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1
Shulzhenko, I. V., and K. V. Diadiura. "JUVENILE LABOR PROTECTION." INTELLIGENCE. PERSONALITY. CIVILIZATION, no. 1 (20) (June 30, 2020): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4835-2020-20-1-84-89.
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Objective. The objective of the article is to study the problem of implementation and effectiveness of social and labor guarantees provided to employees under the age of eighteen. The authors substantiate and analyze the effectiveness of benefits and advantages provided in accordance with the current labor legislation to persons who need additional legal protection, namely minors. Methods.. The tasks are solved by applying such methods as analysis and generalization of scientific, popular science literature and legal acts that provide benefits and advantages to working women and underage employees Results. The authors come to the conclusion that in modern conditions, labor protection requires improvement of both normative and organizational one. The current situation of minors in the labour market is characterized by discrimination. When applying for employment, persons under the age of 18 are not reported about a special set of additional rights, and some employers take advantage of this. Therefore, one of the factors in the implementation of labor protection standards for minors is to inform persons under the age of eighteen about their rights, guarantees, and working conditions through the mass media, which have a fairly effective impact on young people. The level of labor protection for persons under 18 indicates about the maturity of the state, the development of its legal institutions and the level of social and legal consciousness. After all, only through work can people meet their material and moral needs. Therefore, taking into account the physiological and physical characteristics of the body of a minor, which is just being formed, we need to improve labor protection not only in our country, but also in the international community, because life and health are the most important value.
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Honawar, Mangala. "Social Work Intervention with Women Offenders: A Pathway to Prevent Recidivism." Asian Social Work Journal 4, no. 4 (November 2, 2019): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/aswj.v4i4.112.
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Literature has consistently shown that women offenders often have unique needs compared to men primarily due to their role as primary care givers within the family structure. The challenges and needs of women offenders vis-à-vis their vulnerabilities, biases against them, discriminations at various levels and of various kinds in the society and several such factors demand both a professional and a holistic approach towards preventing recidivism among them. Over a period, there has been a growing need for specialized interventions for various populations of people in conflict with law. For example, there is a growing area of intervention for specific categories such as juvenile offenders, young offenders, etc. The statistics on crime show an increasing involvement of women in crime and an emerging need to deal with the issue differently than the existing approach of the Criminal Justice System. It is in this context that professional social workers have an important role to play in prison settings, particularly in the context of women, their vulnerabilities and their involvement in crime. They can intervene during crucial phases such as when the women enter the prison for the first time, during their under-trial detention, conviction period and also provide family related services, health and mental health support and counseling, educational support, facilitate skill development, and job placement in addition to monitoring prison conditions. Social work intervention holds the potential to prevent recidivism among women offenders.
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Можейко, Л. Ф., and Е. Д. Маркова. "Features of the Course of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Condition of Newborn Children of Young Primiparous." Педиатрия. Восточная Европа, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2022.10.1.023.
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Введение. Репродуктивное поведение современных подростков характеризуется снижением возраста сексуального дебюта, ослаблением брачно-семейных отношений, низкой сексуальной культурой, что приводит к росту числа беременностей среди несовершеннолетних. Медико-социальная проблема ювенильной беременности, имеющая тенденцию к распространению как в мире, так и в Республике Беларусь, существующие в научной литературе различные мнения в отношении течения беременности и родов у юных первородящих послужили основанием для проведения данного исследования.Цель. Изучить особенности течения беременности и родов, состояние новорожденных детей у юных первородящих женщин.Материалы и методы. Проведены оценка медико-социального статуса, особенностей течения беременности и родов, состояния новорожденных детей у 105 несовершеннолетних женщин, а также анализ медицинской документации акушерского стационара УЗ «1-я ГКБ» г. Минска.Результаты. Раннее начало половой жизни среди юных первородящих, низкий уровень образования и профессионального статуса, недостаточная осведомленность по вопросам контрацепции способствовали наступлению нежелательной беременности. Соматическая (36%) и гинекологическая (68%) патология в анамнезе, перенесенные инфекции, передающиеся половым путем (23%), урогенитальные инфекции (41%), а также незрелость организма в целом обуславливали высокий процент осложнений (72,3%), возникающих в период беременности и родов у этой категории женщин. Факт поздней явки подростков в женскую консультацию (59,18%) приводил к тому, что ювенильная беременность протекала без должного наблюдения врачей, что оказывало негативное влияние на здоровье матери, плода и новорожденного ребенка.Заключение. Следует уделять особое внимание комплексной оценке состояния здоровья юной беременной и плода с ранних сроков гестации для своевременной коррекции акушерских и перинатальных осложнений. Introduction. The reproductive behavior of modern adolescents is characterized by a decrease in the age of sexual debut, a weakening of marriage and family relations, a low sexual culture, which contributes to an increase in the number of pregnancies among minors. The medical and social problem of juvenile pregnancy, which tends to increase both in the world and in the Republic of Belarus, the different opinions existing in the scientific literature regarding the course of pregnancy and childbirth in young primiparas served as the basis for this study.Purpose. To study the features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, the condition of newborns in young primiparous women.Materials and methods. Assessment of the medical and social status, characteristics of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, the state of newborn children in 105 underage women; analysis of medical records of the obstetric hospital of the HCI "1st CCH" in Minsk. Results. Early onset of sexual activity among young primiparous, low level of education and professional status, lack of awareness of contraception issues contributed to the onset of unwanted pregnancy. A history of somatic (36%) and gynecological (68%) pathology, STIs (23% of cases), urogenital infections (41% of cases), as well as immaturity of the body as a whole, caused a high percentage of complications (72.3%) that occur during pregnancy and childbirth in this category of women. The fact of late arrival of adolescents to antenatal clinics (59.18%) led to the fact that juvenile pregnancy proceeded without proper medical supervision, which had a negative impact on the health of the mother, fetus and newborn children.Conclusion. The results of the study clearly indicate the importance of the problemof juvenile obstetrics and serve as a weighty argument for the rational solution of the important medical and social problem of teenage pregnancy.
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Shah, Nadil, Rana Saba Sultan, and Bashir Kaker. "Balochi Oral Literature and Gender Construction." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 16, no. 1 (March 8, 2018): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v16i1.117.
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Language plays a vital role for the shaping of the social structure of a society. Similarly, proverbs are the significant part of any language being used in a day to day communication. These proverbs are transformed and transferred from generation to generation in according to the social events and conditions. The current study carried out on representation of women in Balochi language proverbs. The purpose of this study was to critically analyze the gender representation of women in Balochi language Proverbs. In present study purposive sampling technique is used to collect data. The data were collected from four books on Balochi proverbs among them 15 proverbs are critically analyzed. All those proverbs which represented women are taken and analyzed. Moreover, the Hegemonic masculinity, hegemony and social constructionism theories are used to analyze the data. The findings of this study suggests that women are represented in a gendered way depicting her role as dependency, submissiveness, marginalized and lack agency whereas men have been portrayed as powerful, brave, ruler and holds greater autonomy over economic, social, religious and political domain.
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Mazzucchelli, Omar, Claudia Manzi, and Cristina Rossi Lamastra. "Women’s Working Conditions during COVID-19: A Review of the Literature and a Research Agenda." Social Sciences 11, no. 12 (November 22, 2022): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11120539.
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The COVID-19 pandemic triggered new working modalities, typically aimed at flexibility. However, the COVID-related restrictions caused adverse effects such as unemployment, precariousness, and social anxiety. Effects on working conditions differ depending on the socio-demographic features of those affected (e.g., gender, social status, economic situation, ethnicity). Scholars agree that people who were disadvantaged before the pandemic—the so-called minority power groups, e.g., women, young people, and immigrants—suffered the most from its effects. This literature review systematizes the main findings of studies on one of these minority power groups, namely women.
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Prayitno, Kuat Puji, Dwiki Oktobrian, and Jaco Barkhuizen. "Addressing Prison Education and the Obstacles in Ensuring the Right to Education in Indonesian Juvenile Correctional Facilities." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 7, no. 2 (December 7, 2023): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v7i2.42656.
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Reintegrating juvenile offenders into society with a positive reception is a primary objective of education, aimed at breaking the cycle of incarceration that results in recidivism. This article aims to delineate the prison education policies within Indonesian juvenile correctional facilities (LPKA), focusing on regulatory frameworks and their practical implementation. It focuses on the issue of the LPKA's capability in Indonesia to ensure access to education, which is a fundamental right of juvenile inmates, and on whether its benefits can be felt and realized. Data collection methods encompassed interviews, regulatory assessments, institutional report evaluations, and literature reviews. Findings indicate that, despite a 270% decrease in juvenile inmate numbers from 2018 to 2022, only 68% of this population was granted educational access. Contributing factors include specific regulatory constraints on educational access and a lack of innovative collaborations, even with the reduced workload in LPKA. The study advocates for the initiation of formal educational institutions within LPKA, minimizing reliance on the Ministry of Education and allowing for curriculum adaptation to prevailing conditions.
Keywords: Prison Education, Right to Education, Juvenile Correctional Facilities, Juvenile Inmates, Social Rehabilitation
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Christiansen, Mats, Mika Handelsman-Nielsen, and Manijeh Mehdiyar. "THE GRAYING RAINBOW: TRACING LGBTQI AGING IN SCANDINAVIAN LITERATURE." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2023): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2475.
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Abstract Background: There have been several international reviews about aging LGBTQI health and living conditions, but where policy, social insurance, and services differ. The Public Health Agency of Sweden was given a government assignment to review the literature on LGBTI, emphasizing Scandinavian literature. Method: This scoping review includes peer-reviewed literature published in English or Scandinavian languages from January 1, 2012, to May 2022. Literature was searched in PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS), Social Science Database, Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA), and Sociological Abstracts, Sociology Database. Initially, 11,428 articles were found. After removing duplicates using Rayyan and reviewing titles and abstracts, 54 articles were read in full. After the final review, 16 articles remained. Thematic analysis was used to produce themes from the reviewed literature. Findings: The following two themes were identified: Aspects of health and Living conditions. Studies were primarily interpretive. There is a lack of studies about some subgroups of older LGBTQ people in this context; for instance, there are insufficient studies on older lesbian women and gay men. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies on somatic health for older LGBTQ people, generally. Comparatively, albeit in small samples, we better understand trans descriptions of aging than lesbian women and gay men. There were no studies found on intersex individuals. Implications: There remains a paucity of literature regarding the life and living conditions for LGBTQI older adults in Nordic countries.
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Abrams, Laura S., and Christina C. Tam. "Gender Differences in Desistance From Crime: How Do Social Bonds Operate Among Formerly Incarcerated Emerging Adults?" Journal of Adolescent Research 33, no. 1 (December 28, 2016): 34–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558416684955.
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Life course theory suggests that the social bond of marriage can serve as a pivotal turning point toward the termination of criminal activity, particularly for men. Yet limited research has investigated how young adult men and women utilize social bonds forged outside of marriage to facilitate desistance from crime. This study explored gender differences in how formerly incarcerated emerging adults navigate and utilize their social bonds with peers and romantic partners on the journey toward criminal desistance. Two semi-structured qualitative interviews and a social mapping exercise were conducted with 14 emerging adults (seven men and seven women) with extensive histories of juvenile incarceration. With regard to friends, the young women found peer support often inconsistent, leading to an overarching theme of self-reliance. Some of the young men used peer supports with an overarching theme of reciprocity, while others used peer supports very sparingly in order to avoid contact with criminal associations or potential danger. With regard to romantic partnerships, these relationships proved much more supportive of desistance goals for the young men and the contrary was the case for the young women in heterosexual partnerships. These findings add to a growing literature about the process of desistance for emerging adults.
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Hlatshwayo, Mondli. "The Trials and Tribulations of Zimbabwean Precarious Women Workers in Johannesburg: A Cry for Help?" Qualitative Sociology Review 15, no. 1 (May 23, 2019): 62–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.15.1.03.
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There is a growing literature on the conditions of Zimbabwean women working as migrant workers in South Africa, specifically in cities like Johannesburg. Based on in-depth interviews and documentary analysis, this empirical research paper contributes to scholarship examining the conditions of migrant women workers from Zimbabwe employed as precarious workers in Johannesburg by zooming in on specific causes of migration to Johannesburg, the journey undertaken by the migrant women to Johannesburg, challenges of documentation, use of networks to survive in Johannesburg, employment of the women in precarious work, and challenges in the workplace. Rape and sexual violence are threats that face the women interviewed during migration to Johannesburg and even when in Johannesburg. The police who are supposed to uphold and protect the law are often found to be perpetrators involved in various forms of violence against women. In the workplace, the women earn starvation wages and work under poor working conditions. Human rights organizations and trade unions are unable to reach the many migrant women because of the sheer volume of violations against workers’ rights and human rights.
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Khairunnisa, Amna, Divica Ivanka, Haulia Tris Finanda, Lisa Oktavia, Nur Afni Wijaya, M. Abd Rahman, and Nory Natalia. "Juvenile Delinquency That Leads To Declining Mental Health." BICC Proceedings 1 (September 18, 2023): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.47.
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In today's Alpha era, teenagers often forget their role as the next generation of the Indonesian nation. Adolescence is a transition period from child to adult. This time the cause of Indonesian juvenile delinquency greatly increased. One of the attitudes that adolescents should have is knowledge of the ethical values passed down by their ancestors. Social changes and value shifts have affected the development of adolescents, causing the old culture to be left behind due to the emergence of a new culture in the Alpha era. Bullying is everywhere, physical violence against society is carried out by teenagers, bullying, and so on. One of the consequences of social change that causes juvenile delinquency to increase is the shift, the fall of adolescents into deviant behavior that is not by normal values and rules of society. Conditions like this are likely to spread generation as Juvenile Delinquency degrades mental health. One of the factors of juvenile delinquency that causes mental health to decline when bullying is considered right by some adolescents, is weakened moral degradation and reduced family functions and the role of family, and society in fostering adolescents. When the function of these related parties is weakened, there will be disability of adolescents in acting. The purpose of this research is to examine Juvenile Delinquency or juvenile delinquency which causes a decrease in mental health. The method in this research is a literature study (study research), namely collecting various sources and information that can examine juvenile delinquency that causes a decrease in mental health.
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Lane, William A., and Kristie L. Seelman. "The Apparatus of Social Reproduction." Affilia 33, no. 2 (January 10, 2018): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109917747614.
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The apparatus of social reproduction describes the process by which knowledge production contributes to oppressive conditions. This article explains and defines this process through the application of a critical theoretical lens informed the Foucauldian concept of apparatus or dispositif and social reproduction as developed by feminist activists and intellectuals. This process has a notable influence on the political economic conditions of transgender women, conditions that include disproportionate reliance on the use of criminalized economies such as sex work. Social workers inadvertently influence this process through an overreliance on broad categorizations for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer populations, which impede our ability to adequately assess such complex oppressive social relationships. Increasing the profession’s familiarity and competence with critical theory is necessary to reduce our participation in such processes and identify effective interventions for this population. Presenting a review of social work literature and a discussion of the proposed lens, the following seeks to illuminate the apparatus of social reproduction and explain how broad social categorization of transgender women is problematic. The authors recommend the adoption of the proposed lens as a tool social workers can use to better assess their research and practice and better understand the complexities of power and exploitation.
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Kruglova, Elena L., and Marina E. Rodionova. "THE SOCIAL STATUS OF YOUNG MOTHERS IN MODERN RUSSIA." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 1 (2019): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2019-1-124-132.
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Nowadays, in the conditions of global modernization, structural changes in society, lack of sustainable social development, family takes new forms and, therefore, needs studying from a new perspective. Quite a large number of works are devoted to the family as a special sphere of social life, its problems, family relationships, roles within the family. In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to the young family as a special category. However, both in the context of the young family and in studying the problems of women and children, underaged mothers are rarely identified as a separate subject of study. It is the modern young family that is unstable to the greatest extent, precisely this type of family is affected by social cataclysms more than others. A juvenile mother with a child is certainly one of the forms of a young family. It is of great importance to define the social status of such a family. For this purpose, several important indicators have been identified: the level of education, the type of employment, income, housing conditions, prospects and leisure. Unfortunately, a young mother with a child is rarely independent of the immediate environment and the parent family because of her age, so her social status directly depends on the older generation or her husband. At the moment, centers are being created to help women who find themselves in a difficult life situation, which help young mothers to find their place in modern society and raise their child to be a worthy member.
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Saif, Faseeha, and Ahmed Raza. "WOMEN AND CLIMATE CHANGE." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 03 (September 30, 2022): 737–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i03.763.
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The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of women in climate change and how women are affected by climate change. Climate change is certainly a current concern that affects Pakistan and practically every nation. Climate change is becoming more difficult in Pakistan. Those locations where women are forced to provide for their families are most affected, increasing the number of women suffering from health problems. According to the findings of the literature study, climate change is having a particularly negative impact on women. To get this crisis under control, the federal and local governments must work together to ensure that catastrophic conditions are not exacerbated. Keywords: Women, Climate change, Social Impact, Economic Impact, Environmental Impact
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Huang, Yike. "Limits on Women's Power from the Fundamentalist Social System in the Islamic World." Communications in Humanities Research 6, no. 1 (September 14, 2023): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/6/20230114.
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Based on the events in Iran and Afghanistan, which are hotly discussed in the current society, the discussion is carried out to trace the oppression of Islam on women. This essay examines the restrictions placed on women's power by the Islamic world's fundamentalist social structure. On the basis of relevant literature and studies, the contemporary living conditions of Iranian women are evaluated. It has been established that the deeply ingrained social standards of Islam, such as the dominance of men and the inferiority of women to contemporary fundamentalism, severely limit the authority of women and contribute to the low social position of Iranian women. The freedom to choose one's clothing, make new acquaintances, go out, and pursue education are all subject to power limits. However, in the realm of Islam, female consciousness is emerging.
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Mahmoodi, Masoomeh. "Social Criticism on Works of Contemporary Women Story Writers." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.4p.50.
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Goldmann's genetic structuralism approach is one of the literary critique approaches and believes that the literary text are derived from the ideology governing the classes of society, and focuses on study of stories and their structures to know the social structures. A review of the changes made in the themes and subjects of the works of the Iranian story writers that most of them are from the middle class of society, indicates the growth of awareness and understanding of Iranian women about their identity and individuality and the achievement of conditions beyond what they are. Although in popular stories, most Iranian female storytellers are still interested in the reproduction of traditional gender stereotypes, but female storywriters in the field of transcendental literature have entered the changes made in their cognitive realm to the actions of characters of their stories. This reveals that they seek to understand their own self and place in the world around them. Love and loneliness resulted by the confrontation between men and women are a common theme in these works that have been narrated on the various issues arising from the family and social relationships of women.
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Forest, Kay B. "GENDER AND THE PATHWAYS TO SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 24, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1996.24.1.19.
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The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in the pathways to life satisfaction and happiness. The analysis focused on the effects of undesirable events and the intervening influences of subjective assessments and social statuses. Using GSS(NORC) date from 1987–1990 (women=915 and men=700) findings suggest that men and women are more similar than different in their responses to undesirable life events. Modifying influences, however, appear to reject some gender-role effects. Women also experienced a persistent influence from distal events on life satisfaction, while men were more responsive to recent conditions in terms of global happiness. Overall, there was mixed support for gender differences found elsewhere in the life events literature.
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Alamsyah, Devy Kurnia, Widya Husein, and Yenni Hayati. "Kritik Sosial dalam Naskah Drama West Side Story karya Arthur Laurents: Kajian Sosiologi Sastra." Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 10, no. 2 (July 3, 2022): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jbs.v10i2.117410.
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Literary works are often used as a medium to criticize and explain social problems experienced by society. One of these literary works is the drama script West Side Story by Arthur Laurenst. This study focuses on the criticism of several social problems described in the play West Side Story. This study uses the method of content analysis of literary texts which are then interpreted by researchers. Research data sourced from the play West Side Story was collected using the library research method. Through analysis with the Sociology of Literature approach which focuses on sociological aspects in a work, it is found that there is a critique of social problems described in the play West Wide Story. The criticism is related to the problem of poverty which leads to violence and deprivation; juvenile delinquency in the form of immoral acts as a result of family disharmony; wars that cause damage to the natural environment; and degrading and harassing women.
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Mikhaylin, Yevgeniy Sergeyevich, Lada Anatolyevna Ivanova, Aleksey Gennadyevich Savitskiy, Larisa Pavlovna Zhibura, Igor Borisovich Dementsov, Darya Semenovna Kasyanova, Anna Gennadyevna Minina, and Syuzanna Araratovna Davutyan. "Clinical and social characteristics of adolescent women who gave birth in the framework of the specialized program on management of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescents." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 63, no. 2 (June 15, 2014): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd63242-49.
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The article describes the clinical and social characteristics of pregnant adolescent women who gave birth in Maternity hospital N 10 in 2013 in the framework of the specialized city Program on management of pregnancy and childbirth in adolescents “Young mother”. It is shown that the frequency of complications of pregnancy and childbirth in the juvenile patients observed in the framework of the specialized Programs for pregnant adolescents, was lower than according to the literature, or these complications were easier. It was also noted the absence of perinatal mortality and abandoned children in the patients of the Program. It is shown that implementation of the comprehensive medical, medical-social, psychological and legal assistance to young pregnant girls in a specialized Center for pregnant adolescents can improve the outcomes of pregnancies and quality of medical care for such a difficult category of patients, as pregnant teenage girls.
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Lassek, William D., and Steven J. C. Gaulin. "Do the Low WHRs and BMIs Judged Most Attractive Indicate Higher Fertility?" Evolutionary Psychology 16, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 147470491880006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704918800063.
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We examine the widely accepted view that very low waist–hip ratios and low body mass indices (BMIs) in women in well-nourished populations are judged attractive by men because these features reliably indicate superior fertility. In both subsistence and well-nourished populations, relevant studies of fertility do not support this view. Rather studies indicate lower fertility in women with anthropometric values associated with high attractiveness. Moreover, low maternal BMI predisposes to conditions that compromise infant survival. Consistent with these findings from the literature, new data from a large U.S. sample of women past reproductive age show that women with lower BMIs in the late teens had fewer live births, controlling for education, marital history, and race. They also had later menarche and earlier menopause compared with women with higher youth BMIs. In addition, data from the 2013 U.S. natality database show that mothers with lower prepregnancy BMIs have an increased risk of producing both low-birth-weight and preterm infants controlling for other relevant variables—conditions that would have adversely affected fitness over almost all of human evolution. Thus, a review of the relevant literature and three new tests fail to support the view that highly attractive women are more fertile.
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Martins, Fábio, David Oppolzer, Catarina Santos, Mário Barroso, and Eugenia Gallardo. "Opioid Use in Pregnant Women and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome—A Review of the Literature." Toxics 7, no. 1 (February 16, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7010009.
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Opiate use during pregnancy has been an increasing problem over the last two decades, making it an important social and health concern. The use of such substances may have serious negative outcomes in the newborn, and clinical and cognitive conditions have been reported, including neonatal abstinence syndrome, developmental problems, and lower cognitive performance. These conditions are common when opiates are used during pregnancy, making the prescription of these kinds of drugs problematic. Moreover, the mother may develop opiate addiction, thus, increasing the likelihood of the infant being born with any of those conditions. This paper reviews the use of opiates during pregnancy and focuses mainly on the neonatal abstinence syndrome. First, the commonly prescribed opiates will be identified, namely those usually involved in cases of addiction and/or neonatal abstinence syndrome. Second, published approaches to deal with those problems will be presented and discussed, including the treatment of both the mother and the infant. Finally, we will outline the treatments that are safest and most efficient, and will define future goals, approaches, and research directions for the scientific community regarding this problem.
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Ramadan, Muhammad. "THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL COMMUNITY CONTROLS ON INCREASING SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN." IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2018): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ijcls.v3i2.17292.
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Women are creatures of God Almighty who must be protected, even though gender equality has been done with men. Therefore women must be protected from all forms of intimidation, harassment, exploitation, violence both physically and psychologically. Because the nature of women in the eyes of the social and religious eyes have differences with men, as the nature of women is the weakest god creature. Even in law, women have different protections compared to men. This writing is in the form of descriptive narrative which means describing using available legal materials which are then processed based on the theories obtained and using normative methods based on library studies, namely by collecting various kinds of literature consisting of books, journals, and documents others relating to violence and sexual harassment and social control of these crimes. Sexual crime experienced by women in Indonesia is caused by the weak social control in the community that makes the bond of social ties not well established, causing women to be lower in the eyes of the perpetrators who commit violence against women. report the actions that occur, thus there will be omission of these conditions so as to make the perpetrators freely commit sexual violence against women. Therefore the role of community social control is very necessary to protect women.
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Susanti, R. Hariyani. "Literary Works Empowering Social Movements: A Doll's House & Bumi Manusia Analysis in Norwegian-Indonesian Feminism." Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya 13, no. 1 (June 29, 2023): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/lensa.13.1.2023.119-134.
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This article explores the role that literature plays in social movements, particularly in the gender equality movement such as women’s autonomy in social settings. By comparing two literary works, A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen and Bumi Manusia by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, the article investigates the impact of literature on the first wave of the feminist movement in Norway in 1879 and the portrayal of women's conditions in Indonesia at the time. The research employed qualitative research methods such as content analysis and discourse analysis, as well as comparative analysis of the two literary works. The research found that A Doll’s House played a significant role in the Norwegian feminist movement and gave women confidence and the awareness that they were not merely puppets for men, but human beings whose voices needed to be heard. Similarly, Bumi Manusia showed resistance and awareness of the oppression faced by Indonesian women, highlighting the role of literature in promoting equality movements. These important literary works demonstrate the power of literature in documenting, retelling, and raising awareness of people's stories, ultimately reaching a larger audience.
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K, Boomari. "Social Structure in Asara Kovai." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-8 (July 20, 2022): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s824.
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The main purpose of moral literature is to state the virtues that are considered essential to human life. The general nature of the scriptures is to dictate to do these things and to forbid them to do these things. Through such texts one can not only know the concepts, but also the social, cultural and civilization that was in the case at the time the texts arose. In this way one can know the morals necessary for daily life and understand the social structure that was in vogue in the context of that time through Asarakovai, one of the eleven books. The status of social elites, including the aristocracy of society, the so-called lower castes, kings, and women. The relevant structures are recorded in the Asarakovai. It is also possible to realize that such social conditions were the case before the time of Asarakova. Knowing the social structures in the ancient tamil literature will help us to know the way of life of the ancient tamilians and to realize that they continue in today's life
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Cooper, Margaret, and Dianne Temby. "Towards Healthy Ageing of Women with Long Term Disabilities." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 3 (1998): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98038.
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Women with longterm or lifelong disabilities are invisible in Australian statistics on disabilities or ageing. Current literature indicates unrecognised and untreated secondary conditions may lead to increased disability. Definitions of disability are explored for their relevance to the experience of women with disabilities and for health promotion within this group. A Victorian study included anecdotal accounts by some women with disabilities which identified both a knowledge of the wider meaning of health, and specific social issues which prevented their achievement of maximum wellbeing. Strategies are suggested for enabling women with disabilities to age more healthily.
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Maryani, Eni, and Justito Adiprasetio. "Magdalene.co Sebagai Media Advokasi Perempuan." Jurnal ILMU KOMUNIKASI 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jik.v14i1.836.
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The subordination of women intertwined with patriarchy culture in the society. Magdalene.co is one of online media to advocate women. The study tries to reveal Magdalane.co’s creative efforts in undertaking gender-sensitive journalism and advocacy journalism for women. Content analysis, interviews, and literature studies are conducted for collecting data. The results show that Magdalene. co offers new values and perspectives on women and raises range of issues including religion, beliefs, lifestyles, and social conditions. However, class bias is still evident in their articles, discussed issues are limited to public domain, and it is inconsistent in changing stereotype of women.
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Hanley, Jill, Lindsay Larios, Alexandra Ricard-Guay, Francesca Meloni, and Cécile Rousseau. "Pregnant and undocumented: taking work into account as a social determinant of health." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 16, no. 2 (April 9, 2020): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-04-2019-0046.
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Purpose It is well understood that women’s work situations are critical to their well-being during pregnancy and in terms of potential risks to the fetus. It has also long been known that undocumented women workers face particularly difficult work conditions and being undocumented precludes access to key social benefits (i.e. public health insurance, paid maternity leave, child benefits and subsidized daycare) that support pregnant women and new mothers. Yet, this paper aims to write about the intersection of undocumented women’s pregnancy with work experiences. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the results of a broader qualitative study that was focussed on access to healthcare for undocumented (and therefore, uninsured) women who were pregnant and gave birth in Montreal, Canada, the authors begin this paper with a review of the relevant literature for this topic related to the work conditions of undocumented women, how work exacerbates barriers to accessing healthcare and the resulting health outcomes, particularly in relation to pregnancy. The authors highlight the social determinants of health human rights framework (Solar and Irwin, 2010), before presenting methodology. In conclusion, the authors discuss how an understanding of undocumented women’s work situations sheds light on their pregnancy experiences. Findings The authors then present participants’ work conditions before becoming pregnant, working conditions while pregnant and employment options and pressures after giving birth. Originality/value The authors emphasize that attention to undocumented pregnant women’s work situations might help health and social service practitioners to better serve their needs at this critical point in a woman’s life and at the beginning of the life of their children, born as full citizens.
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Aiello, Emilia, Jelen Amador-López, Ariadna Munté-Pascual, and Teresa Sordé-Martí. "Grassroots Roma Women Organizing for Social Change: A Study of the Impact of ‘Roma Women Student Gatherings’." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (July 27, 2019): 4054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154054.
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Scientific literature has focused on the constraints that Roma women have faced to overcome the racism and inequalities that they and the Roma people as a whole have suffered. However, less attention has been paid to how Roma women organize to challenge this reality. Drawing on a qualitative case study about the Roma Association of Women Drom Kotar Mestipen (Barcelona) and specifically on the analysis of one of its activities, the ‘Roma women student gatherings’ (known as ‘Trobades’ in Catalan), this article contributes evidence to show how Roma women are fighting to improve their own living conditions and those of their people by organizing at the grassroots level. The communicative analysis reveals the impacts that these gatherings have on the individual and societal levels. First, the gatherings have impacts on the individual level, as many of the women who participate in them are exposed to and embrace new educational projects, thus acquiring more skills to be better prepared to later access the labor market. Second, their impact is also evidenced on the societal level, as the gatherings enhance Roma women’s associational life, resulting in new mobilizations and often making women who were once in the shadows become community leaders.
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Nur Afni Wijaya and Fadhilla Yusri. "Juvenile Delinquency yang Menyebabkan Menurunnya Attitude Siswa SMK S Pembangunan Bukittinggi." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD) 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jurdikbud.v4i1.2793.
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In today's Alpha era, teenagers have forgotten their role as the next generation of the nation and the State of Indonesia. Adolescence is a transition period from child to adult. This time is the cause of Indonesian juvenile delinquency greatly increased. The purpose of this study is to examine Juvevile Delinquency or juvenile delinquency that causes a decrease in adolescent Etitude. One of the attitudes that adolescents must have is knowledge of ethical values passed down by ancestors. Social changes and value shifts have affected the development of adolescents, causing the old culture to be left behind due to the emergence of a new culture in the Alpha era. Bulliying is everywhere, physical violence against the community is carried out by teenagers, speaking inappropriately to both older and younger, turning their backs on kato nan ampek, bullying and so on. One of the consequences of social change that causes juvenile delinquency to increase is the shift, the fall of adolescents into deviant behavior that is not in accordance with normal values and social rules. Conditions like this do not rule out the possibility of pervasive genegration with the designation Juvevile Delinquency lowering the Etitude of children in the community. One of the factors of juvenile delinquency that causes Etitude to decline when the way of communication practiced by the gods does not reflect good communication, speaking loudly and using harsh and harsh language and is considered correct by some adolescents, weakening moral degradation and reduced family functions and the role of the family, and society in fostering adolescents. When the functions of these related parties are weakened, there will be defects in the actions of adolescents. The method in this research is a literature study (study research), which collects various sources and information that can examine juvenile delinquency that causes a decrease in adolescent ethics. The expected result in this research is to create teenagers who have good ethics in communication which is expected in a positive social environment and in accordance with applicable norms. Hopefully this can provide positive teaching for all of us.
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Rohrbach, Philipp. "Life Stories of Children of Black US Occupation Soldiers and Austrian Women." Journal of Austrian Studies 56, no. 4 (December 2023): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/oas.2023.a914876.
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Abstract: This article focuses on a key chapter of contemporary Black Austrian history, namely the life stories of those individuals who were born to Black US soldiers and White Austrian women between 1945 and 1956. It offers a brief overview of the social conditions in which these persons were born, discussing how the mothers met the fathers, the conditions in which the children grew up, and their often long and difficult search for a usable identity. In the concluding section the article briefly surveys the work conducted in the field to date in order to discern the lacunae that require attention in future research.
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Ahmetoglu, Gorkan, and Viren Swami. "Do Women Prefer “Nice Guys”? The Effect of Male Dominance Behavior on Women's Ratings of Sexual Attractiveness." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 40, no. 4 (May 1, 2012): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.4.667.
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We examined whether or not different behavioral expressions of dominance by a male affected how introverted and extraverted women rated his sexual attractiveness. We assessed 81 women on the extraversion scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire–Revised Short Scale (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1991), and they then watched a 1-minute silent video of a male confederate in 3 dominance conditions (closed body posture [low], open body posture [medium], and open body posture with gesticulation [high]) and rated the male for sexual attractiveness. Results showed that higher dominance behavior significantly increased the confederate's attractiveness, accounting for 10% of the variance in attractiveness ratings. However, the women's personalities appeared to have no significant effect on these ratings. These results are discussed in relation to extant literature on the phenomenon that women do not select “nice guys” in preference to other men.
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Amriyati, Amriyati, Siti Nurbaiti, Masri Rumita, and Fraya Layola Nainggolan. "Women Worker Protection: A Systematic Review On Maternity Protection In Indonesia." Devotion Journal of Community Service 4, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 392–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/devotion.v4i2.394.
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Implementing maternity protection at the workplace is found significant benefits and cost savings to businesses, but many young women workers in garment factories in Indonesia remained vulnerable within their maternity period. This research was focused on why to have a clear and comprehensive overview on the need of women workers protection; how is women worker maternity protected. Through a Systematic Literature Review, data base was obtained through seven prominent publishers by writing key words “women worker protection and maternity protection”; inclusive articles were sorted by publication time 2012 – 2022; and the considerations of specific relevance of the article with this research questions. Other literature sources were also used to be added for more comprehensive literature review for the the research questions. It was found that breastfeeding was neglected by 33.6 million young working women in Indonesia, which costed US$1.5–9.4 billion annually, despite the prescription of the Constitution that worker shall have humane livelihood; fair treatment, and human dignity, in line with ILO and the SDG. Rights and measures on family leave, maternity leave, childcare and family services, social security and working conditions provisions will resulted in improved work performance, enhance female workers loyalty and reduce turnover. State shall more tightly supervise on the implementation of Law for protection of women worker rights and employer’s social solidarity, communality, and brotherhood
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PROF. KONG JULAN. "A Comparative Study of the Short stories by Chinese Writer Rou Shi “A Slave Mother” and Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi “Sons & Daughters”." DARYAFT 16, no. 01 (June 26, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52015/daryaft.v16i01.393.
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By comparing Rou Shi’s and Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi’s short stories, it is surprising to find that these two well-known authors, though living in different countries, have created works with very similar meanings. In revealing sufferings and miseries of women of the underclass, they have uncovered the common social problems brought about by poverty, ignorance, and outmoded conventions and customs. In the semi-feudalist society, women from both countries are all in a very humble position: they are deprived of their own social position, thus becoming lambs to be slaughtered, belongings of their husbands, and victims of poverty and backwardness. In their works, both authors unveiled the miserable and inhumane conditions of women, demonstrated the tragic life of working women of that time, condemned tortures and torments brought to women by the unfair social system, and offered their deep sympathy to poor peasants, especially toiling women. This study underscores the enduring relevance of literature in exposing and critiquing societal inequities, offering poignant insights into the shared struggles of women navigating oppressive systems across different national contexts.
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Garza, Ray, Farid Pazhoohi, and Jennifer Byrd-Craven. "Women’s Preferences for Strong Men Under Perceived Harsh Versus Safe Ecological Conditions." Evolutionary Psychology 19, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 147470492110323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14747049211032351.
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Ecological conditions provide information about available resources for one’s environment. In humans, this has been shown to influence reproductive behavior, as individuals may engage in trade-offs between partner quality and investment. For instance, many women may trade-off preferences for men with physical features indicative of social dominance and health over physical features indicative of commitment and investment. The current study explored women’s preferences for formidable men under safe vs. harsh ecological conditions. Across three studies, U.S. university women ( N = 1,098) were randomly assigned to a perceived harsh or safe ecological condition. They were asked to rate the attractiveness of men’s body types (i.e., muscular vs. less muscular). Findings revealed that in general, women rated stronger men as more attractive than weaker men irrespective of the ecological condition. Evidence for preference as a function of ecology appeared only when a two-alternative forced-choice task was used (Study 3), but not in rating tasks (Studies 1 and 2). Study 3 showed that women had a relatively stronger preference for stronger men for short-term relationships in a resource scarce ecological condition. This research provides some evidence that perceived ecological conditions can drive women’s preferences for men with enhanced secondary sex characteristics as a function of mating context. These findings are consistent with previous research indicating the importance of physical characteristics in men’s attractiveness, and it adds to the existing literature on ecological factors and mating preferences.
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Widyaningrum, Indiwara Pandu. "The World Literature and Women’s Voice in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye (1970) and Han Kang’s The Vegetarian (2007)." Journal of Language and Literature 21, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v21i1.2937.
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This study seeks to investigate the women’s voice in the world literature depicted by ethnic female authors from African-American and Korean descent. Gaining international recognition in the world literature, Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eyes (1970) and Han Kang’s The Vegetarian (2007) reveal different social-cultural conditions about how women are presented in their respective nation. Morrison presents the life of colored women struggling with racial discrimination in the predominant white society. Meanwhile, Kang employs the symbolic food of meat and vegetarianism to reveal the women’s voice against social conformity. Applying écriture feminine or women’s writing in the analysis, both Toni Morrison and Han Kang scrutinize the stereotypical representation of women as passive, obedient, and lacking. In examining the two works, some steps were done: 1) having close reading towards the text to analyze the representation of women; 2) doing the socio-cultural analysis in connection to the women’s voice; 3) drawing the conclusion about the significance of world literature to the women’s voice. This study finds that the world literature has its significant contribution as the windows for global readers to understand women’s issues portrayed in two different nations. Not only to present women’s voice, ethnic female authors such as Toni Morrison and Han Kang indeed share the local culture through their novels. With this condition, the world literature enables to break the barriers of male Western authors as the center by offering room for female writers from non-Western countries.
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Shockley, Tiffiny, and Darrell Norman Burrell. "Economic, Cultural, Social Determinants of Black Women Obesity." Business Ethics and Leadership 8, no. 1 (April 3, 2024): 234–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.61093/bel.8(1).234-245.2024.
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Obesity is a widespread problem in the United States, particularly affecting Black communities. It is a public health problem, a long-term, cumulative issue of economic and social justice and inequality for this demographic group. Thus, the key to solving it is to eliminate persistent structural root causes. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2022, the prevalence of obesity among African American adults is 49.5%, with Black women having the highest prevalence compared to other racial and ethnic groups. The main purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive literature review that examines the multifaceted factors contributing to obesity among African American women, as well as systematise the determinants related to the economic well-being of the community, social factors, cultural patterns of lifestyle in the community, etc. The analysis revealed a clear inverse relationship between income and obesity among African Americans, with this trend being particularly pronounced among women than men and differing across age groups in black communities. The economic determinants of obesity in Black women are related to the fact that low-income households have limited access to affordable and nutritious food and are regularly exposed to stress related to financial difficulties, with so-called “food swamps” and “food deserts” being common in low-income areas. The social determinants of obesity are related to the fact that Black women face higher levels of racism and sexism than other demographic groups, and unequal social conditions cause structural disparities in health, education and employment. Psycho-social and cultural determinants (cultural norms of body image, social influencers, religion, social networks and family upbringing, etc.) play a key role in the emergence of the problem under study, so Black women often model their eating and physical activity habits by cultural traditions, and those who struggle with overweight may face stigma, social isolation and discrimination. The article makes recommendations for reducing obesity among Black women, which primarily relate to the development of culturally sensitive nutrition education programs, community-based health promotion programs, community-centered food policy advocacy, technology-based health platforms, public-private partnerships for affordable healthy food retail, etc.
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Каблукова and Yuliya Kablukova. "Evaluation of Medical and Social Factors Affecting Reproductive Health of Gipsy Women." Journal of New Medical Technologies 21, no. 1 (June 4, 2014): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3325.
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Examination of literary sources on the state of reproductive health of Gipsy women showed that this ethnic group calls for closer attention on the part of health care professionals due to health problems typical for this group, conditioned by negative factors of their lifestyle and inadequate use of health care resources (especially in terms of preventive care). The women of Gipsy nationality who has reached the reproductive age are to be referred to a risk group due to possible negative birth outcomes, such as preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction of the fetus, small-for-gestational-age fetus. The majority of studies were conducted in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. No data on reproductive health of the Gipsy people was found in Russian literature. . Growing number of the Gipsies living in Russian territory makes the issue of studying health conditions of reproductive age women belonging to this ethnic group for the purpose of providing positive birth outcomes burning. Based on the studied data it is worth mentioning that the Gipsy women call for careful attention on the part of medical workers when receiving prenatal and postnatal help in respect of increased risk of a negative birth outcome.
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Yeröz, Huriye. "Manifestations of social class and agency in cultural capital development processes." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 5 (August 13, 2019): 900–918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-03-2018-0146.
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Purpose While migrant women entrepreneurs (MWE) have been studied extensively through the lenses of gender and ethnicity, social class, as an axis of difference, received scant attention in entrepreneurship and migrant enterprise literature. The purpose of this paper is to make an intersectional analysis on migrant women’s cultural capital development processes on the basis of not only gender and ethnicity, but also class relations. Design/methodology/approach The study draws on empirical insights generated through listening to the life story narratives of 17 women entrepreneurs from Turkey. This is a small, yet diverse group consisting of women who followed their male kin who have migrated to Sweden in the late 1960s as a labour force, and of highly educated political refugee women who have migrated to Sweden following the military coup in Turkey in the 1980s. Findings By linking pre-migration and post-migration lives through Bourdieusian class analysis, the analysis yielded three distinct types of habitus of the women-intersectional identity constructed through interweaving of certain historical and cultural practices and conditions, labelled as women (immigrant) entrepreneurs, migrant (women) entrepreneurs and hybrid entrepreneurs. Life stories demonstrated the ways the MWE relationally defined, and in turn, contested being the right kind of entrepreneur drawing on their type of habitus and forms of cultural capital within the rules of the game in the specific context of entrepreneurship. Originality/value This study shows how MWE generate diverse, yet at times similar, but historically and culturally conditioned responses in actively shaping the relationship between entrepreneurial resources and context-specific structural powers and aspects. This way, the study calls for enriching the extant debate on migrant women entrepreneurship in two ways. First, it suggests that the strategic fit between resources and opportunities does not entail an automatic and arbitrary process. Rather, it takes an effort and contestation carried out by the entrepreneurial actors, among whom the individual entrepreneur is the primary actor. In particular, it draws attention to the conditions of possibilities for agency as a result of struggle and intersectional power relations: social class, ethnicity and gender, which provide a differential degree of powers to the individual entrepreneur.
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Colovic, Ana, and Sonia Mehrotra. "Lifelong activism and women’s entrepreneurship: how a social movement organization improves conditions for self-employed women in India." European Business Review 32, no. 5 (June 13, 2020): 937–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-09-2019-0215.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how a local trade union improves living conditions for women entrepreneurs in India and how its activities have evolved over time. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a longitudinal case study of the self-employed women’s association (SEWA) in India. Founded in 1972, this organization fosters and supports women’s entrepreneurship. The approach of this study combines qualitative face-to-face interviews and secondary data analysis. Findings The findings highlight the fact that SEWA, which combines the features of a trade union and a social movement, improves women’s conditions in several different ways. The study shows that the organization’s main role has evolved from creating a community to expanding it and finally to becoming an agent of societal change. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by analyzing how locally grown organizations fight social exclusion and improve the conditions of deprived groups in emerging economies.
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Maqsood, Dr Naila. "A Depiction of Indian Muslim Women’s Plight in Culture and Literature Around the Mid-Eighteen Century." Journal of Law & Social Studies 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52279/jlss.04.01.8697.
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This paper locates the Muslim women’s social conditions particularly in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent which largely arose out of two sources; a) evolution of Islam and development of several schools of jurisprudence; b) Muslim’s contact with the Indian culture. Over several centuries, more particularly from the early 13th century onward (by this time, Muslim Turkish rule had been established in India), and the impact of Bhakti movement both on Hindus and Muslims and spread of teachings of Guru Nanak and Bhagat Kabir, Muslims came to adopt many of the Hindu notions and practices. This was in addition to attitudes that came with them by their conversion to Islam. The first part of the paper deals with the effects of Hindu culture regarding status of women on Muslims. The second part of the paper discusses the plight of Muslim women in literature i.e Punjab folk lore of Heer Ranjha. It tries to convey the thoughts on several social customs, particularly emphasizing the various aspects of women’s life. The third part provides the ethnographic evidence which confirms that women, particularly in rural areas, have faced low status and problem connected with rapes, marriages, dowry, and divorces, etc. With solidification of customs, discrimination against a female endures through centuries. As a result, Muslim women were become socially backward, economically susceptible, and politically marginalized segment of society.
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Ristanović, Irena Kolaj. "Muslim and Christian Women in the Principality of Serbia in 19th Century: Between Religious Law, State Regulations, Tradition and Stereotypes." Journal of Balkan Studies 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.51331/a013.
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The impression of family priority and social community over individual and married couple is in a relation with the cultural identity of individual. As term culture is defined as form of human knowledge, beliefs and behavior, but identity refers us to commonality and equality, we can say that identity of Muslim women in marriage was based on elements of Sharia Law, so belonging to Muslim community: umma and Christian (Orthodox) women on belonging to a church community and implementation of tradition, beliefs and customs of the community. Social-political atmosphere in the Principality of Serbia in XIX. century brought changes to relations of Christians marriage, but had no influence on Muslim population. This work has a goal to analyze and compare basic conditions on which women step into marriage in XIX. century: elements of Sharia Family Law (Muslim women) and church canons and state laws (Christian women). The paper includes interdisciplinary approach to research, use of primary historical sources of Serbian and Ottoman provenance, so relevant literature.
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Agthe, Maria, Daniela Niesta Kayser, Sascha Schwarz, and Jon K. Maner. "Antecedents of the red-romance effect: Men’s attractiveness and women’s fertility." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (April 11, 2023): e0284035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284035.
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The color red has been implicated in a variety of social processes, including those involving mating. While previous research suggests that women sometimes wear red strategically to increase their attractiveness, the replicability of this literature has been questioned. The current research is a reasonably powered conceptual replication designed to strengthen this literature by testing whether women are more inclined to display the color red 1) during fertile (as compared with less fertile) days of the menstrual cycle, and 2) when expecting to interact with an attractive man (as compared with a less attractive man and with a control condition). Analyses controlled for a number of theoretically relevant covariates (relationship status, age, the current weather). Only the latter hypothesis received mixed support (mainly among women on hormonal birth control), whereas results concerning the former hypothesis did not reach significance. Women (N = 281) displayed more red when expecting to interact with an attractive man; findings did not support the prediction that women would increase their display of red on fertile days of the cycle. Findings thus suggested only mixed replicability for the link between the color red and psychological processes involving romantic attraction. They also illustrate the importance of further investigating the boundary conditions of color effects on everyday social processes.
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Phillips, Matthew J., Peta L. Dzidic, and Emily L. Castell. "Exploring and Critiquing Women’s Academic Identity in Higher Education: A Narrative Review." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221096145.
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Academia has been characterized as traditional, hierarchical, and selective, founded on patriarchal, imperial, and colonial values that construct and maintain gendered roles and regulations. This has been proposed to disadvantage how women experience, and identify within, academia. A narrative review was conducted to review the literature on women’s academic identities and experiences, and critique the dominant ways of knowing, being, and doing in academia. Thematic synthesis was conducted on 56 qualitative studies (published 2010–2019), illustrating the impact of these values on women’s academic identities and experiences, and normative gendered stereotypes and practices that impact women academics. Furthermore, existing literature is critiqued, exploring the influence of dominant ways of being and knowing (on how questions are asked, the constructs explored, the design decisions made). By providing this commentary, future research can focus on problematizing the system and dismantling the problematic conditions (e.g., underrepresentation, discrimination, and gendered stereotyping) for women in academia.
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Taylor, Harry O. "SOCIAL ISOLATION, LONELINESS, AND MEN'S HEALTH." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.781.
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Abstract Strong and fulfilling relationships are important components of men’s health and well-being across the life course; however, social isolation and loneliness are important but under-assessed conditions among older men. This is important to note because older men often subscribe to common masculinity themes regarding independence and self-sufficiency which places them at greater risk for social isolation and loneliness in comparison to older women. The purpose of this presentation is to review the social isolation and loneliness literature specifically among older men by 1) discussing gender differences, and the potential mechanisms behind these differences, in social isolation and loneliness, 2) examining health, behavioral and physiological effects of social isolation and loneliness specifically among older men, and 3) providing future research directions for understanding social isolation and loneliness among older men including understanding social isolation and loneliness and their associative outcomes among diverse samples of older men.
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Kitching, Beverley M., and Pamela A. Jackson. "Female Entrepreneurs in a Transitional Economy." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 3, no. 2 (May 2002): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000002101299132.
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Many questions can be raised about the position of women in business in China. Has the reform period given women greater opportunities to enhance their economic and social status? What proportion of new small businesses are owned by women and how does the situation in China compare with that in other countries? Are women involved in large businesses? Are women in managerial positions in private business? Are women as motivated as men to achieve managerial positions? Do men and women in China manage businesses differently? Do men and women have different personnel management styles? What are the career options? Are women subject to discrimination and harassment in the workplace? Does the ‘glass ceiling’ exist in China? Are the issues of concern for Chinese businesswomen similar to those of businesswomen elsewhere or are their experiences determined more by specifically Chinese social and economic conditions? These questions are being examined through ongoing research conducted in Yunnan province in south-west China and in Shanghai and Suzhou in eastern China using literature search, questionnaire survey and structured interviews with women working in both state-owned and private business.
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Dowsley, Martha, Shari Gearheard, Noor Johnson, and Jocelyn Inksetter. "Should we turn the tent? Inuit women and climate change." Études/Inuit/Studies 34, no. 1 (January 25, 2011): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/045409ar.
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Abstract Most of the climate change literature for Arctic Canada in the social sciences has focused on men’s knowledge and experiences. Drawing on research from Qikiqtarjuaq and Clyde River, Nunavut, we explore Inuit women’s perspectives on recent environmental changes, many of which are often attributed to climate change by Inuit or others. We divide issues resulting from environmental change into primary and secondary effects. Primary effects are changes in environmental features that affect, for example, hunting, fishing, and travelling. Secondary effects occur in the community as a result of environmental change. These include changes in the use and condition of country products like seal skins, and the psychological and social impact of environmental changes, such as going out on the land less often due to fear of dangerous conditions. We also offer a preliminary discussion on women’s role in responses to climate change, through their often dominant economic and political roles in their communities, the territory, and various wider global governance fora. Our research indicates that gender helps shape Inuit knowledge of environmental change, as well as social responses to perceptions of change. By examining women’s perceptions of environmental change, we draw attention to the social aspects and also highlight how women can contribute to adaptation, not only to physical changes but also to the resulting social changes.
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Ayuseptiwi, Yuan Malista, and Nita Widiati. "Patologi Sosial dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Karya Narapidana Perempuan dan Pemanfaatanya sebagai Alternatif Sumber Bahan Ajar Apresiasi Sastra Di SMA." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 1, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 1065–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v1i82021p1065-1080.
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Abstract: This study intends to portray the social pathology contained in a collection of short stories that contain different experiences of women prisoners. To be specific, the focal points of this study are (1) the type of social pathology contained in the collection of short stories by women prisoners, (2) the variables that cause social pathology in the collection of short stories by women prisoners, (3) the utilization of the collection of short stories by women prisoners as an alternative material for the appreciation of literary learning in high school. This study is a qualitative research using descriptive method to see how the social pathology in the collection of short stories by women prisoners by analyzing the collection of short stories. The results of this study indicate that the forms of social pathology contained in this collection of short stories by women prisoners are: 1) crime, 2) gambling, (3) drugs, and, (4) juvenile delinquency. The factors that cause the occurrence of social pathology contained in the collection of short stories by women prisoners consist of 4 (four) things, namely (1) economic factor, (2) family factor, (3) social environmental factor, and (4) psychological factor. This collection of short stories can be used as an alternative source of teaching material because it meets the criteria for a learning material, such as socio-cultural background, psychological aspect, and linguistic aspect.
Keywords: social pathology; short stories; literature learning
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan patologi sosial yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen yang memuat beragam pengalaman dari para naripadana perempuan. Fokus dalam penelitian ini, yaitu (1) bentuk patologi sosial yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen karya narapidana perempuan, (2) faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya patologi sosial dalam kumpulan cerpen karya narapidana perempuan, (3) pemanfaatan kumpulan cerpen karya narapidana perempuan sebagai alternatif sumber bahan ajar apresiasi pembelajaran sastra di SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk melihat bagaimana patologi sosial dalam kumpulan cerpen karya narapida perempuan dengan menganalisis kumpulan cerpen tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk patologi sosial yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen karya narapidana perempuan ini adalah: 1) kriminalitas, 2) perjudian, (3) narkoba, dan, (4) kenakalan remaja. Faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya patologi sosial yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen karya narapidana perempuan terdiri atas 4 (empat) hal yakni (1) faktor ekonomi, (2) faktor keluarga, (3) faktor lingkungan sosial, dan (4) faktor psikologis. Kumpulan cerpen ini dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif sumber bahan ajar karena memenuhi kriteria pemilihan bahan pembelajaran, serperti latar sosial budaya, aspek psikologis, dan aspek kebahasaannya.
Kata kunci: patologi sosial; kumpulan cerpen; pembelajaran sastra
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Iwanicka, Aleksandra, and Ewelina Soroka. "The role of social media in the process of shaping the “body cult” among young women." Current Problems of Psychiatry 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cpp-2020-0002.
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AbstractIntroduction: The purpose of this article is to analyse the phenomenon of “body cult” as well as psychological and social factors conditioning its occurrence among young women. Particular attention was paid to the role of social media and an attempt was made to indicate possible preventive measures to promote health-popularising behaviour towards the body among high school students.Materials and methods: On the basis of the review of the available literature, developmental conditions of the adolescence period and research results on the subject were presented.Results: The paper presents the role of social media in the context of shaping behaviours related to “body cult”.Conclusions: The content presented on blogs and social networks put pressure on young women to cultivate the physical characteristics of a person. In this perspective, excessive focus on striving for the perfect figure can lead to the development of anti-health behaviour. Further research is definitely needed.
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Roselló Peñaloza, Miguel, Pablo Gómez Fuentealba, and Patricia Castillo Gallardo. "Sex differences and the influence of social factors in a Chilean urban psychiatric hospital population." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 64, no. 2 (December 25, 2017): 166–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764017748343.
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Background: The epidemiological literature has reported differences by sex in the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses. However, we know little about how other socio-demographic factors participate in these differences. Aim: To identify the socio-demographic factors that correlate with prevalent psychiatric diagnoses in women and men in a Chilean urban psychiatric hospital population. Method: Socio-demographic information (age, educational level, marital status, family group and work status), psychiatric diagnoses and sex of the population were collected for 3,920 patients of a tertiary care hospital during a period of 8 years (2007–2014). The data were subjected to bivariate and multivariate analyses comparing the results by sex. Results: Among the most prevalent psychiatric diagnoses, those significantly correlated with sex were eating disorders and major depression (women) and schizophrenia (men). Socio-demographic factors behave differently in men and women regarding those diagnoses. Among the differences, working and being married correlated directly with the diagnosis of depression only among women. Living alone correlated directly with the diagnosis of schizophrenia among men, but correlated inversely among women. Conclusion: Dissimilar associations between sex, psychiatric diagnosis and socio-demographic factors found in this Latin American sample invite us to reflect on how social conditions crosscut the relation between sex and psychopathology and to include gender perspectives in psychiatric practices.
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Krenevа, Julia, Tatyana Ozerova, and Pavel Ermakov. "The environmental specifics of aggressive delinquent juveniles’ family system and organizing career-guidance for them as a tool of their reintegration into society." SHS Web of Conferences 70 (2019): 10005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197010005.
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This article is devoted to the problem of organizing labor nurturing for delinquent juveniles held in correctional facilities, and career guidance work with this category of juvenile delinquents. The article substantiates the urgency of the research question, reveals the conditions and reasons for committing offenses by adolescents that lead to undesirable consequences, in particular, to criminal punishment in the form of imprisonment. The specific features of families with various types of disfunctions forming deviations and delinquency in adolescents are described in the paper. The analysis of literature on organizing labor nurturing of juvenile convicts is carried out. The characteristic features of adolescence are given: the specifics of the age are described in terms of ongoing physiological and psychological changes, as well as changes in the social situation. The specifics of developing psychocorrection programs for the above-noted category of minors aimed at the formation of their professional interests and labor skills are given. The main tasks of this type of work with delinquent adolescents held in correctional facilities are described, the primary of which are adolescents’ successful reintegration in society, including labor re-socialization, and prevention of recidivism.
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Diana Devi, Aulia. "Implementasi Teori Belajar Humanisme dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar Pendidikan Agama Islam." At- Tarbawi 8, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/tarbawi.v13i1.2805.
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The process of educating a child must pay attention to the right theory so that children can absorb and receive lessons, and can apply them well. This study aims to describe the learning theory of humanism in learning Islamic religious education. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study format. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of humanism learning theory in Islamic education is evidenced by several facts, namely, learning conditions, student conditions, and the existence of activities that support the application of the concept of humanism learning. This implementation can also produce active learning, one ofwhich is the discussion and presentation method, which aims to train the independence and courage of students to express their opinions. Community social activities, which aim to train students' socialization and empathy for their environment. Mentoring and coaching, which aims to shape the character and improve the morals of students, reduce juvenile delinquency, and improve student achievement.