Journal articles on the topic 'Women Health and hygiene Saudi Arabia'
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Musaiger, Abdulrahman O., Mariam Al-Mannai, and Eman Abduljawad. "Association of oral hygiene habits and food intake with the risk of dental caries among undergraduate university women in Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 26, no. 4 (November 1, 2014): 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2013-0337.
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Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of dental caries in relation to oral hygiene habits and food intake among women at university in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A sample of 935 undergraduate university women was selected from the King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A previously pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Odds ratios were calculated to estimate the risk of dental caries associated with oral hygiene and food intake. Results: The findings revealed that women who cleaned their teeth three times or more per day mostly cleaned their teeth after intake of sweets and chocolates, and had no gingivitis were at less risk of dental caries than other women (p=0.029, p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). The intake of milk, fruit and vegetables on 4 days or more per week was found to protect against dental caries (odds ratios=0.34, 0.64 and 0.73, respectively), whereas the intake of chocolate and soft drinks for the same period was found to be a risk factor for dental caries (odds ratios=1.8 and 1.4, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study are useful for public health intervention programs to combat dental caries in the Saudi community.
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AlEnizi, Miaad AlRawi, Farida Habib, and Nagwa Abdel Fadeel Afefy. "Risk Factors and Quality of life among Saudi Woman with Reproductive System Cancer." Journal of Language and Health 2, no. 1 (June 14, 2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.37287/jlh.v2i1.486.
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Reproductive cancers have a huge impact in woman quality of life. Research on Saudi Arabian cancer patients is a priority at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh. To date, research on quality of life in cancer patients in Saudi Arabia has been insufficient and there is no enough research that assesses quality of life in gynecological cancer in Saudi women. The aims of this study were to assess the gynecological cancer risk factors and measure the quality of life among Saudi woman who diagnosed with uterine, ovarian or cervical cancer. A descriptive cross-sectional correlational design was used to conduct the study. A convenient sample of 100 Saudi women and who diagnosed with one of reproductive cancer type at King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, Riyadh city. Each woman in the sample signed an informed consent to participate in the study. Data was collected using risk factors assessment tool and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Validly and reliability of the questionnaire were ensured. The mean age of the sample was 49.01 ± 12.88 years, 57 % got menarche at age 13 years, 25% had family history of gynecological cancer, 45% had gotten recurrent genital tract infections, and 47% had an abnormal Pap smear results. There was a statistically significant relationship between the physical health domain and social status (p=0.003), occupation (p=0.000) and monthly income (p=0.040). However, woman psychological health domain was significantly related to occupation n (p=0.000), number of abortions (p=0.001) and menstrual age (p=0.034). It was clear that the age (p=0.024), social status (p=0.011) educational level (p=0.023), and reproductive system hygiene (p=0.005) had significant relationship with woman social relationships domain. Half of the sample had good total quality of life score >70%, while only 11% had poor total quality of life score <50%. This study presented substantial findings that the sample had a moderate quality of life.
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Eriksson, Kimmo, Thomas E. Dickins, and Pontus Strimling. "Global sex differences in hygiene norms and their relation to sex equality." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 6 (June 21, 2022): e0000591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000591.
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Strict norms about hygiene may sometimes have health benefits but may also be a burden. Based on research in the United States, it has been suggested that women traditionally shoulder responsibility for hygiene standards and therefore tend to have stricter views on hygiene. However, there is little systematic research on sex differences in hygiene norms at the global scale. We set up two hypotheses: (1) Stricter hygiene norms among women than among men is a global phenomenon. (2) The size of this sex difference varies across nations with the level of sex equality. We examine these hypotheses using data from a recent international survey (N = 17,632). Participants in 56 countries were asked for their views of where it is not appropriate for people to spit and in which situations people should wash their hands. As a measure of sex equality, we use an existing country-level measure of attitudes to equality between the sexes, available for 49 nations in the study. Stricter hygiene norms among women than among men are observed almost everywhere, but there are a few exceptions (most notably Nigeria and Saudi Arabia). The size of the sex difference in hygiene norms varies strongly with the level of sex equality, but in a non-linear way. The sex difference is most pronounced in moderately egalitarian countries with the highest recorded difference being in Chile. In more egalitarian parts of the world, more sex equality is associated with a smaller sex difference in hygiene norms. In the less egalitarian parts of the world, the opposite relation holds. We offer an interpretation in terms of what different levels of sex equality mean for the content of sex roles.
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Almishaal, Ali A. "Knowledge of cytomegalovirus infection among women in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 29, 2022): e0274863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274863.
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Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common intrauterine congenital infection in humans. Worldwide seropositive rates of CMV are considerably high among women of childbearing age. There is currently no optimal drug treatment nor a vaccine for congenital CMV infection and therefore the best available program to date of prevention is practicing standard hygienic measures. The success of this program relies on women’s knowledge of CMV modes of transmissions, and risk and preventative behaviors. Objective The current study aims to assess the awareness and knowledge of CMV infection among women in Saudi Arabia. Method In this cross-sectional study, an online self-administered questionnaire was distributed to women 18 years of age or older residing in all regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire included questions to assess awareness of CMV, knowledge of symptoms, transmission, and preventative measures of CMV infection. Results Out of the 1004 women who completed the questionnaire, self-reported knowledge of CMV was considerably low with only 82 women (8.17%) having heard of CMV infection. Most women reported learning about CMV from the internet and university. In binary logistic analyses, women pursuing studies in healthcare and those working in health professions, as well as those with undergraduate and graduate college degrees were significantly associated with higher knowledge of CMV. Urban area of residence was significantly associated with lower levels of knowledge of CMV. Among women who reported they had heard of CMV, their knowledge of CMV modes of transmission, symptoms, and preventative measures was considerably low. Regarding the transmission route, 23% reported no knowledge of modes of transmission, 59.75% reported mother-to-child transmission, 48.78% reported sexual intercourse, and 45% reported contact with body fluids of an infected person. Regarding knowledge of symptoms of congenital CMV, mental retardation and death were the most commonly reported clinical presentations. Conclusion The current study showed that the overall knowledge of CMV is very low among women in Saudi Arabia. Working in the healthcare field and higher education levels were significantly associated with better knowledge of CMV. It is crucial that women are provided with information regarding CMV-associated complications and preventative measures against mother-to-fetus transmission of CMV.
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Mohaithef, Mohammed AL. "Assessing Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Open Public Health Journal 13, no. 1 (May 23, 2020): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502013010220.
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Background: Hand hygiene is a simple and effective practice that reduces the transmission of hospital acquired infections. However, adherence to hand hygiene guidelines among health care professionals is low. The aim of this study is to assess hand hygiene practices among nurses working in hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: The standardized version of the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire was administered to nurses from six hospitals in the region of Asir. Results: 300 nurses were approached to enroll 243 participants so the response rate was 81%. The study found that 65.4% (159) of the participants followed a good hand hygiene practice while 10.3% (25) showed inadequate hand hygiene practice. Good hand hygiene practice was found to be significantly higher among female participants (88%) than the male participants (44%). The participants from the department of internal medicine (43.5%) showed the highest percentage of inadequate hand hygiene practice while participants from the department of pediatrics reported a 100% good hand hygiene practice. Conclusion: The male nurses and nurses working in the department of internal medicine require in-service educational intervention regarding hand hygiene to increase their compliance with its practice . Posters and other visual aids highlighting the significance of hand hygiene need to be displayed in all the departments to sensitize the importance of hand hygiene among nurses.
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Bin Eid, Wasmiah, An An Lieu, Michelle Jin Yee Neoh, Suhail Mahmoud Al-Zoubi, Gianluca Esposito, and Dagmara Dimitriou. "Characteristics of Sleep Patterns in Adolescents: Comparisons between Saudi Arabia and the UK." Healthcare 10, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081378.
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There are concerns regarding sleep deprivation among adolescents, especially with mounting evidence for the importance of sleep during puberty, and its effects on health and families. The present study aimed to characterise sleep in typical development (TD) adolescents in Saudi Arabia, and compare their sleep profiles to TD adolescents in the UK, to evaluate sleep patterns in adolescents in Saudi Arabia, and to examine the relationship between sleep patterns and the use of social media in both groups. Findings from the current study reported a shorter sleep duration for the Saudi Arabia group than in previous studies and the UK group, which may be attributed to the lack of sleep hygiene practised in Saudi Arabia. Multiple analysis of variance results found significant differences in daytime sleepiness (p < 0.001) and a preference for morningness/eveningness (p < 0.001) between Saudia Arabia and UK adolescents. Statistically significant negative correlations (p > 0.05) between the duration of social media usage and sleep duration were found in both the Saudi Arabia and UK adolescents, where a lower number of sleep hours was observed with a higher duration of social media use. This study fills a gap in the research of sleep in Saudi Arabia in adolescents, and offers important insights on the comparison in sleep habits between Saudi Arabia and UK adolescents.
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Abalkhail, Adil, Ilias Mahmud, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Thamer Alslamah, Ameen S. S. Alwashmi, Divya Vinnakota, and Russell Kabir. "Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Perception among the Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey." Healthcare 9, no. 12 (November 24, 2021): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121627.
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Hand hygiene is among the most important factors of infection control in healthcare settings. Healthcare workers are the primary source of hospital-acquired infection. We assessed the current state of hand hygiene knowledge, perception, and practice among the healthcare workers in Qassim, Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, we used the hand hygiene knowledge and perception questionnaire developed by the World Health Organization. Knowledge and perceptions were classified into good (80–100%), moderate (60–79%), and poor (<60% score). The majority of the healthcare workers had moderate knowledge (57.8%) and perception (73.4%) of hand hygiene. Males were less likely to have moderate/good knowledge compared to females (OR: 0.52, p < 0.05). Private healthcare workers were less likely (OR: 0.33, p < 0.01) to have moderate/good perceptions compared to the government healthcare workers. Healthcare workers who received training on hand hygiene were more likely to have good/moderate perception (OR: 3.2, p < 0.05) and to routinely use alcohol-based hand rubs (OR: 3.8, p < 0.05) than the ones without such training. Physicians are more likely (OR: 4.9, p < 0.05) to routinely use alcohol-based hand rubs than technicians. Our research highlighted gaps in hand hygiene knowledge, perception and practice among healthcare workers in Qassim, Saudi Arabia and the importance of training in this regard.
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Al-Dajani, Haya, and Mashael Alsahli. "Can women entrepreneurs thrive in Saudi Arabia?" Entreprendre & Innover 49-50, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/entin.049.0100.
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Almoslem, Munthir M., Talal A. Alshehri, Arwa A. Althumairi, Mohammed T. Aljassim, Mohamed E. Hassan, and Mahmoud M. Berekaa. "Handwashing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Students in Eastern Province Schools, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2021 (September 21, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6638443.
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Background. Lack of knowledge about appropriate handwashing practices has caused great concerns for human health, especially in the risk of many communicable diseases. The objective of the current study is to determine the level of handwashing knowledge, attitudes, and practices among school students in Eastern Province Schools, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was recruited from November 2019 to March 2020 to assess the level of the students’ handwashing knowledge. A reliable questionnaire was prepared (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.608) and conducted using a two-stage sampling technique. A total of 271 students participated in the study from primary, middle, and high schools; 80% were boys, most of whom displayed an acceptable level of knowledge on hand hygiene. Nearly 75% and 74% of boys and girls, respectively, gained knowledge about hand hygiene practices from their parents. Only 46% of the students thought that handwashing is a potential protective measure against diseases, whereas 34% thought it only removes dirt. Prevalence of handwashing with soap after using the toilet was recognized among 52% of the students. Additionally, 93% of the students used water and soap to wash their hands ( p value < 0.001) and 97% suggested that soap and water are the best methods to wash their hands ( p value < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the mother’s education and hand hygiene practices ( p value = 0.044). Results collectively indicated that handwashing knowledge and practices among school students in the Eastern Province are acceptable interventions in preventing the transmission of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Indeed, further improvement conducted through specific health education programs to emphasize the role of handwashing in health hygiene is highly recommended.
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AlGhamdi, Ali S., Ammar A. Almarghlani, Rusha A. Alyafi, Rayyan A. Kayal, and Mohammad S. Al-Zahrani. "Gingival health and oral hygiene practices among high school children in Saudi Arabia." Annals of Saudi Medicine 40, no. 2 (March 2020): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2020.126.
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Shaaban, Heba, and Wejdan Alhajri. "Usage Patterns of Cosmetic and Personal Care Products among Female Population in Saudi Arabia: Important Factors for Exposure and Risk Assessment." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (April 8, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8434508.
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Reliable data regarding the usage patterns of personal care products (PCPs) are needed to determine the health risks posed by the ingredients of these products such as parabens, phthalates, and bisphenol A. There are no published data regarding the consumption patterns of PCPs in the Middle East in general and in Saudi Arabia in particular. To fill this gap, this study aimed to assess important factors such as the percentage of users and the frequency of use and co-use of twenty-three cosmetic and PCPs among the female population in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, this study aimed to assess the common cosmetic-related adverse events among the participants. The studied products included general hygiene, hair care, skin care, makeup, fragrances, and other products. The data were collected from 709 female participants of different age groups through a digital questionnaire. It was found that eighteen of the investigated products are consumed by at least 50% of the respondents. The frequency of use of PCPs varied over a wide range. Cosmetic-related adverse events were experienced by 16.1% of the participants. Use frequencies of many hygiene and makeup products were correlated with each other. This study provides, for the first time, baseline data on the usage patterns of a large number of widely consumed PCPs among female population pertaining to several sociodemographic strata. Such information is crucial for exposure and risk assessment and also needed for updating the current knowledge on usage of PCPs in Saudi Arabia.
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Turki, Rola, Khalid Sait, Nisreen Anfinan, Sayed Sartaj Sohrab, and Adel Mohammed Abuzenadah. "Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in Women from Saudi Arabia." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 14, no. 5 (May 30, 2013): 3177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.5.3177.
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Alshaikh, Mashael K., Filippos T. Filippidis, Juren P. Baldove, Azeem Majeed, and Salman Rawaf. "Women in Saudi Arabia and the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7479357.
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Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death in Saudi Arabia. Saudi women in particular are more susceptible as there are sociocultural restrictions on female physical activities that may lead to high prevalence of CVD risks, especially obesity, and physical inactivity. This study aims to systematically review the published articles related to the prevalence of CVD risk among women in Saudi Arabia. The search strategy covers all published articles that assess the risk factor of CVD in Saudi Arabia from January 2000 to December 2015, using the following sources: Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO. A total of 61 studies were included.Results.Prevalence among Saudi women of smoking ranged from 1.1% to 9.1%, hypertension was 21.8%, diabetes ranged from 9.6% to 27.6%, overweight was 27%, and obesity was 40.23%, and physical inactivity ranged from 53.2% to 98.1%. Hypercholesterolemia prevalence on Saudi women on average was 24.5%, while metabolic syndrome ranged from 13.6% to 40.3%.Conclusion. The prevalence of CVD risk factors is high among women in Saudi Arabia especially in obesity and physical inactivity. Public health authorities must implement solutions from a gender specific aspect to reverse the trend and decrease the prevalence of CVDs among Saudi women.
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Noshili, Ali Ibrahim. "Assessment of Hand-Washing Habits Among Secondary School Students in Saudi Arabia." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 14, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 1924–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/14.4.81.
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The health effects of infectious diseases affecting school-aged children continue to be a source of concern in the majority of low- and middle-income nations, owing to poor personal hygiene habits and insufficient sanitary facilities in public primary schools. Schoolchildren and primary school pupils are at increased risk due to a lack of attention to a fundamental yet crucial aspect of personal hygiene, such as continually washing hands with soap under running water, and even due to a lack of information of correct hand washing with soap practice. In recent years, public health concerns about communicable diseases such as respiratory infection and pneumonia have increased. The majority of school students are more exposed to infectious risk factors as a result of their frequent engagement in unhealthy behaviors. The purpose of this study is to determine the handwashing habits of Saudi Arabian secondary school students. The study employed a cross-sectional design in which an online survey was used to assess handwashing habits. Boys and girls from Saudi Arabia's secondary schools were included in the population. Statistical software was used to synthesize and analyze the data collected. The findings indicate that there was a relatively high level of commitment to hand washing. Additionally, findings indicated that the primary reason for skipping hand washing was a lack of recall. When it comes to handwashing materials in schools, the majority of participants prefer water and soap. The study discovered that the majority of secondary school students are unaware of the dangers associated with improper handwashing. Regression analysis revealed that there are significant predictors of handwashing commitment. Factors influencing secondary school students' handwashing habits include their region, academic year, gender, age, and parent's education. Thus, hygiene education programs in schools and communities should be implemented to raise awareness about the importance of hand hygiene.
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Hallila, Liisa Elina, and Jehad Omar Al-Halabi. "Saudi female university employee self-determination in their own health-related issues." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 8, no. 8 (March 19, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v8n8p12.
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Introduction: To date, there have been no studies located investigating Saudi women's self-determination in their own health-related issues. This study aims to investigate how women in Saudi Arabia see their ability and willingness to decision making in this matter.Methodology: The study design is ethnonursing and Leininger’s Sunrise model was utilized as background theory; qualitative data analysis method was used. 12 Saudi women worked at a large University in Saudi Arabia were interviewed in-depth.Results and discussion: Seven universal Saudi Arabian cultural themes were identified: customs and traditions, women’s decision-making denied, shared decision-making, informed women and empowerment rise, financial status matters, emerging changes in the society, and impact from the Western world.Conclusions: One of the major findings in the interviews was that all research participants observed themselves as more independent and empowered than in the accounts reflecting other women they knew. They saw other women, whom they met at the hospital or who were their friends or relatives, were without equal rights for independent decision making. Mainly, men are interested in reproductive health and are willing to dominate women’s independent decision making in healthcare. The main conclusion, according to this study, the Saudi women research participants who are educated, are more independent in their health-related decision making than the previous literature suggested. The result may be different in villages and among less educated women and their husbands.
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Al-Nimr, Yumn M., Ghada Farhat, and Ali Alwadey. "Factors Affecting Smoking Initiation and Cessation Among Saudi Women Attending Smoking Cessation Clinics." Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal [SQUMJ] 20, no. 1 (March 9, 2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2020.20.01.014.
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Objectives: Smoking is one of the most adaptable risk behaviours associated with increased mortality rates, yet over one billion individuals worldwide are smokers. This study aimed to examine self-reported reasons for starting and quitting smoking among women attending smoking cessation clinics in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study took place between January 2014 and January 2017 in Saudi Arabia using previously collected data. A survey was distributed to 3,000 female smokers attending smoking cessation programmes in 18 clinics from different regions in Saudi Arabia to determine self-reported reasons for smoking initiation and willingness/unwillingness to quit. Results: A total of 2,190 women participated in the study (response rate = 73%). Overall, the most common reason for starting to smoke was friends (31.1%), while the predominant reason for willingness to quit was health concerns (45.5%). The most frequent reason for being unwilling to quit smoking was a fear of mood changes (28%). Conclusion: Most Saudi women are socially-driven to start smoking, while the most common reason for quitting is health concerns. The latter finding is promising in that it shows that smokers are gaining awareness of the adverse effects of smoking.Keywords: Tobacco Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Health Risk Behaviors; Lifestyle Risk Reduction; Primary Health Care; Saudi Arabia.
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Alshahrani, Shamoukh, Abrar Alshuaibi, Malak Alkhaldi, and Pradeep Koppolu. "Perception and Knowledge of Patients from Different Regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia towards Oral Hygiene and Oral Hygiene Aids." Healthcare 9, no. 5 (May 17, 2021): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9050592.
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Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the perception and awareness of interdental aids in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted, in order to evaluate the perception and knowledge of patients towards oral hygiene products among the population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In total, 812 out of 1124 participants responded and completed the survey (response rate 72.2%). The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire in English and Arabic. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS 20 software. p < 0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Results: A total of 812 participants responded, of which 486 participants (60%) declared using a toothpaste and toothbrush for cleaning their teeth. The cohort consisted of 274 (34%) females who brushed twice daily, while 96 (33%) males brushed their teeth once a day and 18% of the participants did not even brush once a day. The results indicated that 332 (64%) female participants and 174 (60%) male participants had perception and knowledge of the use of dental floss or any other device to clean between their teeth, while 174 (48.50%) male participants and 174 (49.10%) female participants cleaned their tongue with the same brush, rather than using a tongue scrubber or any other aids. Conclusion: The total awareness of interdental aids in Saudi Arabia is unsatisfactory, as demonstrated by the participants not being conscious or informed about the maintenance of their oral health. A majority of participants did not report adopting basic techniques, such as tongue brushing. This study reveals that no interdental aids were used by 16% of the participants. Thus, it is crucial to develop an effective educational program which emphasizes oral healthcare in this population.
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Arfaoui, Leila. "Food safety and hygiene education improves the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Saudi dietetics students." Bioinformation 18, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 900–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630018900.
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The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of food safety and hygiene course on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dietetics students. A repeated measure pre/post-intervention study was used to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices regarding food safety and hygiene among undergraduate dietetics students (n = 63) enrolled in a course on food safety and hygiene in Saudi Arabia. Students were asked to complete an online questionnaire divided into five sections that covered key food-safety concepts before and at the end of the course to determine changes in these variables. Overall, students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices improved significantly after attending the course on food safety and hygiene. Scores for total knowledge increased from 16.51±2.60 before the course to 20.60±2.01 after it (p < 0.001). The total score for attitudes improved from 9.16±1.43 before the course to 9.92±0.27 after it (p < 0.001). The total score for practices increased from 11.0±3.10 before the course to 14.78±3.41 after it (p < 0.001).The course on food safety and hygiene helped to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices of food safety by dietetics students.
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Jar, Alabbas, Abdulrahman Ibrahim, Ali Alshehri, Norah Alrumyyan, Etemad AlSaif, Khozam Alshahrani, Bader Basakran, et al. "Awareness of Oral Health in Diabetic Patients in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Healthcare Sciences 02, no. 11 (2022): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2022.21105.
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) consists of a clinically heterogenous array of metabolic conditions hallmarked by hyperglycemia caused by defective insulin secretion, action, or both. DM can cause various oral complications such as salivary gland dysfunction, infections including candidiasis, delayed wound healing, increased caries susceptibility, gingival and periodontal diseases, lichen planus and burning mouth disorders. Inadequate oral public health awareness of the connection between diabetes and oro-dental health issues has been noted in many studies from across the globe. Based on the current literature, it is evident that oral health is not prioritized by the majority of diabetic patients in Saudi Arabia. Saudi diabetic patients with lesser education demonstrate lower awareness levels about oral health issues in general. Similarly, more older patients have been seen to possess less oral health awareness relative to their younger counterparts. Further, they have been found to be less compliant towards meeting dental appointment targets and adopting recommended oral hygiene practices as compared to other populations studied in the Western nations. Also, non-professional advice has been noted as the dominant outlet of dental health information in case of most Saudi patients with diabetes. It is vital to reinforce the need for routinely visits to dentists for education on oral health when patients visit their diabetic clinic. Organization of structured patient education programs targeting all age groups and different types of diabetes is necessary to improve oral health awareness. It is also vital that individuals are provided with the latest recommendations on methods to practice oral health related self-care techniques in order to minimize the risk of periodontal destruction and tooth loss, thereby reducing the burden of dental illnesses on the Saudi health infrastructure.
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Bakarman, Marwan A., Mukhtiar Baig, Ahmad A. Malik, Zohair J. Gazzaz, Mostafa M. Mostafa, Mohamed A. Zayed, Abdulaziz S. Balubaid, and Ahmed K. Alzahrani. "Hand hygiene knowledge and attitude of medical students in western Saudi Arabia." PeerJ 7 (April 25, 2019): e6823. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6823.
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Background The practice of hand hygiene (HH) has prime importance among Health Care Professionals (HCPs) and non-compliance could cause adverse consequences. By keeping the importance of HH in mind, this study aims at investigating the knowledge and attitudes towards HH among medical students and interns at King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods The study includes 453 medical students and interns (189 males & 264 females). This study was completed in three months; from September to November 2017. The World Health Organization (WHO) HH questionnaire was used and data were analyzed on SPSS-21. Results Two-third of the participants 292 (64.2%) had formal training in HH in the last three years. Almost half of the participants 254 (56.1%) had correct knowledge regarding the major course of transmission of potentially detrimental microbes among patients in the healthcare premises. Just 124 (27.4%) of the respondents had the correct knowledge about the most common basis of germs accountable for healthcare-related infections. Females had significantly better knowledge than males regarding the type of HH technique needed before palpation of the abdomen (177(54%) Vs. 151(46%); P < 0.002), before an injection (175(54.5%) Vs. 146(45.5%); P < 0.007), after emptying a bedpan (207(64.7%) Vs. 113(35.3%); P < 0.001), following discarding examination gloves (256(60.4% Vs. 168(39.6%); P < 0.001] and after exposure to blood (200(64.1%) Vs. 112(35.%); P < 0.001). Female participants had better knowledge than males regarding the type of HH actions. Females also had a significantly better attitude towards the importance of HH than males (240(62.5%) Vs. 144(37.5%); P < 0.001). Conclusion The majority of the participants’ knowledge regarding HH was not up to the mark; however, female students had better knowledge compared to male students. The medical students and interns’ knowledge and positive attitude towards HH can play a pivotal role in preventing HCPs associated infections and it would overall decrease the infection-related burden on the hospital and governmental budgets. It is suggested that multi-dimensional plans are required to change this low compliance to a higher rate.
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Shati, Ayed A., Saleh M. Al Qahtani, Shehata F. Shehata, Youssef A. Alqahtani, Mohammed S. Aldarami, Sultan A. Alqahtani, Yahya M. Alqahtani, Aesha F. Siddiqui, and Shamsun N. Khalil. "Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices towards Food Poisoning among Parents in Aseer Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia." Healthcare 9, no. 12 (November 28, 2021): 1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121650.
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Background: Food poisoning is caused by eating contaminated food. Improper food safety knowledge, poor food handling, and inadequate personal hygiene may allow microbes to grow in sufficient numbers to cause a food-borne illness. The aim of this paper was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding food poisoning and its determinants of parents in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 3011 parents in the Aseer region in the southwest region of Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was used to collect the data. The level of knowledge of the participants was scored as a percentage and further classified as “good” or “poor”. Attitudes were classified as “positive”, “neutral”, or “negative” based on a calculated composite mean score. The participants were asked about standard food hygiene practices, and the practices were recorded based on how often they were performed, with the results recorded as “usually”, “sometimes”, or “never”. Results: The age range of the parents was between 18 and 65 years old, with a mean age of 28.9 ± 10.4 years. Among the participants, 96.2% were Saudi, and 81.8% were female. Almost 53% of the fathers and 41% of the mothers were university graduates. About 55% of the mothers were housewives. Almost equal proportions of the parents had “good” and “poor” levels of knowledge on food poisoning. Around 41% of the parents had positive attitudes towards safe food consumption. Older parents (defined as above 30 years of age), males, university graduates, and urban residents had significantly higher levels of knowledge regarding food poisoning. Conclusions: This study provided much needed information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to food poisoning among parents in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. Although most respondents reported satisfactory practices, gaps were identified in knowledge and attitudes. This suggests a need for further investigation focused on the observed practices and strengthening health education activities for the community.
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Gaffar, Balgis, Maha El Tantawi, Asim Al-Ansari, and Adel AlAgl. "Association between oral health knowledge and practices of Saudi Pregnant women in Dammam, Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 22, no. 6 (June 1, 2016): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2016.22.6.411.
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Alkhadra, Thamer. "Prevalence of Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status among Juvenile Prisoners in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 11 (2017): 991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2163.
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ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene status among juvenile prisoners in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods A total of 105 prisoners aged between 12 and 17 years of age from the Juvenile Detention Center were included in the study. Any prisoner with systemic illness and being noncooperative were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations were performed under an artificial light source using a disposable mouth mirror and explorer while seated on a portable chair. The dental caries experience was measured as the number of decayed, missing, or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) using DMFT score. The oral hygiene index (OHI) was assessed by the Greene and Vermillion method. The data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Results The mean age of the sample was 16.33 years, with 74.3% of the prisoners in the 16 to 17-year-old group. The dental caries index measured by calculating the mean DMFT of the juvenile prisoners increased with age. The DMFT scores of 9.09 (4.388) for 78 juvenile prisoners aged 16 to 17 years followed by 9.00 (2.925) for 19 prisoners aged 14 to 15 years and 7.13 (1.808) for 8 prisoners aged 12 to 13 years were observed. The oral hygiene status of the prisoners showed that more than half of the juvenile prisoners included in the study had poor (53.3%) oral hygiene and less than half had fair (45.7%) oral hygiene and only one participant demonstrated good oral hygiene. Conclusion The juvenile prisoners had high prevalence of dental caries and fair-to-bad oral hygiene, indicating poor oral health status. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for special attention from the concerned health authorities, voluntary organizations, and surrounding dental colleges in meeting the oral health needs of this group. Clinical significance The study provides an important database for decision makers to take on the challenge of reducing dental caries among juvenile prisoners. How to cite this article Alkhadra T. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status among Juvenile Prisoners in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(11):991-995.
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Alquwez, Nahed, Jonas Preposi Cruz, Farhan Alshammari, and Norah Sharea H. Alotaibi. "Psychometric Properties of the Health Empowerment Scale Arabic Version for Working Women in Saudi Arabia." INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing 58 (January 2021): 004695802110560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00469580211056040.
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In a country such as Saudi Arabia where gender equality-related challenges continue to be social issues, measuring the health empowerment of Saudi working women is critical in understanding the real picture of women empowerment in the country during this era of great transformation. Therefore, we conducted this research to evaluate psychometric properties of the Health Empowerment Scale Arabic version (HES-A) in measuring the health empowerment of Saudi working women. We surveyed a sample of 322 Saudi working women from June to August 2020 using an online survey constituting questions on demographic and work-related information and the HES-A. The computed values for the item-level content validity index of the 8 scale items were from .80 and 1.00, whereas the computed value of the scale-level content validity index by average method was .91. The principal component and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a unidimentional scale. The computation revealed an alpha of .92. Education, type of employment, years of working experience, and salary were identified as significant factors influencing the health empowerment. The HES-A exhibited adequate validity and internal consistency for use in measuring the health empowerment of Saudi women. The HES-A can expand the research agenda on health empowerment Arab women. Researchers and policymakers could use the HES-A in assessing the status of health empowerment of Arabic-speaking women, which could inform policies and interventions aimed at ensuring health empowered women in this part of the globe.
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Algaadi, Salim Ali. "Hand Eczema among General Population in the time of Enhanced Hand Hygiene during COVID-19 Pandemic." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 1067–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221631067.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, health authorities in most of the world recommend people maintain hand hygiene to prevent the spread of the virus. Unfortunately, this has resulted in an increased number of hand dermatitis among health care workers (HCW) and the general population. Hand eczema results from the damage to the epidermal barrier that induces inflammation and activates the innate immune system. In this brief study, we assess hand eczema prevalence during the Covid-19 pandemic in the general population of Saudi Arabia via a self-administered online questionnaire. The total number of participants was 502, of which 268 (53.4%) were males. Most participants were younger than 30 years (67.9%), while only (2.2%) were older than 60 years. Forty percent of participants developed new-onset hand skin damage during the pandemic, and this was proportionally correlated with the daily average frequency of handwashing with soap and water. We hope this brief study paves the way for further larger epidemiological studies. Keywords: Hand Eczema, Hand Hygiene, COVID-19, Saudi Arabia
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Yusuf, Nadia, Laila Al-sharqi, and Farah Durrani. "A Determinant Of Healthy Ageing Women Education In Saudi Arabia." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i2.9168.
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An increase in the number of elderly people has major implications for society, affecting such areas as health and social services and public spending. The economic effects of an ageing population are considerable. Older people have more savings than younger people, but spend less on consumer goods. The rise in ageing populations will also increase some categories of expenditure, like health care, whose cost is likely to increase dramatically as the population ages. Saudi Arabians, while relatively enthusiastic about saving in general, see retirement as a less important incentive to save and have reduced retirement savings as a result of the current economic downturn. At the same time, life expectancy will be higher and birth rate will decline because of the increase of education levels. People's concepts of birth and health care will be improved under the function of education. Education is the single most important indicator of the socioeconomic status of an individual, which affects almost all aspects of human life, including demographic health behavior. Change of the increase of population ageing that is caused by the change of the relative number of independent variables, such as education, is more of a concern.
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Mahfouz, AhmedA, Ahmed Abolyazid, HasanM Al-Musa, NabilJ Awadallah, Aesha Faraheen, Shamsunhar Khalil, MohammadN El-Gamal, and KhalidM Al-Musa. "Hand hygiene knowledge of primary health care workers in Abha city, South Western Saudi Arabia." Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 6, no. 1 (2017): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.214971.
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Nayak, Prathibha Anand, Ullal Anand Nayak, Othman Wali, Kavitha Odathurai Marusamy, and Nagihan K. Muhcu. "Effect of Lifestyle on Periodontal Health Status in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 11 (March 15, 2021): 760–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/164.
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BACKGROUND The concept of a healthy lifestyle is reported to be directly related to health. Prevalence and severity of periodontal disease vary among different populations and regions which may be attributed to various lifestyle factors. The aim of the present study was to find the association between the various lifestyle factors and periodontal health. METHODS The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 374 participants aged 20 - 50 years during the 6 months period using a structured and pre-validated questionnaire. The lifestyle factors of selected participants were evaluated using an eight-item health practice index (HPI) scale given by Hagihara et al. Their clinical periodontal status was recorded by means of clinical attachment level using University of North Carolina (UNC)-15 probe. The statistical analysis was based on the association of components of lifestyle with severity of periodontitis was evaluated using chi square test. The multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent association of variables of life style, oral health care and health practice index with severity of periodontitis. RESULTS The statistical analysis revealed that severity of periodontitis increased with increasing age and decreased with increasing education level, income level, and frequency of dental visits and use of oral hygiene aids. The overall life style of participants did not have any significant association with the severity of periodontitis when multivariate logistic regression analysis was done. CONCLUSIONS There is a strong association of age, education, occupation, income, brushing device or method used, visit to the dentist, breakfast, and work hours per day with periodontal health. KEY WORDS Lifestyle, Periodontal Status, Health Practice Index
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Anweigi, Lamyia, Alhanoof Aldegheishem, Ambreen Azam, Yara Alromaih, Fatima Alkeait, Lama Alhaimy, Ahmad Ahmeda, Shaza Bishti, Faleh Tamimi, and Raidan Ba-Hattab. "Oral-Health-Related Self-Efficacy among the Elderly Population in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 29, 2022): 15900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315900.
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Oral health self-efficacy is a fundamental determinant of behavioral changes among elderly patients. Objective: To assess the oral self-efficacy among the Saudi population aged 65 years old and above in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted on elderly individuals in Riyadh. An Arabic version of the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health (GSEOH) was administered to all participants. The dependent variables included oral function, oral hygiene habits, and dental visits. For the statistical analysis, two independent sample t-tests and a one-way ANOVA test were used. Significance was judged at a p-value less than 0.05. Results: Of 400 participants recruited, 53% were males. About 58% had retained teeth, and 72% had visited a dentist in the past 12 months. Overall, 31.6%, 34.64%, 22.65%, and 11.14% of the participants rated their oral health as good, fairly good, rather poor, and poor, respectively. Age (p < 0.001), educational level (p < 0.001), and working status (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with GSEOH scores. Other sociodemographic characteristics were not found to affect the GSEOH scores. Conclusions: The overall self-efficacy of oral health among Saudi elderly individuals is fairly good. Age, educational level, and occupational status are the main determinants of oral health self-efficacy scores.
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Al-Otaibi, Hala Hazam. "Osteoporosis Health Beliefs, Knowledge and Life Habits among Women in Saudi Arabia." Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 05, no. 06 (2015): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2015.56027.
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Hassanein,, Manal. "ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND HEALTH FOR PREGNANT WOMEN IN SAUDI ARABIA,." Journal of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences 28, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 6135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jaess.2003.245054.
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Hammad, Lina F., and Nada Benajiba. "Lifestyle factors influencing bone health in young adult women in Saudi Arabia." African Health Sciences 17, no. 2 (July 17, 2017): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v17i2.28.
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Shoeb, I. H., and G. A. Hassan. "Post-partum Psychosis in the Assir Region of Saudi Arabia." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 3 (September 1990): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.3.427.
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The medical notes of 91 women who had a psychiatric illness requiring admission within nine months of childbirth were studied. The incidence of post-partum psychosis was 3 per 1000 births, of which 66% were affective psychoses.
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Aqeely, Hussein, Eman K. El-Gayar, Darakhshan Perveen Khan, Abdullah Najmi, Ayesha Alvi, Ibrahim Bani, Mohamed Salih Mahfouz, Saif Elden Abdalla, and Ibrahim M. Elhassan. "Seroepidemiology ofToxoplasma gondiiamongst Pregnant Women in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/913950.
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Background. Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of worldwide distribution. There is limited information about the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in the southern area of Saudi Arabia. The current study was carried out to determine the prevalence ofT. gondiiin pregnant women in Jazan province.Materials and Methods.The study was conducted between January and June 2013 and included 195 pregnant women, data on sociodemographic and predisposing factors were collected from each participant. Venous blood samples were collected following standard operating procedures. Serological analysis for latent toxoplasmosis (levels of IgG) and active toxoplasmosis (IgM) was done using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Results.The overall seroprevalence ofT. gondiiin the study area was 24.1%. The seroprevalence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG was 20% (39 out of 195), whereas IgM seropositivity was 6.2% (12 out of 195). Only 4 pregnant women tested positive for both IgG and IgM. The highest IgG and IgM seroprevalence was among the study participants aged 35 to 39 years (13.5% and 35.1%, resp.). The seropositivity rate ofT. gondii-specific antibodies was higher among pregnant women from the urban areas than those from rural communities (7.4% versus 0% and 21% versus 15.4% for IgM and IgG, resp.).Conclusions.The seroprevalence ofT. gondiiwas high in pregnant woman in Jazan. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis increases with increase of age. Awareness health education program in Jazan needs to be maintained and developed to targeted pregnant women.
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Eldoseri, Halah M., and Phyllis Sharps. "Risk Factors for Spousal Physical Violence Against Women in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35, no. 5-6 (March 9, 2017): 1269–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260517696861.
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This study aimed to explore selected risk factors for spousal physical violence (SPV) in women frequenting primary health care clinics (PHCs) in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study design was conducted in six PHCs, where one-on-one, private interviews with 200 women were conducted using a standardized World Health Organization (WHO) violence against women questionnaire (v.10.0). SPV was reported by 45.5% of women. Husband-specific risk factors including alcohol or drug addiction, unemployment, control of wealth in the family, and physical aggression toward other men were significant predictors for SPV. A multisectoral approach should be implemented with focus on providers’ training, women’s safety, and involvement of men in violence prevention and intervention programs.
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Siddiqui, Amna Rehana, Sarah Mahasin, Roa Alsajjan, Marwah Hassounah, Zeinah Alhalees, Norah AlSaif, Fahad D. Alosaimi, and AlJohara AlQuaiz. "Depression literacy in women attending university hospital clinics in Riyadh Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 63, no. 2 (January 9, 2017): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764016685346.
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Background: Depression literacy in general population constitutes an ability to understand depression, with knowledge of disease, its risk factors and symptoms. High levels of depression literacy promote early intervention, potentially reducing related disability. Aim: This study investigated the depression literacy in women visitors to clinics of a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Women of 18 and more years were surveyed during their visit to primary and other healthcare clinics of a public hospital in Riyadh. Knowledge on depression symptoms, causes and management approaches identified depression literate women scoring more than 30 points on a 42-item tool. Results: Of the 409 participants, 65.5% were depression literate, 50% educated as college and above, 64.3% married, 50.7% housewives, 62.4% reported use of multiple information sources (range, 0–8) and had a mean age of 34.9 (standard deviation ( SD), 12.4) years. In a logistic regression model, participants scoring less than 30 for depression literacy were significantly associated with women having less than college-level education, divorced marital status and use of decreasing number of learning resources. Conclusion: Women with low education divorced; using fewer information sources need specific considerations by healthcare providers for assessment of depressive disorders in this setting.
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Khattab, M. S., M. Y. Khan, Y. M. Al Khaldi, and M. N. Al Gamal. "The need for traditional birth attendants -dayas- in Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 1 (February 15, 2000): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.1.13.
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Preferences of women living in remote areas regarding delivery place and attendant were surveyed, opinions of primary health care [PHC] doctors about traditional birth attendants’ [TBA] maternal care were assessed and training needs for TBAs were identified using questionnaires and a focus group discussion. Home deliveries and TBAs were preferred by approximately 24% and 38% of the women respectively. The fact that they were women and psychological comfort were the main reasons for preferring TBAs. TBAs disclosed many harmful practices. No PHC centre help was sought by 75% of TBAs. Lack of cooperation between PHC centres and TBAs was a concern of most of the doctors. Training and links to PHC services for TBAs are needed
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Sinky, T. H., M. Cheyney, and M. M. Dolcini. "“If It Is Written by Allah, There Is Nothing That Can Stop It”: Saudi women’s breast cancer narratives." Health, Culture and Society 8, no. 2 (December 17, 2015): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2015.196.
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The purpose of this study was to identify cultural models of breast cancer held by Saudi women and to explore how these may influence early detection and treatment-seeking behaviors. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with breast cancer survivors (n=20) from two Western cities in Saudi Arabia. Respondents were recruited through social networking, using purposive, snowball sampling. Illness narratives elicited during interviews were transcribed, coded and then analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. Results suggest that fatalism, perceived threats to traditional role fulfillment, and a preference for traditional therapies commonly mark the breast cancer experiences of Saudi women, influencing their early detection and treatment-seeking behaviors. A more nuanced understanding of emic viewpoints could help to improve public health messaging and intervention strategies in Saudi Arabia.
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Al-Ansari, Asim, Maha El Tantawi, Nasser AlMadan, Muhammad Nazir, Balgis Gaffar, Khalifa Al-Khalifa, and Ali AlBaty. "Internet Addiction, Oral Health Practices, Clinical Outcomes, and Self-Perceived Oral Health in Young Saudi Adults." Scientific World Journal 2020 (August 11, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7987356.
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The study assessed the relationship between Internet addiction and oral health practices and clinical outcomes and whether this was affected by oral health perception. In 2017, a cross-sectional study included university students in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires assessed demographic background, oral health practices (consuming sugar, tobacco use, and oral hygiene), perceived oral health, and Internet addiction. Caries experience and gingivitis were assessed using the World Health Organization criteria. The multivariate general linear analysis assessed the relationship between dependent variables (oral health practices, DMFT, and gingivitis) and exposure (Internet addiction). Data were available for 919 participants, 75.4% females, mean age = 19.8 years, and 1.6% with significant Internet use problem. The mean percentage of teeth with gingivitis was 8.5% and mean DMFT was 2.9. Among those with good perception of oral health and compared with participants with significant Internet use problem, average Internet users had lower consumption of sugar and tobacco (B = −6.52, P=0.03 and B = −2.04, P=0.03), better oral hygiene practices (B = 2.07, P=0.33), higher DMFT (B = 2.53, P=0.10), and lesser gingivitis (B = −15.45, P=0.06). Internet addiction was associated with negative oral health practices and poor clinical outcomes among young Saudis. Holistic health promotion approaches need to address the negative impact of Internet addiction on health and oral health status for this at-risk age group.
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Akkour, Khalid, Lolowah Alghuson, Hicham Benabdelkamel, Hani Alhalal, Nada Alayed, Amal AlQarni, and Maria Arafah. "Cervical Cancer and Human Papillomavirus Awareness among Women in Saudi Arabia." Medicina 57, no. 12 (December 17, 2021): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57121373.
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Background and Objectives: Cervical cancer (CC) is the eighth most common cancer among Saudi women of all ages. With limited national data, we aimed to evaluate the public awareness of cervical cancer, CC risk factors, HPV infection, and HPV vaccines in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This was a survey-based cross-sectional study that encompassed 564 Saudi women over a period of a month. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed through different social media platforms. Results: The collected data included sociodemographic variables and questions assessing awareness of CC, and the attitudes toward CC screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Most respondents were aware of CC (84.0%), although their primary source of information was the internet. However, only 45 females (8.0%) had a history of cervical screening. Furthermore, most females did not know that HPV was transmitted sexually (78.9%), or that it caused genital warts (81.7%) and CC (81.9%). Regarding the HPV vaccine, 100 females (17.7%) had heard about it, but only 11 (2.0%) took the vaccine, although more than half of the respondents (54.1%) were willing to take the vaccine after being informed about it. Conclusions: We noticed a remarkable lack of awareness among the respondents regarding HPV’s clinical implications; and the HPV vaccine, and its importance and availability. The main source of information for most of the Saudi women in this study was the internet, which may be an unreliable source, or provide misleading information that may delay screening or discourage vaccination. Thus, organized campaigns by the Ministry of Health or other health-advocating agencies, in addition to screening and vaccination programs, are strongly encouraged.
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Ahmed, Adam E., and Osama A. Salih. "Assessment of the Minimum Dietary Diversity of Reproductive Women in Saudi Arabia." Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 18, no. 7 (June 15, 2019): 615–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2019.615.622.
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Alotaibi, Mohammed, Maram Albalawi, and Layan Alwakeel. "A Smart Mobile Pregnancy Management and Awareness System for Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 12, no. 5 (September 29, 2018): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v12i5.9005.
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<p>Over the years, physicians and other medical personnel have lamented the ever-increasing prevalence of physical inactivity and low awareness amongst pregnant women all over the world and especially in Saudi Arabia. The physicians argue that pregnant women are continuously placing their lives at risk by ignoring physical activity and low awareness. Similarly, the pregnant women who rarely participate in physical activity and awareness programs are accredited with risking the lives of their babies. As a result, professional medics have been trying to come up with innovative strategies that can promote physical activity and improve health awareness amongst the pregnant women for a long time. In recent years, the world has experienced a massive shift towards technology-based solutions for nearly every aspect of life.</p>In the health industry, mHealth has become a key trend as tech companies liaise with medical practitioners in pursuit of technological solutions to diverse health concerns. With this understanding, the current paper provides a vivid analysis of a newly-developed technological system designed to facilitating communication between pregnant women and healthcare providers, increase interactions amongst pregnant women, as well as motivate them to increase their participation in physical activities and remote monitoring of their babies. Unlike most mHealth initiatives that provide specific functionalities, the current system is an all-inclusive system offering a combination of all functionalities available through individual pregnancy monitoring systems. The newly-developed system aims to empower pregnant with enough awareness of pregnancy and also to do more physical activity using advanced technology of internet of things and mobile health technology specially in remote areas.
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Allam, Eman, Nouf Alshibani, Yara Alshibani, and Reem Alkattan. "Evaluation of the Knowledge and Awareness of Dental Patients in Saudi Arabia on Periodontal Health and Diseases." Open Dentistry Journal 14, no. 1 (September 18, 2020): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210602014010459.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal health knowledge and awareness among a cohort of dental patients in Saudi Arabia. Methods: One thousand adult patients attending King Khaled University Hospital and the Dental Hospital, King Saud University, in Riyadh, KSA, were recruited to the study. The subjects completed a questionnaire that aimed to evaluate their level of awareness on etiology, risk factors, and preventive measures related to periodontal disease. Results: The study sample showed adequate awareness and general knowledge on signs and symptoms of periodontal diseases as well as risk factors for their development. Data also suggested great knowledge of oral hygiene measures for maintaining good oral hygiene. However, a low level of awareness was reported for the exact etiology of periodontal disease, as indicated by the fact that about 65% of respondents did not know or declined the fact that plaque causes periodontal disease. The participants also demonstrated a low level of awareness of the association between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions, such as coronary heart diseases and premature birth. Conclusion: The results of this study showed extensive variations and knowledge gaps between different aspects related to periodontal disease. In order for comprehensive oral health educational programs to be effective and to achieve their goals, they should be designed to fulfill these knowledge gaps and tailored to target the areas of least awareness, such as etiology and systemic conditions association.
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Abolfotouh, M. A., A. A. Daffallah, M. Y. Khan, M. S. Khattab, and I. Abdulmoneim. "Psychosocial assessment of geriatric subjects in Abha City, Saudi Arabia." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 7, no. 3 (September 15, 2001): 481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2001.7.3.481.
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Psychosocial assessment of geriatric subjects was carried out through a home-based survey of people aged 65 years and over [n = 810] in the catchment areas of 3 primary health care centres. All the participants had a structured interview and were given a short version of the geriatric depression scale. Depression was found in 17.5% of the subjects, more commonly in women [27.7% versus 12.7%]. The combined effect of impaired perceived health status [52.4%] and functional capacity [26.6%], loneliness [4.5%], single status [24.3%], and lack of education [80.5%] explained 23.7% of the variance in depression score by multiple regression analysis. Depression is a problem among the geriatric population in the region, especially women. Periodic home psychosocial screening of geriatrics is recommended.
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Almubark, Rasha A., Mada Basyouni, Ashjan Alghanem, Amani S. Alqahtani, and Nasser F. BinDhim. "Health Literacy and Medication Literacy in Saudi Arabia: Current Status." Food and Drug Regulatory Science Journal 2, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32868/rsj.v2i1.23.
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Background: Low health literacy and medication literacy can be associated with adverse medication-related events. The objectives of this research were to characterize medication use, describe health information sources, and characterize medication literacy in the KSA population.
Methods: A cross-sectional nationwide survey was conducted among Saudi residents aged 18 years or above.
Results: A total of 3,557 surveys were available for analysis (men = 1,811 and women = 1,746). Respondents were concentrated in younger categories, and each region was represented by 7% to 8% of respondents by design. Twenty-three percent of respondents (n = 825) reported having at least one chronic disease. A total of 1,882 (53%) of respondents reported ever looking for health information; of those, web pages were the most popular information sources. Among those taking medication for chronic disease, only 61% agreed that they knew how their medication should be monitored, 51% agreed that they knew what to do if they missed a dose, and 50% agreed that they knew their drug's side effects.
Conclusion: This study's results suggest that interventions focused on medication literacy and tailored to prevalent chronic disease groups should be explored. Because the most common source of health information is web pages, interventions to improve overall health information literacy, especially pertaining to online medication information, should be studied.
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Arfaoui, Leila, Maisa Mortada, Haneen Ghandourah, and Wejdan Alghafari. "Food Safety Knowledge and Self-reported Practices among Saudi Women." Current Nutrition & Food Science 17, no. 8 (September 10, 2021): 891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401317666210322115237.
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Background: Foodborne diseases due to improper food handling in home kitchens are among the most significant public health challenges worldwide. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate food safety knowledge and selfreported practices among Saudi women. Methods: A total of 1490 women, aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this online survey. Collected and cured data were analyzed using descriptive statistics via the SPSS software. Chi-square (X2) test was performed to identify associations between variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Participants showed an overall knowledge score of 16.53±2.8/23 points (72%). About 4.5%, 57.5% and 38% had low, intermediate and good knowledge scores, respectively. Women had higher scores of knowledge in personal hygiene (5.2±0.8/6 points) and purchasing and storage (5.8±1.2/8 points) compared to food preparation and cooking (4.5±1.8/8 points). The overall practice score was 35.50±5.53/50 points (71%). About 7%, 52% and 41% of the participants exhibited low, intermediate and good practices scores, respectively. Participants’ practice scores of personal hygiene, utensils and equipment, purchasing and storage, and preparation and cooking were 11.10±2.33/15, 6.38±1.47/8, 8.72±1.84/12 and 9.30±2.08/15, respectively. Among the participants’ characteristics, women aged 26 years and older, those having marriage experience and those with children had significantly higher food safety knowledge (p<0.001) than the young, single and women without children. Moreover, women with higher levels of education and those employed in health-related professions showed significantly higher knowledge and practice scores than their counterparts (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study reported an intermediate overall food safety knowledge and practices among most adult Saudi women. Therefore, further targeted public education programs focusing mainly on food preparation and cooking are recommended to enhance women’s food safety knowledge and practices and thereby improve overall public health.
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AlHadi, Ahmad N., Khawla A. Alammari, Lojain J. Alsiwat, Nojood E. Alhaidri, Nouf H. Alabdulkarim, Nouf A. Altwaijri, and Shamma A. AlSohaili. "Perception of Mental Health Care Professionals in Saudi Arabia on Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Observational Cross-sectional Study." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): e26294. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26294.
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Background Mental health disorders are common in Saudi Arabia with a 34% lifetime prevalence. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a type of psychotherapy, is an evidence-based intervention for the majority of mental disorders. Although the demand for CBT is increasing, unfortunately, there are few therapists available to meet this demand and the therapy is expensive. Computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) is a new modality that can help fill this gap. Objective We aimed to measure the knowledge of cCBT among mental health care professionals in Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate their attitudes and preferences toward cCBT. Methods This quantitative observational cross-sectional study used a convenience sample, selecting mental health care professionals working in the tertiary hospitals of Saudi Arabia. The participants received a self-administered electronic questionnaire through data collectors measuring their demographics, knowledge, and attitudes about cCBT, and their beliefs about the efficacy of using computers in therapy. Results Among the 121 participating mental health care professionals, the mean age was 36.55 years and 60.3% were women. Most of the participants expressed uncertainty and demonstrated a lack of knowledge regarding cCBT. However, the majority of participants indicated a positive attitude toward using computers in therapy. Participants agreed with the principles of cCBT, believed in its efficacy, and were generally confident in using computers. Among the notable results, participants having a clinical license and with cCBT experience had more knowledge of cCBT. The overall attitude toward cCBT was not affected by demographic or work-related factors. Conclusions Mental health care professionals in Saudi Arabia need more education and training regarding cCBT; however, their attitude toward its use and their comfort in using computers in general show great promise. Further research is needed to assess the acceptance of cCBT by patients in Saudi Arabia, in addition to clinical trials measuring its effectiveness in the Saudi population.
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Bano, Rafia, and Fatima Abdullah Al Sabhan. "Study of Knowledge and Practice of University Females Regarding Reproductive Health and Hygiene in Hail, Saudi Arabia." International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences 3, no. 1 (2015): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2015.06.
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Al-Haramlah, Ahmed Abdulrahman, Haniah Merza, and Fawziah Albakr. "Saudi Women’s Attitudes toward Physical Activity: An Interventional Approach to Improving Future Health." Asian Social Science 12, no. 7 (June 21, 2016): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n7p95.
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<p>The aim of this research was to provide evidence to support physical activity initiatives that improve the quality of life of women in Saudi Arabia. Research on Saudi women correlates higher incidence of obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and osteoporosis to the lack of exercise in Saudi women’s lifestyle. Hence, this study uses an interventional approach to support efforts that encourage physical activity in Saudi women. A pilot sample of 80 females was interviewed to secure the validity and reliability of the preliminary instrument. The final version of the instrument, consists of (63) items, was distributed to a sample consists of 1233 females aged 15 and up from four main regions in KSA. The results indicate that awareness and positive attitudes toward physical activity exist. Improvement of quality of life can be as simple as lessening the practical impediments. Hopefully, this kind of evidence can better inform decision makers to be more proactive in providing government funded facilities.</p>
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Ellakany, Passent, Marwa Madi, Shaimaa M. Fouda, Maria Ibrahim, and Jehan AlHumaid. "The Effect of Parental Education and Socioeconomic Status on Dental Caries among Saudi Children." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 12, 2021): 11862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211862.
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Parental attitudes toward the importance of oral hygiene have an impact on the formation of their children’s oral habits and the prevalence of oral diseases. Our aim was to assess the association between parents’ education and socioeconomic status and their children’s oral health. A cross-sectional study was conducted between the years of 2018 and 2020 in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia among primary school children. Two pre-calibrated dentists performed the clinical examination of the children, and a self-administered validated questionnaire was obtained from their parents. Clinical examination was performed on 589 children with an age range of 3 to 14 years, where 47% were males and 53% were females, 70% with dental caries. Both parents with higher education and a high monthly income were significantly associated with lower prevalence of decayed teeth in their children, respectively. Mother’s education, age, gender and application of sealant were found significantly associated with the high prevalence of caries. High prevalence of tooth decay was reported among school children in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. A high educational level of parents and high income were correlated with a lower prevalence of decayed teeth, similarly to the situation in the case of presence of medical insurance.