Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Women – history – early works to 1800'
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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Life Stories of Women Artists 1550-1800." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5654.
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Popoviciu, Laura. "Between taste and historiography : writing about early Renaissance works of art in Venice and Florence (1550-1800)." Thesis, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2014. http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/6353/.
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My dissertation is an investigation of how early Renaissance paintings from Venice and Florence were discussed and appraised by authors and collectors writing in these cities between 1550 and 1800. The variety of source material I have consulted has enabled me to assess and to compare the different paths pursued by Venetian and Florentine writers, the type of question they addressed in their analyses of early works of art and, most importantly, their approaches to the re-evaluation of the art of the past. Among the types of writing on art I explore are guidebooks, biographies of artists, didactic poems, artistic dialogues, dictionaries and letters, paying particular attention in these different genres to passages about artists from Guariento to Giorgione in Venice and from Cimabue to Raphael in Florence. By focusing, within this framework, on primary sources and documents, as well as on the influence of art historical literature on the activity of collecting illustrated by the cases of the Venetian Giovanni Maria Sasso and the Florentine Francesco Maria Niccolò Gabburri, I show that two principal approaches to writing about the past emerged during this period: the first, adopted by many Venetian authors, involved the aesthetic evaluation of early Renaissance works of art, often in comparison to later developments; the second, more frequent among Florentine writers, tended to document these works and place them in their historical context, without necessarily making artistic judgements about them. A parallel analysis of these two approaches offers a twofold perspective on how writers and collectors engaged with early Renaissance art from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century.
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朱加正 and Ka-ching Chu. "Reflections of the development and philosophy of Mathematics originating in a comparative study of Liu Hui's redaction of 'JiuZhang Suan Shu' and Euclid's 'Elements'." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31211380.
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Harrop, Patrick H. "Inseminate architecture : an archontological reading of Athanasius Kircher's Turris Babel." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=56976.
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Among the vast assembly of Biblical mythology, the tower of Babel stands as an exclusive representation of the limits of human endeavor. As a paradigmatic extremity, it circumscribes the field of civic artifice. Babel is the absolute limit, and in that regard, its presence is enduring and timeless. The legacy of exegetic readings are textual shades, emanating from the point source of the paradigm. Athanasius Kircher's Turris Babel is an appropriate and intentional unfolding of this condition.Firstly, that in the awakening of the Baroque scholar to history, origin materializes as the sole legitimate chronological reference.
Secondly, that the paradigmatic extremities collapse into the empirical standard of the theoretical discourse.
This thesis is a speculative study of architecture, drawn through Turris Babel, in the shadow of the paradigmatic limits of Babel. Written in three parts, each dealing with the implications of artifice in confrontation with the post-Babel adversaries of dispersion, tyranny, and decay.
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Gruber, Thomas. "Ungodly paths : a history of the idea of the Three Impostors (Moses, Jesus, Mohammad) until 1300." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.729013.
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Barrell, Andrew David Martin. "Papal relations with Scotland and Northern England, 1342-70." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13584.
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In the period 1342-70 there were many points of contact between the Papacy and northern Britain. Papal taxes were numerous. Annates came to be the main source of revenue collected locally, but were hard to levy on account of difficulties in establishing liability; other taxes were paid with greater despatch. Examination of the careers of the papal collectors indicates both their power and the awkwardness of their position. Papal provisions were also numerous and affected a wide range of benefices. Expectative graces are examined, and success for a considerable number can be inferred. Some provisions led to bitter disputes, but many passed off smoothly, despite the existence in England of anti-papal statutes. These laws were all different in scope, but were enforced only where this suited leading laymen. Parliament was much more anti-papal than the government, even though in the 1340s diplomatic relations between England and the Holy See were poor on account of the king's actions against aliens beneficed in England. Although the powers of the royal courts were protected by this legislation, many benefice cases were heard at Avignon, and other disputes were settled by judges-delegate appointed by the pope. Analysis of papal contacts with the bishops shows how closely they were connected to the Holy See: most were appointed by the pope; they petitioned the pope for favours and were given many tasks to do in return. Even the regular clergy did not escape papal attention, although often the initiative came from monasteries who wanted confirmation of agreements or grants, or from individual religious who needed papal favour. Licences and dispensations were sought also by laymen, but more especially by clerks who were illegitimate, under-age or wanted to hold benefices in plurality. There is, however, little evidence of wantonness in the exercise of the papal dispensing power.
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Winterton, David E. (David Edward). "Toward a natural history of architecture : the vegetal culture of Viel de Saint-Maux." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22551.
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This thesis reflects on the Lettres sur l'Architechure of Viel de Saint-Maux, published in Paris in 1787. This period represents a crisis point at which classical architechure and a traditional means of relating-to-the-world had exhausted themselves. In the Lettres, St.-Maux privileges original agrarian societies who worship the natural force of fecundity and the agricultural bounty that results from it. He claims that this worship supplied the radical base for their iconographic and symbolic forms as applied to architecture. Viel de St.-Maux's privileging of the generative forces of nature as a site for sacred imagining and ritual constructions of the agricultural environment belie a relation to the methodology and epistemology of Natural History as formulated by the Comte de Buffon.Viel de Saint-Maux sought to resist the threat of an overweening rationality by valuing the wonderment cast by the discoveries of Science. He put his faith in natural science and applied this same compulsion to the ancient primitives who, he believed, knew divinely how to propitiate Nature and its fecundity. Fecundity and Agriculture become metaphors for cultural harmony, enlightenment and a re-fusion of the mystery of vitality into everyday life.
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Warneke, Sara. "A ship of shadows : images of the educational traveller in early modern England /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw278.pdf.
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Sjödin, Anna-Pya. "The Happening of Tradition : Vallabha on Anumāna in Nyāyalīlāvatī." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Linguistics and Philology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7417.
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The present dissertation is a translation and analysis of the chapter on anumāna in Vallabha’s Nyāyalīlāvatī, based on certain theoretical considerations on cross-cultural translation and the understanding of tradition. Adopting a non-essentialized and non-historicist conceptualization of the Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika/Navya-nyāya tradition, the work focuses on a reading of the anumāna chapter that is particularized and individualized. It further argues for a plurality of interpretative stances within the academic field of Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika/Navya-nyāya studies, on the grounds that the dominant stance has narrowed the scope of research. With reference to post-colonial theory, this dominant stance is understood in terms of a certain strategy called “mimetic translation”.
The study of the anumāna chapter consists of three main interpretational sections: translation, comments, and analysis. The translation and comments focus on understanding issues internal to the Nyāyalīlāvatī. The analysis focuses on a contextual interpretation insofar as the text is understood through reading other texts within the Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika/Navya-nyāya discourse. The analysis is further grounded in a concept of intertextuality in that it identifies themes, examples, and arguments appearing in other texts within the discourse. The analysis also identifies and discusses Cārvāka and Mīmāṁsaka arguments within the anumāna chapter.
Two important themes are discerned in the interpretation of the anumāna chapter: first, a differentiation between the apprehension of vyāpti and the warranting of this relation so as to make the apprehension suitable for a process of knowledge; second, that the sequential arrangement of the subject matter of the sections within the chapter, vyāptigraha, upādhi, tarka, and parāmarśa, reflects the process of coming to inferential knowledge.
The present work is a contribution to the understanding of the post-Udayana and pre-Gaṅgeśa Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika/Navya-nyāya discourse on inferential knowledge and it is written in the hope of provoking more research on that particular period and discourse in the history of Indian philosophies.
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Feldman, Linda Ellen. "The good Hausvater : patriarchal elements and the depiction of women in three works by Grimmelshausen." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=73974.
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Wittenberg, Hermann. "The sublime, imperialism and the African landscape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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In this dissertation the author argued for a postcolonial reading of the sublime that takes into account the racial and gendered underpinnings of Immanuel Kant's and Edmund Burke's classic theories. The thesis used the understanding of the sublime as a lens for an analysis of the cultural politics of landscape in a range of late imperial and early modern texts about Africa. A re-reading of Henry Morton Stanley's central African exploration narratives, John Buchan's African fiction and political writing, and later texts such as Alan Paton's fiction, autobiographies and travel writing, together with an analysis of colonial mountaineering discourse, suggest that non-metropolitan discourses of the sublime, far from being an outmoded rhetoric, could manage and contain the contradictions inherent in the aesthetic appreciation and appropriation of contested colonial landscapes.
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Sillett, Andrew James. "A learned man and a patriot : the reception of Cicero in the early imperial period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a5463abd-1626-4331-9393-00282c4bcff7.
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This thesis is a literary study of how the life and works of Marcus Tullius Cicero were received in the century that followed his death. There are two ways of understanding the importance of such a study: the first is to think of it as a vital first step in assessing Cicero's impact on European thought and literature; the second is to see it as a study of how the people of early imperial Rome interacted with their Republican past. In order to provide a broad overview of this subject, I have chosen to focus on three separate areas of imperial literature which together provide a representative snapshot of Roman literary activity in this period. The period in question is essentially an extended Augustan age: beginning with Cicero's death ending in the reign of Tiberius. The first area of imperial literature under consideration is historiography. This section begins with a consideration of Sallust's decision to downplay Cicero's role in defeating the Catilinarian Conspiracy, ultimately concluding that this is authorial posturing on Sallust's part, a reflection of Cicero's importance in the years immediately following his death. This is followed by a chapter on the presence of Ciceronian allusions in Livy, arguing that they were a key means by which he enriched his narrative of the Hannibalic war. It concludes with two chapters on historiographical descriptions of Cicero's death, noting that these treatments become markedly more hagiographic the further one progresses into Tiberius' Principate. The second area under consideration is rhetoric, specifically focussing on the prominence of the declamation hall in this era. The three chapters in this section study the testimony of Valerius Maximus and Seneca the Elder, both of whom bear witness to Cicero's fundamental importance to this institution. The section concludes that the world of declamation was the prime motor for the hagiographic treatments of Cicero that was noted in the later historical accounts of his death. The third and final section considers the poetry of the Augustan era, demonstrating that a process of declining sophistication is not the whole story in Cicero's reception. By looking at Virgil and Ovid's intertextual relationships with Cicero, this section demonstrates that he was a rich source of inspiration for some of the ancient world's most erudite authors.
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Driskill, Richard T. "Madonna, maiden and martyr : models of femininity in some early works of André Gide and D.H. Lawrence." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14828.
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This dissertation studies certain similarities between some early Bildungsroman of D. H. Lawrence and André Gide. In Lawrence's Sons and Lovers and The Rainbow, and Gide's L'lmmoraliste and La Porte étroite, the authors explore the destructive effects of cultural "Icons", narrowly codified gender roles, upon sensitive young European women at the turn of the century. Through an intricate subtext of allusive imagery, postures, language, and "mythical" patterns, Lawrence and Gide imply that a patristic Christianity had somehow enlisted certain strains of Romance to fashion a pervasive cultural code that encouraged young women to be virginal, passive, and receptive to suffering. The young female protagonists look to their roles as Madonna, Maiden, and Martyr as an escape from a provincial world that offers little to their "over brimming" souls. Ironically, it is their Knight-Christs, the "mentors" who propose to teach them about the higher world, who imprison them further. Pretending to elevate them to the status of Spiritual Muse to inspire the male quest for selfhood, the lovers demand of their Madonna-Maidens a passivity whereby suffering is their only "heroic" act. Male-sculpted models of femininity, then, make it impossible for young women to pursue their own quests for the authentic "self". The final tragedy for the young women comes when their opposite numbers awaken from Romance's pregenital spring to what Lawrence calls "blood-consciousness". The Maidens' Knight-Christs now find restrictive their spiritual lovers and desire instead the initiation into the "flesh" preached by a new cultural code, that of Nietzsche et al. Lawrence's and Gide's young female characters, then, serve as exemplars of an entire generation of young women destroyed in this teleological shift to a new cultural ethos, one in which, suddenly, their "virtues" are judged vices, all they had been presented to them as "natural" is deemed "unnatural".
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Li, Rui. "Martino Martini's Novus Atlas Sinensis and its Chinese source materials :a comparison of the list of China's main administrative divisions." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954077.
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Mah, Kai Wood. "Architecture and domestic culture in eighteenth-century China." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19665.
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This thesis examines architectural discourse and spatial practices as manifestations and experiences of order in eighteenth-century Qing dynasty China. It reviews the development of the historiography of Chinese architectural history as an academic discipline, and proposes that in the Qing there was an unprecedented rupture between domestic architectural style from that of the court. An alternative design strategy in spatial planning and detailing was adopted. It is argued that the Qing architectural discourse, its intertextuality, was implicitly linked to the historical formation of the Qing self, and that it was pivotal to the rise of domestic culture. The study approaches architecture as historical statements and arguments, and focuses on the production of space, human agency, gender, and subject positioning in early modern China. The study analyzes the Yugong mansion, Beijing, the Rong mansion in the Qing novel The Dream of the Red Chamber, and the Manchu imperial city, as examples.
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Aist, Rodney. "Willibald of Eichstätt (700-787 CE) and Christian topography of early Islamic Jerusalem." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683272.
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Ehinger, Jessica Lee. "Religious communities of the Near East from Roman to Islamic rule : sectarianism and identity in an age of transition (5th-8th C)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:be6411d6-21ef-49e8-8c90-f15b90bf22fe.
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This study endeavors to set Christian writing about Islam from the period of the Islamic expansion in the broader context of Christian theological development in Late Antiquity. To this end, this study traces elements of continuity in Christian thought from the Christological debates of the fifth and sixth century, particularly from the Council of Chalcedon in 451and the resulting emergence of the communities of Chalcedonians and anti-Chalcedonian Monophysites as the dominant strands of Christianity in the Near East at the rise of Islam. In order to understand how Christians began to integrate the Islamic expansion into their thinking, this study focuses particularly on Christian writings about Islam and the descriptions of Muslims in Christian writings from the rise of lslam, through the seventh and early eighth centuries, up to the Abbasid revolution in 750. It also considers the contemporary descriptions of Christians in the Qur'an, in order to illustrate that these descriptions have both a different starting point and a different focus, suggesting that both Christian discussions about Muslims and Muslim discussions about Christians were internal discussions, taking place within each tradition, and do not represent true inter-religious dialogue. In this way, this study attempts to illustrate how the rise of lslam, the emergence of the caliphate and the resulting separation of the Near Eastern churches from the Christian hierarchy in Rome and Constantinople influenced Christian identity in the Near East. The writings of the seventh century, and the Christian identity they preserve, emerge as a hybrid, integrating elements of the competing, pre-Islamic concerns of doctrinal purity versus church unity, but also attempting to address, in a variety of ways, the initial fear over Muslim victory and the eventual acceptance of Muslim rule as the new status quo in the Near East.
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Seton, Gregory Max. "Defining wisdom : Ratnākaraśānti's Sāratamā." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9c168639-e2f8-4550-b515-e93a41c95045.
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This thesis examines Ratnakarasanti's (ca. 970-1045 C.E.) explication of Prajnaparamita in his doxographical works and his Saratama. Based on extant Sanskrit and Tibetan primary sources, it argues that Ratnakarasanti's main teacher was Dharmakirtisri (late 10th C.E.) and that Ratnakarasanti's Saratama sought to replace his teacher's Yogacara-Madhyamika framework with a causal explanation of Prajnaparamita through redefining the term Prajnaparamita as the path to awakening, rather than its goal. By unpacking that causal explanation in light of his broader system, the thesis demonstrates the way that Ratnakarasanti's own version of Nirakaravadin-Yogacara-Madhyamika refutes cognitive images (akara) as unreal ultimately, but claims they are still perceived by buddhas out of compassion. This conclusion debunks the long-standing theory that Ratnakarasanti was an Indian proponent of the controversial Tibetan gZhan-stong despite later gZhan-stong propon-ents' attempts to claim him as their own. There are two parts to the study. The first part introduces Ratnakarasanti's life, philosophy and doxography based upon evidence from a Tibetan colophon to his Madhyamika commentary and the Tibetan hagiography of his student Adhisa (a.k.a. Atisa) and upon a comparative analysis of his doxographical works that are prerequisites for reading his Saratama. The second part consists of an annotated translation of the Saratama's introductory section, contrasted with the prior standard interpretation by Haribhadra's (9th century C.E.). In the two appendices are included a Tibetan critical edition and a separate hybrid Sanskrit and Tibetan critical edition of the Saratama's first parivarta based on the extant 11th and 13th century incomplete MSS and on the Tibetan translations in the sDe dge, Peking and sNarthang editions. The hybrid edition also includes my provisional critical edition of the root text - i.e. the first parivarta of the Aryasta - sahasrikaprajnaparamitasutra - and my own translation of two small sample sections of the Saratama, which are extant only in Tibetan, back into Sanskrit.
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Zafeiris, Konstantinos. "The 'Synopsis Chronike' and its place in the Byzantine chronicle tradition : its sources (Creation – 1081 CE)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/457.
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The subject of this thesis is the Synopsis Chronike (or Synopsis Sathas), a Byzantine chronicle of the thirteenth century that conveys the history of the world, starting from Adam and concluding with the recapture of Constantinople in 1261. The study focuses on the first part of the text (Adam – Nikephoros Botaneiates), and more specifically on the comprehensive presentation and analysis of the whole corpus of its sources, passage by passage, in order to reconstruct the background of the chronicle and to determine its place in the Byzantine chronicle tradition. Following the introductory first chapter, which sets out the aims of the thesis and establishes its methodology, chapter two offers an overview of the chronicle itself, and a first discussion of the main issues it presents: the key characteristics of its narrative structure, its manuscript tradition, and – mainly – the problem of its authorship, with special reference to the commonly supposed author, Theodore Skoutariotes, bishop of Kyzikos. Chapter three conveys a detailed presentation of the results of our research; following the discussion of the sources and influences of the proem, it attempts to place each passage of the Synopsis Chronike in the context of any related texts, which are then identified as 'main sources', 'other sources' and 'parallel passages', depending on their link to the Synopsis Chronike. Chapter four discusses individually each text that appears as a source of the Synopsis Chronike, and locates its place amongst the whole corpus of the sources. Furthermore, it examines the passages for which we were not able to identify a main source, and suggests possible sources that have not survived. Finally, the concluding chapter of the thesis summarises the earlier discussion, and attempts to combine the different pieces of information, and to provide an overall picture of the background of the Synopsis Chronike in order to establish – to the degree that it is possible – its position in the Byzantine chronicle tradition.
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Allen, Katherine June. "Manuscript recipe collections and elite domestic medicine in eighteenth century England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7c96c4db-2d18-4cff-bedc-f80558d57322.
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Collecting recipes was an established tradition that continued in elite English households throughout the eighteenth century. This thesis is on medical recipes and advice, and it addresses the evolution of recipe collecting from the seventeenth century and throughout the eighteenth century. It investigates elite domestic medicine within a cultural history of medicine framework and uses social and material history approaches to reveal why elites continued to collect medical recipes, given the commercialisation of medicine. This thesis contends that the meaning of domestic medicine must be understood within a wider context of elite healthcare in order to appreciate how the recipe collecting tradition evolved alongside cultural shifts, and shifts within the medical economy. My re-appraisal of the meaning of domestic medicine gives elite healthcare a clearer role within the narrative of the social history of medicine. Elite healthcare was about choice. Wealthy individuals had economic agency in consumerism, and recipe compilers interacted with new sources of information and products; recipe books are evidence of this consumer engagement. In addition to being household objects, recipe books had cultural significance as heirlooms, and as objects of literacy, authority, and creativity. A crucial reason for the continuation of the recipe collecting tradition was due to its continued engagement with cultural attitudes towards social obligation, knowledge exchange, taste, and sociability as an intellectual pursuit. Positioning the household as an important space of creativity, experiment, and innovation, this thesis reinforces domestic medicine as an important part of the interconnected histories of science and medicine. This thesis moreover contributes to the social history of eighteenth-century England by demonstrating the central role domestic medicine had in elite healthcare, and reveals the elite reception of the commercialisation of medicine from a consumer perspective through an investigation of personal records of intellectual pastimes and patient experiences.
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Drinnon, David A. "The apocalyptic tradition in Scotland, 1588-1688." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3386.
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Throughout the seventeenth century, numerous Scots became convinced that the major political and religious upheavals of their age signified the fulfillment of, or further unfolding of, the vivid prophecies described in the Book of Revelation which foretell of the final consummation of all things. To date, however, an in-depth analysis of the evolution of Scottish apocalyptic belief during the seventeenth century has never been undertaken. This thesis utilizes a wide variety of source material to demonstrate the existence of a cohesive, persistent, and largely conservative tradition of apocalyptic thought in Scotland that spanned the years 1588 to 1688. Chapter One examines several influential commentaries on the Book of Revelation published by notable Scots during the decades either side of the Union of Crowns. These works reveal many of the principal characteristics that formed the basis of the Scottish apocalyptic tradition. The most important of these traits which became a consistent feature of the tradition was the rejection of millenarianism. In recent years, historians have exaggerated the influence of millenarian ideals in Scotland during the Covenanting movement which began in 1638. Chapter Two argues that Scottish Covenanters consistently denounced millenarianism as a dangerous, subversive doctrine that could lead to the religious radicalism espoused by sixteenth-century German Anabaptists. Chapter Three looks at political and religious factors which led to the general decline of apocalyptic expectancy in Scotland during the Interregnum. It also demonstrates how, despite this decline, Scottish apocalyptic thinkers continued to uphold the primary traits of the apocalyptic tradition which surfaced over the first half of the century. Lastly, Chapter Four explains how state-enforced religious persecution of Scottish Presbyterians during the Restoration period led to the radicalisation of the tradition and inspired the violent actions of Covenanter extremists who believed they had been chosen by God to act as instruments of his divine vengeance in the latter-days.
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Karamustafa, Ahmet T. 1956. "Vāḥīdī's Menāḳıb-i Ḥvoca-i Cihān ve Netīce-i Cān : critical edition and historical analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74032.
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Caixeta, Bruna Pereira 1990. "Man in the Moone (Londres, 1638) : utopia, ciência e política no pensamento de Francis Godwin." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269928.
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Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Ornelas BerrielDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Alguns anos antes da deflagração da Revolução Inglesa de 1640, que na Inglaterra deporia o regime monárquico e daria aos puritanos o controle de um regime pretensamente republicano, ocorreria uma série de erros políticos que contribuiriam para os conflitos que levaram à Guerra Civil. Boa parte deles adveio da política pró-Espanha assumida pelos dois primeiros reis Stuart, Jaime I e Carlos I, que, entre outras ações, não apoiaram as classes protestantes nas suas empresas de comercialização e colonização de mercados no exterior, deixando a situação econômica do país negativa. Diante do iminente fenecimento do regime monárquico, da Igreja Anglicana alicerçada no sistema episcopal e de aliança ao Estado, do perigo da Inglaterra se tornar domínio espanhol, Francis Godwin compõe por volta de 1629, publicado seu texto em 1638, a ficção utópica "The Man in the Moone". Sumarizando todo o conflito religioso e os deslizes do governo dos primeiros Stuart que caracterizou a Inglaterra nos 40 primeiros anos do século XVII, o presente estudo objetivará mostrar que essa ficção do espanhol Domingo Gonsales na sua viagem à lua, na passagem pela fictícia ilha de Santa Helena e pela China ocupada por jesuítas, debatendo as teorias de Copérnico, Galileu, Gilbert e Kepler na área da astronomia, se pretendeu uma defesa e proteção da Igreja Anglicana e do regime monárquico Tudor que aliava a Igreja ao Estado e favorecia a economia. Através do exemplo disciplinado e inovador dos jesuítas em missão na China no início do século XVII, Godwin intentará advertir os confusos reis, que a saída para os conflitos internos e externos ingleses estava no livre desenvolvimento da ciência, do comércio, e, agora diferente dos jesuítas, numa política adversária à Espanha e à mentalidade medieval e obsoleta católica
Abstract: Some years before the outbreak of the English Revolution of 1640, testifying that in England the monarchy and the Puritans would control an allegedly republican regime, there were a series of errors that contribute to political conflicts that led to the Civil War. Most of them came from the pro-Spanish political assumed by the first two Stuart kings, James I and Charles I, who, among other things, did not support the Protestant classes in their trading enterprises and colonization of overseas markets, leaving the economic situation of the country negative. Faced with the imminent withering of the monarchy, the Anglican Episcopal Church founded on the alliance with the State, the danger of Britain becoming a Spanish colony, Francis Godwin composed around 1629 and his text published in 1638, the utopian fiction "The Man in the Moone". Summarizing all the religious conflict and glides early Stuart England that characterized the first 40 years of the seventeenth century, this study will aim to show that this fiction of Spanish Domingo Gonsales on your trip to the moon, in his passage by the fictional island of Santa Helena and China populated by Jesuits, debating the theories of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler and Gilbert in the field of astronomy, sought a defense and protection of the Anglican Church and the Tudor monarchy that allied the Church to the State and favored the economy. Through disciplined and innovative example of the Jesuit mission in China in the early seventeenth century, Godwin will bring and warn the confused kings, that the output for the English internal and external conflicts was the investment in science, commerce, and now different from the Jesuits, in opposition to Spain and the Catholic medieval mentality and obsolete policy
Mestrado
Historia e Historiografia Literaria
Mestra em Teoria e História Literária
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Wuidar, Laurence. "Musique et hermétisme après le concile de Trente: astrologie et canons énigmes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210717.
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Etude des relations entre musique et astrologie par (1) un panorama européen de la présence de l’astrologie dans les traités de théorie musicale de la fin du 15ème siècle au début du 18ème siècle (Burzio, Gaffurio, Finck, Zarlino, Mersenne et l’horoscope du parfait musicien, Bartolus, Werckmeister) et dans les « Accademie » italiennes (l’Academia Ortolana d’Antonfrancesco Doni et l’Academia dei Gelati de Bologne), (2) l’étude des écrits astrologiques manuscrits et édités de compositeurs Italiens du 17ème siècle (Zacconi, Osio, P. F. Valentini) et (3) le décodage de l’astrologie dans un corpus de partitions musicales (analyse de Milleville, « Madrigali », 1617 ;Strozzi, « Elementorum », 1683 ;des sonates « Zodiacus Musicus »…). Lue en parallèle avec les énigmes musicales et « canoni enigmatici » italiens du 17ème siècle étudiés sous l’angle de l’expression de l’hermétisme et de l’ésotérisme musical. Les fonctions sociales, sacrées et symboliques de cette forme musicale ainsi que des caractéristiques esthétiques et herméneutiques propres au 17ème siècle se dégagent de l’analyse des sources (analyses détaillées des œuvres de Romano Micheli, du manuscrit de canons de P. F. Valentini et du manuscrit des « Hiéroglyphes musicaux » de Zacconi ;présentation des manuscrits de canons énigmes conservés au Museo Civico Musicale de Bologne (Nanino, Agostini, Costanzo Porta, Milanta, Martini, Mattei) et analyse des énigmes dans les messes romaines, Anerio, Soriano, Agostini…). Plus de 80 sources manuscrites (Venise, Pesaro, Milan, Bologne, Rome, Vatican, Londres) et de 120 sources anciennes (Agrippa, Bruno, Cardano, Ficino, Kircher ;Banchieri, Cerreto, Liberati, Rodio, Steffani…), 44 reproductions hors texte.Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Roberts, Edward. "Flodoard of Rheims and the tenth century." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4498.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a study of the works of the historian Flodoard of Rheims (893/4–966), author of two substantial prose narratives (Annales and Historia Remensis ecclesiae) and an epic verse history (De triumphis Christi). Flodoard is the only major Frankish chronicler of his day, so his accounts of the political history of the West Frankish, Ottonian and Italian kingdoms are of paramount importance to modern scholars. Flodoard's Annales have been considered a reliable and neutral account of contemporary affairs, so historians have been content to mine them for ‘facts' informing wider debates concerning the history of late Carolingian Europe. Additionally, he has been judged a conscientious, source-driven archivist: his Historia Remensis ecclesiae preserves an abundance of otherwise-lost documentary sources which has been used by scholars to illuminate the church of Rheims' illustrious history. However, Flodoard was an actor on the highest political stage. He spent time at royal courts, travelled to Rome, and regularly communicated with the leading political and intellectual figures of his day. He was also deeply enmeshed in the affairs of the powerful archbishopric of Rheims. This study demonstrates that Flodoard's histories are not easily extricated from the context of his own turbulent career. It argues that Flodoard cannot be understood without reference to the vicissitudes of the complex political environment in which he operated. By taking Flodoard on his own terms and situating his historical works in their appropriate political and intellectual contexts, this thesis challenges the conventional way we read Flodoard, asking what kind of information we can reliably interrogate him for, whom his audiences were, why he wrote history at all and whether he is truly representative of his age.
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Gellerstedt, Kristina. "Okänd Fotograf : En arkivstudie om den gotländska fotografen Laura Stenmans liv och fotografiska arbete under sekelskiftet 1900." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-409695.
Full textAbstract:
In this essay we follow a professional female photographer on the island of Gotland in Sweden around the turn of the twentieth century. The story of Laura Stenman’s life has for a long time been hidden, but through literature- and archival studies, her biographical story was pieced together and revealed during the winter of 2019. Through this essay her family life and photographic work has emerged. In parallel, a piece of the history of photography and the first photographers on Gotland are revealed. The essay highlights the educational opportunities and advice available to those interested in photography at this time. It also describes the photographic studios that Laura Stenman and her second husband worked in. How the studio was planned and what inventories you would find in them. It also describes which assignments were the most common, which customers they had, how they communicated with the customers and how they found new ones. The economic conditions and aspects both for the photographer and the person to be portrayed, were of the utmost importance, and this is also being discussed. Some of the photographic pictures that Laura Stenman made were found and studied in detail in order to find patterns in her work. The essay also highlights how both the married and unmarried women were affected by changes in two big reforms in Sweden. First in 1846 when new opportunities arose for those who wanted to carry on activities in the craft profession, and second in 1864 when a business freedom regulation was introduced. Laura Stenman was married twice an both marriages changed her life and her history in different directions which is also being discussed throughout the essay.I denna uppsats får vi följa en kvinnlig yrkesverksam fotograf på Gotland under sekelskiftet 1900. Laura Stenmans historia var länge dold men genom litteratur- och arkivstudier pusslades hennes biografiska skelett under vintern 2019 åter samman. En bild av hennes familjeliv och fotografiska arbete utkristalliserade sig. Parallellt har frågor om när fotokonsten och fotograferna egentligen kom till Gotland och vilka de första fotograferna var, besvarats. Vilka utbildningsmöjligheter och råd fanns för den intresserade vid denna tid?Arbetet beskriver de fotoateljéer som Laura Stenman och hennes andra man var aktiva i. Vart de byggdes upp, hur de planerades, fungerade och vad som fanns i dem. Även vilka fotografernas vanligaste uppdrag var, vilka kunder de hade, hur de kommunicerade med dem och hittade nya. De ekonomiska förutsättningarna och aspekterna både för fotografen och den som skulle låta sig avporträtteras var av allra största vikt vilket också diskuteras. Ett antal fotografiska visitkort som Laura Stenman lämnat efter sig studerades närmare. Vid 1846 års reform avskaffades skråväsendet i Sverige vilket gav nya möjligheter för den som ville bedriva verksamhet inom hantverksyrken och 1864 infördes sedan näringsfrihetsförordning. Uppsatsen lyfter hur både gifta och ogifta kvinnor påverkades av detta. Laura Stenman själv var gift två gånger och dessa giftermål påverkade hennes liv och historieskrivning i olika riktningar vilket har diskuterats genom hela arbetet.
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Katz, Jordan Rebekah. "Jewish Midwives, Medicine and the Boundaries of Knowledge in Early Modern Europe, 1650-1800." Thesis, 2020. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-s3vz-pk87.
Full textAbstract:
Employed as midwives, wise women, or healers, female medical practitioners of various faiths disseminated medical knowledge and supplied information pertinent to religious and legal rulings in early modern Europe. While scholars have noted this role for Christian women, they have not studied the unique position of female Jewish healers with regard to municipal regulations, communal politics, medical knowledge, and legal consultations. This dissertation examines the role and influence of Jewish midwives in early modern Western Europe, addressing their interactions with communal leaders, physicians, Christian medical practitioners, and bureaucrats. Exploring their medical influences, their engagement with administrative knowledge systems, and their intellectual status in the eyes of prominent male leaders, this dissertation demonstrates that attention to the roles of Jewish midwives yields new understandings of the structures of knowledge and authority that undergirded early modern European society.
Through archival and printed sources in Hebrew, Yiddish, Dutch, and German, the dissertation argues that Jewish midwives offer a crucial analytical lens for understanding many of the shifts in early modern Jewish communal life, medical culture, gender relations, and municipal bureaucracy. It tells the story of how a discrete body of knowledge crossed medical, legal, religious, and linguistic boundaries, allowing Jewish women to become guardians of sensitive information and powerful agents of communal authority. Drawing upon a diverse source base, ranging from notarial records and archives of medical colleges, to Jewish communal registers, personal records, midwifery handbooks, and printed rabbinic sources, I show how female Jewish medical practitioners fit into the larger landscape of medical practice in early modern Europe, as well as the ways that Jewish communal structures carved out unique roles for Jewish midwives during this period. Employing methods from the history of science, gender studies, and Jewish history, my study shows that Jewish midwives became part of an international system of scientific communication, whose content flowed between vernacular and elite practitioners. This dissertation thus sheds new light on the ways in which the inclusion of women as subjects, and gender as a lens, presents a landscape of knowledge-making and transmission whose boundaries are more expansive.
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Warneke, Sara. "A ship of shadows : images of the educational traveller in early modern England / by Sara Warneke." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/19368.
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"漢代居延肩水地區烽隧分布及郵路考述." 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894230.
Full textAbstract:
曹玉騫."2009年8月".
"2009 nian 8 yue".
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-133).
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Cao Yuqian.
引言 --- p.1
Chapter 第一章 --- 河西地區出土簡牘硏究回顧 --- p.3
附：河西四郡建置過程及兩關位置考述 --- p.17
Chapter 第一節 --- 四郡的建置年代 --- p.18
Chapter 第二節 --- 兩關位置考述 --- p.25
Chapter 第二章 --- 居延都尉下轄殄北候官、甲渠候官之烽隧及分布狀況 --- p.30
Chapter 第一節 --- 殄北候官烽隧建置 --- p.31
Chapter 第二節 --- 甲渠候官烽隧建置及方位分布 --- p.37
Chapter 第三章 --- 居延都尉下轄卅井候官之烽隧及分布狀況 --- p.51
Chapter 第四章 --- 肩水都尉下轄各候官之烽隧及邊塞分布狀況 --- p.66
Chapter 第一節 --- 廣地候官烽隧建置 --- p.66
Chapter 第二節 --- 橐他候官烽隧建置 --- p.68
Chapter 第三節 --- 肩水候官烽隧建置 --- p.70
Chapter 第四節 --- 肩水都尉轄區其它候官 --- p.83
Chapter 第五章 --- 居延、肩水地區郵路走向考述 --- p.85
Chapter 第一節 --- 居延都尉轄區郵驛里程考析 --- p.85
Chapter 第二節 --- 肩水都尉轄區郵驛里程考析 --- p.98
Chapter 第六章 --- 居延、肩水地區的烽隧及郵路建設與漢代邊防的關係 --- p.106
總結 --- p.119
附圖一今日甘肅省與漢代涼州剌史部所轄區域之比較 --- p.123
附圖二漢代河西地區塹壕、塞墙分布與郵路走向 --- p.123
附圖三張掖郡居延都尉轄區烽隧分布圖 --- p.124
附圖四張掖郡肩水都尉轄區烽隧分布圖 --- p.125
附圖五張掖郡居延、肩水兩都尉轄區烽隧分布全圖 --- p.126
附圖六張掖郡居延一一肩水地區郵路走向圖 --- p.127
參考書目 --- p.128
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"漢代并州和河東郡的地方精英研究." 2008. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893819.
Full textAbstract:
施卓凌."2008年8月".
"2008 nian 8 yue".
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (leave 307-323)
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Shi Zhuoling.
Chapter 第一章、 --- 問題的提出 --- p.1
Chapter 一、 --- 命題界定 --- p.1
Chapter 1. --- 地方精英的涵義 --- p.1
Chapter 2. --- 并州和河東郡 --- p.28
Chapter 二、 --- 前人研究回顧 --- p.33
Chapter 第二章、 --- 仕途的開放與并州地方精英 --- p.44
Chapter 一、 --- 官秩等級對精英行為的規範 --- p.44
Chapter 1. --- 官制與爵制 --- p.44
Chapter 2. --- 官秩和爵秩為綱的秩序 --- p.56
Chapter 二、 --- 并州地方精英的入仕情況 --- p.74
Chapter 1. --- 核心區：河東郡和太原郡 --- p.75
Chapter 2. --- 中間區：上黨、上郡、西河和北地郡 --- p.81
Chapter 3. --- 邊緣區(1):雲中、鴈門和代郡 --- p.84
Chapter 4. --- 邊陲區(2):定襄、五原和朔方 --- p.89
Chapter 第三章、 --- 并州政治精英的個案硏究 --- p.93
Chapter 一、 --- 河東裴氏 --- p.93
Chapter 二、 --- 上郡鮮于氏 --- p.100
Chapter 三、 --- 上黨馮氏 --- p.105
Chapter 四、 --- 和林格爾墓主 --- p.117
Chapter 五、 --- 樓煩班氏 --- p.122
Chapter 第四章、 --- 并州精英：富商與豪傑 --- p.131
Chapter 一、 --- 富商 --- p.131
Chapter 二、 --- 豪傑 --- p.169
Chapter 第五章、 --- 并州地方叛亂與地方精英 --- p.187
總結 --- p.212
附錄 --- p.222
附錄1〈前四史所見賜吏爵表〉 --- p.222
附錄2〈張家山漢簡中的名田制及繼承法表〉 --- p.224
附錄3〈并州和河東郡官員籍貫統計〉 --- p.225
Chapter 3.1 --- 〈并州和河東郡官員籍貫表〉 --- p.229
Chapter 3.2 --- 〈西漢六百石或以上官員統計圖〉 --- p.254
Chapter 3.3 --- 〈東漢六百石或以上官員統計圖〉 --- p.255
Chapter 3.4 --- 〈兩漢六百石或以上官員比較統計圖〉 --- p.256
Chapter 3.5 --- 〈兩漢六百石或以上官員統計圖〉 --- p.257
Chapter 3.6 --- 〈兩漢二千石或以上官員統計圖〉 --- p.258
Chapter 3.7 --- 〈并州二百石或以上官員分佈圖〉 --- p.259
附錄4〈考衛尉貞侯殘石碑陰〉 --- p.260
Chapter 4.1 --- 〈考衛尉貞侯殘石碑陰初步釋文〉 --- p.261
附錄5〈山西夏縣王村東漢壁畫(部分)〉 --- p.262
附錄6〈漢代并州和河東郡交通考〉 --- p.266
附錄7〈兩漢并州和河東郡外族入侵年表〉 --- p.298
參考書目 --- p.307
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Lundy, Steven James. "Language, nature, and the politics of Varro’s De lingua Latina." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22057.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation is a historical analysis of Varro’s De Lingua Latina, a linguistic treatise composed in the 40s BCE during Rome’s transition from oligarchic Republican government to the monarchic settlement of the Augustan Principate. I advance a reading which restores contemporary political and intellectual context to the treatise, complementing and revising previous scholarship which has traditionally focused on the Greek philosophical pedigree of Varro’s work. As such, I explore Varro’s thematic emphasis on natura (‘Nature’) in his linguistic programme, which, as a term with wide-ranging intertextual functions, embodies its complex philosophical, political, and literary character.
This five-chapter dissertation is subdivided between the surviving books on etymology (Chapters 1-3) and inflection (Chapters 4-5). In Chapter 1 (“Organisation and Meaning in Varro’s Etymologies”), I explore Varro’s etymologies in De Lingua Latina, Books 5-7, and explain how his programmatic emphasis on natural philosophy conveys his unique etymological authority. In Chapter 2 (“Grammatical Discourse in De Lingua Latina”), I consider Varro’s reception of grammatical techniques of etymological exegesis, elucidating his preference for philosophical readings of poetry and the social value of literary sophistication in the late Republic. Chapter 3 (“Ethnography and Identity in Varro’s Etymologies”) develops Varro’s etymological project as a kind of ethnography of the Roman people, which contextualises Varro’s philosophical intervention in the changing circumstances of his era.
Chapters 4-5 are devoted to an analysis of Books 8-10, in which Varro describes his theory of morphological inflection (declinatio naturalis) as a platform for Latin linguistic standardisation. In Chapter 4 (“Declinatio and Linguistic Standardisation in the late Republic”), I survey the politics of linguistic standardisation in the late Republic. Mediating in a debate between Cicero and Caesar, I describe Varro’s nuanced revision of existing models of analogical inflection, and characterise his use of natura to explain linguistic standards. In Chapter 5 (“Linguistic Analogy and Natural Ratio in De Lingua Latina, Books 8-10”), I relate Varro’s linguistic innovations to contemporary shifts in cultural authority, and demonstrate how his transference of linguistic standardisation to philosophy entails a radical reorganisation of the existing political status quo.text
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Riesbeck, David J. 1980. "Monarchy and political community in Aristotle's Politics." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-05-5032.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation re-examines a set of long-standing problems that arise from Aristotle’s defense of kingship in the Politics. Scholars have argued for over a century that Aristotle’s endorsement of sole rule by an individual of outstanding excellence is incompatible with his theory of distributive justice and his very conception of a political community. Previous attempts to resolve this apparent contradiction have failed to ease the deeper tensions between the idea of the polis as a community of free and equal citizens sharing in ruling and being ruled and the vision of absolute kingship in which one man rules over others who are merely ruled. I argue that the so-called “paradox of monarchy” emerges from misconceptions and insufficiently nuanced interpretations of kingship itself and of the more fundamental concepts of community, rule, authority, and citizenship. Properly understood, Aristotelian kingship is not a form of government that concentrates power in the hands of a single individual, but an arrangement in which free citizens willingly invest that individual with a position of supreme authority without themselves ceasing to share in rule. Rather than a muddled appendage tacked on to the Politics out of deference to Macedon or an uncritical adoption of Platonic utopianism, Aristotle’s defense of kingship is a piece of ideal theory that serves in part to undermine
the pretensions of actual or would-be monarchs, whether warrior- or philosopher-kings.text
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Sahib, Muzdalifah. "Shayh Yusuf Al-Maqassari's literary contribution with a special attention to his Matalib Al-Salikin (The Quests of the spiritual seekers)." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27388.
Full textAbstract:
The importance of this research on the life of Shaykh Yūsuf‟s life and legacy is eviden t from the
depth of the reports on "Shaykh Yūsuf al-Maqassarī’s literary contribution with a special attention
to his Maṭālib al-Sālikῑn [The Quests of the Spiritual Seekers].” We contend that without a
comprehensive knowledge of it, some of the subtleties and nuances of the Shaykh as well as his
treatises will remain concealed from us.
I utilised the comprehensive religious historical and philological approaches following the
methodology of Sultan, Nabilah Lubis, and Suleman Essop Dangor to complement al-Maqassarī‟s
history, his literary contribution in general and to gain the essence of his Maṭālib al-Sālikῑn through
commentaries. I also used hermeneutic‟s theory for interpreting some of the texts.
Shaykh Yūsuf (1626-1699) is considered a national hero of Indonesia and South Africa. His
movements from Gowa South Sulawesi to other countries including the Middle East were
motivated by his wish to deepen his understanding of Islamic mysticism. This was supported by his
local teachers and the needs of Gowa Kingdom for a qualified Islamic scholar to convert its
animistic society into real and fervent Muslims. This responsibility fostered in him a sense of
bravery and adventure, and he ended up wandering around the world in search of knowledge. In
their purpose to rule the East Indian countries and remove his influence over his fellow citizens,
the Dutch banished Shaykh Yūsuf initially to Ceylon and then to Cape of Good Hope, South Africa
(1684-1699). He left behind a large body of literary contributions, many of them still preserved at
UB Leiden and the National Library of Jakarta.
His Maṭālib al-Sālikῑn holds a special place among his literary contributions. It discusses three
important issues that are illustrated with parables which should be understood by spiritual seekers;
namely tawḥῑd, ma‘rifa, and „ibāda {Divine Knowledge, Divine Recognition and Worship]. They
constitute a tree with leaves, branches, and fruit. Its practitioners are directed to the Oneness of
God and to none other. These teachings have become a foundation of his reformist ideas and a
basis to build his Islamic community in South Africa and finally to be implemented in his own ṣūfī
order, Ṭarīqat al-Yūsufiyya/Khalwatiyyat al-Yūsufiyya.Religious Studies and Arabic
D. Litt. et Phil. (Islamic Studies)