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Academic literature on the topic 'Wood dust'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Wood dust"

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Soćko, Renata. "Wood dust – inhalable fraction. Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 37, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 27–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9942.

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Wood is a raw material of the wood industry. Exposure to dust from deciduous trees (hardwood) or from a mixture with coniferous species (softwood) is correlated with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinomas. Occupational asthma is the result of actions of the biologically active compounds pre¬sent in some wood species (both hardwood and softwood). Hardwood and softwood dusts may impair clear airway, resulting in chronic lung disease. Taking into account the health effects and the socio-economic conditions of enterprises presented by the European Commission, we propose to lower the current TLV value from 3 mg/m3 to 2 mg/m3 for the inhalable fraction of wood dust, with the note that the TLV value applies to all types of wood dust. The proposed value corresponds to the binding value proposed by the European Commission (BOELV) for the inhalable fraction of hardwood dusts set at 2 mg/m3, taking into account the socio-economic conditions of enterprises. This value will apply in Poland and EU countries from January 18, 2023. The Commission of the European Union included research on exposure to hard and mixed wood dust to technological processes classified as carcino¬genic to humans (Directive 2017/2398/EC) and indicating that if there is a mixture of hardwood dust with other wood dust then MAC refers to the total wood dust present in the mixture. Due to the fact that wood dusts are carcinogenic, mutagenic and cause pneumoco¬niosis, the determination of STEL values is unjustified. Wood dust was labeled as a carcinogen with Annex 1 to the Regulation of Ministry of Health, and with letter “A” because of possible sensitization.
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D. PAKULSKA, Daria, and Renata Soćko. "Wood dust – aspiration fraction Documentation of proposed values of occupational exposure limits (OELs)." Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy 33, no. 3(93) (September 10, 2017): 17–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4272.

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Wood is the raw material of the wood industry, which is used in the form of solid wood or in the processed form. Occupational exposure to wood dusts occur during processing and woodworking. The highest levels of wood dust concentrations in the work environment were recorded in the furniture and carpentry industries. The number of workers exposed to wood dust in Poland estimated during WOODEX project (2000-2003) amounted to 310 000, of which 79 000 workers were exposed to wood dust at concentrations < 0.5 mg/m3, 52 000 workers at concentrations: 0.5 ÷ 1 mg/m3, 63 000 workers at concentrations: 1 ÷ 2 mg/m3, 72 000 workers at concentrations: 2 ÷ 5 mg/m3 and 44 000 workers at concentrations > 5 mg/m3. According to data from selected sectors of the economy in Poland in the years 2001-2005, developed in collaboration with the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate at the Institute of Occupational Medicine in Łódź, the arithmetic mean value of inhaled wood dust concentrations in the wood and wood products sector (excluding furniture) was 2,08 mg/m3. This concentration was calculated on the basis of 8 602 measurements. In the case of hardwood dust, exceeded values of NDS at worksites were reported in more than 20% of the measurements, whereas in case of softwood – in less than 10% of measurements. Exposure to hardwood dust (mainly oak and beech wood) or in mixture with conifer species (softwood) is correlated with nasopharyngeal adenocarcinomas, whereas non-neoplastic respiratory symptoms, excluding asthma, are not correlated with the specific type of wood. Occupational asthma is most often the result of action of the biologically active compounds present in some wood species (both hardwood and softwood). One of the better-known species of wood and source of knowledge about occupational asthma is the dust of red cedar wood. Both dust hardwood and softwood may impair clear airway, resulting in chronic lung disease. The health effects of exposure to wood dust concern the upper or lower respiratory tract depending on the size of the wood particles. Occupational exposure to wood dust causes: chronic bronchitis, rhinitis and conjunctivitis and skin irritation, also allergic skin reactions. Spirometry has shown the reduction of the lung function index as a result of mechanical or chemical irritation of the lung tissue. It should be noted that changes in pulmonary function and the occurrence of occupational asthma was found in the woodworking industry workers, mainly employed in furniture industry (with no history of atopy) at concentrations below 1 mg / m3 of wood dust. A review of the studies in humans and in experimental animals show that wood dusts exhibit mutagenic and genotoxic effects. Analysis of DNA taken from people with cancer of the paranasal sinuses, employed in exposure to wood dusts showed mutations, mainly in the gene k-ras, which is one of the most frequently activated oncogenes in human cancers. Furthermore, h-ras mutations in adenocarcinoma patients, chromosomal aberrations in carpenter peripheral blood lymphocytes, damage to DNA strands in rats' hepatocytes, increase in micronuclear frequency in cells of mouse intestine and rats' nasal epithelium have been found. Based on results of epidemiological studies, including case-control studies showed the relationship between the incidence of the nose and paranasal sinuses cancer and the exposure to the wood dust. The risk of adenocarcinoma was a significantly higher compared to the risk of squamous cell carcinoma. The International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded that there was sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity of wood dust in humans and assigned them to Group 1 - a substances with proven carcinogenic effects in humans. The Commission of the European Union has included works related to exposure to hard and mixed wood dusts to technological processes classified as carcinogenic to humans (Directive 2004/37 / EC) and has established a BOELV value for the inhalable wood dust fraction on a level of 5 mg/m3 indicating that if there is a mixture of hardwood dust with other wood dusts then NDS refers to the total wood dust present in the mixture. SCOEL Scientific Committee resigned from the division into hard and soft wood and proposed the exposure limit value for wood dust, taking into account not only its irritating effects on upper and lower respiratory tract but also carcinogenicity (inhalable fraction: 1 mg/m3, total dust 0.5 mg/m3). The health effects of exposure to wood dust and the socio-economic conditions have alsobeen considered by the Committee on Safety and Health at Work (ACSHW), which has proposed a BOELV value for hard wood dusts of 3 mg/m3, taking into account that the lower value would result in the closure of many companies, mostly small, employing 1 to 9 employees. Establishment of the hygienic standards of wood dust is complicated by the fact that we never expose to the wood dust itself. At the same time, we are exposed to naturally occurring chemicals in wood (most of them are irritating and sensitizing). In addition, the biological fraction (bacteria, mold) found in wood dust, mainly fresh, as well as wood preservatives such as organic solvents or formaldehyde, increase the health risk. Another variable considered when assessing risk associated with exposure to wood dust is the particle size emitted during wood processing, which varies according to the type of wood and its treatment. Aerodynamic diameter of the particles is generally in the range of 10 to 30 m, which classifies them into an extra thoracic fraction (penetrating head area) or thoracic fraction (penetrating the trachea bronchial area). Percentage of respirable fraction is usually 15 ÷ 20%. When setting the NDS value for wood dusts, data from a cross-sectional survey of 161 people employed in wood dust exposure in 54 furniture companies were used. Nasal patency was examined after exposure to mixed wood dust at a low concentration (0.17 ÷ 0.74 mg/m3), mean (0.74 ÷ 1.42 mg/m3) and high (1.42 mg/m3). With regard to nasal patency before commencement of the work, exposure to medium and high concentration of wood dust significantly increased nasal congestion, reduced nasal cavity capacity and reduced nasal cross-sectional area as a result of 4-7 hours exposure. There was a statistically significant relationship between the concentration of wood dust and the nasal obstruction grade determined by the method of acoustic rhinometry and the subjective assessment. These symptoms also occurred when the dust concentrations were small, but these symptoms were not statistically significant. Furthermore, patients in the control group had significant differences in nasal passivity before commencement of work compared to the post-work period, thus undermining the observed changes at low concentrations (0.17 ÷ 0.74 mg/m3) of wood dust. Taking into account the above data as well as socioeconomic factors discussed with wood industry representatives in Poland, the Interdepartmental Commission on NDS and NDN at its 84th meeting on 4 November 2016 adopted a concentration of 3 mg/m3 for the maximum permissible concentration (NDS) for the inhalable fraction of all wood dust. Socioeconomic considerations were also taken into account in determining the BOELV value for the inhalable wood dust fraction (3 mg/m3) in the European Union. The adoption of this value without distinction for hard and soft wood is a compromise between current NDS values for wood dust with the exception of dust oak and beech (4 mg/m3) and beech and oak dust (2 mg/m3). The proposed value of NDS is at the level proposed by the European Commission for BOELV for the hard wood dust inhalable fraction (3 mg/m3), which takes into account socio-economic conditions of enterprises. Due to the fact that wood dusts have been shown to be carcinogenic, mutagenic and cause pneumoconiosis, the determination of NDSCh values is unjustified. It is proposed to mark the wood dust notation: "Carc. – category 1 carcinogen, according to the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer and, by reason of possible sensitization, the letter "A ".
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Stuper-Szablewska, Kinga, Tomasz Rogoziński, and Juliusz Perkowski. "Contamination of pine and birch wood dust with microscopic fungi and determination of its sterol contents." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 68, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2924.

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Abstract Wood compounds, especially sterols, are connected with the level of contamination with microscopic fungi. Within this study, tests were conducted on wood dust samples collected at various work stations in a pine and birch timber conversion plant. Their contamination with mycobiota was measured as the concentration of ergosterol (ERG) by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Another aim of this study was to assess the effect of contamination with microscopic fungi on the sterol contents in wood dusts. Analyses were conducted on five sterols: desmosterol, cholesterol, lanosterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol using UPLC and their presence was confirmed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results of chemical analyses showed the greatest contamination with mycobiota in birch wood dust. We also observed varied contents of individual sterols depending on the wood dust type. Their highest concentration was detected in birch dust. The discriminant analysis covering all tested compounds as predictors showed complete separation of all tested wood dust types. The greatest discriminatory power was found for stigmasterol, desmosterol, and ergosterol.
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Proto, Andrea Rosario, Giuseppe Zimbalatti, and Martino Negri. "THE MEASUREMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF WOOD DUST." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 41, no. 1 (March 31, 2010): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2010.1.25.

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In Italy, the woodworking industry presents many issues in terms of occupational health and safety. This study on exposure to wood dust could contribute to the realization of a prevention model in order to limit exposure to carcinogenic agents to the worker. The sampling methodology illustrated the analysis of dust emissions from the woodworking machinery in operation throughout the various processing cycles. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of exposure was performed using two different methodologies. The levels of wood dust were determined according to EN indications and sampling was conducted using IOM and Cyclon personal samplers. The qualitative research of wood dust was performed using an advanced laser air particle counter. This allowed the number of particles present to be counted in real time. The results obtained allowed for an accurate assessment of the quality of the dust emitted inside the workplace during the various processing phases. The study highlighted the distribution of air particles within the different size classes, the exact number of both thin and ultra-thin dusts, and confirmed the high concentration of thin dust particles which can be very harmful to humans.
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Kovacs, Marius, Lorand Toth, and Sorin Simion. "Assessment of explosion risk for wood dust in a ventilation-dust separation installation, by determining the concentration of total dust in suspension inside of the installation." MATEC Web of Conferences 354 (2022): 00006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235400006.

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Most of combustible dusts present both fire and explosion hazard. Explosion may occur at certain concentrations of dust mixed with air and in the presence of an ignition source. The threat posed by this real danger was confirmed by the events that took place in economic units such as: feed factories, wood products, textile industry, steel, etc. Among the parameters of explosiveness of combustible dust, which can cause an explosion, we mention: maximum explosion pressure, lower explosion limit, explosive index, minimum ignition energy, electrical resistivity of dust, minimum ignition temperature of dust layer and cloud, particle size and concentration of dust in suspension. The current paper presents the results of determinations of combustible wood dust concentrations, performed at an important economic unit, manufacturing veneer and wood panels, at a dusting ventilation installation composed of fan, cyclone and textile filter. These determinations were made in the pipe connecting the fan and the bag filter, to assess possible danger of explosion in the pipe, by relating the measured concentration to the lower explosion limit (concentration of wood dust).
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SCHEEPER, B. "Wood-dust exposure during wood-working processes." Annals of Occupational Hygiene 39, no. 2 (April 1995): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-4878(94)00105-a.

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Torres, P. P. T. S., E. Marchiori, S. A. Pinto, and M. F. Rabahi. "Wood charcoal dust pneumoconiosis." Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia (English Edition) 23, no. 4 (July 2017): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rppnen.2017.02.006.

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Skovsted, T. A. A., V. Schlünssen, I. Schaumburg, P. Wang, and P. S. Skov. "Hypersensitivity to wood dust." Allergy 55, no. 11 (November 2000): 1089–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00664.x.

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Friesen, M. C., P. A. Demers, H. W. Davies, K. Teschke, G. J. Jacobsen, V. S. Schlunssen, I. S. Schaumburg, et al. "Wood dust mini-symposium." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 64, no. 12 (November 16, 2007): e29-e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.64.12.e29.

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Vandličková, Miroslava, Iveta Marková, Linda Makovická Osvaldová, Stanislava Gašpercová, Jozef Svetlík, and Jozef Vraniak. "Tropical Wood Dusts—Granulometry, Morfology and Ignition Temperature." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 7608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217608.

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The article considers the granulometric analysis of selected samples of tropical wood dust from cumaru (Dipteryx odorata), padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii), ebony (Diospyros crassiflora), and marblewood (Marmaroxylon racemosum) using a Makita 9556CR 1400 W grinder and K36 sandpaper, for the purpose of selecting the percentages of the various fractions (<63; 63; 71; 200; 315; 500 μm) of wood dust samples. Tropical wood dust samples were made using a hand orbital sander Makita 9556CR 1400 W, and sized using the automatic mesh vibratory sieve machine Retsch AS 200 control. Most dust particles (between 50–79%) from all wood samples were under 100 μm in size. This higher percentage is associated with the risk of inhaling the dust, causing damage to the respiratory system, and the risk of a dust-air explosive mixture. Results of granulometric fractions contribution of tropical woods sanding dust were similar. Ignition temperature was changed by particle sizes, and decreased with a decrease in particle sizes. We found that marblewood has the highest minimum ignition temperature (400–420 °C), and padauk has the lowest (370–390 °C).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wood dust"

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Alwis, Kuruppuge Udeni. "Occupational Exposure to Wood Dust." University of Sydney, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/392.

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ABSTRACT Occupational exposure to wood dust and biohazards associated with wood dust (endotoxins, (1->3)-b-D-glucans, Gram (-)ve bacteria and fungi), their correlation to respiratory function, and symptoms among woodworkers have been investigated in the present study. Wood dust, endotoxins, and allergenic fungi are the main hazards found in woodworking environments. Relatively very few studies have been done on wood dust exposure. The present study was designed to comprehensively investigate the health effects of wood dust exposure, and in particular provide new information regarding: Exposure to (1->3)-b-D-glucans in an occupational environment; Levels of exposure to wood dust and biohazards associated with wood dust in different woodworking environments; Correlations among personal exposures, especially correlations between (1->3)-b-D-glucans and fungi exposures, and endotoxins and Gram (-)ve bacteria exposures; Effects of personal exposure to biohazards on lung function; Effects of personal exposure to biohazards on work-related symptoms; and Determinants of inhalable exposures (provide which factors in the environment influence the personal inhalable exposures). Workers at four different woodworking processes; two logging sites, four sawmills, one major woodchipping operation and five joineries situated in the state of New South Wales in Australia were studied for personal exposure to inhalable dust (n=182) and respirable dust (n=81), fungi (n=120), Gram (-)ve bacteria (n=120), inhalable endotoxin (n=160), respirable endotoxin (n=79), inhalable (1->3)-b-D-glucan (n=105), and respirable (1->3)-b-D-glucan (n=62). The workers (n=168) were also tested for lung function. A questionnaire study (n=195) was carried out to determine the prevalence of work-related symptoms. The geometric mean inhalable exposure at logging sites was 0.56 mg/m3 (n=7), sawmills 1.59 mg/m3 (n=93), the woodchipping mill 1.86 mg/m3 (n=9) and joineries 3.68 mg/m3 (n=66). Overall, sixty two percent of the exposures exceeded the current standards. Among joineries, 95% of the hardwood exposures and 35% of the softwood exposures were above the relevant standards. Compared with green mills, the percentage of samples, which exceeded the hardwood standard was high for dry mills (70% in dry mills, 50% in green mills). The respirable dust exposures were high at the joineries compared with the other worksites. Exposure levels to fungi at logging sites and sawmills were in the range 103-104 cfu/m3, woodchipping 103-105 cfu/m3 and joineries 102-104 cfu/m3. The predominant fungi found at sawmills were Penicillium spp. High exposure levels of Aureobasidium pullulans were also found at two sawmills. At the woodchipping mill the predominant species were Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium spp., and Paecilomyces spp. The sawmills, which employed kiln drying processes, had lower exposure levels of fungi compared with the green mills. Those workplaces which had efficient dust control systems showed less exposure to fungi and bacteria. Although mean endotoxin levels were lower than the suggested threshold value of 20 ng/m3, some personal exposures at sawmills and joineries exceeded the threshold limit value. The mean inhalable (1->3)-b-D-glucan level at the woodchipping mill was 2.32 ng/m3, at sawmills 1.37 ng/m3, at logging sites 2.02 ng/m3, and at joineries 0.43 ng/m3. For the respirable size fraction, mean endotoxin and mean (1->3)-b-D-glucan concentrations were much lower, being similar to observed dust concentrations. Significant correlations were found between mean inhalable endotoxin and Gram (-)ve bacteria levels (p<0.0001), and mean airborne inhalable (1->3)-b-D-glucan and fungi levels (p=0.0003). The correlations between mean respirable endotoxin levels vs Gram (-)ve bacteria exposure levels (p=0.005), and respirable (1->3)-b-D-glucan exposure levels vs total fungi levels (p=0.005) were also significant. Significant correlations were found between lung function and personal exposures. Multivariate analyses showed that the effect of all the personal exposures on cross-shift decrements in lung function was more prominent among sawmill and chip mill workers compared with joinery workers. Woodworkers had markedly high prevalence of cough, phlegm, chronic bronchitis, frequent headaches, throat and eye irritations, and nasal symptoms compared with controls. Among the woodworkers, smokers had a high prevalence of chronic bronchitis (20%) compared with non-smokers (10%). Some workers also reported a variety of allergy problems due to exposure to various types of wood dust. Both joinery workers and sawmill and chip mill workers revealed significant correlations between work-related symptoms and personal exposures. Chronic bronchitis was significantly correlated with personal exposure to wood dust, endotoxin, (1->3)-b-D-glucan, fungi, and Gram (-)ve bacteria among joinery workers. Whereas among sawmill workers chronic bronchitis was significantly correlated with personal exposure to endotoxin, (1->3)-b-D-glucan, and fungi. Woodworkers showed significant positive correlations between percentage cross-shift change (decrease) in lung function and respiratory symptoms. Significant inverse correlations were also found among percentage predicted lung function and respiratory symptoms. The elevated inhalable dust exposures observed in this study can be explained by a combination of factors, including: lack of awareness of potential health effects of wood dust exposure among both management and workers, aging equipment, inadequate and ineffective dust extraction systems or usually none especially for hand held tools, poor maintenance of the ventilation system in some, non-segregation of dusty processes, dry sweeping, and the use of compressed air jets. The determinant-of-exposure analysis confirmed the field observations. The significant determinants of personal inhalable dust exposures (n=163) were found to be: local exhaust ventilation, job title, use of hand-held tools, cleaning method used, use of compressed air, and green or dry wood processed. Type of wood processed was not found to be statistically significant. A majority of workers (~90%) did not wear appropriate respirators approved for wood dust, while the workers who did wear them, used them on average less than 50% of the time. Workers should be protected by controlling dust at its source. When exposure to wood dust cannot be avoided, engineering controls should be supplemented with the use of appropriate personal protective equipment.
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Yamanaka, Michael Warren. "An investigation of wood dust exposure in Alberta sawmills." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0009/MQ59903.pdf.

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Copeland, Natalie Suzanne. "Evaluating a wood-strand material for wind erosion control and air quality protection." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2007/n_copeland_113007.pdf.

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Gutiérrez, Iris Raquel [Verfasser]. "Toxicity Screening of Wood Combustion Fine Dust Using a Microbial Test Battery / Iris Raquel Gutiérrez." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1049892852/34.

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Axelsson, Sara. "Resin acids in commercial products and the work environment of Swedish wood pellets production : Analytical methodology, occurrence and exposure." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för analytisk kemi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-74448.

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The aims of the work this thesis is based upon were to develop convenient analytical procedures for determining resin acids in biological and environmental matrices, and apply them to enhance understanding of the occurrence, exposure to and uptake by exposed individuals of resin acids. Particular focus has been on the workplace environment of the Swedish wood pellets industry. Sample extraction procedures and high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS) methodologies were developed for measuring resin acids in dust, skin and urine samples. Chromatographic separation of abietic (AA) and pimaric acid was achieved by using a polar-embedded C12 stationary phase. The HPLC/ESI-MS method avoids undesirable oxidation of AA, which was found to occur during the derivatisation step in the standard MDHS 83/2 gas chromatography/flame ionisation detection (GC/FID) methodology, leading to false observations of both AA and the oxidation product 7-oxodehydroabietic acid (7-OXO). Personal exposures to resin acids in the Swedish wood pellet production industry were found to be lower, on average, than the British Occupational Exposure Limit for rosin (50 µg/m3). The oxidised resin acid 7-OXO, was detected in both dust and skin samples indicating the presence of allergenic resin acids. A correlation between air and post-shift urinary concentrations of dehydroabietic acid (DHAA), and a trend towards an increase in urinary 7-OXO during work shifts, were also observed. Whether the increase in 7-OXO was due to direct uptake or metabolism of other resin acids cannot be concluded from the results. An efficient HPLC/UV methodology with diode-array detection was developed for screening commercial products for rosin that could be used in laboratories lacking mass spectrometers. Very high concentrations of free resin acids were detected in depilatory wax strips using the method.
At the time of doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Submitted.
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Tokar, O. M. "The influence of air pollution of working space with wood dust on the dental health of the workers." Thesis, БДМУ, 2020. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17850.

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Melo, Jessyka Meierjurgen. "Caracterização de compósito produzido com diferentes frações de pó de madeira e polietileno de alta densidade." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2015. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1359.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jessyka Meierjurgen Melo.pdf: 1463151 bytes, checksum: b96ae4642ea3139b9e867598e3bba7c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-15
The present work aimed to highlight the study of polymeric composite development to be responsible with the environment and with the growth of the recycling of materials, from the use of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with eucalyptus wood dust from the manufacturing furniture. The study started from a literature search where were analyzed the factors involving the subject in question, highlighting the concept of polymer, synthetic fibers, wood dust presence, and composites to identify and understand the problem in issue. Mechanical, morphological and rheological tests were done with composites with concentrations of 5, 10 and 20% of wood dust in relation to the polymer matrix in order to characterize and compare the obtained materials. It was noted that during the study samples with wood dust had higher mechanical performance compared to pure HDPE sample. Based on this context, this study was developed to analyze the possibilities ahead so the production of HDPE composite from different wood dust fractions.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo destacar o estudo de desenvolvimento de compósito polimérico responsável com o meio ambiente e com o crescimento da reciclagem de materiais, a partir da utilização de polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD) com pó de madeira de eucalipto, proveniente da fabricação de móveis. O estudo iniciou a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica onde foram analisados os principais fatores que envolvem o tema em questão, destacando o conceito de polímero, das fibras sintéticas, a presença do pó de madeira, seus compósitos a fim de identificar e conhecer o problema em questão. O estudo desenvolveu-se a partir de ensaios mecânicos, morfológico e reológico, dos compósitos com as concentrações de 5, 10 e 20% de madeira em relação à matriz polimérica, a fim de caracterizar e comparar os materiais obtidos. Notou-se que durante os estudos as amostras com pó de madeira apresentaram maior desempenho mecânico comparado a amostra de PEAD puro. Baseado neste contexto, este estudo foi desenvolvido visando assim analisar as possibilidades frente a produção do compósito de PEAD a partir de diferentes concentrações de pó de madeira.
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Coronas, Mariana Vieira. "Área contaminada : avaliação da genotoxicidade ambiental e populacional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142957.

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O processo de tratamento da madeira utiliza substâncias que geram compostos perigosos que podem contaminar os compartimentos ambientais. O presente estudo avaliou uma área sob influência da contaminação de solo proveniente das atividades de uma usina de tratamento de madeira desativada. A presença e o efeito de compostos mutagênicos em amostras ambientais foram utilizados como marcadores de exposição associada à avaliação de marcadores genéticos de efeito precoce em humanos, com foco em crianças como grupo sensível. Uma área 1750 m distante da usina, fora do quadrante dispersão preferencial atmosférica e em oposição à drenagem do local, foi utilizada como local de referência para a coleta de amostras e comparação. Extratos orgânicos de água de abastecimento, poeira de sótão e material particulado atmosférico fino (PM2,5) foram avaliados para mutagenicidade por meio do ensaio Salmonella/microssoma. Cobre (Cu), cromo (Cr), arsênio (As) e pentaclorofenol (PCP) foram quantificados em amostras de poeira do sótão. Os 16 Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos (HPAs) prioritários foram avaliados nos extratos de PM2,5 e poeira do sótão. Crianças residentes no entorno da usina e na área de referência foram avaliadas quanto à presença de micronúcleos em amostras de sangue e mucosa oral, e danos primários no DNA, pelo ensaio cometa em linfócitos de sangue periférico. De acordo com a análise de metais, as residências perto da entrada da usina foram as mais afetadas. PCP foi identificado em amostras de poeira de sótão (0,49 mg/kg) e a concentração total de HPAs nesta matriz variou 0,40-13,31 mg/g, com maior dispersão. Todas as amostras de poeira do sótão em que a concentração total de HPAs estava acima de 2μg/g apresentaram resposta positiva para a atividade mutagênica. A contribuição dos HPAs para a mutagênese na poeira de sótão representou 10%, indicando que outros compostos podem contribuir para o efeito mutagênico. A atividade mutagênica e a concentração de HPAs nas amostras de PM2,5foram, de maneira geral, mais elevadas na área de risco, embora em alguns períodos de amostragem a área de referência atingiu valores semelhantes ou mesmo superiores. O efeito mutagênico e as concentrações de HPAs observados nas amostras de PM2,5 foram semelhantes aos valores encontrados em estudos que avaliaram áreas urbanas e com influência industrial. Extratos orgânicos de água de abastecimento não apresentaram mutagenicidade. As frequências de MN em linfócitos de sangue periférico e de células binucleadas na mucosa oral foram significativamente maiores no grupo de risco. Nos demais biomarcadores avaliados não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos. O conjunto de resultados indica a necessidade de novas avaliações utilizando grupo de referência menos suscetível às influências da área contaminada. O conjunto de dados coletados neste estudo indica a necessidade de uma avaliação mais cuidadosa dos biomarcadores individualmente e de um grupo de referência menos suscetível a influências da área contaminada. Apesar da ausência de diferenças significativas entre os grupos de risco e de referência em biomarcadores de danos no DNA avaliados em crianças, os resultados observados nas amostras de poeira de sótão e PM2,5 sugerem que a população esteve ou ainda está potencialmente exposta a substâncias capazes de causar efeitos adversos à saúde humana.
The mutagenic activity and the concentration of PAHs in PM2.5 samples were generally higher in the risk area, although in some periods the reference area has reached similar or even higher values. The mutagenic effect and the concentrations of PAHs recorded in the PM2.5 samples were similar to those found in studies that assessed areas of intense urban occupation and industrial influence. Organic extracts from supply water showed no mutagenicity. The MN frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes and binucleated cells of the oral mucosa were significantly higher in the risk group. No significant differences between children from the reference and risk area were observed in others genetic biomarkers assessed. The result set indicates the need for further evaluations using reference group less susceptible to the influences of the contaminated area. The set of data collected in this study indicates the need for a more cautious assessment of biomarkers individually, and a reference group less susceptible to influences from the contaminated area is necessary. Despite the absence of significant differences between the risk and reference groups in biomarkers of DNA damage assessed in children, the results in attic and PM2.5 samples suggest that the population was or is still potentially exposed to substances with strong negatives effects on human health.
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Gallet, Patrice. "Cancérogenèse de l'adénocarcinome des fosses nasales : analyse génomique et transcriptionnelle de cellules de la fente olfactive prélevées par méthode non invasive." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2019_0354_GALLET.pdf.

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Introduction et objectifs : Les travailleurs du bois sont exposés au risque de développer des adénocarcinomes dans une localisation spécifique : la fente olfactive. Les mécanismes de cancérogenèse de ces tumeurs rares sont mal connus et l’efficacité du dépistage actuel n’est pas démontrée. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient : 1/établir le lien entre le sous-type histologique d’adénocarcinome intestinal et l’exposition aux poussières de bois, 2/explorer les différentes raisons possibles à une telle localisation 3/confirmer ou infirmer les mécanismes supposés de la cancérogenèse (séquence métaplasie/cancer, rôle de CDX2, modifications génétiques et épigénétiques retrouvées pour d’autres modèles de cancérogenèse proches) et 4/développer une nouvelle approche non invasive pour le dépistage. Résultats : Nous avons d’abord étudié le lien spécifique entre le sous-type intestinal et l’exposition aux poussières de bois, puis nous avons montré sur modèle expérimental que le reste des fosses nasales est autant exposé aux poussières que la fente olfactive, même s’il reste possible que la clairance des poussières soit inférieure à ce niveau. L’hypothèse d’un mécanisme de reprogrammation oncogénique semble plus probable en raison de l’origine embryologique spécifique des tissus de la fente olfactive mais aussi des anomalies observées. Notre étude objective des variations d’expression de gènes qui pourraient participer à la dédifférenciation-redifférenciation de l’épithélium originel (CDX2, OCT3, FOXA1, FOXA2, SOX2, SOX9, SATB2, et certains gènes HOX). CACNA1C pourrait aussi jouer un rôle important dans la cancérogenèse. La séquence métaplasie/cancer pourrait s’intégrer dans cette reprogrammation : l’acquisition en situation ectopique de l’expression de CDX2 semble clef pour l’acquisition du phénotype intestinal. Cette acquisition n’est pas liée à la déméthylation de son promoteur. Grâce à une technique de brossage non invasive, bien acceptée et peu douloureuse, il a été possible d'identifier des modifications transcriptomiques et de méthylations cohérentes avec les profils phénotypiques et l'histoire naturelle des ITACs. Le prédicteur a permis d’identifier les individus porteurs d’un adénocarcinome avec une très bonne sensibilité et une très bonne spécificité. Conclusion : Nos résultats ouvrent la voie à une méthode de dépistage simple et non invasive pour les menuisiers et permettent un éclairage différent des mécanismes de cancérogenèse
Introduction and objectives : The relationship between wood dust exposure and nasal cancer is well estbalished, but the reasons why these tumours specifically arise from the olfactory cleft and the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenesis are poorly understood. Screening is currently based on the visualization of a tumour in nasofibroscopy and the effectiveness of this screening is not proven. The objectives of this work were: 1/ to establish the link between the intestinal subtype (intestinal type adenocarcinoma, ITAC) and wood dust exposure, 2/ to explore the different reasons for such a location (study of wood dust distribution and clearance in nasal cavity and of olfactory cleft embryological origin) 3/ to confirm or refute the supposed mechanisms of carcinogenesis (metaplasia / cancer sequence, role of CDX2, genetic and epigenetic modifications usually implicated in other similar carcinogenesis models) and 4/ to develop a new non-invasive approach for screening. Results: We first studied the specific link between ITACs and wood dust exposure. Then we demonstrated on an experimental model that the olfactory cleft does not seem to be more exposed to wood dust than the rest of the nasal cavity. Wood dust might stay longer in the olfactory cleft but based on our results we hypothesized that cancerogenesis might be rather due to oncogenic reprogramming, which is possible because of olfactory cleft embryological origin. The metaplasia/cancer sequence seems plausible. The ectopic acquisition of CDX2 expression seems to be a key point in the subsequent transformation to an intestinal phenotype tumor, but CDX2 activation is not related to its promoter demethylation. Our study highlighted gene expression variations that could be part of a dedifferentiation/redifferentiation process (CDX2, OCT3, FOXA1, FOXA2, SOX2, SOX9, SATB2, and some HOX genes). With an integrated approach, we also highlighted a potential implication of CACNA1C in carcinogenesis. Thanks to a non-invasive, well-accepted and painless brushing technique, it was possible to identify transcriptomic and methylation changes which were consistent with ITACs phenotypic profiles and natural history. The predictor identified patients with adenocarcinoma with a very good sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: Our results pave the way for a simple, non-invasive screening method for woodworkers and for a better understanding of carcinogenesis mechanisms
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Brown, David McAllister. "The mechanisms of wool dust-mediated inflammation and leukocyte activation in the rat lung." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20259.

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The purpose of this study was to try to explain, using a rat model, the symptoms of bronchitis reported by some members of the workforce in wool textile mills in the north of England and in grain handlers. Inflammation was evident in rats following intratracheal instillation of dust collected from the air of wool mills and grain dusts. The inflammation could arise from at least four possible pathways and so we investigated each of these. 1) Direct toxicity towards airspace epithelial cells or alveolar macrophages. We demonstrated that there was no significant toxicity of wool or grain dust toward either cells of a human alveolar epithelial cell line (A549), or rat alveolar macrophages. 2) Activation of adhesion molecules on leukocytes. A constant finding in the lungs from wool and grain-treated animals was aggregates of mononuclear cells which were almost entirely macrophages. We hypothesised that prolonged up-regulation of adhesion molecules could account for aggregate formation, which may be mediated through the action of bacterial endotoxin present on the dusts, and which could enhance inflammation. We demonstrated that macrophage aggregation could be produced in vitro after stimulation, and that antagonists of adhesion molecule activation pathways abolished the formation of aggregates. 3) Secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by dust-exposed alveolar macrophages. Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) was secreted by alveolar macrophages after treatment with wool and grain dusts in vitro. Additionally, bacterial endotoxin which we detected on the dusts and which was present in leachates of dust, was shown to play an important role. Depletion of endotoxin in dust leachates resulted in substantially less TNF being released. 4) Immune responses to organic and antigens in the wool dust.
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Books on the topic "Wood dust"

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IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Wood dust and formaldehyde. Lyon: World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1995.

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Woodshop dust control. Newtown, CT: Taunton Press, 1996.

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Publishing, Fox Chapel. Tool smarts: Workshop dust control. Petersburg, PA: Fox Chapel Pub., 2010.

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Publishing, Fox Chapel, ed. Tool smarts: Workshop dust control. Petersburg, PA: Fox Chapel Pub., 2010.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2.

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Demers, Paul A. Cancer risk from occupational exposure to wood dust: A pooled analysis of epidemiological studies. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 1998.

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Pfeiffer, H. N. Dustfall and snow sampling survey in the vicinity of James River-Marathon Ltd., Marathon, 1988. [Toronto]: Technical Support Section, Northwestern Region, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1989.

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Tinkler, J. J. B. Carcinogenic hazard of wood dusts. London: HMSO, 1986.

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Ontario. Ministry of Labour. Special Studies and Services Branch. Health Effects of Exposure to Wood Dusts. S.l: s.n, 1986.

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International Agency for Research on Cancer and World Health Organization, eds. Household use of solid fuels and high-temperature frying. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wood dust"

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Imbus, Harold R., and Gregg M. Stave. "WOOD DUST." In Physical and Biological Hazards of the Workplace, 563–67. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119276531.ch34.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "Dust and Chip Collection." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 27–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_3.

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Vandličková, Miroslava, and Iveta Marková. "Ignition of Wood Dust of African Padauk (Pterocarpus Soyauxii)." In Wood & Fire Safety, 58–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41235-7_9.

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Sneha, C., and Minnu Tomy. "Yield Evaluation of Oyster Mushroom on Dust Waste of Some Common Timber Species." In Wood is Good, 391–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3115-1_36.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "Physical Properties of Dust and Chips." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_1.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "Behavior of Dust and Chips in Bulk." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 17–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_2.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "System Optimization." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 117–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_8.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "Separation of Particles from the Airflow." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 59–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_5.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "Pneumatic Conveying." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 37–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_4.

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Magoss, Endre, György Sitkei, and Zoltán Kocsis. "Auxiliary Equipments." In Dust Extraction and Handling in the Wood Industry, 83–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08915-2_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wood dust"

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Mandryk, J., K. Alwis, and A. Hocking. "264. Occupational Exposure to Wood Dust." In AIHce 1999. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763110.

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Dong, Y., A. Bouali, N. Mechbal, L. Bleron, and T. Raharijaona. "Towards wood dust collection during robotic grooving." In 2022 10th International Conference on Systems and Control (ICSC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsc57768.2022.9993943.

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Sun, Duo, Yong Yan, Robert M. Carter, Lingjun Gao, Xiangchen Qian, and Gang Lu. "On-line automatic detection of wood pellets in pneumatically conveyed wood dust flow." In THE 2013 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2013 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4872088.

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Dunham, M., and A. Wickman. "417. Control of Wood Dust Exposures During Manual Sanding." In AIHce 2002. AIHA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2766365.

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Perrault, G., Y. Cloutier, and D. Drolet. "427. Comparisons of Total and Inhalable Samples of Wood Dust." In AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765110.

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Harper, M. "365. Determining Extra-Thoracic Particle Size Distributions Of Wood Dust Samples." In AIHce 2002. AIHA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2766307.

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Chamba, Paulino, Roslynn Baatjies, and Mohamed Jeebhay. "P-178 Exposure-response relationships for wood dust exposure and work-related asthma in Mozambiquan wood processing workers." In 28th International Symposium on Epidemiology in Occupational Health (EPICOH 2021). BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2021-epi.221.

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Rando, R., H. Poovey, D. Mokadam, and H. Glindmeyer. "250. Performance of the Respicon for Size-Selective Sampling of Wood Dust." In AIHce 2000. AIHA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2763588.

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Chuwang, Su, Qin Jiesheng, Tang Xianming, Li Ting, and Huang Jing-da. "Improved design of dust remover system in wood-based panel sanding section." In 2013 International Conference of Information Technology and Industrial Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/itie131302.

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Basinas, Ioannis, Tuula Liukkonen, Torben Sigsgaard, Nils T. Andersen, Jesper M. Vestergaard, Karen Galea, Ruth Wiggans, et al. "P096 Statistical modelling and development of a quantitative job exposure matrix for wood dust in the wood manufacturing industry." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.417.

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Reports on the topic "Wood dust"

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NIOSH hazard controls HC5 - control of wood dust from shapers. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96122.

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Worker killed in wood-dust fire sparked by faulty fuse. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface03or021.

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NIOSH hazard controls HC6 - control of wood dust from automated routers. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96123.

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NIOSH hazard controls HC10 - control of wood dust from table saws. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96127.

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NIOSH hazard controls HC4 - control of wood dust from horizontal belt sanders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96121.

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NIOSH hazard controls HC9 - control of wood dust from orbital hand sanders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96126.

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NIOSH hazard controls HC7 - control of wood dust from large diameter disc sanders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96124.

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NIOSH hazard controls HC8 - control of wood dust from random orbital hand sanders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96125.

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Noise Absorption Behavior of Aluminum Honeycomb Composite. SAE International, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-28-0453.

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Natural fibers are one of the major ways to improve environmental pollution. In this study experimental investigation and simulation of honeycomb filled with cotton fabric, wood dust and polyurethane were carried out. This study determines the potential use of cotton fabric, wood dust as good sound absorbers. Automotive industries are looking forward to materials that have good acoustic properties, lightweight, strong and economical. This study provides a better understanding of sound-absorbing material with other mechanical properties. With simulation and experimental results, validation of works provides a wider industrial application for the interior of automotive industries including marine, aviation, railway industry and many more.
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Sawmill worker killed while unplugging wood chips from a chipper duct. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface98ia075.

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