Journal articles: 'Women Social networks'

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Yuce, Serpil T., Nitin Agarwal, Rolf T. Wigand, Merlyna Lim, and Rebecca S. Robinson. "Bridging Women Rights Networks." Journal of Global Information Management 22, no. 4 (October 2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2014100101.

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In recent mass protests such as the Arab Spring and Occupy movements, protesters used social media to spread awareness, coordinate, and mobilize support. Social media-assisted collective action has attracted much attention from journalists, political observers, and researchers of various disciplines. In this article, the authors study transnational online collective action through the lens of inter-network cooperation. The authors analyze interaction and support between the women's rights networks of two online collective actions: ‘Women to Drive' (primarily Saudi Arabia) and ‘Sexual Harassment' (global). Methodologies used include: extracting each collective action's social network from blogs authored by female Muslim bloggers (23 countries), mapping interactions among network actors, and conducting sentiment analysis on observed interactions to provide a better understanding of inter-network support. The authors examine these two distinct but overlapped networks of collective actions and discover that brokering and bridging processes can facilitate the diffusion of information, coalition formation, and the expansion of the networks. The broader goal of the study is to examine the dynamics between interconnected collective actions. This research contributes to understanding the mobilization of social movements in digital activism and the role of cooperative networks in online collective action.

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Fudge, Heather, Anne Neufeld, and Margaret J. Harrison. "Social Networks of Women Caregivers." Public Health Nursing 14, no. 1 (February 1997): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.1997.tb00406.x.

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Kebede, Wassie. "Women, Social Networks, and HIV." Journal of Community Practice 20, no. 1-2 (January 2012): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2012.648077.

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Kebede, Wassie, and Alice K. Butterfield. "Social networks among poor women in Ethiopia." International Social Work 52, no. 3 (May 2009): 357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872808102069.

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English Social networks are social capital for poor women living in a slum neighborhood in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Based on neighborhood, friendship, kinship, gender and ethnic ties, informal networks provide social, emotional and financial support. Social network analysis is a promising method for community development and participatory social work in Africa. French Les réseaux sociaux représentent un capital social pour les femmes pauvres qui vivent dans les bidonvilles à Addis-Abeba, en Ethiopie. Basés sur des liens de voisinage, d’amitié, de parenté, de genre et de culture, les réseaux informels apportent un soutien social, affectif et financier. L’analyse du réseau social est une méthode prometteuse pour le développement communautaire et le travail social participatif en Afrique. Spanish Las redes sociales son de suma importancia para las mujeres pobres que viven en los barrios de pocos recursos de Addis Abeba, Etiopía. Basadas en barrios, amistades, relaciones, géneros y lazos étnicos, las redes informales proveen ayuda social, emocional y financiera. El análisis de las redes sociales es un método promisorio para el desarrollo de las comunidades y el trabajo social participativo en África.

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Duffy, Mary E. "Social Networks and Social Support of Recently Divorced Women." Public Health Nursing 10, no. 1 (March 1993): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.1993.tb00015.x.

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Vega Caro, Luisa, and Olga Buzón García. "PRESENCIA SOCIAL DE MUJERES DE ZONAS RURALES EN LAS REDES SOCIALES." Píxel-Bit, Revista de Medios y Educación, no. 48 (2016): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/pixelbit.2016.i48.10.

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Romans, S. E., V. A. Walton, G. P. Herbison, and P. E. Mullen. "Social Networks and Psychiatric Morbidity in New Zealand Women." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 26, no. 3 (September 1992): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679209072075.

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A random community survey of urban and rural New Zealand women revealed higher rates of psychiatric morbidity in subjects who reported poorer social support. Substantial differences in social networks were found between demographic subgroups. Rural women described better than expected social relationships, giving some support to the pastoral ideal of well integrated rural communities. Women in part-time employment also described better social networks. Elderly, low socio-economic, and widowed, separated and divorced women had poorer social relationships. It is suggested that normative values for social network measures for each demographic subgroup will need to be established before the clinical significance of deviations from the norm can be meaningfully evaluated. Also, the mechanisms linking social networks to health may vary in different subgroups.

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Groton, Danielle B., and Melissa Radey. "Social networks of unaccompanied women experiencing homelessness." Journal of Community Psychology 47, no. 1 (June 12, 2018): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22097.

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Hardesty, Jared Ross. "Social Networks and Social Worlds." Journal of Global Slavery 3, no. 3 (August 8, 2018): 234–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00303003.

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Abstract This essay argues that the “slave community” paradigm obfuscates alternative lived experiences for enslaved men and women, especially those living in the urban areas of the early modern Atlantic world, and uses eighteenth-century Boston as a case study. A bustling Atlantic port city where slaves comprised between ten and fifteen percent of the population, Boston provides an important counterpoint. Slaves were a minority of residents, lived in households with few other people of African descent, worked with laborers from across the socio-economic spectrum, and had near constant interaction with their masters. Moreover, slavery in Boston reached its zenith before the American Revolution, meaning older, pre-revolutionary and early modern notions of social order—hierarchy, deference, and dependence—structured their society and everyday lives. These factors imbricated enslaved Bostonians in the broader society. Boston’s slaves inhabited multiple “social worlds” where they fostered a rich tapestry of relations and forms of resistance.

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Greve, Arent, and Janet W. Salaff. "Social Networks and Entrepreneurship." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 28, no. 1 (January 2003): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.00029.

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We study network activities of entrepreneurs through three phases of establishing a firm in four countries. Entrepreneurs access people in their networks to discuss aspects of establishing and running a business. We find that entrepreneurs build networks that systematically vary by the phase of entrepreneurship, analyzing number of their discussion partners, and the time spent networking. Entrepreneurs talk with more people during the planning than other phases. Family members are present in their networks in all phases, particularly among those who took over an existing firm. However, women use their kin to a larger extent than men, and even more than men when they take over an existing firm. Experienced entrepreneurs have the same networking patterns as novices. Moreover, these networking patterns are the same in all countries. However, there are country differences in size of discussion networks and time spent networking.

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Goldbarg, Rosalyn Negrón, and Emma J. Brown. "Gender, Personal Networks, and Drug Use among Rural African Americans." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 30, no. 1 (March 30, 2010): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/iq.30.1.d.

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One of the main unifying concepts of research examining gender variations in drug use behavior is the social network. Yet, research specifically focusing on how the social networks of these groups differ by gender is limited. Few studies have investigated the social networks of rural African Americans who use drugs. In this study, we compared the personal networks of 20 rural African-American men and women addicted to cocaine using social network analysis (SNA) methods. The data do not support strong assertions about gender differences in the personal networks of the study sample. However, the results of the study suggest that men tend to have more drug users in their networks than women, as well as less structurally cohesive networks. Women tend to include more men in their personal networks than men included women. Implications of the research results for network-based drug prevention intervention as well as the value of SNA methods for drug use research are discussed.

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GOLDBERG, EVELYN L., PEARL VAN NATTA, and GEORGE W. COMSTOCK. "DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT OF ELDERLY WOMEN." American Journal of Epidemiology 121, no. 3 (March 1985): 448–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114017.

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Choi, Kyung-Won, and Gyeong-Suk Jeon. "Social Network Types and Depressive Symptoms among Older Korean Men and Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 24, 2021): 11175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111175.

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This study explores the social network types of older Korean men and women, and the relationship of those networks to depressive symptoms. A population of 4608 older adults who participated in the Living Profiles of Older People Survey (LPOPS) were included in the study. Seven criterion variables—marital status, living arrangements, frequency of contact with children, close friends, and close relatives, participation in social activities, and total network size—were included in a K-means cluster analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of the impact of social network type on depressive symptoms was conducted. We identified two “diverse type” social networks (diverse-married and diverse-unmarried) in women, and one diverse type and one “social-activity-focused type” network in men. Family focused type and two “restricted type” social networks (restricted-couple-focused, and restricted-unmarried) were identified in both men and women. The restricted-unmarried and restricted-couple-focused networks were associated with more depressive symptoms in both men and women. However, the family focused type was associated with more depressive symptoms only in women. The results indicated that social network types, and their impact on depressive symptoms, differ by gender. There is a need for further research on gender differences in the social network types of older adults across diverse cultures.

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Kroenke, Candyce H., Laura D. Kubzansky, Eva S. Schernhammer, Michelle D. Holmes, and Ichiro Kawachi. "Social Networks, Social Support, and Survival After Breast Cancer Diagnosis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 7 (March 1, 2006): 1105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.04.2846.

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Purpose We prospectively examined social ties and survival after breast cancer diagnosis. Patients and Methods Participants included 2,835 women from the Nurses' Health Study who were diagnosed with stages 1 to 4 breast cancer between 1992 and 2002. Of these women, 224 deaths (107 of these related to breast cancer) accrued to the year 2004. Social networks were assessed in 1992, 1996, and 2000 with the Berkman-Syme Social Networks Index. Social support was assessed in 1992 and 2000 as the presence and availability of a confidant. Cox proportional hazards models were used in prospective analyses of social networks and support, both before and following diagnosis, and subsequent survival. Results In multivariate-adjusted analyses, women who were socially isolated before diagnosis had a subsequent 66% increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.65) and a two-fold increased risk of breast cancer mortality (HR = 2.14; 95% CI, 1.11 to 4.12) compared with women who were socially integrated. Women without close relatives (HR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.03 to 6.82), friends (HR = 4.06; 95% CI, 1.40 to 11.75), or living children (HR = 5.62; 95% CI, 1.20 to 26.46) had elevated risks of breast cancer mortality and of all-cause mortality compared with those with the most social ties. Neither participation in religious or community activities nor having a confidant was related to outcomes. Effect estimates were similar in analyses of postdiagnosis networks. Conclusion Socially isolated women had an elevated risk of mortality after a diagnosis of breast cancer, likely because of a lack of access to care, specifically beneficial caregiving from friends, relatives, and adult children.

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AVOGO, WINFRED, and VICTOR AGADJANIAN. "MEN’S SOCIAL NETWORKS AND CONTRACEPTION IN GHANA." Journal of Biosocial Science 40, no. 3 (May 2008): 413–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932007002507.

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SummaryIn this paper, longitudinal data from northern Ghana is used to assess the effects of encouragement to use family planning that men receive from their personal network partners on the adoption of modern contraception by their wives. The study tests a conceptual model that, in addition to the effect of men’s network encouragement, incorporates the effect of encouragement to use family planning that women receive from their respective network partners and the effect of spousal communication on reproductive matters and approval of family planning. Results show that encouragement received by men from their social networks significantly increases the likelihood of subsequent contraceptive use by their wives but this effect operates primarily by galvanizing spousal communication on reproductive matters. The effect of encouragement received by women from their respective network partners is largely independent from the effect of male network encouragement but it influences contraceptive adoption both directly and through spousal communication.

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Popoola, Tosin, Joan Skinner, and Martin Woods. "Exploring the Social Networks of Women Bereaved by Stillbirth: A Descriptive Qualitative Study." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 11 (October 21, 2021): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11111056.

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The loss of a baby to stillbirth is a traumatic experience and can lead to secondary losses, such as the loss of social relationships. In Nigeria, stillbirths are a common public health problem. However, limited attention has been given to the social ramifications of stillbirths. This study describes the social networks of women who have experienced a stillbirth and the factors influencing their social networks. Interviews and social network diagrams were used to collect data from 20 women about their social networks before and after stillbirth. Findings suggest that the experience of shame, unmet expectation of support, and a lack of trust led to relationship changes after stillbirth. Most participants met bereavement needs with their existing social networks before stillbirth, but many participants also experienced relationship losses (even among family networks). Information from social network analysis can reveal the risks and strengths inherent in social networks, which can be helpful for the provision of tailored/personalized bereavement care.

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Katz, Matthew, Nefertiti A. Walker, and Lauren C. Hindman. "Gendered Leadership Networks in the NCAA: Analyzing Affiliation Networks of Senior Woman Administrators and Athletic Directors." Journal of Sport Management 32, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2017-0306.

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The purpose of this study is to examine and compare the informal networks of both senior woman administrators (SWAs) and athletic directors (ADs) within National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I institutions. Drawing on extant literature citing the underrepresentation of women in sport leadership positions, we incorporate a network approach to build and analyze affiliation networks of SWAs and ADs. Guided by the framework of Leadership in Networks, we argue that the social structures within which ADs and SWAs operate impact opportunities for leader emergence and leadership outcomes. By comparing the AD and SWA affiliation networks, we illustrate the differences in informal networks among men and women leaders in sport, highlighting how informal networks may contribute to the lack of women in sport leadership positions. Previous scholars have long cited an “old boys’ club” as a barrier to women achieving leadership positions, but we argue these studies have largely relied on dispositional evidence rather than methodological and analytical strategies designed specifically to examine relationships and the corresponding network structures. Our results indicate that the SWA network is far less cohesive than the AD networks, and the few women in the AD networks are largely located outside the center of the affiliation networks. Implications regarding the impact of informal networks on the underrepresented nature of women in leadership positions are discussed.

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Rebollo-Catalán, María-Ángelez, and Alba Vico-Bosch. "Perceived social support as a factor of rural women’s digital inclusion in online social networks." Comunicar 22, no. 43 (July 1, 2014): 173–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c43-2014-17.

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This article presents the results of a study on the digital inclusion of rural women in social networks. Its main objective is to understand the social support perceived by these women within online social networks and its relation to digital inclusion, considering also whether there are differences in the degree of support depending on age, family status and employment status. To do this, we applied two scales measuring perceived social support and digital inclusion to 478 women from rural areas of Andalusia aged 18 to 65. The results showed a medium level of support, with significant differences found in the social support perceived by women depending on their age, family status and employment status. Women, who were young, students, single, with no children and who use Tuenti and Facebook perceived a higher level of social support in social networks. We also observed a strong relation between perceived social support and the digital inclusion of women in social networks, with similarities appearing in studies carried out in different contexts and social groups. The discussion looks at implications for the formation of an active and participatory citizenship of women in social networks. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre la inclusión digital de las mujeres rurales en las redes sociales. Su objetivo fundamental es conocer el apoyo social percibido por las mujeres dentro de las redes sociales online y su relación con la inclusión digital, considerando también si existen diferencias en el grado de apoyo en función de la edad y la situación familiar y laboral. Para ello, aplicamos sendas escalas de medida del apoyo social percibido y la inclusión digital a 478 mujeres de entornos rurales de Andalucía con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 65 años. Los resultados muestran un grado de apoyo medio, encontrando diferencias significativas en el apoyo social percibido por las mujeres en función de su edad y situación familiar y laboral. Son las mujeres jóvenes, solteras, estudiantes, sin hijos que usan Tuenti y Facebook las que más apoyo social perciben en las redes sociales. Asimismo, se observa una fuerte relación entre el apoyo social percibido y la inclusión digital de las mujeres en las redes sociales, mostrando coincidencias con otras investigaciones realizadas en otros contextos y grupos sociales. La discusión de resultados presenta algunas implicaciones para la formación de una ciudadanía activa y participativa de las mujeres en las redes sociales.

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Di Tommaso, Giorgia, Giovanni Stilo, and Paola Velardi. "A Gendered Analysis of Leadership in Enterprise Social Networks." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 11, no. 1 (May 3, 2017): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v11i1.14914.

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The present study is concerned with the analysis of women’s leadership in a less formal work environment, such as an enterprise social network. Our aim is to answer the following research questions: RQ1: Are Enterprise Social Networks a conductive environment to support the emergence of women informal leadership? RQ2: If answer to RQ1 is positive, do women actually exploit this opportunity?

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Monnickendam-Givon, Yisca, Dafna Schwartz, and Benjamin Gidron. "The surprising lack of connection between social networks and the enterprise success of ultra-religious female micro-entrepreneurs." Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy 12, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 395–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jec-05-2017-0031.

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Purpose The utilization of social networks is known to have an impact on micro-enterprise success. This study aims to examine the contribution of social networks in acquiring resources and their role in the enterprise’s success. Design/methodology/approach A business’s success is influenced by its network structure and the network’s resources. The authors examine whether unique religious-cultural characteristics affect the social networks contribution to a business’s success. This model examines the network utilization of women entrepreneurs who own micro-enterprises in ultra-religious groups. The sample consists of 123 surveys completed by Jewish ultra-Orthodox women entrepreneurs in Israel. Data collection was conducted between February and June 2013. The authors used a snowball sampling approach where interviewees were asked to refer us to other entrepreneurs. In the hour-long interview, a questionnaire was used with open and closed questions. Findings Findings indicate that strong personal ties provide a micro-enterprise with social legitimacy, emotional support and assistance in the management and operation of daily activities. However, contrary to the existing literature, network utilization did not contribute to enterprise success. That is, in religious communities in particular, social networks enable the existence of businesses, but do not contribute to their success. Practical implications The practical implications of this paper are the mapping of the social network resources used by the business owner, such as financial consultations or professional assistance, as well as distinguishing between strong and weak ties, which reflect the intensity of the contact for better use of the social network by the entrepreneurs. Originality/value This study examined social networks’ contribution to the acquisition of resources, as well as the part they play in the success of ultra-orthodox women micro-entrepreneurs and perhaps other religious and minorities groups.

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Sylvie, Viaux-Savelon, Fouillet Catherine, Fouillet Catherine, Bodeau Nicolas, and Nizard Jacky. "Which women uses social Internet networks during pregnancy?" Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 025–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.cjog.1001082.

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Internet has become an important part of our life, including during pregnancy where it is broadly used to find information (84%). The aims of this study were (1) to describe the proportion of women using Internet Social Networks (ISN) concerning their pregnancy, during pre or postpartum hospital stay, (2) to define how ISN users refer to their pregnancy and delivery on these social networks, (3) to compare anxiety level, social sustain level, sociodemographic characteristics of the both population (4) and to determine profiles of the ISN users with multiple correspondence analysis. Methods: 399 questionnaires were distributed in the postpartum wards of two academic hospitals in Paris, and 258 fully filled were retrieved. Tools: Anxiety scale (STAI- A and B), Cutrona Social Provisions Scale, sociodemographic and obstetrical questionnaire. Results: 76% (n = 195) were ISN users. We compared ISN users versus ISN non users women. Demographically, the two populations were comparable. Anxiety scores were similar in both groups, whereas social support scores showed a statistical difference in social integration. In the global population, 84% use Internet for information concerning pregnancy; this rate is higher for ISN users than ISN non users (tendency 0.058). ISN were used in priority for sharing with relatives, and 10% with other pregnant women. Concerning pregnancy, patients posted in priority the birth announcement (28%), the pregnancy announcement (23%), and the newborn’s pictures (12%). 6% posted their fetuses’ ultrasound pictures. Three clusters of ISN users were extracted with statistically different social support scores (p = 0.019) and comparable anxiety scores. The third one, with at risk profile, used ISN as social support. For all women, but specifically for younger and more socially fragile women, Internet gives to professional new perspectives to develop information and prevention tools during the perinatal period.

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Fehrenbacher, Anne E., Jesse B. Fletcher, Kirsty A. Clark, Kimberly A. Kisler, and Cathy J. Reback. "Social Networks and Exchange Sex among Transgender Women." Journal of Sex Research 58, no. 6 (March 28, 2021): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2021.1892575.

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Khadim, Niang, Jean A. D. Tine, Mboup Fatima Zahra, Bassoum Omar, Fatoumata B. Diongue, Amadou I. Diallo, and Faye Adama. "Self-Medication of Senegalese Women through Social Networks." Health 12, no. 04 (2020): 396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/health.2020.124032.

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Pickens, Judith M. "SOCIAL NETWORKS FOR WOMEN With Serious Mental Illness." Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 37, no. 5 (May 1999): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0279-3695-19990501-14.

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Espwall, Majen, and Niclas Olofsson. "Social Networks of Women with Undefined Musculoskeletal Disorder." Social Work in Health Care 36, no. 1 (November 12, 2002): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j010v36n01_06.

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Levendosky, Alytia A., G. Anne Bogat, Sally A. Theran, Jennifer S. Trotter, Alexander von Eye, and William S. Davidson. "The Social Networks of Women Experiencing Domestic Violence." American Journal of Community Psychology 34, no. 1-2 (September 2004): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ajcp.0000040149.58847.10.

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King, Toni C. "Selected Social Networks of African American Professional Women." Women & Therapy 16, no. 4 (June 13, 1995): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j015v16n04_06.

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Villesèche, Florence, and Emmanuel Josserand. "Formal women-only networks: literature review and propositions." Personnel Review 46, no. 5 (August 7, 2017): 1004–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-03-2015-0074.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the emerging literature on formal women-only business networks and outline propositions to develop this under-theorised area of knowledge and stimulate future research. Design/methodology/approach The authors review the existing literature on formal internal and external women-only networks and use the broader social capital and network literature to frame their arguments and develop propositions. Findings Propositions are developed regarding how both internal and external formal women-only business networks can be of value for members, firms/organisations and the wider social group of women in business. Research limitations/implications The authors focus on the distinction between external and internal formal women-only networks while also acknowledging the broader diversity that can characterise such networks. Their review provides the reader with an insight into the state of the art and a set of propositions that present opportunities for future research. Practical implications The paper provides insights into how women in business, organisations and wider society can leverage value from both internal and external formal women-only business networks. Social implications The paper contributes to research showing that the social structure of interactions and context can impact women’s standing in the workplace. Originality/value The paper sheds light on the under-studied and under-theorised phenomenon of formal women-only business networks. Beyond the individual member level, the authors suggest that such networks can be of value for organisations and the wider social group of women in management and leadership positions.

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McMichael, Celia, and Lenore Manderson. "Somali Women and Well-Being: Social Networks and Social Capital among Immigrant Women in Australia." Human Organization 63, no. 1 (March 2004): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.63.1.nwlpjdj4d4l9756l.

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Sander, Tom, Ieva Pūķe, and Biruta Sloka. "Revealing Employer’s Name in Social Networks." Economics and Business 30, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eb-2017-0005.

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Abstract The research investigates the question of the importance of mentioning the name of the employer in online and offline social networks. The exchange of information is an important part of social networks and social capital theory. Companies can use the networks of their employees to recruit new hires and to check habits and interests of likely new employees. To do that, the employee has to mention the name of the company in these social networks. The paper compares different real social networks used by family and friends and private and business social network sites (SNSs) as online social networks and compares the differences between men and women. The empirical research has been done by a survey. The survey data are analysed using the main indicators of descriptive statistics, frequency, t-test and cross tables. The results of the research reveal that real social networks are more accepted than virtual social networks. The difference in use of social networks between genders is confirmed.

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Wang, Gang, Yu Li Lei, Chong Jun Wang, and Shao Jie Qiao. "Community Evolution in Dynamic Social Networks." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 2634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.2634.

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This paper proposed a framework and an algorithm for identifying communities in dynamic social networks. In order to handle the drawbacks of traditional approaches for social network analysis, we utilize the community similarities and infrequent change of community members combined with community structure optimization to develop a Group-based social community identification model to analyze the change of social interaction network with multiple time steps. According to this model ,we introduced a greed-cut algorithm and depth-search-first approach and combine them to develop a new algorithm for dynamic social interaction network recognition (called ADSIN). In addition, we conduct experiments on the dataset of Southern Women, the experiment results validate the accuracy and effectiveness of ADSIN.

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McLaughlin, Deirdre, Dimitrios Vagenas, Nancy A. Pachana, Nelufa Begum, and Annette Dobson. "Gender Differences in Social Network Size and Satisfaction in Adults in Their 70s." Journal of Health Psychology 15, no. 5 (July 2010): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105310368177.

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Strong social support is associated with lower mortality and morbidity and better self-rated health in later life. The aim of this study was to compare social network size and satisfaction in men ( N = 2589) and women ( n = 3152), aged 72—78 years. Women reported significantly larger networks (Difference 1.36, 95% CI 0.89, 1.83) than men. However, being separated, divorced or single had a significantly greater impact on men’s social networks (Difference 0.92, 95% CI 0.17, 1.68). Poor mental health and sensory impairments were associated with smaller networks and lower satisfaction with support for both men and women.

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Loutfi, David, Neil Andersson, Susan Law, Leagajang Kgakole, Jon Salsberg, Jeannie Haggerty, and Anne Cockcroft. "Reaching marginalized young women for HIV prevention in Botswana: a pilot social network analysis." Global Health Promotion 27, no. 2 (March 14, 2019): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975918820803.

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Almost one-fifth of Botswana’s population is infected with HIV. The Inter-Ministerial National Structural Intervention Trial is a trial to test the impact on HIV rates of a structural intervention that refocuses government structural support programs in favor of young women. Ensuring that the intervention reaches all vulnerable young women in any given community is a challenge. Door-to-door recruitment was inefficient in previous work, so we explored innovative ways to reach this population. We sought to understand the support networks of marginalized young women, and to test the possibility of using social networks to support universal recruitment in this population. Ego-centric and sociometric analyses were used to describe the support networks of marginalized young women. Marginalized young women go to other women and relatives for support, and they communicate face to face rather than using social media. Network maps show how young women were connected to each other. Lessons from the pilot include a better understanding of how to use social networks as a recruitment method, such as the time required and the types of community members that can help. Social networks could help reach other hard-to-reach populations.

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Harling, Guy, Katherine Ann Morris, Lenore Manderson, Jessica M. Perkins, and Lisa F. Berkman. "Age and Gender Differences in Social Network Composition and Social Support Among Older Rural South Africans: Findings From the HAALSI Study." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75, no. 1 (March 26, 2018): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gby013.

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Abstract Objectives Drawing on the “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH community in South Africa” (HAALSI) baseline survey, we present data on older adults’ social networks and receipt of social support in rural South Africa. We examine how age and gender differences in social network characteristics matched with patterns predicted by theories of choice- and constraint-based network contraction in older adults. Method We used regression analysis on data for 5,059 South African adults aged 40 and older. Results Older respondents reported fewer important social contacts and less frequent communication than their middle-aged peers, largely due to fewer nonkin connections. Network size difference between older and younger respondents was greater for women than for men. These gender and age differences were explicable by much higher levels of widowhood among older women compared to younger women and older men. There was no evidence for employment-related network contraction or selective retention of emotionally supportive ties. Discussion Marriage-related structural constraints impacted on older women’s social networks in rural South Africa, but did not explain choice-based network contraction. These findings suggest that many older women in rural Africa, a growing population, may have an unmet need for social support.

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Hatton, Stephen B. "Female Connectors in Social Networks: Catharine Minnich (Died 1843, Pennsylvania)." Genealogy 5, no. 4 (December 7, 2021): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5040104.

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The thesis of the article is that taking a social network approach to genealogical problems of origin and parentage can, where applicable, result in two noteworthy benefits. The first benefit is that it may more quickly and effectively lead to matrilateral kin by helping to reconstruct a kinship network. The second benefit is that it will lead to a deeper understanding of social circles in which a husband and/or wife participate. This approach turns the usual genealogical practice of unravelling a female’s position in a cluster in relation to her husband on its head—the male’s position in a social network is reconstructed by backtracking one of his significant females (wife, mother, or sister). As background, the article briefly discusses networks, the importance of women as connectors in kinship networks, and cultural practices of kinship, in this case, eighteenth-century Germany/United States. It then presents a case study of Catharine Minnich, a Pennsylvania woman of German descent. In addition to analyzing relations by blood and marriage, it recognizes the important role of baptismal sponsors in aligning a multi-family network.

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Blommaert, Lieselotte, Roza Meuleman, Stefan Leenheer, and Anete Butkēviča. "The gender gap in job authority: Do social network resources matter?" Acta Sociologica 63, no. 4 (June 12, 2019): 381–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699319847504.

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Women generally have less job authority than men. Previous research has shown that human capital, family features and contextual factors cannot fully explain this gender authority gap. Another popular explanation holds that women’s career opportunities are limited because their social networks comprise less beneficial contacts and resources than men’s. Yet, the role of social networks has received little attention in empirical research seeking to explain the gender gap in job authority. This study examines to what extent gender differences in social networks exist and are related to the gender authority gap. Drawing on two strands of social network theory, we develop hypotheses about the role of network diversity and network status. We test these hypotheses using representative longitudinal data from the NEtherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study (2009–2013). Results reveal that women generally had less diverse occupational networks in terms of contacts’ occupations and were less likely to know managers than men, network features which are found to be significantly related to job authority. Controlling for these gender differences in networks leads to a reduction of the observed gender authority gap that is statistically significant but modest in substantive terms.

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Mwangi, Mungai, Dr Mary Gitahi, and Dr George Evans Owino. "Role of Social Network Structures on Birth Attendant Decisions Among Women in Nakuru County, Kenya." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 11 (November 12, 2022): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20221124.

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Introduction: Three-fourths of maternal deaths occur from direct obstetric complications. These life-threatening pregnancy-related outcomes are avoidable through ensuring that mothers have access to adequate and proper maternal health services and prompt management of any complications during pregnancy or childbirth process. This study examined the relationship between social network structures and birth attendant decisions among women in Nakuru County, Kenya. Methods: The study applied a mixed-method approach that employs a convergent parallel design. Interviewer administered questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data among women of birth giving age and community health workers (CHWs) respectively. Chi-square tests for independence were used to assess whether the dependent variable and categorical independent variables are independent at p< 0.05 significance levels. Binomial logistic regression technique was employed to identify variables that are likely to be essential predictors for the dependent variable. Qualitative data from in-depth interviews with key informants was analyzed through content analysis using NVivo 10. Results: About 55% of the women were embedded in homogeneous networks, 76% had high Skilled Birth Attendants (SBA) endorsement networks, and the average number of social networks was 2.4 (SD=1.1, median = 2). There was no significant relationship between social network size and birth attendant decision (χ2(2), p=.072). There was, however, a significant relationship between social network content and birth attendant decision (χ2(1)=55.604, p< 0.001). Social network homogeneity was also strongly related to birth attendant choice (χ2(1)=21.152, p<0.001). Women embedded in social networks with high SBA endorsement had 5.28 higher odds of giving birth in a health facility than their counterparts embedded in low SBA endorsement. Those embedded in a homogeneous network had a 70% reduction in odds of facility delivery. Conclusion: According to the study findings, social networks can either facilitate or constrain facility utilization during birth, and thus health education and mother mobilization interventions promoting facility birth should leverage on the role of social networks. Key words: social networks, mixed methods, birth attendant decisions, skilled birth attendants

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Oksun Kang. "Women Writer’s Writings and Their Social Consciousness: Women Education and Unitarian Networks." English21 23, no. 1 (March 2010): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35771/engdoi.2010.23.1.001.

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Arat, Gizem, Arzu Icagasıoglu-Coban, and Gonca Polat. "Social Capital Formation among Turkish Women." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 5, no. 1 (March 27, 2013): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v5i1.2635.

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The purpose of the current study was to identify Turkish women’s social capital formation. This study consisted of 170 women with low SES residing closer to shantytowns. The authors performed the Logistic regression analysis to examine the social capital formation (civic engagement, trust, social participation, and social networks) of women in terms of six variables (age, educational level, employment and marital status, homeownership, community centers, and the length of stay in the same neighborhood) in four different community centers in Ankara, Turkey. Logistic regression results suggest that the length of stay in the same neighborhood was associated both with staying in touch with neighbors (social networks) and trust in municipal service provision (trust), and women’s educational level was associated with voting (civic engagement) and the utilization of municipal services (social participation). Further research should be conducted by comparing men’s and women’s social capital creation by adding other variables.

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Fuller-Iglesias, Heather R., and Toni Antonucci. "Convoys of social support in Mexico." International Journal of Behavioral Development 40, no. 4 (April 14, 2015): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025415581028.

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The Convoy Model suggests that at different stages of the lifespan the makeup of the social support network varies in step with developmental and contextual needs. Cultural norms may shape the makeup of social convoys as well as denote socio-demographic differences in social support. This study examines the social convoys of adults in Mexico. Specifically, it examines whether social network structure varies by age, gender, and education level, thus addressing the paucity of research on interpersonal relations in Mexico. A sample of 1,202 adults (18–99 years of age) was drawn from the Study of Social Relations and Well-being in Mexico. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated older adults had larger, more geographically proximate networks with a greater proportion of kin but less frequent contact. Women had larger, less geographically proximate networks with less frequent contact. Less educated individuals had smaller, more geographically proximate networks with more frequent contact and a greater proportion of kin. Age moderated gender and education effects indicated that younger women have more diverse networks and less educated older adults have weaker social ties. This study highlights socio-demographic variation in social convoys within the Mexican context, and suggests implications for fostering intergenerational relationships, policy, and interventions. Future research on Mexican convoys should further explore sources of support, and specifically address implications for well-being.

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Ame, Atia Sharmin, Lavlu Mozumdar, Mohammad Amirul Islam, and Sumitra Saha. "Social Networks and Reproductive Healthcare-Seeking Behaviour of Garo and Mandai Women in Bangladesh." South Asian Survey 29, no. 2 (September 2022): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09715231221124724.

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The reproductive healthcare system is meagre in the ethnic communities of Bangladesh. Notwithstanding the availability of studies on the healthcare-seeking behaviour of ethnic groups in Bangladesh, studies explicitly focused on the social networks of ethnic women, and their likely influences on reproductive health in this context are rare. We analyse how social networks impact ethnic women’s reproductive healthcare-seeking behaviour in Bangladesh. A total of 205 married ethnic—Garo and Mandai—women were selected purposively from Madhupur Upazila in the Tangail district. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics show that the average score of reproductive healthcare-seeking behaviour of Garo and Mandai women is low (40 out of 70), and the average network size of that women is slightly small (2.58). Results from hierarchical multiple regression models show that, next to years of schooling, reproductive health-related training and membership status, network size is positively related, while reproductive health constraints are negatively related, and ethnicity is not statistically associated with reproductive healthcare-seeking behaviour of Garo and Mandai women. This study reveals that social networks of ethnic women may improve their reproductive healthcare-seeking behaviour in Bangladesh. Hence, the policy recommendation is that social network agents are more equipped with reproductive health-related knowledge and information.

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Jamaludin, Mohd Faizal, and Fathyah Hashim. "BOARD DIVERSITY NETWORKS AND EARNINGS QUALITY IN MALAYSIA." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices 4, no. 13 (March 10, 2021): 53–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijemp.413005.

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This study examines the relationship between board diversity networks and earnings quality using different direct and indirect network centrality measures established by social network analysis. This study establishes the network pattern of 4416 directors consists of 4609 men and 407 women directors from a sample of 745 listed companies on Bursa Malaysia in 2011. Overall, the results show that there is a significant negative relationship between director networks and earnings quality. Additionally, the analysis on gender-based networks suggests that while the effect of men directors’ networks is consistent with the main network model, the women directors create a network which capable of enhancing the company’s earnings quality. The negative network effects on earnings quality most likely due to the reputation of social status, which eventually detriment the companies’ value.

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Gaughan, Monica, Julia Melkers, and Eric Welch. "Differential Social Network Effects on Scholarly Productivity." Science, Technology, & Human Values 43, no. 3 (November 5, 2017): 570–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243917735900.

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Academic productivity is realized through resources obtained from professional networks in which scientists are embedded. Using a national survey of academic faculty in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields across multiple institution types, we examine how the structure of professional networks affects scholarly productivity and how those effects may differ by race, ethnicity, and gender. We find that network size masks important differences in composition. Using negative binomial regression, we find that both the size and composition of professional networks affect scientific productivity, but bigger is not always better. We find that instrumental networks increase scholarly productivity, while advice networks reduce it. There are important interactive effects that are masked by modeling only direct effects. We find that white men are especially advantaged by instrumental networks, and women are especially advantaged by advice networks.

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Brands, Raina A., and Aneeta Rattan. "Perceived Centrality in Social Networks Increases Women’s Expectations of Confronting Sexism." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 46, no. 12 (March 25, 2020): 1682–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167220912621.

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This article integrates the study of intergroup relations and social network cognition, predicting that women who occupy central (vs. peripheral) advice network positions are more likely to confront a coworker’s gender-biased comment. Study 1 offers correlational evidence of the predicted link between perceived advice network centrality and confronting among employed women, uniquely in advice (but not communication) networks. Study 2 replicates and investigates two possible mechanisms—perceptions of the situation as public and perceived risk of confronting. Study 3 rules out order effects and tests an additional mechanism (expectations of the network members). Study 4 is an experiment that shows people expect central (vs. peripheral) women to confront more, even when she is lower (vs. equal) power. Study 5 replicates the core hypothesis in retrospective accounts of women’s responses to real workplace gender bias. Study 6 compares multiple potential mechanisms to provide greater insight into why centrality reliably predicts confrontation.

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sinha, Dr Poonam. "WOMEN AND SOCIAL REFORMS." GENESIS 7, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47211/tg.2020.v07i03.020.

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Social Reformers faced so many legal problems for women welfare in our society. They want to reform the condition of women in our society. There are so many bad traditions enforced on women who force them to follow rules which are against their development in our society, society never wants reforms to their condition which is against women but some social reformers fight against the law which is made by society for women. It is very clear they never want to change the Law against women which was fabricated by them but some social reformers fight against those Law which was made by the society. They also knew that all these laws which were imposed on women, that are the cruelty of society under which women can never develop in our society. Gradually, the awareness in women increased and she felt that all these laws were against her.

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Holloway, Ian W., Sid P. Jordan, Shannon L. Dunlap, Amy Ritterbusch, and Cathy J. Reback. "Leveraging Social Networks and Technology for HIV Prevention and Treatment With Transgender Women." AIDS Education and Prevention 32, no. 2 (April 2020): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2020.32.2.83.

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Transgender women (“trans women”) are disproportionately impacted by HIV; yet there are few interventions tailored for trans women. This study employed qualitative methods to better understand how trans women's social networks and technology-based networking platforms may be leveraged in developing health promotion strategies for this high-priority population. Qualitative data from five focus groups (N = 39) revealed three key themes: (1) Social network structure and composition; (2) Technology use patterns; and (3) Accessing transgender health resources online. Participants used technology to establish affiliation with other trans women, build networks of support, and exchange health information and advice. Policymakers and practitioners can invest in the knowledge and expertise of trans women in using technology to organize health resources and support the development of peer-led, technology-based HIV prevention and care interventions.

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Kroenke, Candyce H., Yvonne Michael, Xiao-Ou Shu, Elizabeth Poole, Marilyn L. Kwan, Bette J. Caan, Sarah Nechuta, John P. Pierce, and Wendy Y. Chen. "Postdiagnosis social networks and lifestyle and treatment mechanisms in the Ater Breast Cancer Pooling Project (ABCPP)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 26_suppl (September 10, 2014): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.26_suppl.115.

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115 Background: Larger social networks have been associated with better breast cancer survival. To investigate potential mediators, we evaluated associations of social network size and diversity with lifestyle and treatment factors associated with prognosis. Methods: We included 9,331 women from the After Breast Cancer Pooling Project who provided data on social networks within two years following diagnosis. A social network index was derived from information about the presence of a spouse or intimate partner, religious ties, community participation, friendship ties, and numbers of relatives. Diversity was assessed as variety of ties, independent of size. We used logistic regression to evaluate associations with outcomes and evaluated whether effect estimates differed using meta-analytic techniques. Results: Associations of social networks and outcomes generally did not differ by cohort. Because of the low prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption in the Shanghai cohort, however, analyses of smoking and alcohol included US cohorts only. Women who were socially isolated (small networks) were more likely to be obese (body mass index>30 kg/m2, OR=1.21, 95% CI:1.03-1.42) and have low physical activity (<10 MET-h/wk, OR=1.53, 95% CI:1.34-1.75) compared to socially integrated women. Women with low network diversity were more likely to be current smokers (OR=3.68, 95% CI:2.19-6.19) and have high alcohol consumption (>15 g/d alcohol, OR=2.43, 95% CI:1.60-3.69). Among node positive cases, socially isolated women were more likely not to receive chemotherapy (OR=1.52, 95% CI:1.03-2.25). By contrast, low network diversity, but not social network size, was associated with greater odds of not receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy (OR=1.52, 95% CI:1.03-2.23). Associations with surgery were nonsignificant. Conclusions: In a large pooled cohort, small, less diverse social networks measured post-diagnosis were associated with more adverse lifestyle factors and less intensive cancer treatment, which may help to explain poorer breast cancer prognosis in socially isolated women.

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Manuel, Jennifer Knapp, Barbara S. McCrady, Elizabeth E. Epstein, Sharon Cook, and J. Scott Tonigan. "The Pretreatment Social Networks of Women With Alcohol Dependence." Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 68, no. 6 (November 2007): 871–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2007.68.871.

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Toohey, Siobhan M., Marybeth Shinn, and Beth C. Weitzman. "Social Networks and Homelessness Among Women Heads of Household." American Journal of Community Psychology 33, no. 1-2 (March 2004): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:ajcp.0000014315.82860.d2.

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Thomson, Tiffany L., Valdis Krebs, Julianna M. Nemeth, Bo Lu, Juan Peng, Nathan J. Doogan, Amy K. Ferketich, et al. "Social Networks and Smoking in Rural Women: Intervention Implications." American Journal of Health Behavior 40, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.40.4.2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Women Social networks'

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