Academic literature on the topic 'Women and religion – Germany'

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Journal articles on the topic "Women and religion – Germany"

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Steer, Martina. "Nation, Religion, Gender: The Triple Challenge of Middle-Class German-Jewish Women in World War I." Central European History 48, no. 2 (June 2015): 176–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938915000333.

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AbstractGerman-Jewish women are elusive figures in the current literature on World War I. Looking at the complexity of their wartime experience and its consequences for the Weimar years, this article deals with Jewish middle-class women's tripartite motivation as Germans, Jews, and females to make sacrifices for the war. To that end, it traces their efforts to help Germany to victory, to gain suffrage, and to become integrated into German society. At the same time, the article shows how these women not only transformed the war into an opportunity for greater female self-determination but also responded to wartime and postwar antisemitism. The experience of the war and the need for reorientation after 1918 motivated them to become more involved in the affairs of the German-Jewish community itself and to contribute significantly to shaping public Jewish life in Weimar Germany—but without giving up their German identity.
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Sinnewe, Elisabeth, Michael Kortt, and Todd Steen. "Religion and earnings: evidence from Germany." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 8 (August 8, 2016): 841–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-08-2014-0172.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to estimate the association between religious affiliation and the rate of return to human capital for German men and women. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs data from the 1997, 2003, 2007 and 2011 waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel for German men and women in full-time employment between the age of 25 and 54. The association between religious affiliation and wages was estimated using a conventional human capital model. Findings – This paper finds that Catholic men (women) received a wage premium of 4 per cent (3 per cent) relative to their Protestant counterparts, even after controlling for an extensive range of demographic, economic and social characteristics. Originality/value – The study contributes to the literature by providing – to the best of the authors’ knowledge – the first results on the wage premium received by Catholic men and women in the German labour market.
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Hüwelmeier, Gertrud. "Bazaar Pagodas – Transnational Religion, Postsocialist Marketplaces and Vietnamese Migrant Women in Berlin." Religion and Gender 3, no. 1 (February 19, 2013): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18785417-00301006.

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After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the breakdown of the East German Socialist government, thousands of former contract workers from Vietnam stayed in the then reunified Germany. Due to their resulting precarious economic situation, a large number of these migrants became engaged in small business and petty trade. Some of them, women in particular, have become successful entrepreneurs and wholesalers in recently built bazaars in the eastern parts of Berlin. Most interestingly, parts of these urban spaces, former industrial areas on the periphery of Germany’s capital, have been transformed into religious places. This article explores the formation of female Vietnamese Buddhist networks on the grounds of Asian wholesale markets. It argues that transnational mobilities in a post-socialist setting encourage border-crossing religious activities, linking people and places to various former socialist countries as well as to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Further, by considering political tensions between Vietnamese in the eastern and western part of Berlin, this contribution illustrates the negotiation of political sensitivities among diasporic Vietnamese in reunited Germany. Based on ethnographic fieldwork among female lay Buddhists, it focuses on entrepreneurship and investigates the relationship between business, migration and religious practices.
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Saidi, Saideh. "Migration and Redefining Self." Anthropology of the Middle East 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ame.2019.140206.

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This article explores how Afghan (Hazara) women negotiate and sift their religious understandings and identities over time after migrating to Germany. Migration experiences and exposure to German society has impacted their self-narration and conceptualisation of cultural change in their own identity. This ethnographic research illustrates the notion of acceptance or rejection to change among Hazara immigrant women in their lived religion in diaspora. Based on my fieldwork, three different trajectories along religious lines occur in the Afghan diaspora: a group of immigrants, enhancing Islamic values, whose relationship to and involvement in religion intensified and increased; the second group largely consider themselves secular Muslims trying to fully indulge into the new society; the third group has an elastic religious identity, blending Islamic values with Western-inspired lifestyles.
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Heineck, Guido. "Does religion influence the labor supply of married women in Germany?" Journal of Socio-Economics 33, no. 3 (July 2004): 307–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2003.12.024.

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Sirri, Lana. "Identification and Belonging: A Case Study of White German Women Converts to Islam." Feminist Theology 30, no. 1 (September 2021): 104–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09667350211031153.

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This study explores the possibilities of identification and belonging in a socio-religious space that contains multiple communal boundaries. It is based on narrated accounts of White Christian German women living in Berlin, Germany, who have converted to Islam. Their shared cultural background with other White German women, their new Islamic religion, and, for some, their intermarriage affiliation with Muslims, position these women in a complex relation to the multiple communities within this space. This intersectional positioning opens up possibilities for constructing, negotiating and articulating religious, cultural, and gender identification and belonging. This study aims to investigate how these women construct notions of gender, Islam and Muslimness, and how they position themselves in relation to communal boundaries of identification and belonging. It also explores the sense they make of their positionings, and how these are expressed in their daily lives. To this end, the research describes their encounters in the spheres of the community and the family. The research aims to contribute to an enhanced understanding of gutes Leben, the human flourishing, of White German women who have converted to Islam.
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Roos, Julia. "An Afro-German Microhistory: Gender, Religion, and the Challenges of Diasporic Dwelling." Central European History 49, no. 2 (June 2016): 240–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938916000340.

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AbstractThis article traces the biography of an Afro-German woman born during the 1920s Rhineland occupation to examine the peculiarities of the black German diaspora, as well as potential connections between these peculiarities and larger trends in the history of German colonialism and racism. “Erika Diekmann” was born in Worms in 1920. Her mother was a German citizen, her father a Senegalese French soldier. Separated from her birth mother at a young age, Erika spent her youth and early adulthood in a school for Christian Arab girls in Jerusalem run by the Protestant order of the Kaiserswerth Deaconesses (KaiserswertherDiakonissen). After World War II, Erika returned to West Germany, but in 1957, she emigrated to the United States, along with her (white) German husband and four children. Erika's story offers unique opportunities for studying Afro-German women's active strategies of making Germany their “home.” It underlines the complicated role of conventional female gender prescriptions in processes of interracial family-building. The centrality of religion to Erika's social relationships significantly enhances our understanding of the complexity of German attitudes toward national belonging and race during the first half of the twentieth century.
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Jenichen, Anne. "Muslimische Politikerinnen in Deutschland: Erfolgsmuster und Hindernisse politischer Repräsentation." 100 Jahre Frauenwahlrecht – Und wo bleibt die Gleichheit? 27, no. 2-2018 (November 20, 2018): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/feminapolitica.v27i2.06.

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Muslimische Frauen sind in der deutschen Politik unterrepräsentiert. Aus einer intersektionalen Perspektive und auf Grundlage qualitativer Interviews mit muslimischen Politikerinnen identifiziert der Artikel Hindernisse und förderliche Faktoren für die politische Repräsentation muslimischer Frauen in Deutschland. Die Analyse macht deutlich, dass für die Unterrepräsentation eine Kombination aus eingeschränktem Kandidatinnenpool und noch unzureichenden Bemühungen der Parteien verantwortlich ist. Insgesamt ähneln die Hindernisse und Erfolgsfaktoren denen, die bereits für Politikerinnen mit Migrationshintergrund herausgearbeitet wurden. Gleichzeitig wird jedoch deutlich, dass Religion als Differenzkategorie quer zu Migrationshintergrund liegt. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass Religion gesondert von Migrationshintergrund zu betrachten ist, wenn Hindernisse, insbesondere für sichtbare Minderheiten, in der Politik genauer erfasst werden sollen.
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Sali, Meirison Alizar, Desmadi Saharuddin, Rosdialena Rosdialena, and Muhammad Ridho. "MODERASI ISLAM DALAM KESETARAAN GENDER (KOMPARASI TERHADAP AGAMA YAHUDI DAN NASRANI)." Jurnal AL-IJTIMAIYYAH: Media Kajian Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/al-ijtimaiyyah.v6i1.5510.

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Islam is a moderate religion that is very close to the dignity of women which is very different from the two religions of its predecessors. In both religions women are considered as a burden in life and very detrimental, women's rights are morally and materially ignored. Like ownership of property, the right to issue testimony, identity is assigned to the husband not to his father. Even as far back as 1956 and perhaps up to now in France and Germany full of women's freedom must obtain the husband's permission to conduct transactions, such as buying and selling, grants from his own property. With library studies and comparative approaches and qualitative methods the author reveals whether Jews and Christians have similarities in their treatment of women in theory and is there a difference between the two religions? Do Islam, Judaism and Christianity in theory give equal treatment to women? Let a Muslim know that there is a gap between the teachings of Islam and the behavior of some Muslims today that are no longer in accordance with Islamic norms. Such behavior does not originate from Islam as a moderate religion.Keywords: Islamic Moderation, In Gender, Comparison, Judaism and Christian.
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Weichselbaumer, Doris. "Multiple Discrimination against Female Immigrants Wearing Headscarves." ILR Review 73, no. 3 (September 17, 2019): 600–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019793919875707.

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Western countries have experienced a large influx of Muslim immigrants, and concomitantly the Muslim headscarf has become the subject of major controversy. Drawing on theories of stigma, social identity, and multiple discrimination/intersectionality, this study examines the effect of wearing this headscarf in the German labor market. The author applies the method of correspondence testing that allows measuring discrimination in a controlled field setting. Findings show that when applying for a job in Germany, women with a Turkish migration background are less likely to be invited for an interview, and the level of discrimination increases substantially if the applicant wears a headscarf. The results suggest that immigrant women who wear a headscarf suffer discrimination based on multiple stigmas related to ethnicity and religion.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Women and religion – Germany"

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Powers, Miriam Ute. "Powerful Women Writers in Eighteenth Century Germany: A Comparison of the Two German Women Writers Sophie Von La Roche (Gutermann) and Dorothea Schlegel (Mendelssohn), Exploring their Upbringing, Marriages, Love, Literary Works, And Social Atmospheres." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1556377494317911.

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Hassell, Barbara Okker. "Martyrs At the Hearth.The Social-Religious Roles of Resistance Women During Nazi Germany." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64315.

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German resistance to Nazi oppression existed within the ranks of academe, the military, the working classes, and the established churches. The Catholic Church, under the leadership of Pope Pius XI, entered into a non-interference agreement with Hitler, but the Evangelical Church experienced a severe split. From this division grew the Confessing Church. A number of leaders within the Confessing Church were arrested or killed during Nazi Germany, and it was the women of the church who continued the work overtly and covertly. The work of these women has mostly been marginalized by history, in part because historic writings belonged to the male hegemony, and in part because the women did not seek recognition. As most of the women about whom I am writing came of age during Weimar Republic (1919-1933), I argue that the women of the resistance received their empowerment to rise up against Nazi oppression from the women's movement of the interwar years. To understand the normative influences, one must consider the societal and political forces that helped shape that time. What led Germany on this path of destruction and caused it to vote for a leviathan in 1933? How did the work of the resistance women serve to fight against the forces of evil that threatened to drown out all reason? What motivated these women to disregard their own safety in their struggle against evil?
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Böttcher, Judith Lena. "Vowed to community or ordained to mission? : aspects of separation and integration in the Lutheran Deaconess Institute, Neuendettelsau, Bavaria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75ce64eb-5a38-4d36-84d7-c48071df089c.

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This study offers an overdue exploration of the early years of the deaconess community in Neuendettelsau from a gender perspective. Drawing on rich archival material, it focuses on the process of the formation of a distinctive collective identity. Central to this study is the assumption, drawn from the social sciences, that collective identity is a social construction which requires the participation of the whole group through identification and which is consolidated by developing specific rituals, symbols, codes and normative texts, which facilitate integration, and by constructing external boundaries, which separate from the world and wider church. The centrifugal forces which came into play when deaconesses were sent out in isolation were counterbalanced by a communal life which offered forms of participation and identification for the individual members and which consolidated their sense of belonging. The first chapter introduces the methodology. Chapter Two explores the social, cultural and theological context of the foundation of the Deaconess Institute, and offers a brief outline of the institution's historical development. The third chapter offers an in-depth analysis of the initiation ceremony as a rite which both admitted into the community and conferred an ecclesiastical office. Chapter Four analyses formative and normative texts that shed light on the community's norms, values, and expectations. In the fifth chapter, non-literary means of consolidating and affirming the deaconesses' collective identity are explored. This study concludes that the process of the emergence of a specific deaconess culture was pervaded by bourgeois norms, values, patterns of behaviour and notions about gender roles which measured out the women's radius of action and were at times difficult to reconcile with the deaconess profession.
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Cholee, Jin Sung. "Gender Analysis of Politics, Economics and Culture of Korean Reunification: Toward a Feminist Theological Foundation for Reunified Society." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cgu_etd/64.

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In this study, I have focused on the process for an eventual reunification of North and South Korea. In this process, Korean political, economic, cultural and religious issues are necessarily present. My study focuses on cultural and religious factors. I adopt the German reunification as a case study. The German reunification process provides Koreans with lessons about the negative changes in the status of German women since the German reunification caused extreme instances of the loss of status and economic opportunity for women. German reunification shows that the unequal situation and systems in society were not only due to political positions. Strong religious factors deeply influenced the German mentality. A similar religion-factor is at work in North Korean society which is influenced by Confucianism and in South Korean society which is influenced by Confucianism and conservative Christianity. I argue that religion is one of the major factors in the political culture of Korea, and religion can either assist a fair and equal process for both women and men or it can in a biased way maintain a male-oriented form of reunification. Consequently, the cultural and religious factors in this process of reunification must include an equalization of women and men. This can only take place if Korean women are major participants in the entire reunification process. There is a serious need for a reunification theology which incorporate gender into Korean theology, thus providing a 'feminist reunification theology.' A 'feminist reunification theology' presents basic theological principles that will help build an egalitarian community. There are three important ways to include women's concern for true reunification: 1) The creation of an egalitarian community in work, family and society; 2) The restoration of humanity by healing love and forgiveness through the power of Cross; and 3) The need for religion to be reformed in which a women can be a co-leader in family, church and nation.
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Levenson, Alan T. "Jewish reactions to intermarriage in nineteenth century Germany /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487683049377407.

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Wolfart, J. C. "Political culture and religion in Lindau, 1520-1628." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272382.

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Rublack, Ulinka. "The crimes of women in early modern Germany /." Oxford : Clarendon press, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37120976n.

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Pickel, Gert, and Alexander Yendell. "Religious plurality in Germany." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-223537.

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Germany is presently transforming into a modern immigration state, leaving behind its image of a “guest worker” country. Parallely, it is confronted with growing religious plurality and rising religious conflicts. Moreover, religious labeling of groups other than the Christian or undenominational majority population becomes more significant. Against this background, the paper discusses the views of the population in Germany towards religious plurality, practices of religious minorities as well as attitudes towards members of different religious groups. The results reveal a considerable amount of negative attitudes towards foreign religious groups in Germany. More specifically, Islam and Muslims are mostly viewed as negative by the German population. Structural equation models with manifest variables show that, in particular, the frequency of contacts have positive impacts on attitudes towards people of different religious affiliations.
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Tsang, Po-ling Flora. "Religion and coping: single women inchurch." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29688838.

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McIntyre, Lavonia Elizabeth Kess. "Scratching the stained glass ceiling: inspiring women through the voices of other women." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2013. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2619.

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Women in leadership have had a difficult time rising into positions of leadership in the church. Qualified women in the local church are not realizing their dreams and or achieving their goals because of barriers which include sexism in the church and society, cultural differences and the inner struggles through various expected roles within their family structure. Women in the local church need proper nurturing, guidance and or support in the articulation or the manifestation of their ministerial visions and goals. There is very little data available regarding women in leadership. Research suggests that even though women make up the majority of membership in the church, women are disproportionately represented in the leadership of the church. Research further suggests that even though Americans are comfortable with women as leaders, relatively small numbers of women make it to top leadership positions relative to their male counterparts. The conceptual framework integrated ideas from theological, biblical and theoretical perspectives. The theological perspective focused on several theologians within the categories of the theology of liberation, feminist theology, Black feminist theology and womanist theology. The biblical perspective was explored through the arguments about women in leadership from the egalitarian and complementarian viewpoints. The biblical perspective further discussed women in leadership within the arguments about women in leadership from the egalitarian and complementarian viewpoints. The biblical perspective further discussed women in leadership within the biblical context. Finally, the theoretical perspective investigated the theory of subordination as it relates to women in leadership. The theory of subordination was explored in three sections: (a) the biblical theory of subordination, (b) the cultural theory of subordination and (c) the pastoral domination theory of subordination. The purpose of this project is to encourage and inspire women who have the potential to be leaders by assisting them to develop leadership skills, enabling them to step forward as true leaders in the church using a "Wo-Mentoring" approach. The research project was conducted at Saint John C.M.E. Church in Monticello, Georgia. Women in this congregation were involved in a program that will help them envision their goals, identify the barriers that preclude them from reaching their goals, and help them utilize the voices of other women to give encouragement as future leaders. This program enabled these women to develop skills to process their issues, understand themselves, and visualize goals assisting them in creating a workable road map toward these goals. The intended results are changes from within - transformation. The women should be different in their approach to leadership in various ministries. In the project, the women participated in leadership sessions including bible study, developing vision, mission and goal statements, and communication skills. As a result, the women who participated in the sessions were inspired to equip themselves using the resources provided. The researcher evaluated the effectiveness of the project by utilizing a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. This project utilized Stacy Floyd-Thomas' qualitative method of 'historiography' to understand the other women's voices used to undergird the project. The quantitative method explored statistical data conducted in pre/post surveys as it relates to the program participants. Additionally, the researcher used qualitative methods to dialogue with the women participants. The results of the project suggest that the women who participated in the project had a better understanding of leadership; and felt that they would use their skills in the near future. It was concluded that many of the participants experienced transformation. We will be better equipped for future leadership opportunities when we understand the many obstacles women face such as sexism in the church, cultural differences and inner struggles through various expected roles.
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Books on the topic "Women and religion – Germany"

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Protestant and Catholic women in Nazi Germany. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1990.

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Gender, church, and state in early modern Germany: Essays. London: Longman, 1997.

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Religion, government and political culture in early modern Germany: Lindau, 1520-1628. New York: Palgrave, 2002.

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Sensual encounters: Monastic women and spirituality in medieval Germany. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009.

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Charity, challenge, and change: Religious dimensions of the mid-nineteenth-century women's movement in Germany. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987.

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State of virginity: Gender, religion, and politics in an early modern Catholic state. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2004.

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1953-, Grandner Margarete, and Saurer Edith, eds. Geschlecht, Religion und Engagement: Die jüdischen Frauenbewegungen im deutschsprachigen Raum 19. und frühes 20. Jahrhundert. Wien: Böhlau, 2005.

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Babuschkas Enkelinnen brechen auf: Glaubenswege von Frauen in der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Russland und anderen Staaten ; Porträts und Berichte. 2nd ed. Leipzig: GAW, Verlag des Gustav-Adolf-Werks, 2000.

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Conflicting femininities in medieval German literature. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2012.

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Ladies, whores, and holy women: A sourcebook in courtly, religious, and urban cultures of late medieval Germany. Kalamazoo, Mich: Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Women and religion – Germany"

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Ziebertz, Hans-Georg. "Support for Women Rights? An Empirical Study Among German Youth." In Religion and Human Rights, 235–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30934-3_9.

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Hotchin, Julie. "Reformatrices and Their Books: Religious Women and Reading Networks in Fifteenth-Century Germany." In Communities of Learning, 251–91. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.es-eb.3.5055.

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Schröer, Jussra, and Birsen Ürek. "Social Work and Muslim Welfare: A Women’s Grassroots Association." In Exploring Islamic Social Work, 219–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95880-0_13.

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AbstractReligion, religiosity and spirituality are gaining importance for social work in Germany as a discipline and as a profession, especially in the context of Muslim people seeking advice. Most Muslims regard Islam as a social religion which helps in different life situations. For them, the central elements of their belief, such as mercy, charity, solidarity and assisting each other, are core elements of help in society. The purpose of this chapter is to show the importance of the real life experiences of people who seek advice in social work. In this context, the chapter shows that counselling is subject-, task- and context-related. Counselling deals with life realities and can address and solve specific problems, support individuals in making decisions and coping effectively with crises. At the least, a sensitive attitude towards religious questions provides an ability to deal constructively with the reality of life. Within this perspective, the practice model, the Meeting and Further Training Centre for Muslim Women, shows how it is possible to gain access to welfare issues in the context of religion and social work.
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Raday, Frances. "Claiming Equal Religious Personhood: Women of the Wall’s Constitutional Saga." In Religion in the Public Sphere: A Comparative Analysis of German, Israeli, American and International Law, 255–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73357-7_8.

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Gay, Andrew Kenneth, Alexis Krasilovsky, Ervin Malakaj, Juliane Scholz, and Carl Wilson. "Germany." In Women Screenwriters, 363–97. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137312372_29.

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Gailus, Manfred. "Religion." In A Companion to Nazi Germany, 333–50. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118936894.ch20.

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Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin. "Women and Religion." In Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, 2503–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_748.

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Glassman, Ronald M. "Women and Religion." In The Origins of Democracy in Tribes, City-States and Nation-States, 1217–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51695-0_96.

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Jewell, Helen M. "Women and Religion." In Women in Dark Age and Early Medieval Europe c.500–1200, 108–36. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-21379-1_6.

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Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin. "Women and Religion." In Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, 1911–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6086-2_748.

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Conference papers on the topic "Women and religion – Germany"

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Rafiq, Aayesha. "Religion, Women & Hermeneutical Shifts." In International Conference on Social science, Humanities and Education. Acavent, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icshe.2018.12.83.

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Petersen, Emily January. "Women, Religion, and Professional Communication." In SIGDOC '14: The 32nd ACM International Conference on the Design of Communication. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2666216.2666224.

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Sandow, Barbara. "Women in Physics in Germany." In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: 2nd IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2128294.

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Kluge, Hanna, Beverly Karplus Hartline, Renee K. Horton, and Catherine M. Kaicher. "Women in Physics in Germany, 2008." In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: Third IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3137730.

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Kausch, Corinna, Barbara Sandow, Monika Bessenrodt-Weberpals, and Silke Bargstaedt-Franke. "The Status of Women in Physics in Germany." In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: The IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1505313.

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Pfitzner, René, Beverly Karplus Hartline, Renee K. Horton, and Catherine M. Kaicher. "The Young Society of Physicists in Germany (abstract)." In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: Third IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3137866.

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Ahmad Khan, Kamal. "THE PROTECTION OF WOMEN UNDER LAW AND RELIGION: AN ANALYSIS." In World Conference on Women’s Studies. TIIKM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/wcws.2016.1104.

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Ağanoğlu, R., and A. B. Bossmann. "Areas of action: Equal opportunities for women and men in physics in Germany." In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: 6th IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5110091.

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Epafras, Leonard, and Ida Astuti. "Women, Religion and COVID-19: Cohesive Agency, Resilience-Building and Inter-spatial Performance." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Religious Life, ISRL 2020, 2-5 November 2020, Bogor, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.2-11-2020.2305062.

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Sommerfeld, Anja, Susanne Kränkl, and Barbara Sandow. "Area of actions: Equal opportunities for women in physics in Germany." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2015 (ICCMSE 2015). AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4937667.

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Reports on the topic "Women and religion – Germany"

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Shammo, Turkiya, Diana Amin Saleh, and Nassima Khalaf. Displaced Yazidi Women in Iraq: Persecution and Discrimination Based on Gender, Religion, Ethnic Identity and Displacement. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.010.

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This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation, discrimination and exclusion faced by displaced Yazidi women in Iraq. Throughout the history of their presence in Iraq, the Yazidis have experienced harassment, persecution, killing and displacement. Most recently, they have been exposed to genocide from the Islamic State (ISIS) group after they took control of Sinjar district and the cities of Bahzani and Bashiqa in the Nineveh Plain in 2014, destroying Yazidi homes, schools, businesses and places of worship. Yazidi people were killed or forced to convert to Islam. Over 6,000 were kidnapped, including over 3,500 women and girls, many of whom were forced into sexual slavery. Men and boys were murdered or forced to become soldiers. Any remaining citizens were displaced. Seven years later, more than 2,000 Yazidi women and children were still missing or in captivity, more than 100,000 Yazidis had migrated abroad, and over 200,000 Yazidi people were still displaced, living in camps.
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Toma, Shivan Shlaymoon. Identity, Nationality, Religion and Gender: The Different Experiences of Assyrian Women and Men in Duhok, Iraq. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.013.

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This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation and discrimination experienced by Assyrians in Iraq. Assyrian women and men face different challenges and barriers due to the gender roles and norms within their own community and in wider Iraqi society. Assyrian women’s daily lives are shaped by intersectional discrimination on the grounds of their gender, religion, language and national identity. Targeted action is needed to address the specific inequalities they face.
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Idris, Iffat. Promotion of Freedom of Religion or Belief. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.036.

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Freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) is a fundamental human right. However, the general global trend in recent years is towards increased FoRB violations by both government and non-government actors. Notable exceptions are Sudan and Uzbekistan, which have shown significant improvement in promoting FoRB, while smaller-scale positive developments have been seen in a number of other countries. The international community is increasingly focusing on FoRB. External actors can help promote FoRB through monitoring and reporting, applying external pressure on governments (and to a lesser extent non-government entities), and through constructive engagement with both government and non-government actors. The literature gives recommendations for how each of these approaches can be effectively applied. This review is largely based on grey (and some academic) literature as well as recent media reports. The evidence base was limited by the fact that so few countries have shown FoRB improvements, but there was wider literature on the role that external actors can play. The available literature was often gender blind (typically only referring to women and girls in relation to FoRB violations) and made negligible reference to persons with disabilities.
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Gedi,, Zeri Khairy. “Freedom Belongs to Everyone”: The Experiences of Yazidi Women in Bashiqa and Bahzani. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.009.

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This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation, discrimination and exclusion faced by Yazidi women in Bashiqa and Bahzani. Yazidi women in Bashiqa and Bahzani today are still living through the trauma and consequences of the genocide committed by the Islamic State (ISIS). In addition, they face a range of further challenges as marginalised women from a minority religion. While more Yazidi girls and young women are progressing in education, harmful social norms, customs and practices – originating from both wider Iraqi society and the Yazidi community itself – create barriers for Yazidi women who want or need to work outside of the home, access healthcare or engage in public life. Widows and divorced women face specific challenges as they are seen as without male protection. Yazidi women also face the stigma that comes from being a former captive of ISIS, and the discrimination that comes from being judged an “infidel” due to their religion.
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de Leede, Seran. Tackling Women’s Support of Far-Right Extremism: Experiences from Germany. RESOLVE Network, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/pn2021.13.remve.

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Persistent gendered assumptions about women and violence predominately depict women as non-violent and peaceful. Due to this gender blindness and simplistic frames used to understand the attraction of women toward far-right extremist groups, women tend to get overlooked as active participants, and their roles ignored or downplayed. This not only hinders the overall understanding of far-right extremist groups but also impedes the development of effective counterprograms that specifically address the experiences and paths of these women. Drawing from the experiences and insights of German initiatives and from additional literature on the topic, this policy note explores the wide-ranging motivations of women joining far-right extremist groups and the different roles they can play in them. By including wider research to why women leave far-right extremist groups, the policy note offers lessons learned and recommendations that may be helpful in optimizing prevention and exit programs aimed at women in far-right extremist groups beyond the German context.
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Tadros, Mariz, Sofya Shabab, and Amy Quinn-Graham. Violence and Discrimination Against Women of Religious Minority Backgrounds in Iraq. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.025.

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This volume is part of the Intersections series which explores how the intertwining of gender, religious marginality, socioeconomic exclusion and other factors shape the realities of women and men in contexts where religious inequalities are acute, and freedom of religion or belief is compromised. This volume looks at these intersections in the context of Iraq. Its aim is to amplify the voices of women (and men) whose experiences of religious otherisation have accentuated the impact of the intersections of gender, class, geography and ethnicity. At time of publication, in December 2022, the country is going through a particularly turbulent phase, prompting some to wonder why now? Isn’t it bad timing to focus on the experiences of minorities, let alone inter- and intra-gender dynamics? Iraq is caught in the middle of geo-strategic struggles of tectonic proportions but this is all the more reason to understand the dynamics of micro-politics through a gender-sensitive lens. Doing so sheds light on the interface between global, regional and local power struggles in tangible and concrete ways.
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Hank, Karsten. The differential influence of women´s residential district on the risk of entering first marriage and motherhood in Western Germany. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2002-027.

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Haider, Huma. Political Empowerment of Women, Girls and LGBTQ+ People: Post-conflict Opportunities. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.108.

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The instability and upheaval of violent conflict can break down patriarchal structures, challenge traditional gender norms and open up new roles and spaces for collective agency of women, sexual and gender minorities (SGM), and other marginalised groups (Yadav, 2021; Myrittinen & Daigle, 2017). A recent study on the gendered implications of civil war finds that countries recovering from ‘major civil war’ experience substantial improvements in women’s civil liberties and political participation—complementary aspects of political empowerment (Bakken & Bahaug, 2020). This rapid literature review explores the openings that conflict and post-conflict settings can create for the development of political empowerment of women and LGBTQ+ communities—as well as challenges. Drawing primarily on a range of academic, non-governmental organisation (NGO), and practitioner literature, it explores conflict-affected settings from around the world. There was limited literature available on experience from Ukraine (which was of interest for this report); and on specific opportunities at the level of local administrations. In addition, the available literature on empowerment of LGBTQ+ communities was much less than that available for women’s empowerment. The literature also focused on women, with an absence of information on girls. It is important to note that while much of the literature speaks to women in society as a whole, there are various intersectionalities (e.g. class, race, ethnicity, religion, age, disability, rural/urban etc.) that can produce varying treatment and degrees of empowerment of women. Several examples are noted within the report.
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Börsch-Supan, Axel, and Irene Ferrari. Old-age Labor Force Participation in Germany: What Explains the Trend Reversal among Older Men? And What the Steady Increase among Women? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24044.

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Bender, Stefan, Annette Kohlmann, and Stefan Lang. Women, work, and motherhood: changing employment penalties for motherhood in West Germany after 1945 - a comparative analysis of cohorts born in 1934-1971. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2003-006.

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