Relevant bibliographies by topics / Women metaphors

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Women metaphors'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Women metaphors"

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Kittay, Eva Feder. "Woman as Metaphor1." Hypatia 3, no. 2 (1988): 63–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1988.tb00069.x.

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Women's activities and relations to men are persistent metaphors for man's projects. I query the prominence of these and the lack of equivalent metaphors where men are the metaphoric vehicle for women and women's activities. Women's role as metaphor results from her otherness and her relational and mediational importance in men's lives. Otherness, mediation, and relation characterize the role of metaphor in language and thought. This congruence between metaphor and women makes the metaphor of woman especially potent in man's conceptual economy.
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Novosadska, Olena. "Metaphorical Verbalization of the Concept 'Woman' in the Victorian Novels of Mary Braddon." Linguaculture 11, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2020-1-0165.

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The representation of women in the written texts of the Victorian Era has received a great deal of attention and critics have analysed different strategies used for the description of women in novels. This paper looks at a particular device employed by the Victorian novelist Mary Braddon in the representation of women, namely, the use of conceptual metaphors. Women and metaphors alike are at once meditational and relational. A woman serves to mediate between man and man, man and Nature, man and Spirit. The research deals with repeated metaphors presenting women in the guise of foods, animals, babies, parts of the body, members of the aristocracy and supernatural creatures. Bearing in mind the social force of metaphor in our understanding of the world and of ourselves as well as the important role language plays as a channel through which ideas and beliefs are transmitted and perpetuated, the present study attempts to offer a preliminary exploration of how images of women are transmitted and perpetuated by the Victorian novelist Mary Braddon through linguistic metaphors.
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Bruckmüller, Susanne, and Maike Braun. "One Group’s Advantage or Another Group’s Disadvantage? How Comparative Framing Shapes Explanations of, and Reactions to, Workplace Gender Inequality." Journal of Language and Social Psychology 39, no. 4 (June 25, 2020): 457–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x20932631.

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Gender inequality is usually described as women’s disadvantage, only rarely as men’s advantage. Moreover, it is often illustrated by metaphors such as the glass ceiling—an invisible barrier to women’s career advancement—metaphors that often also focus on women’s disadvantage. Two studies ( N = 228; N = 495) examined effects of these different ways of framing gender inequality. Participants read about gender inequality in leadership with a focus on either women or men, and either without a metaphor ( women underrepresented vs. men overrepresented) or with a women-focused or men-focused metaphor ( glass ceiling/ labyrinth vs. old boys’ club). Metaphors caused participants to perceive gender inequality as (somewhat) more important. Regardless of metaphor use, women-focused descriptions led to more explanations of inequality focusing on women relative to explanations focusing on men, as well as to more suggestions of interventions targeting women at the expense of interventions aimed at systemic changes.
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Hongying, Li. "“The Lecturer is Like a Housemaid”: the Position of Women Revealed by Female Metaphor Vehicles in Chinese." Sinología hispánica. China Studies Review 17, no. 2 (March 6, 2024): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/sin.v17i2.8233.

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Previous studies have shown that many metaphors conceptualize “women” in a derogatory way to present negative opinions about them. However, the issue of how “women” being metaphor vehicles function in discourse has rarely been addressed. This paper applies a discourse dynamics approach to conduct a multidimensional analysis of the linguistic, cognitive, affective, and socio-cultural-historical contexts of the 25 female metaphor vehicles identified in the modern Chinese novel Wei Cheng. The aim is to shed light on how this type of metaphors reflect the ideas, attitudes, and values towards women in Chinese discourse. The results show that, through highlighting certain negative features of their topics (i.e., male characters, female characters, university faculty and other non-human objects), these female metaphor vehicles at the same time display a corresponding view on women. Crucially, considering the historical background of the novel and the high degree of lexicalization of some of these metaphors in Chinese, these metaphor vehicles present a sexist view of women in traditional Chinese society and contribute to reinforce female gender stereotypes.
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Novy, Christine, Marie-Christine Ranger, and Roanne Thomas. "Exploring artmaking as a source of metaphor for women’s cancer experiences: A phenomenological study." Journal of Applied Arts & Health 00, no. 00 (May 12, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jaah_00100_1.

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Metaphoric language is common in cancer discourse. However, prevailing military and journey metaphors may not capture variation in cancer experiences. In this article, the authors describe an art-based community research programme for women who had experienced cancer. Taking a phenomenological approach, the article examines how artmaking processes and materials were used by the study participants to shape their own metaphoric thought and, thereby, to articulate a more intimate understanding of their cancer experiences. The authors discuss four themes arising from their findings: (1) experiencing metaphor at its source, (2) artworks as insight cultivators, (3) art as process and metaphor for understanding cancer and (4) alternative metaphors for the cancer experience. Artmaking may be a means to enhance phenomenological data collection in the context of cancer experiences. By capturing variation in women’s cancer experiences, it may also lead to improvements in cancer survivorship care.
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Li, Chaoyuan. "Metaphors and Dehumanization Ideology." Chinese Semiotic Studies 15, no. 3 (August 27, 2019): 349–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/css-2019-0021.

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Abstract Rich literature on the representation of women in advertising has repeatedly concluded a message in keeping with a GDP-promoting agenda: with economic development and modernization, women’s status has been elevated and they appear in professional and other settings beyond domesticity. Amid this optimism, the present study cautions that women’s elevated status and transformed roles should not give way to the exuberance on display in many sectors. Motivated by the unusual persistence of women’s decorative role against the background of pro-egalitarian industrialization and modernity, this study, drawing on advertising discourse in Cosmopolitan, the world’s leading women’s magazine, aims to investigate the gender ideology that dehumanizes women by exploring the various dehumanizing metaphors and the visual and linguistic codes deployed to construct the metaphors. In identifying and analyzing two major dehumanizing metaphors – WOMEN ARE OBJECTS and WOMEN ARE ANIMALS – this study outlines a critical metaphorical landscape that goes beyond the warfare metaphor which is popular in various fields (e.g. women, health care, and economy), and highlights HUMAN BEINGS ARE THINGS metaphors as a major instrument in constructing dehumanizing discourse and ideology.
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Velasco Sacristán, Marisol. "Overtness-covertness in advertising gender metaphors." Journal of English Studies 7 (May 29, 2009): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/jes.145.

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This paper aims at demonstrating that weak communication (overt and covert) can have an important influence on the choice, specification and interpretation of ideological metaphors in advertising. We focus here on a concrete type of ideological metaphor, advertising gender metaphor. We present a description of advertising gender metaphors, subtypes (cases of metaphorical gender, universal gender metaphors and cultural gender metaphors) and crosscategorisation in a case study of 1142 adverts published in British Cosmopolitan (years 1999 and 2000). We next assess “overtness-covertness” in the advertising gender metaphors in our sample. In considering this we also look at the conventional-innovative scale of these metaphors, and examine their discrimination against men and women. The intended value of this paper lies in its examination of both weak overt and covert types of communication in relation both to cognitive and pragmatic theorising of metaphor, and, more generally, to theorising advertising communication.
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Long, Chunmian, Jianbin Zhu, Shihao Li, and Wen Li. "A Metaphorical Analysis of Female Worship in the Kam Epic: Songs of Kam Remote Ancestors." Scientific and Social Research 3, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/ssr.v3i2.1114.

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Metaphor is a cognitive mechanism in which people understand an abstract and unfamiliar object by comparing it to a more concrete and familiar one, according to rhetoric, while modern cognitive linguistics holds that metaphor is a cognitive mechanism in which people understand an abstract and unfamiliar object by comparing it to a more concrete and familiar one, according to modern cognitive linguistics. It’s a basic human cognitive and thinking model. Therefore, cognitive metaphor study is devoted to revealing the deep cognitive patterns of language and explaining various cognitive behaviors through languages. Myth is an important vector of human culture and has a profound influence on the formation of national cultural psychology. The Kam’s epic Songs of Kam Remote Ancestors as a narrative ancient song of the Kam covers the longest history of the Kam and has the highest content about the Kam’s ancestors. This epic has many descriptions of woman ancestors and a large number of metaphors of women as well, which reflects the unique position of women in the Kam culture. This study draws on the cognitive metaphor theory to investigate the female metaphors with the purpose of uncovering the development and evolution of the Kam’s woman worship perception in their history by using MIP metaphor identifying method.
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Siagian, Beslina Afriani, and Nurhayati Sitorus. "A Cognitive Semantic Study on Conceptual Metaphor on Gender in Umpasa in Batak Toba Language." International Journal Linguistics of Sumatra and Malay 1, no. 2 (June 20, 2023): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijlsm.v1i1.10576.

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Although many studies on umpasa have been carried out previously in the Toba Batak language; however, a study on gender-based conceptual metaphors from a cognitive semantic perspective has never been conducted before. This study discusses the conceptual metaphor of gender contained in the umpasa of Batak Toba. The theory of the study is oriented to the conceptual metaphor by Lakoff and Johnson (2003) as the main theory and Cruse and Croft (2004) for the image schematic. This descriptive qualitative research was conducted by using a thematic analysis design to describe the types of conceptual metaphors in the Toba Batak language. The results of this study reveal that there are three types of conceptual metaphors about gender contained in umpasa, as a form of oral tradition. Based on the analysis, 15 conceptual metaphors were found in the study, namely (1) 11 structural metaphors, (2) 3 orientational metaphors, and (3)1ontological metaphor. Furthermore, in the classification of source domains, four of the fifteen data presented conceptualize women as the source of money and economic transactions, then men as physical resources, and other source domains. The results of this study add to references on the topic of conceptual metaphors in regional languages in Indonesia in general, and in the Batak language specifically.
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Bakhtiar, Mohsen. "The role of context in the formation of hejab ‘veiling’ metaphors in hejab billboards and posters in Iran." Metaphor and the Social World 7, no. 2 (November 20, 2017): 159–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.7.2.01bak.

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Abstract Proper hejab observance has long been an important issue to political-religious conservatives in Iran who, in recent years, have relied on metaphorical language to persuade Iranian women to dress modestly in public. The present paper, based on Kövecses’s (2015) account of metaphor in context, explores the role of contextual factors involved in the formation of hejab linguistic metaphors used in 56 pro-hejab billboards and posters. Data analysis indicates that the moral and social status of women are depicted as being determined by, or correlated with, their degree of veiling. On that basis, properly covered up women are shown to be the recipients of very positive metaphorical conceptualizations (as pearls, flowers, and angels), whereas immodestly dressed women are negatively pictured as being subject to sexual objectification (as unwrapped edibles). Moreover, the hejab is a protective cover is shown to be the metaphor instantiated in many of the billboards and posters. The protective function of hejab is highlighted by conceptualizing corrupt men as flies and devils. Finally, the metaphorical patterns represent the contextual role of political and religious ideology, key cultural concepts, and show entrenched conventional conceptual metaphors and metonymies in the production of novel metaphors.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women metaphors"

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Ewing, Lisa M. "Dangerous Feminine Sexuality: Biblical Metaphors and Sexual Violence Against Women." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1367353989.

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BARCELLOS, MARIANA REIS. "MARRIAGE METAPHORS: A COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE ON THE SPEECH OF MEN AND WOMEN." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19626@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Este trabalho tem como foco central a investigação de metáforas que conceituam o casamento. Para tanto, são revistos aspectos do casamento contemporâneo, sobretudo as questões de gênero abordadas nas pesquisas sobre casais, e apresentadas as principais formulações teóricas e estudos sobre a metáfora conceitual à luz da Linguística Cognitiva. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo na qual utilizou-se entrevista semi-estruturada, visando a indagar sobre temas importantes acerca da relação conjugal dos participantes. A amostra de conveniência foi composta por três homens e três mulheres, com idades entre trinta e cinco e cinquenta anos, pertencentes às camadas médias urbanas, heterossexuais, coabitantes e que se autodenominaram casados há, no mínimo, dez anos. Para a análise dos resultados, utilizou-se o método de análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin (1997) e o método de análise do discurso usado por Quinn (1987). Os resultados encontrados apontam para diferenças de gênero no que diz respeito à concepção e à experiência do casamento. Também pôde-se perceber que os sujeitos vivem as metáforas presentes em seu discurso, ressaltando a relevância da perspectiva cognitivista desse construto.
This paper has the main objective of investigating metaphors which conceptualize marriage. For this, we reviewed aspects of contemporary marriage, especially gender questions discussed in researches about couples. We also presented the main theoretical findings and studies about this conceptual metaphor, according to Cognitive Linguistics. There was a field study, with a semi-structured interview, aimed at questioning about important issues related to the marital relationship of the participants. The convenience sample was composed by three men and three women, among 35-50 years old, who belonged to the urban middle class. They were heterosexual, cohabitants, and they describe themselves as being married for at least ten years. For the analysis of the results, we used the content analysis method proposed by Bardin (1997) and the discourse analysis method used by Quinn (1987). Our findings point to gender differences in the conceptualization and marriage experience. We could also notice that the participants live the metaphors present in their discourse, which highlights the relevance of the cognitive perspective of this construct.
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Matheson, Jennifer L. "Using Metaphors to Explore the Experiences of Powerlessness Among Women in Twelve-Step Substance Abuse Recovery." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27370.

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Twelve-Step programs of substance abuse recovery are the most popular and most used mutual-help model in the U.S. One of the pivotal aspects of Twelve-Step is the often controversial idea of powerlessness. While a few recent dissertations have been conducted to look at issues related to women in Twelve-Step, most of what has been published in the literature on powerlessness in Twelve-Step is hypothetical, anecdotal, and theoretical. There is debate about the usefulness of the concept of powerless, especially for women in recovery, though no research was found specifically exploring this issue. The current study examines the experiences of powerlessness among women who are using Twelve-Step substance abuse recovery. Because experiences of powerlessness are abstract and may be difficult to articulate, a data collection method called ZMET (Zaltman, 2004) was utilized. This method helped women discuss their thoughts and feelings about powerlessness through the use of images of representative metaphors and analogies. Participants were 13 women who were in various stages of recovery using Twelve-Step. In-depth interviews were used to understand womenâ s experiences of powerlessness in their recovery while two surveys were used to determine womenâ s levels of affiliation with Twelve Step programs and their level of agreement with the First Step of Twelve Step. Overall, women felt positively about powerlessness in their recovery and felt it provided a sense of relief. Eleven of the 13 women felt powerlessness was an important aspect of their recovery while two felt it was either not relevant or not something they fully embraced. In exploring the metaphors women had for their experiences of powerlessness, a number of themes emerged. Many of the metaphors indicated processes while some were static. Themes also included metaphors of current events, nature, and babies. Other themes were: Higher Power; a general sense of powerlessness over many things in life and; choosing not to share certain experiences in Twelve-Step meetings. Implications for women in recovery, clinicians, and future research are included as well as strengths and limitations of the study.
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Koene, Jacoba. "Metaphors of marginalization and silencing of women in Eva Luna and Cuentos de Eva Luna by Isabel Allende." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ27794.pdf.

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Carneiro, MÃnica Fontenelle. "Emergence of systematic metaphors in the speech of women direct victims of domestic violence: a cognitive-discursive analysis." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=11993.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
This study, which falls within Cognitive Linguistics, consists of an investigation into the emergence of systematic metaphors in the speech of women direct victims of domestic violence, a growing phenomenon that presents alarming escalation indices. To understand this violence which makes victims in all social strata, it was necessary to investigate how ideas and feelings relating to domestic violence against women emerge in the speech of its direct victims. Based on the theoretical framework of the Metaphor-led Discourse Analysis (CAMERON, 2003, 2007a, 02007b, 2008; CAMERON; DEIGNAN, 2009; CAMERON et al, 2009; and CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), this study is based, according to Cameron (CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), on the understanding that metaphor is local and emerges in the discourse; has several dimensions to consider (linguistic, embodied, cognitive, affective, sociocultural and dynamic); and may, as a research tool, reveal what people who use it feel and think (CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010). Also according to Cameron (2007b), metaphors in language use result from a temporary stability of the trading concepts that are established among participants in a discursive event. Descriptive and exploratory, this qualitative research has a corpus composed of transcripts of the speech produced by six women about the domestic violence they have suffered, in a two-hour discursive event of a focus group which was recorded in digital audio. In order to collect data, along with the focus group technique, those of direct documentation were used. After transcription and proofreading procedures in accordance with the methodology adopted, the legitimated collected data were uploaded into the software Atlas.ti so as to complete the remaining steps of data preparation. With the data obtained at the end of these methodological procedures, it was possible to develop both the qualitative analysis of the speech of the participants and the quantitative survey related to recurrence of identified metaphorical vehicles. The results indicate the emergence of the following systematic metaphors, among others, in the speech of women direct victims of domestic violence when expressing their ideas and feelings about such phenomenon: CHANGING IS BEING A NEW PERSON; CHANGING IS GETTING OUT OF SOMEWHERE; GOVERNMENT ACTIONS AGAINST DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ARE SLOW MOVEMENTS, BEING SAFE IN THE HOUSE SHELTER IS BEING IMPRISONED, and TAKING AN ATTITUDE IS PUTTING AN END TO SOMETHING. These results suggest that, by means of the emergence of systematic metaphors, figurativity plays an important role in the expression of what direct victims think and feel about domestic violence against women. Data also indicate that systematic metaphors present metaphorical vehicles that are subject to metaphorical changes of three different kinds: re-employment , development (repetition, explanation and relexicalization) and literalization, among which the most frequent ones are those of development.
Este estudo, que se insere no Ãmbito da LinguÃstica Cognitiva, consiste em uma investigaÃÃo sobre a emergÃncia de metÃforas sistemÃticas na fala de mulheres vÃtimas diretas da violÃncia domÃstica, fenÃmeno cuja escalada crescente apresenta Ãndices alarmantes. Para compreender essa violÃncia que faz vÃtimas em todas as camadas sociais, fez-se necessÃrio investigar como ideias e sentimentos relativos à violÃncia domÃstica contra a mulher emergem na fala de suas vÃtimas diretas. Com base no arcabouÃo teÃrico da AnÃlise do Discurso à Luz da MetÃfora (CAMERON, 2003, 2007a, 2007b, 2008; CAMERON; DEIGNAN, 2009; CAMERON et al., 2009; e CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), este estudo fundamenta-se, segundo Cameron (CAMERON; MASLEN, 2010), no entendimento de que a metÃfora à local e emerge no discurso; apresenta vÃrias dimensÃes a serem consideradas (linguÃstica, corpÃrea, cognitiva, afetiva, sociocultural e dinÃmica); e pode, como ferramenta de pesquisa, revelar o que pensam e sentem as pessoas que a usam. Ainda segundo Cameron (2007b), a metÃfora na linguagem em uso resulta de uma estabilidade temporÃria da negociaÃÃo de conceitos que se estabelecem entre os interlocutores em um evento discursivo. De carÃter descritivo-exploratÃrio, esta pesquisa qualitativa tem seu corpus constituÃdo pelas transcriÃÃes do discurso produzido por seis mulheres sobre a violÃncia domÃstica de que foram vÃtimas em evento discursivo de um grupo focal, cujo encontro teve duraÃÃo de duas horas e foi gravado em Ãudio digital. Para a coleta de dados, alÃm do grupo focal, foram utilizadas as tÃcnicas de documentaÃÃo direta. Depois de transcritos e revisados, conforme a metodologia adotada, os dados legitimados foram alimentados no programa Atlas.ti, possibilitando o cumprimento das outras etapas de preparaÃÃo dos dados. Com os dados obtidos ao final desses procedimentos metodolÃgicos, foi possÃvel desenvolver tanto o trabalho de anÃlise qualitativa da fala das participantes quanto o levantamento quantitativo referente Ãs recorrÃncias dos veÃculos metafÃricos identificados. Os resultados alcanÃados indicam a emergÃncia, entre outras, das seguintes metÃforas sistemÃticas na fala de mulheres vÃtimas diretas de violÃncia domÃstica, ao expressarem ideias e sentimentos a respeito de tal fenÃmeno: MUDAR à SER UMA NOVA PESSOA, MUDAR à SAIR DE ALGUM LUGAR, AÃÃES DO GOVERNO CONTRA A VIOLÃNCIA DOMÃSTICA CONTRA A MULHER SÃO MOVIMENTOS LENTOS, ESTAR SEGURA NA CASA à ESTAR PRESA e TOMAR UMA ATITUDE CONTRA A VIOLÃNCIA DOMÃSTICA à ESTABELECER UM FIM PARA ALGO. Esses resultados sugerem que a figuratividade, por meio da emergÃncia de metÃforas sistemÃticas, tem papel relevante na manifestaÃÃo do que as vÃtimas diretas pensam e sentem sobre a violÃncia domÃstica contra a mulher. Indicam tambÃm que as metÃforas sistemÃticas apresentam veÃculos metafÃricos que estÃo sujeitos a mudanÃas metafÃricas de reemprego, desenvolvimento (repetiÃÃo, explicaÃÃo e relexicalizaÃÃo) e literalizaÃao, dentre as quais as mais recorrentes sÃo as de desenvolvimento.
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Loewenstein, Andrea Freud. "Loathsome Jews and engulfing women : metaphors of projection in the works of Wyndham Lewis, Charles Williams and Graham Greene." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265601.

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De, Beer Aletta Magrietha. "Ruimte as tema en metafoor in die poësie van Afrikaanse vroulike digters na 1994 / A.M. de Beer." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2593.

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Li, Pei-Ci. "Une étude comparative des métaphores de genre en français et en mandarin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2020. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=5064&f=31248.

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Cette étude a pour objectif d’enquêter sur les métaphores de genre (MG désormais) qui décrivent les femmes (métaphores désignant les femmes, MF) et les hommes (métaphores désignant les hommes, MH) en français en en mandarin en se fondant sur la Conceptual Metaphor Theory. Pour chaque langue, les métaphores sont récoltées en adoptant deux sources de donnée : un dictionnaire et un questionnaire administré à 240 locuteurs (120 hommes, 120 femmes). Nous établissons par la suite une comparaison intra-langue ainsi qu’inter-langue. Les résultats des dictionnaires montrent que même si l’utilisation des domaines sources diffère entre les deux langues, les métaphores s’adressant aux femmes et aux hommes sont asymétriques en quantité et qualité. Premièrement, le nombre de MF est plus élevé que le nombre de MH. Deuxièmement, les connotations de ces MF sont plus péjoratives que celles liées aux MH, particulièrement au sujet de la sexualité des femmes. Les données des questionnaires sont analysées sur trois niveaux : l’appartenance aux domaines sources (ANIMAUX, PLANTES), les types de MG (lions, fleurs) et les caractéristiques des MG (traits physiques, personnalité, fonctions et rôles sociaux). En analysant les MF et MH auprès des locuteurs et locutrices natifs du français et du mandarin, nous remarquons que même si l’utilisation des domaines sources et les caractéristiques soulignées sont différentes, des modèles similaires émergent dans les deux langues. Une Théorie du script du genre linguistique est par conséquent proposée afin d’interpréter ces modèles. Elle explique comment des métaphores conventionnelles concernant les deux sexes sont utilisées comme un script écrit pour guider les femmes et les hommes afin qu’ils jouent leurs rôles sociaux. Enfin, la comparaison inter-langue révèle certaines réalités sociales en montrant les différences de traitement entre les deux sexes en France et à Taïwan. De plus, nous montrons que la sélection des domaines sources et des caractéristiques qu’ils contiennent est associée à la cosmologie de ces deux cultures. Dans la culture française, la relation entre les humains et d’autres êtres est considérée comme verticale, expliquée par la structure hiérarchisée de LA GRANDE CHAÎNE DE LA VIE. En revanche, cette relation est vue comme horizontale dans la culture chinoise où les humains et l’univers sont perçus comme vivants en harmonie, ce qui est défini par la philosophie de l’Unité de l’univers et du genre humain
The present study investigates gender metaphors (hereafter GM) describing women (Women Metaphors, WM) and men (Men Metaphors, MM) in French and Mandarin Chinese based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (Lakoff & Johnson 1980). For each language, we collect metaphors from two sets of data sources: a dictionary and a survey answered by 240 native speakers, evenly split according to their sex. We then make intra- and inter-language comparisons. The results from dictionaries show that, although the use of source domains differ between languages, metaphors addressing women and men are asymmetrical on two levels: quantity and quality. First, there are many more WM than MM. Second, the connotations of WM are more derogatory than MM, especially in relation to women’s sexuality. The data mined from the questionnaires are analyzed on three levels: the source domains of GM (ANIMALS, PLANTS), the types of GM (lions, flowers) and the characteristics of GM (physical traits, personalities, social roles or functions). By analyzing WM and MM from the perspectives of female and male native speakers, we find that even though the use of source domains and their highlighted features is different, similar patterns emerge from the two languages. A model Linguistic Theory of Gender Script is proposed accordingly to interpret those patterns. It explains how conventional metaphorical expressions regarding two sexes serve as a written script to instruct men and women on how to perform their social roles. Finally, the cross-linguistic comparison reveals some social realities by showing how gender equality is treated differently in France and in Taiwan. Furthermore, we show that the selection of source domains and their highlighted features are linked to cosmology in these two cultures. In French, the relation between human beings and other things is viewed as vertical and can be described by a hierarchical structure The Great Chain of Being. On the contrary, this relationship is considered horizontal in Chinese, as humans and the universe are said to coexist harmoniously, a point of view explained by the philosophy of Unity of Universe and Mankind
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Merrow, Kathleen. "Nietzsche's "woman" : a metaphor without brakes." PDXScholar, 1990. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4099.

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This thesis reconsiders the generally held view that Friedrich Nietzsche's works are misogynist. In doing so it provides an interpretation of Nietzsche's texts with respect to the metaphor "woman," sets this interpretation into an historical context of Nietzsche reception and follows the extension of Nietzsche's metaphor "woman" into French feminist theory. It provides an interpretation that shows that a misogynist reading of Nietzsche is in error because such a reading fails to consider the multiple perspectives that operate in Nietzsche's texts.
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Radwin, Ariella Michal. "Adultery and the marriage metaphor rabbinic readings of Sotah /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1383469791&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Books on the topic "Women metaphors"

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Biblical women: Mirrors, models, and metaphors. Cleveland, Ohio: United Church Press, 1993.

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Female absence: Women, theatre, and other metaphors. Bruxelles: P.I.E.-Peter Lang, 2003.

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Ahrens, Kathleen. Politics, gender and conceptual metaphors. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.

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1966-, Ahrens Kathleen, ed. Politics, gender, and conceptual metaphors. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.

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1966-, Ahrens Kathleen, ed. Politics, gender, and conceptual metaphors. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.

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Shands, Kerstin W. Embracing space: Spatial metaphors in feminist discourse. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1999.

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New, William H. Reading Mansfield and metaphors of form. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1999.

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Simala, Inyani K. Sexist overtones in Kiswahili female metaphors: A critical analysis. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa, 1998.

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Horner, Avril. Landscapes of desire: Metaphors in modern women's fiction. New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1990.

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Moorings & metaphors: Figures of culture and gender in Black women's literature. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Women metaphors"

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Farisani, Dorothy Mmakgwale. "Black South African women are not perpetual minors but hard rocks: Recognising leadership through metaphors." In Metaphors for Leading – Leading by Metaphors, 43–54. Göttingen: V&R unipress, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737009157.43.

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Lim, Elvin T. "Gendered Metaphors of Women in Power: the Case of Hillary Clinton as Madonna, Unruly Woman, Bitch and Witch." In Politics, Gender and Conceptual Metaphors, 254–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230245235_12.

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van Meyeren, Emma. "Water Metaphors as Communication Structures in Astrid H. Roemer's Was Getekend (Was Marked) (1998)." In Women and Water in Global Fiction, 223–39. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429298837-16.

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Antoni, Claudio G. "Women and the Vegetable Kingdom: Love Metaphors in Christian and Islamic Medieval Poetics." In Sharing Poetic Expressions:, 175–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0760-3_14.

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Kunz, Rahel. "Windows of Opportunity, Trojan Horses, and Waves of Women on the Move: De-colonizing the Circulation of Feminist Knowledges through Metaphors?" In The Politics of Feminist Knowledge Transfer, 99–117. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-48685-1_6.

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Estok, Simon C. "Disgust, Metaphor, Women: Ecophobic Confluences." In Ecocriticism and Shakespeare, 85–98. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230118744_6.

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Al Jalamh, Dheya Saqer, and Yasser Ahmed Gomaa. "The Translation of “Islamic-Legal Terms” and “Metaphors” Related to Women in Fazlul Karim's (1938) and Robson's (1963) Versions of Mishkāt ul-Maṣābīḥ." In Understanding the Prophetic Hadith, 64–94. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003256342-5.

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Griffiths, Jennifer. "Futurist Women Artists and the (Pro)Creative Metaphor." In Female Cultural Production in Modern Italy, 37–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14816-3_3.

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Phelps, Carmen L. "Mixing Metaphors." In Visionary Women Writers of Chicago's Black Arts Movement, 146–61. University Press of Mississippi, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781617036804.003.0007.

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"4. Key Metaphors: Sub-Texts in Women's Stories." In Holy Women, Wholly Women. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.9783/9781512803846-006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Women metaphors"

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Kurnia, Ermi. "The Roles of Javanese Women Reflected in Javanese Metaphors." In Proceedings of the Third International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature, and Local Culture Studies, BASA, 20-21 September 2019, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-9-2019.2296820.

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Albarrán González, Diana. "Weaving decolonising metaphors: Backstrap loom as design research methodology." In LINK 2022. Tuwhera Open Access, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2022.v3i1.186.

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Decolonising approaches have challenged conventional Western research creating spaces for Indigenous, culturally-appropriate, and context-based research alternatives. Decolonising design movements have also challenged dominant Anglo-Eurocentric approaches giving visibility to other ways of thinking and doing design(s). Indigenous peoples have considered metaphors as important sense-making tools for knowledge transmission and research across different communities. In these contexts, Indigenous craft-design-arts have been used as metaphorical research methodologies and are valuable sources of knowledge generation, bringing concepts from the unseen to the physical realm manifested through our hands and bodies. In particular, Indigenous women have used the embodied practices of weaving and textile making as research methodology metaphors connecting the mind, body, heart and spirit. Situated in the highlands of Chiapas, this research proposes backstrap loom weaving as a decolonial design research methodology aligned with ancestral knowledge from Mesoamerica. For Mayan Tsotsil and Tseltal peoples, jolobil or backstrap loom weaving is a biocultural knowledge linked to the weaver’s well-being as part of a community and is a medium to reconnect with Indigenous ancestry and heritage. Resisting colonisation, this living textile knowledge and practice involve collective memory, adapting and evolving through changes in time. Mayan textiles reflect culture, identity and worldview captured in the intricate patterns, colours, symbols, and techniques. Jolobil as a novel methodological proposal, interweaves decolonial theory, visual-digital-sensorial ethnography, co-design, textiles as resistance, Mayan cosmovision and collective well-being. Nevertheless, it requires the integration of onto-epistemologies from Abya Yala as fundamental approaches like sentipensar and corazonar. Jolobil embodies the interweaving of ancestral knowledge with creative practice where the symbolism of the components is combined with new research interpretations. In this sense, the threads of the warp (urdimbre) representing patrones sentipensantes findings are woven with the weft (trama) as the embodied reflexivity of sentipensar-corazonando. As the weaver supports the loom around her waist, the cyclical back and forth motion of weaving jolobil functions as analysis and creative exploration through sentirpensar and corazonar creating advanced reflexive textile narratives. The interweaving of embodied metaphors and textiles with sentipensar, corazonar, mind, body, heart and spirit, contribute to the creation of decolonising alternatives to design research towards pluriversality, aligned with ways of being and doing research as Mesoamerican and Indigenous women.
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Necula, Lidia Mihaela. "GENDER-ING ADVERTISEMENTS: TROPING THE FEMALE BODY." In 10th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2023. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2023/s10.45.

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One of the most compelling of all cultural and economic institutions, advertising is a genuine entertainer whose dramatic performance allows for the intrinsic and interdependent relationship between representational, interactive and compositional meanings. Traditional portrayals of the female body in advertising have been heavily relying on non-verbal modes generating a multiplicity of problematic messages co(n)textualized by extra-linguistic features that interact within the cognitive environment of the target audiences with a view to ultimately troping and exploiting the female body for commercial purposes. From the sexualization of women�s bodies, to the use of unrealistic and idealized body standards that promote narrow beauty ideals, to the fragmentation and the dismembering of the female body, or to the technique of retouching and digital manipulation, the current paper looks into tropes used in advertising (viz. metaphors, metonymies, euphemisms, irony and humour) in a selection of gender-ing ads (both vintage and modern) mediating the female body figure.
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Vidali, Maria. "Liminality, Metaphor and Place in the Farming Landscape of Tinos: The Village of Kampos." In GLOCAL Conference on Mediterranean and European Linguistic Anthropology Linguistic Anthropology 2022. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/comela22.1-6.

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This research explores the farming landscape and village life in Kampos, a village on the Greek island of Tinos. Tinos is an Aegean island with a long history of agriculture. In Kampos, one of the oldest farming villages of Tinos, boundaries created by low stone walls and alleyways primarily define the farming landscape that permeates village life and its structure. The landscape appears semi-artificial, given the construction of countless rows of cultivation ridges and terraces. Boundaries on the island appear through texts, space, movement and habit, thus creating. a series of liminal spaces. They represent areas – or rather situations – allowing for multiple co-existing levels of interaction, which are both ambiguous and can be transformed through negotiation. Negotiation would not be possible without language and narrative: Language arises through communal metaphors, stories, and fictional beliefs that bind and connect a small community together in a farming landscape, a community that has retained a quality of life closely connected to nature, architecture, and private and public realms, all by exhibiting features that can be found in a contemporary way of living. Objectified and non-objectifiable boundaries – in relation to the villagers’ land, water, private and public spaces –, their absence, their negotiation, the life that flourishes in-between them, and their relationship to men and women, ownership, and bonding, are important aspects examined in research. The presence, the lack of, and the negotiation of these boundaries, all unfold through fictional stories, narratives and interviews of villagers from Kampos. Through these narratives, I argue that when boundaries are obscure or create an in-between space of negotiation and communication, when they become a liminal space, then a different situation of ownership and bonding arises. Here, the villagers claim their properties’ boundaries, and negotiate these and sometimes fall into conflicts. Conducting this research, I determined that stories created from the villager’s life, space, and landscape consist of a series of metaphors that define ‘dwelling’ in this part of the world, in this specific landscape, which has a contemporary way of living, but still connected with tradition and the past as an action mimetic of the present.
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Montenegro, Sonja Tomović-Šundić University of, and Kristina Gvozdenović University of Montenegro. "Conceptual Metaphors in Political Discourse: State is Woman – Woman is Construction." In – The Asian Conference on Language 2020. The International Academic Forum(IAFOR), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22492/issn.2435-7030.2020.5.

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Bickovska, Anna. "Metaphoric Associative Cards – Tool for Career Counselling with Long-Term Unemployed." In 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.046.

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Topicality of the research is that a significant part of unemployed stay unemployed for a very long time even when the economic situation allows to get employed. This part of society abuses the social security system, misuse the State Employment Agency services. Typically, they are seen by society as less educated, less capable than other groups and they need special assistance in job searching process. The aim of the pilot study was to explore how more creative and skill-oriented methods can be used in career counselling with long-term unemployed. The methodology includes following steps: small group of long-term unemployed (8 women) were asked to reflect on their unemployment and answer 4 questions developed by the author. Questions are covering their opinions on reasons of being unemployed, what kind of a result they want to achieve, what resources they can use and how they are going to feel in case they become employed. Results shows that most participants of the group consider that they can’t find a job because of external obstacles. They mention the State Employment Agency and relatives (families) as resources to use. All respondents were confused answering question about their feelings and cannot name any feeling they might feel getting a job. The results and process of the session show that long-term unemployed have difficulties with soft skills and emotional intelligence.
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Arnautu, Irina. "WHAT IS YOUR SOURCE OF INSPIRATION?" In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-207.

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On designing and realization of aesthetic appearance of compound woven structures, each of us uses any visual sources that could inspire us. In this paper were generated new woven structures on the principle of communicating vessels as a metaphor, so that one structure helps the other and is complementary to it. For this purpose was used ArahWeave CAD/CAM textile software for dobby and Jacquard fabric design and weaving, which offers such innovative design possibilities and helps to create amazing patterns. ArahWeave has a special function for constructing multiple layer weaves with different densities in warp and weft layers. The maximum weave size is ,,limited" to 65520 by 65520 threads in ArahWeave Pro and 262080 by 262080 threads in ArahWeave Pro XL. In the Tools menu from Edit weave are advanced weave editing functions, which can be used both on dobby or Jacquard woven fabrics. As sample, in the Edit decomposed window from Tools, the weave area is split into ,,weave table", where the number of columns is number of warps, and the number of rows is number of wefts. The ,,limitations" of a decomposed weave means maximum weave systems of 16 warps and 16 wefts. These so-called ,,limitations" are motivated only by deeper technical reasons on dobby and Jacquard looms. By applying weave to fabric tool, the result will be immediately visible on fabric in the main window, in a selected mode of view (weave, integer, shaded integer or simulation view), and appeared at the desired zoom level. The hyper realistic woven fabric simulations in ArahWeave, ArahDrape, ArahView3D or Arahne online configurator mean cost and time saving and the best design solutions for a creative work.
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Kreitler, Shulamith. "COMMUNICATION STYLE: THE MANY SHADES OF GRAY." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact004.

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"The major aspects of communication include the communicating individual, the addressee, and the style of communication which can be more objective or subjective. The present study examines the role of the communicator’s motivation and the identity of the addressee of the communication in regard to the style of communication. The motivation was assessed in terms of the cognitive orientation approach (Kreitler & Kreitler) which assumes that motivation is a function of beliefs that may not be completely conscious. The motivation to communicate may be oriented towards sharing and self disclosure or towards withdrawal and distancing oneself from others. The style of communication was assessed in terms of the Kreitler meaning system which enables characterizing the degree to which the communication is based on means that are more objective and interpersonally-shared means (viz. attributive and comparative means) or more personal-subjective ones (viz. examples and metaphors). The hypothesis was that the style of communication is determined by one’s motivation and by the recipient’s characteristics, which in the present context was gender. It was expected that when the motivation supports sharing and the addressee is a woman the style would be mainly subjective, while when the motivation supports withholding information and the addressee is a man the style would be objective. The participants were 70 undergraduates. The tool was a cognitive orientation questionnaire. The experimental task was a story that had to be recounted. The narratives were coded in terms of the Kreitler meaning system. The data was analyzed by the Cox proportional hazards model. The findings supported the hypothesis of the study. Major conclusions referred to the motivational determinants of communication styles."
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Reports on the topic "Women metaphors"

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Merrow, Kathleen. Nietzsche's "woman" : a metaphor without brakes. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5983.

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