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Journal articles on the topic 'Women – Australia – Oral history'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Darian-Smith, Kate. "The ‘girls’: women press photographers and the representation of women in Australian newspapers." Media International Australia 161, no. 1 (September 26, 2016): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16665002.

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In 1975, Fairfax News commemorated International Women’s Year by appointing Lorrie Graham as its first female cadet photographer. Women only joined the photographic staff of newspapers in significant numbers from the 1980s and were more likely to be employed on regional newspapers than the metropolitan dailies. This article draws on interviews with male and female press photographers collected for the National Library of Australia’s oral history programme. It provides an overview of the history of women press photographers in Australia, situating their working lives within an overtly masculine newspaper culture where gender inequity was entrenched. It also examines the gendered and evolving photographic representations of women in the Australian press, including those of women in positions of social and political leadership. Although women press photographers have achieved greater recognition in the 2000s, the transformation of the media industry has impacted the working practices and employment of press photographers.

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2

Ikin, Catherine, Leanne Johns, and Colleen Hayes. "Field, capital and habitus: An oral history of women in accounting in Australia during World War II." Accounting History 17, no. 2 (May 2012): 175–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373211434421.

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3

Nguyen, Nathalie Huynh Chau. "'My Husband was also a Refugee': Cross-Cultural Love in the Postwar Narratives of Vietnamese Women." PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies 15, no. 1-2 (June 12, 2018): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/portal.v15i1-2.5848.

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This article explores the representation of cross-cultural love in the postwar narratives of Vietnamese women. The end of the Vietnam War in 1975 and Vietnam’s reunification under a communist regime led to one of the most visible diasporas of the late twentieth century, in which more than two million Vietnamese left their homeland in order to seek refuge overseas. The main countries of resettlement were the United States, Australia, Canada and France. Vietnamese women in Australia who chose to marry outside their culture constitute a minority not only within the diaspora but also within Australian society and the Vietnamese Australian community. In contrast to the largely negative representations of cross-cultural relationships in novels and memoirs of colonial and wartime Vietnam, these women’s accounts highlight underlying commonalities between themselves and their European partners such as a shared understanding of political asylum or war. The narratives of these women illustrate cross-cultural rencontres that were made possible by the refugee or migration experience, and that signify a distinct shift in the representation of exogamous relationships for Vietnamese women. Oral history provides these women with the opportunity to narrate not only the self but also the interaction between the self and the other, and to frame and structure their experiences of intermarriage in a positive light. Cet article explore la représentation de l’amour interculturel dans les récits de l’après-guerre des femmes vietnamiennes. La fin de la guerre du Vietnam en 1975 et la réunification du Vietnam sous un régime communiste mena à une des diasporas les plus visibles de la fin du vingtième siècle, pendant laquelle plus de deux millions de Vietnamiens quittèrent leur pays pour se réfugier à l’étranger. Les pays principaux de réinstallation furent les Etats-Unis, l’Australie, le Canada et la France. Les femmes vietnamiennes en Australie qui ont choisi de se marier à l’extérieur de leur culture constituent une minorité non seulement dans la diaspora mais aussi en Australie ainsi que la communité vietnamienne en Australie. Contrairement à la représentation largement négative des relations interculturelles dans les romans et les mémoires du Vietnam colonial et en temps de guerre, les récits de ces femmes surlignent les points communs entre elles et leurs compagnons européens telle une compréhension mutuelle de l’asile politique ou de la guerre. Les récits de ces femmes illustrent des rencontres interculturelles rendues possible par l’expérience d’être réfugié ou migrant, et qui signalent un changement net de position dans la représentation des relations exogames concernant les femmes vietnamiennes. L’histoire orale permet à ces femmes de raconter non seulement le moi mais aussi l’interaction entre le moi et l’autre, et de structurer et d’encadrer leurs expériences de mariage interculturel de manière positive.

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4

Silverstein, Jordana. "The ballad of Leah and Amanda: Ritual and history at the wedding of a Jewish lesbian couple in Melbourne, Australia." Sexualities 23, no. 3 (November 22, 2018): 422–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460718811055.

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At the beginning of 2014, Leah and Amanda became one of the first pairs of Jewish lesbians to have a Jewish wedding in Melbourne, Australia. Held in a secular reception venue and officiated by a Reform rabbi, this ceremony was a Jewish religious ceremony that had no relationship to the Australian state. In this ceremonial search for a ritual that would be true to themselves, would express their love, and would engage with communal and familial cultures and histories, dominant discourses of both Jewish and Australian weddings were simultaneously challenged and reinforced.In this article, utilizing oral history methodologies, I will explore some of the ways that Leah and Amanda articulated and enacted their relationships, histories and futures. In particular, I suggest that their utterances make visible the production of historically specific iterations of normativity. Through an exploration of this intimate relationship, this article thus works to come to an understanding of some of the ways in which Australian Jewish lesbian practices and ideas of assimilation, normativity and difference, come to exist. How can these relationships be both normative and transgressive, as lesbian relationships and as Jewish ones? By inquiring into the Jewish character, as well as the lesbian character, of this wedding and this intimate relationship between these two women, this article proposes an intervention into historical understandings of homonormativity.

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5

Templeton, David J., S. C. Davies, A. L. Garvin, and R. J. Garsia. "The uptake of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis within a sexual assault setting in Sydney, Australia." International Journal of STD & AIDS 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462053057620.

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Our aim was to compare the assault characteristics of victims presenting to a sexual assault service who were prescribed HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (HIV PEP) with those not prescribed HIV PEP. A retrospective review was carried out of the medical records of victims who were seen over a 12-month period in 1999/2000. HIV PEP may have been potentially appropriate for 117 victims, of whom nine (7.7%) were prescribed PEP (eight women, one man). There was a trend for prescription of PEP to depend on the type of assault, with those suffering anal penetration most likely to be prescribed PEP, followed by those with vaginal, and then oral penetration ( P=0.08). Those who gave a history of oral or vaginal mucosal contact with ejaculate were more likely to receive PEP compared with those in whom ejaculation occurred at a non-mucosal site ( P=0.03). Most prescribed PEP regimens involved three antiretroviral drugs. In this study, HIV PEP, when prescribed, was in accord with existing guidelines. Future studies should aim to better document HIV seroconversions in victims of sexual assault and HIV seroprevalence in assailants.

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6

GRAY, EDITH, and PETER McDONALD. "USING A REPRODUCTIVE LIFE COURSE APPROACH TO UNDERSTAND CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD USE IN AUSTRALIA." Journal of Biosocial Science 42, no. 1 (October 26, 2009): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932009990381.

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SummaryThis paper examines contraceptive method use at different stages of the reproductive life course. Previous research on contraceptive practice in developed countries typically applies age as a proxy for reproductive history. While age is an essential and useful life course measure for understanding contraceptive use, investigations of contraceptive practice should also consider parity and fertility intentions, as they may be more accurate measures of reproductive life course stage. Analysis is based on data collected in the 2005 Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, a nationally representative sample of women of reproductive age (18–44). For women at risk of pregnancy, the most commonly used methods are easily reversed methods such as the oral contraceptive pill (30%) and condom (23%), medium-term methods such as the intrauterine device and implantation (5%) and permanent methods (7% tubal ligation and 9% vasectomy of partner). Logistic regression models are used to investigate the use of four popular contraceptive methods by parity, age and fertility intentions controlling for socio-demographic factors. The main findings indicate that the use of these methods varies substantially by the stage of a woman's reproductive life course: age, parity and fertility intentions are all associated with method use.

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7

Nachtergaele, Charlotte, Eric Vicaut, Sopio Tatulashvili, Sara Pinto, Hélène Bihan, Meriem Sal, Narimane Berkane, et al. "Limiting the Use of Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests to Screen for Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy during Pandemics." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10030397.

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We aimed to evaluate each proposal of Australian–New Zealand Societies to limit the number of oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) to diagnose hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. At our university hospital (2012–2016), we retrospectively applied in 4245 women who had OGTT between 22 and 30 weeks of gestation (reference standard: WHO criteria) the proposals in which OGTT is performed only in high-risk women; in all (Option 1) or high-risk (Option 1-Sel) women with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 4.7–5.0 mmol/L; in all (Option 2) or high-risk (Option 2-Sel) women without history of HIP and with FPG 4.7–5.0 mmol/L. We also tested FPG measurement alone in all high-risk women. Measuring FPG alone had a sensitivity of 49% (95% confidence interval 45–54) applying universal screening. Option 2 appeared to have the best balance considering the needed OGTT (17.3%), sensitivity (72% (67–76)) and rates of a composite outcome (true negative cases: 10.6%, false positive cases: 24.4%; true positive cases: 19.5%; false negative cases: 10.2%). Consideration of a history of HIP and measuring first FPG can avoid more than 80% of OGTTs and identify women with the highest risk of adverse HIP-related events.

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8

Nguyen, Jennifer Gia-linh, Shanika Nanayakkara, and Alexander C. L. Holden. "Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Behaviour of Midwives Concerning Periodontal Health of Pregnant Patients." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (March 27, 2020): 2246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072246.

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Maternal gum disease is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and low birthweight. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practice behaviour of Australian midwives regarding the periodontal health of pregnant women to inform interprofessional antenatal care. This was an observational, cross-sectional study. We circulated an online questionnaire to Australian midwives from August 2018 to February 2019. Key outcome variables were knowledge, attitudes, and practice behaviours related to oral health. Key predictor variables were years of practice, practice location, and dental history. We summarized responses with frequency tables and assigned tallied scores for analysis using non-parametric statistical tests. 100 responses were analysed, including from rural (n = 23) and urban (n = 77) midwives. Eighty percent of midwives agreed that maternal dental care can positively affect pregnancy outcomes. Fluoridated toothpaste use (19.1%) was incorrectly answered to prevent gum disease more often than psychological stress control (7.9%), a correct answer. Rural midwives demonstrated a significantly higher knowledge score (p = 0.001) and significantly more positive practice behaviours towards oral health (p = 0.014) than urban midwives. Australian midwives have positive attitudes towards antenatal oral health but misunderstand gum disease aetiology and prevention. This study highlights areas to improve interprofessional education for optimal oral health and pregnancy outcomes.

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9

Twigg, Karen. "The Green Years: The Role of Abundant Water in Shaping Postwar Constructions of Rural Femininity." Environment and History 27, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 277–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096734021x16076828553539.

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This article offers one of the first studies to pay attention to the influence of abundant rain in advancing postwar agendas and shaping new constructions of rural femininity. Enriching an understanding of modernity, I use oral history testimony and private archives to illuminate women's emotional, social and sensory responses to plentiful water and the possibilities it fostered. While previous tropes had warned that close engagement with the elements would leave women 'unsexed' and drained of feminine vitality, the verdure that characterised the postwar era made the environment appear pliable, acquiescent and drought-proof, no longer threatening but actively inviting women's involvement. Informed by scientific agriculture, the modern rural woman, was constructed as 'feminine' and 'attractive' but also well-equipped to contribute her labour to the forward momentum of Australian farming.

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10

Darian-Smith, Kate, and Nikki Henningham. "Site, school, community." History of Education Review 43, no. 2 (September 30, 2014): 152–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-03-2014-0018.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the development of vocational education for girls, focusing on how curriculum and pedagogy developed to accommodate changing expectations of the role of women in the workplace and the home in mid-twentieth century Australia. As well as describing how pedagogical changes were implemented through curriculum, it examines the way a modern approach to girls’ education was reflected in the built environment of the school site and through its interactions with its changing community. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes a case study approach, focusing on the example of the J.H. Boyd Domestic College which functioned as a single-sex school for girls from 1932 until its closure in 1985. Oral history testimony, private archives, photographs and government school records provide the material from which an understanding of the school is reconstructed. Findings – This detailed examination of the history of J.H. Boyd Domestic College highlights the highly integrated nature of the school's environment with the surrounding community, which strengthened links between the girls and their community. It also demonstrates how important the school's buildings and facilities were to contemporary ideas about the teaching of girls in a vocational setting. Originality/value – This is the first history of J.H. Boyd Domestic College to examine the intersections of gendered, classed ideas about pedagogy with ideas about the appropriate built environment for the teaching of domestic science. The contextualized approach sheds new light on domestic science education in Victoria and the unusually high quality of the learning spaces available for girls’ education.

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11

Nagle, C. M., C. J. Bain, A. C. Green, and P. M. Webb. "The influence of reproductive and hormonal factors on ovarian cancer survival." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 18, no. 3 (May 2008): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.01031.x.

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Reproductive and hormonal exposures are known to influence ovarian carcinogenesis, but little is known about the effect of these factors on survival. We have studied survival according to hormonal and reproductive history in a population-based cohort of 676 Australian women aged 18–79, newly diagnosed with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in the early 1990s. In order to place our findings in context, we have also undertaken a systematic review of the pertinent literature. Detailed information about each woman's reproductive and contraceptive history was obtained from pregnancy and contraceptive calendars at the time of diagnosis. Cox regression was used to obtain multivariate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 419 (62%) of the 676 women died during the follow-up (giving a 5-year survival proportion of 44%). Apart from better survival for women who had ever breastfed (multivariate HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55–0.98), we found no association between survival from invasive ovarian cancer and a range of hormonal and gynecological factors including parity, use of oral contraceptives, and histories of tubal sterilization or hysterectomy. Systematic review of the literature generally supported the lack of influence of these factors on survival from ovarian cancer. We conclude that, except for a possible survival advantage among women with a history of breastfeeding, reproductive and hormonal exposures prior to diagnosis do not influence survival from invasive ovarian cancer, in contrast to their substantial effects on etiology of this disease

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12

Boyle, R. K. "Herpes Simplex Labialis after Epidural or Parenteral Morphine: A Randomized Prospective Trial in an Australian Obstetric Population." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 23, no. 4 (August 1995): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9502300403.

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A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in women undergoing emergency and elective caesarean section to determine whether epidural morphine predisposes to postoperative herpes simplex labialis and whether the risk is increased or decreased by previous oral herpes or pruritus. Following cannulation of the epidural space, analgesia for labour and/or caesarean section was induced in two groups of similar age, parity, preoperative status and anaesthetic. According to tables of random numbers, 386 were allocated to receive parenteral morphine and 425 to receive epidural morphine. Postoperative herpes labialis was diagnosed by laboratory culture and microscopy. Patients who received epidural morphine were 11.5 times (95% CI 2.6–49.4) more likely than the parenteral morphine group to suffer herpes labialis. A past history of oral herpes increased the risk of herpes labialis by 8.6 times (95 % CI 3.3–22.0). When the influence of past herpes infection and route of morphine were taken into account, no separate association between pruritus and herpex simplex labialis could be demonstrated.

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13

Scott, Joanne. "Making Ends Meet: Brisbane Women and Unemployment in the Great Depression." Queensland Review 13, no. 1 (January 2006): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132181660000427x.

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Reflecting on the process of writing history, Tom Griffiths argues that it is ‘the product of a fascinating struggle between imagination and evidence’. He adds that ‘it is our job to release reality, enable it to be seen, enable voices and silences to be heard’. Many Australian historians have expended considerable effort in seeking to understand the reality of the Great Depression of the 1930s, analysing its political, economic, social and cultural dimensions. There are still, however, ‘voices and silences to be heard’, including those of Brisbane women who suffered financial hardships in this period and who actively responded to those hardships by accessing government relief, generating income and reducing their and their families' expenditure. Attempting to retrieve and evaluate those responses suggests that the ‘voices’ are inevitably accompanied by ‘silences’ — that the pictorial, documentary and oral sources which offer valuable insights into Brisbane women's lives also prompt questions that cannot be answered from those sources. In addition to providing an overview of how Brisbane women ‘made ends meet’ during the Depression, this article emphasises the limits of historical knowledge. Those limits are especially apparent in my attempt to reconstruct — or imagine — the experiences of one of the hundreds of unemployed women who visited the Female Labour Exchange during the 1930s.

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Hoffman, Max Amos, and Adel Ekladious. "Clinically isolated descending thoracic aortitis in a healthy older woman: a diagnostic challenge." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 2 (February 2021): e238009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-238009.

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A woman travelling to Australia in her early 70s presents to a regional emergency department with chest pain and associated shortness of breath. Her medical history was that of seasonal affective disorder treated with citalopram, and an allergy to ibuprofen. Subsequent CT imaging revealed aortic wall thickening and associated periaortic fluid, and a moderate pleural effusion. This was successfully treated with oral prednisolone, responding within 1 day. Further blood tests revealed a high CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, which can be seen in autoimmune disease, sarcoidosis and haematological malignancies. Without evidence for other autoimmune processes, the patient was given a provisional diagnosis of descending thoracic aortitis secondary to sarcoidosis, prescribed a weaning regimen of prednisolone, and asked to seek further investigation and management in her home country. This is a case with several learning points; rare disease can cause common presentations/reports, and sometimes empirical therapy is the only therapy.

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Wishah, Um Jabr. "Palestinian Voices: Scenes of Everyday Life in Bayt 'Affa." Journal of Palestine Studies 35, no. 2 (January 1, 2006): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2006.35.2.75.

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The following excerpts were taken from the ““life history”” of Um Jabr Wishah, one of seven ““life histories”” collected as part of an oral history project, as yet unpublished, of seven women living in various parts of the Gaza Strip who were old enough to have clear memories of the pre-1948 period. The women were selected on the basis of some previous knowledge of them and their stated willingness to take part in the project. The ““histories,”” collected over the last six months of 2001, range from 25,000 to 40,000 words and cover the narrators' everyday life and experiences through the successive wars and disruptions as well as their thoughts about the future. Each woman was interviewed a number of times, with the tape of each interview transcribed and translated before the following interview. The memories were set down exactly as they were told; the only ““editing”” consists of integrating details or elaborations supplied during subsequent interviews at the appropriate chronological place. The life histories were collected by Barbara Bill, an Australian who worked with the Women's Empowerment Project of the Gaza Community Mental Health Program starting from 1996, and Ghada Ageel, a refugee from a Gaza camp now working on her Ph.D. in Middle Eastern politics at the University of Exeter in England. Um Jabr, who was in her early 70s at the time of the interviews, has been living in the al-Bureij refugee camp since 1950. Future issues of JPS will carry excerpts from Um Jabr's story regarding the 1948 war and about organizing prison visits in the 1980s and 1990s.

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Wishah, Um Jabr. "““Prisoners for Freedom””: The Prisoners Issue Before and After Oslo." Journal of Palestine Studies 36, no. 1 (2006): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2006.36.1.71.

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This is the third and final installment of Um Jabr's ““life story,”” earlier segments of which——on village life in pre-1948 Palestine and on the 1948 war and its aftermath——were published in JPS 138 (winter 2006) and JPS 140 (summer 2006). The current excerpts focus on Um Jabr's intense involvement in the prisoner issue that began when two of her sons were in Israeli jails. In particular, her activism took the form of organizing other women to visit prisoners from Arab countries who had no one to visit them on the twice monthly visits allowed. Um Jabr's 36,000-word ““life story”” was one of seven collected as part of an oral history project, as yet unpublished, carried out by Barbara Bill, an Australian who since 1996 has worked with the Women's Empowerment Project of the Gaza Community Mental Health Program, and Ghada Ageel, a refugee from al-Bureij camp now earning her Ph.D. at the University of Exeter in England. The women who participated in the project were interviewed a number of times during the first half of 2001; after the tapes were transcribed, the memories were set down exactly as they were told, the only ““editing”” being the integration of material from the various interviews into one ““life story.”” Um Jabr, who was in her early 70s at the time of the interviews, still lives in al-Bureij camp, where she has since 1950.

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Lim, Hui Yin, Cheryl Ng, Carole L. Smith, Geoffrey Donnan, Harshal Nandurkar, and Prahlad Ho. "Ten Years of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) in Melbourne, Australia: Male Gender and Presence of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Is Associated with Thrombotic Recurrence in Unprovoked Events." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4468.4468.

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Abstract Aim Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) accounts for 0.5-1.0% of all strokes and is a common cause of stroke in young people. The presentations are often heterogeneous and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This review aims to evaluate our local experience in CVT compared to other venous thromboembolism (VTE) with a focus on risk factors for thrombotic recurrence. Methods Retrospective evaluation of consecutive CVT presentations from January 2005 to June 2015, at two major tertiary hospitals in Melbourne, Australia. Data collected included demographics, risk factors, management, complications, modified Rankin score (mRS) and mortality. Results 52 patients (31 female, 21 male) with median age 9.5 (18-83) years, including 4 with cancer, presented with 53 episodes of CVT. Females were younger (32 vs 41 years, p=0.06). Typical presenting symptoms were headache (87%), nausea/vomiting (43%), visual disturbances (38%), focal neurological deficits (28%) and seizures (17%). All but one case was symptomatic, with 53% reporting symptoms in the preceding week. 18 (34%) failed to be diagnosed on initial presentation while 35% (13/37) of CT brain yielded false negative for thrombosis; all of which were subsequently diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT angiography/venography. Commonly thrombosed sinuses included transverse/sigmoid (40%), superior sagittal (11%) or both (43%), with no location-dependent outcome differences. Nine (17%) had CVT-related haemorrhagic transformation and was associated with CVT-related death (2/9 vs 0/44; p=0.04). 28 episodes were provoked - twice more common in female (p=0.02) with 45% attributed to oral contraceptive pill(OCP). 44 patients (85%) had thrombophilia screen performed with 21% positivity. Median duration of anticoagulation was 6.5 months (8 remained on long-term); 78% treated with warfarin. Eight (15%) required intensive care support, while 2 patients required decompressive surgery. 12 (23%) were not followed up in our institutions. At last follow-up of the remaining 40, 2 (5%) had worsening mRS of ³ 2 compared to premorbid, 2 had CVT-related deaths and 2 succumbed to malignancy. 30% reported ongoing symptoms such as headaches, residual neurological deficits, seizures and memory impairment. There were three clot recurrences (1 CVT, 2 portal vein thrombosis) - all male with initial unprovoked events and were subsequently diagnosed with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Of the 3, one was positive for JAK2V617F mutation. Men with unprovoked CVT had a 20% risk of recurrence, significantly higher compared to women with unprovoked events (3/15 vs 0/10; p=0.02). Clot progression, defined as increased clot burden on repeat imaging, occurred in 2 patients - one was associated with MPN while another progressed in the setting of subtherapeutic anticoagulation post partum. There was one episode of Grade III bleeding (following a procedure) in addition to the 2 (4%) clot-related deaths discussed prior. Table 1.compares the characteristics of CVT and other VTE previously audited by us. Conclusions CVT is rare and may be missed on initial presentation (34%)_with a high degree of clinical suspicion required to improve detection rate. Given there was 35% of CT brain had false negative, MRI or CT angiography is the preferred modality of investigation. It is more common in young people, particularly females on OCP. The presence of haemorrhagic transformation was associated with higher mortality. All thrombotic recurrences in this audit occurred in men with unprovoked events, who were subsequently diagnosed with MPN. This suggests the need for further evaluation, particularly for MPN in males with unprovoked events. Table 1. Comparison between CVT and VTE patients CVT VTE RR; p-value No of patients 52 743 No of episodes 53 753 Incidence 5 cases/year 502 cases/year Median age (years) 39 63 RR 0.39, p<0.001 Male genderRecurrence in males 21 (40%)3 (14%) 367 (49%)33 (9%) p=0.24 Provoked events 28 (53%) 467 (62%) p=0.23 Past VTE history 3 (6%) 157 (21%) RR 0.27, p=0.02 Positive family history 6 (12%) 56 (8%) p=0.29 Thrombophilia screen done (%)Any positive screen 44 (85%)11 (21%) 304 (40%)69 (23%) RR 2.10, p<0.001 p=0.76 Median duration of anticoagulation 6.5m Below knee VTE 3mMajor VTE 6m RecurrenceProvoked 3 (5%)0 (0%) 55 (7%)27 (6%) p=0.79p=0.39 Grade III/IV bleeding 3 (6%) 42 (6%) p=0.98 Non-cancer mortality 2 (4%) 109 (15%) RR 0.28, p=0.07 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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18

Hill, Ruth Edmonds. "The Black Women Oral History Project." Behavioral & Social Sciences Librarian 4, no. 4 (March 3, 1986): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j103v04n04_02.

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19

Hay, Roy. "Manchester City Women: An Oral History." International Journal of the History of Sport 38, no. 4 (March 4, 2021): 441–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2021.1944731.

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Misztal, Barbara A. "Migrant women in Australia." Journal of Intercultural Studies 12, no. 2 (January 1991): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256868.1991.9963376.

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21

Piperoglou, Andonis. "Remembering Migration: Oral Histories and Heritage in Australia." Australian Historical Studies 51, no. 4 (September 28, 2020): 496–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2020.1823589.

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Crawford, Robert, and Matthew Bailey. "Speaking of research: oral history and marketing history." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 10, no. 1 (February 19, 2018): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-02-2017-0007.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the value of oral history for marketing historians and provide case studies from projects in the Australian context to demonstrate its utility. These case studies are framed within a theme of market research and its historical development in two industries: advertising and retail property. Design/methodology/approach This study examines oral histories from two marketing history projects. The first, a study of the advertising industry, examines the globalisation of the advertising agency in Australia over the period spanning the 1950s to the 1980s, through 120 interviews. The second, a history of the retail property industry in Australia, included 25 interviews with executives from Australia’s largest retail property firms whose careers spanned from the mid-1960s through to the present day. Findings The research demonstrates that oral histories provide a valuable entry port through which histories of marketing, shifts in approaches to market research and changing attitudes within industries can be examined. Interviews provided insights into firm culture and practices; demonstrated the variability of individual approaches within firms and across industries; created a record of the ways that market research has been conducted over time; and revealed the ways that some experienced operators continued to rely on traditional practices despite technological advances in research methods. Originality/value Despite their ubiquity, both the advertising and retail property industries in Australia have received limited scholarly attention. Recent scholarship is redressing this gap, but more needs to be understood about the inner workings of firms in an historical context. Oral histories provide an avenue for developing such understandings. The paper also contributes to broader debates about the role of oral history in business and marketing history.

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Ray, Mary Beth. "Women Who Rock Digital Oral History Archive." American Journalism 38, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2021.1912533.

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Stevens, Rachel, and Seamus O’Hanlon. "Intimate Oral Histories: Intercultural Romantic Relationships in Postwar Australia." Australian Historical Studies 49, no. 3 (July 3, 2018): 359–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2018.1486444.

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Damousi, Joy. "‘Women—Keep Australia Free!’: Women Voters and Activists in the 1951 Referendum Campaign." Australian Historical Studies 44, no. 1 (March 2013): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2012.760630.

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McBride, Theresa, and Elizabeth Roberts. "Women and Families: An Oral History, 1940-1970." American Historical Review 101, no. 5 (December 1996): 1546. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2170223.

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Hunter, Jean E. "Women and Families: An Oral History, 1940–1970." History: Reviews of New Books 24, no. 2 (January 1996): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1996.9951200.

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Shopes, Linda. "When Women Interview Women - And Then Publish It: Reflections on Oral History, Women's History, and Public History." Journal of Women's History 6, no. 1 (1994): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2010.0242.

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Nolan, Janet A., and Judith Porter Adams. "Peacework: Oral Histories of Women Peace Activists." Journal of American History 78, no. 4 (March 1992): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2079452.

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Thomson, Alistair. "Australian Generations? Memory, Oral History and Generational Identity in Postwar Australia." Australian Historical Studies 47, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2015.1120335.

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McLachlan, Fiona, and Jennifer Curtin. "Introduction: Women, Sport and History in Australia and New Zealand." International Journal of the History of Sport 33, no. 17 (November 21, 2016): 2069–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2016.1368904.

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Osterud, N. G., and L. A. Jones. "Oral History and Rural Women in the United States: "If I Must Say So Myself": Oral Histories of Rural Women." Oral History Review 17, no. 2 (September 1, 1989): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/17.2.1.

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Sherlock, Peter. "‘Leave it to the Women’ The Exclusion of Women from Anglican Church Government in Australia." Australian Historical Studies 39, no. 3 (August 18, 2008): 288–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10314610802263299.

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Trevitt, Chris. "Making a place: an oral history of academic development in Australia." Teaching in Higher Education 14, no. 6 (December 2009): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13562510903378561.

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Bailey, Matthew. "Written testimony, oral history and retail environments." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 7, no. 3 (August 17, 2015): 356–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-10-2014-0032.

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Purpose – This paper aims to join a growing movement in marketing history to include the voices of consumers in historical research on retail environments. It aims to show that consumer perspectives offer new insights to the emergence and reception of large-scale, pre-planned shopping centers in Australia during the 1960s, and allow one to write a history of this retail form from below, in contrast to the top-down approach that is characteristic of the broader literature on shopping mall development. Design/methodology/approach – Written testimonies by consumers were gathered using a qualitative online questionnaire. The methodology is related to oral history, in that it seeks to capture the subjective experiences of participants, has the capacity to create new archives, to fill or explain gaps in existing repositories and provide a voice to those frequently lost to the historical record. Findings – The written testimonies gathered for this project provide an important contribution to the understanding of shopping centers in Australia and, particularly Sydney, during the 1960s, the ways that they were envisaged and used and insights into their reception and success. Research limitations/implications – As with oral history, written testimony has limitations as a methodology due to its reliance on memory, requiring both sophisticated and cautious readings of the data. Originality/value – The methodology used in this paper is unique in this context and provides new understandings of Australian retail property development. For current marketers, the historically constituted relationship between people and place offers potential for community targeted promotional campaigns.

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Darian-Smith, Kate, and Paula Hamilton. "Memory and history in twenty-first century Australia: A survey of the field." Memory Studies 6, no. 3 (June 28, 2013): 370–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698013482868.

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This essay surveys the fields of oral history and memory studies in Australia since the publication of the landmark volume Memory and History in Twentieth-Century Australia in 1994. It argues that the practice of oral history has been central to memory studies in Australia, and explores key texts relating to the memory and commemoration of war, colonialism, Indigenous histories, trauma and witnessing in Australian society.

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Stoeltje, Beverly, and Julie Jones-Eddy. "Homesteading Women: An Oral History of Colorado, 1890-1950." Journal of American History 80, no. 3 (December 1993): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2080504.

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Hendrickson, David C., and Ann Miller Morin. "Her Excellency: An Oral History of American Women Ambassadors." Foreign Affairs 74, no. 6 (1995): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20047409.

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Glazer, Penina M., and Ann Miller Morin. "Her Excellency: An Oral History of American Women Ambassadors." Journal of American History 83, no. 3 (December 1996): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2945773.

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D'Amico, F. "Her Excellency: An Oral History of American Women Ambassadors." Oral History Review 23, no. 2 (December 1, 1996): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ohr/23.2.104.

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George, Ajesh, Margaret Duff, Shilpi Ajwani, Maree Johnson, Hannah Dahlen, Anthony Blinkhorn, Sharon Ellis, and Sameer Bhole. "Development of an Online Education Program for Midwives in Australia to Improve Perinatal Oral Health." Journal of Perinatal Education 21, no. 2 (2012): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.21.2.112.

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It is recommended that all pregnant women should receive a comprehensive oral health evaluation because poor maternal oral health may affect pregnancy outcomes and the general health of the woman and her baby. Midwives are well placed to provide dental health advice and referral. However, in Australia, little emphasis has been placed on the educational needs of midwives to undertake this role. This article outlines the development of an online education program designed to improve midwives’ dental health knowledge, prepare them to assess the oral health of women, refer when required, and provide appropriate dental education to women and their families. The program consists of reading and visual material to assist with the oral health assessment process and includes competency testing.

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Weiss, Gillian, and Marjorie Theobald. "Knowing Women: Origins of Women's Education in Nineteenth-Century Australia." History of Education Quarterly 37, no. 2 (1997): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/369369.

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Featherstone, Lisa. "Sexy Mamas? women, sexuality and reproduction in Australia in the 1940s." Australian Historical Studies 36, no. 126 (October 2005): 234–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10314610508682922.

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Russell, Penny, Marian Aveling, and Joy Damousi. "Stepping Out of History: Documents of Women at Work in Australia." Labour History, no. 62 (1992): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27509120.

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Giese, Diana. "Chinese Australian oral history: a project of the National Library of Australia." Asian Libraries 8, no. 3 (March 1999): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10176749910267857.

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Poynting, Scott. "The ‘Lost’ Girls: Muslim Young Women in Australia." Journal of Intercultural Studies 30, no. 4 (November 2009): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07256860903214123.

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Woollacott, Angela. "The Meanings of Protection: Women in Colonial and Colonizing Australia." Journal of Women's History 14, no. 4 (2003): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jowh.2003.0017.

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48

Beasley, Maurine H. "Women in Journalism: Washington Press Club Foundation Oral History Archive." American Journalism 32, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.2015.999637.

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49

Young, Christabel. "No Rising Generation. Women and Fertility in Late Nineteenth-Century Australia." Population Studies 45, no. 1 (March 1991): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000145356.

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Clark, Anna. "Talking About History: A Case for Oral Historiography." Public History Review 17 (December 22, 2010): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v17i0.1792.

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The history wars are far from over—the question is, do they resonate beyond the limited public sphere in which they play out? What do Australians think of their history in light of these politicised historical debates? By way of answer, this paper examines the enduring public contest over the past and then investigates more elusive, but no less significant, everyday conversations about Australian history around the country. By proposing a method of ‘oral historiography’ to gauge contemporary historical understandings in Australia, it brings a critical new perspective to these ongoing debates. It offers ordinary people a chance to contribute to national discussions about Australian history and it challenges some of the more simplistic and troubling assumptions of the history wars.

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