Journal articles on the topic 'Women ́s rights in literature'
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1
Afridi, Anfal, Javeria Noor Sawal, and Bibi Sara. "The Status of Women and Marginalized Social Classes: Pakistanâs Pashtoon Society in Perspective." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. I (March 30, 2023): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(viii-i).04.
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The prehistoric code of conduct, morality, conscience, and reprisal, known as 'Pukhtunwali,' struggled to regain its prominence during colonial rule. However, women and lower social classes were continually denied their fundamental rights. In the patriarchal Pashtun society, women's role remained limited, despite the notable contributions of several women in literature, work fields, and administrative functions. Unfortunately, women were often disregarded, and lower social classes had no rights, even though they constituted the basic unit of society and contributed their labour to society's progress. This paper aims to examine the status of women and the marginalized social classes in Pakistani society. The article explores how these groups were denied their rights and how the lack of recognition of their contributions negatively impacted society. The paper concludes by highlighting the need to address these inequalities to create a more equitable society that respects all its members.
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Sharma, Priyanka, and Jitendra Sharma. "A Study on Feminism and Female Consciousness in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple." English Language, Literature & Culture 9, no. 2 (May 17, 2024): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20240902.11.
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Over time, feminism has evolved with varying interpretations, including a focus on gender equality across societal domains and as a political movement supporting women's rights. Feminism has historically challenged patriarchal norms, promoting sexual equality and personal freedom for women. Alice Walker, a prominent African American feminist, has made significant contributions to literature and activism. Born in 1944, Walker's works highlight the struggles faced by Black women in a racist and sexist society. Her acclaimed novel, The Color Purple (1982), explores themes of Black womanhood during the Civil Rights era, illustrating the resilience and empowerment of female protagonists. Walker's writings emphasize the intersectionality of race, gender, and class, portraying characters who transcend oppression to achieve self-acceptance and empowerment. Through her literature, Walker advocates for women's liberation and denounces societal injustices like sexual assault and domestic violence. The Color Purple, a pivotal work in Walker's oeuvre, showcases the transformation of protagonist Celie from subjugation to independence, reflecting themes of female consciousness, resilience, and liberation. The novel underscores the importance of sisterhood and solidarity among women in the fight for equality. In conclusion, Walker's exploration of feminist themes in The Color Purple resonates with the experiences of Black women, highlighting their historical and contemporary struggles. Her literature serves as a powerful testament to the enduring spirit of Black feminist thought and practice, inspiring readers to confront societal inequalities and envision a more equitable future.
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Winarti, W. "Objektifikasi Perempuan dalam Cerpen Lipstik Karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma." BUANA GENDER : Jurnal Studi Gender dan Anak 5, no. 1 (September 30, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/bg.v5i1.2666.
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The objectification of women has been perpetuated from time to time, generation to generation, in various forms, even in a very subtle form so that women do not feel that their bodies have been reduced into something passive, no more than a gender object, dwelling to sexual desire and exploitation of women’s bodies. In Indonesia, the writings presented by mass media have been conditioned into “male patternsâ€. Besides mass media, the world of literature also recognizes women as a magnet of a story, in a short story or novel. This thing perpetuates women’s position as objects in literary works. The narrations about women in short stories and novels are constructed to fulfill the standards set by patriarchy through narrations about women. It is undeniable that male domination seems to have penetrated into women’s lives, even to the smallest things. Consciously or not, women always walk on the paths that have been set by men. In modern era like today, many women still stand under male domination as if they do not have the rights of themselves and their bodies. The narrations about objectification of women are found in Lipstik short story by Seno Gumira Ajidarma. In this short story, women are constructed to be passive objects, they are narrated as objects of oppression and body exploitation conducted by men.
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Bindra, Ishleen Kaur, Kajal Sharma, and Sakshi Arora. "Emotional Abuse in Shashi Deshpande\'s "That Long Silence"." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (April 30, 2023): 2051–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50546.
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Abstract: Indian English Literature has its roots in the works of the 19th century writers such as Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Rabindranath Tagore, and Sarojini Naidu. In this paper we have reflected mental harassment or emotional abuse through the literary work of famous writer Shashi Deshpande. Her novel “ That Long Silence “ is about a character “Jaya” whose journey of self discovery is a difficult one. She is the victim of the patriarchal society that has denied her the freedom to pursue her dreams. The novel highlights the struggle of women in India. It shows how women are expected to conform to the norms of society and how they are often denied basic rights to make decisions about their own lives. Deshpande encourages women to take charge of their own lives and to be independent and self-reliant.
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Marshall, Jill. "Giving birth but refusing motherhood: inauthentic choice or self-determining identity?" International Journal of Law in Context 4, no. 2 (June 2008): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174455230800205x.
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AbstractIssues of what personal autonomy and identity means are investigated in the context of the European Court of Human Rights’ development of Article 8’s right to respect one’s private life into a right to personal autonomy, identity and integrity with particular reference to French anonymous birthing as explored by that court in Odièvre v France and feminist literature on mothering and autonomy. Although much critiqued by feminists, personal autonomy has been reconceptualised to mean something of worth to women. Yet, this version of autonomy can diverge into two directions in terms of individual identity as evidenced in Odièvre and in feminist literature: self-determination or self-realisation/authenticity. Conclusions are reached that making autonomy dependent on claims to ‘authenticity’ restricts personal freedom and thus ultimately identity.
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Sharma, Priyanka, and Jitendra Sharma. "Condition of Women in the Works of Alice Walker During the Post-Colonial Era." History Research 12, no. 1 (April 12, 2024): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20241201.14.
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This review paper explores the impactful literary contributions of Alice Walker, focusing on her portrayal of the struggles faced by African American women in the post-colonial era. Alice Walker, known as the primary author of subaltern literature, delves into themes of racism, sexism, feminism, and womanism, shedding light on the intersecting oppressions experienced by Black women. Through an analysis of Walker's seminal works such as "The Color Purple," "Meridian," and "Possessing the Secret of Joy," this paper examines the emotional and physical traumas endured by her characters, including Celie, Meridian Hill, and Tashi. The narrative framework of Walker's novels, often utilizing epistolary styles, provides a unique lens through which to explore the complexities of identity, cultural expectations, and societal norms. Furthermore, Walker's portrayal of resilience, strength, and the unbreakable spirit of her female characters serves as a poignant reminder of the ongoing struggles for social justice and women's rights. Through her literature, Walker challenges readers to confront systemic injustices and work towards a more equitable and inclusive society. This review paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersectionality of race and gender, highlighting the enduring relevance of Walker's writings in contemporary discourse on marginalized voices and societal transformation.
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Acsady, Judit. "The ambiguities and contradictions of the state-socialist way of women’s emancipation in Hungary (1948-1989). Overview and search for the traces of feminist resistance." Bulletin de l'Institut etnographique 71, no. 3 (2023): 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gei2303041a.
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The literature about the ex-state-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe raised the questions in what way women benefited from the legislation guaranteeing equal rights and the measures of emancipation during the decades of state socialism. The authors that also argued after 1990, the time of the social, economic and political transitions in the region, that women became the big losers of the changes. The paper aims to reflect on these examinations of gender relations during the state-socialist period and point out the contradictory ways of the introduction of women?s emancipation that led to ambiguous results in the propagated program of gender equality. Furthermore it discusses in which ways women?s positions remained subordinated and how the sexist representations of women increased in public life, the media and culture in Hungary after the 1970?s. A review of the main findings of earlier research accumulated so far concerning women?s lifes and gender relations in Hungary during state socialism will be followed by the question of in what ways these controversies of the system were articulated by the contemporary oppositional voices. Did the activists of the dissident Hungarian democratic opposition embrace the ideas of feminism and women?s issues in their criticism of the one-party system? On the base of contemporary documents and recent interviews with ex-activists it will be examined how feminist voices were articulated, yet controversially marginalized among the dissidents.
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Sumarsono, Irwan, and Ima Masofa. "Women’s Empowerment in The Matriarch of Kamathipura, a part of Hussain Zaidi’s Mafia Queens of Mumbai." Lensa: Kajian Kebahasaan, Kesusastraan, dan Budaya 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/lensa.12.2.2022.166-179.
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Women’s oppression and discrimination occur in many places in the world, especially in developing nations. To end this oppression and discrimination, it is important to empower women so that they know that they are oppressed and discriminated against. Women’s empowerment also makes women independent, skillful, educated, and able to compete against their opponents. This study focused to analyze the women’s empowerment reflected in The Matriarch of Kamathipura, an episode of S. Hussain Zaidi’s Mafia Queens of Mumbai, especially on how the main character, Gangubai Kathiawadi, fought to empower women in her area to get the equality as the men had. The researchers used the theory of feminism to analyze this study. The study’s main source was the book Mafia Queens of Mumbai, while the supporting data were derived from English literature journals, e-books, and other internet sources. This research used a qualitative method which was based on library research. The collected data were analyzed, discussed, and presented to the readers. The study found that Gangubai successfully empowered women from the lower class to have the same rights, services, and equality in society using the ability, capability, and networking she built. Gangubai empowered them by advocating their rights, fighting against discrimination, and demanding the performance and patterns that generate difference and segregation. This study was expected that it would make readers know that men and women are equal in that they have the same right and responsibilities, and they will disagree with the oppression and discrimination against women.
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Volkova, Kseniya Borisovna. "The evolution of female image in the works of Vajiravudh." Litera, no. 9 (September 2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2021.9.36391.
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The object of this research is the evolution of female image in the works of King Vajiravudh of Siam, who is considered the father of modern Thai literature. The subject of this research is the portraits of heroines in the original Thai-language works of the monarch, both dramatic and epic, which allow us tracing the artistic transformations of female images. The historical and biographical methods reveal the status of women in the new Thai society of the early XX century and how it affect the author’s views. The problematic of the “feminine” was associated with the author’s pursuit of ideal of Thai woman from ethical perspective. This is the first research on the topic within Thai or foreign historiography. The female images, the role of women in society and fate of the nation is the pervasive theme in all works by King Vajiravudh. The author disrupts the traditional canon and depicts a new woman, who claims her rights to the freedom of choice despite the patriarchal principles. At the same time, the entire gallery of female images is an attempt to find compromise between the progress and traditional values, to create the ideal of Thai woman, which could find realization in real life.
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Bushe, Sierra, and Iris Romero. "Lesbian Pregnancy: Care and Considerations." Seminars in Reproductive Medicine 35, no. 05 (September 2017): 420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606385.
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AbstractThe constructs and the provision of preconception and obstetrical care have historically been based on the assumption of heterosexuality, and have often excluded lesbian women. However, due to significant strides in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) civil rights, more lesbian women desire to create and expand their families, and lesbian parented families are increasing. This places obstetrical care providers at the forefront of the movement to build inclusive health care environments. Therefore, it is incumbent upon those of us who work in obstetrics to understand, recognize, and respect the unique cultural considerations that pertain to lesbian women and couples seeking parenthood. This review seeks to provide culturally sensitive guidance on the specific concerns and challenges lesbians face, from preconception care to postpartum care, and briefly addresses legal issues and considerations for the nonbiologic mother. The recommendations outlined here are drawn from studies of the experiences of lesbian women with pregnancy. However, the scientific literature is very limited, and there is a clear need for additional obstetrical research focused on this patient group. As professionals committed to assuring optimal outcomes for all obstetrical patients, it is crucial that we promote the inclusion of sexual minority women in our clinical practices and research endeavors.
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Feldman-Kołodziejuk, Ewelina. "Cancer Narrative with a Difference: Elaine Feeney΄s ‘As You Were’." Baltic Journal of English Language, Literature and Culture 14 (May 28, 2024): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/bjellc.14.2024.03.
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Elaine Feeney΄s novel As You Were offers the story of a terminal cancer patient who forsakes any medical treatment. Narrating the final moments of her protagonist’s life, the author breaks with the traditional cancer novel formula in which a bellicose stance is prescriptive. Instead, the heroine’s stay at a hospital ward with other female patients constitutes Feeney΄s point of departure for writing a state-of-the-nation novel. The article discusses how the merging of different literary traditions, such as cancer narrative, literature of witness, or experimental fiction, allows the author to paint a poignant picture of Irish society, in which women, whose rights were historically curbed, empower each other through telling their life stories as well as reclaiming the life tales of their lost sisters. The analysis focuses on metaphors and narrative strategies that customarily underpin cancer stories and which can be identified in the novel. Secondly, the subversion of the cancer narrative is taken under scrutiny to demonstrate the experimental character of Feeney΄s novel. Subsequently, the ethical dimension of storytelling is given critical attention and the work’s status as a state-of-the-nation novel is elaborated on.
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Arsic, Irena. "From “spravljenice” to “zadrugarke”: Education of Orthodox Serbian women in Dubrovnik 1831-1914." Bulletin de l'Institut etnographique 70, no. 3 (2022): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gei2203023a.
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Over the centuries, young girls from the hinterland of Dubrovnik often went to Dubrovnik to serve in wealthy homes in order to provide for their basic living needs or sometimes even for their dowry. The position of this female population, which people of Dubrovnik called - spravljenice, cupe or godisnjice, was very unfavorable, although within literature they were presented as activists who fought for their rights. After the legalization of the Serbian Orthodox Church community in 1790, affluent Serbian families moved to Dubrovnik. These families significantly participated in the economic recovery of Dubrovnik during the next century. As a successful economic community, the Orthodox Serbs tried to provide a school for their children, which they finally succeeded in 1831 with a permanent teacher, George Nikolajevic. Girls also attended the school founded by Nikolajevic. This was the case until 1879, when in Dubrovnik was founded Bozo Boskovic Women?s school. Young women from Dubrovnik were also educated within the Association of Serbian Women from Dubrovnik, led by Teodora Boskovic. Hence, this article will present the process of education of Dubrovnik Orthodox Serbian women in the period from 1831 to the second decade of the twentieth century.
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Anastasaki, Elena, and Roula Kitsiou. "CONSTRUING ACTS OF VOICING IN CHRISTINA DALCHER'S VOX THROUGH VULNERABILITY METAPHORS." Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, no. 26 (2022): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ren.2022.i26.14.
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In the digital era, and especially in the context of the fourth industrial revolution, where everyone’s digitally mediated voice can, potentially, reach the entire world, Dalcher’s dystopian novel, Vox, expresses a very real fear of being silenced. In modern America, 1 a purist movement voted into power has silenced all women and girls overnight. The novel investigates the intersection of physicality and the immateriality of spoken words. The narrator’s voice, sober but without restriction, contrasts sharply with the limitations imposed around her and uncovers the silent horror of a dystopian America where half the population has lost all rights of self -disposal, both physical and discursive. Employing the conceptual metaphor theory of Lakoff and Johnson (2003), this study explores metaphors in Vox that shape discourse(s) on voicing vulnerability and on voice as visibility through an interdisciplinary discourse analysis that draws on the fields of literature and linguistics.
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Yalovenko, Olha. "Specificity of Understanding the Problem of Gender Relations in Jhumpa Lahiri`s Writing." Fìlologìčnì traktati 12, no. 2 (2020): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/ftrk.2020.12(2)-15.
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The article deals with the specificity of understanding the problem of gender relations in Jhumpa Lahiri`s writing (the American writer of Bengali origin). The article`s aim is to explore the peculiarities of gender relations in the context of the transculture paradigm in Jhumpa Lahiri`s writing. Research methods: historical and typological (determining the specifics of themes, motifs, images, story features of the writer`s works), hermeneutic (interpretation of various aspects of the literary text), narratological analysis (specifics` analysis of J. Lahiri`s narrative manner). It is indicated that the study of gender issues is important in the modern literature discourse. The differences between the adaptation of men and women to the new cultural environment are clearly seen in Jhumpa Lahiri`s writing. Yes, men`s purpose is to realize their “American dream”, as most of them emigrate in search of a better life, scientific and academic goals (an example is the man from the story “Mrs. Sen`s”). Like Bengali families, men have every right to make all the important decisions in the family. The features of Indian women's adaptation to the new culture, which are seen not only in overcoming the language barrier, but are traced in everyday life and in relations with men, are analyzed. Women have completely different adaptation experiences. The problem of gender relations is traced to the identity crisis of the Indian woman in America, who balances between cultures and lives in two worlds: wants to be American and at the same time not forget her “desh” (literally “homeland” in Bengali). A stereotyped image of an Indian woman who “sacrifices” herself and remains in despair within the American apartment`s walls is portrayed in Jhumpa Lahiri`s works. Gender specificity is seen in the role of “invisible existence”: heroines are associated with maids who can cook dinner and wash socks only. Women seek refuge in the past and avoid the present. Unlike men, the assimilation process is much more difficult for women. It is mentioned that J. Lahiri shows the material dependence of women on men. The problem of gender relations that is also associated with the decline of family values, where marriage becomes a temporary matter, is no less important.
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Nicolau, Adriana, and Teresa Iribarren. "The Staging of Ciudad Juárez’s Feminicides: Àlex Rigola and Angélica Liddell Speak for the Victims." New Theatre Quarterly 36, no. 2 (May 2020): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x2000024x.
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Tackling violence against women in the theatre is often a controversial matter. To identify the ethical risks that victim representation may entail, we conduct a comparative analysis of two works about Ciudad Juárez’s feminicides staged in Barcelona: 2666 (2007), an adaptation of Roberto Bolaño’s novel directed by Àlex Rigola, and House of Strength (2011) by Angélica Liddell. This article argues that while Rigola reduces victims to mere sexual objects with no narrative of their own, Liddell places the voice and resilience of Mexicans in the foreground and represents their bodies respectfully. Adriana Nicolau is completing her doctoral studies on ‘Feminisms in contemporary Catalan theatre’ at Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) in Barcelona. Her publications include articles for Feminismo/s. Teresa Iribarren is an assistant professor at UOC, where she is the Director of the Catalan Literature, Publishing, and Society research group. Her current research focuses on narratives of violence and the promotion of human rights in literature.
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Husin, Asna. "Women and Shari‘ah Law: Lessons from Aceh." Ar-Raniry, International Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 2 (March 24, 2016): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.20859/jar.v2i2.59.
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<p>This study surveys the role of women in the development of <em>shari`ah</em> from the introduction of Islam to Aceh in the 12<sup>th </sup>centurydown to the modern erawith the formal adoption of Islamic law by an Indonesian parliamentary Bill on Aceh’s Special Status in 1999. After briefly exploring this history, we examine contemporary debates on the current implementation of Islamic law by means of five women of differing backgrounds in this Indonesian province. We review historical documents and existing literature as well as <em>qanun</em>s of Aceh (local regulations) which stipulate <em>shari`ah</em> requirements. We also interview the five women, including one whose husband and another who herself were subjected to <em>shari`ah</em> punishment. The results are complex reflecting the intricacy of contemporary understandings of the <em>shari`ah</em> and the issues surrounding rights of women in Islamic law. One voice represents her agreement to the <em>shari`ah</em> punishment of her husband on account of its positive outcome for her family. The other four are critical of the current implementation of the <em>shari`ah</em> in Aceh, yet are not opposed to it; these ladies argue for women-friendly <em>shari`ah</em>.</p>
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Valiant, Indah Rizky, and Elsye Maria Rossa. "PARENTING CHILDREN BY MOTHER WHO VICTIM DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW." Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas 15, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24893/jkma.v15i2.595.
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Global prevalence women who experience domestic violence is 30% of all women who are married.Domestic violence affects both mother and child, as well as parenting by mother. The purpose of this literature review is to explore and identify parenting children by mother who victim domestic violenc. This literature review uses 4 databases namely Ebsco, Pubmed, Scopus and ScienceDirect. The selection of studies in this literature review used inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria used in the selection of literature review studies are full text, journals or article in English, journal about parenting children by mother who victim domestic violence, and jornals of the last 2 years (2017-2019. Based on 12 journals analyzed there are 3 major themes, namely relationship mother-child factors, parenting strategies in domestic violence and parenting behavior. Parenting behavior is inseparable form the mother’s strategy and the relationship mother-child. The need to have a good relationship and use the right strategies to form positive parenting behavior.
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Khairutdinov, Aidar G. "Book review: Adiloğlu, Adilhan. Ceditçilik Dönemi Kazan Tatar Edebiyatında Kadın Hak ve Hürriyetleri Meselesi (Аnkara: Gece Kitaplığı, 2020. 454 s.)." Historical Ethnology 9, no. 1 (February 26, 2024): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/he.2024-9-1.122-125.
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The author of the review introduces the voluminous research work written by Adilkhan Adiloglu, a young Turkish scholar, and dedicated to the problem of women's rights and freedoms in the Tatar literature and periodicals of the Jadid era (mid-19th – early 20th centuries). The work’s value lies in the fact that, using rich factual material, the researcher presented the history of the emergence of the national-cultural revival among the Tatars and its outstanding participants. He managed to show the scale of participation of an educated Tatar Muslim woman in this process.
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Waseem, Javeria, Rutaba Muneer, Syeda Hoor-Ul-Ain, Rutaba Tariq, and Anam Minhas. "Psychosocial determinants of divorce and their effects on women in Pakistan: a national review." International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare 13, no. 4 (April 17, 2020): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhrh-09-2018-0059.
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Purpose This study aims to review the psychosocial determinants of divorce and their effects on women for a social reform in Pakistan. Enigmatic societal standards vandalize social status of divorced women and stress them to experience psychological trauma that triggers psychosocial disorders. Design/methodology/approach The study is categorized into three major determinants: the human emotional, the formal legal and societal aspect(s) in association with the deferential social status of divorced women. Rapid evidence assessment methodology was used to search the all-inclusive literature, collate the available descriptive evidences, critically analyze and evaluate it, sieve out studies of penurious quality and provide an aperçu of the evidence. Findings The research evinces domestic violence and abuse as an endemic cause of divorce in Pakistan; emotional and psychological consequences of domestic abuse damage women’s self-worth and well-being. Literature reported that all these determinants impacted the mental health stability of the divorced women. Divorce rates are climbing at a faster pace in the country and Punjab has been identified as a province of rocketing divorce rate. Lamentably, in various villages of other provinces, women risk face mutilation if they show courage to seek divorce. Practical implications More research needs to be carried out on the issue nationwide. Fundamentally, cultural norms around women’s roles in society need to be addressed and challenged where this research may become an impetus for further research. Originality/value The paper contributes towards the redressal of the domestic abuse, social exclusion, marginalization and vilification of divorced women in Pakistan. The rising rates indicate an urgent need for social reforms to curtail offending behaviors toward them, to safeguard their mental health and well-being and to empower them with their legal rights to enjoy deferential social status in life.
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Ilunina, A. A. "Reception of J. Austen’s creativity in Contemporary British Literature (Novel by Joe Baker “Longbourne”)." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 2 (March 3, 2021): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-2-189-201.
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The experience of reception of creativity of J. Austen (1775—1817) in modern British literature is analyzed. The aim of the work was to identify the main directions and ideological and artistic functions of the deconstruction of pretext — the novel by J. Austen “Pride and Prejudice” (1813) — in the novel by Joe Baker (born in 1973) “Longbourne” (2013). It was revealed that the social, anti-colonial, anti-imperialist, anti-war, feminist components are the most significant in the deconstruction of pretext. For Baker, the main modes of rethinking the novel by J. Austen “Pride and Prejudice” become relevant in the modern social and cultural situation of revising the past and assessing the present in Britain, the problems of social contradictions, imperialism, colonialism and its consequences, the rights of women and minorities. It was concluded that in his artistic quest, Baker, although using the novel of the Regency era as a pretext, is moving closer to the neo-Victorian novel. It has been substantiated that it is advisable to clarify the definition of the “neo-Victorian novel of the younger generation” (the term by Y. S. Skorokhodko), designating works written in the pre-Victorian era, in particular, in the era of the Regency, as possible plot-forming pretexts, or to single out a new genre variety of British historiographic metanovel (L. Hutchen) — a Neo-Pre-Victorian novel.
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Singh, Paul, Frank Deleon, and Ralph Anderson. "Steroid Cell Ovarian Neoplasm, Not Otherwise Specified: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2012 (2012): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/253152.
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Background. Steroid cell ovarian tumors, not otherwise specified, represent a unique cause of female virilization. Most commonly encountered in premenopausal women, these tumors can exist throughout a women’s lifetime, from before puberty until after menopause.Case. Steroid cell, not otherwise specified, was diagnosed in a 70-year-old female significant for hirsutism. The patient demonstrated elevated total testosterone levels with normal gonadotropins, DHEA, and DHEA-S levels. CT imaging revealed a right ovarian mass and subsequent laparoscopic right oophorectomy yielded clinical improvement promptly.Conclusion. Virilization in females can occur based on ovarian or adrenal pathology. In terms of ovarian-based female virilization, many tumors exist that may induce women to demonstrate masculine features, such as pure Sertoli, pure Leydig, Sertoli-Leydig combinations, and gynandroblastomas. Each of these tumor types possesses a unique histologic pattern that allows for pathologic identification after removal. A rare source of ovarian-based female virilization is steroid cell neoplasms, not otherwise specified, that do not demonstrate these specific histologic characteristics and thus represent a diagnosis of exclusion after other causes of ovarian-based female virilization have been ruled out.
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Ashrafli, Nazifa. "The gender problem in the 19th century summary." Scientific Bulletin 1, no. 1 (2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54414/porv2035.
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This article addresses the gender issue of the 19th century. XIX century in England. This century is generally considered Victorian, although this is not quite the correct idea. The Victorian era refers to the period from 1837 to 1901, when Great Britain was ruled by Queen Victoria. So Queen Victoria began her reign only in 1837. In the Victorian era (1837-1901), it was the novel that became the leading literary genre in English. Women played an important role in this growth in the popularity of both authors and readers. Circulating libraries that allowed books to be borrowed for annual subscriptions were another factor in the novel's popularity. The 1830s and 1840s saw the rise of the social novel. It was a lot of things response to rapid industrialization, as well as social, political, and economic challenges associated with it and was a means of commenting on the abuses of government and industry and the suffering of the poor who did not profit from the English economy. Stories about the working-class poor were aimed at the middle class to help create sympathy and foster change. The greatness of the novelists of this period is not only in their veracity description of modern life, but also in their deep humanism. They believed in the good qualities of the human heart and expressed their hopes for a better future. At the end of the eighteenth century, two young poets, W. Wordsworth and S. Coleridge, published a volume of poems called "Lyric ballads". From this moment began the period of romanticism in England, although it did not last long, only three decades, but it was truly bright and memorable for English literature. It was this time that gave us many great novels. Even in the Middle ages, clear and distinct gender boundaries were drawn and stereotypes of gender behavior were defined. Everyone was assigned their own specific roles and their violation caused public hatred. A Victorian married woman was her husband's "chattel"; she had no right property and personal wealth; legal recourse in any question, if it was not confirmed by her husband. Socio-economic changes in the middle of the XIX century lead to changes in the status of women middle and lower strata: gaining material independence and sustainable development socio-economic status, women acquire a social status equal to that of men. Women are beginning to fight against double standards in relation to the sexes, for reforms in the field of property rights, divorce, for ability to work. The next step was to raise the issue of women's voting rights as a means to ensure legislative reform. Women they sought independence from men.
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Neves, Maick, Paulo Aguiar, Telmo Belsuzarri, Wolnei Zeviani, João Mattos, Juliano Navarro, Renata Marques, and Letícia Francisco. "Neurosarcoidosis Associated with Psychiatric Symptoms: Case Report." Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery 36, no. 03 (August 24, 2017): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606290.
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Background Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease predominant in women and black men that has inflammatory origin of unknown etiology; neurosarcoidosis is a rare and critical presentation of the disease. Case description A 26-year-old black female presented frontal headache for 1 year, as well as behavioral and mood changes for 15 days. Skull tomography and nuclear magnetic imaging of the skull revealed damaged meninges, a right frontal bone lesion, and an intraparenchymal contrast-enhancing lesion. Screening with computed tomography (CT) scans was performed, and it showed signs of bronchiectasis in the lower third of the right lung, but it was asymptomatic. The biopsy showed signs of reactional lesion with the presence of non-caseating granulomas. After the treatment with corticosteroids, the patient presented progressive improvement. Conclusions Neurosarcoidosis is a rare and critical pathology of sarcoidosis that presents a lytic bone lesion and clinical psychiatric symptoms; neurosarcoidosis is also rare in the literature.
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Vijayaraghavan, Jaya, S. Bhuvana, and KPK Indumathi. "Primary Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Fallopian Tube in Postmenopausal Women: A Case Report and Review of Literature." Journal of SAFOMS 5, no. 1 (2017): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1106.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is the least common gynecological malignancy encountered in practice. It accounts for about 1% of all cancers of a woman’s reproductive system, and it is more commonly seen in postmenopausal women. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the fallopian tube is a rare histological variant; only around 20 cases have been reported worldwide so far. The rate of preoperative diagnosis is in the range of 0 to 10%. Case report A 55-year-old P3L3 previous three normal vaginal delivery, postmenopausal for 6 years, type II diabetes mellitus patient presented with complaints of bleeding per vagina and excessive watery discharge per vagina for 6 months. Complete investigations and evaluation were done. Papanicolaou smear and endometrial aspiration were normal, and showed no evidence of malignancy. Taking age into consideration with duration of symptoms for 6 months, we went ahead with total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Intraoperatively, right hydrosalpinx was noted. Postoperatively, histopathology revealed right TCC of fallopian tube stage Ta1 Nx M0. Patient had wound infection postoperatively and was treated with IV antibiotics. Once infection settled, patient was taken up for diagnostic laparoscopy with omental biopsy and cystoscopy with bladder wall biopsy, which showed no evidence of malignancy. Conclusion It is more common for other cancers to spread to the fallopian tubes rather than for cancer to begin there. This diagnosis is rarely considered preoperatively and is usually first appreciated at the time of operation or by a pathologist. If detected early, fallopian tube cancer can often be successfully treated. How to cite this article Indumathi KPK, Bhuvana S, Vijayaraghavan J. Primary Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Fallopian Tube in Postmenopausal Women: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J South Asian Feder Menopause Soc 2017;5(1):58-61.
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Huang, Qianqian, and Jing Yan. "Research on the Theoretical Progression of General Secretary's Important Discourse on Women's Issues." International Journal of Management Science Research 7, no. 3 (June 30, 2024): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/ijomsr.2024.07(03).06.
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The world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. The degree of globalization is deepening. While the development of women in various countries has made great progress, their development demands are still increasing. As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, Chinese women are faced with new opportunities and new challenges. Under these circumstances, General Secretary Xi Jinping has made many speeches on women's issues on important occasions at home and abroad. His discourse is based on Marxist women's theory, the women's theory of successive generations of Communist Party leaders, and the excellent traditional Chinese women's thought. The three constitute the theoretical source of its discussion. Focusing on women's special needs, realizing individual equality of women's rights to development, building a family civilization with family education and morals, strengthening the reform and innovation of the construction of the three natures of women's federations, and promoting global women's development. These are the key nuclei of his important discourses. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discourse on women's issues is rich in connotation, profound in thought, and has great practical significance. As a film with rich connotation, Disney 's live‐action Mulan film has attracted much attention. This article uses the literature data method and text analysis method to analyze the characteristics of the real‐life version of Mulan and its connection with post‐ colonial theory. By analyzing the cultural, historical and gender identity of the film, it explores its inherent cultural significance and profound connotation.
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Rašković, Bojan, Vanja Dimitrijević, Dejan Viduka, Vukadin Milankov, Srđan Ninković, Nemanja Lakićević, Siniša Nikolić, Tijana Scepanovic, and Borislav Obradovic. "Isokinetic Hamstrings-to-Quadriceps Peak Torque Ratio in Combat Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." Sport Mont 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26773/smj.230720.
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Combat sports are very demanding in terms of physical fitness as well as the risk of injury. Elite athletes during daily training due to specific movements can develop significant muscle asymmetry that can affect injury. The aim of this study was to systematically review the existing literature with respect to total average value of hamstrings- to-quadriceps (H/Q) 60°·s-1 and H/Q 180°·s-1 in judo, karate, taekwondo and wrestling. We placed special emphasis on sex-based differences and possible asymmetries between legs in terms of isokinetic performance. This document was developed and reported in accordance with the Guidelines for Preferred Reports for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA). Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for the relevant studies. Studies were included in the review if they were original and written in English and had to have H/Q ratio measured as an outcome. In total, data from 243 athletes from eleven studies included studies was analysed. The Mean of H/Q 60°·s-1 for all sports were: 58.33% for the right leg and 58.91% for the left leg. Women had higher values: 59.38% vs. 57.42% for the right leg and 61.35% vs. 56.56% for the left leg. The Mean of H/Q 180°·s-1 for all sports were: 71.44% for the right leg and 71.35% for the left leg. Women had higher values: 75.76% vs. 69.04% for the right leg and 73.39% vs. 70.33% for the left leg. All these values, combined for all sports, and divided into subgroups according to gender, show that they are within the recommended values. Combined results for all included studies showed that there was no asymmetry between the left and right leg. According to the results of the balance of the mentioned agonists and antagonists, which are crucial for knee joint stabilization during dynamic muscle contractions, we can conclude that athletes in combat sports do not represent a risk group.
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Llancari, Pedro Antonio, Antonio Ortiz, Juan Becerra, Ricardo Muñoz, Christiam Valeriano, and Rommy Helena Novoa. "Treatment and Management Experience of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis in a Low-income Country." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 45, no. 06 (June 2023): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770089.
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Abstract Objective Reporting our experience of the management and treatment of Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) in a low-income country by describing patients characteristics and therapy with emphasis on conservative surgical excision and postoperative care as the cornerstone of treatment. Methods A retrospective cohort of women with histopathological diagnosis of IGM from 2014 to 2018 at Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal in Lima, Peru. Patients' characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment, management, postoperative care, and follow-up were analyzed. Results Thirty-eight patients with histopathological diagnosis of IGM were identified. Their average age was 35.9 years and 23 (60.5%) reported previous use of hormonal contraceptives. Nine (23.7%) patients had chronic mastitis with previous treatment. The time from the onset of symptoms to the first clinic consult was 5.1 months on average. Twenty-one (55.3%) patients had the lesion in the right breast, with a mean size of 6.9 cm. Conservative surgical excision was performed in all patients. Additionally, 86.8% required corticosteroids and 78.9% were treated with antibiotics. Complete remission was obtained at 141 days on average (range 44 to 292 days). Six (15.8%) women reported ipsilateral recurrence and 5 (13.2%), contralateral. The latency time was 25.5 months on average. Conclusion The conservative surgical treatment demonstrated and close follow-up made for a high cure rate, but with recurrence similar to that reported in the literature. Use of gloves is an alternative to manage post operative wounds in a low-income country. The most frequent adverse effect was breast surgical scar.
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Romaykina, Yulia S. "Dispute over M. P. Artsybashev’s play Jealousy in Saratov community." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 24, no. 1 (February 20, 2024): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2024-24-1-55-61.
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Based on the material published in newspapers Saratovskiy Listok (Saratov Leaflet) and Saratovskiy Vestnik (Saratov Herald) the article analyzes the dispute in Saratov community over a provocative drama about a “wife killer” Jealousy – the first play written by a fashionable and scandalous author, M. P. Artsybashev. The reasons for the popularity of the play’s simplified interpretation of F. Nietzsche’s ideas that influenced the development of gender issues and shaped the shocking libertine image of a “new” female predator in public consciousness are revealed. The article observes 12 invariably full-house performances that were staged in November and December of 1913 in the City Theatre of Saratov. Much attention is paid to the dispute held by Saratov intellectuals on the topic of “women and jealousy” and to a mock public trial that had caused a wide publicity; in the course of this trial the husband who had murdered his wife was acquitted and the wife who had flirted openly with other men was found guilty of “reprehensible conduct”. The speech of the only female speaker taking part in the dispute – a teacher of Saratov refresher courses for women by A. I. Lelkova – stands out. The reaction of Saratov press to the lectures of Moscow speakers (About Women’s Freedom and Men’s Slavery by N. Ya. Abramovich and The Woman Judged by Modern Literature by S. Glagol’) is described. Parodies on Jealousy published in the newspapers of Saratov and therefore indicating the popularity of Artsybashev’s play are also discussed. The study concludes that the reviewers of Saratov newspapers were trying to explain the popularity of Jealousy both in terms of its artistic value (in comparison with L. N. Tolstoy’s The Kreutzer Sonata and L. N. Andreyev’s dramas) and from the perspective of social issues reflected in the play (women’s rights and social status in the family and society, abusive relationships, domestic violence). The reviewers of Saratovskiy Listok gave overall favorable and sometimes rapturous responses to Jealousy, while Saratovskiy Vestnik printed in general negative, sarcastic reviews.
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Morozova, Irina V. "“A Woman Called Moses”: Literary Interpretations of Harriet Tubman’s Life." Literature of the Americas, no. 16 (2024): 169–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/2541-7894-2024-16-169-189.
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The article is devoted to the formation of Harriet Tubman's image in the US literature. Two books belonging to the spread of Afrocentrism and the second wave of feminism — A. Petrie's non-fiction novel A Girl Called Moses: The Story of Harriet Tubman and M. Heidish's novel A Woman Called Moses — are chosen as the material for analysis. The article analyzes the main qualitative characteristics identified as early as in S. Bradford's book Harriet, Moses of Her People that form the discourse of race and gender in the mentioned narratives about Tubman, and identifies the main transformations of these characteristics. Thus, the work of African-American author A. Petrie reflects to a greater extent the sentiments of all her fellow women in the 1950s-60s Black Civil Rights Movement in the United States: while remaining within the generally accepted gender framework of feminine virtues, at the same time, the black woman was stepping out of her allotted racial limits. Furthermore, she shows that slavery is a cultural trauma that still defines how the African American community sees itself and its place in the society and how slavery is remembered as a means of self-identification within the African American community. Created by the white writer M. Heidish in the mid-1970s, during the rise of the second wave of the feminist movement, the novel reflects the very sentiments that characterized this movement and shows the view of a sympathetic Other on the issue of race. Thus, the article establishes the fact that Harriet Tubman plays a very important role in the African-American and women's discourse in the United States as an image that is given the necessary functions and qualities for its time based on the socio-cultural context contemporary to the interpreter.
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Kaczmarczyk, Katarzyna, Gabor J. Barton, Ida Wiszomirska, and Michal Wychowanski. "Women after Bilateral Surgical Correction of Hallux Valgus Do not Show Improvement in Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters at 18 Weeks Postoperatively." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040608.
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Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a gait-altering orthopedic deformity, somewhat more prevalent in women, which often affects both limbs. Although surgery is a commonly applied treatment, there is no consensus in the literature on how invasive HV correction affects spatiotemporal gait parameters, or how quickly improvement can be expected. We investigated gait parameters in female HV patients who underwent bilateral surgical correction of hallux valgus, both preoperatively and 18 weeks following surgery (a timeframe relevant from the perspective of physical therapy), and also in relation to a non-HV control group. Methods: A total of 23 women aged 40–70 years, with moderate to severe HV deformity in both feet, were assessed preoperatively and 18 weeks postoperatively, and an age-matched control group of 76 healthy women was also assessed. A total of 22 spatiotemporal parameters were collected during 30 s walks over an electronic walkway (Zebris Medical System). Results: Of the 22 parameters analyzed, significant differences between the preoperative experimental and control groups were found only in 4 parameters (Velocity, Right step time, Total double support and Stride time), but in 16 parameters between the postoperative experimental and control groups (the greatest impact being found for: Left and Right Step time, Stride time, Cadence, Right Foot rotation, Left Step length (% leg length) and Stride length (% leg length)). Conclusions: Women after bilateral HV correction did not exhibit improved (i.e., more normal) gait parameters at 18 weeks postoperatively; rather, they showed more gait abnormalities than preoperatively. These findings urge longer-term planning of postoperative rehabilitation, involving continual evaluation of gait improvement.
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Del Ciampo, Luiz, and Ieda Del Ciampo. "Breastfeeding and the Benefits of Lactation for Women's Health." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 40, no. 06 (June 2018): 354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1657766.
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AbstractThe offer of the maternal breast to the baby is an unquestionable right of mothers and their children, and all efforts should be made to promote, follow and maintain exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months and supplement it until the child completes 2 years of age. Many publications are available in the literature about the qualities of breast milk, its benefits and health repercussions, stimulating the practice of breastfeeding and supporting campaigns for its implementation. However, although it is widely known that breastfeeding is an important step in the reproductive process of women and its practice offers benefits to both mother and child, most of the available information highlights the benefits of breast milk for children, while mention of the effects of breastfeeding on the health of the mother is usually neglected. Thus, the objective of the present study is to highlight the multiple benefits of breastfeeding for the physical and emotional health of the nursing mother. The authors consulted articles published in the databases PubMed, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science using the keywords breastfeeding, breast milk, lactation and maternal health.
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Balandin, A. A., L. M. Zheleznov, and I. A. Balandina. "Morphological characteristics and expression of the S-100 protein in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum of a young and senile human." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 11, no. 4 (January 13, 2023): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2022-11-4-9-14.
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The problem of aging of the human body and the prevention of age-associated diseases in modern scientific literature is devoted to many studies. Researchers are showing increased interest in the aging of the cerebellum. Purkinje cells, which form the ganglionic layer of the cerebellar cortex, are considered to be very sensitive to various influences.The aim is to reveal the morphofunctional features of the Purkinje cells of the human cerebellum in the senile age in comparison with the young age.Material and methods. Morphological study of the cerebellum of 59 men and 52 women, right-handed, with anamnestic data that excluded diseases and injuries of the organs of the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as alcohol or drug addiction, was carried out during autopsy. The material for the study was taken from the region of the inferior semilunar lobule of the cerebellum. The studied material was divided into two groups: group I (n=59) included samples obtained from 31 men and 28 young women (from 25 to 32 years old inclusive), group II (n=52) – from 28 men and 24 women of senile age (from 79 to 88 years inclusive). We used general and neurohistological, immunohistochemical and morphometric research methods. Morphological assessment of Purkinje cells was carried out and the distance between their bodies was determined. An immunohistochemical study used a panel of antibodies to the S-100 protein.Results. A comparative analysis of the data obtained showed a statistically significant predominance of the distance between the bodies of Purkinje cells in the elderly compared to the young. Immunohistochemical study revealed an increase in the number of S-100-immunopositive Purkinje cells in old age.Conclusion. New data have been obtained on the age-related structural transformation of the cytoarchitectonics of the human cerebellar nervous tissue, which must be taken into account when studying age-associated diseases and movement coordination disorders.
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Jablan, Branka, and Marta Sjenicic. "Sexuality and sexual health of the population with disabilities, with special reference to people with visual impairments." Stanovnistvo, no. 00 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv200819001j.
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Sexuality represents one of the basic dimensions of human existence, which is channelled through sexual and gender identification and role, sexual orientation, eroticism, emotional commitment, satisfaction, and reproduction. Sexuality is also linked to many significant health problems, especially in the area of reproductive and sexual health. Sexual health is the condition of physical, emotional, mental, and social wellbeing that is linked with sexuality. Knowledge about sexual health, contraception and selection of contraceptives, and the risk of sexually transmittable diseases is not only relevant for individuals? sexuality; it?s also important for encouraging the use of health services and other forms of support that are necessary to protect youth from sexually transmittable diseases and the maintenance of sexual and re-productive health. When it comes to sexuality and care of reproductive and sexual health, some groups are especially vulnerable. Bearing in mind the specific conditions women with disabilities grow up in and their dependence on assistance and support from other people, satisfying their needs for partnership, sexuality, and parenthood becomes unattainable for many, or it takes place under the control of professionals or family members. In this context, people with visual impairments are part of a vulnerable group, acknowledging that visual impairment leads to limitations in everyday life, autonomy, and quality of life to its full potential. The purpose of this article is to describe the phenomena of sexuality and sexual health among people with visual impairments, and to point out the existing international and national normative frameworks relevant to the sexual health of people with disabilities. Existing legislative acts acknowledge the right to a normal sexual life, as well as to the care and maintenance of the sexual health of people with disabilities. However, there are many obstacles and limitations that hamper the practical application of these rights: health issues, communication problems, lack of privacy, people?s acceptance of the inhibition of their own sexuality, or their acceptance of the labelling and normalisation of their situation. Even considering the existence of the regulation, the system of support for maintaining and improving the sexual and reproductive health of women with disabilities is not developed enough. The lack of literature relating to this topic shows that its importance is not recognised enough among the relevant actors, including organisations that advocate for people with disabilities. Realising the existing general legal framework requires the will of policymakers, who could enact and implement specific bylaw regulations, as well as activating the societal actors relevant to this field.
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Schindler, Ingara Fernanda Silva Ribeiro, Amanda Leite Vasconcelos, Cristiano Sena da Conceição, Mansueto Neto, Luana Rios Queiroz, Daniela Dias da Silva Garzedin, and Antonio Marcos Andrade Da Costa. "Isokinetic power of shoulder rotators in handball players: sectional study description." Revista Brasileira de Fisiologia do Exercício 19, no. 1 (March 26, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v19i1.3983.
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Background: The repetitions attributed to the shoulders, mainly to the internal rotator muscles, during the throwing movements increase the risk of injury. Thus, it is necessary to ensure an adequate balance between the internal rotator (IR) muscles and their antagonists, external rotators (ER). Objective: To describe the strength and muscle balance of internal and external shoulder rotators in handball players. Methods: Descriptive sectional study with 58 handball athletes. Muscle function was assessed by the isokinetic dynamometer, the variables analyzed were the peak torque (TP) between the right and left shoulders and the antagonist/agonist ratio. Results: The lowest TP value in women ranged from 2.18 at angular speed of 300º/s (ER) to 33.0 at angular speed of 60º/s (IR). For the ER / IR ratio, the lowest value was 0.11 and the highest 0.79. For males, the lowest PT value was 27.5 (ER) at an angular speed of 300º / s, a higher value of 69.5 (IR) at angled speed of 60º/s. The RE / IR ratio ranged from 0.54 to 0.71. Conclusion: It was shown that the highest values of strength are in the dominant shoulder, for both sexes, which is considered normal. However, we also found a deficit in the ER / IR ratio above the cutoff point indicated in the literature, suggesting a significant muscle imbalance.Keywords: shoulder, handball, isokinetic dynamometer.
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Nikolic-Ristanovic, Vesna. "Yoga and victims." Temida 17, no. 1 (2014): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tem1401047n.
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In this paper the findings of literature review and explorative empirical research of yoga application in the work with victims of various forms of sufferings is presented. The largest notion of victim is accepted, which encompasses victims of crime, victims of human rights violations (including convicted persons), as well as victims of war, natural disasters and other sufferings. After determination of the notion of victim and yoga, the review and analyses of research findings and direct experiences with the application of yoga in victim support and victimisation prevention worldwide and in Serbia, is done. The author?s research findings as well as personal experiences with the application of yoga in the work with prisoners in prison for women in Pozarevac (Serbia), within the workshops that Victimology Society of Serbia implemented during 2012/2013, are presented as well. In the conclusions, contribution of yoga to holistic approach to victim support as well as important role that yoga may have in prevention of victimisation and criminalisation, is stressed. The importance of yoga for support of prisoners as the part of preparation for re-entry and with the aim to prevent recidivism, as well as to enable their more successful reintegration into the society, is particularly emphasised. The paper is based on the research implemented by the author for the purpose of writing the final essey at the course for yoga instructors on International yoga academy, Yoga Allience of Serbia.
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Kabasakal Arat, Zehra F. "Women’s rights as human rights." UN Chronicle 45, no. 3 (December 31, 2009): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/d16204cd-en.
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Forczek, Wanda, and Robert Staszkiewicz. "An Evaluation of Symmetry in the Lower Limb Joints During the Able-Bodied Gait of Women and Men." Journal of Human Kinetics 35, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0078-5.
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For many years, mainly to simplify data analysis, scientists assumed that during a gait, the lower limbs moved symmetrically. However, even a cursory survey of the more recent literature reveals that the human walk is symmetrical only in some aspects. That is why the presence of asymmetry should be considered in all studies of locomotion. The gait data were collected using the 3D motion analysis system Vicon. The inclusion criteria allowed the researchers to analyze a very homogenous group, which consisted of 54 subjects (27 women and 27 men). Every selected participant moved at a similar velocity: approximately 1,55 m/s. The analysis included kinematic parameters defining spatio-temporal structure of locomotion, as well as angular changes of the main joints of the lower extremities (ankle, knee and hip) in the sagittal plane. The values of those variables were calculated separately for the left and for the right leg in women and men. This approach allowed us to determine the size of the differences, and was the basis for assessing gait asymmetry using a relative asymmetry index, which was constructed by the authors. Analysis of the results demonstrates no differences in the temporal and phasic variables of movements of the right and left lower limb. However, different profiles of angular changes in the sagittal plane were observed, measured bilaterally for the ankle joint.
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Szypuła, Gabriela, Gabriela Kanclerz, Patrycja Szczepaniak, Maria Komisarz-Calik, Wojciech Koziołek, and Tomasz Konopka. "Messerer fracture: a comparison of the prevalence of the Messerer fracture between 1980–1984 and 2016–2020 based on materials from the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków = Złamanie Messerera – porównanie częstości występowania zjawiska w latach 1980–1984 i 2016–2020 w materiale Zakładu Medycyny Sądowej w Krakowie." Problems of Forensic Sciences, no. 137 (June 28, 2024): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/12307483pfs.24.005.19861.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the incidence of Messerer fractures in the years 1980–1984 and 2016–2020 in the material of the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków and to equate it with the available literature. Material and methods: Section protocols collected at the Department of Forensic Medicine in Kraków from 1980–1984 and 2016–2020 were investigated. Cases of car-pedestrian traffic accidents were collected and analyzed. Results: In the 39 cases from 1980–1984, 47 Messerer fractures were present. These reports represented 8.35% of deaths related to car-pedestrian traffic accidents. Among 9 women, Messerer fracture was generally observed in the right femur (41.67%), and the base of the wedge was lateral (41.67%). Whereas among 30 men, it was mainly located in the right femur or tibia (25.71% each). Alcohol was detected among 17 people. While in the 34 postmortem reports from 2016–2020 (15.38% of fatal strikes by a car), 43 Messerer fractures were present. They were usually located in the right tibia (39.5%), then in the right fibula (20.9%) and in the left tibia (14%). The bases of the wedges were mostly lateral (51.2%) and anterior (14%). In contemporary protocols, alcohol was detected among 22 people. Conclusions: Contrary to the literature data Messerer fractures occur in modern times almost twice as often as in the 80’s. Some differences regarding localization in lower extremities or wedge orientation can be observed.
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Kirilova, E., N. Kirilov, and S. Vladeva. "AB0609 RADIOFREQUENCY ECHOGRAPHIC MULTI-SPECTROMETRY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF BOTH FEMORA IN PREGNANT WOMEN." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1340.1–1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1061.
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Background:Radiofrequency Echographic Multi-Spectrometry (REMS) is a non-ionizing innovative approach for the assessment of REMS-based bone mineral density (BMD) of the axial skeleton. The principle of the REMS technology is based on the analysis of native raw unfiltered ultrasound signals during an echographic scan of the lumbar spine or the femoral neck [1]. Several studies demonstrated the high concordance with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in terms of measured BMD with this novel technology [2,3]. In previous published literature it was envisaged to apply this technology for the examination of the axial bone density in pregnant women. Pregnancy-associated bone loss has been demonstrated as decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in previous studies [4].Objectives:The aim of the current study is to compare the BMD values of both femora between pregnant and non-pregnant women matched for age and BMI using the novel REMS technology.Methods:Of total fifty women twenty pregnant women (40%) and thirty non-pregnant women (60%) were included in the study. The mean age of the pregnant women was 32 years ± 5 standard deviations (SD), (range 25-41 years) and the mean age of the non-pregnant women was 30 years ± 6 standard deviations (SD), (range 24-39 years). REMS approach was used to assess REMS-based BMD and REMS-based Z-score values of the femoral neck. Furthermore, body mass index (BMI) and gestational age in weeks were evaluated.Results:The mean BMI of the pregnant women was 26 kg/m2 ± 7 kg/m2 (range 14 kg/m2-42 kg/m2) and those of the non-pregnant women was 25 kg/m2 ± 5 kg/m2 (range 16 kg/m2-35 kg/m2). The mean gestational age was 20 weeks’ gestation ± 5 weeks’ gestation (range 13-27 weeks’ gestation). REMS-based mean BMD of the left femoral neck of the pregnant women was 0.793 g/cm2 ± 0.167 g/cm2 (range 0.563 g/cm2-1.154 g/cm2). REMS-based mean BMD of the right femoral neck of the pregnant women was 0.828 g/cm2 ± 0.153 g/cm2 (range 0.570 g/cm2-1.161 g/cm2). After comparing left femoral neck BMD with the right femoral neck BMD of the pregnant women, we found a linear correlation (R=0.764). Left femoral neck BMD value (0.793 g/cm2) of the pregnant women was significantly lower than those of the non-pregnant women (0.854 g/cm2), p=0.002. The mean left femoral Z-score of the pregnant women (-0.1 SD with range -2.5 SD-2.9 SD) was also significantly lower compared to those of the non-pregnant women (1.2 SD with range -1.5 SD-3.1 SD), p=0.003.Conclusion:This is the first study which provides data about BMD and Z-score values of both femora in pregnant women assessed with the radiation-free REMS technology. Pregnant women demonstrated significantly lower femoral neck BMD values and Z-scores compared to those of the non-pregnant women. Innovative REMS method could be very helpful for making decision about the treatment of pregnant women who are at risk of lower BMD due to concomitant diseases and/or treatment associated with osteoporosis.References:[1]Casciaro S, Conversano F, Pisani P, Muratore M. New perspectives in echographic diagnosis of osteoporosis on hip and spine. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2015; 12(2):142-150.[2]Nikolov M, Nikolov N. AB0908 Assessment of the impact of the lean mass with body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry on the bone mineral density. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2020; 79:1756.[3]Chakova M., Chernev D., Kashukeeva P., Krustev P., Abedinov F. Lumbar Sympathectomy - Literature Review. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) Volume 7 Issue 8, August 2018 ISSN (Online): 2319-7064.[4]Degennaro, V. A.; Cagninelli, G.; Lombardi, F. A. “VP34.12: First assessment of maternal status during pregnancy by means of radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry technology”. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2020, 56 (S1): 199.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
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Ruan, Xin, Liu-Sheng Wu, Zheng-Yang Fan, Qi Liu, Jun Yan, and Xiao-Qiang Li. "Pathological diagnosis and immunohistochemical analysis of minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules: A case report." World Journal of Clinical Cases 11, no. 33 (November 26, 2023): 8022–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v11.i33.8022.
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BACKGROUND Minute Pulmonary Meningothelial-like Nodules (MPMNs) are rare benign pulmonary nodules, which are more common in elderly women and have a higher detection rate in lung tissues of patients with lung malignant diseases. Its origin is not yet clear. At present, there are few reports on the diagnostic methods such as imaging and pathological manifestations of MPMNs. This article reports a 70-year-old female patient with pulmonary adenocarcinoma combined with MPMNs and reviews of the relevant literature. CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old women was admitted to our institution with feeling sour in her back and occasional cough for more than 2 mo. Computerized electronic scanning scan and 3D reconstruction images in our institution showed there were multiple ground-glass nodules in both of her two lungs. The biggest one was in the apicoposterior segment of left upper lobe, about 2.5 mm × 9 mm in size. We performed thoracoscopic resection of the left upper lung apicoposterior segment of the patient, and the final pathological report was minimally invasive adenocarcinoma. Re-examination of high resolution computed tomography 21 mo after surgery showed multiple ground-glass nodules in both lungs, and a new ground-glass nodule was found in the superior segment of the right lower lobe. We took pathological biopsy of the right upper lung and right lower lung nodules for the patient under thoracoscopy. The histomorphology of the right lower lobe nodule showed multiple lesions in the lung tissue, and the small foci in the alveolar septum were distributed in mild form of the aggregation of short spindle cells. The immunohistochemistry showed that the lesion was epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) (+), somatostatin receptor 2a (SSTR2a) (+), S-100 (-), chromogranin A (-), Syn (-), cytokeratin (-) and HMB-45 (-). The final diagnosis was minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, accompanied by MPMNs. We recommend that patients continue to receive treatment after surgery and to do regular follow-up observations. CONCLUSION The imaging manifestations of MPMNs are atypical, histomorphology and immunohistochemistry can assist in its diagnosis. This article reviews the relevant literature of MPMNs immunohistochemistry and shows that MPMNs are positive for EMA, SSTR2a, and progesterone receptor.
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Mourad, Zamoum, and Chaouch Athmane. "Sural nerve conduction study: Reference values in the Algerian population." Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Disorders 6, no. 2 (September 20, 2022): 040–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jnnd.1001067.
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Objectives: The sural nerve is the most tested sensory nerve in the lower extremities in the electrodiagnostic assessment of peripheral neuropathies. This study presents the reference values of the sural nerve conduction study (NCS) from a significant sample of the Algerian population. Methods: This is a prospective study of right sural NCS in healthy subjects based on the later recommendations of AANEM-NDTF. The nature of the distribution of each electrophysiological parameter was therefore determined. The lower and upper limits were calculated by using the 5th and 95th percentiles respectively and a logarithmic transformation was performed for Sensory Nerve Action Potential (SNAP) amplitude distribution. Results: 115 subjects aged between 20 and 60 years were selected, including 58 women and 57 men. Unlike Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocity (SNCV), the distribution of SNAP amplitude is not Gaussian. The lower limit of SNAP amplitude was 7.70 µV when using the 5th percentile and 6.80 µV by using the Standard Deviation (SD) method after log transformation. Similarly, the lower limit of SNCV was 43 m/s. The SNAP amplitude was greater in women and decreased with age, height and BMI. Conclusion: The values found in this study are comparable to those published in the literature. It may be more appropriate to determine the reference values using percentiles as recently recommended by several authors.
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Sobot, Ankica. "Understanding the gender dimension of low fertility: Employment and childbearing in Europe." Stanovnistvo 59, no. 2 (2021): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv200831005s.
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In this text, the gender dimension of low fertility is considered on the basis of the relevant literature and statistical data regarding the impact of employment on reproductive behaviour in postmodern societies. A review of fertility rates and employment rates of women with young children from 2010 onwards leads to several interesting observations. For example, during the period of study, the birth rate in Hungary increased, while it decreased in Finland by 0.4 children per woman. The most stable and relatively high fertility rates are observed in France and Sweden. At the same time, the employment rate of women with children aged three to five grew in Hungary, but the employment rate of those with children under the age of three was extremely low. In countries with higher fertility, the lowest employment rates for women with children under the age of three are in Finland and France, but they are about four times higher than the rate in Hungary. During the observed period, the employment of mothers remained stable at a relatively high level in Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands, without differences in female employment according to the age of their children. The fertility rates in these countries are relatively high. The results of empirical research in European countries suggest that the gender dimension of low fertility cannot be understood outside the specific social context, nor without considering the conditions at the micro level. Central to this consideration is the link between low fertility and women?s employment, as raising children is still gender-specific to an extent. However, men can participate in parenthood not only in terms of their reproductive behaviour, but also their right to participate in raising children. In addition, this text identifies negative perceptions of employment that refer to the modalities of worklife balance and the uncertainty regarding female and male employment. Both aspects produce certain effects on the socioeconomic position of the family, which can influence decisions relating to parenthood and the number of children the parents would like to have. In terms of taking action on low birth rates, it could be concluded that endangering families? economic status and reproducing patriarchal gender regimes are not favourable outcomes. This article provides a framework for more concrete research into these issues in Serbian society.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 76, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2002): 117–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002550.
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-James Sidbury, Peter Linebaugh ,The many-headed Hydra: Sailors, slaves, commoners, and the hidden history of the revolutionary Atlantic. Boston: Beacon Press, 2000. 433 pp., Marcus Rediker (eds)-Ray A. Kea, Herbert S. Klein, The Atlantic slave trade. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1999. xxi + 234 pp.-Johannes Postma, P.C. Emmer, De Nederlandse slavenhandel 1500-1850. Amsterdam: De Arbeiderspers, 2000. 259 pp.-Karen Racine, Mimi Sheller, Democracy after slavery: Black publics and peasant radicalism in Haiti and Jamaica. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. xv + 224 pp.-Clarence V.H. Maxwell, Michael Craton ,Islanders in the stream: A history of the Bahamian people. Volume two: From the ending of slavery to the twenty-first century. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998. xv + 562 pp., Gail Saunders (eds)-César J. Ayala, Guillermo A. Baralt, Buena Vista: Life and work on a Puerto Rican hacienda, 1833-1904. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xix + 183 pp.-Elizabeth Deloughrey, Thomas W. Krise, Caribbeana: An anthology of English literature of the West Indies 1657-1777. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999. xii + 358 pp.-Vera M. Kutzinski, John Gilmore, The poetics of empire: A study of James Grainger's The Sugar Cane (1764). London: Athlone Press, 2000. x + 342 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Adele S. Newson ,Winds of change: The transforming voices of Caribbean women writers and scholars. New York: Peter Lang, 1998. viii + 237 pp., Linda Strong-Leek (eds)-Sue N. Greene, Mary Condé ,Caribbean women writers: Fiction in English. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. x + 233 pp., Thorunn Lonsdale (eds)-Cynthia James, Simone A. James Alexander, Mother imagery in the novels of Afro-Caribbean women. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001. x + 214 pp.-Efraín Barradas, John Dimitri Perivolaris, Puerto Rican cultural identity and the work of Luis Rafael Sánchez. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. 203 pp.-Peter Redfield, Daniel Miller ,The internet: An ethnographic approach. Oxford: Berg Publishers, 2000. ix + 217 pp., Don Slater (eds)-Deborah S. Rubin, Carla Freeman, High tech and high heels in the global economy: Women, work, and pink-collar identities in the Caribbean. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xiii + 334 pp.-John D. Galuska, Norman C. Stolzoff, Wake the town and tell the people: Dancehall culture in Jamaica. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xxviii + 298 pp.-Lise Waxer, Helen Myers, Music of Hindu Trinidad: Songs from the Indian Diaspora. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. xxxii + 510 pp.-Lise Waxer, Peter Manuel, East Indian music in the West Indies: Tan-singing, chutney, and the making of Indo-Caribbean culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. xxv + 252 pp.-Reinaldo L. Román, María Teresa Vélez, Drumming for the Gods: The life and times of Felipe García Villamil, Santero, Palero, and Abakuá. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. xx + 210 pp.-James Houk, Kenneth Anthony Lum, Praising his name in the dance: Spirit possession in the spiritual Baptist faith and Orisha work in Trinidad, West Indies. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers. xvi + 317 pp.-Raquel Romberg, Jean Muteba Rahier, Representations of Blackness and the performance of identities. Westport CT: Bergin & Garvey, 1999. xxvi + 264 pp.-Allison Blakely, Lulu Helder ,Sinterklaasje, kom maar binnen zonder knecht. Berchem, Belgium: EPO, 1998. 215 pp., Scotty Gravenberch (eds)-Karla Slocum, Nicholas Mirzoeff, Diaspora and visual culture: Representing Africans and Jews. London: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 263 pp.-Corey D.B. Walker, Paget Henry, Caliban's reason: Introducing Afro-Caribbean philosophy. New York: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 304 pp.-Corey D.B. Walker, Lewis R. Gordon, Existentia Africana: Understanding Africana existential thought. New York; Routledge, 2000. xiii +228 pp.-Alex Dupuy, Bob Shacochis, The immaculate invasion. New York: Viking, 1999. xix + 408 pp.-Alex Dupuy, John R. Ballard, Upholding democracy: The United States military campaign in Haiti, 1994-1997. Westport CT: Praeger, 1998. xviii + 263 pp.-Anthony Payne, Jerry Haar ,Canadian-Caribbean relations in transition: Trade, sustainable development and security. London: Macmillan, 1999. xxii + 255 pp., Anthony T. Bryan (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, Sergio Díaz-Briquets ,Conquering nature: The environmental legacy of socialism in Cuba. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. xiii + 328 pp., Jorge Pérez-López (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Gérard Collomb ,Na'na Kali'na: Une histoire des Kali'na en Guyane. Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe: Ibis Rouge Editions, 2000. 145 pp., Félix Tiouka (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Upper Mazaruni Amerinidan District Council, Amerinidan Peoples Association of Guyana, Forest Peoples Programme, Indigenous peoples, land rights and mining in the Upper Mazaruni. Nijmegan, Netherlands: Global Law Association, 2000. 132 pp.-Salikoko S. Mufwene, Ronald F. Kephart, 'Broken English': The Creole language of Carriacou. New York: Peter Lang, 2000. xvi + 203 pp.-Salikoko S. Mufwene, Velma Pollard, Dread talk: The language of Rastafari. Kingston: Canoe Press: Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. Revised edition, 2000. xv + 117 pp.
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Marynenko, Yuriy. "THE MOTIF OF ESCAPE IN YAROSLAV MELNYK`S NOVEL «DISTANT SPACE»." CONTEMPORARY LITERARY STUDIES, no. 20 (December 20, 2023): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2411-3883.20.2023.293543.
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The article examines the motif of escape in the novel «Distant Space» by the modern Ukrainian writer Yaroslav Melnyk. Upon reviewing critical literature, the genre classification of the work was identified as a hybrid, encompassing elements of a dystopian novel intertwined with features of science fiction, allegory, adventure, psychological and mystical fantasy, as well as a thriller novel. Its intertextual space covers the works of Ray Bradbury, Ken Kesey, George Orwell, V. Vynnychenko, H. Skovoroda, as well as V. Domontovych, M. Khvylovy. It has been emphasized that the plot collision of the metamodernist novel by Ya. Melnyk has its roots in the biblical story of Adam’s and Eve’s expulsion from paradise. The polyphonic and didactic character of the novel is revealed: everyone has their own truth, the author convinces, and makes it possible to hear everyone. Аt the same time, the book teaches to be tolerant, and to make an informed choice in difficult life situations.The artistic vision of space is embodied in the novel in three locations: metropolis (the land of blind people), Transparent Spot (the camp of blinded rebels who seek to destroy the metropolis), Quiet Corner (elite village of the sighted). The three specified locations of the novel are three options of fate that the author offers to his protagonist. Whenever the protagonist declines to adhere to the suggested course, the outcome of such ventures leads to three escapes in pursuit of a balanced cosmos—distant space.Gabra’s three escapes are also three women. Lioz, Niya, Natalie, each in their own way, in the course of the story become close to the main character. This aspect of the relationship gives the story piquancy, intimacy, and simultaneously dramatizes it. Relations with Lioz have no prospects, because it remains an organic part of the ugly pragmatic world of the metropolis. Beautiful Natalie is completely indifferent to the distant space of the main character. Instead, the «cautious optimism» of the novel can be traced in the relationship with Nia. The ethical and visual aspect for the artistic persuasiveness of the story is also emphasized.In the image of the main character Gabr Silk, the author shows a person who has to compete with unfavorable circumstances for the right to be happy, to be himself, to live a private life, even a marginal one, not involved in social and political currents. At the same time, indecisiveness, doubts about the expediency of one’s active actions lead to the fact that other people usually solve his problems (Oks, Nia).
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Deepti, Shyam S. "Women\'s Reproductive Rights and Population Explosion." AMEI's Current Trends in Diagnosis & Treatment 1, no. 2 (2017): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10055-0025.
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Safaei, Jalil. "Democracy, human rights and women′s health." Mens Sana Monographs 10, no. 1 (2012): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1229.91303.
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Chenwi, Lilian. "Women´s Representation and Rights in the African Court." Age of Human Rights Journal, no. 18 (June 23, 2022): 345–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17561/tahrj.v18.6896.
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The African Union and African states’ have committed to upholding gender equality and women’s rights. A pivotal mechanism for advancing this commitment and human rights in general is the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, with its broad substantive jurisdiction. This article considers the legal basis for gender parity and the extent to which gender representation and women’s rights has been advanced through or by the Court. It establishes that though the Court’s jurisprudence on women’s right is quite scant, the Court has illustrated its potential and willingness to protect women’s rights through its advisory and contentious jurisdiction. Significant strides have also been made in attaining gender equality on the Court’s bench, but with more to be done in terms of substantive representation in the Court’s leadership positions.
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Fester, Gertrude. "Women Writing for Their Rights." Agenda, no. 46 (2000): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4066278.
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Kogima, Rudolph Octaviano, Pedro Antonio Araújo Simões, Lesley Mirian De Paula Santos, Raquel Ajub Moyses, Flávio Carneiro Hojaij, and Alfredo Luiz Jacomo. "Morphometry and frequency of the pyramidalis muscle in adult humans." Revista de Medicina 97, Suppl.1 (September 28, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v97isuppl.1p7-7.
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The pyramidalis muscle presents variable morphometry and frequency among populations, and the knowledge of such variations may serve as a support for clinical practice and surgical procedures. However, this muscle is little described in the medical literature, and studies of this order have not been performed in the brazilian population. Thus, we dissected 30 cadavers, exposing the pyramidalis and taking photos for posterior measuring in image processing program. We verified frequency - bilaterality, unilaterality and absence - and morphometry - medial border length and width at basis - of the muscle. We verified that there was length symmetry between right and left sides, but no width symmetry. Moreover, there were no statistically significant correlations between the muscle dimensions (length and width) and age, height, weight, nor gender, although, in the present study, men presented longer - but women wider - pyramidalis muscle. Furthermore, the dimensions range of the pyramidalis were bigger in men. Note: it was adopted significance level of 0.05; and two degrees of decimal accuracy. The data obtained was also compared to other studies, revealing that the brazilian population presented an average incidence compared to other populations and that unilaterality was more prevalent and its absence less prevalent than in other populations. Therefore: 1. Due to the muscle´s great variability it’s hard to use it as a reference for incisions; 2. The pyramidalis muscle proved to be very prevalent, enhancing the viability of using it as a graft and as source of stem cells for various purposes.
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Awodi, Peter Inalegwu. "‘Pilfering the commons’ through law: Global land governance and its impact on Nigerian smallholder women farmers in an age of land grabbing / Voler les biens communs par la loi: La gouvernance foncière mondiale et son impact sur les petites agricultrices nigérianes à l’ère de l’accaparement des terres." Journal of the African Union Commission on International Law 2021 (2021): 131–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/aucil/2021/a4.
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This study digresses from the dominant narratives advanced in extant literature which have mainly analysed the question of national sovereignty over natural resources in Nigeria from the perspective of contestations over crude oil in the restive Niger Delta region. This study brings a fresh insight to the debate about national sovereignty over natural resources by examining the interface between international law and national land governance laws in an age of land grabbing in Nigeria. This study reveals how provisions of the ‘Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests’, international human rights laws, international investment laws, the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended) and the Land Use Act of 1978 were deployed to reinforce land grabbing by foreign capitalist agribusiness firms in Nigeria. Findings from the study reveal how the 2007/2008 global economic recession shifted investors’ interest to agriculture, leading to a renewed interest in acquiring large swathes of farmlands in Nigeria. The instrumentality of international and Nigerian laws was deployed in the processes of acquiring, establishing and operationalising these controversial commercial farms. A combination of superimposing international and national legal frameworks underpinning investments, land tenure systems and human rights was invoked to acquire land to establish the 15 000-hectare Casplex Farms, the 13 000-hectare Shonga Farms, and the 10 000-hectare Olam International Rice Farm in northcentral Nigeria. Basically, provisions in section 12.1 of Part 4 of the FAO’s ‘Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests’, art 17(1) of the UDHR, s 43 of Part 4 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as amended), and s 28(1) of Part 5 of the Land Use Act of 1978 have reinforced land grabbing in Nigeria. At the same time, the study, which draws on historical and exploratory research designs, brings to light the human security implications of such expropriation of indigenous farmland used by vulnerable smallholder women farmers who hold fragile customary rights to land. The study recommends the review of legal instruments on the control of land resources to prevent exploitation by capitalist foreign investors and to provide adequate legal protection for peasants to curtail institutional arbitrariness. Cette étude se dissocie des études existantes dans la littérature qui ont le plus souvent analysé la question de la souveraineté nationale sur les ressources naturelles au Nigeria sous l’angle des contestations sur le pétrole brut dans la région rebelle du Delta du Niger. Cette étude apporte un nouvel aperçu dans le débat à propos de la souveraineté nationale sur les ressources naturelles en examinant l’interface entre le droit international et les lois nationales de gestion de la question foncière à l’ère de l’accaparement des terres au Nigeria. Cette étude révèle comment les dispositions des « Directives volontaires pour une gouvernance responsable des régimes fonciers applicables aux terres, aux pêches et aux forêts », les lois internationales sur les droits de l’homme, les lois internationales sur les investissements, la Constitution de la République Fédérale du Nigeria 1999 (telle que modifiée) et la loi sur l’utilisation de la terre ont été déployées pour renforcer l’accaparement des terres par les entreprises capitalistes étrangères agro-industrielles au Nigeria. Les recherches montrent comment la récession économique mondiale de 2007/2008 a dévié l’intérêt des investisseurs vers l’agriculture, ce qui a suscité un intérêt pour l’acquisition de grandes parcelles de terres agricoles. L’instrumentalisation des lois internationales et nigérianes ont été déployées dans ce processus d’acquisition, d’établissement et d’opération de ces plantations commerciales controversées. Une combinaison suprême des cadres juridiques internationaux et nationaux sous -tendant les investissements a été invoquée pour acquérir les terrains pour établir la plantation Casplex de 15 000 hectares, la plantation Shonga de 13 000 hectares, et la rizière d’Olam International de 10 000 hectares dans le centre-nord du Nigeria. Essentiellement, les dispositions de l’article 12 alinéa 1er Partie 4 des « Directives volontaires pour une gouvernance responsable des régimes fonciers applicables aux terres, aux pêches et aux forêts », de la FAO, article17 alinéa 1er de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’Homme, article 43 de la Partie 4 de la Constitution de la République Fédérale du Nigeria 1999 (telle que modifiée), et l’article 28 alinéa 1er de la loi sur l’utilisation de la terre de 1978 ont renforcé l’accaparement des terres au Nigeria. Dans le même temps, cette étude qui s’inspire des modèles de recherches historiques et exploratoires, met en relief les implications sur la sécurité humaine d’une telle expropriation des terres agricoles autochtones utilisées par des petites agricultrices détenant des droits coutumiers fragiles sur la terre. Cette étude recommande la revue des instruments juridiques sur le contrôle des ressources foncières afin de prévenir l’exploitation des investisseurs étrangers capitalistes et de prévoir une protection juridique adéquate aux paysans pour réduire l’arbitraire institutionnel.