Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Women in agriculture Mozambique'
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Farahane, Matias Jaime. "The farm sector issues and evidence from Mozambique /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Raimundo, José Alberto. "La place et le rôle des villageois dans le processus de mise en oeuvre de la politique agraire au Mozambique : le cas des communautés Ajaua de la province de Nyassa : 1975 à 2005." Paris 8, 2008. http://octaviana.fr/document/143343440#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
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La question centrale de cette thèse analyse la place et le rôle des paysans du Mozambique dans le processus de mise en oeuvre de la politique agraire. Il s'agit d'une tentative d'explication des processus sociaux et économiques affectant la réalité des zones rurales d'après l'indépendance du pays (depuis 1975 jusqu'en 2005), donc un exemple de ce qui s'est passé dans ces zones avec la communauté Ajaua qui habite la province de Nyassa, plus précisément des villages de Miala, Unango, Mapudjé et Malulo situés au nord du district de Sanga. L'auteur cherche à comprendre les rapports qui se sont établis entre l'Etat et ces paysans, aussi bien les aspects les plus importants de la vie de cette communauté rurale (leurs intérêts, leur positionnement et leur production). Il analyse d'abord l'organisation de la vie de cette communauté avant l'influence capitaliste et coloniale (afin de restituer la cohérence et la dynamique des pratiques et institutions domestiques anciennes), aussi bien pendant la domination coloniale (pour analyser les caractéristiques de la domination coloniale au niveau de ces communautés). Ensuite, il se consacre à l'étude de la stratégie du développement agricole du pays à l'époque post-coloniale et à l'analyse des comportements de la communauté cible à l'égard de ces stratégies de développement. Finalement, il analyse la situation actuelle des villages étudiés, pour identifier les changements importants qui s'opèrent au niveau économique, politique, social, et géographiqueThis dissertation analyses the place and role of peasants in Mozambique within the framework of the implementation of agrarian policies. It is an attempt at accounting for the economic and social processes bearing on rural areas in the period after the country's independence, i. E. An illustration of what has occurred in these areas with the Yao community which lives in Niassa province, especially in the villages of Miala, Unango, Mapudjé and Malulo in the north of the district of Sanga from 1975 (the year of Mozambique's independence) to 2005. The author seeks to understand the relationship between the State and peasants in the process of political, social and economic transformation which the rulers unleashed in Mozambique's rural world as well as the most important features of the life of these rural communities. First of all, an analysis of the organization of the economic, political and social life of these communities before capitalist and colonial influence (with a view to reconstructing the coherence and dynamic of old domestic institutions and practices) as well as during colonial domination (with a view to appraising the characteristics of colonial domination at the level of these communities) is undertaken. Secondly, a look is taken into the agricultural development strategy during the post-colonial period and into the behavior of the target community. Finally, there is an appraisal of the present condition of the studied villages in order to identify important changes taking place at the economic, political, social and geographic level
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Lalani, Baqir. "Economics and adoption of conservation agriculture in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/75668/.
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Conservation Agriculture (CA) is an agro-ecological approach to sustainable production intensification. Low rates of adoption have plagued Sub-Saharan-Africa despite years of promotion. A polarised debate has emerged centred on the farm-level costs/benefits (particularly for the poorest farmers), including when benefits occur, labour requirements (including weeding) and in particular whether CA requires high inputs. The thesis draws on a household survey of 197 farmers in Metuge district (Cabo Delgado, Mozambique) in tandem with participatory stakeholder interviews administered in 2014. Probabilistic cash flow analysis compares CA and conventional cropping for different crop mixes and planning horizons. Secondly, a socio-psychological model explores intention to use CA. A novel Monte-Carlo Markov chain algorithm using socio-psychological factors and conventional determinants of adoption is also incorporated in order to explore adoption dynamics. The thesis finds evidence of benefits for the poorest farmers and in the short-term under CA (without high inputs) but which are dependent on crop mix and opportunity cost of labour assumed. Socio-psychological factors play a strong role in the adoption process; farmers’ attitude is found to be the strongest predictor of intention to use CA mediated through key cognitive drivers such as increased yields, reduction in labour, improvement in soil quality and reduction in weeds (which are precisely the areas of current contention). Interestingly, Farmer Field School participants have a significantly stronger positive attitude towards CA. The employment of the novel Monte-Carlo estimation (as do the stakeholder interviews) also identify Farmer Field School membership, the role of village facilitators in engaging with farmers on CA and willingness to be part of a group play an important role in adoption. Importance of labour reduction, soil quality improvement and perceptions of pests also significantly influence adoption suggesting social learning interactions (taking account of these issues) vis-à-vis an appropriate innovation system are critical to CA usage.
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Fuel, Isaias Carlos. "Perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast in rural Mozambique: a case study of two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs)." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007240.
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The wealth of information available on the Internet holds the potential to aid development in Africa. In order to be effective, such information needs to be contextualised to respond to local needs and practices. The combination of old and new media can support uptake and improve acceptance of new technologies in developing countries. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the perceived usefulness of agricultural information sought on-line and broadcast via community radio in the two Community Multimedia Centres (CMCs) of Namaacha and Murrombene, in rural Mozambique. The data was generated from focus group discussion, individual interview, document analysis, and observation involving farmers and radio presenters. The study has shown that on-line agricultural information responds to the needs of the farmers because it contributes to eliminate pests and help farmers to make decisions about their activities. The study has also shown that there is a communication gap between farmers, extension workers, and volunteer reporters working at the community radios of the two CMCs. Volunteers have no agricultural knowledge. The problem this creates manifests itself primarily when they try to translate on-line agricultural information from Portuguese into local languages. Farmers have difficulties expressing their problems. Extension workers are not available to act as experts and mediators between volunteers and farmers. A collaborative website focusing on locally relevant content was suggested as a possible improvement.
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Musoke, Emily Jamac Aman. "Sustainable Small Scale Agriculture Transformation Process in Ribáuè District, Nampula Province, Mozambique." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24391.
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Over 80 percent of the population in Africa are smallholder peasant farmers, still predominantly engaged in subsistence farming, distinctive with low yields. The Low African agriculture productivity, according to the World Bank Report (2008) is mainly attributed to African governments as obstruction to development owing to inappropriate government policy interventions, poor governance coupled with the state’s withdrawing from investments in market infrastructure, and support services. At the same time another report by the Nordic African Institute (2007) claims that low productivity is due to policies imposed by the IMF and World Bank, especially the policy concerning denial of the state having a significant role in the process of development. Hence, two opinions from two prestigious institutions are displaying contradictory versions of the reasons behind the apparent crisis of agriculture in Africa. The purpose of this study is to try to understand the relevance and possible compatibility of the WDR (2008) and NAI Report (2007) strategic outlooks to the reality in an African rural setting in Ribaue district, in northern Mozambique regarding the transformation process of smallholder peasant agriculture. A qualitative study was carried out using semi structured interviews with both primary and secondary stakeholders in the district of Ribáuè. The findings revealed a very slow agriculture transformation process in terms of areas of fields cultivated, technology/inputs, volume of production and productivity. An important implication of these findings is that poverty as the focal problem for this low transformation process has not been adequately addressed. As a consequence, peasant farmers have limited access to all the five capital assets in the Sustainable Rural Livelihood model that are essential for the transformation of small scale peasant agriculture. There are underlying factors such as low public spending mainly attributed to the State’s deficiency in the balance of payments, consequently leading to the high dependency on foreign aid, where the conditions compromises the sovereignty of the country, in terms of its ability to plan its own budget, and choice of development projects that meet the needs of small scale peasant farmers. Our proposals are not very different from NAI’s in terms of emphasis on achieving long term productive potential through government enhancement in investment in building institutional capacity (in form of human resource development and physical resources), and by coming up with coherent development strategies for small scale peasant farmers to promote agricultural productivity. The government needs to adopt pro-poor policy reviews and develop frameworks for sustainable agriculture. This can be achieved through investment in R&D especially in the field of normative policy analysis, which aims at identifying ‘smart’ policy instruments that fit into the country-specific frame conditions.
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Dos, Santos Ganho Ana. "Reshaping sovereignty powers in agriculture in the Limpopo valley, Mozambique (2004-2014)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/reshaping-sovereignty-powers-in-agriculture-in-the-limpopo-valley-mozambique-20042014(2d12ac30-9e59-4a18-a85a-b3f54d4dd9e6).html.
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Among the core concerns with the extraordinary proliferation of land deals in Africa - often referred to as "land grabs" - is that the signing of contracts between host states and foreign companies and/or other states for large swaths of territory and associated agribusinesses could represent an erosion of the host state's sovereignty powers. This concern reveals a double characterisation of the state, as weak in its sovereignty and, yet, as very able to negotiate and implement deals. Host states have been shown to be able to exercise sovereignty in those deals, what type of sovereignty - and whose -, however, remains in dispute. This thesis seeks to address this issue through a case study that focuses on the question how sovereignties are shaping and being shaped by land deals in Mozambique's Limpopo Valley. It specifically investigates the rice and sugar projects in areas of the Chokwe and Xai-Xai regadios. It considers land deals as a set of processes for international-domestic negotiation of goals and funding, followed by processes in the areas of decision-making, policy-making, and project implementation. Based on critical reappraisals of the concept of sovereignty, the thesis understands sovereignty as a set of powers that a state effectively has, beyond mere legal sovereignty, rather than an a priori attribute that a state does or does not possess, in zero-sum terms. As such it is an outcome of relational, inter-subjective processes and, thus, dynamic and historically contingent. Consequently, rather than absolute power over its territory and population, sovereignty is considered in terms of degrees of two types of political power practices, "command" power and "infrastructural" power, according to multiple and not always congruent state functions. To this, the thesis brings a notion of socially constructed state such that it is never neutral because a part of society and, thus socially embedded and produced. This allows me to move past the assumption of 'common good' and the moralist discussions of 'elite capture' and corruption. Based on this theoretical and analytical framework, the thesis posits irrigated agriculture and the state schemes hosting foreign projects as "sites" where actors' interests and powers are shaped relationally: the state (in different capacities), other states and their development agencies, foreign private sector actors and multiple domestic groups. The processes are studied at two levels. The first concerns how state "command" power is used to harness and/or defend against different international developments, negotiating international narratives and domestic needs, resulting in agricultural and water regulations, with ODA dependence for budgets. A subset of regulatory activity is the revisions to by-laws of management irrigation-scheme companies, as new representatives of central power locally. At the second level, the research focuses on interaction with Western equity and Chinese cooperation projects, two of the main types of investors, which come with different foreign management and funding models. Further, processes are embedded in historical trajectories of elite groups' moving away from agriculture since the 1980s, yet holding on to land entitlements, and of producers' displacement. This analytical framework allows research to effectively go beyond the notion of the state as either weak or able, considering it as polymorphous and acting in specific dimensions that no longer seem contradictory. Further, it illuminates the mutually constitutive nature of (sub)national and international dimensions of sovereignty, which tend to be exiled from each other in mainstream approaches to the notion, as well as the inextricability of political and economic powers in the 'sovereignty frontier' of post-conditionality states.
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Filipsson, Svante, and Anders Hultman. "Is smoking and clothing doing any good for Mozambique : a study of cashcrops and its effects in northern Mozambique." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1718.
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The question of the cultivation of cash crops in Africa south of Sahara has long been debated. We have examined the situation of cash crop cultivation for the peasant of northern Mozambique. What factors are needed for a peasant to be able to choose to cultivate cash crops and what are the effects on the peasant’s situation when cultivating cash crops? With help from James C. Scott’s theories about food security and the safety first principle see how the possibilities are for the peasant to grow cash crops.
By using the Lewis two-sector model we have examined the possibilities for a peasant of northern Mozambique abilities to make the transition from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector. We found this model insufficient to explain the transition of labour in the Mozambican society. The model needs two additional sectors to fully explain the transition in Mozambique. These sectors, cash crop and semi-industrial, are needed because the transition is too far in terms of productivity and technology. An extensive cash crop production is therefore important for the economic development. We have also found that food security is important for the peasants in order to start growing cash crops.
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Morais, João Manuel F. "The early farming communities of southern Mozambique : an assessment of new and extant evidence." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:109c9470-855f-4696-906d-61ae770e217b.
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The thesis covers extensive and mostly unpublished archaeological evidence of the early farming communities of southern Mozambique. Environmental patterns and present-day human interactions are assessed, and the potentials of available ethno-historical source materials briefly estimated. The developments, aims and methodologies of the Archaeological Research Programme from 1976 to 1984 are described as providing the first contextual work from which we derive most of our present data. The individual archaeological sites are evaluated within particular physiographic units conformable to location and environmental setting and described accordingly. The archaeological evidence is presented and discussed in relation to associated sites in the region, as well as related to commonly accepted archaeological traditions in southern Africa. An interpretative view of the data is put forward in relation to regional, physical and cultural parameters, and reconstructions of historical entities are suggested by discreet archaeological pottery traditions. An outline of the early farming community economy and organization is proposed. A review of the archaeology of the early farming communities of eastern and southern Africa is presented as providing a comparative frame of reference of overall historical processes of relevance to local developments.
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Mérida, Lindgren Frida. "The Relation Between Climate Change and Gender Inequality in Mozambique : A case study on how climate change affects women in poverty in Mozambique." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105606.
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Mozambique is a developing country specifically targeted by the impacts and consequencesthat are caused by climate change. This is due to the inconvenient geographical location interms of climate change but also due to their economical and infrastructural disadvantagewhich makes the countries populations more prone to suffer from the consequences in amanner that makes adapting and coping with the circumstances significantly difficult. At the same time Mozambique has high rates of gender inequality, which impacts women inthe country who live in poverty, in unfavourable forms in everyday life.These two topics are investigated throughout the thesis, from both a broader and closerperspective. The idea with this research is to come closer to cover the research gap that isconcerned with how women in Mozambique who are already targets of gender inequality inthe country suffer from the hard impacts of climate change and how the two issues may relateor influence each other. The research is performed as a qualitative study with the ecofeminist theoretical approach asa lens on the investigation, and the findings were obtained through the text-analysis method.The findings of the research present evidence on how climate change affects Mozambiqueand its society as well as the gender inequality circumstances women live in the samecountry. From empirical studies the findings chapter provides a perspective that helps betterexplain and understand how women's vulnerable position in society along with theirexpected responsibilities due to cultural norms sets them in a directly exposed climatechange-affected position. The research culminates with a response to the research gapsuggesting that the relation between climate change and gender inequality in Mozambiquehas an unbalanced impact on women, where the gender roles forced upon women in thecountry set a targeted situation for them by climate change resulting in a double-burdencircumstance for women.
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Bunker, Lillian K. "Girls in war, women in peace : reintegration and (in)justice in post-war Mozambique." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11769.
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This study explores the longitudinal reintegration of girls involved in the post-independence war in Mozambique using in-depth qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews, and a wide range of documents. Piecing together the narratives of over 70 informants, the dissertation chronicles the way in which the war and the post-conflict environment, and to a lesser extent, the historical cultural milieu, have contributed to these women’s current realities.
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Rizko, Sandra, and Lydia Elias. "Organic or Conventional Green Revolution? -a field study conducted in Ribaue, Mozambique." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24370.
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A group of students from the Peace and Development master program at Linnaeus University in Växjö have conducted a field study on agriculture in Ribaue district, Nampula, Mozambique. This study took place over a period of five weeks starting from the beginning of April. The purpose of the research was to perform a socio-economic study to gain a better understanding of the conditions under which the population of Ribaue live, the majority of which are small-scale farmers. Also, how they manage to access resources in order to improve their livelihoods and how small-scale farmers are striving to reach a lifestyle that is more sustainable. This study concentrates on the potential introduction of the Green Revolution Strategy, which is linked to food security and combating poverty, in Mozambique. It asks the question: under what conditions can it be possible for a Green Revolution Strategy to be developed and implemented in the district of Ribaue in Nampula, and which are the necessary prerequisites for a successful implementation of such a strategy? We have, through interviews, observations and participation in various activities, discovered the main issues that need to be addressed in the district. The Green Revolution Strategy exists in theory on the national level but has not yet been fully implemented in practice. Very few producers in Ribaue have heard of the concept ‘Green Revolution’, however, certain parts of its content were known to farmers, such as improved seeds and fertilizers. Furthermore, the gender conditions are still in favor of men, although some significant progress has been made. Better access to education and credit, improved infrastructure, and more effective spread of information and communication are some of the prerequisites that need to be addressed in Ribaue and they are presented in this study.
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Fortmann, Joshua. "Domestic Violence as a Risk Factor in HIV Positivity: An Analysis of Mozambican Women." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/11.
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Domestic violence has long been studied as a factor in health issues, specifically chronic illness and mental health issues. However, less research has been conducted concerning domestic violence as a risk factor for certain infectious diseases. Mozambique has alarmingly high rates of both domestic violence and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. The object of this research is to ascertain if there is link between women who suffer from domestic violence and risk of being HIV positive. The data used for this analysis was obtained from a 2018 survey conducted in Mozambique by the Department of Health Surveys (DHS). The data was cleaned to remove any observations that did not contain responses to relevant questions surrounding domestic violence and HIV positivity. The final population used for analysis was 2125 individuals. During analysis, age was identified as a possible confounder, and was included in analysis as well as in the final logistic model. A chi squared test was performed which indicated that a relationship exists between Domestic Violence and HIV Positivity (p=.0003). A second chi squared test also indicated a relationship between Age and HIV Positivity (p=
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Kingdon, Lorraine B. "Women: The Driving Force in African Agriculture." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295699.
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Tebello, Letsekha. "Ruth First in Mozambique: portrait of a scholar." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003108.
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Ruth First was an activist, journalist and sociologist trained by experience and credentialed by her numerous publications. Having lived most of her adult life as an intellectual and activist, First died in August 1982 at the hands of a regime and its supporters who intensely detested all these pursuits. This research project sketches the intellectual contributions made by the South African sociologist during her time at the Centre of African Studies at Eduardo Mondlane University, Mozambique. Her life like the newspaper she edited in the early 1970s was a Fighting Talk and this research project is about celebrating that life and valorising some of the life’s work that she left behind. Making use of qualitative research methods such as archiving, semi-structured interviews and contents analysis, this thesis sought to document Ruth First’s intellectual interventions while at the Centre of African Studies. Engaging with her work while she was in Mozambique and inserting her intellectual contributions, which like those of many African scholars have given way to debates from the global North, into our curriculum would perhaps be the real refutation of the assassin's bomb. This engagement is also crucial as it extends much further than the striking accolades which take the form of buildings and lectures established in her honour.
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Fairchild, Ennea A. "Women in Agriculture: Living in a "Man's World"." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7609.
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Despite women’s involvement in agriculture, their contributions have been overlooked in society. Women make up at least a third of those involved in agriculture as farmers, landowners, and in agricultural faculty positions. These numbers do not appear to be decreasing. Although there are several agricultural roles, this study focuses primarily on those women who own agricultural land, but do not farm the land themselves. Rather, these women rent it out to a farmer who operates the land for them (women nonoperating landowners or WNOLs, in short). Previous research suggests these women may be facing considerable barriers as an agricultural landowner and several gaps exist in research.
This dissertation contributes to this body of research through a series of three studies. I first begin by conducting an analysis of 361 photos posted on the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) website and social media to determine how they are representing women in agriculture. In terms of the numbers of women portrayed, who is the focus of the photograph, and if women are portrayed in an agricultural role, the findings reveal that women are severely underrepresented in comparison to males. The second study compiles a series of interviews with WNOLs to understand power dynamics in terms of decision-making between the woman landowner and her farm operator, or renter (as they are referred to in this study). The findings reveal three groups of women: those who are begrudgingly yielding their power to their renter; those who share power mutually; and those who refuse to yield power. Each of these groups of women reveal the many experiences facing WNOLs today. In the third study, interviews are conducted with WNOLs and agricultural agency women staff, both of whom have been involved in participating in a unique outreach method. This method helps provide women opportunities to increase their human, social, and cultural capital through engagement with one another and learning about various agricultural practices. Both groups of women are asked about the barriers they perceive WNOLs to be facing, along with what aspects of the outreach they feel are most beneficial in addressing these barriers. Results from this study suggest that women face considerable barriers to ownership, both from feeling they lack knowledge and with issues in their renter relationship. However, the outreach methods prove to be a powerful tool that help these women connect with one another and increase their knowledge about agricultural practices. Overall, these three studies help to advance the research on women in agriculture.
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Melin, Wenström Lisa. "Maternity Home and Education Center in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122577.
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There is a large indigence for more maternity homes in Mozambique. Pregnant women often have to walk long distances to get assistance giving birth. The conditions are hard to improve because of the shortage of educated staff. The maternity home and education center is a combined program for women in Maputo, Mozambique. The purpose for this is – apart from improving opportunities and help for pregnant women – to create a connection between education and practice so that the pupils can do their practice at the maternity home before working out in the country. The two instances are therefore closely integrated with each other. We want to develop a program that is also long-term giving, a kind of pay-forward-effect. The supposed consequence of the pay-forward effect is for graduated women to spread the knowledge to less educated midwifes in the countryside and at a long term improve health care for women.Det finns ett stort behov av fler mödravårdscentraler i Mocambique. Gravida kvinnor går oftast långa sträckor för att få hjälp att föda. Förhållandena är svåra att förbättra i avsaknad av utbildad personal. Mödravårdscentralen och barnmorskeutbildningen är ett kombinerat program för kvinnor i Maputo, Mocambique. Målet med vårt projekt är att hjälpa gravida kvinnor och att skapa ett utbyte mellan utbildning och praktik. Därför är programmen tätt integrerade med varandra. Programmet ska skapa insikt om graviditet, födsel, sexualitet, en slags ”pay-forward effect”. Verkningarna av ”pay-forward” är att utbildade kvinnor ska sprida kunskap till mindre utbildade barnmorskor på landsbygden och på lång sikt bidra till en bättre sjukvård för kvinnor.
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Warnimont, Emily. "Women Agvocates' Approaches to Using Instagram." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1557151318894675.
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Chichava, Marina. "Journeys to health : middle-class Mozambican women assess healthcare service delivery in Mozambique and South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10193.
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My thesis explores how Mozambican middle-class women perceive official local healthcare services in both their public and private dimensions, within their country, and why they sometimes travel abroad to South Africa in search of healthcare across a range of gynaecological services, ranging from basic procedures to more complex requirements. I trace the stories of fifteen women to convey their experiences and opinions of the Mozambican health system. I show the women negotiating their way through barriers and limitations within this system, in ways that point out its inadequacies and inefficiency. I investigate how searching for 'quality' healthcare, often abroad, is intertwined with middle-class women's crafting of identities that aspire to a certain demonstration of 'modernity' in which social status is claimed.
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Liepins, Ruth. ""Women in agriculture" : a geography of Australian agricultural activism /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000215.
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Matsinhe, Fernanda Ernestina. "Institutionalization of E-commerce in Women-led SMEs - A Least-developed Country Context." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29824.
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This dissertation reported an investigation of e-commerce institutionalization process in women-led SMEs in Mozambique. The goal was to understand how e-commerce is conceptualized by these SMEs while exploring the contextual factors that contribute or inhibit the process of institutionalization from the unique perspective of a least developed country (LDC) such as Mozambique. The study combined the perspectives offered by the contextualist theory (Pettigrew, 1985) and the Perceived E-readiness Model (PERM) (Molla & Licker, 2005a) to employ an integrated framework for investigating the process of e-commerce institutionalization. An interpretative and qualitative multiple case study approach was employed as a methodological basis, using six SMEs which have been able to institutionalize e-commerce. The data collection was conducted through multiple data sources including semi-structured interviews, analysis of company website, and social media platforms. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach across the cases. The findings indicate that there are different patterns of e-commerce institutionalization. SMEs do not always follow the traditional steady stages of e-commerce growth described in the literature. Furthermore, the results showed a socially constructed feature of e-commerce characterized by the extensive use of social media networks. A great levels of institutionalization and satisfaction was attained when enabling factors within and outside the organization interacted positively. Within the internal context of the organizations, the SMEs manager’s capability to use social media networks, e-mail and mobile phones to build innovative business models, create direct relationships with customers, and marketing direct to their niche markets. Factors from the external context emerged as the main challengers to the process of institutionalization, specifically the challenges faced by the government, market forces, supporting industries, and those of sociocultural nature. A number of important recommendations were made, for example, the government should not only provide the regulatory framework but also work actively in its promotion and implementation. This should encompass the establishment of networks and training opportunities to improve SMEs knowledge regarding e-commerce, and continuous partnership between the various stakeholders involved in the e-commerce ecosystem in addressing the various environmental challenges. By conducting an investigation on the selected women-led SMEs in Mozambique, this study has extended knowledge of e-commerce research in the country. Additionally, it is an important contribution for the debate about e-commerce in developing countries, specifically a better understanding of SMEs that go beyond the initial adoption phase.
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Holm, Camilla. "Maternity home and education center in Mozambique." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122563.
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There is a large indigence for more maternity homes in Mozambique. Pregnant women often have to walk long distances to get assistance giving birth. The conditions are hard to improve because of the shortage of educated staff. The maternity home and education center is a combined program for women in Maputo, Mozambique. The purpose for this is – apart from improving opportunities and help for pregnant women – to create a connection between education and practice so that the pupils can do their practice at the maternity home before working out in the country. The two instances are therefore closely integrated with each other. We want to develop a program that is also long-term giving, a kind of pay-forward effect. The supposed consequence of the pay-forward effect is for graduated women to spread the knowledge to less educated midwifes in the countryside and at a long term improve health care for women.Det finns ett stort behov av fler mödravårdscentraler i Mocambique. Gravida kvinnor går oftast långa sträckor för att få hjälp att föda. Förhållandena är svåra att förbättra i avsaknad av utbildad personal. Mödravårdscentralen och barnmorskeutbildningen är ett kombinerat program för kvinnor i Maputo, Mocambique. Målet med vårt projekt är att hjälpa gravida kvinnor och att skapa ett utbyte mellan utbildning och praktik. Därför är programmen tätt integrerade med varandra. Programmet ska skapa insikt om graviditet, födsel, sexualitet, en slags ”pay-forward effect”. Verkningarna av ”pay-forward” är att utbildade kvinnor ska sprida kunskap till mindre utbildade barnmorskor på landsbygden och på lång sikt bidra till en bättre sjukvård för kvinnor.
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Covane, Luis Antonio. "Migrant labour and agriculture in southern Mozambique with special reference to the lower Limpopo valley 1920-1992." Thesis, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481507.
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Nordhag, Maria, and Fabian Ilgner. "Territory and Function in Ribáuè : - A Study on Smallholder Agricultural Development." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-29233.
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This thesis investigates smallholder agricultural development in the district of Ribáuè, Mozambique. The thesis is guided by an analytical framework based on Friedmann’s concepts of territory and function. From this, one can tell that most development initiatives have followed functional principles which often fail to address rural development. The objective was, as such, to try to see how smallholders are affected by territorial and functional development principles and how meeting points between the two concepts could be established to promote empowering of agricultural smallholders. A field study was conducted in order to collect data through a multitude of semi-structured interviews, participation and observational studies. Most time was spent in the district of Ribáuè but visits were paid to the city of Nampula and Maputo. The result shows that there is a considerable degree of relativity concerning development initiatives aimed at rural areas. A particular initiative may, from the central level, be perceived as decentralizing and supporting of the rural community. But many initiatives end up concentrated around urban or semi-urban centers of the province or district. Thus, many remote areas are still excluded. Yet, there are ways to strengthen and empower local communities from a more bottom-up approach. Farmer associations, for instance, have the potential of empowering farmers in many ways beyond the financial aspect. The results also highlight the difficulties of prioritizing initiatives when on a strained budget in a society where most areas are in need of support.
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Taplin, Aisha Jane. "Coping strategies for social well-being and social development intervention : young women and unintended pregnancy in Mozambique." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/72364/.
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Using the concept of coping strategies, this thesis is essentially concerned with the way young women in Mozambique achieve social well-being during the life event of unintended pregnancy. Unintended pregnancy in Mozambique places significant strain on informal and formal relationships, educational access, economic stability and the maintenance of good health. It also has significant implications for young women’s roles, responsibilities and status within families and communities (CEDAW 2005). Twenty one qualitative semi-structured individual interviews were completed with young women (16-19 years old) who have recently had an unintended pregnancy, as well as eight focus groups using a vignette with young women (16–21 years old) from youth associations and fourteen individual interviews with key informants (those working in the area of sexual and reproductive health with youth and adolescents). From these three forms of rich data, the relationships young women have with others, the negotiations they engage in and the coping strategies they employ are illuminated. This research contributes to an increased understanding of unintended pregnancy and the ways young women respond and ‘cope’ with this life event (as a process) largely via different forms of social interaction. The chosen methodology was designed to elicit this type of knowledge drawing on different disciplinary interpretations of coping strategies. Although unintended or early pregnancy in young women has developed as a key social development concern in recent years (Hainsworth 2002; Mahy 2002; Westoff 2003; UNFPA 2007), this research indicates that policy strategists in Mozambique struggle to develop adequate and effective intervention in response. The narratives shared by young women, and the analysis developed through chapters four to seven builds a complex picture for intervention, as family relationships remain a major factor for social and economic well-being. The socially and culturally constructed nature and predominant location within families mean that macro strategies and community level intervention has limited impact during unintended pregnancy. Strengthening relational strategies (both formal and informal) through social development intervention is therefore necessary for young women to access social and organisational resources for coping and social well-being. By using the concept of coping strategies, the juxtaposition of ‘copers’ and ‘non-copers’, the relationship between agency and structure, the strategies employed at different levels, the significance of social interaction and coping as a process has been opened up to scrutiny. This thesis not only evaluates and critiques models of social development, but also argues that the concept of coping strategies can be usefully applied to inform social development in ways that address both individual and collective wellbeing.
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Shayo, Asha. "Socio-Cultural Practices That Impact Women Farmers' Land Ownership: A Case of Sukuma Women in Tanzania." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73160.
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In Tanzania women, farmers are main producers of agricultural food products, yet they don't have legal ownership of land. Customary practices often require women to access land through their husbands, fathers, brothers, or other men who control the land. Men as the heads of household, control everything including the type of crops to cultivate and the price. The fact that women farmers do not have legal ownership of land makes them vulnerable and decreases agricultural productivity. When women lose their connection to this male relative, either through death, divorce or migration, they can lose their land, home, and means of supporting themselves and their families.
In the Sukuma tribe, the subject of this case study, many women do not have knowledge about their rights. Instead, they believe what they are told by their elders according to their culture. In the Sukuma society men are the heads of the household and women have no say in any decision about any family matter. The Sukuma tribe are still very conservative and continue to practice harmful traditions that affect agricultural production and the economy.
This study used qualitative interviews, observations, note-taking and artifacts method to determine how cultural practices impact Sukuma women farmers land ownership. The findings show that large proportion of both men and women in the Sukuma society still lacks formal education, and is ignorant about their rights. Many believe in their subjective norms which are derived from beliefs about what their elders, traditional leaders, and ancestors (because these are the people they trust) say or think the person should do and the individual's motivation to comply with their wishes.
Recommendations are made to put emphasis on education both formal and informal for both women and men so as to understand human rights and to change their behavior and perceptions about women farmers' rights to resources. The Sukuma tribe has many clans with different cultural practices, therefore generalization should be made very carefully. More research should be conducted to identify the differences for easy planning and implementing land programs and strategies in Sukuma communities and Tanzania as a whole.Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Lloydlangston, Amber. ""Seminal women": Women in science in the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture, 1884 to 1921." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6259.
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As historian Marianne Ainley maintains in the introduction to Despite the Odds: Essays on Canadian Women in Science, the way in which science is practised and institutionalized has an impact upon the careers of men and women. The purpose of this thesis then is to determine the type of science, and the ways of practising it, employed within the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture. What conscious and subconscious factors influenced the scientific and methodological choices of the leaders of the Department? How did this, in turn, influence the opportunities of women to become involved in science in the years 1884 to 1921? The thesis argues that the professionalization and bureaucratization of science in the Department of Agriculture created distinct opportunities for such involvement, but it also confined them to specific jobs deemed appropriate for their sex. Because the science that was first undertaken in the Department beginning in 1884 emerged from the natural history tradition, women first contributed as unpaid "amateur" observers, collectors, and correspondents. As science professionalized and bureaucratized in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, however, the contributions of unpaid "amateurs" were no longer desired or needed. At this juncture, women were employed as paid assistants and members of the support staff As civil servants, women entered an organization that was undergoing a process of reform and bureaucratizing. As a result, women were subjected to hierarchical and lateral segregation. Women's employment in science in the federal Department of Agriculture followed this pattern. Employed to undertake technical work in seed analysis and scientific work in botany, chemistry, and librarianship in the Department, women were confined to 'women's work' in science. They performed tasks which were undervalued, underpaid, and offered little or no opportunity for advancement, and were, therefore, rejected by men. Over the almost forty year period covered in this thesis, in both peace and war, the work of women followed this pattern. Satisfying the demands generated by the professionalization and bureaucratization of science as well as the reform and bureaucratization of the federal civil service, women were a pivotal part of the scientific workforce of the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture from 1884 to 1921.
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Tame, Faith Jabulile Nomfundiso. "Women and co-operatives." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20615.
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In this study, “Women and Cooperatives”, the researcher was interested in finding out whether women cooperatives contributed towards development of women and poverty reduction in Sarah Baartman District Municipality between 2004 and 2014. The study was conducted with three cooperatives situated in Makana Local Municipality, Sarah Baartman District Municipality and Eastern Cape Province. The cooperatives studied focused on sewing, poultry and agriculture. The study was explorative in nature as it was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of women cooperatives in empowering women, the effectiveness of women cooperatives in reducing poverty and to make recommendations regarding what can be done to address the challenges identified in the study. The qualitative research method was applied when conducting this study. Eight respondents from each cooperative were willing to take part and this led to a total of twenty-four respondents who participated. The questions asked were based on the interview schedule developed by the researcher. The results of the study and the recommendations indicated that more commitment from the government is required and the following key aspects should be taken into account when considering a development program: Infrastructure, Availability of funding, Access to resources, Skills development, Provision of basic services.
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Provost, Ruth A. "An analysis of the construct of role overload in farmwomen." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Pettersson, Karen Odberg. "Challenges and constraints encountered by women and midwives during childbirth in low-income countries : experiences from Angola and Mozambique /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-822-X.
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Odberg, Pettersson Karen. "Challenges and constraints encountered by women and midwives during childbirth in low-income countries : experiences from Angola and Mozambique." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-466.
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This thesis aimed to study the actual and perceived quality of midwifery practices during childbirth at peripheral and central health care levels in two low-income countries, Angola (I-III) and Mozambique (IV-V). Theoretical models interpreting women's and midwives' views have been developed. Objectives: Study I evaluates midwives' use of an adapted model of the World Health Organization's partograph, a tool used to monitor the progress of labour. Study II describes midwives experiences of working without immediate medical assistance. Study III explores women's perceptions of care-seeking behaviour during childbirth. Study IV observes perinatal midwifery care routines and examine partograph documentation. Study V explores and develops a theoretical understanding of factors perceived to obstruct or facilitate midwives ability to provide quality of perinatal care. Methods: Study I: A one-group pre-and post-test interventional evaluation of 100 partographs from one peripheral delivery unit. Study II: Semi structured interviews with eleven midwives, analysed in a qualitative process comprising six steps. Study III. Ten focus group discussions with pregnant and non-pregnant women, analysed using the grounded theory technique. Study IV. Pre-and post intervention observation of midwifery care of 702 vs. 616 women during delivery and examination of the partographs. Study V: In-depth interviews with 16 midwives, analysed using grounded theory technique. Educational interventions were designed and applied in study II and IV. Results: Study I. Significant improvement of documenting was found in seven of the ten variables and more partographs were correctly documented in sample II compared to sample I. Missed transfers increased, however, in sample II. Study II: The midwives experiences were sorted under four main areas: (1) Society/culture (2) Significant Others (3) Personal Self (4) Professional Self. Confidence was felt in the role as autonomous midwives but dependency on various factors such as the partograph, a functional referral system, peer support, community trust and continuous supervision was emphasised. Socio-economic hardships were identified as major stress factors for themselves and the women. Study III: Women seemed compelled to "mould" their care seeking behaviour and four patterns, two 'avoiding' and two 'approaching' institutional care were identified. The salient features of each pattern were found to be "personal courage", [B1]"disempowerment", "discarding traditional practices" and "awareness and emancipation". Study IV. No improvements were found in quality of care following the intervention. Common problems proved to be hypothermia and rare initiation of the graphic part of the partograph, which monitors progress of labour. Study V. A process labelled "changing perinatal care management" emerged, which comprised four dimensions addressing aspects related to i) existing environment ii) midwives' interaction with women in labour, iii) midwifery profession and iv) caring technology in order to improve quality of care. Communication and collaboration were identified as change agents. Conclusions: The findings in this thesis indicate that midwives' ability to provide quality of maternal and perinatal care in lowincome and post-war affected countries is restricted by organizational, structural, educational as well as attitudinal aspects. Women in need of assistance during childbirth are negatively affected as a consequence of midwives reaction to the various constraints, which at times (Luanda) seems to oblige adverse care seeking behaviour. Midwives recognises the need for change, but change is found to be a slow and complex process, which requires engagement by all levels of the care chain. A model suggesting how to achieve quality of maternal and perinatal care in Safe Motherhood context is presented.
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Fitwi, Biniam Samuel. "Determination of salinity tolerance limits of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus, for use in tuna line fishery." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53355.
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Assignment (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Many species of tilapia such as Oreochromis mossambicus are euryhaline, able to adapt to different salinity waters. Their ability to withstand high salinity levels has given rise to the possibility of using tilapia as baitfish for tuna line fishery. The purpose of the study was to determine the survival rate of tilapia O. mossambicus during direct transfer from freshwater to the salinity levels of 0, 15, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, and 35 ppt. The data was analysed through means of univariate ANOVAand regression analysis. O. mossambicus showed no mortality to all salinity regimes up to 25 ppt. Mortality was observed at 27.5 ppt, with 100% mortality at 35 ppt. LC 50 and LC 90 were found to be 30.5 and 34.2 ppt, respectively. The results indicate that tilapia (0. mossambicus) will survive a direct transfer to salinities up to 25 ppt. acclimation will be required in the event of transfer to salinity levels above 25 ppt, in order to prevent significant levels of mortalities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Meeste van die tilapia spesies soos Oreochremis mossambicus het die vermoë om by water van verskillende soutgehaltes aantepas. Dit is hierdie vermoë om hoë sout vlakke te weerstaan wat die moontlikheid vir gebruik as lewende aas in die tuna langlyn visvangbedryf moontlik maak. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die oorlewingsvlak van tilapia, O. mossambicus te bepaal by die oorplasing van varswater direk na soutwater by vlakke van 0, 15, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, en 35 dele per duisend. Die data is verwerk deur gebruik te maak van eenvariant ANOVAen regressie analises. O. mossambicus het geen mortaliteite tot gevolg gehad by al die oorplasings van vlakke tot en met 25 dele per duisend sout nie. Mortaliteite is wel gevind vanaf 27.5 dele per duisend, met 100 % mortaliteite by 35 dele per duisend. LC 50 en LC90 was gewees 30.5 en 34.2 dele per duisend onderskeidelik. Die resultate toon aan dat tilapia (0. mossambicus) sal oorleef by direkte oorplasing na soutwater by vlakke van tot en met 25 dele per duisend. Tilapia wat na hoër vlakke as 25 dele per duisend oorgeplaas wil word, sal eers geleidelik moet akklimatiseer om mortaliteite te beperk.
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Yacelga, Calderón Elva Susana. "Conocimientos, actitudes y practicas sobre costumbres y creencias alimentarias de madres de niños menores de cinco años, madres lactantes y embarazadas, en tres comunidades rurales de las etnias: negra, mestiza e indigena de la provincia de Imbabura 1998-1999 /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2000. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/Benson,4178.
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Buyambo, Ntombentsha. "An enabling environment for women agri-entrepreneurs in the Tsitsikama area." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1013755.
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Agriculture plays an important role in the economy of every nation. Most countries depend on agriculture and other industries to survive. Economies around the world experience difficulties. There are many countries that have the potential to stimulate their economic growth through agriculture. The untapped resources have the potential of providing food, jobs and increased financial stability. Many countries utilise their agricultural sector to grow their economy. The growth of unemployment in South Africa has a big impact on our economy. This has caused an increase in poverty and unemployment (Ukpere & Slabbert, 2009). Women’s role in agriculture and food security is critical, but there is still lack of visibility regarding their participation and contribution in agriculture and development in general. This has led to two forms of agriculture in South Africa; so-called subsistence farming in the communal areas and white commercial farming (Kwa, 2001). Most emerging farmers are on communal land where they share decisions and ownership is unsecured, which discourages investment and limits productivity (Farmer's weekly, 2012). The main objective of the research was to determine if the women in the Tsitsikamma (Eastern Cape, South Africa), area have knowledge and strategies to manage their agribusiness in order to create an enabling environment and be competitive in their farming businesses. The qualitative method was used to answer questions in order to understand people’s perceptions, perspectives and understanding of particular situations. It is based on the belief that the researcher’s ability to interpret and make sense of what he or she sees is critical for an understanding of any social phenomenon. In seeking to create an enabling environment, a qualitative analysis investigated this particular situation. The sample consisted of 25 out of a possible 30 women in the agriculture industry. A structured questionnaire was used and interviews were conducted with women involved in agriculture regardless of owning a farm. This study was based in the farming industry, particular farm women who are interested or involved in agribusiness in the Tsitsikamma region. The results of the questionnaire revealed key findings, which enabled the researcher to draw meaningful conclusions and recommendations. The findings have suggested that the women farmers can overcome the identified constraints affecting the opportunities to grow their farming businesses. Further empirical results indicated that they do not have any strategies in running their farming businesses. The study also highlights areas in agribusiness that should be improved.
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Murphy, Carol (Carol Anne) 1961. "Gender constraints to increased agricultural production faced by rural women in KwaZulu." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15959.
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Bibliography: pages 116-124.It is well known that women are constrained by their gender role, which is imposed on them by the gender relations they experience. This role allocates them the direct responsibility for maintenance of the household and subjects them to patriarchal relations of male domination and female subordination. There is little understanding, however, of how gender-specific constraints operate. This study records the gender-specific constraints affecting the lives of black, rural women in a homeland in South Africa (KwaZulu). An analysis is given of the extent to which these gender-specific constraints affect the agricultural productivity of these women. An integrated methodology, combining elements of qualitative observations, key-informant interviews and quantitative surveys was used to identify gender-based constraints to agricultural production experienced by rural women in the study area (the Nhlangwini Ward, Umzumbe District, southern KwaZulu). This information revealed that the lives of women in the Nhlangwini Ward are severely affected by gender-specific constraints that arise out of: their involvement in various activities that constitute their multiple work role (survival tasks, household tasks and different resources (land, income generation); their access to capital and training) and their perception of their gender role and the patriarchal relations they experience. Women in the ward adapt to these constraints by: using child labour and hired labour to assist them in conducting survival tasks and household tasks; allocating some shopping (for clothes) to male household members who have greater access to urban centres; membership of community gardens to gain access to arable land and agricultural expertise; hiring private arable land for farming and adopting poultry farming as a favoured agricultural activity. Recommendations are made for types of projects and policy changes that could work to overcome these constraints and the broader subordination of women in rural areas. As gender and rural development is a pioneering research field in South Africa, more research of this type is urgently required because at present the development process takes little cognisance of gender issues.
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Stone, Margaret Priscilla. "Women, work and marriage: A restudy of the Nigerian Kofyar." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184499.
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Most scholars of female farmers of sub-Saharan Africa have come to agree that the transition from subsistence to market agriculture has hurt women's independent agricultural enterprises and incomes. Research conducted among a group of farmers known as the Kofyar of central Nigeria provides a case study which runs counter to this general consensus. Kofyar women have not suffered a loss of economic or social independence with the introduction of cash-cropping but have in fact embraced the new opportunities of the markets to produce crops for sale independently of their households. The Kofyar farming system as a whole is outlined, and the system of independent production is described within this context. The recent history of the Kofyar is sketched including, most importantly, their migration into an agricultural frontier, the adoption of yams as the primary cash crop, and the evolution of a complex set of mechanisms for mobilizing labor. The role of women in the cooperative labor network and in household labor is described and women's important contributions to all types of labor are linked to their access to labor for their own independent production. One of the basic arguments is that Kofyar women are prospering relative to other African women because their labor has been so crucial to the agriculture of the Kofyar both before and since the introduction of cash-cropping. The other basic argument for Kofyar women's relative success is that they are successfully exploiting the flexibility inherent in their farming system to maximize their own production. The use of intensive techniques such as intercropping and taking advantage of the flexibility in the timing of certain agricultural tasks on their major crops of groundnuts and yams are examples of this strategy. Women have, in other words, evolved a system of independent production which fits around rather than competes directly with male/household farming. The dissertation goes on to place women's independent farming within the broader social system by analyzing differences between women in marriage and childbearing statuses and histories. Regular differences in magnitude of independent production are found between women with contrasting social characteristics (e.g. age, marital status, divorce history, numbers of children). The portrait of the most prosperous woman is sketched. Kofyar women's activities are seen as an essential part of Kofyar development. The system in general has become more prosperous and women as important contributors to that prosperity are also benefiting as individuals from these changes.
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Renfrow, Crystal. "Retooling the Industry Sizing Standard: Finding the "Perfect Fit" for Older Women." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622326.
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Halpern, Monda M. "But on the farm-- feminism means something else, Ontario farm women and feminism, 1900-1970." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22463.pdf.
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McGinley, Susan. ""Healthy Weight 4 Life": Research Program Helps Women Drop Pounds, Change Their Lives." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622245.
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Ahmed, Mohamed Abdulkadir. "Land issues and their implications for the development of peri-urban agriculture, the case of Maputo peri-urban Green Zones, Mozambique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/MQ43131.pdf.
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Wirtén, Amanda. "Attitudes towards women in agriculture : A case study of Nepali news media." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275660.
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Morupisi, Joseph. "Women farmers' representation in Botswana Agrinews Magazine." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6567.
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The Government of Botswana recognises the important role that women can play in the economic development of the country, particularly in the agricultural sector, with respect to food security at both household and national levels. The study sought to investigate how women in agriculture are represented in the Botswana Agrinews Magazine. Moreover, it sought to establish whether, and how, messages conveyed to audience by the Botswana Agrinews Magazine promote any type of social or economic interaction between farming communities, individuals and/or government and other stakeholders. The sources of data were the articles that reported on women farmers from the sample of the Botswana Agrinews Magazine, over 24 months, that is, from January 2012 to December 2013. This magazine under study is a government publication targeting the broad Botswana farming community. Critical discourse analysis revealed that women farmers participated in events associated with commercial horticultural farming, dry land farming (field crop production), in the arable farming sector, at Consumer Fairs and Regional Agricultural shows for Commercial Farmers respectively, as well as in pastoral farming sector events at Agricultural shows. They also participated in the arable farming sector agricultural activities for commercial horticultural farmers and those for subsistence dry land farming. Furthermore, the results revealed that women farmers encountered constraints in the different ventures, they undertook in both arable and pastoral farming. However, the reports showed that they received support from the government and/or other stakeholders to counteract their constraints. Furthermore, the analysis identified the coverage on the themes of (1) arable farming, (2) pastoral farming, (3) integrated farming, and (4) attitudes of both women in agriculture and Ministry of Agriculture workers, which promoted women farmers’ participation in the agricultural sector.
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Enríquez, Vásquez Marcela. "The illusion of getting a job women's work on flower plantations (a case from Ecuador) /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0009405.
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Kapungu, Sheila T. "A study of rural women farmers' access to markets in Chirumanzu." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80238.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigated the issues that rural smallholder women face in accessing markets in developing countries. Market access for rural smallholder farmers is increasingly being promoted as a means towards catalysing sustainable rural development. However, without addressing the gender specific issues that rural smallholder women farmers face in accessing markets, market access as a strategy towards sustainable rural development may fail to achieve its ends. This thesis gathered evidence from a group of smallholder women farmers in Chirumanzu, Zimbabwe, who are part of a market access project run by Oxfam, in order to highlight the issues that they face in accessing markets for their produce. Primary and secondary data were used in the study. First, a literature review was conducted to assess the issues that smallholder rural women farmers in developing countries face in accessing markets and how the issues differ to those faced by male smallholder farmers. A thematic assessment of the issues was conducted, beginning with the production for market through to the actual market engagement. Secondly, primary data was collected in Chirumanzu, from rural smallholder women farmers who are participating in a market access project being facilitated by Oxfam. Data was collected through focus group discussions, key informant interviews and document review. Five focus group discussions were held with a total of 40 participants in August 2011. Some of the key findings were that rural smallholder women farmers face challenges in terms of meeting the labour demanded for market production, accessing market information and having to contend with high transport costs. The data was then compared with the points raised in the literature review. The comparison showed that most of the key issues raised in the Chirumanzu case study were similar to those identified in the literature review. The study came to the conclusion that rural smallholder women farmers face different issues and more challenges in accessing markets compared to male farmers. Market access initiatives that do not recognise and address the gender specific challenges that women smallholder farmers face may therefore not be catalysts for sustainable rural development. Therefore recommendations are that market access initiatives should go beyond facilitating access to markets to address the structural social, economic and cultural issues that present special challenges and constraints to women smallholder farmers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis het ondersoek ingestel na die kwessies waarvoor landelike vrouekleinboere in ontwikkelende lande te staan kom om toegang tot markte te verkry. Marktoegang vir landelike kleinboere word toenemend aangemoedig as ’n manier om volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling teweeg te bring. Indien die geslagspesifieke kwessies van marktoegang waarmee landelike vrouekleinboere te kampe het egter nié hanteer word nie, kan marktoegang as strategie vir volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling in gebreke bly om sy doel te bereik. Hierdie tesis het bewyse ingesamel van ’n groep vrouekleinboere in Chirumanzu, Zimbabwe, wat deel is van ’n marktoegangsprojek deur Oxfam, ten einde die soeklig te werp op die uitdagings wat hulle ervaar om marktoegang vir hul produkte te bekom. Die studie het van primêre sowel as sekondêre data gebruik gemaak. Eerstens is ’n literatuuroorsig onderneem om te verken watter probleme landelike vrouekleinboere in ontwikkelende lande ondervind om marktoegang te verkry, en hoe dit verskil van die uitdagings waarvoor hul manlike eweknieë te staan kom. Die kwessies is tematies beoordeel en het gestrek van markgerigte produksie tot en met werklike markskakeling. Tweedens is primêre data ingesamel onder landelike vrouekleinboere in Chirumanzu wat aan ’n marktoegangsprojek deur Oxfam deelneem. Data is deur middel van fokusgroepbesprekings, onderhoude met sleutelinformante sowel as ’n dokumentoorsig bekom. Vyf fokusgroepbesprekings is in Augustus 2011 met altesaam 40 deelnemers gehou. Van die belangrikste bevindinge was dat landelike vrouekleinboere bepaald uitdagings ervaar wat betref die vereiste arbeid vir markgerigte produksie, toegang tot markinligting sowel as hoë vervoerkoste. Daarná is die data met die hoofpunte uit die literatuuroorsig vergelyk. Die vergelyking toon dat die meeste van die kernbevindinge in die Chirumanzu-gevallestudie met die bevindinge in die literatuuroorsig ooreenstem. Die studie kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat landelike vrouekleinboere voor andersoortige kwessies en meer uitdagings as hul manlike eweknieë te staan kom ten einde marktoegang te verkry. Marktoegangsinisiatiewe wat nié hierdie geslagspesifieke uitdagings van vrouekleinboere erken en hanteer nie, kan dus in gebreke bly om waarlik volhoubare landelike ontwikkeling teweeg te bring. Daarom beveel die studie aan dat marktoegangsinisiatiewe oor méér as die blote fasilitering van marktoegang handel, en ook aandag skenk aan die strukturele maatskaplike, ekonomiese en kulturele kwessies wat besondere uitdagings en beperkings vir vrouekleinboere inhou
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Peoples, Susan J., and n/a. "Farm women : diverse encounters with discourse and agency." University of Otago. Department of Geography, 2007. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20071127.160311.
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This thesis contributes to the established literature on farm women within the context of family farming. It recognises that not enough is yet known about the discourses and agency which influence their lives. Consequently, this study has sought to establish what dominant discourses shape the lives of farm women, their responses to these discourses and how their discursive positioning influences their agency.
This study employed a qualitative case study approach involving interviews with a diverse mixture of independent farm women, along with women farming in marital relationships. This thesis engages these narratives to showcase the colourful, complex life-experiences of farm women. In addition, and where present, women�s partners were interviewed to provide male farmers� perspectives about women in family farming.
This research has found that women�s lives are shaped by positioning and contextualising discourses, with which they comply to ensure that the family farm survives. Their subservient discursive positioning limits the agency they can express, although they are able to mobilise indirect agency through supporting their partner; an implicit form of agency which has previously been unrecognised or understated.
Cumulatively, this thesis highlights the need to recognise the diversity of farm women, and how they are able to exercise agency from their constrained subject positions within the family farming context. Furthermore it emphasises that agency is a dynamic, and far more varied concept than previously understood.
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Seuane, Sonia Marisa James. "Finding new coping mechanisms: the impact of HIV and AIDS on women's access to land in Mozambique." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2767.
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Masters of ArtIn this full thesis, I explore the impact that HIV and AIDS pandemic is having in the livelihood strategies of rural women in Mozambique. My intention in this work is to highlight the navigation of Mozambican women through this harsh era. I establish a discussion about land as major asset in a poor and mainly agricultural country like Mozambique. And the fact that many scholars and policy makers are concerned about the escalating number of young widows that have had their land and other assets expropriated after the deaths of their husbands, mainly due to the HIV and AIDS pandemic. The convergence of the colonization process, the civil war (that took over 16 years in Mozambique) and the modernization/development process have been systematically trapping women in the interface between traditional and modern social organization. Now, with the spread of HIV and AIDS, young women and children whose only source of subsistence is their land have been losing their traditional rights, and they face the cultural changes brought about by a new social order that does not support them and their children after the death of a husband or father.
South Africa
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Shokane, Zolisa Amanda. "The development of women in the National Department of Agriculture DoA of South Africa a case study approach /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06292009-131825/.
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Johansson, Karin. "Tiyeseko : A Study on Small-Scale Farming Women in Sustainable Agriculture in Zambia." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-355.
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The purpose of this study is to understand what impact courses in sustainable agriculture have had on small-scale farming women in Zambia, who have started using alternative techniques in their farming. Weather conditions, political issues and other circumstances in Zambia have made it difficult for people to grow enough crops to feed their families and gain extra money alternative methods are being promoted by organisations at all institutional levels, in order for people to survive. At Kasisi Agricultural Training Centre, east of the capital, Lusaka, sustainable methods in farming practices are taught to small-scale farmers. It is a qualitative study, accomplished within the field of Human Geography, and the theoretical frameworks that have been used are political ecology of sustainability, low-external input in sustainable agriculture, and gender and development. The qualitative methods used are in accordance to Rapid Rural Appraisal, where small-scale farming women have been interviewed on a semi-structural basis. Additionally, secondary data in the form of literature has been gathered and direct observations have been made in the field. Results show that the courses in sustainable agriculture have had an impact on the lives of participating small-scale farming women and that they are able to spread their knowledge to neighbouring small-scale farmers. It also shows that politics has a major influence on the daily life of the women.
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Agho, Njenyuei Gideon. "Urban agriculture for sustainable livelihood : a case study of migrants' women in Johannesburg." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020980.
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This research examines how urban agriculture contributes to the sustainable livelihood of migrants’ women living in the inner city of Johannesburg. The study focuses on the Cameroonian women community living in Turffontein. It explores the significant process of migration into the Republic of South Africa and the inspiration behind the choice of urban agriculture in the inner city of Johannesburg by women. The research report assesses the impact of urban agriculture on sustainable livelihood in the life of Cameroonian women living in Turffontein. It also examines the constraints encountered by these Cameroonians women in Turffontein in the practice of urban agriculture for sustainable livelihood. The findings of this study reveal that urban agriculture is used as a strategy for sustainable livelihood to a lot of Cameroonian migrants’ women living in Turffontein. The study has also shown how through urban agriculture these migrants’ women have been able to raise substantial income to support their respective families both in South Africa and in Cameroon. The study is based on a purposeful sample of Cameroonian migrants’ women living in the inner city of Johannesburg practicing urban agriculture. It uses a mixed method of approach with a transect walk to the area where this women practice the urban agriculture. It also included an in-depth face to face interactive interview and written sources such as journals, books and research reports where combined to gather relevant data. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data.
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Bertsch, Robert. "The Effect of Relationship-building Programs on the Resilience of Women in Agriculture." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31819.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between participation in relationship-building programs and online social groups, and the individual resilience of women in agriculture in the United States. Women have demonstrated a unique ability to connect farms and ranches with social resources, drive change and adaptation in agriculture, facilitate farm and ranch succession, and build community after a disaster. The capacity of agriculture and rural communities to adapt in the face of significant adversity depends on those unique abilities. Improving the resilience in women in agriculture is critical to the overall resilience of rural America. Unfortunately, most resilience interventions focus on internal psychology and do not address external, social-ecological factors for resilience. The results of this study show participation in certain relationship-building programs is associated with a significant increase in the level of some external resilience factors among women in agriculture in the U.S.
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Tauatsoala, Mahlola Michael. "The economic impact of agricultural co-operatives on women in the rural areas of Polokwane Municipality." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/500.
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Thesis (M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2011The introduction and establishment of co-operatives by the State was for purposes of fighting and alleviating poverty through creating jobs, particularly in the rural areas,which were mostly neglected by the previous apartheid State. In order to deal with these social ills and malady, the new democratic government introduced cooperatives to mitigate these challenges. These good intensions are often countered by lack of commitment by State officials and reluctance from other institutions to assist co-operatives to be catalysts in fighting poverty and unemployment in South Africa, despite their noble intentions. In other developed countries, co-operatives are given serious attention, not only because they are catalysts in poverty alleviation, but because they can make huge economic interventions with regard to economic growth and economic development. The intention of this study was to make an assessment of whether or not agricultural co-operatives have any economic impact on women in the rural areas of Polokwane Municipality, since their inception as entities for local economic development. The study also assesses whether or not the State supports these entities in a variety of forms. For this purpose, four co-operatives have been used as a Case Study,namely, Mashashane Agricultural Co-operative at Ga-Mashashane; Phegelelo Agricultural Co-operative at Ga-Thaba village; Mothiba Agricultural Co-operative at Ga-Mothiba; and Itireleng Agricultural Co-operative at Matamanyane village in Moletjie