Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Women labor movement members'
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1
Fritsma, Teri Jo. "Women and the labor movement occupational sex composition and union membership, 1983-2005 /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2007. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/178.
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Pocock, Barbara. "Challenging male advantage in Australian unions /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php7409.pdf.
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Raymond, Melanie. "Labour pains : working class women in employment, unions and the Labor party in Victoria, 1888-1914 /." Connect to thesis, 1987. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000326.
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Kim, Hyun Mee. "Labor, politics and the women subject in contemporary Korea /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6404.
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Hutchison, Jane. "Export opportunities: women workers organising in the Philippine garments industry." Thesis, Hutchison, Jane (2004) Export opportunities: women workers organising in the Philippine garments industry. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/84/.
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Transnational production arrangements have been widely argued to lessen the organising capacities of industrial workers, none more so than in the case of women workers in 'export' or 'world market' factories in developing countries. This thesis contests this assertion by showing that women workers' ability to form enterprise unions in the Philippine garments industry are enhanced by transnational production arrangements involving an overseas market. Specifically, the thesis demonstrates that, in order to meet the quality and delivery requirements of overseas buyers and contractors, local owners and/or production managers are forced to routinely keep more production in-house in order to exert more direct controls over the work processes of their women sewers. By thereby limiting the amount of local subcontracting which is done, women workers are agglomerated in larger numbers in the one place and, consequently, their capacities to engage in collective action - as indicated by the establishment of enterprise unions - is markedly increased.
Empirically, the argument of the thesis draws on a 'multiple-case' study of sixty-five garment-making establishments located in and around Manila. The study involved interviews with owners, production managers and/or trade union officials about the local subcontracting practices of their establishments. The conclusions drawn about the links between export production and enhanced labour organising capacities at the enterprise level are corroborated by the 'commodity chain' literature on industrial deepening in the international garments industry and the status of the Philippine industry in this regard. But rather than think simply in terms of industrial deepening, this thesis is concerned with the impacts of exporting on class processes.
Theoretically, the thesis thus draws on the Marxist view that capitalist development entails changes in the social form of labour, through the real subsumption of labour. But, whereas Marx linked the real subsumption of labour to greater capitalist controls over the labour process, in this thesis the real subsumption of labour is also tied to concomitant changes in the spatial form of the labour process. From this standpoint, the thesis engages with labour process theory after Braverman (accusing it of often failing to link capitalist control to class processes) and with theories of class (which often ignore the social and spatial form of the labour process). In tying organising capacities of women workers at the enterprise level to changes in social and spatial form of the labour process, it is nevertheless argued that these capacities are also shaped at the national level by the legal framework for legitimate organising and by 'political space' in which the law in fact operates. In this regard, it is argued that, whilst the state often passes laws to protect labour standards, it does not grant workers the means to ensure such standards are actually enforced.
The thesis also challenges the view that the recruitment of women is a strategy which employers deliberately use in the Philippine garments industry to limit industrial conflict. Against this assertion of a rational economic basis to women's employment, the thesis argues that women are employed for sewing jobs as a result of the sex-typing of such jobs; but that this is also more an effect than a cause as the feminisation of sewing in the modern garments industry is embedded in class processes in the nineteenth century in Europe and the United States. Gender is a dimension of labour control, but women workers in the garments industry are not employed to limit enterprise unionism.
6
Hutchison, Jane. "Export opportunities : women workers organising in the Philippine garments industry /." Hutchison, Jane (2004) Export opportunities: women workers organising in the Philippine garments industry. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/84/.
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Transnational production arrangements have been widely argued to lessen the organising capacities of industrial workers, none more so than in the case of women workers in 'export' or 'world market' factories in developing countries. This thesis contests this assertion by showing that women workers' ability to form enterprise unions in the Philippine garments industry are enhanced by transnational production arrangements involving an overseas market. Specifically, the thesis demonstrates that, in order to meet the quality and delivery requirements of overseas buyers and contractors, local owners and/or production managers are forced to routinely keep more production in-house in order to exert more direct controls over the work processes of their women sewers. By thereby limiting the amount of local subcontracting which is done, women workers are agglomerated in larger numbers in the one place and, consequently, their capacities to engage in collective action - as indicated by the establishment of enterprise unions - is markedly increased.
Empirically, the argument of the thesis draws on a 'multiple-case' study of sixty-five garment-making establishments located in and around Manila. The study involved interviews with owners, production managers and/or trade union officials about the local subcontracting practices of their establishments. The conclusions drawn about the links between export production and enhanced labour organising capacities at the enterprise level are corroborated by the 'commodity chain' literature on industrial deepening in the international garments industry and the status of the Philippine industry in this regard. But rather than think simply in terms of industrial deepening, this thesis is concerned with the impacts of exporting on class processes.
Theoretically, the thesis thus draws on the Marxist view that capitalist development entails changes in the social form of labour, through the real subsumption of labour. But, whereas Marx linked the real subsumption of labour to greater capitalist controls over the labour process, in this thesis the real subsumption of labour is also tied to concomitant changes in the spatial form of the labour process. From this standpoint, the thesis engages with labour process theory after Braverman (accusing it of often failing to link capitalist control to class processes) and with theories of class (which often ignore the social and spatial form of the labour process). In tying organising capacities of women workers at the enterprise level to changes in social and spatial form of the labour process, it is nevertheless argued that these capacities are also shaped at the national level by the legal framework for legitimate organising and by 'political space' in which the law in fact operates. In this regard, it is argued that, whilst the state often passes laws to protect labour standards, it does not grant workers the means to ensure such standards are actually enforced.
The thesis also challenges the view that the recruitment of women is a strategy which employers deliberately use in the Philippine garments industry to limit industrial conflict. Against this assertion of a rational economic basis to women's employment, the thesis argues that women are employed for sewing jobs as a result of the sex-typing of such jobs; but that this is also more an effect than a cause as the feminisation of sewing in the modern garments industry is embedded in class processes in the nineteenth century in Europe and the United States. Gender is a dimension of labour control, but women workers in the garments industry are not employed to limit enterprise unionism.
7
Haley, Sandra K. "For Love or Money: Labor Rights and Citizenship for Working Women of 1930s Oaxaca, Mexico." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/221/.
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Brickner, Rachel 1974. "Union women and the social construction of citizenship in Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85891.
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In Latin America, women's ability to participate in the paid workforce on equal terms as men is constrained by many cultural and political obstacles, and this reinforces women's unequal citizenship status. Even though unions have rarely supported women's rights historically, and are currently losing political power in the neoliberal economic context, I argue that union women have a crucial role to play in the social struggle to expand women's labor rights. Building on theories about the social construction of citizenship, I develop an original theoretical framework suggesting that civil society acts on three levels to expand citizenship rights: the individual level (working with individuals to make them more rights-conscious), within social institutions (working to ensure that policies within social institutions actually reflect the rights of individuals), and at the level of the state, where civil society contributes to the construction of new citizenship discourses.The framework is then applied to the Mexican case. Examining the rise of working class feminism in the context of the debt crisis and transition to economic liberalism in the 1980s, and the subsequent democratic transition in 2000, I show how these contexts led union women to participate in civil associations active at each of these three levels of citizenship construction. More specifically, this participation has been important in raising awareness of women's labor rights among women workers, challenging patriarchal union structures, and bringing the issue of women's labor rights into the debate over reform of Mexico's Federal Labor Law. I ultimately conclude that in the absence of support from a broad women's labor movement, the chances that women's labor rights will be supported by the Mexican government and Mexican unions will be low.
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Putman, John C. "The emergence of a new west : the politics of class and gender in Seattle, Washington, 1880-1917 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9975038.
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Waugh-Benton, Monica. "Strike Fever: Labor Unrest, Civil Rights and the Left in Atlanta, 1972." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07282006-153554/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.1 electronic text (136 p.) : digital, PDF file. Title from title screen. Clifford Kuhn, committee chair; Ian C. Fletcher, committee member. Description based on contents viewed Apr. 5, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-136).
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Joyce, Robin Rosemary. "Women's labour : women's power? : women in the Western Australian labour movement from the early 1900s to the Depression." Master's thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147157.
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Zappia, Charles Anthony. "Unionism and the Italian American worker a history of the New York City "Italian Locals" in the international ladies' garment workers' union, 1900-1934 /." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/33136801.html.
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Harris, Kelly Eilis. ""We're in the labor movement now!" working women, college women and organized labor at the Hudson Shore Labor School, 1939-1950 /." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/25963776.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1992.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-85).
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Clarke, K. Jan. "Changing technologies and women's work lives a multimedia study of information workers, and feminist and union action research in Canada /." 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ27286.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 1997. Graduate Programme in Sociology.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 217-231). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ27286.
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Curtin, Jennifer. "Women in trade unions : strategies for the representation of women's interests in four countries." Phd thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144316.
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Foley, Janice R. "Redistributing union power to women : the experiences of two women’s committees." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/8765.
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This study examined women’s committees in two public sector unions in British
Columbia with predominantly female memberships over a twenty year period. The question
addressed was how and under what circumstances the committees could secure gains for
women, given a context where women remain at a power disadvantage relative to men.
Gains sought were of three types: 1) improvements in contract clauses particularly
beneficial to women; 2) increased female participation in union governance; and 3)
structural changes conducive to future increases in female participation in union governance.
Structures as defmed included both formal structures and other regularized procedures,
including processes of communication, decision making and resource distribution.
Based on literatures from several disciplines, a power model was developed that
guided data collection. Data were collected via archival research and semi-structured
interviews, and analyzed qualitatively.
The study found that the structures governing how the committees operated were
significant factors in committee effectiveness and that the active cooperation of the
leadership and/or the membership ensured that structures conducive to committee
effectiveness existed. The committees’ major challenge was to align their goals with those
of the leadership or the membership in order to generate the level of support that would
permit them to achieve their goals. The degree of alignment between committee and
membership goals affected to what extent the committee could secure goals not supported
by the leadership and was the major variable affecting committee power. However,
committee power was not necessarily associated with the level of gains achieved for women because both leadership and membership actions and existing union structures could induce
outcomes for women not orchestrated by the committees.
As a result of this research, the initial power model was refined and the restrictions
on the committees’ and leaderships’ use of power were clarified. The utility of crossing the
disciplinary boundaries between organizational theory, industrial relations, and political
science to explore how power is exercised in unions was demonstrated. Support for the
political model of organizations was generated, suggesting that insights gained from the
study of unions might advance organizational theorizing.
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Motsatsing, Tshetsana Ntebalang. "Investigating the nature of women's participation and representation in Botswana public sector unions : a case study of BOTSETU." Thesis, 2014.
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There is a general view that women have joined trade unions in large numbers in the work
environment. However, it is clear that in spite of such large numbers, there are low levels of
representativity as well as low levels of active involvement among the women members. As a
consequence, women do not have enough bargaining power within the unions. This study
investigates reasons for this low level of representativity and active involvement of women
members in BOSETU. This research, therefore, aims at finding out the extent to which Botswana
secondary school women unionists face challenges in terms of their participation and
representation in BOSETU.
The data was collected from a sample of female and male trade unionists from Botswana
Secondary School Teachers Union (BOSETU), which is one of the Botswana Public Sector
Unions. This study adopted a qualitative research methodology using a triangulation of methods
through the use of interviews, observation and documentary analysis. There were two separate
interview schedules; one for the women unionists and the other for key informants.
The study drew on Feminist Theories such as patriarchy to explain the low levels of participation
and representation of women in trade unions. The study further points out that there are
marginally more women in BOSETU than men. However, in spite of this numerical advantage,
their membership is neither proportionally represented in the union leadership hierarchy nor is
their participation in union affairs robust enough. These findings are consistent with the literature
on gender and trade unionism which indicate that there are several obstacles to women
participation and representation in unions.
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This study contributes to the body of existing knowledge about women in trade unions. It
confirms findings of other studies that women still experience structural disadvantages as
unionists, despite trade unions’ constitutional support and the changing environment in
legislature.
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Banks, Cara L. "Saskatchewan working women socialist feminist struggles with inclusivity and diversity in the 1980s /." 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ67742.
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Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2001. Graduate Programme in Women's Studies.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184-196). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ67742.
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Dlamini, Armstrong. "Mainstreaming the informal economy in South Africa: a gender perspective of trade union policy responses(1994-2001)." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/101.
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The study examined the policy responses of organised labour towards the informal sector. It is based on a qualitative survey of trade unions in the textile, clothing and footwear sectors. The dualistic, Marxist structuralist, feminist and growth theories of the informal sector were used to evaluate policy responses towards the informal sector. The investigation of the dynamic relationship of trade unions with workers in the informal sector was informed by the transformation of the nature of work that is characterised by informalisation and the increased employment of contingent workers, the majority of whom are women. Informalisation was found to manifest itself through the use of homeworkers and ‘independent’ contractors. The study further showed that the formal and informal sectors were interdependent. This makes a compelling case for trade unions to organise vulnerable workers and to pursue the mainstreaming of the informal sector. However a rigid gender discourse was found to militate against the development of solidarity with the informal sector. The findings of the study suggest that gender mainstreaming within trade unions is a prerequisite for effectively mainstreaming the informal sector and that organising the informal sector is a gender issue.Prof. G. Verhoef
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Rose, Margaret Eleanor. "Women in the United Farm Workers a study of Chicana and Mexicana participation in a labor union, 1950-1980 /." 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/21134965.html.
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Reerink, Annemarie C. "Women workers organising : identity and collective action in Thailand and Indonesia." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146547.
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Oh, Suanna. "Essays in Behavioral Development Economics." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-9qnn-cb68.
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This dissertation analyzes how cultural and behavioral frictions affect decision-making in labor markets of developing economies. It studies factors that have received relatively little attention in economics—namely concerns about preserving identity, cognitive strain from financial stress, and gender norms—and examines their impacts on labor supply and productivity. Field experiments in the state of Odisha, India are used to provide direct empirical evidence on these relationships.
Chapter 1 investigates how identity—one's concept of self—influences economic behavior in the labor market, focusing on the effect of caste identity on labor supply. In the experiment, casual laborers belonging to different castes choose whether to take up various real job offers. All offers involve working on a default manufacturing task and an additional task. The additional task changes across offers, is performed in private, and differs in its association with specific castes. Workers' average take-up rate of offers is 23 percentage points lower if offers involve working on tasks that are associated with castes other than their own. This gap increases to 47 pp if the castes associated with the relevant offers rank lower than workers' own in the caste hierarchy. Responses to job offers are invariant to whether or not workers' choices are publicized, suggesting that the role of identity itself—rather than social image—is paramount. Using a supplementary experiment, I show that 43% of workers refuse to spend ten minutes working on tasks associated with other castes, even when offered ten times their daily wage. Results indicate that identity may be an important constraint on labor supply, contributing to misallocation of talent in the economy.
Chapter 2—joint work with Supreet Kaur, Sendhil Mullainathan, and Frank Schilbach—tests for a direct causal impact of financial strain on worker productivity. The experiment randomly varies timing of income receipt among laborers who earn piece rates for manufacturing tasks: some workers receive their wages on earlier dates, altering when cash constraints are eased while holding overall wealth constant. Workers increase productivity by 5.3% on average in the days after cash receipt. The impacts are concentrated among poorer workers in the sample, who increase output by over 10%. This effect of cash on hand on productivity is not explained by mechanisms such as gift exchange, trust in the employer, or nutrition. The chapter also presents positive evidence that productivity increases are mediated through lower attentional errors in production, indicating a role for improved cognition after cash receipt. Finally, directing workers’ attention to their finances via a salience intervention produced mixed results—consistent with concerns about priming highlighted in the literature. Results indicate a direct relationship between financial constraints and worker productivity and suggest that psychological channels mediated through attention play a role in this relationship.
Chapter 3 examines whether gender norms lead women to hold back their potential in the labor market. While the existing literature has shown that women tend to earn less than their husbands, there is limited direct evidence on whether women actively avoid earning more than their spouses and the determinants of such behavior. The experiment engages married couples working as casual laborers in a short-term manufacturing job that pays piece-rate on output. The experiment provides women an extra hour to work without this difference being salient, making it likely that they could earn more than their husbands. After husbands finish piece-rate production, women are randomized into one of three conditions in which 1) the wife is informed of her husband’s production and expects both spouses to learn how much each spouse has produced, 2) the wife is informed of her husband’s production and expects that only she will learn how much each spouse has produced, or 3) both spouses are only informed of their joint total production. Results show that women in the last two conditions achieve on average one hour’s worth of production more than that of their husbands, suggesting that women do not face intrinsic concerns about earning more than their husbands. However, this productivity gap substantially decreases when husbands are expected to learn about individual production. This finding suggests that norms in marriage may be an important factor contributing to gender inequality in the labor market.
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Baker, Ellen R. "Salt of the earth : women, the Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers' Union, and the Hollywood blacklist in Grant County, New Mexico, 1941-1953 /." 1999. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
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FRISONE, Anna. "Femminismo sindacale al di là dei confini : l’incontro tra politica sindacale e soggettività femminile, in Italia e in Francia, attraverso la ‘lunga stagione dei movimenti delle donne’ (1968-1983)." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/45945.
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Defence date: 31 March 2017Examining Board: Professor Laura Lee Downs (Supervisor EUI); Professor Lucy Riall, EUI; Professor Michelle Zancarini-Fournel, Université Lyon 1; Dr. Maud Bracke, University of Glasgow
Dare una definizione o trovare una collocazione precisa al cosiddetto ‘femminismo sindacale’ è tutto fuorché un’impresa semplice. Come le due citazioni mostrano efficacemente, il suo stesso nome costituisce di per sé un elemento problematico. Il femminismo sindacale, infatti, si sviluppò tra gli anni Settanta ed Ottanta come esito - complesso e nient’affatto ‘risolto’ - all’incrocio tra la critica neofemminista al patriarcato e le lotte operaie che a partire dal decennio precedente avevano tentato di imprimere una svolta in senso progressista ed egualitario ai rapport di produzione tra capitale e lavoro. Le donne che negli anni Settanta si muovevano nello spazio sindacale, come delegate e militanti o semplicemente come lavoratrici, furono profondamente attraversate e coinvolte dalle riflessioni che il neofemminismo internazionale andava allora producendo e scelsero di utilizzarle per risignificare l’esperienza del lavoro dal punto di vista femminile. Il femminismo sindacale costituisce un oggetto di studio affascinante, collocato appunto all’incrocio tra due fenomeni internazionali di indiscussa rilevanza come il movimento delle donne ed il movimento dei lavoratori.
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Pastre, Nicolette M. "Are single classified women's needs being addressed by the union in a university environment?" Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35598.
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The initial research question for this study asked whether single women were having their employment needs met by the union in a university setting. Twelve single women who were members of a union at a university participated in semi-structured interviews about their experiences with the union. To the surprise of the researcher, the single women interviewed felt they had no needs. Drawing from feminist literature on the social construction of gender, this analysis argues that because of the patriarchal nature of our culture, women were raised to be mindful of other's needs and not their own, which made it difficult for participants to identify their own needs.Graduation date: 2013
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Koenigsknecht, Theresa A. ""But the half can never be told" : the lives of Cannelton's Cotton Mill women workers." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4655.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)From 1851 to 1954, under various names, the Indiana Cotton Mills was the dominant industry in the small town of Cannelton, Indiana, mostly employing women and children. The female industrial laborers who worked in this mill during the middle and end of the nineteenth century represent an important and overlooked component of midwestern workers. Women in Cannelton played an essential role in Indiana’s transition from small scale manufacturing in the 1850s to large scale industrialization at the turn of the century. In particular, this work will provide an in-depth exploration of female operatives’ primary place in Cannelton society, their essential economic contributions to their families, and the unique tactics they used in attempts to achieve better working conditions in the mill. It will also explain the small changes in women’s work experiences from 1854 to 1884, and how ultimately marriage, not industrial work, determined the course of their later lives.