Journal articles: 'Women travelers Great Britain'

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Hammond, Valerie. "Working Women Abroad — Great Britain." Equal Opportunities International 5, no. 1 (January 1986): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb010440.

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Ritchie, J. M. "WOMEN IN EXILE IN GREAT BRITAIN." German Life and Letters 47, no. 1 (January 1994): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0483.1994.tb01521.x.

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Kotzin, Joshua. "Transatlantic Women: Nineteenth-Century American Women Writers and Great Britain." Edith Wharton Review 32, no. 1-2 (November 1, 2016): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/editwharrevi.32.1-2.97.

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Lonergan, Gwyneth. "Reproductive Justice and Migrant Women in Great Britain." Women: A Cultural Review 23, no. 1 (March 2012): 26–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09574042.2012.644490.

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Wright, Robert E., John F. Ermisch, P. R. Andrew Hinde, and Heather E. Joshi. "The third birth in Great Britain." Journal of Biosocial Science 20, no. 4 (October 1988): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017612.

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SummaryThe relationship between female labour force participation, and other socioeconomic factors, and the probability of having a third birth is examined, using British data collected in the 1980 Women and Employment Survey, by hazard regression modelling with time-varying covariates. The results demonstrate the strong association between demographic factors, e.g. age at first birth and birth interval and subsequent fertility behaviour. Education appears to have little effect. Surprisingly, women who have spent a higher proportion of time as housewives have a lower risk of having a third birth. This finding is in sharp disagreement with the conventional expectation that cumulative labour force participation supports lower fertility. These findings are briefly compared with similar research carried out in Sweden.

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Miziniak, Helena. "Polish Community in Great Britain." Studia Polonijne 43, Specjalny (December 20, 2022): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/sp2243.5s.

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The article presents the activity of Poles in Great Britain in the 20th century, beginning with the end of World War II, when a large group of Polish refugees and veterans settled in the UK. In 1947, the Federation of Poles was established to represent Polish community in Great Britain. The Association of Polish Women (1946) and the Relief Society for Poles (1946) were also formed at the same time. The article shows the involvement of the Polish community in Great Britain in the context of Polish history. This involvement included the organisation of anti-communist protests, carrying out various actions to inform people about the situation in Poland, organising material aid, supporting Poland at the time of the system transformation, and supporting Poland’s accession to the European Union. Over the decades, the Polish community in Great Britain has managed to set up numerous veterans’ and social organisations, Polish schools, it also built churches in order to preserve Polish culture abroad.

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Shkunov, V. N. "AFGHANISTAN IN THE SPHERE OF TRADE INTERESTS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. History Sciences 3, no. 3 (2021): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2658-4816-2021-3-3-98-103.

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The article is devoted to the problems of trade and economic rivalry between the Russian Empire and Great Britain in the first half of the XIX century, when the two powers were looking for adequate methods and forms of protecting their interests in Central Asia and Afghanistan. The author pays special attention to the problems of economic development and foreign trade of Afghanistan in the period under review. He examines the main objects of export and import, trade volumes, channels for the sale of goods, ethnic and confessional characteristics of merchants who participated in trade with Kabul. The role of the diplomatic service of Russia and Great Britain, travelers, scouts, merchants in collecting the necessary information about the situation in the Middle East is noted. The author focuses on the role and importance of the Central Asian khanates and merchants in promoting Russian goods to Afghanistan. The regional peculiarities of the organization of foreign trade are noted (by the example of Baloch).

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Edwards, S. "Pregnancy and Abortion Increased Among Single Women in Great Britain." Family Planning Perspectives 24, no. 2 (March 1992): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2135475.

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Valdés, Juan Núñez. "WOMEN IN THE EARLY DAYS OF PHARMACY IN GREAT BRITAIN." International Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research And Studies 04, no. 12 (October 1, 2018): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33826/ijmras/v04i12.1.1.

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This paper deals with the beginnings and historical evolution of Pharmacy studies in Great Britain and on the role played by the first women who practiced the profession there, The circumstances of that time, which made very difficult for a woman to work in that area, the biography of the first English woman licensed in Pharmacy, Fanny Deacon, and the biographies of the women who followed her as graduates in Pharmacy in Great Britain are commented, detailing not only their personal data but also the impact they had on the evolution and development of Pharmacy studies in their country. These women were Alice Vickery, Isabella Skinner Clarke, Margaret Elizabeth Buchanan, Rose Coombes Minshull and Agnes Thompson Borrowman.The main objective of the paper is to reveal the figures of these first women in Pharmacy in Great Britain to society, To do this, the methodology used has been the usual in researches of this type: search of data on these women in bibliographical and computer sources, as well as in historic archives. As the main results, the biographies of these pioneers pharmacist women mentioned above have been elaborated

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Valdés, Juan Núñez Valdés. "International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Studies 04, no. 12 (December 24, 2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33826/ijmras/v04i12.1.

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This paper deals with the beginnings and historical evolution of Pharmacy studies in Great Britain and on the role played by the first women who practiced the profession there, The circumstances of that time, which made it very difficult for a woman to work in that area, the biography of the first English woman licensed in Pharmacy, Fanny Deacon, and the biographies of the women who followed her as graduates in Pharmacy in Great Britain are commented, detailing not only their personal data but also the impact they had on the evolution and development of Pharmacy studies in their country. These women were Alice Vickery, Isabella Skinner Clarke, Margaret Elizabeth Buchanan, Rose Coombes Minshull, and Agnes Thompson Borrowman. The main objective of the paper is to reveal the figures of these first women in Pharmacy in Great Britain to society, To do this, the methodology used has been usual in researches of this type: search of data on these women in bibliographical and computer sources, as well as in historic archives. As the main results, the biographies of these pioneers pharmacist women mentioned above have been elaborated.

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11

Small, H. "DEVONEY LOOSER. Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1750-1850." Review of English Studies 61, no. 248 (October 25, 2009): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgp105.

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Marlow, Christine. "Women, children and employment: responses by the United States and Great Britain." International Social Work 34, no. 3 (July 1991): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002087289103400305.

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Hale, Robert C. "Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1750-1850. Devoney Looser." Wordsworth Circle 41, no. 4 (September 2010): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/twc24043669.

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Ditz, Toby L. "Domesticating Women: The Gendering of Politics in Great Britain and Anglo-America." Reviews in American History 40, no. 3 (2012): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2012.0054.

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Appeltová, Michaela. "Women’s Agency, Catholic Morality, and the Irish State." Radical History Review 2022, no. 143 (May 1, 2022): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-9566244.

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Abstract The text reviews four new books in Irish women’s history and the history of sexuality: Mary McAuliffe’s biography of the revolutionary Margaret Skinnider; Jennifer Redmond’s Moving Histories, exploring the discourses about Irish women migrants to Great Britain in the first few decades of the Irish state, and their everyday lives in Britain; Lindsey Earner-Byrne and Diane Urquhart’s The Irish Abortion Journey, which documents the repressive discourses and policies surrounding abortion in twentieth-century Ireland and relates stories of traveling to Great Britain to obtain it; and finally, Sonja Tiernan’s book examining the ultimately successful political and legal campaign for marriage equality in Ireland. These highly readable, well-researched books place gender and sexuality at the center of Irish history; provide insight into the contradictory political, religious, and medical discourses about Irish women, gays, and lesbians; and document the lives of women both in and out of Ireland.

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Jordan, Ellen. "The Exclusion of Women From Industry in Nineteenth-Century Britain." Comparative Studies in Society and History 31, no. 2 (April 1989): 273–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500015826.

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In 1868, a clergymen told the annual congress of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science that “he had long lived in the town of Liverpool, and had been placed in circumstances there which made him frequently regret that there were no places in which women could find employment. The great want was of employment for every class of women, not only for the higher class, but for those placed in humbler circumstances.” At earlier conferences, however, a number of speakers described the abundant opportunities for female employment in other Lancashire towns. Census figures make it clear that the reason lay in the different industrial bases of these towns.

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Hunt, Cathy. "Tea and Sympathy: A Study of Diversity among Women Activists in the National Federation of Women Workers in Coventry, England, 1907–14." International Labor and Working-Class History 72, no. 1 (2007): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547907000609.

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AbstractThis article considers the ways in which three local activists sought to inspire women workers to become active and loyal trade unionists at the start of the twentieth century, at a time when the great majority of female workers in Britain was unorganized. It employs evidence of tactics used by organizers of the all-female trade union, the National Federation of Women Workers in Coventry, in the industrial West Midlands of Britain in the years before the First World War. This in turn encourages consideration of the extent to which the aims and policies advocated by the Federation's national leadership suited the economic and social characteristics in the regions of Britain. It offers an opportunity to look beyond the dominant and charismatic personalities who shaped and dominated the union's national headquarters and instead considers the successes and failures of local women who attempted to establish a regional branch of the Federation.

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Kravchuk, I. "EDUCATION OF WOMEN IN TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGES IN GREAT BRITAIN IN 1840–1960." Pedagogy of the formation of a creative person in higher and secondary schools 2, no. 76 (2021): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32840/1992-5786.2021.76-2.2.

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Bignami, Marialuisa. "Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1730–1850 by Devoney Looser." Modern Language Review 105, no. 2 (2010): 536–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2010.0282.

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Schoemaker, Minouk J., Anthony J. Swerdlow, Craig D. Higgins, Alan F. Wright, and Patricia A. Jacobs. "Mortality in Women with Turner Syndrome in Great Britain: A National Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 93, no. 12 (December 2008): 4735–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-1049.

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Roxanne Eberle. "Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1750–1850 (review)." Partial Answers: Journal of Literature and the History of Ideas 8, no. 2 (2010): 414–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pan.0.0182.

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Gonda, Caroline. "Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1750-1850 (review)." Eighteenth Century Fiction 22, no. 4 (2010): 724–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ecf.0.0153.

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Staves, Susan. "Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1750–1850 by Devoney Looser." Studies in Romanticism 50, no. 1 (2011): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/srm.2011.0041.

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Latimer, Bonnie. "Women Writers and Old Age in Great Britain, 1750-1850 - By Devoney Looser." Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies 35, no. 3 (August 5, 2012): 428–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-0208.2010.00333.x.

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Grigor’eva, Nataliya S., and Anastasiya A. Zhokhova. "WOMEN IN THE BRITISH POLITICAL PROCESS IN CONTEMPORARY TIMES. A ROLE ANALYSIS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies, no. 1 (2022): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6401-2022-1-393-403.

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The practice and theory of the political process show that the specific of the behavior of men and women in politics is different. Coupled with gender stereotypes, that causes a difference in the portrayals and images of political leaders of different genders. The study of the peculiarities of women’s leadership in the formation of political elites is complicated by several theoretical issues related to the influence of gender stereotypes on it, including the role behavior. However, the influence of such stereotypes on the perception of female leadership does not mean that female political representation “automatically” leads to the humanization of the political process and contributes to the softness in the work of political institutions. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of the political courses of prominent women leaders in Great Britain of the 20th– 21st centuries shows that the real political courses of women leaders have little in common with the gender stereotypes that were attributed to them, what did not prevent them from being widely recognized as decisive leaders in their positions. More than 100 years of experience of women’s presence in the British politics allows us to highlight the common and special in their activities. Using the algorithm of SWOT-analysis of the successful growth and self-realization of the personality of iconic female politicians of Great Britain, the authors trace the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats for female leadership in the political process of Great Britain in the 20th–21st centuries.

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Karužaitė, Daiva. "Higher Education Changes in Great Britain in XX–XXI centuries." Pedagogika 117, no. 1 (March 5, 2015): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2015.064.

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The article reveals development and essential changes of higher education in Great Britain in XX–XXI centuries. During last century Great Britain higher education system has changed dramatically – from elite higher education in the beginning of XX century, which was available for very small part of society, to mass higher education with variety of institutions and education programs. Nowadays there is almost half of Great Britain population (of certain age group) obtaining higher education certificate or diploma. The junction of XX and XXI centuries was signed with significant shift in the gender structure of higher education students: more women obtained fist university degree than men. Ten years later the same was recorded in higher degrees. The intense change of Great Britain higher education from elite to mass inevitably influenced the higher education finance sector. Great Britain used to cover all expenses of higher education from the budget. However, the financial crises occurred in the last decade of XX century, and the government was forced to seek for new financing models of higher education. First time in Great Britain higher education history the tuition fee was introduced. Striving to ensure the higher education accessibility for all social groups in Great Britain, the tuition fees were complemented with the grants and loans with special repayment (or without) conditions. Nevertheless, the financial reform, started in 1998, already was changed several times and has raised lots of critics. Along with the financial reform Great Britain deals with the higher education quality issues. There was no essential discussions about higher education quality in the beginning of the XX century as it was elite higher education. Moving to the mass higher education with variety of institutions and dramatically growing student number, the quality question becomes relevant. Despite the owning the largest number of worldwide level elite universities in Europe, Great Britain seeks to ensure the quality in all higher education institutions in the country. Therefore the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education was established. The Agency puts students and the public interest at the center of everything they do. Great Britain higher education quality policy is implemented basing on the Quality Code for Higher Education.

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Zaletok, N. "Service and Life of British and Soviet Women in the Navy during World War II." Problems of World History, no. 14 (June 10, 2021): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2021-14-3.

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Comparative studies on the experiences of female representatives of different countries in WWII remain relevant today. They not only deepen our understanding of the life of women at war, but also allow us to explore the power regimes of different states at one stage or another. After all, the government organized the activities of various groups of the population aimed at winning the war. Women were no exception in this respect, regardless of whether they worked in the rear or defended their homeland with weapons in hand. For centuries, the navy for the most part represented a purely masculine environment, and the presence of a woman on a ship was considered a bad omen. However, the scale of hostilities during the world wars and, as a consequence, the need for a constant supply of personnel to the armed forces made their adjustments – states began to gradually recruit women to serve in the navy. The article compares the experiences of Great Britain and the USSR in attracting women to serve in the navy during WWII. The countries were chosen not by chance, as they represent democracy and totalitarianism, respectively, and studying their practice of involving women in the navy can deepen our knowledge of these regimes. After analysing the experience of women’s service in the navy in 1939-1945, the author concludes that their recruitment to the navy in Great Britain took place through a special organization – the Women’s Royal Naval Service (WRNS). Its personnel were trained mostly separately from men and then sent to military units of the navy. The USSR did not create separate women's organizations for this purpose; women served in the same bodies as men. The main purpose of mobilizing women to the navy in both the USSR and Great Britain was initially to replace men in positions on land to release the latter for service at sea. However, in both countries there were cases when women also served at sea. The range of positions available to them in the navy expanded during the war, and in the USSR reached its apogee in the form of admission of women to combat positions. In Great Britain, women in the navy did not officially perform combat roles, and there was a ban on them from using lethal weapons.

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Murphy, M. "Sterilisation as a Method of Contraception: Recent Trends in Great Britain and their Implications." Journal of Biosocial Science 27, no. 1 (January 1995): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000006982.

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SummaryData on patterns and trends in sterilisation in Britain among women, men and couples are presented using life table approaches with data from a national survey, the General Household Survey. Among couples under age 50, sterilisation is the main method of contraception used, with slightly more women than men being sterilised, although this is reversed if only contraceptive sterilisation is considered. Trends in contraception have remained relatively constant in recent decades. Patterns of sterilisation differ following births of different orders. For example, the resort to sterilisation is much quicker after a third birth than after a second. The proportions of men and women who have been sterilised and then formed a subsequent partnership are very small, so the effect of sterilisation in preventing births in such unions is negligible.

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Rees, Anne. "“A Season in Hell”." Pacific Historical Review 86, no. 4 (November 1, 2017): 632–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2017.86.4.632.

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Australian women travelers in early twentieth-century New York often recoiled from the frenetic pace of the city, which surpassed anything encountered in either Britain or Australia. This article employs their travel accounts to lend support to the growing recognition that modernity took different forms throughout the world and to contribute to the project of mapping those differences. I argue that “hustle” was a defining feature of the New York modern, comparatively little evident in Australia, and I propose that the southern continent had developed a model of modern life that privileged pleasure-seeking above productivity. At a deeper level, this line of thinking suggests that modernization should not be conflated with the relentless acceleration of daily life; it thus complicates the ingrained assumption that speed and modernity go hand-in-hand.

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Tyrrell, Alex. "Samuel Smiles and the Woman Question in Early Victorian Britain." Journal of British Studies 39, no. 2 (April 2000): 185–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386216.

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When Samuel Smiles (1812–1904) looked back over his career from the vantage point of old age he saw himself as one who had labored for “the emancipation and intellectual improvement of women.” His self-description will surprise those who know him, either through his famous book, Self-Help (1859), where women make fleeting appearances as maternal influences on the achievements of great men, or through the attempts that have been made during the Thatcher years to offer him as an exemplar of a highly selective code of “Victorian Values.” Nonetheless, there is much to be said for Smiles's interpretation: not only was he a prolific author on the condition of women, but his writings on this subject from the late 1830s to the early 1850s were radical in tone and content.By directing attention to these writings, this article makes three points about early Victorian gender relations, radicalism, and Smiles's own career. First, it challenges the lingering notion that this was a time when patriarchal values stifled debate on gender issues. For some historians who write about the women's movement, the early Victorian era has the status of something like a dark age in the history of the agitation for women's rights; this period is overshadowed on the one side by the great debates initiated by Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) and on the other by the new feminist movements that developed after the 1850s. Barbara Caine, for example, has written recently that the exclusion of women from the public sphere was “absolute” in the mid-century years; few women had the financial resources necessary to set up a major journal even if they had been bold enough to do so, and the sort of man who wrote sympathetically about women was concerned primarily with his own needs.

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Wilkes, Fiona A., Harith Akram, Jonathan A. Hyam, Neil D. Kitchen, Marwan I. Hariz, and Ludvic Zrinzo. "Publication productivity of neurosurgeons in Great Britain and Ireland." Journal of Neurosurgery 122, no. 4 (April 2015): 948–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.11.jns14856.

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OBJECT Bibliometrics are the methods used to quantitatively analyze scientific literature. In this study, bibliometrics were used to quantify the scientific output of neurosurgical departments throughout Great Britain and Ireland. METHODS A list of neurosurgical departments was obtained from the Society of British Neurological Surgeons website. Individual departments were contacted for an up-to-date list of consultant (attending) neurosurgeons practicing in these departments. Scopus was used to determine the h-index and m-quotient for each neurosurgeon. Indices were measured by surgeon and by departmental mean and total. Additional information was collected about the surgeon's sex, title, listed superspecialties, higher research degrees, and year of medical qualification. RESULTS Data were analyzed for 315 neurosurgeons (25 female). The median h-index and m-quotient were 6.00 and 0.41, respectively. These were significantly higher for professors (h-index 21.50; m-quotient 0.71) and for those with an additional MD or PhD (11.0; 0.57). There was no significant difference in h-index, m-quotient, or higher research degrees between the sexes. However, none of the 16 British neurosurgery professors were female. Neurosurgeons who specialized in functional/epilepsy surgery ranked highest in terms of publication productivity. The 5 top-scoring departments were those in Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge; St. George's Hospital, London; Great Ormond Street Hospital, London; National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London; and John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford. CONCLUSIONS The h-index is a useful bibliometric marker, particularly when comparing between studies and individuals. The m-quotient reduces bias toward established researchers. British academic neurosurgeons face considerable challenges, and women remain underrepresented in both clinical and academic neurosurgery in Britain and Ireland.

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Tassell, G. Lane. "PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN NATIONAL PARTY CONVENTIONS IN UNITED STATES, GREAT BRITAIN, AND CANADA." GPSA Journal: The Georgia Political Science Association 8, no. 1 (November 12, 2008): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.1980.tb00864.x.

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Schoemaker, Minouk J., Anthony J. Swerdlow, Craig D. Higgins, Alan F. Wright, and Patricia A. Jacobs. "Cancer incidence in women with Turner syndrome in Great Britain: a national cohort study." Lancet Oncology 9, no. 3 (March 2008): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(08)70033-0.

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Bland, Lucy. "White Women and Men of Colour: Miscegenation Fears in Britain after the Great War." Gender History 17, no. 1 (April 2005): 29–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0953-5233.2005.00371.x.

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Lewis, Donald M. "‘Lights in Dark Places’: Women Evangelists in Early Victorian Britain, 1838-1857." Studies in Church History 27 (1990): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400012213.

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Twenty years ago, Olive Anderson called for more detailed study of how the role of women changed in the nineteenth century, pointing out that only such careful investigations ‘can show how far the conventional stress upon feminism has been well judged’. She noted the contemporary strength of the churches as ‘the great arbiters of public attitudes toward social issues’ and argued that the beliefs and practices of popular religion (‘the religion of the unsophisticated laity in general’) were ‘full of change and diversity’.

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.Ergasheva, Yulduz A., and Zilola Safarovna Safarova. "GREAT AND BEAUTIFUL WOMAN OF THE EAST." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 4, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2021-3-1.

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This article analyzes the activities of two of the greatest women of the East, Tamara Khanum and Rosa Karimova, their life and work, heroic and selfless work during the Second World War. The article also highlights their difficult life path, provides information about how Tamara Khanum was called “Eastern Isadora Duncan”, how the Queen of Great Britain personally presented the outstanding artist with a high award for her contribution to art. And also, about Roziya Karimova – an Uzbek ballet dancer, choreographer, teacher, art critic, connoisseur and founder of the theory of Uzbek dance.

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Walczak, Urszula. "A Multifaceted Approach to the Feeling of Loneliness – The Phenomenon of Loneliness Among Polish Women in Great Great Britain." Zoon Politikon 10 (2019): 102–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543408xzop.19.006.11436.

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King, Mary C. "Black Women's Labor Market Status: Occupational Segregation in the United States and Great Britain." Review of Black Political Economy 24, no. 1 (June 1995): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02911826.

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An initial exploration of the comparative labor market situation of black women in the United States and Great Britain reveals that race and gender play similar roles in allocating people among broad occupations in both nations despite differences in historical circumstances. However, a closer examination based upon measures of occupational segregation shows that labor market dynamics are quite different. Public employment and education do not reduce racial segregation in Britain as they do in the United States, and the immigrant status of many black Britons does not explain these differences. Only youth is associated with reduced segregation in both countries.

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Waller, J., K. Osborne, and J. Wardle. "Enthusiasm for cancer screening in Great Britain: a general population survey." British Journal of Cancer 112, no. 3 (December 23, 2014): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.643.

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Abstract Background: With growing concerns about risk of harm from cancer screening, particularly from overdiagnosis, this study aimed to assess public attitudes to cancer screening in Great Britain. Methods: We used a population-based survey to assess attitudes to cancer screening, screening history and demographic characteristics, in men and women aged 50–80 years. Data were collected using face-to-face computer-assisted interviews in 2012. Results: In our sample of 2024, attitudes to cancer screening were overwhelmingly positive with almost 90% believing that screening is ‘almost always a good idea’ and 49% saying they would be tested for cancer even if it was untreatable. Attitudes were particularly positive among those who had previously taken part in breast or colorectal screening. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that attitudes to cancer screening are very positive in Great Britain. Widespread enthusiasm for cancer screening may hamper attempts to encourage a greater appreciation of the limitations and potential harms of screening.

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Cooper, R., J. Lucke, D. A. Lawlor, G. Mishra, J.-H. Chang, S. Ebrahim, D. Kuh, and A. Dobson. "Socioeconomic position and hysterectomy: a cross-cohort comparison of women in Australia and Great Britain." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 62, no. 12 (December 1, 2008): 1057–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2007.071001.

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Povall, Margery, and Monika Langkau‐Herrmann. "EQUAL OPPORTUNITY DEVELOPMENTS FOR WOMEN INLOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OFGERMANY AND GREAT BRITAIN." Equal Opportunities International 10, no. 2 (February 1991): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb010540.

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Skocpol, Theda, and Gretchen Ritter. "Gender and the Origins of Modern Social Policies in Britain and the United States." Studies in American Political Development 5, no. 1 (1991): 36–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x0000016x.

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Comparative research on the origins of modern welfare states typically asks why certain European nations, including Great Britain, enacted pensions and social insurance between the 1880s and the 1920s, while the United States “lagged behind,” that is did not establish such policies for the entire nation until the Social Security Act of 1935. To put the question this way overlooks the social policies that were distinctive to the early twentieth-century United States. During the period when major European nations, including Britain, were launching paternalist versions of the modern welfare state, the United States was tentatively experimenting with what might be called a maternalist welfare state. In Britain, male bureaucrats and party leaders designed policies “for the good” of male wage-workers and their dependents. Meanwhile, in the United States, early social policies were championed by elite and middle-class women “for the good” of less privileged women. Adult American women were helped as mothers, or as working women who deserved special protection because they were potential mothers.

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Zhou, Anli Yue, Melanie Carder, Matthew Gittins, and Raymond Agius. "Work-related ill health in doctors working in Great Britain: incidence rates and trends." British Journal of Psychiatry 211, no. 5 (November 2017): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.117.202929.

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BackgroundDoctors have a higher prevalence of mental ill health compared with other professional occupations but incidence rates are poorly studied.AimsTo determine incidence rates and trends of work-related ill health (WRIH) and work-related mental ill health (WRMIH) in doctors compared with other professions in Great Britain.MethodIncidence rates were calculated using an occupational physician reporting scheme from 2005–2010. Multilevel regression was use to study incidence rates from 2001 to 2014.ResultsAnnual incidence rates for WRIH and WRIMH in doctors were 515 and 431 per 100000 people employed, respectively. Higher incidence rates for WRIH and WRMIH were observed for ambulance staff and nurses, respectively. Doctors demonstrated an annual average incidence rates increase for WRIH and WRMIH, especially in women, whereas the other occupations demonstrated a decreasing or static trend. The difference in trends between the occupations was statistically significant.ConclusionsWRIH and WRMIH incidence rate are increasing in doctors, especially in women, warranting further research.

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Galletly, Sarah. "The Spectacular Traveling Woman." Transfers 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2017.070106.

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This article applies recent scholarship concerned with transatlantic mobility and print cultures to a comparative study of images of transpacific travel for women during the interwar period. During the 1920s and 1930s female travelers splashed spectacularly across the pages of mainstream, popular magazines produced in America, Britain, and the wider Anglophone world. Focusing on two magazines that launched in this era, The Australian Woman’s Mirror (1924– 1961) and Chatelaine (1928–), this article explores Australian and Canadian fi ctional portrayals of the traveling woman of the interwar years to examine the ways in which the mobility of the modern girl became a screen for anxieties and fantasies of these two national print imaginaries. By paying attention to the different portrayals of female mobility through the Pacific from both sides of the ocean, this article also considers the intersection between actual travel, ideas about travel, and notions of gendered social mobility.

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Fernández Rodríguez, Carmen María. "A Translemic Analysis of Maria Edgeworth’s "L’Absent ou La famille irlandaise à Londres" (1814)." Journal of English Studies 12 (December 20, 2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.2823.

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After the publication of "Castle Rackrent" (1800), Maria Edgeworth (1768-1849) became one of the most famous nineteenth-century women writers in Great Britain, and her oeuvre was quickly translated on the Continent. This article analyzes the French translation of Edgeworth’s Irish tale "The Absentee" (1812) within the framework of Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS). For that purpose, both the source and the target text will be contextualized following Itamar Even-Zohar’s ideas on the literary system which is understood as a network of relations between elements depending on each other. As will be shown, the text prepared for the French-speaking readers greatly departs from the original text published in Great Britain, a fact which should be considered by any research on Edgeworth’s reception in Europe.

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Iglesias Aparicio, Pilar. "Las Escuelas de Medicina de Mujeres de Nueva York y Londres. Estrategia de las pioneras para el acceso al estudio y práctica de la Medicina = New York and London Schools of Medicine for Women. A Pioneers Strategy to Access to the Study and Practice of Medicine." CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades 22, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cian.2019.4800.

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Resumen: Este artículo pretende aportar información sobre la creación de escuelas de medicina de mujeres, estrategia utilizada por éstas para lograr el acceso al estudio y ejercicio de la medicina oficial en Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña en el siglo XIX, ante las numerosas dificultades halladas para acceder a diferentes escuelas y facultades de distintas universidades. Dificultades coincidentes con las encontradas por las primeras mujeres que intentaron acceder a la universidad en otros países y que en España no se eliminaron, al menos formalmente, hasta 1910.Palabras clave: pioneras de la medicina moderna, primeras mujeres médicas, historia de la medicina, historia del movimiento de mujeres, siglo XIX, Estados Unidos, Gran Bretaña.Abstract: The aim of this article is to provide information about the schools of medicine for women, founded by the pioneers in the USA and Great Britain during the second half of the XIXth century, as a strategy to study and practice official medicine, due to the multiple difficulties they found to access to the schools and faculties of different universities. The same difficulties which were found by the first women who tried to access university in other countries and which were not eliminated in Spain, at least formally, until 1910.Keywords: modern medicine pioneer women, first women doctors, history of medicine, women movement history, XIXth century, United States, Great Britain.

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Eggers, Natascha de Andrade. "DISCOVERING ANCIENT EGYPT IN MODERNITY: THE CONTRIBUTION OF AN ANTIQUARIAN, GIOVANNI BELZONI (1816-1819)." Heródoto: Revista do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre a Antiguidade Clássica e suas Conexões Afro-asiáticas 1, no. 1 (April 13, 2016): 113–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31669/herodoto.v1i1.28.

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The main objective of this article is to allow a better understanding of the relationship between the British Empire and Ancient Egypt, and show the ways through which European countries – and particularly Great Britain – used the image of the Egyptian civilization to build a national identity and memory. Antiquarians who travelled to search for exotic antiquities had a very important role in this process because they left in their notes a record of their thoughts about the cultures of the places they visited and about the material culture they found there. These memories and reports circulated in Europe and were regarded as a source of knowledge, since they offered a version of the unknown “other” and reported the travelers’ interpretations of the past and present of foreign places. In this article I analyze the journal of one of these antiquarians, Giovanni Belzoni, in order to understand how his discourse may have corroborated the construction of a national identity, since he helped to form a large collection of Egyptian pieces of the British Museum, in England.

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Riphagen, F. E., and P. Lehert. "A survey of contraception in five West European countries." Journal of Biosocial Science 21, no. 1 (January 1989): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017703.

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SummaryIn 1984 and 1985, a survey was conducted of 7696 women aged 15–44 living in Italy, France, Great Britain, Spain and the Federal Republic of Germany. The aim of the study was to examine the use of contraceptive methods, the differences in contraceptive use, knowledge of fertility, communication about contraception, motives for choice and the perceptions held by women regarding contraceptive methods, particularly oral contraception. The results show important differences between the countries studied.

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Calvini-Lefebvre, Marc. ""Women! Your Country Needs You!": Fleeing Feminism or Gendering Citizenship in Great War Britain?" Minerva Journal of Women and War 2, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 26–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3172/min.2.2.26.

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Ruspini, Elisabetta. "Social Rights of Women with Children: Lone Mothers and Poverty in Italy, Germany and Great Britain." South European Society and Politics 4, no. 2 (June 1999): 89–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13608740408539572.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Women travelers Great Britain'

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