Relevant bibliographies by topics / Women - regional studies

Academic literature on the topic 'Women - regional studies'

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Published: 25 July 2024
Last updated: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Women - regional studies"

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Hasanah, Iva. "Encouraging Pro-Feminist Public Policy through Gender Watch Movement: Studies in Gresik Regency." Jurnal Perempuan 22, no. 1 (February 20, 2017): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v22i1.161.

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Gender Watch is a strategy to advocate policy that is based on pro-women data. Gender Watch is developed to improve access and participation of poor and marginalized women to government social protection. The improvement of access started with the development of poor women capacity and organizing in grass root level with the establishment of Women School in Gresik Regency. In this school, women collect data, work with many stakeholders, submit the obtained data to the policy maker, and oversee the Regional Development Planning Forum (Musrenbang) in the village up to the regency. The work and the contribution of Women School in development force the Gresik Regional Government to be committed to allocate the budget for Women School and to replicate Women School in several villages. The commitment of the regional government is included in Mid-Term Regional Development Plan (RPJMD), City Work Plan (RKPD), and Regent’s regulation. The paper outlines the process and the experience of organizing in the grass root level and the data-based advocacy effort, so the policy advocacy strategy that stresses on the organizing of the grass root women through women schools, attracts the attention of the regional government to allocate the budget in the village level up to the regency level.
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Rönnblom, Malin. "Letting Women in? Gender Mainstreaming in Regional Policies." NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research 13, no. 3 (December 2005): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08038740600587711.

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Lotherington, Ann Therese. "Innovative Women and Gender‐Power in Norwegian Regional Development Policy1." NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research 13, no. 2 (November 2005): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08038740500367370.

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Malatzky, Christina. "Abnormal Mothers: Breastfeeding, Governmentality and Emotion Amongst Regional Australian Women." Gender Issues 34, no. 4 (November 19, 2016): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12147-016-9179-0.

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Ajuna, Luqmanul Hakiem. "THE URGENCY OF WOMEN'S LEADERSHIP IN THE BUDGET FORMULATION: ISLAMIC FINANCE PERSPECTIVE." Finansha: Journal of Sharia Financial Management 4, no. 2 (November 17, 2023): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/fjsfm.v4i2.30232.

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Although only four out of thirty-five regional apparatus organizations are led by women, women's participation in the regional revenue and expenditure budget in Gorontalo City has been so great. This can be seen in the strategic position in development budgeting and regional financial planning led by a woman. Therefore, in this study, researchers want to know and understand how the urgency of women leaders in government budgeting. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that is presented descriptively analytically and coupled with thematic studies of Islamic finance. The research location chosen is Gorontalo, which is nicknamed Serambi Madinah. The results showed that the choice of women to lead the regional planning, research and development agency is a proof of the existence of women in budgeting. The policy has provided space to voice the budget in favor of women themselves. In addition, the four female leaders who became the object of research succeeded in applying Islamic financial values in managing the regional budget, namely transparency (Siddiq) and accountability (Amanah). While in its dual function Islam does not prohibit women from appearing as leaders, but still pay attention to Islamic teachings and do not leave their main role in household affairs.
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Davies, Jeremy, Roshan Fernando, Andrew McLeod, Sonia Verma, and Philip Found. "Postural Stability following Ambulatory Regional Analgesia for Labor." Anesthesiology 97, no. 6 (December 1, 2002): 1576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200212000-00033.

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Background The safety of mobilization following low-dose regional analgesia in parturients remains controversial. Previous studies have demonstrated preserved balance function despite clinically elicited sensory deficits. The aim of this study was to use the Balance Master 6.1, a device capable of real-time analysis of ambulation, to score the performance of basic maneuvers following initiation of low-dose combined spinal-epidural analgesia in laboring women compared with pregnant and nonpregnant controls. Methods Using the Balance Master, balance function during the performance of several simple tasks, including walking and standing up from a sitting position, was evaluated in a prospective, controlled, observational study with 50 laboring women after combined spinal-epidural analgesia compared with 50 pregnant and 50 nonpregnant controls. Results Nonpregnant women scored significantly better results in 6 of the 13 measured balance function parameters compared with both the combined spinal-epidural and pregnant control groups. Compared with the nonpregnant subjects, the pregnant groups generated less force standing up from the sitting position (P < 0.0001), walked more slowly (P = 0.0067), and took shorter steps (P < 0.0001). They also took longer to step up onto and over a 20-cm-high obstacle (P < 0.0001), and they generated less force while stepping up. Initial spinal analgesia in laboring women did not significantly affect performance in comparison to the pregnant controls. Thirty-four percent of women in the combined spinal-epidural group required supplemental epidural analgesia following the initial spinal injection (n = 17) before testing; they had significantly impaired balance function in four tests compared with those receiving a spinal injection only (n = 33). Conclusions Being pregnant at term significantly affects balance function, although initial low-dose spinal-epidural analgesia does not impair function further. Subsequent supplemental epidural analgesia may have a detrimental effect on balance, but properly designed studies are awaited to confirm this. This study supports the practice of allowing laboring women with initial low-dose spinal-epidural analgesia to ambulate, but indicates that further studies need to be conducted on the effects of subsequent epidural supplementation.
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Nikolenko, Nataliya, and Yana Serova. "Modern Market Social Services: the Experience of Regional Studies." Logos et Praxis, no. 3 (December 2018): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2018.3.11.

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The study investigates the changes taking place in the domestic market of social services expressed in the appearance of "new players" in the form of socially oriented non-profit organizations (SO NPO) within its field in addition to public institutions for social protection and social services of the population. The authors identify the advantages and disadvantages of SO NGO compared to government organizations and social services, describe the processes of shadow economy expansion to the social services market and formation of regional "quasi-markets". The empirical part of the article is based on the data of two studies conducted in the form of indepth interviews. First, with experts on "Practices of interaction and prospects of cooperation between NPO and government organizations of social services in the Volgograd region", N = 52 (27 representatives of the public sector, 25 representatives of NPO, January-March 2018). Then with recipients of social services from government organizations and clients of SO NPO on the theme "Availability and quality of paid and free social services provided in the Volgograd region for retiring aged women" N = 46, 60 years and older (21 people-clients of SO NPO, 25 people-recipients of social services. services, October 2017 – January 2018). The analysis of these in-depth interviews with experts allowed to draw the following conclusions. There is a duplication of functions of the organizations of public and non-public sectors providing social services to the population. The activities of modern SO NPO operating in the social services market contain innovative and commercial components. The expansion of the "platform" of the social services market does not yet lead to full competition between organizations, encouraging them to constantly improve the quality of services. The analysis of in-depth interviews with recipients of social services from government organizations and customers of SO NPO showed that the commercialization of activities of SO NPO does not make social services more accessible to those who are in need of them. There is the necessity of changes in the way social services are being provided in the Volgograd region as they do not meet the needs of women of retirement age, do not take into account their level of income and material well-being.
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Hadjicharalambous, Demetris, and Stavros Parlalis. "Migrants’ Sexual Violence in the Mediterranean Region: A Regional Analysis." Sexes 2, no. 3 (July 5, 2021): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes2030024.

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Migration in the Mediterranean region has increased greatly during the last years. Reports and studies reveal that violence and injuries among refugees and migrants is a common occurrence in the WHO Europe Region. Available literature indicates that sexual violence incidents take place: (a) during the migratory journey to the host country, (b) while in detention centers, (c) once migrants have reached their destination, and (d) during the period in which a woman is subject of trafficking. This manuscript explores how sexual violence against refugee/immigrant women is presented in the international literature; a narrative review of the literature was conducted on the phenomenon of migration in the Mediterranean area, and specifically on sexual violence of migrant women. In order to face the challenges faced by migrant women victims of sexual violence, the following policies are suggested by international literature: (a) offer emergency medical and health care to sexual violence survivors, which is usually relatively limited, (b) offer mental health care and psychological support for sexual violence when planning services to provide clinical care, and (c) work towards the aim of transforming norms and values in order to promote gender equality and support non-violent behaviours.
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Khotkina, Zoya. "Regional labor markets: inequality of opportunities for women and men." Woman in russian society, no. 4 (December 20, 2023): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21064/winrs.2023.4.5.

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Darian-Smith, Kate. "The ‘girls’: women press photographers and the representation of women in Australian newspapers." Media International Australia 161, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16665002.

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In 1975, Fairfax News commemorated International Women’s Year by appointing Lorrie Graham as its first female cadet photographer. Women only joined the photographic staff of newspapers in significant numbers from the 1980s and were more likely to be employed on regional newspapers than the metropolitan dailies. This article draws on interviews with male and female press photographers collected for the National Library of Australia’s oral history programme. It provides an overview of the history of women press photographers in Australia, situating their working lives within an overtly masculine newspaper culture where gender inequity was entrenched. It also examines the gendered and evolving photographic representations of women in the Australian press, including those of women in positions of social and political leadership. Although women press photographers have achieved greater recognition in the 2000s, the transformation of the media industry has impacted the working practices and employment of press photographers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women - regional studies"

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Demiri, Lirika. "Stories of Everyday Resistance, Counter-memory, and Regional Solidarity: Oral Histories of Women Activists in Kosova." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524073114946126.

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Hale, Julie Elizabeth. "Creating the Appalachian Woman: An Anthology of Appalachian Women Writers, 1865-1884." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/990.

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This anthology of nineteenth-century women’s regional fiction, written in the mode of canon revision, explores how persistent stereotypes of Appalachian women originated. These stereotypes are not merely identified but are also considered in the context of women’s studies. Works by the following six authors are included: Elizabeth Appleton, Rebecca Harding Davis, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Constance Fenimore Woolson, Sherwood Bonner, and Mary Noailles Murfree. Topics addressed include nineteenth-century women as authors, the influence of northern literary magazines on regional writing, the image of the Appalachian woman in fiction, and the critical evaluation of primary texts. Original work required for the completion of a master’s thesis comes by way of a thirty-page analytical introduction, six biographical headnote entries, and an extended bibliography of primary works by Appalachian women writers.
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Fitzgerald, Katherine Elizabeth. "No Pure Lands: The Contemporary Buddhism of Tibetan Lay Women." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586599037356041.

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Roades, Rebecca Nicole. "Dual Consciousness: Identity Construction Among Appalachian Professional Women in Southern Ohio." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1317250592.

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Schwartz, Jana E. "The Impact of Cargo Bikes on the Travel Patterns of Women." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2016. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1584.

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There are a number of issues preventing the rollout of cargo bikes as a transportation mode in the United States. One concern that has been raised is whether cargo bikes can function as a gender equitable transportation solution in the United States, given documented gender gaps in national bike riding statistics and ongoing inequities in childcare in 2-parent heterosexual households. The research is aimed at reviewing the practicality, enjoyment, and outcome of cargo bike use as a gender equitable transportation solution. This research contributes to new knowledge in gender equitable transportation in 2 ways — a) gender-focused analysis of survey data regarding cargo bikes use; b) extended open-ended interviews with mothers with cargo bikes. Qualitative and quantitative data from surveys and interviews explore the influence of cargo bikes on transportation patterns and follow how behavior, attitude, spatial context, and perception varies between riders. Specific attention is given to the use of cargo bikes by women with children, as this demographic represents a minority group in the bicycle community and a group who could benefit most from the capabilities of a cargo bike design. Research shows, mothers spend more hours a day around their children and take part in more child-related activities. Therefore, the comfort and feasibility of the cargo bike for women with children becomes the topic of exploration to determine whether this mode type is a functional substitution for trips usually made by an automobile. Through the collection of a nation-wide survey of cargo bike riders and in-person interviews with mothers in San Luis Obispo, CA who currently use a cargo bike to transport their children and goods, the research assesses the travel patterns of women and the emotional and physical benefits cargo bikes can provide to this specific demographic. Results show that benefits of cargo bike use include boding opportunities with children and a more enjoyable commute, while barriers to use include ill-performing bicycle infrastructure and time allocation for trips made by the cargo bike, in comparison to the automobile. Mode substitution behavior from the automobile to the cargo bike is geographically and culturally specific, but as results from both parts of the study show, women are receptive to cargo bike use and demonstrate a powerful demographic that has the potential to influence the travel patterns of current and future commuters to shift away from automobile dependency.
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Huffman, Debra Kay 1952. "Fear in the landscape: Characteristics of the designed environment as they relate to the perceived and actual safety of women from assault and rape." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278604.

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Research has shown that women perceive, use, and experience space differently than men, in part, because of gender issues and fear of victimization for violent crimes. Recent research has focused on the built environment, violence against women, and the social context of a university. The research study described here investigated women's perception of and actual safety from assault and rape on The University of Arizona campus. Sites perceived as safe and unsafe were identified from responses of 100 women students and administrators. Police reports of 132 campus assaults of women were used to identify sites of past rapes and assaults. Two outdoor sites were assessed in a preliminary study of two environmental audit methods. Findings from this study indicated that respondents perceived the campus as being very safe during the day but unsafe at night. Sites of previous assaults on women overlapped little with the areas women associated with fear.
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Brown, Rebekah A. S. "The League of Women Voters, Social Change, and Civic Education in 1920's Ohio." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu155473074939274.

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Kegley, Michele Dawn. "Socio-Economic Stability and Independence of Appalachian Women." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1327600618.

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Fitzgerald, Jenrose D. "SCIENCE WARS AS CULTURE WARS: FRACKING AND THE BATTLE FOR THE HEARTS AND MINDS OF WOMEN." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/sociology_etds/18.

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In this thesis, I examine how claims regarding the environmental and health impacts of hydraulic fracturing or “fracking” are constructed by industry advocates who promote the practice and environmental and social justice groups who reject it. More specifically, I examine the cultural underpinnings of the debate over fracking, and the prominence of gender as a central framing device in that debate. While the controversy over fracking is often presented as scientific or technical in nature, I maintain that it is as much a culture war as it is a science war. I demonstrate this by showing how both pro-fracking and anti-fracking groups mobilize cultural symbols and identities—motherhood, environmentalism, family farming, family values, individualism, and patriotism among them—in order to persuade the public and advocate for their positions. I contend that engagement with the cultural and ideological dimensions of those debates, including their gendered dimensions, is as important as engagement with its scientific and technical dimensions. Ultimately, I argue that a greater focus on gender contributes to our understanding of environmental risk more broadly, and to the field of environmental sociology as a whole. As such, gender deserves more scholarly attention within the field than it is currently receiving.
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Borges, Elinielle Pinto. "Gênero, ciência e contexto regional: analisando diferenças entre docentes da pós-graduação de duas universidades brasileiras." Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://ridi.ibict.br/handle/123456789/840.

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Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2016-06-27T16:57:27Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_Elinielle_FINAL_27_02_2015.pdf: 560765 bytes, checksum: c8d03daa008e77dce5ba49712528246e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T16:57:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação_Elinielle_FINAL_27_02_2015.pdf: 560765 bytes, checksum: c8d03daa008e77dce5ba49712528246e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28
Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar desigualdade de gênero nas tarefas acadêmicas dos docentes-pesquisadores da pós-graduação, assim como identificar mecanismos que contribuem para o estabelecimento e perpetuação dessas desigualdades A discussão teórica apresenta argumentos sobre diferenças de gênero na sociedade em geral, e na ciência em particular. A abordagem empírica selecionou como campo de estudo duas universidades federais: a UFRJ e a UFMA, visando também a identificação de diferenças regionais, através de análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Para a abordagem quantitativa foram utilizados dados secundários já trabalhados no estudo de Leta et al. (2013). Um sub-conjunto desses dados sobre as duas instituições foi gerado para este estudo que envolveu informações sobre o total de 2667 docentes-pesquisadores. A abordagem qualitativa envolveu entrevistas realizadas junto a 14 coordenadores da pós-graduação das universidades mencionadas. O roteiro de entrevista buscou conhecer diferenças de uma cultura de gênero nas escolhas profissionais, no exercício das tarefas acadêmicas, no estabelecimento de obstáculos na carreira científica, e na sobrecarga das atividades relacionadas à educação dos filhos. A análise dos dados quantitativos mostrou, entre outros aspectos, que os cursos da UFRJ têm desempenho superior aos da UFMA. Focalizando as desigualdades de gênero, verificou-se um maior equilíbrio entre homens e mulheres no desempenho das tarefas acadêmicas na UFMA do que na UFRJ. A análise das entrevistas mostrou que os docentes-pesquisadores, homens e mulheres, tendem a não ver diferenças de gênero na academia e que ambos os sexos carregam preconceitos em relação a diferenças de habilidades entre homens e mulheres. As falas dos entrevistados sugerem ainda que o peso do desequilíbrio de gênero no exercício das tarefas domésticas, e seu impacto nas atividades das mulheres se faz sentir, inclusive, no sentimento de culpa carregado pelas mulheres que chegaram ao topo da carreira científica. Sobre as diferenças regionais, os pesquisadores da UFMA demonstram sentir barreiras e dificuldades no exercício da atividade científica em região menos desenvolvida.
This study aims to examine gender inequality in academic tasks of graduate faculty, as well as identify mechanisms that contribute to the establishment and perpetuation of these inequalities. The theoretical discussion presents arguments about gender differences in society in general, and science in particular. The empirical approach selected as a field of study two federal universities: UFRJ and UFMA, aiming also to identify regional differences, through quantitative and qualitative analysis. For the quantitative approach we used secondary data already worked on during the study Leta et al. (2013). A subset of this data on the two institutions was generated for this study which involved information about a total of 2667 teachers-researchers. The qualitative approach involved interviews conducted with 14 graduate coordinators of the universities mentioned. The interview script aimed to detect differences in gender culture in career choices, in the exercise of academic tasks, in the establishment of obstacles in a scientific career, and in the overload of activities related to education of children. The analysis of the quantitative data showed, among other things, that the UFRJ courses have outperformed those of UFMA. Focusing on gender inequalities, there was a better balance between men and women in the performance of academic tasks in UFMA than at UFRJ. The analysis of the interviews showed that teachers-researchers, men and women, tend not to see gender differences in academia and that both sexes carry prejudices about the differences in skills between men and women. The statements of the respondents also suggest that the weight of the gender imbalance in the performance of household chores, and their impact on the activities of women is felt even in the sense of guilt carried by women who reached the top of the scientific career. Regarding regional differences, the researchers of UFMA are shown to feel barriers and difficulties in the exercise of scientific activity in a less developed region.
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Books on the topic "Women - regional studies"

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Cynthia, Nelson, and Altorki Soraya, eds. Arab regional women's studies workshop. Cairo, Egypt: American University in Cairo Press, 1998.

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Powers, Elizabeth, Joyce Lebra, and Joy Paulson. Women in changing Japan. London: Routledge, 2019.

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United Nations Centre for Human Settlements., ed. Women and human settlements development. Nairobi: United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat), 1989.

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Indian Association for Women's Studies., ed. In search of pasts?: History, women's movements, and women's studies : consolidated report of the seminars on women and regional histories. Secunderabad: Indian Association for Women's Studies, 2000.

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Hilden, Patricia. Working women and socialist politics in France 1880-1914: A regional study. Oxford: Clarendon, 1986.

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Julinda, Abu Nasr, Lorfing Irini, Chimienti Giovanni, and Beirut University College. Institute for Women's Studies in the Arab World., eds. Women and economic development in the Arab world: A regional conference = Les femmes et le développement économique dans le monde arabe : une conférence régionale. Beirut: The Institute, 1988.

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Lamptey, Comfort. Accelerating the contributions of market women to national & regional development in West Africa: A consolidated report on four country studies, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria & Sierra Leone. [Accra, Ghana]: African Women's Development Fund, 2016.

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Jackson, C. ' Women in the NHS': Experiences in South East Thames : a report for South East Thames Regional Health Authority. Brighton: Institute of Manpower Studies, 1993.

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1962-, Lee Steven Hugh, and Chang Yunshik, eds. Transformations in twentieth century Korea. New York: Routledge, 2006.

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S, Kimmel Michael, and Traver Amy Elizabeth 1975, eds. Women, family, and class: The Lillian Rubin reader. Boulder, CO: Paradigm, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Women - regional studies"

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Watson, Danielle, Loene Howes, Sinclair Dinnen, Melissa Bull, and Sara N. Amin. "Women and the Institution of Policing in the Pacific." In Palgrave's Critical Policing Studies, 151–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10635-4_6.

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AbstractGender equality has increasingly been a focus for governments of Pacific Islands countries (PICs) and the international, regional, and local organisations working with them. As the most visible arm of governance, police organisations have attracted significant attention in terms of the gender agenda due to their role in responding to issues affecting women. This shift can be attributed to increased recognition of gender inequality in PICs and its association with high rates of crimes against women. This chapter discusses the changing place of women in highly gendered policing organisations internationally and in the Pacific. It considers influences on gender in Pacific policing associated with international, regional, and national frameworks, policies, and agendas aimed at improving women’s circumstances. The chapter then explores how regional instability and gender-based violence have shaped female officers’ participation in policing and provides examples of the impacts of their involvement in regional initiatives.
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Gotfredsen, Anders, Christian Hassager, and Claus Christiansen. "Total and Regional Bone Mass in Healthy and Osteoporotic Women." In In Vivo Body Composition Studies, 101–6. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1473-8_15.

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Anyansi-Archibong, Chi. "Regional Perspectives of Women Entrepreneurs: Similarities, Differences, and Contributing Forces." In Palgrave Studies of Entrepreneurship in Africa, 55–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66280-6_4.

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McNamee, Terence, and Monde Muyangwa. "Introduction." In The State of Peacebuilding in Africa, 3–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46636-7_1.

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Abstract The introduction briefly summarizes the thematic chapters in the book (conflict prevention, mediation and management; post-conflict reconstruction, justice and DDR; the role of women, religion, humanitarianism, grassroots organizations and early warning systems; and regional and continental bodies) as well as the country/region case studies (the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan/South Sudan, Mozambique and the Sahel/Mali). The introduction also outlines the key conceptual and definitional challenges and explains what sets this volume apart from others in the ever-expanding literature on peacebuilding in Africa. Of several recurrent themes in the book that merit closer scrutiny, the introduction highlights: funding challenges; managing expectations; tensions between grassroots dynamics and peace-building at the elite level; varying effectiveness of regional economic communities and the African Union; and frequent lack of coordination between donors and partners on the ground.
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Hapke, Holly M. "Crossing Borders, Exotic Women and the Challenge of Teaching Gender in World Regional Geography and Area Studies Courses." In Bridging Worlds – Building Feminist Geographies, 19–28. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032275611-4.

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Kröger, Teppo. "Social Inequalities and Care Poverty." In Care Poverty, 155–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97243-1_7.

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AbstractThis chapter discusses the connections between care poverty and key dimensions of social inequalities (income, educational, gender, regional, ethnic, and racial inequalities). The findings are partly surprising and contradictory. A low income level is a risk factor for personal care poverty in some but not in all countries, while it is more systematically associated with practical care poverty and socio-emotional care poverty. A low level of education does not typically predict care poverty. Neither does gender, though at the same time the clear majority of older people in care poverty are women. Some studies identify an ethnic or racial gradient in care poverty, minorities being more likely to have unmet needs. However, several studies fail to show statistical significance for this difference. Concerning regional inequalities, there are major differences in care poverty rates across different areas, at least in geographically large countries, and in some cases also between rural and urban areas. The chapter ends by arguing that care poverty should be seen as a dimension of inequality in its own right. When some people receive adequate care while others do not, a new type of inequality emerges.
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van Deinsen, Lieke. "Female Faces in the Fraternity. Printed Portraits Galleries and the Construction and Circulation of Images of Learned Women in the Republic of Letters." In Gender and Cultural Mediation in the Long Eighteenth Century, 123–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46939-8_5.

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AbstractHow women tried to secure a place in the early modern male-dominated intellectual field has been the subject of numerous studies over the last decade. The most visible sign of their growing presence in the intellectual field—their printed portraits—has, however, received surprisingly little critical attention. This chapter discusses printed portraits of learned women as vehicles of public image in the male-dominated Republic of Letters. It unravels how the inclusion of the likenesses of four prominent contemporary learned women—Luise Gottsched, Emilie Du Châtelet, Laura Bassi and Magdalena Sibylla Rieger—in one of the most ambitious printed portrait galleries of the eighteenth century, the Bilder-Sal, contributed to their representation as intellectual authority in the Republic of Letters. Especially due to their visual nature their portraits proved ideal vehicles to readily disseminated representations of female intellectual authority across regional, national and linguistic borders, finding their ways to the study rooms of prominent scholars. As such, they contributed to a more inclusive image of the intellectual across Europe. It remained, however, a fine line between embodying intellectual authority and maintaining female modesty. Besides reflections on their intellectual capacities, these women’s portraits continued to spark discussions on their physical—and evidently female—appearances.
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Naguib, Rabia. "Grounded Approach to Women’s Empowerment: Understanding the Complexities." In Gulf Studies, 13–53. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6006-4_2.

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AbstractThe Middle East has undergone profound social, political, and economic changes over time, leading to reconfiguration of the positions and status of Arab men and women in relation to the state and the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic, the Arab Spring, and the 2008 financial crisis have all had significant impacts, particularly on Arab women, who have become the focus of policies aimed at “empowering” them. Before exploring the relationship between women’s empowerment and public policy, it is crucial to understand the concept of empowerment within its context, through the perspectives and narratives of women themselves. This chapter examines the concept of women’s empowerment in the context of Arab Gulf states, with a specific focus on Qatar, by exploring the meaning and perceptions of working and non-working women and the role of religious beliefs, moral values, and family. A holistic and dialectical approach is used to understand the complex and multidimensional nature of women’s empowerment and to highlight the intersectionality between gender, religion, and identity in the region. A deductive and inductive logic is adopted, drawing on both theoretical literature and practical interviews to offer a conceptual and empirical contribution to the field of women’s empowerment.
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Standal, Karina, Anne Sophie Daloz, and Elena Kim. "A Gendered Approach to Understanding Climate Change Impacts in Rural Kyrgyzstan." In SpringerBriefs in Climate Studies, 123–34. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29831-8_10.

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AbstractThis chapter explores climate change impacts and the related experiences and realities of local women in rural Kyrgyzstan by combining research on the physical impacts of climate change in the Central Asian region with an analysis of ethnographic accounts of local people’s farming and energy-use practices. Our analysis reveals how interlinked material, social and cultural realities of local communities manifest in social differentiation that enables or limits women’s capacities to cope with climate change and engage in adaptation practices. The post-Soviet period has diminished rural women’s access to social protection and economic opportunities while reinforcing patriarchal gender norms, depriving women of land ownership rights and decision-making power over strategic life decisions.
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Naguib, Rabia. "Navigating Uncharted Waters: Women Empowerment and Public Policy in the Context of the Arab Gulf States." In Gulf Studies, 1–11. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6006-4_1.

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AbstractThis Open Access book offers a comprehensive examination of the various aspects of women’s empowerment and public policy in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with a focus on Qatar. The GCC countries have made women’s empowerment a national priority and implemented policies in line with SDG5, which promotes gender equality. The book features qualitative research based on the experiences and perspectives of women, giving insight into how women’s empowerment is being envisioned and realized in the GCC context. The adopted context-driven approach considers local values and the Islamic worldview and highlights the ideological and epistemological challenges posed by the differences between Western and Majority-Muslim referential systems. This book provides a deeper and nuanced understanding of the complexities of promoting women’s empowerment in the GCC region and is a valuable resource for scholars and policymakers working on gender and empowerment, particularly in the Gulf and Arab world.
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Conference papers on the topic "Women - regional studies"

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Fatima, SLIMANI. "Criminal Protection of Women from Violence in Algerian Legislation." In I.International Congress ofWoman's Studies. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lady.con1-25.

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Criminal protection for women includes the protection of human life, health, bodily integrity and social and economic security through legislation that strives to reduce attacks on their life, health and security needs. In the interest of the Algerian legislator to protect women, he issued many laws to regulate this protection, in line with international and regional agreements aimed at protecting women from violence, which Algeria has ratified, especially the Convention "CEDAW", which prohibits all forms of discrimination against women, and this is evident through the Algerian legislator's amendment of the Algerian Penal Code under Order 19/15 of 30/12/2015, which includes new texts criminalizing various forms of violence against women, such as the crime of sexual harassment and crimes of domestic violence against women. It was physical or moral violence, with the tightening of its penalties up to custodial penalties and financial fines, and with the aim of the legislator to try to limit the spread of this phenomenon in Algerian society. Keywords: Custodial Penalties, Moral Violence, Tightening.
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Kharchenko, Ekaterina V. "The Women – Scientists’ Contribution To The Development Of A Regional Agricultural University." In Conference on Land Economy and Rural Studies Essentials. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2022.02.19.

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Dewi, Evie Ariadne Sinta. "Patriarchal Political Culture, Obstacles of Women Political Performance Case Study of West Java Province in 2018 Regional Heads Election." In International Conference on Media and Communication Studies(ICOMACS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icomacs-18.2018.57.

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Pektaş, G. Aslı, and Hülya Kurgun. "Women Entrepreneurs Making a Difference in the Tourism Sector." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c15.02831.

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Studies on entrepreneurship have long assumed that male and female entrepreneurs are similar. For this reason, the majority of these studies are criticized as gender blind. However, studies in recent years reveal that there are differences between male and female entrepreneurs on many issues such as access to resources, social and cultural pressures, motivation, access to education, roles and expectations that are formed and internalized by the society, especially due to the patriarchal structure. Therefore, it is important to consider women entrepreneurship separately. Women entrepreneurship, which is mostly handled from a neo-liberal perspective, causes social changes such as empowerment and awareness of women, awareness and elimination of gender inequality, as well as economic outcomes. With this approach, the study examines women entrepreneurs operating in the tourism sector, who received the "women entrepreneur award that makes a difference" given by various foundations and banks to support entrepreneurship in Turkey. The aim of the study is to evaluate the important roles played by women entrepreneurs, who are considered as idle labor force, in the development of the national and regional economy. In the study, the observable and measurable values and differences created by women entrepreneurs in the social and cultural structure through their role as "change agents", which have been ignored until now, are revealed. The study emphasizes the necessity of policies to further support women's entrepreneurship for social development.
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Belluco, Rosana Zabulon Feijó, Melissa de Andrade Baqueiro, Flávio Lúcio Vasconcelos, Paulo Eduardo Silva Belluco, and Carmelia Matos Santiago Reis. "MOLECULAR SUBTYPES OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN SEEN AT A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1057.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm among women worldwide. The advent of genetic studies and DNA microarrays and their proteins had made it possible to correlate the patterns of gene expression of each type of cancer in different women, associate them with other prognostic factors, and verify the clinical evolution and therapeutic response. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique is based on the detection of protein cellular constituents — antigens — and based on the identification and classification of specific cells in the tissue sample. Immunohistochemical panels have been traced to determine breast cancer subtypes, to reproduce gene expression profiles, which have specific treatments. Different molecular subtypes have been established associated with differences in survival and treatment. The four main types in clinical practice are luminal A, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and triple negative. Objective: The aim of this study was to trace the epidemiological profile of the molecular subtypes of breast cancer in women treated at the Hospital Regional da Asa Norte-Brasília, DF. Methods: Cross-sectional, longitudinal, and retrospective study through the analysis of 138 electronic medical records stored on the TrakCare® platform of cases of women diagnosed with breast cancer, with known histological type, and who underwent IHC examination to determine the molecular subtype. The study included women who attended between January 2015 and December 2020, in the Mastology Department of Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (HRAN). Results: The most common molecular subtype was luminal B, with 65 of the total cases, equivalent to 47.1%. Luminal A subtype was the subtype of 41 cases, equivalent to 29% and being the second most observed subtype. Triple negative was recorded in 21 of the cases, corresponding to 15.2%. The least observed subtype was HER2 overexpression, with 11 cases and 7.9% of the cases. Two participants had local recurrence within less than 2 years of diagnosis, changing from luminal A to luminal B, and luminal B to luminal A. The mean age of the women in the study at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer was 51.5 years, with age extremes of 17 and 86 years. Conclusion: The most prevalent molecular subtype in this sample studied was luminal B, corroborating other studies carried out in the Brazilian population and diverging from the international literature, in which it is the luminal A subtype. Epidemiological knowledge can guide the elaboration of public policies to improve the quality of care, such as drug planning and neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments with the best results.
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Soares, Leonardo Ribeiro, and Matheus Gonçalves Ribeiro. "Kinesiotherapy and quality of life after breast cancer surgery: A systematic review with meta-analysis." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2023. Mastology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942023v33s1018.

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Objective: To verify whether kinesiotherapy has an influence on the quality of life of women with breast cancer in the postoperative period. Methodology: This is a meta-analysis conducted under the recommendations of Cochrane and PRISMA. The search was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library databases, searching for randomized and observational studies that compared the performance of kinesiotherapy protocols versus the non-performance in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. The evaluated outcomes were global health status, physical function, emotional function, and social function. Statistical analyses were performed using the RevMan 5.1.7 program, and heterogeneity was evaluated with I². Results: A total of 190 patients were included in 4 studies, with a mean age of 54.28 (±9.91) years. Of this sample, 139 (73.16%) underwent mastectomy. Three studies performed a before– after evaluation, and one study evaluated intervention versus non-intervention in two different groups. Among the evaluated outcomes, global health status (Std. MD 0.78; 95%CI 0.13–1.43; p=0.02; I²=87%) and social function (Std. MD 0.53; 95%CI 0.14–0.92; p=0.007; I²=56%) showed significant results favoring kinesiotherapy. As for the outcomes physical function (Std. MD 1.05; 95%CI 0.04–2.15; p=0.06; I²=94%) and emotional function (Std. MD 0.53; 95%CI 0.36–1.42; p=0.25; I²=91%), we did not observe statistical significance. Conclusion: Kinesiotherapy can improve the quality of life of women undergoing surgical treatment for breast cancer, especially in terms of overall health status and social functioning. Physical function and emotional function were not benefited by the intervention, but the inclusion of new studies and the increase in the sample size can reverse this result.
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Ustabaş, Ayfer, and Tanses Yasemin Gülsoy. "The Relationships Between the Female Labor Force Participation Rate and Economic Development: A Correlation Analysis for Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01912.

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Integration of women into the labor market has been a crucial indicator of economic development and social welfare. Although Turkey has taken important steps in terms of integrating with the world economy by shifting from an import-substituting industrialization model to an export-oriented growth strategy from the 1980s onward, female labor force participation rates and the significant regional variations in these rates indicate that women’s integration into the labor force has not kept pace with economic development. The influence of economic growth on female employment participation has been discussed in many studies. But, studies analyzing the interdependent relationship of female labor force participation and economic growth as well as the interplay of labor force participation and sectoral GDP growth have been limited. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap by evaluating the relationships between female labor force participation rate and economic growth expressed by GDP per capita levels in Turkey for the 1990-2015 period, using data from the World Development Indicators (WDI) 2017 database of the World Bank. The empirical findings point to a strong correlation between the rate of female labor force participation in industry and services sectors and economic development.
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Belluco, Rosana Zabulon Feijó, Camila Pinheiro Carvalho, Paulo Eduardo Silva Belluco, Júllia Eduarda Feijó Belluco, and Carmelia Matos Santiago Reis. "DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU OF BREAST: CASES ANALYSIS IN AN ACADEMIC HOSPITAL IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1027.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in women, after skin cancer, and one of the leading causes of cancer death in women. Diagnosing it as a premalignant lesion or “in situ” becomes challenging in the current conjuncture. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a proliferation of malignant epithelial cells within the breast ducts. These cells have a predilection for the terminal duct lobular unit and are restricted to the basement membrane of the ducts. Through mammographic screening, it is possible to identify DCIS, which is responsible for about 20% of cancers detected by mammography. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, radiological, anatomopathological, and therapeutic aspects of patients with DCIS of the breast treated at an academic hospital in Federal District, Brazil. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational studies were carried out through the analysis of electronic medical records of cases of patients diagnosed with DCIS, treated at the Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (HRAN) (Brasília/Federal District/Brazil), from March 2014 to March 2020. Results: Of the 196 patients surgically treated for breast cancer, only 19 (9.69%) had a diagnosis of DCIS. The mean age was 52.9 years, and the greatest involvement was in the fourth decade, with 28.57% of cases being referred to palpation of a breast lump. Most patients were symptomatic (57.14%). Most mammograms were categorized as BI-RADS IV (47.36%), with clustered microcalcifications being the most frequent finding (42.85%). The concordance rate between preoperative and postoperative biopsies was 61.53%. Most tumors were categorized as luminal B (42.85%) on immunohistochemistry. Only 49.8% of the patients underwent conservative surgery, and the axillary evaluation by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was fulfilled in 14.6%. Mastectomy was performed in 50.2% of cases and in this group 94.7%, there was also axillary surgery by SLNB. In 5% had lymph node microinvasion. Half of the analyzed patients underwent radiotherapy after surgery, and 57.14% underwent hormone therapy. Conclusion: The low rate of DCIS in the study (9.69%) and the involvement of the disease in women under 50 years of age lead us to question the scope and accessibility of the mammographic screening program in the Brazilian Health Unified System (SUS) users, treated at the HRAN. We still have high rates of mastectomy and axillary surgery in the treatment of DCIS. Axillary dissection should be discouraged and SLNB carried out in specific cases. Knowing women with DCIS is essential to design interventions with the purpose of directing public policies to the population at risk, enabling early diagnosis, and improving the effectiveness of treatment.
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Rodrigues, Pedro Vitor Ferreira, Amanda Pereira Sindeaux Pinheiro, Raoni de Oliveira da Silva Domingues, Leonardo José Rodrigues de Araújo Melo, and Cássia Caroline Aguiar da Ponte. "Epidemiologic review: an analysis of the incidence of botulism in southeast Brazil from 2011-2021." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.345.

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Introduction: Botulism is a rare life-threatening condition caused by Clostridium Botulinum bacteria toxins, which attack the various parts of the nervous system, like nerves, spinal cord and brain, causing symptoms, like dry mouth, facial weakness, trouble breathing and, in the worst cases, even paralysis. Being, for all the risks that this disease represents, a very important object of study and observation. Objectives: Analyze the epidemiological profile of confirmed cases of botulism in the Southeast region of the country during the years 2011–2021. Methods: This work was made using the data, from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the Information Department of the Unified Health System of Brazil, about the botulism. The data has been selected to represent only the 4 states, São Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Minas Gerais (MG) and Espírito Santo (ES), of the southeast region. Results: The Brazil had 60 cases of botulism in the analyzed period, with 41.5% of them being in the Southeast region. SP had the most cases in the region with 56% of them, followed by MG with 24% and by RJ with 20%. No cases have been reported in ES. 92% of the reports were foodborne botulism showing an absolute prevalence of this spread form. With a deviation of ±1.35 in the botulism cases over the years. Among those diagnosed, 48% were women and 52% men. Still, 56% of the people were white. Conclusion: With the data collected, it is possible to perceive a stable wave of incidence throughout the entire period, with major regional distortions. In addition, the overwhelming prevalence of the foodborne form of the disease is noticeable. however, due to the small number of cases, much of the data suffer from poor sampling and therefore may be biased, such as gender and race data, thus requiring more longitudinal studies to reach relevant numbers for this type of analysis.
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Teixeira, Marina Diogenes, Maria Isabela Bloise Alves Caldas Sawada, Anna Lya Menezes Martins, Andre Mattar, and Luiz Henrique Gebrim. "ANALYSIS OF MALIGNITY RATES OF PERCUTANEOUS BIOPSY IN LYMPH NODES OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1002.

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Introduction: The evaluation of regional lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer is one of the main predictive and prognostic factors for treatment. The methods of percutaneous evaluation of suspicious lymph nodes frequently used are fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and core-needle biopsy (CNB). According to the international literature, CNB and FNA are considered diagnostic methods with high specificity (98% vs. 99%). H, the FNA may present up to 21% of inconclusive results by insufficient material. Although CNB is well established as a percutaneous method for diagnostic evaluation of suspected breast lesions, the literature is scarce on the use of this technique for the evaluation of suspicious lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. Objectives: Analyze the positivity of FNA and CNB performed in suspicious lymph nodes for breast cancer metastasis according to the anatomical location of biopsies and the type of needle used, verifying which technique was preferred. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted by evaluating the database of patients treated in the non-palpable lesions sector of a public hospital in São Paulo. Women submitted to ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of lymph nodes from May 2015 to November 2019 were included in the study. The data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS version 27 and Microsoft EXCEL version 2010. Results: A total of 499 biopsies were performed, and the mean age of the women was 54.2 years (SD±11.9) in the CNB group and 53.4 years (SD±11.8) in the FNA group (p=0.619). According to the anatomical location, 385 were axillary (77.2%), 62 supraclavicular (12.4%), 48 cervical (9.6%) and 4 infraclavicular (0.8%). Regarding the type of needle, 393 were CNBs (78.8%) and 106 were FNA (21.2%). When analyzing the results of the FNA, 38 (35.8%) did not present enough material, 31 (29.2%) were positive, 32 (30.2%) were negative and 5 (4.8%) showed atypical cells. Among the 393 CNBs performed, 255 (64.9%) were positive, 132 (33.6%) were negative, 1 (0.3%) showed atypical cells and 5 (1.3%) had no representative material. No complications were reported after the procedures. Conclusions: CNB was the preferred diagnostic technique in our service, being considered a feasible procedure to evaluate lymph nodes in different sites and with low rates of inconclusive results due to insufficient material. In the future, studies evaluating indirect costs may confirm the feasibility of CNB in patients with suspicious lymph nodes in terms of obtaining greater agility and resolutive conducts in the public healthcare system.
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Reports on the topic "Women - regional studies"

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Kelly, Luke. Direct and Indirect Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Women and Girls. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.141.

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This rapid literature review finds that women have been disproportionately affected by Covid-19 in several ways. As the Covid-19 pandemic began, it was widely predicted that women would face worse outcomes than men in many spheres. This was based on evidence of pre-existing inequalities (e.g. the high share of women in informal work) and evidence from earlier disease outbreaks such as Ebola. Evidence from the past year and a half supports the idea that women have been disproportionately affected by Covid-19 in many of the issues investigated for this report. A wide-ranging World Bank review of evidence from April 2020 to April 2021 states that “women often appear to have lost out more than men economically and socially” (Nieves et al., 2021, p. 4). It was not possible to find evidence on the effect of Covid-19 on women’s role in the green economy and the effects of climate change (beyond calls for inclusive green growth), or on gender stereotyping in the media (although there is a small amount of literature on perceptions of women leaders during the pandemic). In all cases, the effect of Covid-19 and measures to suppress it have directly or indirectly continued or worsened pre-existing inequalities. In some instances, Covid-19 has created distinct difficulties for women (e.g. lockdowns and increased domestic violence). This report has found no evidence of Covid-19 improving the position of women in the areas of interest surveyed, beyond possible benefits from working from home for some women in high-income countries; and some suggestions that female leadership during the pandemic may lead to better perceptions of women (Piazza & Diaz, 2020). Studies also point to the intersection of gender with other factors, such as caste and ethnicity, leading to worse outcomes (Chen et al., 2021; Kabeer et al., 2021). In many cases, migrant women and women with disabilities are at an increased disadvantage. The report focuses on evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and G7 members. It is not comprehensive but surveys the available evidence focusing on global, regional or synthesis evidence to provide a more representative coverage. It, therefore, does not cover every context or provide any country case studies and overlooks variations in some countries in favour of broader trends.
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Tinsley, Brian, Sarah Cacicio, Zohal Shah, Daniel Parker, Odelia Younge, and Christina Luke Luna. Micro-credentials for Social Mobility in Rural Postsecondary Communities: A Landscape Report. Digital Promise, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/151.

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This landscape report explores the impact of earning micro-credentials on the social mobility of rural learners. Through four in-depth case studies, we show how earning micro-credentials may lead to credential attainment, workforce entry, promotions, and/or economic improvements (e.g., salary increase, prioritizing learners impacted by poverty), particularly for Black, Latino, and Indigenous populations, as well as women. All of the initiatives emphasize the need for strong regional partnerships across educational sectors and deeper efforts to engage communities of color to lead to greater impact. Preliminary research indicates that micro-credentials can—and in some cases, do—lead to job promotions, higher wages, and an increase in self-confidence for rural learners.
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Meeker, Jessica. Mutual Learning for Policy Impact: Insights from CORE. Sharing Experience and Learning on Approaches to Influence Policy and Practice. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2021.005.

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On 23 June 2021, Southern Voice and the Institute of Development Studies co-hosted an online dialogue which aimed to enhance efforts to inform and influence policy by sharing learning between CORE projects, at different stages in their policy engagement activities, on their approaches and experiences at sub-national, national, and regional levels. The event was attended by over 70 participants from across the CORE cohort and highlighted the experiences of CORE partners, Partnership for Economic Policy (PEP), International Centre for Research on Women (ICRW), and Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE). This learning guide captures the practical insights and advice from the event to help inform the practice of both participants and other projects across the portfolio. The guide is structured around the key challenges identified in influencing policy, particularly within the changing parameters of the current pandemic, highlighting key messages and examples from the three partners.
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Bustelo, Monserrat, Verónica Frisancho, Karen Martinez, and Agustina Suaya. COVID-19 Sets Back Progress Made on the Welfare of Women and Diverse Populations. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005345.

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By March 2020, COVID-19 was confirmed present in all Latin American and Caribbean countries. Not only did the pandemic weakened the regions economy, it exacerbated structural inequalities. Women, indigenous peoples, African descendants, persons with disabilities and the LGBTQ community were disproportionately affected by the pandemic, reflecting both the vulnerability of these groups and the fragility of the progress made in recent years toward improving their social welfare. This document highlights the main lessons learned from IADB studies on the impact of the pandemic on these populations.
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Minkanic, Michelle, and Emily Tran. Socioeconomic and Cultural Factors Influencing Type of Hormonal Contraceptive Use in Women in Developed vs Under-Developed Geographic Areas. Science Repository, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.cei.2024.01.01.

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The intent of this study is to identify and compare sociocultural barriers in various geographic regions that impede access, type and use of hormonal contraception, and methods to improve restrictions in access. Understanding and addressing sociocultural barriers to hormonal contraception on a larger intercontinental scale can create a more effective and inclusive healthcare system. A search using PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase was conducted on current and past literature performed in various developmental countries. Terms such as “birth control access AND developed nations”, “barriers of hormonal contraception AND low-income countries” were used. Studies included ranged from RCTs, cross-sectional studies, literature reviews, and meta-analyses. Countries reviewed with lower levels of development in Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Latin America have demonstrated a rise in long-acting hormonal contraception (LARCs) after injectables. Barriers in these regions include misconceptions fertility and contraception use, access to modern contraceptives (these include oral and emergency contraceptive pills, implants, injectables, contraceptive patches and rings, intrauterine devices, female and male sterilization, vaginal barrier methods and female condoms), stigma and patriarchal settings that result in male influence on women’s reproductive choices. More developed regions of the world like the United States and Europe demonstrated a range of contraceptive options with the most compliance for intrauterine implants (IUDs) in younger reproductive women. The greatest hindrances for developed regions were cost, difficulty obtaining appointments, and fallacies for future fertility. Contraceptive education and culturally sensitive counseling should be emphasized for healthcare employees serving women with ease of access, and to strengthen reproductive support services. Advocating to provide underdeveloped regions with better contraceptive resources highlights an importance to give women globally the empowerment to choose the direction of their own reproductive journey.
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Kantis, Hugo, Juan Federico, and Luis A. Trajtenberg. Entrepreneurship, Economic Mobility, and Entrepreneurial Propensity: A Regional View Based on the Analysis of Selected Latin American Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011395.

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Using household surveys from Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, and El Salvador, this paper assesses the contribution of entrepreneurship to socioeconomic mobility and to understand the main variables associated with entrepreneurial propensity in selected Latin American countries. It is found that, at the aggregate regional level, income mobility is rather modest and that entrepreneurs do not outperform the rest of the population. However, entrepreneurs tend to perform as well as or better than non-entrepreneurs in countries where relative income mobility is moderate. In countries where relative income mobility is rather low, entrepreneurs tend to show less income mobility. Entrepreneurial propensity is rather modest, at 10 percent of the population. University graduates show the highest propensity in most of the countries studied, while women and young people were found to have the lowest entrepreneurial propensity.
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Olson, Eric L. Evidence-Based Policy Approaches for Preventing Intrafamily Violence and Reducing Criminal Behavior in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006372.

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Violence against women is one of the world’s greatest public health problems and one of Latin America’s major development challenges. Intrafamily violence is widespread in the region, affecting between 14 and 38 percent of all women throughout their lifetime. A series of studies commissioned by the Wilson Center and supported by the Inter-American Development Bank have begun to shed new light on the complex nature of this violence. Together, they contribute to evidence-based policy recommendations that could prevent the incidence of intra-family violence and reduce the risks of future criminal behavior among children.
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Barker, Gary, Jorge Lyra, and Benedito Medrado. The roles, responsibilities, and realities of married adolescent males and adolescent fathers: A brief literature review. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1004.

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From the perspective of developing countries, we know relatively little about married adolescent males and adolescent fathers, and much of what we know is inferred from research with young women or comes from a few specific regions in the world. However, there has been a growing interest in the issue on the part of researchers, policy-makers, and program staff. This interest has coincided with increasing attention in general to men, with gender studies, and with sexual and reproductive health initiatives. Early marriage and early childbearing are much more prevalent among young women than young men, and the negative consequences are more significant among young women. Nonetheless, it is the behavior and attitudes of men, within social contexts where gender hierarchies favor men over women, that often create young women’s vulnerability. Much of the research and literature on adolescent fathers comes from Latin America, the Caribbean, North America, and Europe. This paper reviews some of the literature on young married men and young fathers, concluding with suggestions for engaging young men to promote better reproductive and sexual health and more favorable life outcomes for married adolescent women and young men.
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9

Mai Phuong, Nguyen, Hanna North, Duong Minh Tuan, and Nguyen Manh Cuong. Assessment of women’s benefits and constraints in participating in agroforestry exemplar landscapes. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21015.pdf.

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Participating in the exemplar landscapes of the Developing and Promoting Market-Based Agroforestry and Forest Rehabilitation Options for Northwest Vietnam project has had positive impacts on ethnic women, such as increasing their networks and decision-making and public speaking skills. However, the rate of female farmers accessing and using project extension material or participating in project nurseries and applying agroforestry techniques was limited. This requires understanding of the real needs and interests grounded in the socio-cultural contexts of the ethnic groups living in the Northern Mountain Region in Viet Nam, who have unique social and cultural norms and values. The case studies show that agricultural activities are highly gendered: men and women play specific roles and have different, particular constraints and interests. Women are highly constrained by gender norms, access to resources, decision-making power and a prevailing positive-feedback loop of time poverty, especially in the Hmong community. A holistic, timesaving approach to addressing women’s daily activities could reduce the effects of time poverty and increase project participation. As women were highly willing to share project information, the project’s impacts would be more successful with increased participation by women through utilizing informal channels of communication and knowledge dissemination. Extension material designed for ethnic women should have less text and more visuals. Access to information is a critical constraint that perpetuates the norm that men are decision-makers, thereby, enhancing their perceived ownership, whereas women have limited access to information and so leave final decisions to men, especially in Hmong families. Older Hmong women have a Vietnamese (Kinh) language barrier, which further prevents them from accessing the project’s material. Further research into an adaptive framework that can be applied in a variety of contexts is recommended. This framework should prioritize time-saving activities for women and include material highlighting key considerations to maintain accountability among the project’s support staff.
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10

Hodey, Louis S., and Fred M. Dzanku. Agricultural Commercialisation in South-Western Ghana. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.032.

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The Agricultural Policy Research in Africa study in Ghana consists of three work streams. This report contains results of the analyses of Work Stream 1 (WS1) baseline and endline survey datasets for Ghana. Oil palm commercialisation arrangements and outcomes are the focus of WS1 in Ghana. Case studies have been carried out in two districts – Ahanta West and Mpohor – in Western Region. This report highlights the changes between 2017 and 2019 for five APRA indicators, including agricultural commercialisation (input and output), employment, poverty (income, subjective poverty and household asset ownership), food security and women empowerment.
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