Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Women immigrants – Canada – Social conditions'
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Harris, Courtney. "Irish women in mid-nineteenth century Toronto, image and experience." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ47330.pdf.
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Nair, Roopa. "Renegotiating home and identity : experiences of Gujarati immigrant women in suburban Montréal." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20453.
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This study examines the meaning of home for 19 Hindu Gujarati immigrant women living in the Montreal suburban municipality of Dollard-des-Ormeaux. Adopting a qualitative approach, this study redefines home as a multiple and dynamic concept, referring not only to the house but also the homeland, neighbourhood, cultural community and even the abstract feeling of belonging or being 'at home.' While this study concentrates on the women's present homes and neighbourhoods, the idea of the home as being reinvented across a variety of spaces and social relationships is a central theme. Home-making is argued to be an evolving social process that begins in the childhood and marital homes in India and continues with the transition into new homes in Montreal. The house and home spaces (the neighbourhood and cultural community) are sites where multiple dimensions of the women's identities are given a voice and reinvented. The women define the character of the home spaces, and also negotiate culture, ethnicity and identity within them. Through the construction of hybrid cultural identities, the women are able to make themselves and their families 'at home' between cultures. This study points to complex and sometimes paradoxical meanings of home, and emphasizes the significance of the suburban, rather than inner city, quality of home-making and adaptation processes among immigrant women in Montreal.
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Duder, Karen. "Spreading depths: lesbian and bisexual women in English Canada, 1910-1965." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3218.
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Most women who desired women in the period 1910-1965 did not have the identity categories “lesbian” and “bisexual” available to them. Even in this linguistic vacuum, however, many were able to explore same-sex relationships, to engage in physical sexual activity with women, and even to form community on the basis of same-sex desire and behaviour. How were they able to understand themselves in relation to the homophobic world in which they lived?
This dissertation examines the lives of lesbians and bisexual women in English Canada between 1910 and 1965, focusing particularly on the formation of subjectivity in relation to same-sex desires, relationships with partners and families of origin, sexual practices, and community. An analysis of oral testimonies, of journals, and of love letters shows that particular life events—the first awareness of same-sex attraction, physical exploration of that attraction, the finding of a language with which to describe same-sex desires and relationships, the first important same-sex relationship, and the finding of community—served as turning points in the formation of subjectivity. The story of that journey was later expressed as a linear and essentialist “coming out” narrative in which the individual triumphed over homophobia and ignorance and discovered her true self. That narrative structure is both understandable in the context of essentialist definitions of sexual orientation and a politically necessary one, given the need for a single identity category under which to campaign for legal and social recognition.
The two dominant formulations of same-sex relationships between women before 1965—the “romantic friendship” and the “butch-femme relationship”— have obscured and made culturally unintelligible the lives of lower middle-class lesbians and bisexual women who were neither politically active nor fighting publicly for urban lesbian space. This dissertation analyses the lives of this neglected group of women and argues that their subjectivities were constructed not only in relation to sexual attraction, but also in relation to class. Middle-class ideas of respectability and an antagonism to bar culture resulted in the formation of class-specific lesbian subjectivities.
This dissertation also suggests that women in same-sex relationships before the allegedly more liberal decades of the late twentieth century may actually have had slightly better relationships with families of origin than would later be the case. Greater adherence to notions of duty and obligation, fewer economic opportunities enabling women to live independently of family, the lack of a publicly available discourse of pathology with which families could define and reject their wayward daughters, and the lack of later notions of “alternative” lesbian families and community meant that many remained rather closer to their families than would lesbians after 1965.
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Mejia, Angie Pamela. "Las Pioneras : New Immigrant Destinations and the Gendered Experiences of Latina Immigrants." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1910.
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Are experiences with migration affecting culturally specific gendered practices, roles, attitudes, and ideologies of Mexican women and men? Which experiences reinforce patriarchy? Which experiences transform patriarchy? This thesis proposes that Mexican immigrant women will subscribe to and enact different gendered behaviors depending upon their perception of gendered gains. Various factors, such as time of arrival, previous experiences with negative machismos, and workforce participation affect how they construct gendered identities. The context where bargaining occurs-whether itwas the home, the community, or the workplace - inform women of what strategies they need implement in order to negotiate with patriarchy. This study employs two models, Deniz Kandiyoti's concept of the patriarchal bargain and Sylvya Walby' s theoretical position of patriarchy fomenting unique gender inequalities within different contexts, to process the different ways Mexican immigrant women perceive and perform gender.
The author analyzed data collected from participant observation activities, focus groups, and interviews with women of Mexican descent living in new immigrant destinations. Mexican immigrant women's narratives of negotiations and transformations with male partners indicated equal adherence of traditional and nontraditional gendered behaviors in order to build satisfactory patriarchal bargains. In addition, data suggested that identity formation was the outcome of migratory influences; it also indicated that progressive ideas about gender were salient before migrating to the U.S .. Findings also suggested that reassured masculine identities, due to the stable work options open to Mexican immigrant males in this area, became a factor in the emergence and adherence of distinct gendered attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions by women in this study.
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Gonick, Marnina K. "Working from home : women, work and family." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63862.
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Gupta, Meenakshi 1970. "Mothers' involvement in their children's education : a comparative study of mothers from Canada, India and Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36946.
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This cross-cultural inquiry focuses on the involvement of mothers in their children's education and the ways in which motherhood impacts the personal identities of mothers. The Second-wave feminism started thirty years ago and questioned the role and position of mothers in society. The objective of this movement was to free women from the exclusive responsibility of childcare. However, three decades later women are still the primary caregivers for their children. The study involves 36 middle-class mothers, 12 each from Canada, India and Mexico. Irrespective of their cultural backgrounds, these mothers participated actively in the domestic work related to childcare and in their children's schoolwork. Participants in this study expressed their views about intensive mothering and how they sought their personal identities from the work of mothering. The majority regarded motherhood as a unique and rewarding role, and wished to continue mothering despite the frustrations and stresses they experienced. The findings concerning the childcare strategies of mothers from Canada, India and Mexico highlight some cultural differences. These cultural differences also had an impact on how these mothers perceived their roles and identities.
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Ojong, Vivian Besem A. "The study of independent African migrant women in KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) : their lives and work experiences." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/934.
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A research project submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2002.African migration to South Africa is not a recent phenomenon bu in recent history, dates back to about one hundred and fifty years when African men migrated from some southern African countries to work in the South African mines. During this period however, the apartheid regime restricted African entry into the labour market of South Africa to contract mine workers, who were obviously men. Due to the abolition of apartheid. African migration to South Africa now has a gender profile. SkPIed, professional and businesswomen of African origin are now migrating independently to South Africa. This new face oftAfrican migration is transforming South African society and culture. African women from other countries have migrated to South Africa with parts of their cultures (their dresses and their food). In South Africa, these women have acquired both positive and negative identities. The negative identities expose them to discrimination in South Africa. On the other hand, the positively acquired identities nave given the women economic independence in their families and an occupational identity in their professions. In their attempt to adjust to life in South Africa, African migrant women encounter difficulties as a result of the restrictionist immigration policy of South Africa. These women are not happy with such a policy which is based solely on economic considerations. African women claim that they struggled alongside South Africans to bring apartheid to an end and were promised by the ANC-in-exilc that they were going to be welcome in an apartheid- free South Africa. These women claim that Iliey are here to make a contribution, which is clearly portrayed by their occupational experiences. This study portrays the fact that African migrant women arc impacting on South African society and are being impacted by it as well. As tempting as it is. it would be a mistake by the South African government to dismiss the current contribution made by these women both in the formal and informal sector of the South African economy. Coining from other African countries which have been plagued with political turmoil, degrading poverty and worsening of peoples living conditions (especially with the consequences of the implementation of the structural adjustment programs), migrant women have learnt to use their initiative, especially in the area of small businesses. This has enabled the women to transform their financial situations in their families. Diverse strategies have been utilised in this transformation; the inherent but powerful social networks which aided in relocating to new or particular areas in South Africa, financial and social support from their "fictive kin" system. As a "modus operandi" for Ghanaian migrant women hairdressers, country men/wo men are employed from Ghana and brought to South Africa to work in their hair salons. Since South Africans believe that Ghanaians are the best hairdressers, the migrant women have decided to employ as many Ghanaians in their salons as possible, to keep their businesses busy even in their absence. Some of the migrant women have opened food shops where indigenous West African foods are sold to the migrant population. These shops are placed in strategic places, like in central Durban which is accessible to all living in KwaZufu-Natal. In the formal sector, most of (lie migrant women were among tlic first black women lo occupy certain positions, which were previously occupied by white South Africans. Positions such as supervisors in catering departments in Iiospitals. lecturers and head of departments at some universities are examples of the empowering contribution of migrant women to South African society. These women's lives have also been impacted by South African society, especially in the apartheid era. Considering the precarious conditions under which mizrant women from Zambia lived in KwaZulu-Natal in the apartheid era (they were considered as spies because Zambia hosted some of the A.N.C-in-exile and I.F.P dominated this area), it was in their best interest to watch every step they took because they could have been killed. However, they live to tell of how they narrowly escaped death. Migration to South Africa by migrant nurses which once was considered as an opportunity to "have their own share of the gold" has turned to disillusionment. They have been caught in the web of the immigration policy of South Africa. The conditions for a migrant to stay in South Africa depend on how scarce his/her skill is. Nursing which was considered a scarce skill in the 1990s is no longer scarce. This has led lo a second migration to England by the nurses. Despite the recent increase in this second migration, some have decided to use the opportunities of working and studying in South Africa to obtain university degrees, which they believe will improve their financial situations. According to the remarks made by some of the migrant women, th;y are happy lo be where they are, for, comparatively. South Africa still has the best to ofler migrant women in the African continent. However, the migration literature shows that researchers in the field of migration have been gender-blind. Independent skilled, career and businesswomen of African origin have been side-lined in scholarly research on migration in post apartheid South Africa. In collecting data used for this study, the snowball method of sampling was used because other me! hods were not appropriate. The population of study was made of a core sample often women, although interviews were conducted informally with a cross-section with other migrant women. The study of independent African migrant women is an example of an ethnographic account at its best.
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Bajorek, MacDonald Helen. "The power of Polonia, post WWII Polish immigrants to Canada; survivors of deportation and exile in Soviet labour camps." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57992.pdf.
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White, Pamela Margaret. "Restructuring the domestic sphere : prairie Indian women on reserves : image, ideology and state policy, 1880-1930." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=113636.
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Note:Images of Indian women shared by explorers and traders of the Northwest significantly infl uenced early Canadian government Indian policy. Under the policy of wardship, these images developed into stereotypical views. The government's goals of protection, civilization and assimilation, pertaining to Indian women residing on prairie reserves from 1880 to 1930, were to be accomplished by restructuring the domestic economy on reserve. Government and churches attempted to c hange this economy through formal instruction of Indian women in the domestic skills. Later, attempts were made to teach them to be better mothers. The state's view of Indians as inadequate housekeepers and inattentive mothers reinforced efforts to alter the way of life on reserves. Moreover, the stereotype of domestic slovenliness served to mask causes of endemic tuberculosis on the reserves . By 1930, the Canadian state had intervened in most areas of Indian womens' lives. This occurred well before unive rsal social programs were established.
L'image de la femme Amerindienne qu'ont rapportee les explorateurs et les trappeurs du Nord-ouest a influence de facon significative les premieres politiques du gouvernemnt canadien a l'egard de mis en tutelle du gouvernement federeal transformera ensuite progressivement cette perception en stereotypes. Les objectifs du gouvernement ayant trait a la protection, a l'avancement et a l'assimilation des amerindiennes vivant sur les reserves des Prairies entre 1880 et 1930 devaient etre atteints par un restructuration de l'economie interieure des reserves. Le gouvernement et les pouvoirs religieux ont tente d'y parvenir en enseignant les arts menagers aux amerindiennes. Plus tard on tentera de leur ernsigner comment etre de meilleures meres.[...]
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Briggs, Catherine. "Fighting for women's equality, the federal Women's Bureau, 1945-1967 : an example of early state feminism in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60524.pdf.
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Lopez-Damian, Judith, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "Narratives of Latino-American immigrant women's experiences." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, 2008, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/732.
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This thesis explores the immigration experiences of five Latino-American women who reside in Lethbridge, Alberta. Rather than using interviews as a research protocol, the author used conversation as a tool to explore the narratives of these women’s experiences. Four of the five told their story in Spanish, and after transcribing the conversations, the author used critical inquiry to find common ground between the women’s narratives and her own immigration experiences. This thesis explores topics such as belonging and connections to different communities and how these women use stories of change and continuity in constructing their identities. Language, employment, recognition of previous education as well as separation from their families and support networks were the main difficulties identified. As anticipated, these women accessed federally funded and provincially delivered immigrant settlement services, such as ESL classes. While hesitant to use formal counselling, three of the women accessed these services for gendered matters such as spousal abuse. Relationships based on kinship were crucial resources and central to their narratives as was church, which provided both a familiar and significant source of community and support. This study found that when using conversation the researcher establishes relationships with the participants, other writers/academics, as well as the readers. Thus this thesis suggests that narrative research is fundamentally a relational activity. In this context stories are considered gifts, and the exchange of gifts an important aspect of research design. The narratives were shaped by, and interpreted in light of, various contextual factors such as the women’s relationships with the researcher, and their individual as well as socio-cultural and historical circumstances. The five women who participated in this research were found through community networking, and had some familiarity with counselling–either as service recipients or a professional connection–circumstances which shaped their willingness to participate as well as the stories they narrated about their immigration experiences. In constructing the narratives of their past experiences, from the vantage point of the present, the women emphasize gratitude to Canada and only subtly allude to issues such as racism or stereotyping.viii, 170 leaves ; 29 cm. --
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Maldonado, Leslie. "The study of self-efficacy in Latin female immigrants attending a support group at a community based agency." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2313.
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The focus of this study is the effectiveness in increasing self-efficacy and self-esteem level, parenting skills, awareness about domestic violence issues, and the overall effects of these on the quality of life of at-risk Hispanic female immigrants attending a support group at a community agency.
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Ho, Chun-kit, and 何俊傑. "Facilitating community development for low income female migrants in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260251.
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Williams, Judith. "Exploring the gifts and dreams of sewing circle members: skills mastery and peer support as vehicles for increasing self-efficacy among women who are newcomers (immigrants and refugees) to Canada." Linus Learning, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30390.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of women who have migrated to Canada and were members of a Sewing Circle in Central Park, Winnipeg. It was aimed to discover if involvement at the women’s centre increased levels of self-confidence and perceived self-efficacy for members. The study involved conversations and interviews with twelve women. The study was conducted between March and November 2012. Using qualitative research methodology, questions were asked to shape a better understanding of the circumstances that led participants to seek membership with a sewing circle and what membership in such a program had meant for them. The interview design included identifying some of the gifts, assets, resources, interests, skills and abilities the women had pre-arrival to Canada. Participants were asked to share goals and dreams they held for themselves in this new country. The feminist approach used for the study’s framework set the tone for a conversational style interview process, with time set aside for the interviewer and participant to exchange ideas. The collected data identified that all of the participants who had migrated as adults had skills-specific training, careers they enjoyed and/or were entrepreneurs in their home countries or countries of refuge. The main themes that emerged from the data described how the economic realities of learning and mastering the skill of sewing were of value to participants. Peer support, feeling like a part of something and finding a sense of family in the host country were also reasons for membership. The findings from the study show a need for policies that support interventions focused on building more inclusive communities and societies. Communities where academic qualifications, skills specific training, employment and entrepreneurial experience accumulated in other countries provide trajectories to a more direct path forward for people as they transition into the Canadian economy and integrate into Canadian society.
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Paljevic, Miro. "Division of Labor within the Household: The Experience of Bosnian Immigrant Women in Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1421.
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This research study examines the impact of international migration of household labor for Bosnian immigrant women living in Portland, Oregon. Bosnia is a society with enduring patriarchal traditions which assume that women are in charge of doing household chores. Men are in charge of providing for the family monetarily. Many Bosnian families migrated to the U.S. in the mid 1990's in order to escape the war in Bosnia. In this study I interview 10 of these Bosnian women, concerning the division of labor in their homes in Bosnia and their homes in U.S. After migrating to the U.S. the amount of work women did within the home lessened as their husbands became more involved in helping with various chores. The changes in the division of household labor did not subvert traditional gender roles. Wives transferred and adapted their views of gender performativity after they migrated to the United States. The results are consistent with research that states that migrant women focus more on advancement of their family rather on their own emancipation.
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Torres, Ospina Sara. "Uncovering the Role of Community Health Worker/Lay Health Worker Programs in Addressing Health Equity for Immigrant and Refugee Women in Canada: An Instrumental and Embedded Qualitative Case Study." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23753.
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“Why do immigrants and refugees need community health workers/lay health workers (CHWs) if Canada already has a universal health care system?” Abundant evidence demonstrates that despite the universality of our health care system marginalized populations, including immigrants and refugees, experience barriers to accessing the health system. Evidence on the role of CHWs facilitating access is both lacking and urgently needed. This dissertation contributes to this evidence by providing a thick description and thorough analytical exploration of a CHW model, in Edmonton, Canada. Specifically, I examine the activities of the Multicultural Health Brokers Co-operative (MCHB Co-op) and its Multicultural Health Brokers from 1992 to 2011 as well as the relationship they have with Alberta Health Services (AHS) Edmonton Zone Public Health. The research for this study is based on an instrumental and embedded qualitative case study design. The case is the MCHB Co-op, an independently-run multicultural health worker co-operative, which contracts with health and social services providers in Edmonton to offer linguistically- and culturally-appropriate services to marginalized immigrant and refugee women and their families. The two embedded mini-cases are two programs of the MCHB Co-op: Perinatal Outreach and Health for Two, which are the raison d’être for a sustained partnership between the MCHB Co-op and AHS. The phenomenon under study is the Multicultural Health Brokers’ practice.
I triangulate multiple methods (research strategies and data sources), including 46 days of participant and direct observation, 44 in-depth interviews (with Multicultural Health Brokers, mentors, women using the programs, health professionals and outsiders who knew of the work of the MCHB Co-op and Multicultural Health Brokers), and document review and analysis of policy documents, yearly reports, training manuals, educational materials as well as quantitative analysis of the Health Brokers’ 3,442 client caseload database. In addition, data include my field notes of both descriptive and analytical reflections taken throughout the onsite research. I also triangulate various theoretical frameworks to explore how historically specific social structures, economic relationships, and ideological assumptions serve to create and reinforce the conditions that give rise to the need for CHWs, and the factors that aid or hinder their ability to facilitate marginalized populations’ access to health and social services.
Findings reveal that Multicultural Health Brokers facilitate access to health and social services as well as foster community capacity building in order to address settlement, adaptation, and integration of immigrant and refugee women and their families into Canadian society. Findings also demonstrate that the Multicultural Health Broker model is an example of collaboration between community-based organizations and local systems in targeting health equity for marginalized populations; in particular, in perinatal health and violence against women. A major problem these workers face is they provide important services as part of Canada’s health human resources workforce, but their contributions are often not recognized as such. The triangulation of methods and theory provides empirical and theoretical understanding of the Multicultural Health Brokers’ contribution to immigrant and refugee women and their families’ feminist urban citizenship.
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Kelly, Caralyn J. "Thrilling and marvellous experiences, place and subjectivity in Canadian climbing narratives, 1885-1925." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/NQ53500.pdf.
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Sylla, Daouda. "Essays on Culture, Economic Outcome and Wellbeing." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31202.
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Chapter 1: The Impact of Culture on the Second-Generation Immigrants’ Level of Trust in Canada
Trust is one of the main elements of social capital; it determines the extent to which an individual cooperates with others. In this chapter, I assess whether cultural factors influence the level of trust in the population of second-generation immigrants in Canada. This paper is related to two strands of empirical literature. The first analyses the determinants of trust and the second studies the cultural transmission of values, attitudes and beliefs. I follow closely the literature on the cultural transmission and use an epidemiological approach to assess whether trust of second-generation immigrants is affected by their cultural heritage. This approach consists of comparing information about the outcomes of second-generation immigrants with that of the country of origin of their ancestry. We apply this approach using the Ethnic Diversity Survey (EDS), the World Value Survey (WVS) and the European Value Survey (EVS). Estimation results show that the average level of trust in the countries of origin of the ancestors of the second-generation immigrants has a strong significant impact on their level of trust. Thus, individual whose country of ancestry displays a high level of trust, tend to have a high level of trust. This provides evidence that individuals’ level of trust is not only explained by their personal experiences, characteristics, and the environment in which they live; but also by the culture in their country of ancestry. This means that culture does matter! I find that the results remain robust even if certain key countries are omitted or a different data set is used.
Chapter 2: Decomposing Health Achievement and Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Presence of Multiple Categorical Information
This chapter presents a decomposition of the health achievement and the socioeconomic health inequality indices by multiple categorical variables and by regions. I adopt Makdissi and Yazbeck's (2014) counting approach to deal with the ordinal nature of the data of the United States National Health Interview Survey 2010. The findings suggest that the attributes that contribute the most to the deviation from perfect health in the United States are: anxiety, depression and exhaustion. Also, I find that the attributes that contribute the most to the total socioeconomic health inequality are ambulation, depression and pain. The regional decomposition results suggest that, if the aversion to socioeconomic health inequality is high enough, socioeconomic health inequalities between regions are the main contributors to the total socioeconomic health inequality in the United States. Chapter 3: Accounting for Freedom and Economic Resources in the Assessment of Changes in Women Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa
This chapter assesses the importance of freedom in women’s wellbeing in twelve Sub-Saharan Africa countries by using data from Demographic Health Surveys. This paper presents a poverty comparison by using the stochastic dominance approach and relies on the economic resources and freedom as the two aspects of wellbeing which evokes the multidimensionality of poverty. This study is related to the following three pieces of literature: the sequential stochastic dominance, the multidimensional poverty, the Sen’s capability approach which is based on freedom. This paper is built on Makdissi et al. (2014) but differs from it in a number of respects. First, it focuses on poverty instead of welfare. Secondly, it applies the Shapley decomposition to determine the contributions of the economic resource distribution and the incidence of the threat of domestic violence to poverty changes over time. Consistent with previous work on the importance of freedom, I find that more freedom, i.e. less threat of domestic violence, affects women’s wellbeing positively since it decreases women’s poverty. The results indicate that women’s wellbeing has improved in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, and Zimbabwe and deteriorated in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Tanzania.
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Ouali, Nouria. "Migration et accès au marché du: les effets émancipateurs sur la condition des femmes issues de l'immigration." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210479.
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La thèse a pour objet l'émancipation des femmes issues de l'immigration. Elle propose d'évaluer les effets de la migration et de l'accès au marché du travail sur l'émancipation des filles de migrantes d'origine marocaine en Belgique francophone.L'étude tente d'abord de mettre en lumière le rôle des femmes immigrées dans l'histoire de la Belgique en le ré-articulant à l'histoire sociale, l'histoire des femmes et l'histoire de l'immigration. Ensuite, elle montre que l'approche dominante des travaux sur les migrations ne prend pas en compte la dimension du genre, ce qui a pour conséquence de masquer la différenciation des expériences migratoires selon le sexe. Enfin, elle replace l'analyse du statut des femmes immigrées et de leurs descendantes dans la complexité des rapports sociaux de sexe, de race et de classe afin de mieux rendre compte des réalités concrètes et de sortir du simplisme des approches culturalistes.
La thèse développe une analyse des politiques d'intégration (politiques éducative, de l'emploi et de lutte contre les discriminations) visant l'émancipation des immigrées et en évalue l'impact sur les filles de migrant-es d'origine marocaine. Elle présente enfin les trajectoires individuelles des filles de migrant.es marocain.es et examine les facteurs individuels et collectifs favorisant leur émancipation.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation sociologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Hameed, Qamer. "Grassroots Canadian Muslim Identity in the Prairie City of Winnipeg: A Case Study of 2nd and 1.5 Generation Canadian Muslims." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32987.
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What are grassroots “Canadian Muslims” and why not use the descriptor “Muslims in Canada”? This thesis examines the novel concept of locale specific grassroots Canadian Muslim identity of second and 1.5 generation Muslims in the prairie city of Winnipeg, Manitoba. The project focuses on a generation of Muslims that are settled, embedded, and active in a medium sized Canadian metropolis. Locale plays a powerful part in the way people navigate identities, form attachments, find belonging, and negotiate communities and society. In order to explore this unique identity a case study was conducted in Winnipeg. Interviews with 1.5 and second generation Muslims explored the experience of grassroots Canadian Muslim identity. The project does not focus on religious doxy or praxis but rather tries to understand a lived Canadian Muslim identity by exploring discourse and space as well as strategies, social perceptions and expectations. Participant observation, community resources and literature also aid in the understanding of the grassroots Canadian Muslim experience. This study found that the attachments, networks, and experiences in the locale give room for an embedded Canadian Muslim experience and more negotiable identities than most studies on Muslims in Canada describe. These individuals are not foreigners living in Canada. Their worldviews develop out of this particular and embedded grassroots experience. They navigate a new kind of hybrid Canadian Muslim identity that is unique and flexible. This is the Canadian Muslim experience of 2nd and 1.5 generation Winnipeg Muslims.
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Zhang, Yujie. "Construction and transformation of identity and power relationship : mainland Chinese women immigrants in Vancouver." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12304.
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This study is an attempt to examine contemporary Chinese women immigrants from
Mainland China and their adaptation into Canadian society. In this locally based research,
I focus on how Chinese women integrate into Canadian society as immigrants; how they
identify themselves in the new social context; what factors affect their identification; and
how inherent power relationships between men and women within Chinese society have
been redefined and transformed as the immigrant women assert themselves in the new
society in response to new opportunities and obligations that are presented to them. This
study is based on a series of face-to-face interviews that were chosen through snowball
sampling method. 20 interviews were conducted and the data were qualitatively analyzed.
I found that changes occurred with their multiple identities, which include class identity,
ethnic and cultural identity, and gender identity. Most women experienced downward
mobility in social and economic status after immigration due to lack of appropriate
positions in the labor market and also the feeling of a lack of power as a consequence of
ethnic minority membership; almost all of them have bidimentional cultural identity
which means they identify with some aspects of Canadian culture while maintaining their
Chinese culture of origin; and traditional Chinese gender ideology still plays a main role
in redefining.gender identity which is embodied in the immigration decisions and the
conflict between family and occupation. Economic, educational, occupational, social and
relational power resources are factors affecting the transformation and redefinition of the
power relationship between husband and wife. These factors work together in changing
the allocation of power resources between husband and wife and affect the decision
making process within a family.
22
Rempel, Geoffrey Elliott Lee. "Dimensions of citizenship among Mexican immigrants in Vancouver, Canada." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11426.
Full textAbstract:
The beginning of the twenty-first century is a time of far-reaching global changes;
these changes have tremendous implications for the meaning of citizenship. Increasing
connections of all kinds across borders and between cultures demand the reevaluation of
traditional understandings of the relationship of individuals to the state and to each other
in the public sphere. This thesis uses the testimony of Mexican immigrants to
Vancouver, Canada, (a largely unresearched group at the forefront of these global
changes) to query their experiences of the meaning of citizenship. Semistructured
interviews in English and Spanish were conducted with twenty-seven respondents. Three
dimensions of citizenship were found to be particularly important to this group. First,
these immigrants operate within the structure of neoliberal nation-building projects of
both the Mexican and the Canadian states. Two examples of such biopolitical
mobilization (the National Solidarity Program in Mexico, and the federal multicultural
policy in Canada) are examined in detail. Second, citizenship for Mexican immigrants is
transnational; it is characterized by multiple, simultaneous economic, social, and political
involvements in both Mexico and Canada. However, the actual extent of such
transnationalism was found to be rather more limited than much transnational literature
suggests. Third, belonging to a community is a central element of citizenship; these
immigrants were found not to form a single cohesive community, but rather multiple,
dispersed communities split along lines of class and other identity axes. This research
demonstrates the challenges and opportunities that increasingly common hybrid identities
present for the meaning and function of citizenship, particularly for an ethnic minority
immigrant group maintaining strong ties to their country of origin.
23
Low, Cynthia. "Multiculturalism, immigration and citizenship : a view of social relations in Canada." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15144.
Full textAbstract:
National multicultural and multiracial pluralism is a reality of modernity. In Canada
multiculturalism has been an official policy since 1971. As a settler society the concepts, values
and principles entrenched in multiculturalism, citizenship and immigration reflect a history of
racialization. Uncritical views of nation building and citizenship assume that all Canadians have
equal opportunity to participate and contribute to the social, economic, cultural and political life
of the country. Given the current milieu of globalization, transnationalism and internationalism
in an era of interconnectivity, market economies and of focus on economic capital, there is a
challenge for Canada to consign a sense of place and equal participation to all its citizens.
This is a conceptual thesis that looks at how government policy and dominant hegemony
in Canada mediate relationships and identities within and among immigrant communities and
other marginalized communities be they bound by geography, economics race, gender, religion
or sexuality. Personal-narratives from my own experience as an immigrant are used to highlight
how social relations are constituted, synthesized, merged, enacted, intersected, transpired and
inspired. The objective is to interrogate the ubiquity of racially esssentialized and exclusionary
practices that continue to inform and guide our development as a settler society, no matter how
rigorously we may deny or how we frame the practice of racialization.
The key issues to be examined are, first, the development of group and individual identity
in its relational, political, historical and cultural contexts. The second issue is the development
of social relations between marginalized communities as they are affected by government
policies in areas of immigration, multiculturalism and citizenship. And finally the thesis
examines the practice of Adult Education as contributing to social relations between
communities. Identity and identity politics circumscribing the Canadian psyche provides a powerful
location for adult learning in general but particularly in situations serving immigrant and
newcomers. This thesis develops a lens that contributes to a critical approach to the provision of
Adult Education in settlement services, health education, work place training, language
acquisition and other services that shape social relations between communities. These programs
should incorporate critical theories to make transparent the 'real' history of Canada and students
place in the nation.
24
"Becoming Hèunggóngyàhn: a study of female Mainland immigrants in Hong Kong." 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896873.
Full textAbstract:
Lau, Ying Chui Janice.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-235).
Abstracts in English and Chinese; includes Chinese characters.
Abstract
Acknowledgement
Chapter 1
Introduction --- p.1
Background --- p.4
Defining Female New Immigrants --- p.7
Literature Review --- p.10
Methodology --- p.22
List of Informants --- p.25
Thesis Structure --- p.27
Chapter 2
History of Female Mainland Migrants in Hong Kong --- p.30
Invisible Female Migrants --- p.31
Immigration Policy as Identity Marker --- p.35
Gender Implications in the Immigration Policy --- p.37
Shifts in Social Policy and Social Capital --- p.41
Hong Kong Identity: a Gender Perspective --- p.45
"Class, Popular Culture and Identity Politics" --- p.50
Conclusion --- p.53
Chapter 3
Hongkongness in the Classroom --- p.56
Learning Hong Kong English --- p.60
Learning “accentless´ح Cantonese --- p.70
Learning Proper Behavior --- p.78
Learning the Hong Kong Spirit --- p.87
Conclusion --- p.94
Chapter 4
Reconstructing Womanhood --- p.96
Dressing up in Hongkong-Style --- p.100
Reconstructing a Hongkong-Style Beautiful Face --- p.104
Learning to be a Wife of Hong Kong Man --- p.109
Learning to be a Hong Kong Mother --- p.116
Marital Relationship and Adaptation --- p.119
Conclusion --- p.137
Chapter 5
Empowerment and Disempowerment --- p.140
Empowerment --- p.141
Structural Resources --- p.143
Gain and Loss of Capital --- p.147
Defining Capital: Social Workers and Class Teachers --- p.152
Redefining Capital: Mainland Women Migrants´ة Agency --- p.157
Evaluation of Achievement --- p.163
Breaking Down of Cultural Boundaries --- p.163
Discarding Stereotypes --- p.166
Constructing New Relations --- p.169
Disempowerment --- p.175
Conclusion --- p.186
Chapter 6
Conclusion --- p.189
A Uniquely Hong Kong Process --- p.189
Keeping an Imagined Boundary --- p.195
Imitating Hongkong-Style Womanhood --- p.199
Women´ةs Empowerment and Disempowerment --- p.203
Policy Implications and Recommendations --- p.206
The Way Ahead --- p.213
Appendixes --- p.215
Bibliography --- p.219
25
Sykes, Heather. "Teaching bodies, learning desires : feminist-poststructural life histories of heterosexual and lesbian physical education teachers in western Canada." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/9611.
Full textAbstract:
Physical education is a profession where heterosexuality has historically been
regarded as normal, if not compulsory. The location of female physical education
(PE) teachers at the nexus of discourses about masculinist sport, women's physical
education and pedagogies of the body has exerted unique historical pressures on
their sexualities. In North America and Western Europe, female PE teachers have
frequently been suspected of being lesbian. This suspicion has enveloped lesbian
teachers in a shroud of oppressive silence, tolerated only as an 'open secret' (Cahn,
1994).
This study examined the life histories of six women from three generations
who had taught physical education in western Canada. Previous life history research
has focused exclusively on lesbian PE teachers (Clarke, 1996; Sparkes, 1992, 1994a,
1994b; Squires & Sparkes, 1996; Sparkes & Templin, 1992) which risks reinforcing a
hierarchical relationship between 'lesbian' and 'heterosexual'. Accordingly, three
women who identified as 'lesbian' and three as 'married' or 'heterosexual' were
involved in this study which incorporated poststructural, psychoanalytic and queer
theories about sexual subjectivity into a feminist approach to life history. The
notions of 'understanding' and 'overstanding' were used to analyze data which
meant interpreting not only had been said during the interviews but also what was
left unsaid.
The women's life histories revealed how lesbian sexualities have been
marginalized and silenced, especially within the physical education profession. A l l
the women grew up in families where heterosexuality was normalized, and all
except one experienced pressure to date boys during their high school education in
Canada. As teachers, identifying as a 'feminist' had a greater affect on their personal
politics and approaches to teaching than their sexual identities. The life histories
also provided limited support to the notion that PE teacher's participation in
various women's sports accentuated the suspicion of lesbianism. For two of the
'lesbian' women, team sports continued to provide valuable lesbian communities
from the 1950s to the present day. In contrast, one 'lesbian' women established her
lesbian social network through individual sports and urban feminist groups. The
'heterosexual' women had all participated in gender-neutral sports. Overall the
sporting backgrounds of these teachers did little to dispel the long-standing
association between women's sports and lesbianism which, in turn, has affected
female PE teachers.
Drawing on queer theory and the notion of 'overstanding' data,
deconstructive interpretations suggested how heterosexuality had been normalized
in several institutional discourses within women's physical education. These
interpretations undermined the boundaries of 'the closet', sought out an absent
lesbian gaze and suggested that homophobia has been, in part, rooted in the social
unconscious of the physical education profession.
26
Pinnington, Elizabeth. "How participants valued and used resources in the start-up phase of a feminist community organization." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12728.
Full textAbstract:
Feminist community organizing involves members of a geographic locale or social network
coming together to address a shared issue or problem affecting the lives of women in order to find a
collective solution (Dominelli, 1995; Israel, Checkoway, Schulz & Zimmerman, 1994; Selsky, 1991).
While the organizational theory literature has traditionally focused on the exchange of financial and
material resources as the main reason for forming partnerships (Gulati, 1998; Kanter, 1989; Oliver,
1991), a growing body of feminist literature (Acker, 1995; Brown, 1992; Eisenstein, 1995; Feree and
Martin, 1995; Reinelt, 1994) and community development literature (Dominelli, 1995, Israel et al.,
1994; Kretzman & McKnight, 1993; Minkler & Wallerstein, 1997; Selsky, 1991) emphasizes the
importance of other types of resources such as skills, lived experience, knowledge, information and
social networks. In addition, feminist collectivity offers a promising alternative to hierarchy in terms
of valuing and mobilizing the diverse pool of resources brought to a feminist community-based
initiative by participants from varied social locations (Callahan, 1997; Dominelli, 1995; Reinelt,
1994).
The purpose of my study was to investigate participant understandings of the resources they
brought to a feminist community organizing initiative designed to increase the access of women on
low-incomes to community recreation, and how emergent organizational practices affected resource
utilization. A case study analysis of 'Women Organizing Activities for Women' (WOAW) that is
comprised of a diverse group of women on low incomes, community partners, and university-based
researchers was conducted.
The research methods for this project included the analysis data obtained in Interactive
Research Meetings (n=3) with each of the WOAW participant groups to determine individual and
collective resources. Observations of Phase I WOAW meetings (n=9) were recorded using fieldnotes
and verbatim transcripts and served as the data source for examining patterns of resource utilization
given emergent feminist collective organizing practices. Fieldnotes and transcripts were analyzed
using Atlas.ti data computer software.
Participants from the three groups identified over 200 examples of resources they were
bringing to WOAW and described a number of connections between resources, as well as multiple
meanings of single resource types, which differed based on their roles and locations in the
organization. These findings contribute to the literature by linking resource identification in new ways
to the process of resource utilization. The results also contribute to practice by challenging
assumptions about the types of resources brought by different collaborators and by identifying
organizational practices that enhance or inhibit resource utilization. My analysis revealed that there
was ambiguity between participant groups about who was bringing what resources, which led to
assumptions being made about who would take on certain tasks in the group. I also found that while
feminist collective organizing practices enabled participants to name and share resources in an
empowering and respectful environment, that time constraints, ambiguity about roles and participants'
lack of familiarity with the process were challenges to mobilizing available resources.
27
Lee, Eunju. "Domestic conflict and coping strategies among Korean immigrant women in the United States." Thesis, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3118037.
Full text
28
Nyadoi, Florence. "Immigration, assimilation and fertility: a study of Black African immigrants in Vancouver." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/5485.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines how in the context of international
migration, ethnic (cultural) assimilation may influence fertility
and attitudes towards fertility. The relationships between ethnic
assimilation (measured by the extent to which immigrants will have
subscribed to the core values of Canadian society through life
style or behaviourial characteristics and social networks),
socioeconomic status (that is, level of education and income), and
six variables used to measure fertility and attitudes towards
fertility of Black African immigrant women in Canada are examined.
These include: ideal number of children; ideal number of Sons;
currently preventing pregnancy; currently pregnant or trying to get
pregnant; children ever born still living and more sons than
daughters. The African women who participated in the study were all
immigrants in Canada, selected from the different African
communities. Only women in their child bearing years were selected.
An attempt was made to include women from all the different
categories of immigrants. Africans that were not black and blacks
from North America and the Caribbean were excluded from the sample.
Data collection for the study was at the micro-level. In total, 165
questionnaires, consisting of structured questions were handed out.
Results revealed statistically significant relationships
between ethnic assimilation and fertility and attitudes towards
fertility. For example, a significant relationship existed between
attending African dances, parties and informal social affairs, and currently preventing pregnancy, and pregnant or trying to get
pregnant. A significant negative correlation was found between
income and children ever born that were still living. Age too was
found to be related to fertility, with women in the older
age—group (35-44) reporting higher averages for ideal number of
children and sons, as opposed to those in the younger age—groups
and the entire population. Surprisingly enough, no significant
relationships were recorded between level of education, feeling of
ethnicity, maintenance of contact with homeland, years spent in
Canada, residence in Africa, the category immigrants belonged to,
and fertility as originally anticipated.
29
Rudd, Dianne M. "Women and migration : internal and international migration in Australia / Dianne Marie Rudd." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22131.
Full textAbstract:
"July 24, 2004"Includes bibliographical references (leaves 297-319)
xix, 319 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, Discipline of Geographical and Environmental Studies, 2004
30
Rudd, Dianne M. "Women and migration : internal and international migration in Australia / Dianne Marie Rudd." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22131.
Full textAbstract:
"July 24, 2004"Includes bibliographical references (leaves 297-319)
xix, 319 leaves : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, Discipline of Geographical and Environmental Studies, 2004
31
Hardie, Catherine. "Ethno-racialized immigrant mothers and pediatric hospitalization /." 2006. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=442533&T=F.
Full text
32
Schuler, Greta. ""At your own risk" : narratives of Zimbabwean migrant sex workers in Hillbrow and discourses of vulnerability, agency, and power." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/13155.
Full textAbstract:
This study explores the self-representations of cross-border migrant, female sex workers
in Johannesburg and compares these representations to those created by public discourses around
cross-border migration, sex work, and gender. With a focus on issues of agency, vulnerability,
and power, the study questions the impact of prevalent representations of these women by others
on their individual self-representations. The participatory approach of this study builds on
previous participatory research projects with migrant sex workers in Johannesburg and employs
creative writing as a methodology to generate narratives and thus adds to literature about
alternative methodologies for reaching currently marginalised and under-researched groups.
Organisations such as Sex Worker Education and Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT) and Sisonke
Sex Worker Movement have worked with sex workers to generate digital stories for advocacy;
however, academic research employing storytelling as a methodology has not been done with
migrant sex workers in South Africa. While existing evidence indicates that cross-border
migrant, female sex workers are often marginalised by state and non-state actors professing to
assist them, this study emphasizes the voices of the women themselves. Over the course of three
months, I conducted creative writing workshops with five female Zimbabwean sex workers in
Hillbrow, Johannesburg; the women generated stories in these workshops that became the basis
for one-on-one unstructured interviews. I compared the self-representations that emerged from
this process with the representations of migrant sex workers that I determined from a desk
review of the websites of organisations that contribute to trafficking and sex work discourses in
South Africa.
With the Prevention and Combating of Trafficking in Persons Bill close to becoming law
in South Africa and the prevalent assumption that systemic trafficking problems are related to the
sex industry and irregular migration, developing a better understanding of migrants involved in
sex work in South Africa is particularly important. Furthermore, a national focus on reducing and
even preventing immigration—and the stigma attached to migrants—adds urgency to the
elucidation of the lives of migrants. This study investigates how female Zimbabwean sex
workers in Johannesburg—often positioned as vulnerable and sometimes misidentified as
trafficked—see themselves in a country increasingly concerned with issues of (anti-)immigration
and (anti-)trafficking. Furthermore, sex work is criminalized in South Africa and social mores
attach stigma to prostitution. Contrary to assumptions that all sex workers are forced into the
industry or foreign sex workers trafficked into the country, the participants in this study spoke of
active choices in their lives—including choices about their livelihood and their movement—and
describe their vulnerabilities and strengths. Perhaps the most striking similarity between
participants was the women’s acknowledgement of the dangers they face and the decisions they
make, weighing risks and gains. This recognition of agency ran through the six key themes that I
generated through thematic analysis: Conflicting Representations of Sex Work, Stigma and
Double Existence, Health and Safety, Importance of Independence, Morality of Remittances, and
Mobility. Throughout the analysis, I argue that the participants in the study present themselves as
aware of the dangers they face and calculating the risks. The participants responded
enthusiastically to the creative writing methodology—through their stories, discussions, and
interviews, they portrayed a complex, at times ambiguous, portrait of migrant sex workers in
South Africa. While recognizing their double vulnerability—as illegally engaging in sex work
and, often, illegally residing in South Africa, they also emphasized their strength and agency.
33
Chinyakata, Rachel. "An investigation of the vulnerability of Young Zimbabwean female immigrants in Johannesburg, South Africa." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1427.
Full textAbstract:
PhDGSInstitute of Gender and Youth Studies
The existence of humans has always been associated with movement, owing, among other reasons, conflicts, to disasters and search for more habitable areas and better living conditions. Historically, migration of women has not been given much attention by scholars; international migration literature has always been dominated by data on male migration. However, almost half of the immigrants coming into South Africa are women. Young female immigrants are considered more vulnerable than their male counterparts. Through a qualitative approach, this study aimed at investigating the vulnerability of young Zimbabwean female immigrants in Johannesburg, South Africa’s largest city and its industrial and commercial heartland, in order to develop a comprehensive strategy to minimise their vulnerability. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used for data collection, and Atlas.ti qualitative analysis software was used to analyse the data. The population of the study was young female immigrants between the ages of 18 and 35 years residing in Johannesburg, and experts in the field of migration. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to select the participants. The findings of this study highlighted that the young Zimbabwean female immigrants are vulnerable to abuse, discrimination, xenophobia, poor health, and social and economic problems. The abuse, discrimination and xenophobia were perpetrated by their partners, the society, colleagues in the workplace, employers, and the authorities who are supposed to protect and provide services for these immigrants. These problems were a result of the intersecting factors that cause the young women’s vulnerability. These include nationality, gender, legality, language barriers, type of work, poverty (and the desperation it generates), and competition over job opportunities. The study indicated that these female immigrants do not look for the law’s protection because they are afraid of being deported, and they are afraid of the police, who are reluctant to protect them, and often further abuse them. The study recommends the adoption of the Multistakeholder Comprehensive Migration Strategy which was developed in this study to minimise the young women’s vulnerability. This strategy promotes the collaboration of different parties at all levels – individual, community, civil society, regional and national – in achieving this all-important purpose. All these stakeholders should collaborate in initiatives to promote and protect the rights of these young women, and ensure gender equality in migration.
NRF
34
Hsu, Wei-Shan. "Reconstituted lives : children's experiences in the context of transnational migration between Canada and Taiwan." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12099.
Full textAbstract:
It is becoming increasingly common for current-day migrants to build transnational
connections transcending national borders. Amongst recent immigrants from Taiwan to
Canada, an "astronaut" type of family arrangement has emerged. In the "astronaut"
families, either one or both parents continue working in Taiwan to maximize the financial
resources of the family, while the children reside in Canada. These children affected by
transnational migration between Canada and Taiwan no longer experience a radical break
from their place of origin—Taiwan. Instead, both the settlement society and their ethnic
origin have continually informed the processes of these children's home-making and
identity development.
Based on eleven individual interviews conducted in Greater Vancouver regional
district of British Columbia, Canada between June and September, 2001, this study
explores the impact of transnational family arrangements on children's lives, and
children's.senses of home and identity. Findings suggest that the families of the children
interviewed undergo a reconfiguration of the traditional family structure, a reconfiguration
based on the establishment of various transnational connections linking family in Taiwan
and family in Vancouver. The new transnational family structure is operating within new
forms of interdependence between family members and within changing family
relationships. The transnational family arrangement has affected how the children define
"home" and where they consider to be "home". The children's senses of home are
influenced by the interaction between their quotidian experiences in Vancouver and their
transnational connections with Taiwan. In terms of identity, the children interviewed
reveal a persistence of Taiwanese identity over time and at the same time a fluctuation in
the intensity of their Taiwanese identity. The main factors affecting the children's senses
of identity are: cross-cultural contacts they have experienced in Vancouver, the significant
flow of people and cultural items from Taiwan to Vancouver, and the primordial
attachment to their place of origin. The children have learned to negotiate within
"astronaut" families. They have become new kinds of "transnational" people—those who
can situate themselves somewhere between being Taiwanese and being Canadian and yet,
be both.
35
LIU, HSIU-CHI, and 劉秀琪. "The Knowledge, Attitude and Social Support of Childrearing and the Infant''s Growth and Development Conditions among Taiwanese, Foreign Immigrants and Chinese Childbearing Age Women in Miao-Li Area." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62537252400679182758.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立台北護理學院
護理研究所
92
The purpose of this research was to explore the childrearing knowledge, attitude and social support and infant’s growth and development conditions among Taiwanese, foreign immigrants and Chinese women at childbearing age. This research was conducted in Miao-Li area and used Cross-Sectional design to examine the childbearing aged women’s childrearing knowledge, attitude and social support through structural self-reported questionnaires, which distributed at regular public health nurse’s home visit, immunization shots and pediatrics clinic, the infant’s growth conditions were measured by infant’s weight, height, head size and developmental screening. Out of the 280 collected samples, 111 were Taiwanese, 89 were foreign immigrants and 80 were Chinese women. The average age of all these women was 26.4 years and average educational-year was 10.5 years. In addition, most of them had the first born child. Major research results were shown as following: 1. The childrearing knowledge: The foreign immigrant childbearing women scored less than Taiwanese and Chinese. The items with low scores in this category included addition of solid food, bath safety, immunization, sickness care and infant’s growth and development. Age, education level, the length of marriage, occupation, family income, pervious childrearing experience were the correlated variables with high scores in this category in Taiwanese sub-group . 2. The childrearing attitude: There was no significant statistical difference among these three groups of childbearing age women. However, both the Taiwanese childbearing women with childrearing experience before marriage and Chinese women with longer educational-year and giving birth to the third child scored higher in this category. 3. The childrearing social support: In general, the Chinese childbearing women had lowest score. Both foreign immigrant childbearing women giving birth to the first child and Chinese women with good family economic conditions scored higher. 4. The infant’s growth and development: Only the birth body height had significant difference among these three groups of women. In addition, the average infant’s birth body height of the Chinese childbearing women was higher than those with Taiwanese and foreign immigrant. Only two foreign immigrant childbearing women’s children did not pass the children developmental test. According to the finding, this research recommended an early intervention to reinforce the foreign immigrant and Chinese childbearing women’s childrearing knowledge. For example, the community health station may initiate a foreign immigrant mother forum to have a live demonstration and practice of the skill and knowledge of infant care. In addition, the health station can provide the infant caring booklets in their mother language. Furthermore, the community can also initiate the helping groups for foreign immigrant and Chinese childbearing women thus the social support network can be constructed, as well as, the childrearing knowledge and skill.
36
Waters, Johanna L. "Flexible families? : the experiences of astronaut and satellite households among recent Chinese immigrants to Vancouver, British Columbia." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11011.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the recent emergence of Astronaut and Satellite family forms in
Vancouver, British Columbia. Evident in several cities around the Pacific Rim, these
transnational arrangements, among economic-class immigrants from Hong Kong and
Taiwan, involve one or both adult members of the nuclear family returning to the country
of origin to pursue a professional career or business. In the Astronaut arrangement, it is
usual for the woman to remain in Vancouver - taking charge of all domestic and
childcare tasks. In the Satellite situation, children are left without parental guidance for
most of the year. Dominant media and academic representations point to two contrasting
interpretations of these phenomena. Recently, academics have emphasised the financial
vulnerability of these assumed 'wealthy' immigrants. Migrants from Hong Kong and
Taiwan are understood to be "reluctant exiles," and the Astronaut situation reflects a
failure to find work in the new country. A second, more common portrayal conceives of
these migrants as part of a larger, "hypermobile" cosmopolitan elite, who utilise
migration as a strategy of economic and cultural accumulation. Particular forms of capital
are achievable at particular global sites; the Astronaut and Satellite arrangements
epitomise the placement of different family members in different locations to this end.
Through in-depth interviews with members of 42 such fragmented families residing in
Vancouver, I established the generally strategic nature of these circumstances.
Overwhelmingly, migration had been sought primarily for the education of the children,
and the transnational arrangement was planned before migration. I was interested also in
how the lone spouse and the Satellite children experienced their situation. A different
body of academic literature has emphasised the way in which migration negatively
impacts the female of the family, and also how the Chinese family remains significantly
patriarchal after migration. For the female participants, practical and emotional
difficulties were encountered during the first year of settlement - exacerbated by the loss
of both the spouse and old support networks in the new setting of Vancouver. Women
undertook all domestic tasks and commonly experienced feelings of boredom, loneliness
and fear. After a year, however, many women reported a sense of freedom, clearly linked
to the absence of the husband and their own agency in the creation of new support
networks and stable surroundings. The Satellite children presented an ambivalent picture
of freedom and aloneness. In the command of their daily lives and in the subversion of
parental control and expectations (for example, regarding their strategic acquisition of
'cultural capital') they demonstrated significant independence. Yet they had little control
over their placement in Vancouver. The negative implications of this family arrangement
for the emotional well-being of the children were clearly apparent, and school staff in
particular stressed the need to regard Satellite status as a social problem. The empirical
data challenge many assumptions concerning the flexible Chinese family in the
contemporary era of transnationalism and globalisation.
37
White, Janine A. "Mental health outcomes and shared experiences of refugee and migrant women following exposure to xenophobic violence: a mixed methods study." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21376.
Full textAbstract:
Text in EnglishDisasters are global phenomena, often occurring without warning and with physical and psychological consequences among those affected. In May 2008, refugee and migrants living in South Africa were exposed to xenophobic violence, which may be described as a human caused disaster using the Shultz, Espinel et al. (2008) definition of disaster. Refugee and migrant women were particularly vulnerable during this time due to heightened risk for exposure to violence and pathology. During 2014, a mixed methods convergent study was conducted in Johannesburg to determine the presence of acute stress disorder symptoms (ASD), posttraumatic growth (PTG) and experiences of xenophobic violence among refugee and migrant women. One hundred and three refugee and migrant women completed a selfadministered questionnaire, while semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a sub-set of 22 women.The quantitative results showed a positive, linear association between moderate ASD-total symptoms, as assessed by the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SASRQ) (Cardeña, Classen, Koopman, & Spiegel, 2014) and moderate posttraumatic growth-total, assessed by the posttraumatic growth inventory (PTGI) (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996). All ASD symptom subscales were predictors of posttraumatic growth. The qualitative results from both the SASRQ open-ended responses and semi-structured responses showed that refugee and migrant women were adversely affected by the xenophobic violence, with a prevailing fear that the xenophobic violence would re-occur. There was convergence in the quantitative findings and the qualitative findings for the pathological and adaptive outcomes. Policymakers must address xenophobic violence by working towards prevention of this type of violence. In instances where policies fail to address or prevent xenophobic violence, disaster programmes should consider xenophobic violence in disaster planning. Further to this, mental health intervention programmes should not only focus on alleviating ASD symptoms but also emphasise enhancing PTG.
Psychology
M.A. (SS (Psychology))
38
Koenigsknecht, Theresa A. ""But the half can never be told" : the lives of Cannelton's Cotton Mill women workers." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4655.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)From 1851 to 1954, under various names, the Indiana Cotton Mills was the dominant industry in the small town of Cannelton, Indiana, mostly employing women and children. The female industrial laborers who worked in this mill during the middle and end of the nineteenth century represent an important and overlooked component of midwestern workers. Women in Cannelton played an essential role in Indiana’s transition from small scale manufacturing in the 1850s to large scale industrialization at the turn of the century. In particular, this work will provide an in-depth exploration of female operatives’ primary place in Cannelton society, their essential economic contributions to their families, and the unique tactics they used in attempts to achieve better working conditions in the mill. It will also explain the small changes in women’s work experiences from 1854 to 1884, and how ultimately marriage, not industrial work, determined the course of their later lives.