hazards of Explosibility Dust from Wood Pellets." Advanced Materials Research 1001 (August 2014): 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1001.324.

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The main purpose of this publication is to determine minimal ignition temperature of dust cloud. The flammable and explosive dust is formed during the production, transport, storage and usage of the wood pallets. The examined samples in experimental part of the work were made from different kind of pallets. Contribution deals with analysis of fire and explosion hazards of dust particles generated during transportation and handling of wood pellets. Minimum ignition temperature of dust cloud were performed according to STN EN 50281-2-1. In terms of forensic approach, by using of selected methods, the conditions in which initiation and explosion of dust can be occurred were simulated the exposibility for wood pellets dust was tested under different condition using various pressures and various weight to samples. Defining the conditions in which the risk of formation of dangerous situation exists, helps to predict the fire and explosion in the premises where the pellets are used.

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Hutabarat, Jubilette Windy, Nuryunita Nainggolan, Amira Permatasari Tarigan, and Putri Eyanoer. "Correlation Between Wood Dust Levels with Interleukin-8 in Blood Serum Wood Processing Workers at X Company, Tanjung Morawa." Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia 40, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36497/jri.v40i1.94.

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Backgrounds: Wood dust exposure can stimulate proinflammatory cytokines and increase IL-8 levels, which is a foreign body in the body will be phagocytosis by macrophages and excrete mediators such as chemokines, cytokines, and chemoattractants which can cause inflammation. Duration of exposure, number and size of wood dust in the respiratory tract of wood industry workers are associated with various pulmonary disorders such as, COPD, occupational asthma, allergic rhinitis, decreased pulmonary function and pulmonary fibrosis. The aim this study is determine correlation between wood dust levels with interleukin-8 in blood serum among wood processing workers at x company, Tanjung Morawa-North Sumatera. Methods: A cross-sectional study which involved 40 workers from 3 different locations namely cutting, sanding and drafting. Cumulative wood dust exposure was calculated by measuring the dust content at the work site using Dusttrak TSI. IL-8 serum levels were measured using the ELISA technique. The Spearman correlation test was used. Results: Out of 40 workers those who worked in the cutting section were 15 people (37,5%), sanding section were 15 people (37,5%) and drafting section were 10 people (25%). The average level of wood dust PM 2,5 was 5,23 mg/m3while PM10 was 8,24 mg/m3 and the mean level of IL-8 in serum was 163,3 ng/L. This study find that there is a strong correlation between wood dust and IL-8 serum (r = 0,683; p

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E, Meng, Jinzhu Yin, Wu Jin, Yiyang Mao, Qihong Wu, and Jun Qiu. "Wood dust exposure and risks of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis." European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 4 (January 17, 2020): 817–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz239.

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Abstract Background Wood dust has been confirmed as one kind of human carcinogen. However, there are inconsistent study results of exploring the relationship of exposure to wood dust and occurrence of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). For a greater clarification, the authors systemically reviewed the relevant published articles on the relationship of exposure to wood dust and occurrence of NPC. And meta-analysis was conducted. Methods The databases of PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Embase and Science Direct were searched for the relevant publications. And Newcastle-Ottawa scale was employed for judging the quality of articles. Random-effect model was utilized for meta-analysis. Results Among a total of 583 retrieved items, 10 case–control studies and 1 cohort study were selected. The ratio of maximal/minimal exposure concentration of wood dust yielded a pooled odd ratio (OR) of 2.18 (95% CI = 1.62–2.93, P = 0.063) with a moderate heterogeneity (I2: 43.0%; P = 0.001). And subgroup analysis was performed for such factors as exposure status, exposure population and geographic region. No publishing bias was noted. Exposing to a high concentration of wood dust was positively proportional to occurring risk of NPC. Conclusion It hints at the contributing effect of wood dust upon NPC. For eliminating the effects of other confounding factors, larger prospective cohort studies are required for further elucidating the relationship of exposure to wood dust and occurrence of NPC.

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Thiribhuvanamala, G., and A. S. Krishnamoorthy. "Evaluation of different lignocellulosic substrates for cultivation of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum." Journal of Environmental Biology 42, no. 5 (September 27, 2021): 1314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/42/5/mrn-1686.

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Aim: The present study was formulated with an aim to evaluate different locally available residues from trees such as mixed saw dust, saw dust of coconut wood log, coconut leaf stalks/petiole, coconut coir waste, saw dust of areca nut wood log for cultivation of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. Methodology: Locally available agro residues viz., mixed saw dust, saw dust of coconut wood log, chopped coconut leaf stalks/petiole, coconut coir waste, saw dust of areca nut wood log were mixed with 20% wheat bran as supplement and packed in bags at 175 g/bag, autoclaved and aseptically inoculated with grain spawn of G. lucidum and provided with different temperature and humidity conditions for production of fruiting bodies. Results: Among the substrates, coconut wood log saw dust supported early spawn run within 46.5 days and early pinhead production on day 54 followed by pinhead expansion in 62.3 days and first harvest within 70.5 days. The average number of fruiting bodies were also higher (5.75 numbers/bag) with an average weight of 13.5 g/fruiting body that gave significantly higher yield of 77.5 g/175 g substrate with bioefficiency of 44.3% in a cropping cycle of 100.5 days compared to other substrates. Interpretation: The results show that coconut wood log saw dust substrate offers great scope for artificial cultivation of G. lucidum with a significant bioefficiency of 44.3 %.

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Pędzik, Marta, Anna Przybylska-Balcerek, Lidia Szwajkowska-Michałek, Tomasz Szablewski, Tomasz Rogoziński, Maciej Buśko, and Kinga Stuper-Szablewska. "The Dynamics of Mycobiota Development in Various Types of Wood Dust Depending on the Dust Storage Conditions." Forests 12, no. 12 (December 16, 2021): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121786.

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Solid or processed wood, and wood waste in particular (dust, shavings, etc.) are the source of a number of health hazards for workers in the wood industry. One of the many negative health effects of exposure to fungi is allergic diseases caused by hypersensitivity reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wood species and the degree of dust fragmentation, resulting from processing conditions and storage conditions on the level of wood dust contamination with microscopic fungi during 1 year of storage. An additional aspect of the research was the assessment of the influence of the antioxidant wood bioactive compounds on the development of A. alternata microscopic fungi. It was found that the conditions in which wood dust is stored significantly affect the development of microscopic fungi, especially fungi of the genus Alternaria. The results indicate that temperature is the determining factor, not the relative humidity of the air. The degree of dust fragmentation resulting from the sanding paper grit also has a significant impact on the development of microscopic fungi. Finer dust is more susceptible to the development of microscopic fungi. The antioxidant activity of the wood from which the dust was formed was found to have a significant impact on the development of microscopic fungi. An inverse relationship was observed, indicating the strong activity of antimicrobial substances. Gaining comprehensive knowledge of how all factors affect each other is a key step in understanding the risk and implementing measures to prevent and protect the work environment.

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Ratnasingam, Jegatheswaran, Tajuddin Hj Arshad, Albert Khoo, Hazirah Ab Latib, Lim Choon Liat, Jegathesan Ayenkaren, Lee Yan Yi, and Manohar Mariapan. "Wood coating dust emission in the Malaysian furniture industry: A case study." BioResources 15, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 6874–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.6874-6885.

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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the current dust extraction efficiency used in the Malaysian furniture industry and also the effectiveness of using engineered nanoparticle (ENP)-added coatings to reduce dust emission in the wood finishing operation. This study was in response to the enforcement of the Clean Air Regulation (2014), which requires significant improvements in the air quality and the work environment in the wood-based industry in Malaysia. A series of sanding experiments with different abrasive grit sizes and different coating types were conducted to determine the dust emission levels. The results suggested that higher capture velocity of 30 m/s was necessary to effectively capture the wood coating dust emitted. Further, ENP-added wood coatings did not differ markedly from conventional coatings with regard to dust emission characteristics. The study also revealed that total dust concentration had an inverse relationship, while the amount of finer dust particles was linearly related to the coating film hardness. Therefore, to comply with the Clean Air Regulation, the Malaysian furniture industry needs to significantly improve its dust extraction system.

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Blot, William J., Wong-Ho Chow, and Joseph K. McLaughlin. "Wood Dust and Nasal Cancer Risk." Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 39, no. 2 (February 1997): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043764-199702000-00012.

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Huebener, David James. "Dust Controls for a Wood Shaper." Applied Industrial Hygiene 2, no. 4 (July 1987): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1987.10390544.

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Yamanaka, Michael W., Tee L. Guidotti, Niels Koehncke, F. Maurice Taylor, Chris Taylor, and Lloyd Harman. "Wood Dust Levels in Alberta Sawmills." Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health 64, no. 4 (November 30, 2009): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19338240903338247.

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Torres, P. P. T. S., E. Marchiori, S. A. Pinto, and M. F. Rabahi. "Erratum to “Wood Charcoal Dust Pneumoconiosis”." Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia (English Edition) 23, no. 6 (November 2017): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.11.006.

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Schlünssen, Vivi, Thor Aage Skovsted, Inger Schaumburg, Per Stahl Skov, and Torben Sigsgaard. "Wood dust sensitization among Danish woodworkers." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 46, no. 4 (September 16, 2004): 408–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20069.

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Pędzik, Marta, Tomasz Rogoziński, Jerzy Majka, Kinga Stuper-Szablewska, Petar Antov, Lubos Kristak, Richard Kminiak, and Martin Kučerka. "Fine Dust Creation during Hardwood Machine Sanding." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 6602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146602.

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Wood dust generated during woodworking—particularly from hardwood species during sanding—poses a health and safety hazard to workers in the wood industry. This study aimed to determine the particle-size distribution of selected hardwood species and the content of fine particles in dust created during machine sanding, which pose the highest health and safety hazards in the woodworking industry. Six hardwood species were studied: black alder, European ash, common walnut, pedunculate oak, hornbeam, and European beech. The sieve analysis method was used to determine the particle-size distribution and article mean arithmetic particle diameter, and laser diffraction analysis was used to determine the finest particle content. Two size ranges were assumed: <2.5 μm and <10 μm. Beech dust had the smallest mean particle diameter. Dust from wood species used in the test had similar contents of fine fractions of particles. The average content of particles smaller than 2.5 µm in wood dust from the tested hardwood species did not exceed 1.9%. In terms of occupational exposure to wood dust, machine sanding conditions of hardwoods should be properly adjusted to limit the formation of large amounts of dust.

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Stacey, Peter, Andrew Simpson, and Susan Hambling. "The Measurement of Wood in Construction Dust Samples: A Furnace Based Thermal Gravimetric Approach." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 63, no. 9 (September 24, 2019): 1070–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxz072.

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Abstract A furnace-based thermal gravimetric method was developed to measure wood in inhalable construction dust. The application of this method showed that reliance on the inhalable concentrations alone may substantially overestimate carpenters’ exposures to wood dust at construction worksites. Test samples were prepared by collecting aerosols of gypsum, calcite, quartz, concrete, and wood dust onto quartz fibre filters using the Button inhalable sampler. The average difference between the measured and loaded mass of wood is 2% over the whole analytical range. Ninety percent of thermogravimetric measurements on all test samples (n = 35) were 13% or less. The limit of detection was measured as 0.065 mg. The thermal gravimetric method was applied to samples collected from four new build construction sites and one shop fitting worksite. The workplace inhalable wood dust results ranged from 15% to 104% of the total inhalable dust values. In addition, an x-ray diffraction (XRD) Rietveld method was applied as a complimentary approach to explain the composition of the remaining inhalable dust. Most combined thermal gravimetric and XRD measurements were within 10% of the total inhalable dust mass values, determined gravimetrically. Ninety-five percent were within 26%. The median proportion of mineral dust containing gypsum, calcite, quartz, dolomite, or rutile was 30%. The proportion of mineral dust on individual filters varied considerably.

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Kminiak, Richard, Martin Kučerka, Lubos Kristak, Roman Reh, Petar Antov, Alena Očkajová, Tomasz Rogoziński, and Marta Pędzik. "Granulometric Characterization of Wood Dust Emission from CNC Machining of Natural Wood and Medium Density Fiberboard." Forests 12, no. 8 (August 5, 2021): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081039.

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The aim of this paper was to determine the particle size composition of wood dust emission from CNC milling of natural wood and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and evaluate the associated occupational exposure risks. The paper is focused on some of the most commonly used materials in the woodworking and furniture industry, i.e., solid wood (beech, oak, and spruce) and composite materials (MDF panels). In addition to the influence of the machined material, the effect of the technical-technological parameters, namely, feed speed and depth of cut on the particle size distribution, was also investigated. The selected values of the technical-technological parameters used in this study followed the common work practice in small wood processing companies. The particle size distribution was evaluated by using sieve analysis of samples from the total mass of collected wood dust. The results demonstrated that machining of natural wood is characterized mostly by the formation of coarse dust fractions (2 mm–1 mm sieves), whilst the processing of MDF was associated with generation of fine dust fractions with a size below 100 μm. The results obtained can be used for optimizing the technological programs of CNC milling machines, thus, reducing the occupational exposure to harmful wood dust emissions in the wood-processing industry.

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Nafis Syahmi Zainal Azali, Nuzaimah Mustafa, Ridhwan Jumaidin, Syahibudil Ikhwan Abdul Kudus, Nadlene Razali, Mastura Mohammad Taha, Yusliza Yusuf, and Mohd Radzi Ali. "Thermal Properties of Wood Dust Fibre and Recycled Polypropylene (r-WoPPc) for Development of Thermoplastic Composites Filaments of Fused Deposition Modeling." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 96, no. 2 (July 23, 2022): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.96.2.4250.

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The thermal behaviour of filament materials is one of the most important characteristics to study to produce quality filament since the FDM process strongly relies on heating operations such as mixing and printing. To develop composite filament FDM using recycled polypropylene and wood dust fibre (r-WoPPc), the thermal properties of these recycled materials were investigated. Wood dust and recycled PP are by-products of the furniture and plastics industries, and their thermal characteristics may change during manufacturing. Furthermore, wood dust is typically subjected to several cleaning and treatment processes to have a cleaner and impurity-free dust as well as better adhesion with the recycled PP matrix, which both processes may affect its thermal properties. Therefore, TGA and DSC analyses are conducted to ensure its thermal properties before developing the filament. Untreated, NaOH and silane treated wood dust and recycled PP was subjected to TGA and DSC analyses. Wood dust treated with silane had the highest combustion resistance at 372°C compared to untreated wood dust at 360°C and NaOH treated at 320°C. Meanwhile, DSC analysis of recycled PP indicated that it melted at 167°C, which was used to establish the filament extrusion and printing temperatures. In a conclusion, these studies provided a point of reference for determining filament extrusion and printing temperatures.

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ROGOZIŃSKI, TOMASZ, and SERGEI TROFIMOV. "Principles of pulse-jet filters used in the woodworking industry." Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology 105 (June 6, 2019): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7724.

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Principles of pulse-jet filters used in the woodworking industry. The pulse-jet filters used to separate wood dust and factors influencing their operation were described in this paper. The analysis of the possibility of the use of pulse-jet filters for wood dust separation presented in this work was based on two basic quantitative criteria. These are the separation efficiency and the pressure drop in the filtration process performed in a dust collector. The influence of wood dust type, filtration velocity and air relative humidity the separation efficiency and the pressure were described.

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Leivo, Ilmo, Reetta Holmila, Danièle Luce, Torben Steiniche, Michael Dictor, Pirjo Heikkilä, Kirsti Husgafvel-Pursiainen, and Henrik Wolff. "Occurrence of Sinonasal Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma and Non-Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma in Two Countries with Different Patterns of Wood Dust Exposure." Cancers 13, no. 20 (October 19, 2021): 5245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13205245.

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Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma is strongly associated with hardwood dust exposure. Non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma is a rarer and less well-known subtype considered not to be related with wood dust exposure. We determined the relative numbers of these two tumor types in 56 sinonasal adenocarcinoma patients in France and Finland, relating them with carefully assessed wood dust exposure histories. Diagnostic workup including immunohistochemistry for the intestinal markers CDX2 and CK20 indicated that the proportions of the two tumors differed significantly between France and Finland. In Finnish samples non-intestinal adenocarcinomas were more common than intestinal-type adenocarcinomas (12 non-intestinal vs. nine intestinal), while in the French samples the reverse was true (six non-intestinal vs. 29 intestinal). Such remarkably dissimilar occurrence of these tumors in France and Finland presumably reflects different pathogenetic circumstances in the two countries, and perhaps their different patterns of wood dust exposure. In France the main source of wood dust is from hardwoods. In Finland it is derived from softwoods. This is the first systematic comparison of the occurrence of intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma in two countries with different wood usage. It appears to be the first systematic study on differences in wood dust exposure between intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and non-intestinal-type adenocarcinoma.

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Majka, Jerzy, Tomasz Rogoziński, and Wiesław Olek. "Sorption and diffusion properties of untreated and thermally modified beech wood dust." Wood Science and Technology 56, no. 1 (November 13, 2021): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-021-01346-x.

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AbstractDynamic water vapor sorption experiments were carried out using beech wood dust (from untreated and thermally modified wood) of two-particle sizes, (< 25 and 80–250 µm), obtained from abrasive sanding. Sorption isotherms were parameterized with the GAB and GDW models. Dust from thermally modified wood had significantly lower equilibrium moisture content compared to dust from untreated material, due to the reduction in primary sorption sites in treated material. The observed changes were quantified by the coefficients of the GAB and GDW models. Thermal modification and size of wood dust particles had no influence on binding energy of water molecules being linked to the secondary sorption sites. Water diffusivity decreased significantly with increasing moisture content, but only for monolayer sorption. For higher moisture content values, water diffusivity was practically independent of moisture content. These results were found for untreated and thermally modified material as well as for both dust size fractions. The influence of thermal modification on water diffusivity was unclear, which is attributed to the diffusion model, which represents dust particles as spheres and assumes instant hygroscopic equilibrium. Overall, this study indicates that the effectiveness of filtration processes likely depends strongly on sorption and diffusion properties of wood dust only at low moisture contents within the hygroscopic range.

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Brožek, M., A. Nováková, and M. Kolářová. "Quality evaluation of briquettes made from wood waste." Research in Agricultural Engineering 58, No. 1 (March 15, 2012): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/33/2011-rae.

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At logging and at the subsequent wood and wood semi-products treatment the fine grained loose waste arises, e.g. wood dust, saw dust, shavings, chips, bark etc. One of possibilities of its meaningful utilization is the briquetting technology, products of which are briquettes determined for energetic utilization (combustion). In the paper the experimental results are published. The briquettes quality evaluation was their aim. For the briquetting tests bark (pine), shavings (about 90% spruce + 10% pine), sawdust (spruce), birch chips and poplar chips were used. The basic physical-mechanical properties were the evaluation criteria. Following properties were determined: gross calorific value, total moisture content, density, rupture force, length, diameter, density and mechanical durability.

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Akter, Rocksana, Md Kamal Hossain, Md Shibly Anwar, and Kalimur Rahman. "Performance evaluation of coal dust and wood powder ash as alternates of conventional filler in the asphalt concrete." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 4, no. 1 (April 12, 2022): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/sei.v4i1.id157.

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Mineral fillers provide a significant role in the Marshall properties of hot mix asphalt for paving applications. The article's goal is to assess the suitability and effectiveness of two minerals (coal dust and wood powder ash) used as fillers in asphalt concrete. Chemical composition test using X-ray fluorescence indicated a high content of SiO2, Fe2O3, and Al2O3, which encouraged us to select the coal dust and wood powder ash as mineral fillers for further investigation. A total of 90 cylindrical Marshall Specimens, made with different percentages (i.e., 4%-8%) of coal dust, wood powder ash, and conventional stone dust filler were prepared to assess the performance of individual filler within the asphalt concrete mix. And after that, volumetric characteristics such as density, stability-flow test, air void, and voids in mineral aggregates have been analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of every sample and, afterward, to find out the optimum asphalt content. Finally, the optimum asphalt content for every filler material was ascertained, and subsequently, Marshall properties were checked again to assess the optimum filler content in the mix that satisfy all the standard criteria. The overall Marshall properties for both fillers were within the acceptable limits. Though the optimum asphalt content was higher for coal dust than wood powder ash and stone dust, the wood powder ash showed better durability than coal dust. All mixtures have been found to have better resistance to deformation, fatigue, and moisture-induced damages; however, 4% coal dust and 6% wood powder ash satisfied most of the Marshall criteria than other percentages.

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Dado, Miroslav, Lucia Mikušová, and Richard Hnilica. "Laboratory Investigations Applied to Wood Dust Emmited by Electrical Hand-Held Belt Sander." Management Systems in Production Engineering 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mspe-2018-0021.

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Abstract Aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of grit size and wood species on mass concentration and size distribution of wood dust produced by hand-held belt sander. Experimental study was designed as 2x2 full factorial experiments. Experimental parameters and their levels were abrasive grain size (P80, P120) and wood species (European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies)).The mass concentration of emitted wood dust was measured using aerosol monitor (TSI Inc., DustTrak DRX 8533). Sampler head was sited in place representing breathing zone of operator of sander. The results was analysed employing the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 5% of significance level. Real-time measurements demonstrated that spruce wood generated higher dust concentrations than beech wood due to difference in abrasion durability. Compared to sanding belt with P80 grit size, approximately 16%-32% higher dust concentration was generated when the sanding belt with P120 grit size was used.

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Nikmah, Faradilla. "Literature Review : Risk Factors Wood Dust Exposure on Workers Lung Status." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 12, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v12i3.2020.200-210.

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Introduction: Health problems caused by environmental factors are still one of the main things to note. One of the dangers in the work environment is the presence of organic dust including wood dust. Organic dust flying in the air is able to interfere with the health of the workers through the respiratory tract. The resulting wood dust is at risk causing lung faal status disorders in workers. This article aims to explore risks factors for wood dust exposure to the status of lung faal in wood industry workers based on the previously performed research from published journals. Discussion: This research used a method of literature study with a comparative study approach. The selected research should be in appropriated with the topic and through the protocols that have been set to become secondary data. The results of data analysis indicated that almost all research use observational analytic types with cross sectional approaches. Wood dust that has entered through the respiratory tract worker is influenced by several variables. The most often used risk factors as a research variable are dust levels, age, use of PPE, and smoking habit. Conclusion: The research can be concluded that independent variables of selected research are less varied. The selected research variables already existed in previous research. Upcoming researchers are expected to be able display new variables that are suspected to affect the status of the lung Faal on wood industry workers.

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Matrat, Mireille, Loredana Radoï, Joëlle Févotte, Florence Guida, Sylvie Cénée, Diane Cyr, Marie Sanchez, et al. "Occupational exposure to wood dust and risk of lung cancer: the ICARE study." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, no. 12 (September 19, 2019): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-105802.

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ObjectivesIn a previous analysis of data from a French population-based case–control study (the Investigation of occupational and environmental CAuses of REspiratory cancers (ICARE) study), ‘having ever worked’ in wood-related occupations was associated with excess lung cancer risk after adjusting for smoking but not for occupational factors. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between lung cancer risk and wood dust exposure after adjusting for occupational exposures.MethodsData were obtained from 2276 cases and 2780 controls on smoking habits and lifelong occupational history, using a standardised questionnaire with a job-specific questionnaire for wood dust exposure. Logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs and 95% CIs adjusted for age, area of residence, tobacco smoking, the number of job periods and exposure to silica, asbestos and diesel motor exhaust (DME).ResultsNo significant association was found between lung cancer and wood dust exposure after adjustment for smoking, asbestos, silica and DME exposures. The risk of lung cancer was slightly increased among those who were exposed to wood dust more than 10 years, and had over 40 years since the first exposure.ConclusionOur findings do not provide a strong support to the hypothesis that wood dust exposure is a risk factor for lung cancer. This study showed the importance of taking into account smoking and occupational coexposures in studies on lung cancer and wood dust exposure. Further studies evaluating the level and frequency of exposure during various tasks in woodwork are needed.

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Pałubicki, Bartosz, Luďka Hlásková, and Tomasz Rogoziński. "Influence of Exhaust System Setup on Working Zone Pollution by Dust during Sawing of Particleboards." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (May 21, 2020): 3626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103626.

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Air pollution by wood dust in furniture production sites is an important hygiene issue. The dust is created by all types of wood and wood-based material machining, and its concentration in the working zone surrounding the machining stand depends on the effectiveness of the dust exhaust system. In present research, three setups of the dust extraction system for a conventional table sawing machine are considered while machining particleboards. The results showed a high impact of the exhaust system connection setup on the dust concentration in the air surrounding the sawing machine work stand. The use of both main and auxiliary sawdust extraction connectors together ensured the highest clearness of the air, with only 0.5 mg/m3 of dust concentration. Closing the upper hood leads to a concentration five times higher, while disconnecting it results in a ten times higher dust content. The finest dust particles (<1 µm), however, are the most numerous in the case of closing the hood.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Wood dust'

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