Journal articles on the topic 'Women in conservation of natural resources'
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Singh, Kiran. "WOMEN AND THEIR ROLE IN NATURAL RESOURCES: A STUDY IN WESTERN HIMALAYAS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 3, no. 10 (October 31, 2015): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i10.2015.2938.
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Women roles in Himalayas put women in direct contact with natural resources such as forests, water, land and wildlife. They utilize and conserve these resources to supply basic needs for their families. Therefore conservation of natural resources in rural areas cannot be done without the involvement and training of women. They need to be educated on the values, management and sustainability of natural resources as alternative sources of livelihood. But to have success, they must only be appreciated as invisible land managers, but must benefit from relevant incentives in their cultural roles. This paper examines the roles of women in natural resource conservation, since their traditional activities bring them into daily interaction with natural resources, their impacts, attitudes and belief on the management, exploitation and sustainability of natural resource is critical for resource use and sustainability.
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Bhat, Bilal Ahmad, and Samreena Aushiq. "A Study on Role of Rural Women of District Anantnag of Kashmir Valley in Natural Resource Management." Journal of Women Empowerment and Studies, no. 41 (December 7, 2023): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jwes.41.18.28.
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A natural resource is a material that comes from the natural environment and in its raw or “natural” state is of value for support and sustenance of life on earth with its ecological value and diverse resources. The natural resource management is the taking care of natural resources like land, water. It has been noticed that use and abuse of natural resources is a key issue that has been caused by mankind. The misuse of natural resources directly or indirectly refers to excessive use, destructive use or achieving imbalance between natural resources either individually or in combination. The purpose of current study was to investigate the role of Rural women in natural resources management and utilization in Anantnag, J&K. The role of women in natural resource management is crucial for sustainable development. This abstract explores the multifaceted contributions of women of this domain, including their roles as farmers, forest users, and water managers women”s local knowledge and expertise often lead to effective resource conservation and community resilience .Despite their significant contributions ,women often face barriers such as limited access to resources and decision making power and empowering women in natural resource management can enhance conservation efforts and promote equitable and inclusive development. In the current study quantitative as well as qualitative data was collected from 100 rural women selected at random using simple random sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools. The study revealed that the respondents understudy in majority have limited access of latest technology, skill training, education, extension services and current information. In order to strengthen the women’s participation in resources management and sustainable uses, the researchers suggest that suitable measures should be taken to empower women in decision making, skill training, education and extension activities.
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Swarn Lata Arya, J. S. Samra, and S. P. Mittal. "Rural Women and Conservation of Natural Resources: Traps and Opportunities." Gender, Technology and Development 2, no. 2 (July 1998): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097185249800200201.
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Arya, Swarn Lata, J. S. Samra, and S. P. Mittal. "Rural Women and Conservation of Natural Resources: Traps and Opportunities." Gender, Technology and Development 2, no. 2 (January 1998): 167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09718524.1998.11909895.
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Khandelwal, Neeta, Yamini Patel, and M. K. Choudhary. "WOMEN’S ENGAGEMENT IN SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION: A RESEARCH PERSPECTIVE." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 37, no. 1 (June 25, 2024): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2024.37.1.0011.
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The sustenance of life on earth relies heavily on essential natural resources such as soil and water, integral components of the environment. The conservation and management of these natural resources should be essential for survival of humankind. Women emerge as pivotal contributors to this conservation effort due to their traditional engagement with daily activities intimately connected to natural resources, fostering a reduction in waste and excessive consumption. Despite their significant role, governmental attention towards encouraging women’s involvement in natural resource conservation remains disproportionately minimal. In response to this gap, the study investigates the extent of women’s participation in soil and water conservation in Banaskantha district of Gujarat. A sample of 180 women respondents was randomly chosen for the study, and the quantitative data was carried out through the use of an interview schedule. The research indicates a moderate level of women’s engagement in soil and water conservation practices. Notably, women demonstrate the highest participation during the execution phase of soil conservation, while their involvement in planning and decision-making stages remains largely invisible. Similarly, in water conservation, women’s participation was notably lower not only during the planning phase but also in the execution phase. The study concludes by emphasizing the urgency for policy planners, government bodies, and other institutions to actively promote and encourage women’s participation in policy-making and planning processes. This can be achieved through targeted efforts such as additional exposure, awareness campaigns, and training programs. By enhancing the role of women in these critical aspects, society can harness their valuable insights and contributions towards ensuring the productive and efficient use of natural resources for the benefit of current and future generations.
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Alikhanova, Shahzoda. "GENDER ASPECTS OF NATURAL RESOURCES USE." JOURNAL OF AGRO PROCESSING 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9904-2020-6-5.
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This analytical article examines the issues of natural resources use and conservation of the biological diversity through the prism of a gender-based approach. In particular, the author touches upon the issues of equal access by both men and women to the management, use and protection of natural resources and biological diversity. Examples are given from different regions of the world in various sectors of environmental and economic activities. Recommendations are provided for improving the equitable use of natural resources.
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Mathur, Rashmi, Roma Katyal, Vandna Bhalla, Lakshmi Tanwar, Payal Mago, and Isha Gunwal. "Women at the Forefront of Environmental Conservation." Current World Environment 18, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 706–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.22.
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Environmental degradation and its deterioration are due to the irresponsible use of natural resources. Anthropogenic activities and consumerist lifestyles have disrupted the balance of nature. The environment is threatened by the destruction of ecosystems, the extinction of flora and fauna, and the pollution of the air, water, and soil. Degradation of the environment is a serious global issue. This has led to numerous conflicts in society. As a result, many environmental movements emerged to protect the environment. Many such movements have been initiated by women. Women contribute significantly to protecting and restoring the environment as they have extensive traditional and modern knowledge of their surroundings. Women are often in charge of caring for and protecting natural resources within their households and communities. They are significantly impacted by environmental destruction and degradation since it eliminates their means of subsistence. Women's contributions to household activities are undeniable, but their contributions to other fields, such as social, political, economic, etc., are not prioritized. Women's participation in environmental protection has helped societies cultivate the responsibility essential for maintaining a healthy relationship between human needs and the Earth's resources to ensure a sustainable future. This paper highlights/summarizes the role of many inspiring women across the world who led environmental movements for a promising future. Some of these movements were hugely successful and changed people's perspectives towards the environment and conservation
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Gurung, Gem Prasad, and Kamal Prasad Koirala. "Assessing Ethno-Ecology of Women in Nepal: Practices and Perspectives." Modern Applied Science 15, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v15n1p46.
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Women mostly involve in raring and caring natural resources in their daily life. This paper intends to explore the practices and perspectives of Nepali women on ecology conservation in relation to ecological, socio-cultural and religious perspectives. For environmental degradation, women's resource management plays a vital role in ecology conservation. As a qualitative research approach, field observation, focus group discussion, and in-depth interviews with women in the community were the methods of collecting necessary information. Nepali women involve in the collection and management of plant resources inappropriately. Therefore, their perspective and practice can play an important role to minimize the rapid degradation of the environment regarding with management of plant resources. The theoretical literature review consists of movements on environment conservation in the world and in Nepal. No doubt, the message of their contribution will be the lesson to the world for the protection of environment as well as to support and meet the slogan of “local act global think” to save the nature.
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Dr. Mukesh Kumar, and Vandana Saini. "Empowering Women Through Environmental Protection." Legal Research Development: An International Refereed e-Journal 1, no. III (March 30, 2017): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53724/lrd/v1n3.13.
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Women symbolize „Prakrati‟ means „nature‟ in Indian Philosphy. She creates and nurtures the creation to bloom. She signifies „shakti‟ the power that drives the system. Throughout the history, women have been immortalized as powerful symbols of nature. Mother earth, Earth Goddess women have personified nature and given nature its infinite meaning. Women have direct contact with natural resources like fuel, food and fodder, forest water and land specially in rural areas where 70% of Indian reside and directly dependent upon natural resources. A lot of studies on women and environment have shown that women are significant actors in natural resource management and they are major contributors to environmental rehabilitation and conservation. Women‟s direct contact with environment has produced them deep-knowledge about the environment. Thus, women have served as agriculturalists, water resource manager, and traditional scientists, among others. Women are not only knowledgeable about the environment, but they are also protective and caring. Women and the environment are closely bound and interconnected. Therefore women as beares and conserver of life, as those who first guide children, should be foremost in dedication to the environmental cause.
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DeMotts, Rachel B. "Weaving a living: gender, craft, and sustainable resource use in Botswana." Journal of Political Ecology 24, no. 1 (September 27, 2017): 368. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v24i1.20878.
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Abstract Botswana baskets are both an emblematic cultural symbol and a popular tourist souvenir, made by women from natural materials and reflecting gendered experiences of work, creativity, and resource use. The expansion of their production for sale over the past 30 years has often led to concerns about strain on the natural resources used for weaving, but more recently, the ways in which women talk about how they access these materials has changed. Rather than framing resources as scarce and under threat from poor harvesting practices, increasing numbers of women describe shifts in use practices that reflect growing awareness of the need to protect and cultivate plants such as hyphaene petersiana, or mokola palm. This change reflects the importance of rethinking what constitutes community-based natural resource management to include not only formalized trusts, but informal networks through which women harvest and use forest resources. It also highlights the insights of political ecology in considering the ways in which power impacts natural resource use, while emphasizing the need to expand notions of knowledge to become more inclusive and grounded. Key Words: Gender, political ecology, community-based conservation, Botswana, craft
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Hansepi, Laxmi, and Rena Laisram. "Karbi Women and Environmental Conservation." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 05, no. 03 (September 30, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.050301.
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Women in traditional societies have a close connection with the environment through their roles as farmers, collectors of water and firewood, caregivers to livestock and, sometimes, as priestesses and healers. The gender roles assigned in traditional societies bring women into direct contact with the natural resources for management of their daily household chores. Therefore, any loss of biodiversity has a direct impact on the lives of women, families and society at large. In the context of the Karbis, a major ethnic group of Assam, India, forests are central to their worldview and all aspects of their socio-cultural life. It is important to note that the Karbi belief system gives reverence to nature worship and the forest deities are called Longri Arnam. As such, sacred groves are among one of the best practices of biodiversity conservation that are also associated with traditional knowledge systems in different ecological zones. They are preserved mainly through observance of taboos and animistic rituals. In recent times, forest degradation has become a major concern and it is necessary to understand the role of traditional knowledge systems vis-a-vis their relation to ecological heritage and conservation. This paper examines the ways in which women in Karbi society have directly or indirectly acted as agents of environmental conservation. Using historical methodology, the study attempts to analyze interface between women and environment in the society with special reference to women’s contribution to the society in combating climate change.
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Heil, Ellison John. "Through the eyes of Asa; the role of integrated conservation development programs in Ghandruk, Nepal." World Journal of Environmental Research 7, no. 1 (September 7, 2017): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjer.v7i1.2386.
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AbstractThe Annapurna Conservation Area Project (ACAP) is growing in popularity as Nepal’s largest protected area. The National Trust for Nature Conservation uses the sustained revenue generation from the tourism industry to implement Integrated Conservation Development Programs (ICDP). These programs focus on promoting participatory interaction with the local villages of the Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) in an attempt to develop them into sovereign and self-sustaining communities. When ACAP was first established in Ghandruk to control the rapid rate of deforestation caused by increases in population and tourism, the development efforts and empowerment activities were targeted toward hotel owners. This served to marginalize the farmers and communities unrelated to the tourism industry. This study’s purpose is to examine the impact that the tourism industry has in promoting ‘people oriented’ conservation and the attitudes of Ghandruk’s marginalized populations towards ACAP’s ICDP developments, with a focus on conservation awareness. Information was gathered through semi-structured and unstructured interviews with ACAP officials, local management committee staff and marginalized populations of women and Dalits. This information was used to focus on understanding how ACAP has incorporated participation of marginal groups in Ghandruk into conservation programs. Ultimately the felling of trees for guesthouse construction resulting in the loss of natural habitat for apex predators, the absence of scientific research, and the disregard for the environmentally oriented marginal groups of Northwestern Ghandruk has placed an emphasis on tourism based development that overshadows the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources in the Annapurna Conservation Area.
Keywords: Development studies, natural resources and conservation, natural resources management policy.
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Ambuja Kumar Tripathy. "Livelihood, Conservation, and Resistance: Mahila Mandal in the Tribal Region of Odisha." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 11, no. 1 (February 18, 2023): 168–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/cienceng.v11i1.110.
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As the nation celebrates the presidential victory of one tribal woman from the northern district of Mayurbhanj in Odisha (Ms. Droupadi Murmu), this study attempts to analyse the dynamics surrounding collective agency of rural tribal women in the state with special reference to its south- western districts. In the tribal region of Odisha, women by and large have been accorded a secondary status with respect to decision-making and access to resources. They negotiate access to village common resources to sustain viable livelihoods. In recent times, the fragile ecology in this forest and mineral rich area has witnessed serious damages in the development process. While the impacts are felt across the communities, women are the most vulnerable section. This paper, drawing on extensive fieldwork, focuses on women’s collective at village level, locally known as mahila mandal, as an initiative of a well known civil society organization, Agragamee. Mahila mandal has played a critical role in collective action for natural resource management- in releasing unproductive wastes like degraded forest lands and wastelands from the control of village dominant groups for productive use and management. Further, it has led to considerable collective agency formation in the form of collective mobilizations and resistances by local women against some of the policies of the state directly affecting their livelihoods. Anti-liquor movement and hill broom movement by local women are good instances in this regard. Mahila mandal, however, is currently facing formidable challenges for its survival, especially owing to the rapid spread of self help groups (SHGs) in the region. At the same time, as my recent fieldwork shows, it is indeed experimenting different strategies to revive the old spirit and enthusiasm among local people. In these circumstances, it would not be inaccurate to say that mahila mandal is currently situated between hope and scepticism.
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Freeda Maria Swarna M, Shaheed Khan, and R. Kannan. "Ecotourism Management Committees (ETMC), Sustainable Tourism and Leadership provided for Women Self-Help Groups (SHG) in Tamil Nadu." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 4 (2023): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i04.030.
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Ecotourism in the Forests and Forest fringes is managed by the Forest department (FD) along with the support of the Community, through institutional mechanisms, in this case the Women Self-help groups. The purpose being continued employment, tourism promotion and preservation and conservation of Natural resources. It is important to note here that Women have been at the forefront of not only conservation and preservation but also provided for the management of the Destinations through special purpose vehicles (SPV’s) viz., Ecotourism Management Committees (ETMC’s), Ecodevelopment Committees (EDC’s).
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Sagali, H. L., and H. Yingli. "Barriers to equity: investigating community challenges in accessing and benefiting from forest resources in Manyoni, Tanzania." International Forestry Review 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2024): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554824838819914.
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Manyoni District’s inhabitants depend on forests for food, fuel, and money, showing the intricate relationship between natural ecosystems and human well-being. Forests sustain local livelihoods and biodiversity, but demographic factors, legal frameworks, and benefit-sharing mechanisms have not been thoroughly studied in Manyoni district. Our study examines the obstacles to fair and equal access to and sharing of natural resource benefits in Manyoni, Tanzania. The mixed-methods study uses quantitative data and qualitative interviews to gather data on forest access challenges, main benefits, legal restrictions, and benefit sharing that affect community access. The study indicates complex results on age, gender, marital status, and education against forest resource use. More resources are used every day by 46‐65‐year‐olds. The majority of women use daily, demonstrating how gender affects resource consumption. Marriage and education further distinguish consumption patterns, showing that social roles and education affect forest resource availability and dependency. The study suggests that women and less educated people depend more on forests. Accessibility requires sensitive policy changes to legal and benefit-sharing restrictions. It balances environmental conservation and community rights for sustainable management and fair access.
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Singh, Shyam Bahadur. "Women as Milieu Managers in Integrated Watershed Management: Perspectives from the Hilly Areas of Uttarakhand." Space and Culture, India 2, no. 4 (March 29, 2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v2i4.130.
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Integrated watershed management provides a viable mechanism for managing land, water and biomass of a region, especially in the rain-fed areas of India. It foresees a sustainable conservation of available natural resources and embarks upon collective action irrespective of gender bias. In the marginal hilly areas of the country, the burden of livelihood directly falls upon the womenfolk. This is because due to lack of off-farm activities the hills of India see a lot of male outmigration in search of better employment activities. The degradation in the ecosystem/natural resources thus has a direct bearing upon the women of the region, as they are the ultimate stakeholders of the natural endowments. Integrated watershed management provides a ray of hope amidst the swarm of faulty and borrowed developmental plans, especially for the womenfolk of the marginal hilly areas of the country. The present paper assesses the role the women play in managing their immediate surroundings and argues that the level of participation of women remains paramount in integrated watershed management in the hilly areas of Uttarakhand.
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Mashapa, Clayton, Patience Zisadza-Gandiwa, Elias Libombo, Patience Mhuriro-Mashapa, Never Muboko, and Edson Gandiwa. "An Assessment of Women Participation in Community-Based Natural Resource Conservation in Southeast Zimbabwe." Open Journal of Ecology 10, no. 04 (2020): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oje.2020.104013.
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Alonzo, Armando C. "Hispanic Farmers and Ranchers in the Soil and Water Conservation Movement in South Texas, 1940s to Present." Agricultural History 78, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 201–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-78.2.201.
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Abstract Conservation of natural resources in South Texas is basically a modern development that parallels the evolution of the Soil Conservation Service and other federal agricultural agencies. Since the World War II era, Hispanic producers have played an important role in adopting new conservation practices to conserve and enhance the value of their lands. Initially, the region was a natural grassland devoted to ranching, but farm development in the early twentieth century led to a sharp increase in irrigated farmland along the Rio Grande. Conservation practices during the long period of extensive ranching were ineffective. As a result, by the twentieth century much of the grasslands were turned into brushland due to overgrazing, the disuse of fires to suppress weeds and useless shrubs, soil compaction, and soil and wind erosion. Hispanic farmers and ranchers had to be convinced that new practices were beneficial. The cooperation of SCS, ASCS, and other agencies facilitated the work of introducing new practices, such as disking, root plowing, seeding of new grasses, and range management practices. Farmers also benefited from new practices. Construction of Falcón Dam in 1954 was a great boost to water conservation and flood control. The last forty years have seen a rapid growth in wildlife ranches and the sale of rangelands to prosperous professionals and businessmen and women. At present, three thousand Hispanic producers are dedicated to conserving their water and soil resources, adapting to these two new developments.
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Kurebwa, Jeffrey. "Gender Roles and Utilization of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in the Management of Forest Biodiversity." International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development 13, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.287878.
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This study was aimed at assessing the gender roles and utilization of indigenous knowledge in the management of forest biodiversity in Zimbabwe. The study also sought to find out the known indigenous knowledge systems utilized by men and women in the management of the forest biodiversity, the roles played by both men and women in the management of the forest biodiversity and the challenges faced by men and women in the management of the forest biodiversity. Qualitative methodology was utilized while a case study research design of Madondo communal lands was utilized. Data was collected using key informant interviews and semi-structured interviews. The study findings indicate that the potential of utilizing indigenous knowledge for conservation of the forest biodiversity is enormous but the sustainability of this knowledge is seriously threatened. The study concludes that both men and women play a central role in the conservation and sustainable use of natural resources and that there is need to integrate the gender roles into strategies for sustainable biodiversity management.
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Tiwari, Krishna R., Roshan M. Bajracharya, and Bishal K. Sitaula. "Natural Resource and Watershed Management in South Asia: A Comparative Evaluation with Special References to Nepal." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 9 (August 2, 2009): 72–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/aej.v9i0.2120.
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The paper discusses different approaches of watershed management programs implemented in South Asian countries, with special reference to Nepal based on existing literature and field experiences. Watershed degradation, particularly in mountainous areas, is critical problem in South Asian countries. A participatory approach has been adopted in watershed and natural resource management during the last decade in many developing countries. The participatory community-based watershed management approach in Nepal is viewed from two perspectives. The first, success of conservation of natural resources with formation and strengthening of the local level institutions in rural areas of the country; the second, its multiplier effects in social mobilization, women empowerment, community development and livelihood improvement as well as good governance at local level. In the present context, participatory watershed management must include not only environmental protection but also supporting poor and disadvantaged segments of society in improving their livelihoods. Key words: Bottom-up approach; Empowerment; Participatory approach; Resource management; Top-down approach and watershed degradationThe Journal of Agriculture and Environment Vol:.9, Jun.2008 Page: 72-89
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Acharya, Suresh. "Consequences of Ecotourism in Nepal." Rural Development Journal 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/rdj.v2i1.67271.
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Ecotourism focuses on ecological resource, environmental conservation, community development and economic development by maintaining low-impact and non-consumptive use of local resources. Various forms of ecotourism have emerged globally, including community-based ecotourism, ecosystem ecotourism, cultural ecotourism, nature-based ecotourism, protected area ecotourism, and rural ecotourism. Ecotourism, which prioritizes the conservation of natural resources, biodiversity, and the sustainability of ecosystems, yields more positive impacts on the environment, society, and culture than negative ones. It fosters social cohesion and mobility, strengthens traditional cultures and hospitality, and mitigates political conflicts. Economically, it generates direct employment in hospitality sectors like hotels, lodges, and tourist restaurants, playing a crucial role in the development strategies of many nations, particularly those in the process of development. For instance, in Nepal, ecotourism contributes significantly to enhancing forest cover, biodiversity, and other environmental benefits such as alternative energy sources. Moreover, it plays a pivotal role in poverty alleviation, rural development, agricultural transformation, community enrichment, and empowering women. However, during the initial stages of ecotourism development, challenges may arise in engaging adequate private agencies and local communities in providing accommodations, food services, tour management, and other tourism activities, especially during peak visitation periods. This study focused to the study of ecotourism in Nepal and its impacts on different sectors of the Nepalese society.
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KC, Anup. "Ecotourism in Nepal." Gaze: Journal of Tourism and Hospitality 8 (July 19, 2017): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/gaze.v8i0.17827.
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Ecotourism gives priority to ecological resource integrity, environmental conservation, community development and economic development by maintaining low-impact and non-consumptive use of local resources. There are different forms of ecotourism developed worldwide as community based ecotourism, ecosystem ecotourism, cultural ecotourism, nature based ecosystem, protected area ecotourism and rural ecotourism. It focuses on meeting three concurrent goals of biodiversity conservation, poverty reduction and business viability using sustainable principles and practices. In sustainable ecotourism, local government officials, local communities, NGOs, private sector and management committee had a great role for tourism development and maintaining healthy cooperation and coordination. Ecotourism had more beneficial impacts compared to adverse impacts on the environment, society and culture. It emphasizes the protection of natural resources, biological diversity and sustainability of resource. It increases mobility of people, social stability and harmony; strengthen traditional culture, hospitality and folkway; and decreases political conflicts. Economic benefits from ecotourism include direct employment in hotels, lodges, tourist restaurants, and tourist chauff euring. It is an integral part of the master development strategy of a developing nation. In Nepal, ecotourism helps to enhance forest cover, flora, fauna, greenery, alternative energy sources, natural resource, biodiversity and other environmental benefits. It had helped in controlling antisocial activities, conserving religious and cultural heritage, maintaining peace and prosperity and increase in cooperation of people with religious beliefs and religious tolerance. It had a great role in poverty alleviation, rural development, agricultural transformation, community enrichment and social empowerment of women in Nepal. In the early stage of ecotourism development, it is difficult to have adequate private agencies and local people involved in delivering lodging, fooding, tour management and tourism activities during peak visitation season. There is need of training on nature guiding, cooking, sustainable use of tourism resources, proper handling of tourism demands, expertise in park management and finance management.THE GAZEJOURNAL OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITYVol. 8 No.1 Year 2017, page: 1-19
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Chandra, Susmita, and Pranay Kant Biswas. "Participation of Women in Biodiversity Conservation: A Case Study of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, West Bengal, India." Research Review Journal of Social Science 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrjss.2022.v02.n02.005.
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In this decade of industrialization and urbanization, biodiversity conservation, protection and restoration of the remaining portion of the forest cover is a most prioritized and emerging issue. Besides natural protection, fulfilling the need of the ever-growing population is also a significant factor. In connection to this issue, some places are designated as Biosphere Reserves throughout the world to preserve existing resources of the localities and promote the relationship between natural, socio-economic & cultural environments. Among 701 Biosphere Reserve of the world, the largest and most unique mangrove forest, Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, is enlisted. There are two forest divisions of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve; 24 Pargana South Division has been considered for this study. This paper is a combination of primary and secondary data. Secondary data have been collected from several forest department offices to detect women's participation in forest protection. The primary data collection is from an extensive field survey with the help of a scheduled questionnaire covering 302 women of 24 Pargana South Division. Five-point Likert scale has been used to understand the viewpoint of women respondents regarding Sundarban forest. As per women's statements, alternative income sources are the most effective way to save the mangrove forest. Expansion of small-scale industries by managing non-timber forest products sustainably, incorporation of views of women with the expert's knowledge and developing multi-dimensional approaches are the most significant incentives for the advancement of Sundarban Biosphere Reserve.
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Ku. Sahani, Dr Ashok. "Eco-Tourism: An Option For Sustainable Livelihood And Biodiversity Conservation In Himalayan Region." European Economic Letters (EEL) 13, no. 4 (October 30, 2023): 1284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/eel.v13i4.998.
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Tourism is one of the world’s most durable and dynamic sectors, but according to Mowforth and Munt (1998), there is always a dark side. Natural and Protected areas (National Park, Sanctuary) have been in touristic demand since the 1970’s. Uttarakhand is rich in natural resources especially water (through snow-clad and forest recharged) and forests with many glaciers, rivers, dense forests and snow-clad mountain peaks. The state has a vast tourism potential in adventure, leisure, and after all pilgrimage which may link to eco-tourism. The importance of Sustainable Tourism worldwide has increased significantly due to the impact of increased human activity on climate and natural areas (Protected and Un-protected). Nevertheless, it is necessary that the negative impact of the Tourism industry is not enlarged unrealistically. Full advantage can then be drawn from the potential of tourism for inclusive growth, with livelihood support to the poor, most disadvantaged, women and youth. Mass tourism is generally perceived as problematic, destructive to the environment and insensitive. Therefore, as tourism and its environmental impact grows, so does criticism. Growing environmental concern, combined with a general dissatisfaction with such forms of tourism, led to increased demand for sustainable tourism (Mowforth and Munt, 1998).
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Ahmad, Maghfur. "Urban Women, Their Religion, and Response to Environmental Crisis: Empirical Evidence in Green School and Majlis Taklim Ulin Nuha." Muwazah 12, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/muwazah.v12i1.2591.
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This study argues against the thesis that environmental crisis occurring today is due to masculine men’s domination over women in managing natural resource. Through an in-depth analysis on environmental conservation movement conducted by women in Pekalongan City, this study is projected to be antithesis on feminist’s perspective on the response to environmental crisis issue. This research focuses on the environmental action in religion and gender’s perspective in Green School and Majelis Taklim Ulin Nuha communities. Methodologically, data of this case study research was obtained through observation, interview, and documentation. The result of research shows that the ideology of environmental conservation has diverse paradigms: developmentalistic, constructivistic, and emancipatory. In the context of movement issue and model, urban women’s action in the research location also provided various topics: education, economics, and social movement, by involving school institution, majelis taklim, and non-government organization (NGO). Urban women in Pekalongan make religion and expedient technology the basis for resolving environment crisis by integrating masculinity into femininity harmoniously.
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De Pourcq, Kobe, Evert Thomas, Marlene Elias, and Patrick Van Damme. "Exploring Park–People Conflicts in Colombia through a Social Lens." Environmental Conservation 46, no. 2 (November 29, 2018): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892918000413.
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SummaryNatural resource-related conflicts between local communities and nation states can be extremely destructive. Worldwide, interest is growing in gaining a better understanding of why and how these conflicts originate, particularly in protected areas inhabited by local communities. The literature on local attitudes towards and perceptions of park conservation and park–people conflicts is quite extensive. Studies have examined the socioeconomic and geographical determinants of attitudes to protected areas. However, the role of such determinants in the experience of park–people conflicts has received considerably less attention. Drawing on 601 interviews with people living in or near 15 Colombian national protected areas (NPAs), we examine the socioeconomic and geographical variables that are most influential in people’s experience of conflict related to restricted access to natural resources. We find that the experience of this type of conflict is largely explained by the NPA where a person resides, pursuit of productive activities within the NPA, previous employment in NPA administration, gender and ethnicity. We recommend implementing socially inclusive conservation strategies for conflict prevention and resolution in Colombia’s NPAs, whereby both women and men from different ethnic groups are engaged in design and implementation.
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Hendrastiti, Titiek Kartika, and Pramasti Ayu Kusdinar. "Involvement of Women Village Leaders in Developing Dialogues on Forest Conflict Resolution." Jurnal Perempuan 24, no. 4 (December 23, 2019): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v24i4.381.
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This article is a study of feminist ecological politics in rural women’s leadership and their involvement in resolving conflicts over protected forests. On the one hand, structurally, there is a complex linkage between social, cultural, adat, and religious practices that prevent women from becoming leaders. On the other hand, after they won the leadership contestation in the village, their task was able to go beyond reconciliation and introduce an alternative discourse on sustainable forest conservation. This study examines three main areas namely: (1) ecological sustainability knowledge, understanding and practices; (2) the practice of equal access to natural resources, and responses to vulnerability to environmental change; and (3) equality practices in village development activism. The narrative of feminist ecological political studies from two villages in Kepahiang and Rejang Lebong Districts shows that women village heads are able to penetrate structural barriers, social exclusion, and dismantle economic class barriers.
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Lad, Ramdas. "Identifying the need and potential of ecotourism in Nainital, India." Tourism and Travelling 3, no. 1 (May 17, 2021): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/tt.3(1).2021.02.
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Nainital is a famous tourist destination of India, attracting hundreds of both domestic and foreign tourists every year. Some of the important places in the district are Nainital City, Hanumangarhi, Haldwani, Kaladhungi, Ramnagar, Bhowali, Ramgarh, Mukteshwar, Bhimtal, Sattal and Naukuchiatal. However, Nainital also faces an unsure future, near-stripped of its natural heritage, invaded by vested interests. Moreover, it is converting into concrete jungles. There is an urgent need to embrace conservation of natural resources and to conserve and cherish the value of local traditions, customs and cultural heritage. Thus, ecotourism has a huge potential to attract tourists to Uttarakhand State without destroying or degrading the natural or cultural assets that the visitor has come to see. The primary data was collected using questioners filled mainly by tourists, chief executives, senior managers, mangers and other staff of the organizations. Statistical tools were used to analyze data. In addition, secondary data was taken from the various journals, books and research papers. It was revealed that ecotourism would provide employment and business opportunities to trained individuals of the state. Accordingly, conservation management and tourism activities may provide equitable, social and cultural benefits to men and women of Nainital community through education, training and creation of full time employment opportunities.
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Larson, Douglas M., Elizabeth F. Pienaar, and Lovell S. Jarvis. "Wildlife conservation, labor supply and time values in rural Botswana." Environment and Development Economics 21, no. 2 (June 26, 2015): 135–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x15000194.
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AbstractTo improve wildlife conservation incentives in community-based natural resource management programs, a better understanding of rural communities' willingness to engage in wildlife conservation jobs is needed. We implement a discrete choice model explaining reservation wages for nine conservation jobs using contingent behavior data from rural Botswana residents. We present a model in which the conditional indirect utility function incorporates a more general value of time than has previously been used, and this specification outperforms the standard model. Sample estimates indicate that reservation wages are modestly higher for women than for men, and that residents have higher reservation wages for jobs requiring more exertion or involving more danger.
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Niko, Nikodemus, Ida Widianingsih, Munandar Sulaeman, and Muhammad Fedryansyah. "Indigenous women, forest, and the battle for livelihood rights of Dayak Benawan in Indonesia." Multidisciplinary Reviews 7, no. 8 (April 26, 2024): 2024160. http://dx.doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024160.
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This research delves into the pressing issue of indigenous peoples' livelihoods in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, highlighting the imminent threat they face. The study underscores the urgent need for government intervention to safeguard the rights of indigenous communities, which are consistently eroded in the name of development. This erosion stems from government-sanctioned land concessions, biased policies, and the involvement of capital interests, all of which disproportionately affect indigenous groups. Employing an ethnographic approach, the research aims to elucidate the intricate dynamics at the nexus of gender, indigenous identity, and environmental justice. Through extensive interviews and observations, the study examines the distinct roles played by indigenous women in forest conservation and community sustainability. It challenges stereotypes portraying indigenous communities as underdeveloped or backward, emphasizing their agency and rejecting their characterization as mere beneficiaries of development. Consequently, indigenous peoples face dwindling access to resources, shrinking livelihood options, and the erosion of traditional knowledge, all while their rights remain largely unrecognized. The findings contribute significantly to the discourse on indigenous rights, particularly highlighting the indispensable role of women in environmental preservation. The research advocates for a more inclusive and equitable approach to natural resource management in Indonesia, emphasizing the need for policies that respect and uphold indigenous rights.
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Lamichhane, R., A. Sedhain, and M. Maharjan. "Economic value of community forest to local users : A case study from Barandabhar Protected Forest, Chitwan, Nepal." Banko Janakari 29, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/banko.v29i2.28096.
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Barandabhar Protected Forest (PF) has provided numerous goods and services to the people living around the forest. Integrated evaluation of this PF along with its ecological and economic value is required for the conservation and sustainable management of its forest resource. The field study was carried out in two community-managed forests around the Barandabhar PF Market Price Method and Contingent Valuation Method were used to estimate the use and non-use values of the forest. Determination of the local users' willingness to pay for sustainable management and conservation of the natural resources was done through Contingent Valuation Survey. It was administered to 142 users. Multiple Regression Model was used to analyze the factors affecting the users' willingness to pay (WTP) value. The WTP value for the conservation and sustainable management of forest was found to be affected by the income and gender of the users and their time to reach the forest. The study revealed that the women were more willing to pay for the environmental services provided by the forest. Based on the household (HH) survey, the average HH-consumption of the forest products (timber, fodder and fuelwood) was estimated to be worth of NRs. 5,246 (US$ 46. 69) per HH per year and the specific use value of the forest was estimated to be NRs. 15,160,940 (US$134,931. 82) per year. The total WTP value for the sustainable management and conservation of the forests was estimated to be NRs. 1,341,153 (US$11,936. 20) per year; the users' average WTP value for the conservation and sustainable management of the Barandabhar PF being NRs. 589 (US$ 5. 24) per HH per year.
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Ray, Biswajit, Promita Mukherjee, and Rabindra N. Bhattacharya. "Attitudes and cooperation: does gender matter in community-based forest management?" Environment and Development Economics 22, no. 5 (December 19, 2016): 594–623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x16000358.
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AbstractDoes gender matter in people's attitudes and cooperation in community-based natural resource management? If so, how do gender differences in conservation-related attitudes help or hinder sustaining the commons? Since biases ingrained in community norms and expectations often exclude women from decision making in co-management, it is imperative to find plausible answers to these queries in order to understand gender relations and cooperation in co-management. To this end, the authors conducted psychometric surveys and trust experiments on 196 forest-dependent households in West Bengal, India during 2009–2010. The findings suggest that, despite an overall negative perception about women's involvement in co-management, women are more conservation friendly and pro-social than men. It is also noticed that forest biomass and forest incomes as the indicators of sustainability have increased in those forest communities where women's proportional strength as decision makers is greater and people hold an overall positive conservation attitude.
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Yadav, D. S., and G. S. Chauhan. "ANALYSING THE STATUS OF WATER RESOURCES AND THEIR CONSERVATION: KEY STRATEGIES FOR SUTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MAHOBA DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH (INDIA)." Journal of Global Resources 8, no. 02 (July 30, 2022): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46587/jgr.2022.v08i02.007.
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Water is one of the most important natural resources on the earth surface. It is the base not only for survival of human beings but to operate different types of activities for existence of biotic and abiotic eco-system. Although, water is abundant on the earth but the usable water is considerably very limited. The Mahoba district of Uttar Pradesh is water stressed district which is part of Bundelkhand region, known as a water deficit and drought prone region in the country. Therefore, water crisis is the main issue of the entire region. Due to the less annual rainfall, the availability of water resources is very limited in Mahoba district of Uttar Pradesh. Consequently, there is an urgent need to conserve and manage all type of water resources in order to quench the thirst of large population of the region and to operate different types of agricultural activities including tremendous anthropogenic activities for livelihood security and to feed millions of people. Hence, it is also very important to conserve and manage the water resources of the target area. By applying different types of methods and techniques including traditional and modern, we may not only conserve and manage the water resources of the region by involving local people, farmers, youth and women but also provide drinking water to the millions of people of the area as well as to irrigate farm lands. An attempt has also been made in the research paper to know the people’s perception for management and conservation of water resources.
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Nursyamsi, NFN, NFN Faisal, and NFN Sakaria. "EKOFEMINISME TOKOH PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL CHEMISTRY CINTA DI WAKATOBI KARYA DEDI OEDJI." TELAGA BAHASA 8, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36843/tb.v8i2.244.
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AbstractInjustice towards women in the environment concerns the exploitation by humans of nature. Conceptually, women's feminist issues have a relationship to ecological issues. The novel Chemistry Cinta di Wakatobi by Dedi Oedji tells the story of the Bajo fishing community of various ecological problems in Wakatobi. This study aims to examine the relationship between nature and women in the novel Chemistry Cinta di Wakatobi based on the perspective of Keren J Werren socialist ecofeminism theory. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The research data comes from the novel Chemistry Cinta di Wakatobi. The research data were collected using reading and note-taking techniques. Furthermore, the collected data were analyzed based on studies of socialist ecofeminism. The results showed that the form of the relationship between nature and Wakatobi women is reflected in the figures of Anisa, Wa Dambe, and Wa Tanihi. Relationships that exist in the form of conservation or provision of protection of nature, utilization, and preservation of nature maintain food security and strengthen women's access to the use of natural resources.
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Afdhal, Afdhal. "Peran Perempuan dalam Perekonomian Lokal Melalui Ekowisata di Maluku: Tinjauan Sosio-Ekologi dan Sosio-Ekonomi." RESIPROKAL: Jurnal Riset Sosiologi Progresif Aktual 5, no. 2 (December 11, 2023): 208–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/resiprokal.v5i2.427.
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This research aims to describe the role of women in Maluku, particularly in the tourist destination of Negeri Hukurila Beach, in the local economy through ecotourism with a socio-ecological and socio-economic approach. Through this analysis, we aim to understand the contributions of women in maintaining the sustainability of the natural environment and promoting local economic development. The research findings indicate that women in Maluku possess rich ecological knowledge and play a crucial role in preserving the natural environment in this region. They actively engage in various aspects of ecotourism, such as guiding tours, managing local eateries, producing traditional handicrafts, and operating homestays. Their contributions in these sectors not only add value to the tourist experience but also have a positive impact on the local economy. Additionally, women in Maluku have the potential to strengthen their role in decision-making related to ecotourism development. By actively participating in the planning and management of local resources, they can play a key role in formulating policies that support sustainable development. The research also reveals that women in Maluku play a crucial role in raising public awareness about marine conservation. Concrete actions, such as maintaining beach cleanliness, anti-littering campaigns along the coast or rivers, and encouraging fishermen to use sustainable fishing techniques, are integral parts of their efforts to build awareness about the importance of preserving the marine environment. Thus, this research concludes that women have a significant role in ecotourism in Maluku, both in socio-ecological and socio-economic terms.
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Rêgo, Raísa da Silva Costa, Caio Henrique Gonçalves Cutrim, Amanda Soares Miranda, Juliana Loureiro Almeida Campos, and Vinícius Albano Araújo. "Ethnozoology Mediating Knowledge About Sea Turtles and Environmental Education Strategies in the North-Central Coast of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil." Tropical Conservation Science 14 (January 2021): 194008292110232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19400829211023265.
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Natural environment has undergone rapid transformations, primarily attributed to human actions that threaten ecosystems' balance. Understanding the relationship between humans and nature is essential to generate effective strategies for sustainably using resources. In this study, we analyzed the environmental perception and knowledge about the biology of sea turtles through 120 informal interviews with visitors at beaches on the north-central coast of Rio de Janeiro state. Residents noticed garbage more often than tourists, as did women and younger individuals. The perception of initiatives necessary to increase the preservation of the beaches was higher for people with higher education. In general, there were no differences in biological knowledge about sea turtles between residents, tourists and people who work or study at the cities. The results point to the need for oceanic education strategies that can help raise environmental awareness through long-term conservation programs.
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Halimani, Tinyiko Edward, Obvious Mapiye, Tawanda Marandure, Diedre Januarie, Venancio Edward Imbayarwo-Chikosi, and Kennedy Dzama. "Domestic Free-Range Pig Genetic Resources in Southern Africa: Progress and Prospects." Diversity 12, no. 2 (February 7, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12020068.
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Pig genetic resources in Africa originate from different regions and were introduced through several migration pathways. Genetic analysis has shown a strong phylogeographic pattern, with pigs on the eastern parts showing a high frequency of alleles from the Far East while the ones on the western parts show a strong European influence. This highlights the influence of trade routes on the genetic legacy of African pigs. They have, however, since adapted to the local environments to produce unique populations with unique attributes. Most of the pigs are now reared in resource-constrained smallholdings under free-range conditions. They are largely owned by women who spread ownership of the resource through kinship networks. Very little work has been done to characterize, conserve, and sustainably utilize pig genetic resources in Southern Africa. The risk status of the breeds together with population numbers, distribution, and other attributes are largely unknown. This paper proposes several strategies for the sustainable utilization of the pig genetic resources: A market-driven in situ conservation program and two complementary ex situ strategies. In addition, the possibility of community-based breed improvement programs is discussed. It was concluded that genetic characterization of domestic free-range pig populations should be a supreme priority.
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Thing, Sudeep Jana, and Buddi S. Poudel. "Buffer Zone Community Forestry in Nepal: Examining Tenure and Management Outcomes." Journal of Forest and Livelihood 15, no. 1 (September 4, 2017): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v15i1.23096.
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This paper examines the transfer of management rights over forests and natural resources and exercise of such rights by various sections of local communities in Protected Area (PA) buffer zones in Nepal. The study is based on an extensive review of government policy documents, available published and grey materials. The paper has also been drawn from the long experiences of the authors working in PAs and buffer zones in various parts of the country. We found that Buffer Zone Community Forests (BZCFs) have so far made significant contribution to biodiversity conservation, local livelihoods and institutional building in buffer zones. However, we also found a range of critical challenges in realising clear, comprehensive and secure rights by the local communities. Effective functioning of buffer zone community forestry is undermined by ever-increasing demand of forest products, lack of needed management autonomy and support from the PA management authorities, absence of clear policy guideline, increasing human-wildlife conflict and persistence of social exclusion of women, poor and marginalised. We argue that a better understanding and attention to address tenure related challenges in BZCFs would aid both conservation and local livelihoods and thereby enhance socio-ecological resilience of buffer zone communities.
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Dongmo Keumo Jiazet, Joel Hans. "Potential Impact of Fish Smoking on Mangrove Resources in Southwest Cameroon." Tropical Conservation Science 12 (January 2019): 194008291983330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940082919833300.
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The main objective of this study is to contribute to the sustainable management of mangrove forests in Cameroon through assessing the impact of fish smoking activities on mangrove resources. Mangrove wood is harvested by local communities for many purposes, but most notably as fuel for fish smoking. Population growth has greatly increased the pressure on these resources in recent years. Our study focused on fish smoking activities in Ndian and Fako, in the southwest region of Cameroon. Through structured and semistructured questionnaires, 243 fish smokers were interviewed in 9 local markets. Our study found that all the fish smokers were women from Cameroon, Ghana, Nigeria, and Benin. Ninety-three percent of our respondents purchase the wood they use, which is mainly red mangrove ( Rhizophora racemosa). The quantity of wood consumed is governed not only by the amount of fish requiring smoking but also by the type of oven used. Per fish smoking session, a traditional oven takes 53 hr to smoke 528 kg of fish and consume 1,205 kg of wood at a cost of 50€. A modern cinderblock oven, on the other hand, requires only 5 hr to smoke 160 kg of fish and consumes 122 kg of wood at a cost of 10€. Cinderblock ovens are preferable both ecologically and economically and could be one of multiple solutions for the sustainable management of mangrove wood resources. However, interventions are necessary in order for fish smokers to become aware of the benefits of these improved cinderblock ovens.
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Gul Mazloom Yar, Fayaz, and Majid Yasouri. "The Role of Tourism in the Development of Afghanistan." International Journal of Social Health 2, no. 12 (December 31, 2023): 954–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.58860/ijsh.v2i12.129.
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Tourism is recognized as a tool for development and has limitless growth potential. The tourism environment encompasses economic, social, and cultural factors and plays a vital role in the natural environment. Achieving sustainable tourism, which is linked to managing and preserving natural resources, is of utmost importance. This article utilizes credible sources to examine the role of tourism in sustainable development in Afghanistan. Given the significance of the tourism industry, this research aims to draw attention to the importance of tourism in Afghanistan's development. The primary research question revolves around how we can harness the potential of the tourism industry for Afghanistan's development. For this research, a descriptive-analytical method and literature reviews have been employed, with meticulous collection and analysis of reputable sources such as scholarly articles, books, reports, case studies, and relevant databases. The findings of this research indicate that due to Afghanistan's diverse cultural and environmental attractions, tourism can play a crucial role in sustainable development. This industry can contribute to economic growth, increased government tax revenue, enhanced international trade and export of tourism services, infrastructure improvement, job creation, environmental preservation, and cultural heritage conservation. It can also improve the economic conditions of women and promote handicraft industries. In conclusion, this research suggests that adequate measures are necessary to promote the sustainable growth of tourism in Afghanistan. Precise planning, a deep understanding of natural and cultural resources, environmental preservation, education, and employment generation should all be prioritized. Furthermore, promoting tourism requires shared responsibility from the government, local communities, and the tourism industry.
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Maksimowski, Sophie Anne. "Joint forest management in India: implications and opportunities for women’s participation in community resource management." SURG Journal 4, no. 2 (March 11, 2011): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21083/surg.v4i2.1186.
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In recent years, state decentralization of control over community resource management has been increasing on a global scale. This process is largely intended to compensate for bureaucratic inefficiencies through the involvement of local users in state conservation efforts. Since India established its National Forest Policy of 1988, such a shift has occurred in natural resource management from the national to the local level. During the 1990’s this process of decentralization was accelerated under India’s Joint Forest Management (JFM) Policy. This paper examines the implications of JFM in involving local stakeholders with forest management practices, and specifically, women’s role within JFM and the degree of their participation within village forest institutions. Women are the primary collectors of forest products in rural India, and it is recognized that as a forest-dependent group, they ought to be involved in decision-making within these institutions for the sustainability of village livelihoods and conservation efforts. The success of JFM programs in this regard requires that a greater role for women be established through a gender policy within JFM. Both within and outside of state policy, measures to enhance women’s participation must take into account social relations and structures that perpetuate women’s exclusion, and identify ways through which these structures can be transformed. Ultimately, promoting women’s empowerment and livelihood rights and opportunities are essential preconditions to their effective participation.
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DC, Daman Dhoj. "Investigating the Implementation of the Buffer Zone Approach in Development: A Case Study of Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, Kanchanpur, Nepal." Academia Research Journal 2, no. 2 (July 27, 2023): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/academia.v2i2.56972.
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The study conducted in February-March 2023 aimed to assess the socio-economic status of rural communities residing in the buffer zone surrounding Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve (SWR) in Kanchanpur district, referred to as a zone of impact adjacent to the Conservation Area. The buffer zone covers various locations, including Bhim att, Bedkot municipality, Suklaphanta municipality, Beldandi Village municipality, and others. Data was collected through household surveys in five sample locations: Chathari, Sunderpur, Bagphanta, Nayagaun, and Lalpur. A total of 50 households were surveyed, with 10 sample households per location, using structured questionnaires and observation sheets. Findings from the study indicated an average family size of 6.08 individuals, with varying levels of education among adults. Approximately 74% of households were primarily engaged in agriculture, while other means of occupation included hotel business, trade, and service sector jobs. The study also highlighted the significant role of women in farming activities and childcare. Tourism was identified as an emerging economic activity in the buffer zone, with around 55% of visitors coming from different parts of the country to SWR. The Wildlife Reserve positively impacted the socio-economic environment by conserving natural resources, promoting greenery, and contributing to income and employment generation. Respondents acknowledged the buffer zone's importance in water resource conservation, with 90% agreeing that it was fruitful in this regard. However, around 6% reported facing challenges due to wild animals. Ultimately, if future initiatives align with the buffer zone's potential, the study concluded that rural poverty could be reduced, and the livelihoods of people in the area could be improved.
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Ding, Tingting, Wenzhuo Sun, Yuan Wang, Rui Yu, and Xiaoyu Ge. "Comparative Evaluation of Mountain Landscapes in Beijing Based on Social Media Data." Land 11, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101841.
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An important part of Beijing’s ecological pattern, mountain landscapes are also the most important natural tourist destinations in Beijing. The unique mountain environment in Taihang and Yan Mountains attracts Beijing and foreign tourists alike. Tourists publish travel photos and comments on social media, which provides a new opportunity for a systematic evaluation of these mountain parks based on social media data. To fully understand the developmental status of mountain landscapes in Beijing, this paper comparatively evaluates 45 mountain landscapes in Beijing based on social media data. Using big data capture, semantic network analysis, importance-performance analysis (IPA), etc., it explores the composition of tourist groups in mountain parks, the preferences of the tourist groups, and the relationships between park tourists and different influencing factors, and evaluates the recreational experiences of tourist groups. The development of recreational activities was found to be more important to local tourists than scenic sites for foreign tourists. According to gender differences, women were more interested in recreational experiences than men, while men were more interested in the park’s landscapes. According to the IPA, tourists were satisfied with the overall recreation offered by mountain landscapes. The perceptual experience was dominated by visual perception, followed by smell; touch, hearing, and taste were of minor importance. Using social media data to analyze mountain landscape resources in Beijing can provide useful insights into the advantages of these landscapes under a variety of site conditions, strengthen local mountain resource development and tourism publicity, integrate tourism management and planning resources in a targeted and attractive manner, and enhance ecological leisure services.
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Kimanzu, Ngolia, Björn Schulte-Herbrüggen, Jessica Clendenning, Linley Chiwona-Karltun, Kyla Krogseng, and Gillian Petrokofsky. "What Is the Evidence Base Linking Gender with Access to Forests and Use of Forest Resources for Food Security in Low- and Middle-Income Countries? A Systematic Evidence Map." Forests 12, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 1096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081096.
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In nearly all parts of the world, an important part of people’s livelihood is derived from natural resources. Gender is considered one of the most important determinants of access and control over forests. It is thought that women and men within households and communities have different opportunities and different roles and responsibilities in relation to forest use. It is probable that when women have equal access to forests, better food security outcomes can be achieved for individuals and households that are dependent on forests for their livelihoods. A systematic evidence map of the evidence base linking gender with access to forests and use of forest resources for food security was undertaken. Ten bibliographic databases and 22 websites of international development and conservation organisations were searched using keywords suggested by stakeholders. Other articles were found by emailing authors and organisations to send potentially relevant publications. 19,500 articles were retrieved from bibliographic databases and 1281 from other sources. After iterative screening, 77 studies were included: 41 focussed on Africa, 22 on Asia, 12 on Latin America, 2 were global. Most indicators of food security measure access to food, measured by total consumption, expenditure, or income. Studies showed strong gender specialisation: commercial access and utilisation of forests and forest products dominated by men, whereas access for subsistence and household consumption is almost exclusively the task of women. Despite the large number of studies reviewed, limitations of the evidence base, including methodological heterogeneity, a dominance of case studies as the study design, and unequal geographical representation in study locations, make it difficult to generalise about the overall importance of gender and its effect on access to and use of forests for food security in developing countries. The critical gaps in the evidence base include geographical representation in primary research and a greater breadth of study designs to assess gender implications of access to forest resources globally.
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Vladova, Ina. "Understanding Students’ Perspectives on Environmental Protection: Insights from an Empirical Study." SHS Web of Conferences 176 (2023): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317601008.
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Environmental protection is an essential factor for the sustainable development of humanity. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to promote attitudes and behaviors that help to conserve natural resources and reduce the harmful impact of human activities on the environment. Such attitudes and behaviors can be achieved through education, awareness, and changing people’s environmental attitudes. The present article will discuss some key attitudes and behaviors that help protect the environment – recycling waste, using green energy, reducing air and water pollution, supporting sustainable agriculture, etc. The study involved 393 undergraduate students, including 198 women and 195 men, from National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia. Students completed an online survey that measured their environmental attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors, as well as their perceptions of the effectiveness of environmental education. Environmental attitudes and behaviors can be applied in different areas of life, such as at home, work, and public places. People must realize the importance of these actions and carry them out regularly to contribute to the conservation of nature and the world’s sustainable development.
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Tewari, Bhawna, and Ashish Tewari. "Spring shed development by employing traditional practices for spring revival and reducing women drudgery in Kumaun Himalayan Region." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29 (2023): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i03s.025.
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The Himalayan ecosystem is one of the most important and threatened life support systems on the earth. Ruthless exploitation of vegetal cover from steep hill slopes of Uttarakhand hills is adversely affecting the various natural resources. About 36% of springs have dried resulting into severe crisis of water for drinking as well as irrigation during the past 20 years. It is a dangerous sign that aquifers are depleting in a state where majority of the population in hills dependents on springs for drinking water. Women drudgery is high and bulk of their time is spent in collecting fodder, fuel-wood and water for which walking 4-6 Km/ day is common resulting in neglect of children and personal health. The present study was conducted at two villages (1646 -1715 m elevation) to evaluate the effect of various activities directed towards using a mix of traditional and scientific know how in reviving /improving the water discharge of springs, reducing women drudgery by planting fodder grasses in areas close to villages. The milk production increased by 0.8 to 1.2 liter/ cattle/household. Establishment of micro-reservoirs at each spring shed increased thedischarge of water during lean period.
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Villamor, Grace B. "Gender and Water-Energy-Food Nexus in the Rural Highlands of Ethiopia: Where Are the Trade-Offs?" Land 12, no. 3 (February 28, 2023): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12030585.
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The introduction of modern bioenergy alternatives is promoted to address water–energy–food (WEF) security in the rural highlands of Ethiopia. While the role of women in WEF security is an essential component of these challenges, gender dimensions remain invisible in the nexus debate. This study explores the impact of gender-specific roles between female- and male-headed households on the nexus resources in the rural highlands of Ethiopia using an agent-based modeling approach. This includes capturing the gender-specific responses to modern bioenergy interventions to address current energy crises that may reduce or enhance synergies among nexus resources and whether the introduction of modern bioenergy technology would improve the quality of life for both men and women. Using the participatory gendered mental model of the food–energy–land nexus, a base ABM was developed to simulate the predicted effects under scenarios of population growth and labor reallocation. Initial simulation results show that there is low adoption of alternative bioenergy (i.e., biogas digesters), and the majority remain dependent on traditional energy sources (e.g., fuel wood and animal dung), suggesting further land degradation. Female-headed households that adopt biogas increase their burden of collecting water needed for the operation. Reallocation of labor from crop production to fuelwood collection would result in the reduction of crop yields. It is expected that male-headed households have better crop yields than female counterparts due to gender-specific roles. However, by shifting 10% of labor allocated from energy collection to crop production, yields (i.e., teff and wheat) produced by female-headed households would be comparable to their male counterparts, enhancing their food security. However, the reduced workloads for women resulting from the adoption of biogas digesters will not necessarily enhance their quality of life. This study suggests that trade-offs may arise between efficiency (in resource use) and social equity, which deserve to be further analyzed.
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Imikan, A. M., C. I. Oseghale, I. C. Nda, N. C. Ekong5, and A. E. Udo. "Women in Climate Change for Sustainable Impact: Ecotourism for Poverty Alleviation in Rural Akwa Ibom State." Randwick International of Social Science Journal 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 469–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v4i2.708.
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This study sought to assess the contributions of ecotourism as poverty alleviation strategy amongst women in rural Akwa Ibom State. The study was descriptive in nature and employed survey research design. Based on reconnaissance survey, three major ecotourism sites were purposively selected for the study, one from each of the senatorial districts in Akwa Ibom State, making a sample size of three (3). Fifty questionnaire forms were administered in each study site using simple random sampling method and same were returned. This makes a total of one hundred and fifty (150) questionnaire forms. Data were analysed descriptively based on the questionnaire responses. Furthermore, to evaluate the impact of women on sustainable ecotourism development, chi-square (x²) statistical method was employed for the hypothesis test. The result shows that women have significant impacts on sustainable ecotourism development. This indicates that women are the integral part of development. Also, new ecotourism attraction sites were discovered during the inventory. Therefore, the researcher recommends that women should actively participate and involve in ecotourism related activities. They should reinforce positive conservation habit towards natural resource base. Also, biodiversity should be advocated and women should be integrated in planning and decision making towards tourism development since they are more vulnerable.
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Deshar, Rashila, and Madan Koirala. "Gender-wise contribution in carbon management by high himalayan ethnic group of Gatlang VDC, Rasuwa, Nepal." Nepal Journal of Environmental Science 4 (December 5, 2016): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njes.v4i0.22723.
Full textAbstract:
In mountainous country Nepal having large populations of culturally unique indigenous peoples poses threats of glaciers retreat and resource bases change. The indigenous people living in mountain plays the major role in carbon management. Further, the role and responsibilities of men and women varies differently in natural resource conservation and management. However, their participation in decision-making and benefit sharing is poor. The majority of women have unequal access to productive resources and decision-making process. Therefore, study on gender based agro-pastoral activities, their contribution on carbon management and decision-making process were carried out in Tamang ethnic group of Gatlang VDC of Rasuwa district, Nepal. For the purpose, 30 households were selected purposively. Similarly, four focus group discussions were carried out among the separate group of women, men and group consisting both men and women. Carbon management types: input carbon and output carbon activities were studied on men and women. In total, 23 different agro-pastorals related activities were found, among them 57% of work were supported by women, 39% by both men and women, and 4% by men only. With respect to fuel-wood, in average, 10 kg per day fuelwood is necessary for one household. The use of biomass for cooking emits chocking smoke and causes indoor air pollution. All these disadvantages lead to carbon emission which might lead to health deterioration of women by increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disorders. The average fuel-wood requirement was found to be 840 kg/capita/year which are found to be higher than the other physiographic regions of Nepal. This is due to use of fuel-wood as only source of energy in the study area. Out of total respondent, it was observed that 30% literate men allow their wife to make joint decision on the major household issues. Similarly, 3% literate women respondents took the major decision by their own or jointly with their husbands. On the other hand, 30% illiterate men and 37% illiterate women either didn’t allow their wife or don’t participate in major decision-making process. Further, it is revealed from the chi square test that literacy plays major role in decision making (x2 = 5.625, df =1, p=0.017). Similarly, educated women actively join together with their husband in decision making. Moreover, women have high contribution in carbon input and output activities. Therefore, the women education should be promoted to make their equal and strong participation in decision making, which ultimately contribute in carbon input and output activities, through their greater roles in livestock husbandry and fuel-wood management relative to men. Further, importance of women’s role in carbon management should be given greater prominence.
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Cai, Cai, and Bharat Dahiya. "Gender Equality in Asia-Pacific: Reflections on the Beijing+25 Review." Space and Culture, India 8, no. 3 (November 29, 2020): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.vi0.1000.
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This article reviews the 25-year progress made in implementing the ‘Beijing Platform for Action’ and the challenges that remain towards achieving gender equality in the Asia-Pacific region. Adopted in 1995 at the Fourth World Conference on Women, the ‘Beijing Platform for Action’ has been hailed as the most progressive policy blueprint for gender equality and women’s empowerment. In November 2019, over 600 participants from 54 countries, comprising representatives from Governments, international organisations and civil society organisations attended the Asia-Pacific Ministerial Conference on the Beijing+25 Review in Bangkok. The delegations reviewed the “achievements, challenges and priority areas for realizing gender equality and women’s empowerment” (UNESCAP, 2019a:1) in Asia-Pacific. For 25 years, since the adoption of the ‘Beijing Platform for Action’, Asia-Pacific has witnessed significant progress in girls’ education and women’s health. Unprecedented progress has been made in and reducing maternal deaths and enhancing women’s representation in national parliaments and local governments in several countries. However, there are some enduring challenges, including women’s economic empowerment and political participation, and violence against women. Whilst women play a pivotal role in protecting the environment and natural resources, they have been underrepresented in environment-related decision making and negotiations. Accordingly, the key actions outlined by the ‘Asia-Pacific Declaration on Advancing Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: Beijing+25 Review’ cover a wide range of issues, from women’s economic empowerment, political participation, to women’s full and effective participation in environment conservation, climate action and peace building process.