Journal articles on the topic 'Women Health and hygiene Philippines Statistics'
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Jafree, Sara Rizvi, Anam Muzammil, Syeda Khadija Burhan, Nadia Bukhari, and Florian Fischer. "Impact of a digital health literacy intervention and risk predictors for multimorbidity among poor women of reproductive years: Results of a randomized-controlled trial." DIGITAL HEALTH 9 (January 2023): 205520762211445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076221144506.
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Objective The objective of this study was to deliver an intervention to improve health awareness for infection prevention, hygiene, and sanitation to assess its impact. Furthermore, it aimed to identify the risk of multimorbidity in women of reproductive years from low socio-economic background. Methods A randomized control trial was conducted in Pakistan among women aged 15–45 years. Overall, 820 women participated in the baseline survey; 388 women were part of the control group and 360 of the intervention group. A digital health literacy intervention was delivered by 91 trained community health workers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression. Results About 35.9% of women suffered from multimorbidity. The intervention group showed higher odds of confidence in managing health with respect to skill and technique acquisition (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.01–4.84), self-monitoring and insight (AOR = 2.97; 95% CI 1.29–6.80) as well as sanitation and hygiene (AOR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.07–1.93). Two primary outcomes related to hand hygiene and protective behavior against infection did not show any significant improvement. The secondary outcomes of the study related to impact on overall health-related quality of life, social integration and support, and emotional well-being also did not show any significant improvement. Conclusions Digital health literacy interventions and multimorbidity management for women of reproductive years at the primary level are a way forward to alleviate communicable and non-communicable disease burden in developing countries like Pakistan. These efforts are also critical to improve maternal and child health in developing regions.
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Chorna, V. V., V. M. Makhniuk, S. S. Khliestova, N. I. Gumeniuk, and H. V. Chaika. "Attitude of health care workers in the field of mental health to their health." Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) 26, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.2.234733.
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The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the degrees of value-motivational, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components in health care workers of psychiatric health care facilities concerning their health. The degree of risk and value of the personal hygiene of health care workers is determined. The main components and factors that affect the attitude to personal health are revealed. The awareness of the own emotional and cognitive experiences by the medical staff of psychiatric hospitals regarding the preservation and strengthening of their hygiene is analyzed. According to research on the value-motivational component of the medical staff of psychiatric health care concerning the place of personal health in the hierarchy of values in life, it was found that own health is on the second place – 15.2% males, nursing staff (NS), 15.1% females, are psychiatrists and women NS, 14.8% are men psychiatrists. In case of a deterioration of own health both women (35,6%), and men (35,5%) psychiatrists are engaged in self-treatment, the similar tendency is among NS – women NS – 31,3%, men NS – 31, 5%), in 25.8% of cases female psychiatrists and in 23.1% of men NS do not pay attention to the disease at all, which leads to occupational diseases and chronic diseases. At the same time, occupational diseases among doctors and NS do not exceed 10% of the total number of occupational diseases in Ukraine due to self-medication and early treatment. Therefore, the statistics of occupational diseases of health workers in that field are underestimated compared to the actual ones.
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Sultana, Rajea, Ela Rani Shom, and Fahima Khatun. "Menstrual hygiene practice between rural and urban high school adolescent girls in Bangladesh." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20200871.
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Background: Menstruation is a natural, normal biological process experienced by all adolescent girls and women. Urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection and complication during pregnancy are the impact of poor menstrual hygiene practices. The aim of this study is to compare the menstrual hygiene practice between rural and urban high school adolescent girls in Bangladesh.Methods: A descriptive comparative study design was used. Cluster sampling technique was used to select 120 study participants. The data were collected through self-reported questionnaire by structured questionnaires. In descriptive statistics; frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and in inferential statistics; chi-square-test, t-test was used to compare the menstrual hygiene practice between rural and urban. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.Results: There was significant difference between rural and urban girls regarding mean age at menarche (5.50, p = 0.000). There was a statistically significant difference between rural and urban girls using of sanitary pad (30.54, p = 0.000) and reusable cloth (38.92, p = 0.000).Conclusions: This study found that menstrual hygiene practice (MHP) was more among the urban high school adolescent girls than in the rural high school adolescent girls. The result provides baseline information regarding menstrual hygiene practice (MHP) among rural participants that’s why need more emphasize on health promotion and counseling program regarding menstrual hygiene practice (MHP) among rural and primary level health sectors in Bangladesh.
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Carpizo, Ruben, and Mercy N. Buhia. "Gender Differences towards Dental Health Knowledge, Attitude and Utilization of Dental Care." Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference 6, no. 1 (October 29, 2018): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.35974/isc.v6i1.1420.
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Understanding the effect of gender on oral health would facilitate the development of successful attitude and behavior modification approach towards sustainable oral health. This study assessed the behavior, knowledge, rate, and pattern of dental service utilization of the students and workers of Adventist University of the Philippines (AUP). It also tested the widely documented hypothesis that women have better oral health behavior, oral hygiene, and periodontal status but higher dental caries rates than men. Further, it determined what dental procedure is mostly utilized by the patients. The data were based on annual dental records of AUP Dental Department and oral interviews. From the dental record of the year 2017, a total of 2,472 patients visited the dental clinic for the following procedures: oral prophylaxis (40%), tooth extraction (13%), tooth restoration (14%), prosthodontics (7%) and orthodontics (25%). Among the dental procedures, women are always higher in number compared to men. In terms of gender, 960 or 39% of men and 1,512 or 69% of women visited the clinic revealing that women have dental visits more often than men. Oral prophylaxis and orthodontic are two of the most availed dental procedure while prosthodontics is the least. Despite AUP Clinic’s promotion for health care and health care services, dental health care utilization remains very low relating to the whole university population. Women are more concerned with oral health than men, contrary to other researches that males have higher oral health knowledge score than females. Gender differences have no significance in terms of dental care utilization. Participants’ oral health knowledge is at least average and they showed positive attitude towards dental treatment. It is recommended that more oral or dental health campaign be done; utilization of dental service fee among students be promoted; and the importance of oral health be taught.
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Arfaoui, Leila, Maisa Mortada, Haneen Ghandourah, and Wejdan Alghafari. "Food Safety Knowledge and Self-reported Practices among Saudi Women." Current Nutrition & Food Science 17, no. 8 (September 10, 2021): 891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401317666210322115237.
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Background: Foodborne diseases due to improper food handling in home kitchens are among the most significant public health challenges worldwide. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate food safety knowledge and selfreported practices among Saudi women. Methods: A total of 1490 women, aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this online survey. Collected and cured data were analyzed using descriptive statistics via the SPSS software. Chi-square (X2) test was performed to identify associations between variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Participants showed an overall knowledge score of 16.53±2.8/23 points (72%). About 4.5%, 57.5% and 38% had low, intermediate and good knowledge scores, respectively. Women had higher scores of knowledge in personal hygiene (5.2±0.8/6 points) and purchasing and storage (5.8±1.2/8 points) compared to food preparation and cooking (4.5±1.8/8 points). The overall practice score was 35.50±5.53/50 points (71%). About 7%, 52% and 41% of the participants exhibited low, intermediate and good practices scores, respectively. Participants’ practice scores of personal hygiene, utensils and equipment, purchasing and storage, and preparation and cooking were 11.10±2.33/15, 6.38±1.47/8, 8.72±1.84/12 and 9.30±2.08/15, respectively. Among the participants’ characteristics, women aged 26 years and older, those having marriage experience and those with children had significantly higher food safety knowledge (p<0.001) than the young, single and women without children. Moreover, women with higher levels of education and those employed in health-related professions showed significantly higher knowledge and practice scores than their counterparts (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study reported an intermediate overall food safety knowledge and practices among most adult Saudi women. Therefore, further targeted public education programs focusing mainly on food preparation and cooking are recommended to enhance women’s food safety knowledge and practices and thereby improve overall public health.
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Navales, Juneffer Villamen, Amadou Wurry Jallow, Chien Yu Lai, Chieh Yu Liu, and Shu Wen Chen. "Relationship between Quality of Nursing Work Life and Uniformed Nurses’ Attitudes and Practices Related to COVID-19 in the Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (September 22, 2021): 9953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18199953.
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(1) Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide. Uniformed nurses have played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines; however, uptake of literature is limited. This study assessed the relationship between quality of nursing work life (QNWL) and nurses’ attitudes and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Participants were recruited from four government hospitals in the Manila metropolitan area of the Philippines. Participants completed three questionnaires in an online survey: a demographic questionnaire, a QNWL questionnaire, and the attitude and practices toward COVID-19 questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear regression were applied for data analysis. (3) Results: The mean age of the participants was 29 years. Most of the participants were single women who were not certified in their specialties. A total of QNWL scores were high, indicating that the participants displayed favorable attitudes and practices in relation to COVID-19. A statistically significant relationship was observed between QNWL, specialty certification, and practices related to COVID-19. Practices related to COVID-19 were a significant predictor of QNWL and one of its subscales, work design. (4) Conclusion: Young adult uniformed nurses in the Philippines have assumed numerous responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Providing these frontline nurses with comprehensive specialized education and training is crucial.
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Das, Dilip Kumar, Tamal Chakraborty, Saumik Chakraborty, Kaushik Tripura, Arindam Datta, and Anuranjita Pal. "A cross sectional study on menstrual hygiene practices among the village women attending a primary health centre, Tripura." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 3332. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193450.
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Background: Hygienic practices performed by the rural women during menstrual cycle is often remain unsatisfactory, resulting adverse health outcomes and poor productivity. Assessment of the practices among different population groups as well as different geographical locations thus has been a priority issue. The objective of this study is to assess the menstrual hygiene practices among the village women attending a Primary Health Centre of Sipahijala district, Tripura.Methods: The study was conducted among 141 village women of reproductive age group (15-49 years), visited Madhupur primary health centre, Sipahijala district, Tripura for some other health conditions. Unwilling individuals were excluded from the study. Data were collected using a pre-designed pre tested schedule by interviewing the participants for basic socio-demographic variables as well as questions related to hygienic practices during menstrual period. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 20 and presented using principles of descriptive statistics. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Ethics Committee, Tripura Medical College.Results: Majority of the study subjects belonged to 21-30 years of age group (49.3%). Cloth was the major absorbent material (44.0%) followed by sanitary napkin (36.2%). 47.5% of the study subjects reused the material. Only 2.1% of the study subjects changed the material less than 2 times/day. More than 90% of the study subjects clean their private parts regularly. 66.0% of the study subjects disposed the material in dustbin.Conclusions: Majority of the participants were performing satisfactory menstrual hygienic practices. However, large scale analytical studies will be helpful to draw a definite conclusion about influence of sociodemographic factors on menstrual hygiene practices.
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Lu, J. L. "Burnout as a form of mental health problem among nurses in the Philippines." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S338—S339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.295.
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IntroductionNurses are among the health professionals that are confronted with burnout due to workload demands. The dominance of females in the profession reinforce the prevailing notion that the caring professions such as nursing are relegated to women. This gives the study its gender perspective.ObjectivesTo determine the interaction between situational, factors, role stressors, hazard exposure and personal factors in the largest tertiary hospital in the Philippines.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study, which aimed to determine the interaction between situational, factors, role stressors, hazard exposure and personal factors among 246 nurses consisting most of females (78.5%) from the different wards and units in the Philippines General Hospital (PGH).ResultsAlmost half (49.6%) of the respondents reported being ill due to work in the past year, and 56.1% missed work because of an illness. Correlation statistics using the Spearman's rho showed organizational role stressors was most significant in burnout among nurses in the Philippine's largest tertiary hospital. Organizational role stressors consisted of ten dimensions, namely:– inter-role distance (IRD);– role stagnation (RS);– role expectation conflict (REC);– role erosion (RE);– role overload (RO);– role isolation (RI);– personal inadequacy (PI);– self-role distance (SRD);– role ambiguity;– resource inadequacy (RIn).ConclusionThe contribution of the study is in advancing new concepts in the already existing framework of burnout, and thus, can assist nurses and hospital administration on how to control this problem.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
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Rueda López, Ramón, Teresa López-Felipe, Virginia Navajas-Romero, and Antonio Menor-Campos. "Lessons from the First Wave of COVID-19. What Security Measures Do Women and Men Require from the Hotel Industry to Protect against the Pandemic?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 2232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052232.
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The tourism sector in general and the hotel sector in particular face the challenge of managing appropriate security measures to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this sense, it is useful to know which measures are most demanded by the clientele. This research, through non-parametric statistics tests, concluded that women are more demanding than men in relation to the security measures to be taken in hotels. More specifically, this research concludes that women are more demanding than men in relation to a set of measures including ensuring good hygiene conditions, the use of disinfectants, the existence of health and information checks, adapting the establishment to WHO recommendations, obtaining quality certification, measuring temperature, the need to provide information on protocols and measures, and the elimination of physical contact between people. This, as a practical application, makes it possible to know more accurately about the safety requirements of sex-segmented customers in the face of future health crises, allowing tourist managers to offer safer destinations and the hotel sector better health conditions for their clients.
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Drąsutienė, Gražina Stanislava, Nijolė Drazdienė, Audronė Arlauskienė, Diana Ramašauskaitė, Jolita Zakarevičienė, Edita Kazėnaitė, Vytautas Basys, Jonas Drąsutis, Indrė Sakalauskaitė, and Vilija Sniečkuvienė. "Trends in maternal health in Lithuania 1995–2014." Acta medica Lituanica 23, no. 2 (July 31, 2016): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.6001/actamedica.v23i2.3328.
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Background. The Lithuanian Perinatology Program, orders issued by the Ministry of Health, regulating the care and treatment of mothers and their infants, and the well-running perinatal care system helped to improve the diagnostics and treatment of pregnancy pathology. Over the last 20 years, Lithuania has experienced significant improvements in the maternal and perinatal health. Materials and methods. Data was collected from the official statistics database, Medical Data of Births, provided by the Institute of Hygiene Health Information Centre, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, and the Vilnius University Centre of Neonatology in 1995–2014. Results. The average maternal age at delivery ranged from 25.8 years in 1995 to 28.8 years in 2014. The comparison of 2001 and 2014 data shows that the incidence of gestational diabetes increased by 6.7 times due to the improved diagnosis. The percentage of hypertensive disorders decreased from 6.1% in 1997 to 3.2% in 2014. Between 1995 and 2014, the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women declined by half. The marked decrease in respiratory, urinary, genital and other diseases was observed among pregnant women. From 1995 to 2014, in Lithuania there were 67 maternal deaths related to pregnancy and childbirth. Hemorrhage and infections during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period are considered the most common causes of maternal death.
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MOHAMADIMOGHADAM, Marzieh, Seyed Hojat SHAKIB, and Fatemeh SALMANI. "INVESTIGATING THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF PREGNANT WOMEN ABOUT PERIODONTAL HEALTH AND ORAL HEALTH, AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE FETUS DURING PREGNANCY." Periódico Tchê Química 18, no. 38 (July 28, 2021): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v18.n38.2021.13_mohamadimoghadam_pgs_176_187.pdf.
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Background: Periodontal infection leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm delivery, low birth weight, preeclampsia, miscarriage, or early pregnancy loss. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women about periodontal health and oral health and their effect on the fetus. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study on 210 pregnant women in the first and second trimesters referring to health centers in Birjand in 2019. The tool used in this study was a researchermade questionnaire with four parts: women's demographic information, and women's knowledge, attitude, and practice, the validity, and reliability of which were confirmed. After data collection, it was entered into SPSS software version 22 and then analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. The significance level was considered 0.05 in all tests. Results and Discussion: In this study, the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women were 5.6 ±1.92, 55.9 ± 5.1, and 25.9± 3.7, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean attitude score and mothers' age. There was also a significant difference between the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of women and significant difference in knowledge, attitude, and practice of employee and housewife pregnant women; In terms practice, there were significant differences between pregnant housewives and self-employed women. There was a significant relationship between the mean of these scores and mothers' jobs so that the mean scores were higher in employed women than others. Conclusions: The results of our study showed that the average score of knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women in Birjand regarding oral hygiene during pregnancy is not satisfactory and appropriate.
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Catão, Carmem Dolores de Sá, Thaissa de Amorim Gomes, Rachel Queiroz Ferreira Rodrigues, and Renata de Souza Coelho Soares. "Evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women about the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 44, no. 1 (February 2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.1078.
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INTRODUCTION: Chronic persistent low-level infection in pregnant women, such as periodontal disease (PD) may impair maternal-fetal unit, since the infectious process induces the release of chemical mediators involved in the process of prematurity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge of mothers as regards the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications. METHOD: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 104 pregnant women indexed in the Primary Care Information System (SIAB), in the Family Health Strategies (FHS), using a structured questionnaire. Data were recorded in SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULT: Most patients (64.4%) were domestic workers, (48.1%) aged 24 to 34 years, (55.8%) showed complete the 2nd grade and incomplete high school education, and (49%) were primiparous. Among the participants, 76% were unaware of the relationship between oral disease, prematurity and giving birth to low birth weight babies. Statistically significant association was found between: educational level and knowledge about prenatal dental care (p = 0.012); since it was shown that 90.4% ignored the existence of this activity and 65.4% had never received information about the care of baby's oral hygiene (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Most women were unaware of the relationship of PD with prematurity, and showed lack of information about the care of mother and baby oral hygiene, highlighting the need for greater integration between the dental surgeon and other primary care professionals to promote oral health care of pregnant women and reduce the ratio of PD with pregnancy complications.
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Fabrigas, Yves Clark, and Jestoni D. Maniago. "Ayta’s Indigenous Healthcare Practices: A Descriptive-Qualitative Study." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n3p408.
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This descriptive qualitative study aimed to describe the healthcare practices of Aytas at Lakas Pamayanan, Philippines. The researchers who were culturally immersed to the community involved 100 Aytas of LAKAS Pamayanan who comprised of tribal leaders, tribal healers and tribal members. Ethical approval was secured from appropriate agencies and the participants provided their consent to conduct this research. Research techniques employed were interviews, non-participant observation and video documentation. For almost three years of cultural immersion and data gathering, the following insights were revealed: (1) Aytas still believed that sickness was caused by weather, ‘kamana’ and supernatural forces of nature. (2) The diversity of herbal medicines and its preparation have cultural importance to Aytas’ different stages of life and different healing practices. (3) Aytas still used natural supplements such as bamboo blades for cutting umbilical cords and ‘bigkis’ for Ayta women who have just given birth. (4) There were not much of healthcare practices during puberty, adolescence and adulthood except for menstrual beliefs and circumcision because these part of their lives was concerned to their cultural views. (5) Aytas perceived that technology, media and modernization as well as the medical missions and outreach programs disconnect them from their cultural identity. (6) Aytas have shown some reception to public health programs such as hygiene. Aytas were able to preserve their cultural healthcare practices up to this time. It was recommended to develop a culturally-congruent nursing care model that will streamline evidence-based practice for indigenous groups in the Philippines.
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Kpodo, Lebene, Matilda Aberese-Ako, Wisdom Kudzo Axame, Martin Adjuik, and Margaret Gyapong. "Socio-cultural factors associated with knowledge, attitudes and menstrual hygiene practices among Junior High School adolescent girls in the Kpando district of Ghana: A mixed method study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 10 (October 4, 2022): e0275583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275583.
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Background Good menstrual hygiene practice is critical to the health of adolescent girls and women. In Ghanaian public schools, the School Health Education Program which includes menstrual health education has been instituted to equip adolescents with knowledge on menstruation and its related good hygiene practices. However, in most communities, menstruation is scarcely discussed openly due to mostly negative social and religious beliefs about menstruation. In this study, we examined socio-cultural factors associated with knowledge, attitudes and menstrual hygiene practices among Junior High School adolescent girls in the Kpando Municipality of Ghana. Materials and methods A mixed method approach was employed with 480 respondents. A survey was conducted among 390 adolescent girls using interviewer-administered questionnaires to collect data on knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) using a discussion guide were conducted among 90 respondents in groups of 9 members. The FGD was used to collect data on socio-cultural beliefs and practices regarding menstruation. Descriptive and inferential statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data respectively. Results Most (80%) of the study participants had good knowledge of menstruation. Also, most (82%) of the participants practiced good menstrual hygiene. Attending a public (AOR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.12–0.48, p<0.001) and rural (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.21–0.75, p<0.01) school was significantly associated with reduced odds of practicing good menstrual hygiene. Good knowledge of menstruation was associated with increased odds of good hygiene practices (AOR = 4.31, 95% CI = 2.39–7.90, p<0.001). Qualitative results showed that teachers provided adolescents with more detailed biological information on menstruation than key informants (family members) did at menarche. However, both teachers and family members spoke positively of menstruation to adolescent girls. Social and religious beliefs indicate that menstruation is evil and unclean. Such beliefs influenced community members’ attitudes towards adolescent girls and led to practices such as isolating menstruating girls and limiting their ability to interact and participate in certain community and religious activities. Conclusion Despite the prominence of negative social and religious beliefs about menstruation, good menstrual hygiene practice was high among study participants. Knowledge of menstruation; place of residents; and type of school were the major factors associated with good menstrual hygiene practice. It is therefore, necessary to intensify the School Health Education Program in both rural and urban public and intensively involve private schools as well to ensure equal access to accurate information on menstruation and good menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls.
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Alvey, J., K. Divaris, L. Lytle, W. F. Vann, and J. Y. Lee. "What Child Oral Health–Related Behaviors Can First-time Mothers Actualize? A Pragmatic Prospective Study." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 5, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 366–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084419892554.
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Introduction: First-time pregnant women are considered to be receptive to health information, rendering the prenatal period an opportune time to provide helpful information on the importance of child-related oral health. However, little is known about pregnant women’s knowledge of child oral health–related behaviors (COHBs) during pregnancy and their implementation after birth. We sought to address this knowledge gap by a prospective investigation of intended and actualized oral health behaviors among first-time pregnant women. Methods: We examined relationships between intended and actualized COHBs and their correlations with changes in oral health knowledge, health literacy, general self-efficacy, and dental neglect in a cohort of first-time pregnant clients at Women, Infants, and Children sites in North Carolina—participants of a large community-based study. The COHBs were related to diet (i.e., frequency of fruit juice and sweet snacks consumption and nighttime bottle-feeding) and oral hygiene practices (e.g., performance of daily oral hygiene and use of fluoridated toothpaste). Analyses relied on descriptive statistics and bivariate tests (Student’s t and McNemar’s). Data were collected from 48 participants (White, 44%; African American, 40%; Native American, 17%) at baseline and again at least 12 months after the birth of their first child. Results: On average, most mothers actualized 3 of 5 COHBs (range, 1 to 4). Significant differences between before and after birth were noted for frequency of sweet snacks consumption and putting the baby in bed with a bottle. No correlation was found between knowledge, literacy, self-efficacy, neglect, and sociodemographic characteristics and COHB actualization. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that first-time mothers in the studied population are likely to implement some but not all positive intended COHBs during pregnancy. Interventions are needed to assist women in implementing these practices. We support that, for prenatal interventional efforts to reap positive benefits, messaging should be personalized and include specific guidance on how to implement these recommendations. Knowledge Transfer Statement: A knowledge gap exists in our understanding of the relationship between first-time mothers’ intended and actualized child oral health behaviors, with implications in the optimal timing of infant and early childhood oral health messaging. Our findings suggest that first-time mothers are likely to implement some but not all positive behaviors that they intended to adopt during pregnancy. Interventions are needed to assist women in implementing these practices.
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Raut, Manoj Kumar, Daliya Sebastian, and Ananta Basudev Sahu. "Monitoring of health and nutrition sustainable development goals and indicators: a case of estimation of denominators in thirteen 100 million+ countries for the mid-year of 2017." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 5 (April 24, 2018): 1844. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181687.
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Background: The success of any program is measured by continuous monitoring through service statistics for a periodic oversight and through evaluation surveys to measure the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and impact of activities in the light of specified objectives. Service statistics need a lot of indicators to be tracked on a regular basis. The service statistics provide us with numerators. To understand the numerators more meaningfully, we need to standardize them by using specific denominators. So, denominators have to be estimated, which can enable computation of indicators for monitoring purposes. Census and large scale sample surveys provide proportions to calculate denominators for program monitoring purposes.Methods: This paper uses demographic techniques to estimate denominators for the thirteen 100 million plus countries as of UN projections, 2017 of Philippines, Ethiopia, Japan, Mexico, Russian Federation, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Pakistan, Brazil, Indonesia, United States of America, India and China.Results: The denominators have been estimated for number of live births, number of annual pregnancies, the first 1,000 days, children and women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years), pregnant, lactating, non-pregnant and non-lactating women, elderly in the age group of 60+ years.Conclusions: The estimations of denominators at the sub-national levels becomes quite challenging due to the scarce availability of data to be used as proportions for different population groups. But, once, the methodology is improved with appropriate data, it could serve as a boon for annual program monitoring process at multiple data time points between two national surveys and between two consecutive censuses.
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Wassihun, Biresaw, Abayineh Ayinalem, and Kassaw Beyene. "Knowledge of oral health during pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care at South Omo Zone public hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2021." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 29, 2022): e0273795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273795.
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Background The awareness of women towards oral health during pregnancy is an important aspect of her general health. It can compromise pregnancy outcomes, as well as it may affect the newborn’s overall health. Every pregnant woman plays a critical role in shaping the oral hygiene habits adopted by her if she is aware of pregnancy-related oral health and result in good perinatal outcomes. This study aimed to assess knowledge of oral health during pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant mothers who attend antenatal care at South Omo Zone public hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending routine antenatal care from October 01 to November 30. A systematic random sampling method was conducted to select study participants. Data had been collected through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. Data were entered using epi data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 for data analysis. Descriptive statistics had calculated for each variable, and binary logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence intervals was carried out to assess the factors associated with the outcome variables. Variables with P-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Result Overall good knowledge of pregnant mothers regarding oral health was 34.1% with 95% CI, (32.76, 35.44). Having access to health facility (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI, 1.44, 4.70), having the educational status of secondary and above (AOR 1.37, 95% CI, 1.44, 4.31), having the educational status of primary education (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI, 0.20, 0.92), having a median income of > = 1500 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 0.41, 95% CI, 0.23, 0.72), being governmental employee (AOR = 0.11, 95% CI, 0.03, 0.41), received oral health hygiene counseling during pregnancy (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI, 1.62, 2.84) were significantly associated with good knowledge of oral health of pregnant mothers. Conclusion This study showed that the knowledge of pregnant mothers about oral health was 34.1%. Educational status, monthly income, occupation, access to health services, and receiving counseling on oral hygiene at antenatal care were some factors associated with good knowledge of oral health during pregnancy. Therefore strengthening counseling during antenatal care, improving access to a health facility, improving educational status, monthly income, and being government employee are crucial to enhance knowledge of women towards oral health during pregnancy.
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Reid, Alison, Alison Daly, and Marc Schenker. "O4C.2 Impact of precarious work on the wellbeing of women and migrants in australia." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A36.2—A36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.98.
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IntroductionWomen and migrants are more likely to be in precarious work than men and native-born workers. Precarious work impacts adversely on work-related injuries, fatalities and health but little is known about how it affects the wellbeing of women and migrant workers. The aims of this study are; (1) to examine whether precarious work differs by migration status and sex and 2) to determine whether the impact of precarious work on the wellbeing of women and migrants differs to that of males and native-born workers.MethodsIn 2016/17 a national telephone survey examined psychosocial workplace hazards among 1630 migrant and 1051 Australian-born workers. Precarious work (vulnerability and job insecurity) and wellbeing were collected with sociodemographic and employment variables. Higher scores indicate greater vulnerability/insecurity/less wellbeing. Univariate statistics examined the association between precarious work and wellbeing by sex and country of birth. Stratified linear regression modelled the relationship between precarious work and wellbeing by sex.ResultsIndependent of country of birth, females had higher vulnerability (µ=6.5, σ=3.4) than males (µ=5.5, σ=3.6), in contrast to job insecurity (Women µ=8.2, σ=4.0; Men µ=8.2, σ=3.9). Workers born in the Philippines had higher vulnerability compared with other migrant workers (µ=6.6, σ=3.4 vs µ=5.9, σ=3.6) whereas workers born in India had higher employment insecurity compared with other migrant workers (µ=8.8, σ=4.1 vs µ=8.1, σ=3.9). Increasing vulnerability and insecurity adversely impacted wellbeing most in Australian workers. Compared with men, vulnerability had a greater adverse impact on the wellbeing of women.DiscussionTwo dimensions of precarious work impact the wellbeing of men and women differently. Vulnerability impacts women most whereas work insecurity impacts men. For Australian born, the impact of either dimension on wellbeing is greater than for migrant workers.
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Romaniuk, D. H. "PREGNANT WOMEN'S LEVEL OF SANITARY AND HYGIENIC KNOWLEDGE ON THE DENTAL DISEASES PREVENTION." Neonatology, surgery and perinatal medicine 12, no. 3(45) (December 6, 2022): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2413-4260.xii.3.45.2022.5.
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Early childhood caries results from many factors, including behavioral, nutritional, and social. The state of the mother's oral health, her knowledge on the prevention of dental diseases and attitude to oral hygiene in general significantly impact the child's oral health status in the future.Objective of the study. This study aims to identify the level of pregnant women's sanitary and hygienic knowledge on the preventionof dental diseases by assessing the results of the questionnaire.Materials and methods. To study the level of knowledge and skills of expectant mothers in the prevention of dental diseases, we conducted a questionnaire survey of pregnant women using a Google-form. The total number of respondents was 101. The survey was conducted via social networks. Methods of descriptive statistics were used. All bioethical norms concerning clinical research inaccordance with the provisions of GCP (1996), Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine (04.04.1997), WMA Helsinki Declaration on Ethical Principles of Scientific Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (1964-2013), Order of Ministry of Health № 690 dated September 23, 2009, were observed during the study.Results and discussion. Survey data showed a significant need for dental treatment among pregnant women, which they were aware of (55.4%). However, this need is mainly realized by necessity (52.5%) and not by regular preventive check-ups. Only 33.7% ofrespondents have regular annual dental check-ups, which is a sign of responsible attitude towards one’s own health, but the frequency of check-ups is insufficient. 10.9% of female respondents have an adequate level of preventive dental care. Oral hygiene level among pregnant women with regard to the basic manipulation of tooth brushing is as follows: 65.35% of respondents do it twice a day, 25.74%brush their teeth once a day and the rest do it irregularly. In addition to toothbrush and toothpaste, pregnant women also use floss (70.30%), mouthwash (73.27%) and other items and products (20.79%).The questions related to knowledge and skills of pregnant women regarding the prevention of dental diseases in children showedthat the majority of expectant mothers are unaware of the basic rules of child oral care. When asked "Who/What motivates you to choose oral hygiene items and products?" only 18.81% of respondents said that they follow the advice of their dentist. The majority (64.37%) chooses products using TV and social media ads, and 15.84% of respondents said their choice was influenced by promotional offers.Premature use of the above products disrupts the normal process of naturation of the enamel of primary teeth, resulting in its rapid destruction under the influence of cariogenic factors.Conclusions. The results of the questionnaire of pregnant women showed that the level of their sanitary and hygienic knowledge is insufficient for the formation of proper hygiene skills among them and their children, as well as for the implementation of preventive measures for major dental diseases. In particular, it has been revealed that a significant percentage of children born and living in Chernivtsi are exposed to such cariogenic factors as inappropriate feeding regime and excessive consumption of carbohydrates in theform of drinks and food, inadequate oral care and delayed qualified dental care.
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Morel, Laura Lourenço, Anna Paula da Rosa Possebon, Fernanda Faot, and Luciana de Rezende Pinto. "Prevalence of risk factors for denture stomatitis in complete denture wearers." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 18 (April 8, 2019): e191414. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v18i0.8655147.
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Aim: The prevalence of denture stomatitis and the relationship with its risk factors was evaluated via secondary data from 62 complete denture (CD) wearers, between 2015 and 2017. Methods: The data was stored in an Excel database and was analyzed using the statistics software STATA/SE 12.0. A descriptive analysis was performed taking into account a categorization of the clinical variables according to risk factor in 4 domains: CD usage, systemic health, hygiene habits, and usage habits. The association amongst the denture stomatitis and risk factors variables was tested by the Chi-square test and the results were statistically significant at p-values <0.05. Results: The CD wearers participants were composed by a majority of elderly (80.64%) and women (72.78%); with 45.16% having been using the current denture for more than 10 years and another 74.19% related a continuous usage. Diabetes and hypertension were related by 83.87% and 67.74%, respectively, with 87.10% using medication. Although 75.80% reported cleaning their dentures 3 times per day or more, and 59.68% considered their oral hygiene very good, 50% of the complete dentures showed dirtiness and clinical signs of Denture Stomatitis were present in 30.64% of the patients. Despite of the evaluated sample shows many risk factors for the development of the disease, an association between the variables was not observed. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of the disease in the studied sample, preventive and educational measures on denture usage and hygiene must be reinforced in order to maintain the oral health of the edentulous patients.
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Rigo, Lilian, Jaqueline Dalazen, and Raíssa Rigo Garbin. "Impact of dental orientation given to mothers during pregnancy on oral health of their children." Einstein (São Paulo) 14, no. 2 (June 2016): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082016ao3616.
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ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the perception of mothers about oral health of their children, as well as to check the influence of demographic variables, perception and preventive practice in oral health of mothers regarding guidance received during pregnancy. Methods Quantitative and cross-sectional field study, with a non-probability sample formed by all mothers who attended the primary healthcare unit of Ijuí (RS), Brazil, from January to July 2014, comprising a sample of 79 women. Self-applied questionnaires were given to these mothers. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics, the χ2 test at a significance level of 5%. Results The mothers who received dental orientation during pregnancy had greater perception of oral health of their children. The mean age of mothers was 26 years, most of them attended high school education (32.9%) and worked outside the home (60.8%). There was a statistically significant relation between the outcome variable, dental orientation during pregnancy, and the independent variables: schooling level of mothers, occupation, baby’s first visit to the dentist, duration of breastfeeding, beginning of baby’s tooth brushing and knowledge about dental decay (p<0.005). Conclusion Mothers with higher schooling levels and who worked outside the home had more knowledge about oral care, because they received dental orientation during pregnancy. The dental guidance during pregnancy influences the mother in the procedures adopted with their children, as to early oral hygiene, first dentist appointment, duration of breastfeeding, knowledge about the factors that lead to dental decay.
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Prajapati, Jagruti, and Riddhi Patel. "Menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls: A cross sectional study in urban community of Gandhinagar." Journal of Medical Research 1, no. 4 (August 25, 2015): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2015.1406.
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Background: Menstruation & menstrual practices are still bounded by socio cultural restriction & taboos resulting in adolescent girls remain ignore of scientific facts & hygienic practices during menstruation. Increase knowledge about menstruation right from childhood may escalate safe practices and may help in mitigating the suffering of millions of women. Aims & Objectives: (1) To assess the knowledge and the practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls. (2)To assess the restrictions practiced by adolescent girls during menstruation. Study Design: Cross sectional, descriptive, community based study. Setting: Anganawadi centers (AWCs) of Urban Health Training Center (UHTC) of GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. Methodology: Total 7 AWCs under UHC 24 in which approximately 155 girls were enrolled. All adolescent girls fit to inclusion criteria & give consent were taken as study subject. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was collected regarding menstrual cycle, knowledge about menstruation, practices during menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Statistics: Data entry & analysis was carried out in Microsoft excel. Statistical analysis was done by using frequency. Results: Out of 88 respondents, 50% attained menarche at the age between 12-14 yrs. Maximum number of girls (65.9%) have blood flow for 2-5 days while 18.2% have excessive blood flow. Out of total 39.8% girls know about menstruation before menarche and majority of (48.9%) reported mother as a source of information regarding menstruation. Only 17% girls have correct knowledge regarding organ form where bleeding occurs while 33.1 % girls were knew that menstruation is a physiological process. 21.6% girls believed that there is a toxin in menstrual blood. Sanitary pad was used by 26.1% girls. Those who were using cloth pieces out of them 33.8% facing problem of washing & drying either due to shortage of water, lack of privacy or drying. Around 30% girls were not using sanitary pad because of cost. The relation between mother’s education & knowledge regarding menstruation before menarche was not significant(X2= 2.41, P>0.05). Conclusion: Menstrual hygiene was satisfactory among adolescent girls but lack of knowledge & awareness regarding menstruation. Education regarding reproductive health & hygiene should be given by Anganawadi workers as well as included as a part of school curriculum. All mothers irrespective of their educational status should be taught to break their inhibitions about discussing with their daughters regarding menstruation before age of menarche.
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Ohkubo, Mai, Atsushi Hanzawa, Keina Miura, Tetsuya Sugiyama, Ryo Ishida, and Ken-ichi Fukuda. "Clinical Statistics of Dysphagia Rehabilitation Provided on Dental Visits to a Partner Hospital." Rehabilitation Research and Practice 2022 (April 11, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5952423.
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Maintaining oral hygiene is an important yet often neglected aspect of rehabilitation medicine. Our visiting dental team, which provides dental treatments and swallowing rehabilitation, partnered with a medical hospital that had no dental department and began visiting and treating inpatients at this hospital. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of dysphagia rehabilitation, and this was jointly conducted by medical and dental hospitals. The survey was conducted between May 2017 and March 2018. We retrospectively examined dysphagia rehabilitation provided to 25 patients (12 men and 13 women) aged 40–92 years (mean age: 77.1 ± 12.3 years). The largest number of requests for dental treatment was received from the internal medicine department (13 requests, 52.0%). A total of 39 videofluoroscopic or videoendoscopic examinations of swallowing interventions for dysphagia rehabilitation were conducted. All patients’ oral and swallowing functions were evaluated using the functional oral intake scale (FOIS). At initial assessment, 9, 13, and 0 patients were at FOIS levels 1, 2, and 3 (use of tube feeding), respectively, and 1, 2, and 0 patients were at FOIS levels 4, 5, and 6 (only oral feeding), respectively. At the final assessment, 6, 10, and 4 patients were at FOIS levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 0, 2, and 3 patients were at FOIS levels 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Oral and swallowing functions differed significantly between the first and final visits ( p = 0.02 ). Visits conducted by a team of oral health practitioners to a medical hospital without a dental department appear to have a major impact and will become even more important in the future.
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Šniepienė, Gražina, and Judita Jonuševičienė. "COSMETICS USAGE HABITS AND RELATED SIDE EFFECTS AMONG FEMALES: LITHUANIAN CASE." CBU International Conference Proceedings 7 (September 30, 2019): 824–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v7.1462.
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Background. Nowadays, it is generally recognized that physical appearance is important, women are particularly interested in their aesthetic appearance and the use of various cosmetic products. The long-term usage habits of cosmetic products have influenced not only the condition of the skin and hair but also on human health.
The aim of the survey was to investigate cosmetics use habits and related side effects among females.
Methods: A quantitative survey was performed; an original questionnaire based on scientific resources was used, used data collection method - a written survey. Survey sample – 336 Lithuanian women. Data analysis was performed using the social research statistics program SPSS 25.0. Percentage frequencies were calculated for ordinal variables - averages and standard deviations. The Pearson’s Chi-Square test and the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney tests were used to detect statistically significant differences. The significance level selected was p <0.05.
Results. The survey revealed the prevalence and frequency of the use of cosmetic products by women, as well as the choice criteria for selecting cosmetic products. The side effects related to the use of cosmetics experienced by women are investigated as well as some practices and habits regarding the use of cosmetics.
Conclusions. The study shows that the choice criteria of cosmetic products differ among separate women age groups. The older women are more concerned about the composition of the products, their naturalness, and the manufacturer, while the price is less important. Most commonly used are personal hygiene products including deodorants and perfumers. The older women use less cosmetic products (p <0.05) than the younger ones. The majority of women have experienced side effects related to the use of cosmetics. The study shows that the occurrence of side effects does not depend on the number of products used. However, they are related to the use habits: women who experience side effects more often (p <0.05) use expired cosmetic products. In addition, women with side effects are less likely to use cosmetic testers.
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Irum, Bushra, Muhammad Asif, Bakhtawar Mumtaz, and Naveed Aslam. "EFFECT OF DENTAL PROXIMAL RESTORATIONS ON PERIODONTAL HEALTH IN PATIENTS." Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad 34, no. 4(SUPPL 1) (October 11, 2022): 987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.55519/jamc-04-s4-10454.
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Background: The oral cavity is colonized by more than 700 species of bacteria and hundreds of those can be present within oral biofilms. Objective was to determine the frequency of periodontal attachment loss in patients with dental proximal restorations. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients with Class II (mesial /distal or mesio-occluso-distal composite and amalgam restorations. The minimum duration of pre-existing restoration for which periodontal attachment loss was assessed was more than 3 months. Patients wearing orthodontic appliances, pregnant women, patients having systemic health problems with well-established links to periodontal diseases such as diabetes mellitus and patients who had received periodontal treatment within the last 3 months were excluded. Periodontal Pocket depth and bleeding on probing was recorded using WHO periodontal probe. Pocket depth greater than 3 mm was considered pathologic. The data were analyzed using the SPSS, version 20. Descriptive statistics were computed. Chi square test was applied to compare the effects of duration of restoration and type of teeth on periodontal attachment loss. Results: Of total 100 participants 65 (65%) were males and 35 (35%) were females. The mean age was 30.74±9.21 years. In 14% cases having class II or Mesio occluso distal restorations normal pocket depth was recorded while 86% had pathologic pockets. Teeth where proximal restorations were present for more than one year were most commonly associated (29%) with pathologic pockets followed by proximal restorations which were present for three months (25%). As the duration of proximal restoration increased, the frequency of periodontal pathologic pockets increased (p<0.001) The prevalence of periodontal pocket was more in molars than premolars (p<0.001). Conclusion: Proximal restoration can be a significant risk factor for periodontal disease. Strict oral hygiene, proper design of restoration margin and supportive periodontal therapy is the utmost responsibility of the clinician.
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Llamas-Clark, Erlidia F., Rebecca B. Singson, Francisco M. Heralde, Mayan U. Lumandas, Maria Esterlita T. Villanueva-Uy, Maria Stephanie Fay S. Cagayan, Zypher Jude G. Regencia, and Emmanuel S. Baja. "Risk factors of COVID-19 vertical transmission among pregnant and non-pregnant Filipinos in Metro Manila: a multicentre cohort study protocol." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (April 2022): e053389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053389.
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IntroductionThe novel (COVID-19 was first reported to have originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This new strain, SARS‐CoV‐2, has spread rapidly worldwide, prompting the WHO to declare the COVID-19 outbreak a global pandemic. The main objective of this cohort study is to determine the risk factors of COVID-19, the modes of COVID-19 vertical transmission, and the maternal and fetal outcomes among non-pregnant and pregnant women and their fetuses.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre epidemiological study that will involve a prospective cohort. COVID-19 status among consulting non-pregnant and pregnant women in public hospitals in Manila, Philippines, will be determined and monitored for 6–12 months. Swab specimens from the nasopharynx, cervix, rectum, amniotic fluid, placenta, cord blood and breastmilk will be collected during consult and admission for reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) testing. Blood will be collected during the postdelivery period to monitor the women and their neonates for any undue development and determine the antibody development to indicate an infective or non-infective state. Evidence of vertical transmission will be explored with the presence or absence of the virus using the maternal and fetal neonatal RT-PCR and lateral flow antibody status. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be done, including the associations between exposures and risk factors, description of clinical characteristics, and the COVID-19 status of the participants.Ethics and disseminationThe Single Joint Research Ethics Board of the Department of Health has approved this protocol (SJREB 2020-30). The study results will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed articles, and various stakeholder public forums and activities.
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Hailu, Tadesse, Bayeh Abera, Wondemagegn Mulu, Simachew Kassa, Ashenafi Genanew, and Arancha Amor. "Prevalence and Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Pregnant Women in West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia." Journal of Parasitology Research 2020 (August 6, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8855362.
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Background. Intestinal parasitic infections are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan countries. The disease burden of these parasites is significantly high among pregnant women in developing countries like Ethiopia. Poor living conditions, sanitation, and hygiene are believed to be the contributing factors. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of intestinal parasitic infection and factors associated with pregnant women. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2017 to June 2017. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain the sociodemographic and other explanatory variables via face-to-face interviews. Stool samples were collected and examined using formol ether concentration technique. The magnitude of parasitic infection was calculated using descriptive statistics. The association between intestinal parasitic infection and determinant factors was assessed by logistic regression. The differences were considered to be statistically significant if the p value was less than 0.05. Results. From a total of 743 pregnant women, the overall prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was 277 (37.3%). The prevalence of hookworm 138 (18.6%) was the leading cause of intestinal parasitosis followed by E. histolytica/dispar 113 (15.2%). Dwelling in rural area (AOR: 2.9 (95% CI: 1.85-4.85)), being a farmer (AOR: 1.91 (95% CI: 1.20-3.03)), eating raw vegetables (AOR: 1.45, 95% CI:0.09-0.24), lack of proper use of latrine (AOR: 2.89 (95%1.18-7.08)), poor environmental sanitation (AOR: 0.19 (95%: CI:0.08-0.47)), habit of soil eating (AOR: 0.42 (95% CI: 0.25-0.72)), having irrigation practice (AOR: 0.47 (95% CI: 0.29-0.77)), and lack of health education (AOR: 0.32 (95% CI: 0.13-0.77)) were significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections. Conclusions. Intestinal parasitic infection is a major problem among pregnant women in the study area. High parasitic infection is associated with poor hygienic and sanitation practices. Therefore, awareness creation through health education should be given to pregnancy on intestinal parasitic infection and associated factors.
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Omoyajowo, K. O., A. L. Ogunyebi, O. A. Adenekan, T. I. Bakare, B. O. Omoyajowo, O. E. Odipe, and I. A. Samuel. "Awareness of Toxicological Impact and Risk of using Talcum Powder as a Factor for Ovarian Cancer among Women in three Metropolitan Cities of Southwestern States, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 25, no. 7 (November 22, 2021): 1191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i7.14.
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This study evaluated the public awareness level on the toxicological nature of talcum powder and the perceived risk of ovarian cancer among women in order to design effective interventions that will ultimately improve public health among all women in Nigeria. A risk perception survey was developed to capture the public awareness level about talcum powder as an emerging contaminant and risk of ovarian cancer, inquiring whether risk is viewed positively or negatively and the extent of worry or concern. A total of 300 questionnaires were administered and returned, analyzed and interpreted for policy decision making. Each questionnaire contains mostly Likert type questions featuring a set of risks with fixed response alternatives. Basic descriptive statistics was considered for explanatory variables: age, educational attainment and generalized risk sensitivity. Majority of respondents use talcum powder for different purposes. 28% of respondents use talcum powder for genital hygiene, out of which 42.86% use this cosmetic product on a daily basis. Poor level of awareness was generally observed as most respondents do not know whether talcum powder could be considered a potential risk factor for ovarian cancer. Majority (66.43%) were very concerned about the risk of ovarian cancer but perceived less risk for ovarian cancer when asked to compare risk with their respective age groups. Notably, poor level of awareness about the toxicological nature of talc and the relatively high level of perceived risk of developing ovarian cancer due to previous talc exposure was evident among respondents in our study.
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Wafula, David Nandebe, Benard Wesonga, and Maximilla Wanzala. "Prevalence of Diagnostic Errors as Predictors of Obstetric Outcomes among Post-Natal Mothers in Bungoma County, Kenya." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (July 9, 2021): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.4.938.
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Diagnosis is the foundation of a correct intervention. However, diagnostic errors result in wrong interventions. This is a global phenomenon, where it is a common problem; which has been understudied. Looking at the Philippines, diagnostic errors are three times most likely to make pregnant women develop obstetric complications. In Kenya, there is a high annual maternal mortality prevalence ratio of 362/100,000 live births, with Bungoma County exceeding the national maternal mortality prevalence ratio of 382/100,000 live births annually. Maternal mortality more often than not, a factor, that arises from morbidity is fuelled by diagnostic errors that required determination of its consequences on obstetric outcomes in Bungoma county. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of diagnostic errors as predictors of obstetric outcomes among post-natal mothers in Bungoma County. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design, which was hospital-based (Bungoma and Webuye hospitals). Systematic sampling was used to obtain 384 respondents and purposive sampling to select 8 health care workers as key informants. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and an interview guide. the pre-test was done; validity was established through crosschecking and reliability calculated using the Cronbach method (0.89). Using a statistical package for social sciences version 25, descriptive statistics were run. The study revealed a prevalence ratio of 3.996 whereas delayed diagnosis was 43.1%, missed 38.8%, absent diagnosis 27.5%, wrong diagnosis 34.9%, misinterpretation of results 24.1, unmatched 26.3% and unnecessary investigation 9.3%. The study demonstrates that a correct diagnosis is a viable strategy in preventing unsafe obstetric outcomes and by extension minimizing morbidity and mortality among pregnant women.
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Strukčinskienė, Birutė, Robert Bauer, Vaiva Strukčinskaitė, and Sigutė Norkienė. "Changes In Mortality Trends Of Road Traffic Injuries In Lithuania Over 1971-2014." Sveikatos mokslai 26, no. 6 (January 19, 2017): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5200/sm-hs.2016.101.
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The goal of this study was to analyze the changes in mortality trends of road traffic injuries for the whole population in transitional Lithuania over 1971 to 2014. Special attention was paid to the potential effect of the activities at macro and micro-level, and the socio-economic changes after the Independence in 1991. The data were derived from the Department of Statistics for the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, the Archives of Health Information Centre, and the Institute of Hygiene in Lithuania. The numbers have been based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) of the World Health Organization (WHO). Trends were estimated by the use of logarithmic regression. During the study, trends before the Independence in 1991 and after the Independence were compared. The study revealed that during the 44-year study period, a total of 38,982 people died from road traffic injuries in Lithuania. Men deceased 3.2 times more than that of women. About 40% of those killed in road traffic crashes were pedestrians. The mortality rates of road traffic injuries showed no significant change over the pre-independence period (1971- 1991) for the whole group. However, during the post-independence period (1992-2014), the mortality rates of road traffic injuries in the country significantly decreased for the whole population. Before the Independence (1971-1991), no change was presented nor in men and nor in women subgroups, whereas after the Independence (1992-2014), road traffic injury deaths fell significantly in both sexes. In addition, over the post-independence period, a significant decrease in pedestrian mortality trends for the whole population, and in men and women subgroups was observed. The study confirmed that sustainable preventive measures at macro and micro levels had possible impact on fatal road traffic injuries in the country. Socioeconomic changes, political reforms, education activities, safe environment creation, legislation, and improved healthcare seem to have contributed to the significant decrease of fatal road traffic injuries in transitional Lithuania. Continuous and permanent injury prevention and road safety promotion work is recommended for road safety management.
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Aliamovskii, V. V., and A. N. Duzh. "Comparative analysis of some parameters of social and dental statuses, behavioral habits of patients presented to a dentist for different reasons." Pediatric dentistry and dental profilaxis 21, no. 4 (February 3, 2022): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-4-236-243.
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Relevance. The health of the population is an essential criterion of the well-being of society. The high prevalence of dental diseases, which reduce the quality of life, dictates a broader implementation of preventive measures. Correcting the regularity of oral hygiene and consumption of fast digesting carbohydrates can achieve significant results. Purpose – to study some parameters of socio-hygienic, dental statuses and habits of patients who presented to the Health Center.Materials and methods. To achieve the purpose, we interviewed and examined 550 people: 196 men and 354 women aged 18-85 who presented to the Health Center of Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Hospital No. 3. The study analysed the structure of patients' visits to dentists and determined dental caries prevalence and intensity. The following definition was chosen to assess the behavioral habits of patients: the frequency of oral care during the day, the frequency of consuming fast digesting carbohydrates, the rate of toothbrush replacement. Statistical data was processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 18.0 software package.Results. 9.45% of patients exhibited low motivation for dental check-ups, most pronounced at a young age – 30,02 ± 2,00 years. The best motivation to visit a dentist for a dental check-up was among young people with higher or incomplete higher educa-tion – 57,7%. Visits to dentists for unspecified reasons were most pronounced in patients with primary or secondary education – 63,8%. The patients who presented for a dental check-up and prophylaxis exhibited the lowest caries intensity rate – 9,27 ± 1,01, and there were statistically significant differences in the DMF index depending on the education of the respondents (p = 0,016), including the components of the "F" and "M" (p < 0,001). Patients, who come for regular dental check-ups, have better oral hygiene, but very few of them limit the consumption of fast digesting carbohydrates.Conclusions. The patient motivation for dental check-ups is extremely low and depends on age and education. Patients, who visit dentists for a check-up, have the lowest intensity of dental caries and statistically significant differences in the components of the DMF index depending on education.The establishing of health centres in the domestic health care system to promote a healthy lifestyle in Russian citizens, including smoking and alcohol consumption reduction, allows using their organisational, methodological and material and technical capabilities for further studying the issues of dental disease prevention, creating the most balanced questionnaires and other tools for assessing and monitoring dental health.
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CAMARGOS, MIRELA CASTRO SANTOS, CARLA JORGE MACHADO, and ROBERTO DO NASCIMENTO RODRIGUES. "DISABILITY LIFE EXPECTANCY FOR THE ELDERLY, CITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL, 2000: GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL DIFFERENCES." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 3 (May 2007): 455–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932006001428.
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Summary.There is evidence that ‘health life expectancy’ (expected number of years to be lived in health) differs by socioeconomic status. Time spent in health or disability plays a critical role in the use of health care services. The objective of this study was to estimate ‘disability life expectancy’ by age, gender and education attainment for the elderly of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in the year 2000. Data came from the SABE database, population censuses and mortality statistics (SEADE Foundation). Life expectancy with disability was calculated using Sullivan’s method on the basis of the current probability of death and prevalence of disability by educational level. The prevalence of disability increased with age, for both sexes and both levels of educational attainment studied. Men showed a lower prevalence of disability, in general, and persons with lower educational attainment showed a higher prevalence of disability. Regarding life expectancy, women could expect to live longer than men, with and without disability. For both sexes, the percentage of life expectancy lived with disability decreased with increasing educational attainment. With increasing educational attainment, the sex differences in the percentage of remaining years to be lived with disability increased for most ages. Finally, the percentage of remaining years to be lived with disability increased with age for males and females, except for males with high educational attainment between the ages 70–75 and 75–80. The results may serve as a guide for public policies in the country, since health problems faced by older persons, such as disability, are the result of a number of past experiences during their life-times, such as health care, housing conditions, hygiene practices and education. Education influences health behaviours and is related, to some extent, to all these factors. Therefore, improvements in education for the disadvantaged may improve health.
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Tetteh, John, Isaac Adomako, Emilia Asuquo Udofia, Elom Yarney, Henry Quansah, Anita Ohenewa Yawson, Akye Essuman, and Alfred Edwin Yawson. "Hygienic disposal of stools and risk of diarrheal episodes among children aged under two years: Evidence from the Ghana Demographic Health Survey, 2003–2014." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 7, 2022): e0266681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266681.
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Background Most childhood diarrheal illnesses are a result of the faeco-oral transmission of infected food, water, and unclean fingers. The present paper was conducted to estimate the prevalence of hygienic disposal of stools (HDS) and its associated factors, and further quantify the impact of HDS on diarrheal diseases among children under two years. Methods A cross-sectional design was used to evaluate three rounds of the Ghana Demographic Health Survey (GDHS) from 2003–2014 involving 4869 women with children aged under two years. The outcomes were prevalence of HDS and diarrheal diseases. Poisson regression model was employed to assess risk factors associated with HDS and dominance analysis was used to rank the important risk factors. Inverse Probability Weighting Poisson Regression Adjustment (IPWPRA) with Propensity Score 1:1 density kernel-based matching was employed to assess impact. Results The pooled prevalence rate of HDS was 26.5%(95%CI = 24.6–28.4) and it ranged from 18.7% (95%CI = 16.4–21.2) in 2014 to 38.8%(95%CI = 35.3–42.4) in 2003. Diarrhea diseases pooled prevalence was 17.9%(95%CI = 16.4–19.5) and ranged from 13.3%(95%CI = 11.1–15.9) in 2014 to 25.4%(95%CI = 22.2–28.9) in 2003. The overall growth rate for HDS and prevalence of diarrhea diseases, decreased by 21.6% and 11.4% respectively. The most important risk factors of HDS from dominance analysis included; age of the child, wealth index, and differences in region. From pooled data wealth index, increasing age of the child, and regional disparity constituted approximately 72% of the overall impact (Weighted Standardized Dominance Statistics (WSDS) = 0.30, 0.24, and 0.19 respectively). In 2014, they constituted approximately 79% (WSDS = 0.139, 0.177 and 0.471 respectively). The average prevalence of diarrheal diseases among children of women who practiced HDS reduced over the period of the GDHS compared to those whose mothers did not practice HDS [2008 ATE(95%CI) = -0.09(-0.16–0.02), 2014 ATE(95%CI) = -0.05(-0.09–0.01) and Pooled data ATE(95%CI) = -0.05(-0.09–0.02)]. Conclusion This analysis has provided empirical evidence of the impact of practicing HDS in Ghana from a national household survey. Implementation of the WASH agenda in this low-income setting requires a synergy of interventions and collaborations of actors (government, private and development partners) to improve water and sanitation facilities and to increase hygiene education to prevent the spread of diseases including diarrhea by 2025.
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Eng, Julia CL, Joyce BT Er, Carrie SY Wan, YK Lim, Ida Ismail-Pratt, and Joseph SY Ng. "Cervical screening in foreign domestic workers in Singapore." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 50, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2020293.
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Introduction: Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, with about 85% occurring in low-middle income countries (LMIC) and an age-standardised incidence rate of more than 15 per 100,000. It is largely preventable through HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. In Singapore, 18% of the foreign domestic workforce hail from Indonesia, the Philippines, Myanmar, and India. However, there is no data on preinvasive cervical disease and cervical cancer in foreign domestic workers (FDWs) and the aim of this pilot programme is to determine the baseline screen positive rate of high-grade intraepithelial in this population. Methodology: A total of 322 FDWs were offered HPV screening through the Helping Our Helper (HOH) pilot programme. Data from this pilot program was analysed and reported using simple descriptive statistics. Results: Out of the 322 FDWs who registered for HPV screening, 68.6% participated. There was a 22.2% screen-positive rate; 10% of those who screened positive for high-risk HPV had histologically confirmed high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. This result is similar to other data on cervical cancer screening in Singaporeans. This pilot project screened less than 1% of the eligible FDWs in Singapore. Discussion: The findings of this pilot program suggest that there is public health value in providing cervical cancer screening to FDWs. Improving cervical cancer screening by increasing awareness and including routine cervical cancer screening as part of the employment medical examination should be studied. Keywords: Cervical cancer, CIN 2, colposcopy, HPV, HSIL, LSIL
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Sharma, Ruchira, Abhishek Kumar Sharma, and Shishir Mathur. "Use of Morgan Repertory in UTI: A Case Series." Homœopathic Links 32, no. 04 (December 2019): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701627.
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Abstract Background Patients with lower urinary tract infection report with unknown aetiology as a frequently encountered clinical problem. Aims To treat the patients suffering from acute symptoms of lower urinary tract infection as an add-on to standard urological care. Materials and Methods After exclusion of morphologic abnormalities, all patients with acute lower urinary tract infection who filled urinary tract infection questionnaire were offered additional homoeopathic care as an add-on to standard urological care. Standard urological care included in this study were to have adequate fluid intake to ensure the passage of 1.5 to 2 L of urine per day and maintain hygiene, especially in case of women. Symptoms were fever, incontinence, increased spasticity, decreased bladder capacity or pain, or decreased general health combined with significant bacteriuria. Seven patients were enrolled who fulfilled all the above inclusion criteria. The potencies were used according to disease grading and patient susceptibility. Descriptive statistics was used for analysis and repertory of the urinary organs and prostate gland including condylomata compiled by A.R. Morgan used for homoeopathic medicine selection. Result Seven patients were followed up for a period of 2 years. Six patients were free of urinary tract infection (UTI), whereas UTI symptoms were reduced in one patient. Conclusion Our initial experience with curing of UTI with homoeopathy according to repertory of the urinary organs and prostate gland including condylomata compiled by A.R. Morgan as add on to standard urologic care was encouraging. For an evidence-based evaluation of this concept, prospective studies are required.
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Vogel, Laurent, and Mary Lee Dunn. "The State of Occupational Health in Community Europe: From Top-Down Reform to a Renewal of Trade Union Action?" NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 13, no. 2 (August 2003): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/99jd-y20f-4hqy-5h2g.
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Working conditions in Europe are getting worse, due to changes in work organization, including intensification and increasing insecurity. A critical assessment of the state of prevention in Europe remains essential. Trade union organizations on the Luxembourg Advisory Committee on Safety, Hygiene and Health Protection at Work drafted a document on what Community occupational health policy should seek to achieve. In June 2001, the ETUC Executive Committee adopted a resolution based on the document. This article discusses the trade union strategy. The first step is to critique the few existing indicators. To a considerable extent, they actually conceal the health problems of work. The statistics on occupational disease reflect, above all, characteristics of the various national systems of benefits but say little about the real state of workers' health. “Traditional” risks still cause tens of thousands of deaths and injuries every year. Risks associated with work organization are increasing steadily. The intensification of work is an important aspect of the reorganization of production processes and is associated with major changes in work management and organization. At the same time, the spread of Taylorized work procedures in certain sectors (probably correlating strongly with work performed by women in both services and some branches of industry) and the introduction of management methods may be summarized in the phrase “controlled autonomy.” It involves shifting some of the supervisory burden to the level of the team, which destroys collective solidarity and detracts from the conditions under which work can contribute to mental health. Labor insecurity has been facilitated by the reappearance of mass unemployment and technological changes. Work has become increasingly less “sustainable” and companies are swamping society with the real social costs of their appetite for profit. In seeking harmonization, we must ensure consistent legislation based on the fundamental principles of the Framework Directive. Thus, trade unions demand that all risk factors be covered by directives based on effective preventive approaches. The new language of risk assessment and broadened approach to occupational health may initiate a process that (i) makes the invisible visible; (ii) moves on from observing individual complaints to collective analysis; and (iii) formulates a collective strategy based on identifying what “can be tolerated no longer.”
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Hussain, Musarrat, Muhammad Naeem, Imran Khattak, Raham Zaman, and Sajila Raziq. "Frequency of gingivitis in pregnancy in patients reporting to Bacha Khan Dental College, Mardan." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v10i2.484.
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Background: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of gingivitis in pregnant females reporting to Bach Khan Dental College, Mardan. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 pregnant women by using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Pregnant females with age range of 20 to 45 years, having adequate oral hygiene, no systemic disease affecting gingival health and Pakistani nationals were included in the study. Age, trimester of pregnancy, employment, brushing habit and presence of gingivitis were recorded. Loe and Silness gingival index was used to record the various grades of gingivitis (normal gingiva, mild, moderate, and severe gingivitis). Descriptive statistics were computed. Comparison was done for the presence of gingivitis by age, employment, brushing habits, and trimester using Chi-Square test. P?0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the study was 28.44 years (SD, 5.65 years). The gingivitis was present in 40 (57.1%) participants. Of total 22 (31.4%) were government employees. Most common pattern of brushing teeth was ‘twice a day’ (n=28, 40%) and most common trimester of pregnancy was third (n=28, 40%). Most of the pregnant female belonged to age group 26 to 30 years (n=28, 40%) and 20 to 25 years (n=21, 30%). Most common form of gingivitis was severe (n=25, 35.71%) followed by moderate (n=13, 18.57%). In pregnant females the effect of brushing pattern, employment, trimesters and age on gingivitis was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of gingivitis in pregnancy is quite high in our study. The dental practitioners should be vigilant and advise the plaque control and prompt treatment of gingivitis to pregnant females to prevent progression to periodontitis.
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Poudel, Pramila. "Pattern of menstruation and its problem among adolescent girls: a school based cross-sectional study." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 9, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20221605.
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Background: Menstruation is a normal physiological process that begins during puberty and continues throughout the 5th decade of woman’s life. The pattern of menstruation varies from woman to women. The aim of present study was to identify the pattern of menstruation and its problems among adolescent girls at Birgunj, Nepal.Methods: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional school-based study was conducted among 244 girls studying in grade 8, 9 and 10 using a semi structured self-administered questionnaire. The obtained data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 23. The probability value (p value) of <0.05 was considered statistically significant at 95% confidence level.Results: Result revealed that mean age of adolescent was 14.97±1.02 and mean age at menarche was 13.13±0.72 years. Almost half of the adolescents (48.3%) had moderate to severe pain during menstruation. Majority (78.27%) had regular pattern of menstruation. Nearly 1/10th (8.6%) of adolescents missed school during menstruation and the major cause of absenteeism was pain and discomfort (76.19%). Majority (81.6%) had restrictions in religious/family activities and (76.8%) had feeling of tiredness during menstruation. The regularity of menstruation and dysmenorrhea was significantly associated with age of adolescents at the level of p value 0.05.Conclusions: Various physical and social problems are experienced by the adolescent during menstruation. These problems have impact on the lifestyle of the adolescents including missed school days. Social restrictions during menstruation may lead to various psychological impacts on adolescents. Education regarding hygiene, self-care and management of menstrual symptoms, clarifying menstrual taboos among family and community members is required so that the adolescent can experience their feminine feature with health and dignity.
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Miltinienė, Dalia, Giedrė Deresevičienė, Birutė Nakčerienė, Valerija Edita Davidavičienė, Edvardas Danila, Irena Butrimienė, and Jolanta Dadonienė. "Incidence of Tuberculosis in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: Results from a Lithuanian Retrospective Cohort Study." Medicina 56, no. 8 (August 5, 2020): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56080392.
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Background and objective: With an increase in survival rates among rheumatic patients, comorbidities and infections, in particular, have gained more importance, especially after the introduction of biologicals to the treatment algorithms. Tuberculosis (TB) infection has always been given a special attention in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD). Although Lithuanian population has one of the highest TB incidence rates among European countries, the incidence of TB in the rheumatic patients’ population is still unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence rate of TB in an inflammatory RD retrospective cohort and to compare that rate with a rate in a general population. Material and Methods: Patients with the first-time diagnosis of inflammatory RD during the period between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017 were identified from the Lithuanian Compulsory Health Insurance Information System database SVEIDRA. All cases were cross-checked with Health Information center at the Institute of Hygiene, for the vital status of these patients and date of death if the fact of death was documented, and with Tuberculosis Register operated by Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, for the confirmation of TB cases. Sex and age standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated by dividing the observed numbers of TB among rheumatic patients by the expected number of cases, calculated using national rates from Lithuanian Department of Statistics Official Statistics website. Results: Overall, 8779 patients with newly diagnosed RD were identified during the 2013–2017 period, these included 458 patients who used biological disease modifying drugs (bDMARDs). The mean duration of the follow-up period was 2.71 years. The cohort consisted mainly of women (70%) and a half of the cohort were rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (53%). Mean age of patients at the time of RD diagnosis was 56 years (range = 18–97 years). There were 9 TB cases identified during 23,800 person years of follow-up: 2 cases among them were treated with bDMARDs. The mean calculated annual TB incidence in RD cohort was 37.81 per 100,000 person years, which is consistent with the incidence rate predicted by national estimates, with a resultant SIR of 0.90 (0.41–1.70). The unadjusted hazard ratio for bDMARD use versus no bDMARD use was 4.54 (0.94; 21.87) in a total cohort and very similar in rheumatoid arthritis cohort; in both cohorts, it was not a statistically significant risk. Conclusions: Here, we present the first nationwide cohort study to assess the incidence of TB in a broad spectrum of inflammatory RD. Although limited by short follow-up period, this study shows that TB incidence in RD cohort does not exceed TB incidence in the general Lithuanian population.
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Macias Silva, Fabio Alexander, Erika Jazmín Choco Rodríguez, María de Lourdes Villavicencio Morejon, and Kevin Orlando Macias Pazmiño. "Patógenos frecuentes causantes de infecciones vaginales en gestantes del Hospital Básico Duran periodo 2017- 2019." Más Vita 4, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 452–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47606/acven/mv0162.
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Introducción: Las infecciones vaginales constituyen un pronunciado problema de salud muy común en la consulta ginecobstetrica. En gestantes, la predisposición es mayor debido a cambios fisiológicos y condiciones de susceptibilidad como hábitos de higiene, sexuales, hormonales e incluso de carácter laboral. Objetivo: Identificar los agentes etiológicos específicos causantes de infecciones vaginales en gestantes, mediante una investigación histológica en los diferentes servicios en el “HOSPITAL BASICO DURAN” año 2017 -2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional, analítico de corte transversal. Se examinaron 115 mujeres, las técnicas utilizadas se basan en la recolección de datos por medio de fuentes extraídas en relación a encuesta, examen físico y en particular exámenes de laboratorio específicos tales como: OnSite Chlamydia Rapid Test, cultivo de secreciones vaginales y Papanicolaou. Se recopilo información en base a estadísticas descriptivas con apoyo el sistema AS400. Resultados: En relación a los criterios clínicos la infección vaginal que se presenta en 60 pacientes que equivale al 52% es la vaginosis bacteriana siendo la gardnella vaginalis el patógeno de mayor prevalencia, en 35 pacientes que equivale al 31% candidiasis vaginal, en 20 mujeres que equivale al (17%) Tricomoniasis Vaginal. El grupo etario con mayor índice de prevalencia es de pacientes entre los 18 – 25 años. El patógeno que predomina al analizar los resultados del Papanicolaou es el lactobacillus con el 73% que corresponde a 84 pacientes. Conclusiones: Se concluye que las infecciones que fueron producidas por Agentes bacteriano sobre todo la gardenella vaginales, mostraron ser de peor pronóstico con respecto de la evolución clínica, la candida albicans tuvo un comportamiento más leve en comparación con sus análogos parasitarios o bacterianos.
SUMMARY
Introduction: Vaginal infections are a pronounced health problem that is very common in obstetrics and gynecology consultations. In pregnant women, the predisposition is greater due to physiological changes and susceptibility conditions such as hygiene, sexual, hormonal and even work-related habits. Objective: To identify the specific etiological agents causing vaginal infections in pregnant women, through a histological investigation in the different services in the "Hospital Basic Duran" year 2017 -2019. Materials and methods: Observational, analytical cross-sectional study. 115 women were examined, the techniques used are based on data collection through sources extracted in relation to survey, physical examination and in particular specific laboratory tests such as: OnSite Chlamydia Rapid Test, culture of vaginal secretions and Papanicolaou. Information was collected based on descriptive statistics with the support of the AS400 system. Results: In relation to the clinical criteria, the vaginal infection that occurs in 60 patients, which is equivalent to 52%, is bacterial vaginosis, with gardnella vaginalis being the most prevalent pathogen, in 35 patients, which is equivalent to 31% vaginal candidiasis, in 20 women. which is equivalent to (17%) Vaginal Trichomoniasis. The age group with the highest prevalence rate is patients between 18-25 years. The pathogen that predominates when analyzing the results of the Papanicolaou is lactobacillus with 73% corresponding to 84 patients. Conclusions: It is concluded that the infections that were produced by bacterial agents, especially vaginal gardenella, showed a worse prognosis with respect to clinical evolution, Candida albicans had a milder behavior compared to its parasitic or bacterial analogs.
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Maroko, Andrew R., Kim Hopper, Caitlin Gruer, Maayan Jaffe, Erica Zhen, and Marni Sommer. "Public restrooms, periods, and people experiencing homelessness: An assessment of public toilets in high needs areas of Manhattan, New York." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 23, 2021): e0252946. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252946.
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Access to safe, clean water and sanitation is globally recognized as essential for public health. Public toilets should be accessible to all members of a society, without social or physical barriers preventing usage. A public toilet facility’s design and upkeep should offer privacy and safety, ensure cleanliness, provide required sanitation-related resources, and be gender equitable, including enabling comfortable and safe management of menstruation. Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) refers to the need to ensure that girls, women and all people who menstruate have access to clean menstrual products, privacy to change the materials as often as needed, soap and water for washing the body as required, and access to facilities to dispose of used materials. Challenges around menstruation faced by people experiencing homelessness, which tend to be greater than those facing the general population, include inadequate toilet and bathing facilities, affordability issues around menstrual products, and menstrual stigma. Public toilets are a vital resource for managing menstruation, particularly for vulnerable populations without reliable access to private, safe, and clean spaces and menstrual products. This mixed-methods study sought to: 1) understand the lived experiences of MHM among people experiencing homelessness in New York City with respect to public toilets; 2) describe general and MHM-related characteristics of public toilets in high need areas of Manhattan and analyze their interrelationships; and 3) examine the associations among neighborhood-level demographics and the public toilet characteristics in those areas. Qualitative methods included key informant interviews (n = 15) and in-depth interviews (n = 22) with people with experience living on the street or in shelters, which were analyzed using Malterud’s ‘systematic text condensation’ for thematic cross-case analysis. Quantitative methods included audits and analyses of public toilet facilities (n = 25) using traditional statistics (e.g., Spearman’s correlations) and spatial analyses (e.g., proximity buffers). Qualitative findings suggest cleanliness, access to restrooms, and availability of resources are critical issues for the participants or prospective users. Quantitative analyses revealed insufficiently provided, maintained, and resourced public toilets for managing menstruation in high-needs areas. Findings also suggest that toilets with more MHM-related resource availability, such as menstrual products and toilet stall disposal bins, were more difficult to access. Neighborhood-level characteristics showed a potential environmental injustice, as areas characterized by higher socioeconomic status are associated with more access to MHM-specific resources in public restrooms, as well as better overall quality.
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Evans, Michael W., Victoria S. Giffi, Ann Zimrin, and John R. Hess. "Presentation, Treatment, and Outcome for Twenty Consecutive Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathies (TMA)." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 1432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.1432.1432.
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Abstract Abstract 1432 TMAs occur frequently in association with HIV, although the exact mechanism leading to hemolysis is unclear (Crum-Cianflone NF, Weekes J, and Bavaro M., AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 2008, 22:771-778.) Thrombotic microangiopathies comprise a spectrum of diseases including thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The role of HIV infection in the development of TTP has been a topic of some controversy. Overlap between TTP and HIV associated pathological entities, including malignancy and malignant hypertension, may complicate the clinical presentation (Benjamin et al., CID. 2009, 48: 1129–1136). However, patients meeting a clinical diagnosis of TTP are treated successfully with plasma infusion therapy (Novitzky et al., B J Haematol. 2005, 128:373-379) suggesting a molecular process resulting in the depletion of plasma components. Such processes would include TTP/HUS and defects in complement regulation, but not disseminated malignancy or malignant hypertension. To further characterize the biology and outcome of TMA in HIV-infected patients, we reviewed the experience with these patients at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center. All patients were from greater Baltimore, a city with 37.7 new HIV cases per 100,000 population, the second highest among U.S. cities (Baltimore City HIV/AIDS Statistics Fact Sheet, April 18, 2008. Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, State of Maryland). After obtaining IRB approval, we identified cases by review of all TMA patients treated by our plasma exchange service between 2000 and 2008. Twenty-one episodes of TMA occurred in twenty patients with HIV. One patient had had a prior episode of TMA, one in 1995 preceding our review, and one with multiple episodes in 2002 and then again in 2008. The median age of our patients was 43 years, all were African American, seven were men and fourteen were women. Seven patients were also infected with hepatitis C, one with hepatitis B, and two with both hepatitis B and C. Median CD4 cell count for all patients was 70 × 106 cell/L. Twelve patients were on or previously prescribed antiretroviral medications and eight patients were not. There was no significant difference in CD4 counts between these groups. Three patients were diagnosed with HIV at the time of TTP presentation. Median duration of HIV infection prior to presenting with TMA was 7 years. Median LDH was 3301 units/L with all but two patients having a value greater than 1000 units/L. One of these patients had an LDH of 507 units/L. The other patient (LDH 274 units/L) had a history of TTP 6 years prior that responded to plasma exchange. Neurologic abnormalities were found in nine patients (excluding dizziness) and diminished renal function (Cr > 1.5 mg/dL) was noted in fourteen patients. ADAMTS13 levels were not measured. The median number of plasma exchanges was 13, with seven patients requiring more than 20 treatments. Four patients were treated with rituximab following failure of plasma exchange. Five patients died. Among these patients HIV viral load was variable ranging from undetectable to >750,000 copies, however four patients had CD4 cell counts < 50 × 106 cells/L. All but one patient with CD4 cell counts ≥ 50 × 106 cells/L responded to plasma exchange. Two patients with CD4 counts below 10 × 106 cells/L responded to plasma exchange. Of the patients treated with rituximab, two patients had a prompt, favorable response and two ultimately died (Evans et al., AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 2010, 24: 349-52). One of the patients who died had a CD4 count of 2 at the time of rituximab treatment. The other patient had a history of previous TMA in 2002 that eventually responded to 32 plasma exchange treatments. In 2008, she again presented with TMA with thrombocytopenia, and was treated with 19 plasma exchanges prior to receiving rituximab. Her CD4 count at that time was 138 × 106 cells/L. She did respond promptly to rituximab, but developed further thrombocytopenia 2 months later. On this final presentation she was diagnosed with lymphoma, to which she ultimately succumbed. HIV-associated TMA meeting clinical criteria for TTP is generally responsive to standard treatment with plasma exchange, however alternative diagnoses must be excluded. Rituximab may be effective in carefully chosen patients failing plasma exchange. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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J. O. Okafor, Ejimonu Ngozi Constance, Adimuko Prince Obieze, and Ekwem Chibuike Emmanuel. "Demographic Variables as a Determinant of Health Promotion Practices among Postpartum Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Abia State." International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology, December 8, 2022, 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-7678.
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Little is known about the engagement of health promotion practices of postpartum women in Abia State; and no empirical data was identified in Abia State hence the motivation to determine demographic Variables as a determinant of health promotion practices among postpartum women attending primary health care centers in Abia State. To achieve this purpose, 8 specific purposes, and 8 corresponding research questions and 8 hypotheses were raised. Descriptive survey design was adopted. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to draw 600 postpartum women attending primary health care centers at Abia State between September and October, 2021. Research instrument was a researcher- developed questionnaire tagged “Health Promotion Practices Questionnaire, (HPPQ)” which was divided into two clusters (breastfeeding and personal hygiene). Three experts validated the instrument. The HPPQ was subjected to reliability test using Kuder-Richardson (K-R 20) and the reliability coefficients 0.61 and 0.69 were obtained for breastfeeding and personal hygiene respectively. Analysis was done using 462 adequately completed copies of the instrument. Frequencies and percentages were used to answer the research questions, while chi-square statistics was used to test the hypotheses at .05 alpha levels. The findings showed that greater proportion of women below 23years of age engaged less in health promotion practices regarding personal hygiene and breastfeeding. Also, postpartum women of parity level of 1-3 engaged most in health promotion practices of breastfeeding and personal hygiene. Postpartum women who were either civil servants or business women engaged most in health promotion practices stipulated in this study while those postpartum women of educational group of primary education and no-formal education engaged less in health promotion practices of breastfeeding and personal hygiene. There were significant differences among postpartum women of different ages, parity levels, educational status and occupational levels in their engagement of health promotion practices. Based on the above findings, conclusions were drawn and recommendations among others were made: every postpartum woman should be adequately informed and sensitized on the importance of postpartum care and the essence of regular attendance to Primary Health care centers during postpartum period, particularly the younger ones, using appropriate channels and settings.
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Labrague Jr, Alfonso Alex. "Gender-Based Violence: A Case Study in Samar, Philippines." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 05, no. 05 (May 16, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i5-20.
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Violence against women appear to be one of the country’s pervasive problems. According to the 2017 National Demographic and Health Survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority, one in every four Filipino women age 15 to 49 has experienced domestic violence and despite the efforts to put an end to the issue, VAW persist. This study provides an in-depth and intensive account about the experiences of woman victim of domestic violence in Samar. From the interview conducted, results revealed four themes: sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional and psychological abuse, and economic abuse. The welfare of the children is always the mothers’ priority. Thus, despite the abuse experienced, women stay in the relationship in the hope that the relationship can be saved for the sake of the children.
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Singh, Aditya, Mahashweta Chakrabarty, Shivani Singh, Rakesh Chandra, Sourav Chowdhury, and Anshika Singh. "Menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent women in rural India: a cross-sectional study." BMC Public Health 22, no. 1 (November 19, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14622-7.
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Abstract Background Exclusive use of hygienic methods (sanitary napkins, locally prepared napkins, tampons, and menstrual cups) to prevent the visibility of bloodstains during menstruation is still considerably low among adolescent women in rural India. However, no prior research has explored the prevalence and determinants of exclusive hygienic methods among rural Indian adolescent women. To address this gap, this study examines the factors affecting adolescent women’s exclusive use of hygienic methods in rural India. Additionally, this study explores state- and district-level geographical disparities in the exclusive use of hygienic methods among adolescent women in rural India. Methods Information on 95,551 adolescent women from rural India from the latest round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) was analyzed. Bivariate statistics and multilevel logistic regression analysis were used to assess the Individual- and community-level factors associated with exclusive use of hygienic methods among adolescent women in rural India. Choropleth maps were used to discern the geographical disparities in the exclusive use of hygienic methods. Results In rural India, only 42% of adolescent women exclusively used hygienic methods, with substantial geographic disparities at the state and district levels. At the state level, the exclusive use of hygienic methods varied from 23% in Uttar Pradesh to 85% in Tamil Nadu. Even greater variation was observed at the district level. There was a clear north-south divide in the exclusive use of hygienic methods among adolescent women in rural India. The results of multilevel logistic regression indicated a considerable amount of variation in the exclusive use of hygienic methods at community level which further reduced when controlled for individual and community-level factors. Rural Indian adolescent women with higher education (AOR:3.20, 95% CI: 2.81–3.64), from general category (AOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07–1.21), with medium mass media exposure (AOR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.35–1.51), and from richest wealth quintile (AOR: 3.98, 95% CI: 3.69–4.30) were more likely to use hygienic methods exclusively. Conclusion Wide differential across biodemographic and socioeconomic groups, and substantial geographic disparities at state- and district-level in the exclusive use of hygienic methods suggests a need to adopt context-specific interventions for adolescent women in rural India. Distribution of subsidized or free menstrual hygiene methods to disadvantaged adolescent women, and in the low-prevalence districts may increase the level of exclusive use of hygienic methods remarkably.
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Uddin, Md Farid, Simon Heck, Debashish Chanda, Ebna Habib Md Shofiur Rahaman, Md Monower Hossain, and Md Ektear Uddin. "Knowledge and Practice of Personal Hygiene among Rural Women in Northern Bangladesh." Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, June 26, 2021, 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2021/v34i430323.
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Background: Sanitation and hygiene have huge impact on human health particularly on death and morbidity of children which are influenced by mother knowledge and practice on the issues.
Aim: The study aimed to assess the present situation of knowledge and practices of basic health hygiene and sanitation of the rural farm families in Northern Bangladesh with a view to find the ground for development initiative towards a better health and sanitation systems. The study also aimed to identify the regional variations in health and sanitation systems in Northern Bangladesh with a view to offer policy support and development.
Methodology: The study was conducted in six sub-districts of three poverty-prone districts – Gaibandha, Rangpur and Kurigram. The multi-stage cluster sampling process yielded a sample size of 386 household (HH) covering 24 different villages. Data was collected by trained assistants following a face-to-face interview using structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics were used to organize the table with results. Chi-square test was used to assess the regional variations in knowledge and practice of hygiene and sanitation.
Results: About 70% families use unsafe latrines where a significant portion of them are open pit types (33%) having no latrines floor (32%) and wall (75%). More than half of the child-bearing mothers have poor knowledge therefore they directly through the feces outside and did not wash hand properly after cleaning the defecated children and toilets/potty. Many of them do not know that they should wash hand before breast feeding (50%), prior to food preparation (77%), after cleaning of animals (79%) and after any activity (97%). Women of Gaibanda district was the better user of flash toilet and good habit of washing hand after toilet use. Better disposal of domestic waste was observed among the women of Kurigram District. In all respect women of Rangpur was mediocre in hygiene practice. Except disposal of children feces and hand washing before eating significant regional variations were found in type of toilet used, disposal of domestic waste, hand washing before food preparation, hand washing before feeding their child, after toilet use, after cleaning toilet of child and after cleaning the animal.
Conclusion: More awareness program and subsidy policy should be taken for improving sanitation and hygiene with keeping in mind the regional variations in hygiene practice.
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Anyanwu, Oyedolapo, Shibani Ghosh, Meghan Kershaw, Abuye Cherinet, and Eileen Kennedy. "Dietary Outcomes, Nutritional Status, and Household Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Practices." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, no. 4 (February 18, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac020.
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ABSTRACT Background The Government of Ethiopia has made a major commitment toward improving food security, diet, nutrition, and health through a series of national nutrition plans. The focus of these plans is on providing both nutrition-specific as well as nutrition-sensitive approaches for achieving national priorities for health and nutrition. The present study conducted a secondary analysis of data provided through a larger birth cohort study conducted in Ethiopia between 2014 and 2016. Objectives The overall objectives of this research were to assess the relation between minimum dietary diversity in women and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), and evaluate the association between midupper arm circumference (MUAC) in women and WASH. Methods In addition to descriptive statistics, the study used mixed effects logistic regression analyses to investigate the relation between dietary diversity, MUAC, and household WASH practices. Results Improved WASH practices were associated with an increased probability (p = 0.04) that a woman would consume a diet with foods from 5 or more food groups. A beneficial effect was observed for improved WASH practices and a decrease in low MUAC. Improved household WASH practices were successful in contributing to improved dietary diversity in women as well as an improved MUAC. Conclusions Interventions aimed at improving the diet and nutritional status of women during and after pregnancy should include relevant WASH components as essential elements in multisector nutrition programming.
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Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, and Dejen Kahsay Asgedom. "Menstrual hygiene practice and associated factors among adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMC Public Health 23, no. 1 (January 6, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14942-8.
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Abstract Background Menstrual hygiene has not received adequate attention in Sub-Saharan Africa, and there is a lack of regional representative data. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of good menstrual hygiene practices and associated factors among adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods In this study, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines were used to develop the review manuscript. Online electronic databases, such as PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and CINAHL, were searched to retrieve available studies. The database search was conducted from January 1 to May 17, 2022. The selection, quality assessment, and data extraction of the studies were performed. Quality assessment of the studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed based on country, study area, and sample size. Publication bias was examined by funnel plots and Egger’s test. The statistical analysis was conducted using STATA version 14 software and RevMan software, and statistical significance was declared at a p value of less than 0.05. Protocol registration number CRD42020165628. Results A total of 229 studies were retrieved, and 14 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of good menstrual hygiene practices was 45% (95% CI, (37, 53). Adolescents from urban residences (OR = 3.03, 95% CI (2.3, 3.97)), able to afford menstrual sanitary products (OR = 2.17, 95% CI (1.42, 3.3)), and from educated mothers (OR = 2.33, 95% CI (1.32, 4.12)) were associated with increased odds of good menstrual hygiene practice. Conclusion The pooled prevalence of menstrual hygiene practices was low compared to the SDG 6.2 target by 2030. “Achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations”. Therefore, improving the accessibility of a safe water supply, hygiene, sanitation facilities and affordability of menstrual products and promoting maternal education are mandatory and should be part of government-level public health policy to prevent related health issues, loss of economic output and education opportunities.
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Lu, Jinky Leilanie. "State and Trends of Occupational Health and Safety in the Philippines." Acta Medica Philippina 56, no. 1 (January 31, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.47895/amp.v56i1.3865.
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Introduction. In the Philippines, industries began to recognize the importance of workers’ health after occupational safety and health were introduced in the early 1900s. Ever since, several legal bases have existed to protect the people’s welfare. However, data regarding this matter is limited in the country.
Objective. This paper aimed to develop a comprehensive review of occupational safety and health data, including hazard exposures and occupational diseases for various Filipino occupational groups.
Methods. A comprehensive analysis of the latest records and statistics from various government agencies, non-government organizations, academe, and research institutions was done. Data analysis was completed through a critical appraisal of the Philippines' current occupational health and safety regarding occupational diseases, injuries, accidents, and existing occupational health and safety policies. Data were also extracted from reviews of literature and other related research studies. Data analysis was done through a critical appraisal of the Philippines' current occupational health and safety in terms of occupational diseases, injuries, accidents, and existing occupational health and safety policies.
Results. Most of those working in the informal sectors do not have enough social protection in the Philippine context. Others in the same situation involve construction workers, farmers, miners, and waste or garbage pickers. Child labor was also seen to be prevalent, risking these children's health and safety. Another issue is on gender, and wherein women were found to have lesser protection than their counterparts. Among the industries present in the country, administrative and support service activities, manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, financial and insurance activities, education except for public education, and agriculture, forestry, and fishing were seen to have a high prevalence of occupational diseases. The study has shown occupational safety and health among various occupational groups and categories, the profile of occupational diseases in Philippine industries, and the OSH programs implemented in industries.
Conclusion. Analysis of available data confirmed the presence of threats of unsafe and unhealthy conditions in various jobs and workplaces. To keep up with other nations, the country should strive more with its local developments.
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Ancheta, Jeffrey Rosario, and George Vincent Gamayo. "Women in Disasters: Unfolding the Struggles of Displaced Mothers in Talisay, Batangas during the Taal Volcano Eruption and the Pandemic." Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 14, no. 4 (December 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v14n4.01.
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Disasters strike globally, but their impacts are often more severe on socially and economically marginalized sectors like women. This is one of the main justifications behind the 2010 Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act, which promotes gender equality and inclusivity in all strategies to combat the adverse effects of natural hazards, especially on underrepresented populations. However, gender-based discrimination during disasters is still prevalent in local communities of the Philippines. Thus, this study attempts to unfold the struggles of displaced mothers in Talisay, Batangas, because of the Taal Volcano’s eruption in January 2020 and worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic that began in March 2020. Specifically, this study identifies the direct impacts that impede survivors’ capacity to recover from the disruptions brought about by the aforementioned catastrophes. Findings, through mothers’ narratives, reveal six (6) key themes that reveal insecurity in livelihood, shelter, education of their children, food, health and nutrition, and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). This only proves that displaced mothers face socio-economic issues aggravated by the changing climate that the local government of Talisay needs to address towards a gender-inclusive DRRM.