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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Women at war'

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Published: 17 July 2023

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1

McIntosh, Terresa (Terresa Ann) Carleton University Dissertation Canadian Studies. "Other images of war : Canadian women war artists of the first and second world wars." Ottawa, 1990.

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2

Willett, Adrian Schultze Buser. "Our house was divided Kentucky women and the Civil War /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3344610.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 6, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-02, Section: A, page: 0667. Adviser: Steven Stowe.
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3

House, Felice. "War women: a motivating legacy enhanced." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3781.

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Motivated by the need for strong female depictions in our culture, as well as the desire to research and pay tribute to the women workers of World War II, the author initiated the War Women project as the focus of this thesis. The objective of the project was to create a series of large-scale paintings of the women defense workers of World War II that could be used to pass down these women’s motivating legacy and reveal its contemporary context. To begin the project, nine historical photographs were chosen as source material for an original set of nine paintings. A problem arose when attempting to paint these images because the photographs chosen were low in resolution, leaving them vague and undefined. Though sufficient for creating the basic idea for a painting, the chosen photographs needed to be enhanced and re-created to become useful source material for the series of representational paintings. To enhance the images, props and models were found, photographed, and, in one instance, three-dimensionally modeled to replace their counterparts in the original photograph. Digital techniques like compositing, colorizing, and color correcting were essential tools for reinventing the source material. The resulting images were adequate source material for the series of nine paintings completed for the War Women project.
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4

Martinez, Morales Jennifer. "Women and war in Classical Greece." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/2042479/.

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This thesis examines the lives of women in Classical Greece in the context of war. War is often regarded as the domain of men but actually it is a social phenomenon where everybody is involved. Scholarship has begun to be interested in issues of women and war in Classical Greece, while they are insightful and demonstrate portions of women’s experience, studies to date have not attempted to create a holistic view. In such studies, women are generally depicted as a single homogeneous group, their involvement in war is viewed as limited and exceptional, and they are only seen as the marginal victims of war. This thesis, by contrast, strongly argues for diversity in women’s experiences during war. It demonstrates the centrality of war to women’s lives in Classical Greece, as well as how women’s experience might vary according to (for example) their social and economic circumstances. By analysing both written sources and archaeological material across the Classical period, this thesis intends to produce a broader perspective. By providing the first full-length study on the subject, this thesis, thus, contributes to the disciplines of both gender studies and warfare studies. This thesis begins by investigating the way in which ancient sources outlined wartime boundaries for women. While there were no formal ‘rules of war’, ancient writers nonetheless suggest that there were certain social conventions particular to the treatment of women in Classical Greece at times of war. As chapter 1 shows, perhaps surprisingly, women were not always evacuated from their communities as is commonly thought, they were not supposed to be maltreated, nor killed in Classical Greek warfare. Chapter 2 then examines ancient authors’ positive and negative evaluations on the behaviour of women in war. By analysing the way in which different sources rationalized women’s wartime behaviour, this thesis shows that there existed boundaries for women in war. Having established women’s potential involvement in war, an exploration follows of their contributions to the war effort, both in the city and abroad. Two observations emerge from chapter 3. First, women were heavily involved in crucial wartime activities such as defending the city, distribution of food and missiles, giving military advice, among others. However, they also participated in negative and traitorous wartime behaviour such as facilitating enemy soldiers to escape a city under conflict. Second, their wartime contributions were not perceived to be ‘breaking social norms’ as is commonly maintained in much scholarly discussion. In chapter 4, the analyses of the different social and economic impacts of war on women reveals that war affected them directly through their experience of evacuations and their necessity to find employment due to wartime poverty, but war also affected women in more insidious ways, especially in their family life and relationships. Finally, chapter 5 then analyses the impact of war with special reference to women’s experiences in post-war contexts such as captivity, slavery, and rape and sexual violence. By showing the variety of experiences and how there existed selection processes with regards to women, this chapter demonstrates that not all women were going to experience the same fates after war. The result is the emergence of a rounded picture of the wartime lives of women in Classical Greece.
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5

Cooke, Mary Lee. "Southern women, southern voices Civil War songs by southern women /." Greensboro, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007. http://libres.uncg.edu/edocs/etd/1477CookeML/umi-uncg-1477.pdf.

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Thesis (D.M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Feb. 29, 2008). Directed by Nancy Walker; submitted to the School of Music. Includes bibliographical references (p. 160-176).
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6

Kimball, Toshla (Toshla Rene). "Women, War, and Work: British Women in Industry 1914 to 1919." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500947/.

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This thesis examines the entry of women, during World War I, into industrial employment that men had previously dominated. It attempts to determine if women's wartime activities significantly changed the roles women played in industry and society. Major sources consulted include microfilm of the British Cabinet Minutes and British Cabinet Papers; Parliamentary Debates; memoirs of contemporaries like David Lloyd George, Beatrice Webb, Sylvia Pankhurst, and Monica Cosens; and contemporary newspapers. The examination begins with the early debates concerning the pressing need for labor in war industries, women's recruitment into industry, women's work and plans, the government's arrangements for demobilization, and women's roles in postwar industry. The thesis concludes that women were treated as a transient commodity by the government and the trade unions.
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Gottlieb, Julie V. "Women and fascism in inter-war Britain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272407.

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8

Cauley, Catherine S. "Queering the WAC: The World War II Military Experience of Queer Women." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2062.

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The demands of WWII mobilization led to the creation of the first standing women's army in the US known as the Women's Army Corps (WAC). An unintended consequence of this was that the WAC provided queer women with an environment with which to explore their gender and sexuality while also giving them the cover of respectability and service that protected them from harsh societal repercussions. They could eschew family for their military careers. They could wear masculine clothing, exhibit a masculine demeanor, and engage in a homosocial environment without being seen as subversive to the American way of life. Quite the contrary: the outside world saw them as helping to protect their country. This paper looks at the life of one such queer soldier, Dorothee Gore. Dorothee's letters, journals, and memorabilia demonstrate that for many lesbians of her generation, service in the WACS during WWII was a time of relatively open camaraderie and acceptance by straight society.
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9

Guyot, Lucienne. "'Fighting My Way Through': Northern Rural Women in the American Civil War." Thesis, Department of History, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8822.

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Rural women are almost entirely absent in the voluminous scholarship on the American Civil War. Yet women were more than volunteers and nurses during this conflict; they also worked the land, helping the North to achieve an unprecedented agricultural output, despite the enlistment of millions of Northern men in the army. This thesis tracks the fate of two Vermont farm families in order to analyse rural women's wartime experiences. Using their personal letters coupled with local histories, Vermont newspapers, government documents and a range of printed sources focused on rural life, this thesis maps the way farmwomen coped with the challenges of running farms alone. Widely recognised during the war for their contribution in sustaining the Northern economy and feeding the army, rural women would later be thoroughly forgotten.
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Robinson, Zoe Catherine. "Women in Blue: Women in the US Navy during World War Two." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626315.

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Carpenter, Robyn Charli. ""Innocent women and children" : gender, norms and the protection of civilians /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113003.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 244-291). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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12

Newman, Jennifer Ann Noe Kenneth W. "Writing, religion, and women's identity in Civil War Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1629.

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13

Paton-Walsh, Margaret. "Our war too : American women against the Axis /." Lawrence, Kan : University Press of Kansas, 2002. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy032/2002002976.html.

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Milligan, Jennifer E. "French women writers of the inter-war period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319011.

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15

Amundson, Anna Claire. "Sentimental journey? The immigrant experience of World War II-era war brides in Montana /." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05132009-140526/unrestricted/Amundson_Anna_Thesis_Final.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Montana, 2009.
Title from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on August 12, 2009. Author supplied keywords: War brides ; World War II ; Montana ; ethnicity ; assimilation. Includes bibliographical references.
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16

Ozel, Gulen. "Sexual Violence Against Women In Civil Wars: An Analysis Of Yugoslavian Civil War." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607244/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, the systematic usage of sexual violence towards women as a weapon during the Yugoslavian Civil War is analyzed. The study attempts to underline the role of gender identities of women during the Civil War as a means for the victimization of women through sexual violence, especially mass rapes. It is argued that with the disintegration of Yugoslavia, as men clashed for power, the portrayal of women as mothers and carriers of the nation under the nationalistic discourse caused these women to become the primary targets of the war. It is also argued that the primary aim of rape as a weapon of ethnic cleansing during the war was to destroy the harmony and unity of the enemy by dishonoring and violating their women.
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17

Bunker, Lillian K. "Girls in war, women in peace : reintegration and (in)justice in post-war Mozambique." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11769.

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This study explores the longitudinal reintegration of girls involved in the post-independence war in Mozambique using in-depth qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews, and a wide range of documents. Piecing together the narratives of over 70 informants, the dissertation chronicles the way in which the war and the post-conflict environment, and to a lesser extent, the historical cultural milieu, have contributed to these women’s current realities.
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18

Singh, Sanjana P. "Framing Freedom Wars: US Rhetoric in Afghanistan During the Cold War and the War on Terror." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/541.

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The United States has maintained a heavy military presence in Afghanistan for a little more than a decade however; the US has been involved in Afghanistan on and off for over three decades. The 2001 ‘war on terror’ in Afghanistan became framed around the goal of saving Afghan women. In order to understand how this framing came about and what the impact of this framing was I study US congressional documents, speeches and other public rhetoric by government officials in the 1980s and early 2000s. Analyzing rhetorical language and reoccurring themes helps us understand what major framing devices and narrative techniques were in play during these time periods. Ultimately I conclude that women’s safety was a post-facto justification for intervention; the framing techniques used during the 2001 were utilized in order to create a clear, coherent narrative that selectively ignores the impact of US involvement in Afghanistan during the Cold War.
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Chan, Lai-on. "New enemies women writers and the First World War /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628703.

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Thompson, Grant. "The 'comfort women' : war time abuse and postwar silence /." Title page and contents only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09art4745.pdf.

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Chan, Lai-on, and 陳麗安. "New enemies: women writers and the First World War." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38628703.

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22

Jackson, Angela. "British women and the Spanish Civil War, 1936-39." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327125.

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23

Nieto-Valdivieso, Yoana Fernanda. "(Ex)guerrilleras : women waging war in Colombia, 1964-2012." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:14582.

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24

Woodworth, Megan Amanda. "Becoming gentlemen : women writers, masculinity, and war, 1778-1818." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/38453.

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In Letters to a Young Man (1801) Jane West states that “no character is so difficult to invent or support as that of a gentleman” (74). The invention of that character, determining what qualities, qualifications, and behaviour befits a gentleman, preoccupied writers and thinkers throughout the eighteenth century. This thesis traces the evolution of the masculine ideals – chivalry, republican virtue, professional merit – that informed what it meant to be a gentleman. Because gentlemanliness had implications for citizenship and political rights, Defoe, Richardson, Rousseau, and the other men who sought to define gentlemanliness increasingly connected it and citizenship to gendered virtue rather than socio-economic status. Women writers were equally concerned with the developing gentlemanly ideal and, as I will show, its political implications. This thesis brings together masculinity studies and feminist literary history, but also combines the gendered social history that often frames studies of women’s writing with the political and military history traditionally associated with men. Doody (1988) suggests that novels are influenced by three separate histories: “the life of the individual, the cultural life of the surrounding society, and the tradition of the chosen art” (9). With the feminocentric novel, however, the historical context is often circumscribed by a concern for what is ‘feminine’ and what polite lady novelists might be responding to. With the exception of women’s participation in the 1790s debates, eighteenth-century women writers have been seen as shying away from divisive political topics, including war. However, I will show that masculinity is central to re-evaluating the ways in which women writers engaged with politics through the courtship plot, because, as McCormack (2005) stresses, “politics and the family were inseparable in Georgian England” (13). Furthermore, as Russell (1995) observes, war is a cultural event that affects and alters “the textures of thought, feeling, and behaviour” (2-3). Focusing on late-eighteenth-century wars, this thesis will explore how political and military events influenced masculine ideals – particularly independence – and how these changes were negotiated in women's novels. Beginning with Frances Burney, this thesis explores the ways in which women writers offered solutions to the problem of masculinity while promoting a (proto)feminist project of equality. By rejecting chivalry and creating a model of manliness that builds on republican virtue and adopts the emerging professional ethic, women writers created heroes defined by personal merit, not accidents of birth. Burney begins this process in Evelina (1778) before problematising the lack of manly independence in Cecilia (1782). Charlotte Smith and Jane West take the problems Burney’s work exposes and offer alternatives to chivalric masculinity amidst the heightened concerns about liberty and citizenship surrounding the French revolution. Finally, Maria Edgeworth’s and Jane Austen’s Napoleonic-era novels promote professionalism as a path to gentility but also as a meritocratic alternative to landed and aristocratic social models. Though the solutions offered by these writers differ, in their opposition to chivalric masculinity they demonstrate that liberating men from the shackles of feudal dependence is essential to freeing women from patriarchal tyranny.
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Rathbun, Tiffani. "The psychological effects of war on women in Uganda." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p090-0356.

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Wade, Chris A. "Muslim women and women's organizations allies in the war of ideas." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FWade.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.
Thesis Advisor(s): Robinson, Glenn E. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 24, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-88). Also available in print.
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Rother, Laura M. "World War I Posters and the Female Form: Asserting Ownership of the American Woman." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1211918047.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Cleveland State University, 2008.
Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 9, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-69). Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.
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Bolcevic, Sherri Quirke. "Rhetoric and Realities: Women, Gender, and War during the War of 1812 in the Great Lakes Region." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1407847108.

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29

Holmes, Elizabeth Ann. "Women, Work, and the Civil War: The Effect of the Civil War on the Women Working in Richmond, Virginia, between 1860 and 1870." W&M ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625545.

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30

Lueker, Lorna L. "Women, war and social change in Zimbabwe : the challenge of independence /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9835398.

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31

Pecora, Jennifer. "Women Mourners, Mourning "NoBody"." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2220.

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Historian David Bell recently suggested that scholars reconsider the impact of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (1793-1815) upon modern culture, naming them the first "total war" in modern history. My thesis explores the significance of the wars specifically in the British mourning culture of the period by studying the war literature of four women writers: Anna Letitia Barbauld, Amelia Opie, Jane Austen, and Felicia Hemans. This paper further asks how these authors contributed to the development of a national consciousness studied by Georg Lukács, Benedict Anderson, and others. I argue that women had a representative experience of non-combatants' struggle to mourn war deaths occurring in relatively foreign lands and circumstances. Women writers recorded and contributed to this representative experience that aided the development of a national consciousness in its strong sense of shared anxieties and grief for soldiers. Excluded physically and experientially, women would have had an especially difficult time attempting to mourn combatant deaths while struggling to imagine the places and manners in which those deaths occurred, especially when no physical bodies came home to "testify" of their loved ones' experiences. Women writers' literary portraits of imagined women mourning those whose bodies never came home provide interesting insights into the strategies employed during the grieving process and ultimately demonstrate their contribution to a collective British consciousness based on mourning. The questions I explore in the first section of this thesis circle around the idea of women as writers and mourners: What were writers saying about war, death, and mourning? What common themes begin to appear in the women's Romantic war literature? And, perhaps most importantly, how did such mourning literature affect the growing sense of nationality coming out of this period? In the second section, I consider more precisely how these literary contributions affected mourning culture when no bodies were present for burial and advanced the development of a national consciousness that recognized the wars' "nobodies." How did women's experiences of being left behind and marginalized in the war efforts prepare them to conceptualize destructive mass deaths abroad, and, conceptualizing them, to mourn them?
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32

Kienzler, Hanna. "The differential impact of war and trauma on Kosovar Albanian women living in post-war Kosova." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96906.

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The war in Kosova had a profound impact on the lives of the civilian population and was a major cause of material destruction, disintegration of social fabrics and ill health. Throughout 1998 and 1999, the number of killings is estimated to be 10,000 with the majority of the victims being Kosovar Albanian killed by Serbian forces. An additional 863,000 civilians sought or were forced into refuge outside Kosova and 590,000 were internally displaced. Moreover, rape and torture, looting, pillaging and extortion were committed. The aim of my dissertation is to rewrite aspects of the recent belligerent history of Kosova with a focus on how history is created and transformed through bodily expressions of distress. The ethnographic study was conducted in two Kosovar villages that were hit especially hard during the war. In both villages, my research was based on participant observation which allowed me to immerse myself in Kosovar culture and the daily activities of the people under study. The dissertation is divided into four interrelated parts.The first part is based on published accounts describing how various external power regimes affected local Kosovar culture, and how the latter was continuously transformed by the local population throughout history. The second part focuses on collective memories and explores how villagers construct their community's past in order to give meaning to their everyday lives in a time of political and economic upheaval. The third part looks at how women create, change and, thereby, influence collective memories through bodily expressions of distress. Finally, the fourth part makes apparent how through clinical practice and traditional healing, history, collective memories and traumatic memories are negotiated and invested with new meanings and attributions. The dissertation concludes with a focus on the interrelation of collective and traumatic memories which generate and justify women's health problems. In this context, it is argued that patient-practitioner interaction should be perceived as an opportunity to build ethical relationships which go beyond the relatively narrow medical mandate by providing women with "tools" to create social spaces in which they can live and commemorate in a healthy way.
La guerre au Kosova a eu un impact profond sur la vie de la population civile et a été une cause majeure de la destruction matérielle, de la désintégration du tissu social et de problèmes de santé. Au courant des années 1998 et 1999, le nombre de meurtres a été estimé à 10,000, la majorité des victimes étant des Albanais du Kosova tués par les forces serbes. De plus, 863,000 civils ont été recherchés ou contraints à prendre refuge en dehors du Kosova, et 590,000 ont été déplacés à l'intérieur du territoire. En outre, des viols, de la torture, des pillages et des extorsions ont été commis. L'objectif de ma thèse consiste à revoir les aspects de l'histoire récente du Kosova belligérant en mettant l'accent sur la façon dont l'histoire est créée et transformée à travers les expressions corporelles de détresse. L'étude ethnographique a été menée dans deux villages kosovars, qui ont été particulièrement touchés pendant la guerre. Dans les deux villages, ma recherche s'est basée sur l'observation participante, qui m'a permis de me plonger dans la culture kosovare et les activités quotidiennes de la population à l'étude. La thèse est divisée en quatre parties interdépendantes. La première partie recensent les écrits traitant des différents régimes politiques externes qui ont affecté la culture locale kosovare, et comment celle-ci a été continuellement transformée par la population locale au cours de l'histoire. La deuxième partie s'attarde aux mémoires collectives et explore comment les villageois construisent le passé de leur communauté, afin de donner un sens à leur vie quotidienne à une époque de bouleversements politiques et économiques. La troisième partie examine la façon dont les femmes créent, changent et, par conséquent, influencent les mémoires collectives à travers des expressions corporelles de détresse. Enfin, la quatrième partie met en évidence comment, à travers la pratique clinique et les rites de guérison traditionnels, les mémoires collectives et les traumatismes sont négociés et investis de nouvelles significations et attributions. La thèse conclut en mettant l'accent sur l'interdépendance des mémoires collectives et des traumatismes, qui génèrent et justifient les problèmes de santé des femmes. Dans ce contexte, il est soutenu que l'interaction patient-praticien devrait être perçue comme une occasion d'établir des relations éthiques qui vont au-delà du mandat relativement étroit de la médecine en offrant aux femmes des «outils» pour créer des espaces sociaux dans lesquels elles peuvent vivre et commémorer de façon saine.
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Briggs, Marlene Anne. "The Great War and British fiction by women, 1917-1925." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6667.

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This study of British women writers of the Great War highlights the connections between literature and social history in the first quarter of the twentieth century. An examination of The Tree of Heaven (1917), The Return of the Soldier (1918), The Crowded Street (1924), and Mrs. Dalloway (1925) will reveal the manner in which male and female gender roles were subject to acute interrogation in wartime and post-war British society. Chapter 1 surveys literary and cultural scholarship on the Great War in order to emphasize the failure of gender-specific narratives of social change to address the complex dynamics of gender conflict which characterized the period. Chapter 2 investigates the non-combatant communities of women created through the gender-segregation of the War, revealing that the constructions of feminism in The Tree of Heaven and The Crowded Street are contextualized within their appropriation of military models for female collectivity and interaction. Chapter 3 focuses on the relationships between non-combatant women and shell-shocked veterans in The Return of the Soldier and Mrs. Dalloway, illustrating that the male and female subjects of these texts are constructed in terms of their mutual subjection to the discursive institutions of the State in wartime and post-war society. All four texts provide both Modernism and feminism with a compelling, if contradictory, dimension which needs to be recovered.
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Morrison, Laurie Elena. "Māori Women and Gambling: Every Day is a War Day!" The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2537.

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This study was concerned with the health implications of new forms of gambling such as casinos, pokie machines and internet gambling for Māori women and their families in Auckland and the Bay of Plenty region of Aotearoa (New Zealand). It set out to discover what culturally appropriate services were available and the extent to which Māori women gamblers were utilising them. The literature documenting Māori perceptions of gambling shows that Māori women gamblers and their partner/whānau members and gambling service providers have been little studied previously. These goals translated into the following specific aims: 1) to study how Māori women problem gamblers, their partner or whānau members and key informants perceived gambling, what it meant to them and why they did it; 2) to investigate the consequences of gambling for Māori women, whānau and service providers in dealing with the effects of gambling; 3) to report on how these three groups dealt with the effects of gambling; and 4) to discover what helped to bring about positive changes for the three groups. All of the aims were achieved. A Māori approach (Kaupapa Māori), combined with a naturalistic approach to data collection, was adopted. Qualitative methods are most appropriate to use when working with some Māori, as there is a growing realisation that research with Māori needs to be interactive. A Māori research procedure modelled on the ritual ceremony of encounter (Pōwhiri) provided an appropriate structure for the development and presentation of the research process. The major focus was on the qualitative data obtained from semi-structured interviews in two locations - Rotorua and Auckland. The interviews were conducted with twenty Māori women gamblers, sixteen whānau members including partners and ten interviews with staff involved in services that provided help for problem gamblers. The three interview schedules were based on a number of broad themes and open-ended questions to obtain meaningful descriptive data. The interviews were audio recorded and used to produce transcripts that were then sent back to the participants for feedback. Qualitative data analysis was conducted on the returned documents. The findings from this study revealed major impacts of the women's socio-economic, familial and societal circumstances on gambling behaviour and its effects, which are areas of concern for mental health professionals and researchers. The mythical Māori canoes on which Māori voyaged from their place of origin (Hawaiiki) to Aotearoa, the Waka, provided an appropriate metaphor to present the interrelationship between the pull and push factors toward gambling, and its implications for society. This is illustrated as a spinning waka, Te Waka Hūrihuri. On the other hand, Te Waka Māia (courageous) demonstrates the relationships between the variables that help Māori women gamblers to cope and helpful strategies found to assist them to modify or stop their gambling behaviour. It is recommended that the government limit the proliferation of gaming venues and continue to encourage development of emerging Māori services. Moreover, a coordinated approach is essential, as Māori women gamblers, partners and whānau members need to heal together for positive outcomes for Māori health development in Aotearoa. The main implication of this study is that a wide range of further research into Māori and gambling is required. Recommendations on ways in which the current delivery of services in Rotorua and Auckland could be improved are: That the Ministry of Health purchase services that establish support groups for Māori people with problem gambling and their whānau, and That non-Māori provider services and organisations support the development of emerging Māori services. Heeding the outcome of this research should help improve New Zealand's existing health policy and capacity for Māori women's health development. It should also enrich our understanding of the adaptation patterns of Māori whānau member/s, and thus should have implications, not only for Māori health policies, but also relevance for the wider field of international cross-comparative research on indigenous gambling and mental health issues. Limitations of this study included a small, localised sample that means the findings can only tentatively be generalised to the wider population of Māori women gamblers. Nonetheless, information gained from the study contributes to understanding of the adaptation patterns of Māori women gamblers, their whānau member/s, and those who are trying to help them. It is hoped that the study will make it at least a little less true that every day is a war day for Māori women and their whānau trying to deal with the problem of gambling.
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Wheeler, Tessa Verney. "Tessa Verney Wheeler : women and archaeology before World War Two." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496428.

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36

Nolan, Elizabeth. "Strategic narratives : American women writers and the First World War." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414115.

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This thesis both complements and expands on the recent body of scholarship which, in its attempts to contest the recognition of the experienced combat soldier's voice as the only voice of war, has recovered and re-evaluated women's written responses to conflict. Focusing on the First World War it considers a wide range of narratives written by a diversity of American women - professional authors including Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Edith Wharton and Willa Cather and private individuals whose memoirs and diaries record their experience of war, often on the front line as nurses or relief workers. Some of the material discussed is in the public domain, some is held in the archives of the Imperial War Museum. The study aims to be more inclusive in terms of the writers that are considered to be commentators on war, and it also seeks to widen understandings of what constitutes a war text. Gilman, for instance, is rarely discussed as a war writer, and several of the narratives examined, including Edith Wharton's novel Summer (1917) and Willa Cather's My Antonia (1918), in which the war is most significant by its absence are often ignored in discussions of wartime writings - these are, nonetheless, authentic narratives of conflict. The thesis argues that women occupy a contradictory position in time of war. Many engage in unfamiliar occupations and activities but they also have a heightened awareness of gender. As men are identified as combatant to their noncombatant, participant to their non-participant, their position as women in war and writing about war remains a site of contest. I contend that the women's war texts discussed here are all, to some extent, informed by issues of gender and authority and that in negotiating their contentious position in time of war these women employ a series of similar narrative strategies in order to articulate their experience and to intervene in the way that war is recorded.
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37

Willis, Avery Tinch. "Euripides' Trojan women : a 20th century war play in performance." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bb57e1d3-b560-45f2-8cd9-64befab97bba.

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In this dissertation, I approach the interpretation of a classical text in performance by examining the practical elements (directorial and design choices: set, costumes, lighting, music, etc.) and promotional materials (programmes, press releases, photographs, etc.) for a selection of significant test cases in order to determine how these production decisions engage with external factors of political, intellectual, and cultural import. Trojan Women is a particularly useful case study to explore within the parameters of this method because the dynamism and immediacy of the play is most powerfully articulated when production choices allow for it to be wielded as a weapon of protest or reaction against contemporary policy, especially the waging of war. Using a chronological approach, this analysis of Trojan Women as a text for performance provides a broad and in-depth discussion of the reception of the play in the twentieth century, the period in which the ancient text was most frequently performed. Through the investigation of several influential productions on the international stage, and through an examination of the roles of key players (particularly Gilbert Murray and Jean-Paul Sartre), Trojan Women emerges as a play that offers theatre artists a unique and effective forum for debating issues of human responsibility in times of war a central theme in the play and a considerable preoccupation during a century of armed conflict. Chapter One discusses how the play was used to criticize imperial activity and promote ideological causes in the first half of the century. Chapters Two and Three draw attention to a major cluster of performances reflecting the spirit of international war protest in the 1960s and 1970s. Chapter Four addresses productions of the play affected by delayed responses to the Holocaust. Chapter Five features performances in the 1990s that respond to crises of civil conflict and genocide.
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38

Hofmann, Bettina. "Ahead of survival : American women writers narrate the Vietnam war /." Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Paris [etc.] : P. Lang, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37511875r.

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39

Ryen, Rachael L. "The Gendered Geography of War: Confederate Women as Camp Followers." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/644.

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The American Civil War is often framed as exclusively masculine, consisting of soldiers, god-like generals, and battle; a sphere where women simply did not enter or coexist. This perception is largely due to the mobilization of approximately six million men, coupled with the Victorian era which did not permit women to engage in the public sphere. Women are given their place however, but it is more narrowly defined as home front assistance. Even as women transitioned from passive receivers to active participants, their efforts rarely defied gender norms. This thesis looks at Confederate female camp followers who appeared to defy societal conventions by entering the male dominated camps and blurred the lines between men and women’s proper spheres. While camp followers could be expanded to include women of the lower class, including black women, laborers, slaves and prostitutes, only middle and upper class white women are analyzed because they were the ones required to maintain respectability. More specifically, I analyze unmarried women, female soldiers, bereaved women and nurses. Barbara Welter articulated and labeled the concept of public versus private spheres, plus the attributes necessary to achieve respectability as the Cult of True Womanhood. The Cult of True Womanhood demanded that women be pious, pure, and submissive within the domestic sphere. It is with this foundation that the camp followers can be analyzed. Their actions appeared to break with the Cult of True Womanhood, but when they explained in memoirs, newspaper accounts, and journals why they entered the camps, they framed their responses in a way that allowed them to appear to conform to the cult.
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40

Emanuel, Elizabeth Frances. "Writing the oriental woman : an examination of the representation of Japanese women in contemporary Australian crime fiction." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/64475/1/Elizabeth_Emanuel_Exegesis.pdf.

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This study considers the challenges in representing women from other cultures in the crime fiction genre. The study is presented in two parts; an exegesis and a creative practice component consisting of a full length crime fiction novel, Batafurai. The exegesis examines the historical period of a section of the novel—post-war Japan—and how the area of research known as Occupation Studies provides an insight into the conditions of women during this period. The exegesis also examines selected postcolonial theory and its exposition of representations of the 'other' as a western construct designed to serve Eurocentric ends. The genre of crime fiction is reviewed, also, to determine how characters purportedly representing Oriental cultures are constricted by established stereotypes. Two case studies are examined to investigate whether these stereotypes are still apparent in contemporary Australian crime fiction. Finally, I discuss my own novel, Batafurai, to review how I represented people of Asian background, and whether my attempts to resist stereotype were successful. My conclusion illustrates how novels written in the crime fiction genre are reliant on strategies that are action-focused, rather than character-based, and thus often use easily recognizable types to quickly establish frameworks for their stories. As a sub-set of popular fiction, crime fiction has a tendency to replicate rather than challenge established stereotypes. Where it does challenge stereotypes, it reflects a territory that popular culture has already visited, such as the 'female', 'black' or 'gay' detective. Crime fiction also has, as one of its central concerns, an interest in examining and reinforcing the notion of societal order. It repeatedly demonstrates that crime either does not pay or should not pay. One of the ways it does this is to contrast what is 'good', known and understood with what is 'bad', unknown, foreign or beyond our normal comprehension. In western culture, the east has traditionally been employed as the site of difference, and has been constantly used as a setting of contrast, excitement or fear. Crime fiction conforms to this pattern, using the east to add a richness and depth to what otherwise might become a 'dry' tale. However, when used in such a way, what is variously eastern, 'other' or Oriental can never be paramount, always falling to secondary side of the binary opposites (good/evil, known/unknown, redeemed/doomed) at work. In an age of globalisation, the challenge for contemporary writers of popular fiction is to be responsive to an audience that demands respect for all cultures. Writers must demonstrate that they are sensitive to such concerns and can skillfully manage the tensions caused by the need to deliver work that operates within the parameters of the genre, and the desire to avoid offence to any cultural or ethnic group. In my work, my strategy to manage these tensions has been to create a back-story for my characters of Asian background, developing them above mere genre types, and to situate them with credibility in time and place through appropriate historical research.
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Holcomb, Krista R. "Women at war how I won my battle with domestic violence, but continue to fight the war /." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2005. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=572.

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42

Said, Hannah. "Refugee women| The cross cultural impact of war related trauma experienced by Iraqi and Vietnamese women." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1600596.

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The purpose of the study is to conduct research and bring awareness to war related events experienced by female refugees. Refugees from war torn countries arrive to the United States with various forms of trauma—some war related and others not. Trauma experienced by refugees can significantly impact their mental health and overall quality of life. Reliable and valid screenings/interventions, that use quantitative and qualitative methods, have proven to be beneficial. Currently there is limited information regarding the range of war related trauma and health outcomes experienced by female refugees of Middle Eastern (Kurdish) and Asian (Vietnamese) descent. This study examines the difference in migration, employment, education, health insurance, mental health, and personal problems experienced by 60 Vietnamese and 44 Iraqi women. An exploratory, qualitative and quantitative, research design was employed to detect war related, traumatic events. The ultimate aim of the study was to focus on the cross-cultural impact of war related trauma and its mental health and overall effects on female refugees.

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43

Brill, Kristen Cree. "Rewriting southern womanhood in the American Civil War." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608254.

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44

Kirkland, Melanie Anne Veach. "Daughters of Athena American women in the military during World War II /." Fort Worth, Tex. : Texas Christian University, 2009. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-04292009-155533/unrestricted/Kirkland.pdf.

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45

Washington, Carolyn J. "Women, rape and war: "Gaining redress within a human rights framework"." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA278032.

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46

Bell, Amy Helen. "Nought were we spared, British women poets of the Great War." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq24956.pdf.

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47

Lotzenhiser, Megan Wallace Patricia Ward. "Without glory the Women Airforce Service Pilots of World War II /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5126.

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48

Parker, Kristy. "Women MPs, feminism and domestic policy in the Second World War." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241334.

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49

Ahn, Yonson. "Korean "comfort women" and military sexual slavery in World War II." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4001/.

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The aim of this thesis is to explore the way in which sexualities and identities are involved in the creation of patriarchal relations, ethnic hierarchies and colonial power in the context of "Comfort Women". The women were considered sexual slaves for Japanese soldiers during World War II. I attempt to show the It) ways in which masculinity, femininity, and national identity were re/constructed through the enforcement of the subject-positionings of gender, colonialism and nationalism. The questions I raise and attempt to answer are: What kinds of masculinity and femininity of the Japanese soldiers and Korean "Comfort Women" respectively, and the national identities of both, were re/constructed through the comfort station system? How were the positionings of the "Comfort Women" enacted through daily practices and ideology, and what were the consequences of the re/construction of their identity? Finally, how did the "Comfort Women" position themselves in the face of the imposition of gender and national identities, by Japanese colonial and Korean nationalist power? I use personal narratives, including testimonies and life histories of the former Korean "Comfort Women" and Japanese veterans obtained from my interviews with them as well as from testimonies already released. I interviewed thirteen former Korean "Comfort Women" and seventeen Japanese veterans. Thirteen out of the veterans were 'rehabilitated' in China after World War El, the remaining four were not. I also occasionally use official documents on the comfort station system, which were issued by the Japanese military and the Western Allies. I argue that the development of gender and national identities contributed to the construction of Japanese colonialism, and that the "Comfort Women" system helped to produce and reproduce Japan as an imperial state with power over the lives and human resources of the colonies. In particular, the maintenance of the military system depended on the circulation of these concepts of masculinity and femininity. The regulation of masculine and feminine sexuality and national identities through the military comfort station system was a crucial means through which Japan expanded its colonies by military means.
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50

Liebling, Helen Jane. "A gendered analysis of the experiences of Ugandan women war survivors." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409957.

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