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1
Hahn, Judith. "Sex Offenses—Offensive Sex: Some Observations on the Recent Reform of Ecclesiastical Penal Law." Religions 13, no. 4 (April 7, 2022): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13040332.
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In recent years, the sexual abuse of minors and vulnerable adults in the Catholic Church has received much attention. This is also true of the related changes to ecclesiastical legislation. Less attention, however, has been paid to other aspects of the reform. The revised penal law of the Code of Canon Law, in any case, demands closer study from the point of critical legal studies. It is striking that while the reform focused on improving the legal protection of minors, it also had rather detrimental effects on the legal standing of women in the church. Reading the revised law, it appears that the reform missed the chance to improve the legal situation of the mostly female adult victims of clerical sex offenses and abuses of power. It rather spotlighted “female” offenses such as abortion in contrast to typical “male” offenses such as homicide, and it moreover criminalized women who attempt ordination. Thus, the regulations of the reformed penal law not only generally leave the systemic causes of abuse untouched, but also establish norms which reinvent or even exacerbate abusive structures. The latter finally sustain clericalism and reinstitutionalize gender inequality, commonly identified as factors fostering abuse.
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Manurung, Weldon, and Junifer Dame Panjaitan. "Implementation Of Legal Protection Of Children And Women As Victims Of Sexual Crimes." International Journal of Social Research 1, no. 2 (December 25, 2023): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.59888/insight.v1i2.10.
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This research explores the multifaceted nature of sexuality, emphasizing its significance in human survival and development within the context of Indonesian society. The study delves into the negative aspects associated with sexuality, particularly sexual abuse, which manifests in various forms such as harassment, exploitation, and violence. Alarming levels of sexual abuse among adolescents are highlighted, with contributing factors ranging from the circulation of pornographic content to a lack of understanding of religious values and inadequate sex education. The patriarchal domination theory is introduced to underscore the unequal power dynamics that contribute to crimes against women and children. The empirical juridical method is employed to examine the legal protection afforded to children and women in the face of sexual crimes, encompassing both preventive and repressive measures. The Child Protection Law and related regulations serve as the legal framework for this protection. The research identifies factors influencing sexual crimes, including internal factors such as psychological and mental states, external factors like economic conditions and societal influences, and the role of victims. The study concludes by emphasizing the importance of legal education and appropriate sanctions to address and prevent sexual crimes in the future.
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ALHUDEEB, Faeza Abdulameer Nayyef. "WOMEN IN MESOPOTAMIAN CIVILIZATION." International Journal of Education and Language Studies 2, no. 04 (December 1, 2021): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.4-2.2.
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The ancient Mesopotamia had ancient civilizations such as Babylonian and Sumerian, which provided many civilizational achievements, such as laws and legislation, which urged respect for women's rights and other legislations to protect such laws, such as the reforms of Prince Urkagina and the law of Hammurabi, which emphasis on some women's rights and dignity and curb violations of men's abuse. However, in most agricultural civilizations, especially the Mesopotamian, the status of women has declined in a patriarchal society. Men direct all aspects of life with their different diversities, make major decisions, and women have to obey this masculine authority. Father, or husband after marriage and family formation. Despite this, the status of women in Mesopotamia was much better than that of other ancient civilizations such as Greek and the Roman. Sumerian women had more rights than women had in the Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian cultures. A Sumerian woman can own real estate, run a business alongside her husband, and can be a priest, a writer, a doctor,or act as a judge. It is a tribute to the representatives of the earthly Gods, and it is a source of pride for them. Service of the girls in the temples is also a pride for their fathers. Babel was unique in the way she treated women's rights and status. Babylonian society retained the traditions of the motherly era, and women often took precedence over men. Women were also allowed to enjoy different levels of independense, but they were always subject to men. The laws of Hammurabi presented first model of the laws in the entire ancient world. The status of women in the old Babylonian law has reached an important amount of social, human and legislative progress. Legislation on marriage, its forms, divorce, cases, abuse and marital irregularities, incest and adultery. As for the status of women in the Assyrians, their social status has declined compared to their status in the Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations. They were considered to be the property of men, and they have the right to deprive them of everything they own. Assyrians were also among the oldest religious peoples who subjected women to hijab and included head and face jackets. Only free women were permitted to wear headscarves, while odalisque wore hijab when they went out with their master.
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Siddique, Marriyam, and Syed Sibtain Hussain Shah. "Violence against Women: An Analysis of the Infirmed Legal System of Pakistan." Journal of Public Policy Practitioners 2, no. 2 (December 29, 2023): 116–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jppp.22.06.
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In Pakistan, a woman's life is governed by the rigid norms of her extended family, faith, and tribal community. This paper aims to investigate the philosophy behind gender-based violence, particularly the violence against women and its related customary practices in different areas in Pakistan, in the backdrop of the infirmed legal system of the country. The authors employ descriptive method to scientifically address the concerned issue. The theory of social change, which broadly focuses on the problem, is additionally significant to probe the violence against women in Pakistan. Throughout the country, women are subjected to a wide range of detrimental customs, including forced marriages, religious conversions, and the exchange of women in marriage without their consent. This study looks into why gender-based violence persists in Pakistan, despite the establishment of the state in the name of Islam, a religion that emphasizes women’s equality and respect in the society. By examining all relevant aspects, the study concludes that customary laws are dominant over state legislation in protecting women from violence. The study determines that Pakistan's legal system is flawed, with significant gaps that must be filled by well-structured legislation to ensure women's safety from abuse.
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Sene, Moustapha Dome. "The Female Subject: From Objectification to Self-Essence in Nawal El Saadawi’s Woman at Point Zero (2008) and The Hidden Face of Eve (2016)." RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND CULTURAL STUDIES 9, no. 1 (October 16, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/rjhcs.v9.no1.2023.pg1.7.
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The gender issue has long been a matter of great interest when it comes to deal with African Literature, the question of sex is a topical issue in the African cultural mainstream, born out of Man’s crooked rib”, Women are generally portrayed as weak, sensitive and dependent beings. That worldwide depiction of women is based on manifold aspects deeply rooted on cultural, traditional, societal and religious conceptions and beliefs which aspire to weaken women’s status and promote men’s authoritarian position. As a result, the growth of Patriarchy which represents a last straw which breaks the camel’s, women suffered physically and psychologically at once in an environment where their being are still wretched due to cruel practices: rape, female genital mutilation, child abuse, forced marriage to name but a few which they were liable to undergo from childhood to adulthood. In The Hidden Face of Eve as well as in Woman at Point Zero El Saadawi comes to unveil women’s burden to the entire audience where she portrays the African Arab World and the patriarchal dynamic as the fence leading out of opulence and subjugation. In her capacity as a Psychiatrist, Nawal, in her works analyses and spotlights women’s lives. However, as a feminist, Nawal undertakes significant canvas, paving the way for the real essence of the African Arab woman through education, dislocation and prostitution which constitutes a double-edged sword. This paper aims at spotlighting the phallocentric blooming process with its norms and how the power of the female body can lead to empowerment in foiling men’s strategies. Through that aesthetic woman can move from dependency to independency from unconsciousness to consciousness, from no one to someone then production creativity and intellection gather around their real being in the one oriented society that impede their essence
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Rabbani, Sifat E. "The Divine Women in Women Talking: Restorative Imagination for a Divine Becoming." Literary Voice 1, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.59136/lv.2023.1.1.101.
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This paper will examine how Miriam Toews’ 2018 novel, Women Talking builds on its initial themes of women’s subjugation to men, their systematic oppression through religion, and their inability to reclaim their lives, to ultimately evolve into an account of women’s emancipation and divine becoming through the exercise of their restorative imagination. The novel spans two days during which eight women from the ultra-religious and patriarchal Mennonite community of Molotschna in Bolivia engage in several discussions pertaining to different aspects of their lives. These conversations very casually unfold the horror of unimaginable cruelty in the name of religion and unforgiving patriarchy as practiced within their closed community. Keeping this bleak setting in the background, Women Talking is also a tale of these women’s divine becoming, as propounded by Luce Irigaray in her essay, “Divine Women.” The resilience showed on part of these broken and abused women and the unprecedented bold decision to which they collectively arrive towards the end of the novel, is a demonstration of the courage and restorative imagination that they unknowingly harbored within themselves, the exercise of which results ultimately in their divine becoming
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Dhahir, Sanna. "What It Means to Be Black in Saudi Arabia: Slavery and Racial Discrimination in Saudi Women’s Fiction." Arabica 70, no. 1-2 (July 3, 2023): 113–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341655.
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Abstract Significant among the various taboos broken by contemporary Saudi women writers is the issue of slavery and its concomitant racial and colour prejudice. To explore the treatment of this subject, which remains strikingly understudied, this article focuses on three fictional works by two Saudi writers, Badriyya l-Bišr and Laylā l-Ǧuhanī, who have boldly faced a grave matter with complex psychological and socio-political aspects in order to expose and redress the oppression directed towards not only slaves but their descendants and other black-skinned individuals, male and female. My research argues that both writers, employing literature as a platform for reform, reveal that to a mainstream, tribe-conscious, colour-conscious Arabian culture, black skin can still signify and invite tacit and open forms of stigmatization, denigration, and abuse. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, coupled with textual analyses, this paper shows that the novels aim to restore legitimacy and dignity to a social segment long degraded and objectified due to their race and skin colour.
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Myers, Joanne E. "Enthusiastic Improvement: Mary Astell and Damaris Masham on Sociability." Hypatia 28, no. 3 (2013): 533–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2012.01294.x.
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Many commentators have contrasted the way that sociability is theorized in the writings of Mary Astell and Damaris Masham, emphasizing the extent to which Masham is more interested in embodied, worldly existence. I argue, by contrast, that Astell's own interest in imagining a constitutively relational individual emerges once we pay attention to her use of religious texts and tropes. To explore the relevance of Astell's Christianity, I emphasize both how Astell's Christianity shapes her view of the individual's relation to society and how Masham's contrasting views can be analyzed through the lens of her charge that Astell is an “enthusiast.” In late seventeenth‐century England, “enthusiasm” was a term of abuse that, commentators have recently argued, could function polemically to dismiss those deemed either excessively social or antisocial. By accusing Astell of enthusiasm, I claim, Masham seeks to marginalize the relational self that Astell imagines and to promote a more instrumental view of social ties. I suggest some aspects of Astell's thought that may have struck contemporaries as “enthusiastic” and contrast her vision of the self with Masham's more hedonistic subject. I conclude that, although each woman differently configures the relation between self and society, they share a desire to imagine autonomy within a relational framework.
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Baranova, Ts S. "Historical background to preventing and preventing domestic violence." Legal horizons, no. 19 (2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2019.i19.p7.
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The article is about exploring the historical background to countering and preventing domestic violence. It is established that the legal phenomenon under study has two components: an analysis of the causes of domestic violence and determining the location of each of the subjects covered by these relationships. It is concluded that, given the number of scientific works, the subject of which were separate elements of the mechanism of prevention and counteraction to domestic violence, it is more expedient to study this phenomenon through the prism of establishing the historical preconditions for its occurrence. Today, it is crucial to study the genesis of domestic violence by researching scientific, historical, and religious sources, legislation in contemporary Ukraine, analyzing current legislation, comparing the domestic and western history of the problem of domestic violence to further determine the factors and ways to overcome it. The purpose of the article is to investigate the historical aspects of domestic violence as a complex and historically stable phenomenon. The problem of domestic violence and prevention has been discussed for a long time, especially since the adoption of the Law of Ukraine «On Prevention of Domestic Violence» of November 15, 2001 No2789-III, however, scientists and practitioners have come to the conclusion that the existing legislative norms did not perform their functions properly , and in order to comply with international standards, today this topic is again actively discussed in society and for good reason because according to statistics released during the voting for the Law, over 3 million children in Ukraine annually observe acts of violence in the country. themselves or their forced participants, and nearly 70% of women are subjected to various forms of abuse and humiliation. And here it is important to understand that the legislator must not just implement international standards, and wait for change. The main task of the state - to realize each of their sections in reality, while achieving the goals of the law, namely: to create an effective system aimed at ensuring the prevention of criminal acts against violence, preventing them, stopping and punishing them for such actions, creating an effective system of crime investigation, ensuring the effectiveness of remedies for every domestic violence victim. Keywords: domestic violence, counteraction, prevention, fight against violence, causes.
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Gorsuch, Richard L. "Religious Aspects of Substance Abuse and Recovery." Journal of Social Issues 51, no. 2 (July 1995): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1995.tb01324.x.
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Smith, Caroline E., Duane F. Reinert, Maryanne Horne, Joanne M. Greer, and Robert Wicks. "Childhood abuse and spiritual development among women religious." Journal of Religion and Health 35, no. 4 (December 1996): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02354928.
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Smith, Caroline E., Duane F. Reinert, Maryanne Horne, Joanne M. Greer, and Robert Wicks. "Childhood abuse and spiritual development among women religious." Journal of Religion & Health 34, no. 2 (June 1995): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02248768.
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Pritt, Ann F. "Spiritual Correlates of Reported Sexual Abuse among Mormon Women." Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 37, no. 2 (June 1998): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1387527.
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Crouch, Julie L., Joel S. Milner, and John A. Caliso. "Childhood Physical Abuse, Perceived Social Support, and Socioemotional Status in Adult Women." Violence and Victims 10, no. 4 (January 1995): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.10.4.273.
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This study investigated the extent to which an interactional model, relative to a main effect model, predicts the relationship between childhood physical abuse, perceived social support, and various aspects of socioemotional functioning in adult women. The results indicated that perceived social support during childhood was significantly related to subsequent levels of adult depression, trait anxiety, and child abuse potential in a manner consistent with a main effect model. Childhood history of physical abuse was related only to adult child abuse potential. Implications and study limitations are discussed.
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Demasure, Karlijn. "The Loss of the Self—Spiritual Abuse of Adults in the Context of the Catholic Church." Religions 13, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13060509.
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Interest in spiritual abuse is a fairly recent phenomenon in research. Originally, it received attention only in the context of child sexual abuse perpetrated by the clergy in the Catholic Church before it was recognized as a specific form of abuse in its own right. In line with Paul Ricœur, I agree that a narrative best describes a person’s identity. I, therefore, give space to the voices of three women who were spiritually abused as adults in France in the context of new religious communities that originated after the Second Vatican Council: Sophie Ducrey, Anne Mardon and Marie-Laure Janssens. The social constructionist method allows the uniqueness of each of their narratives to be recognized, while also accounting for shared experiences such as the dynamics of control, desocialization and intrusion into the private spheres of life. Spiritual abuse, which is at the hinge point between the moral and spiritual and the psychological realms, is perpetrated by a spiritual leader who has power over women. The abuse serves to fulfill the psychological or sexual needs of the leader. Abuse of the conscience, theology and spirituality are the spiritual means used, alongside the psychological ones, to cause the women to become dependent. In the process, their desire for God and the affective needs that some may have are abused. The consequences are many, but the loss of self, of which faith is the core, summarizes it well.
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McPhillips, Kathleen, and Tracy McEwan. "The Sexual Economies of Clericalism: Women Religious and Gendered Violence in the Catholic Church." Religions 13, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13100916.
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As the sexual abuse crisis continues to plague the Catholic Church across the world, the focus on men as both perpetrators of sexual violence, and victims of child sexual abuse has been at the forefront of media and academic analysis. However, evidence from public inquiries, criminal investigations, academic research and survivor testaments identifies women religious as both perpetrators of sexual and physical violence against children and victims of clerical sexual violence. This indicates that women religious, colloquially known as nuns, belong to a very unsettled landscape in religious gender politics in that they have been both victims of male clerical abuse and perpetrators of child abuse. This article considers these two contested realities by examining and analysing the evidence from research studies and public inquiries. We found that nuns were not only perpetrators of physical and sexual violence against children, but they were also engaged in herding children into the pathways of organised clerical paedophiles, particularly in children’s homes and orphanages where children were considered sexual commodities. Simultaneously, the sexual abuse of nuns has recently become a major concern for religious communities and the wider Church. We argue that by bringing these two realities together through a new discourse—the sexual economies of clericalism—new understandings of the agency of nuns can be explored in a wider theoretical and methodological framework.
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Carney, Michelle Mohr, and John R. Barner. "Prevalence of Partner Abuse: Rates of Emotional Abuse and Control." Partner Abuse 3, no. 3 (2012): 286–335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.3.3.286.
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Partner abuse research over the past two decades has divided violent, threatening, or abusive phenomena into discrete areas of interest to researchers that, although distinct, are still broadly defined under the common category of “domestic abuse” or, more recently, intimate partner violence (IPV). Thus, any concerted attempt to typify the various substrata of IPV research must recognize the distinct features of each area regarding their component parts (i.e., behavioral or psychological sequelae, incidence and prevalence, and social or interpersonal context) while maintaining the overarching categorical commonality as variants of IPV.This article constitutes a contemporaneous and systematic review of the research on three aspects of controlling coercive violence (CCV): emotional abuse, sexual coercion, and stalking or obsessive behavior, along with a separate examination of when these IPV substrata are combined with physical assaults on intimate partners. Each CCV substrata is operationally defined in research terms common to the social science research, and tabular and narrative data is provided on the incidence and prevalence of each substrata and the combined category. Notable findings derived from this review are reported for each of the three aspects of CCV. For emotional abuse, prevalence rates might average around 80%, with 40% of women and 32% of men reporting expressive aggression (i.e., verbal abuse or emotional violence in response to some agitating or aggravating circumstance) and 41% of women and 43% of men reporting some form of coercive control. For sexual coercion, national samples demonstrated the widest disparity by gender of victim, with 0.2% of men and 4.5% of women endorsing forced sexual intercourse by a partner. By far, the largest selection of highly variable studies, stalking and obsessive behaviors showed a range from 4.1% to 8.0% of women and 0.5% to 2.0% of men in the United States have been stalked at some time in their life. Women were reported as having a significantly higher prevalence (7%) of stalking victimization than men (2%). For all types of violence, except being followed in a way that frightened them, strangers were the most common perpetrators; as reported in approximately 80% of cases, women were most often victimized by men they knew, most frequently, their current or former intimate partners. Among women who reported repeated unwanted contact, current (15.9%) and former (32.9%) intimate partners were the perpetrators in nearly half of the most recent incidents and the largest subdivision of reports came from college or university student samples.A separate examination reports of these types of IPV combined with physical assaults on intimate partners reported the strongest link was between stalking and other forms of violence in intimate relationships: 81% of women who were stalked by a current or former husband or cohabiting partner were also physically assaulted by that partner and 31% reported being sexually assaulted by that partner. Of the types of IPV reported on, most forms of violence that show the highest rates of reportage come from large national samples, with smaller samples showing increased variability. This article concludes with a brief section delineating conclusions that can be drawn from the review and the potential implications for research, practice, and IPV scholarship.
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Ahmed, Assist Instructor Shirin Kamal. "The Spousal Abuse of Women in Susan Glaspell’s Trifles." ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 224, no. 1 (October 24, 2018): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36473/ujhss.v224i1.251.
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This research plans to focus on the spousal abuse of women in Susan Glaspell’s Trifles. Susan Glaspell (1876-1948) is one of the remarkable American female playwrights whose main literary concern is focusing on women issues. The drama of Trifles is considered her master piece in which she sympathises with the American abused women and speaks up for them. American woman is still suffering from spousal abuse but in the early 20thcentury this problem was ignored, excused or denied because women did not have their legal rights and were treated as being inferior than men. The system then gave men the authority over women in all aspects of society even at home. When speaking about abused women, critics’ main concern is the physical effects of the abuse ignoring other types of the spousal abuse, their impacts and consequences. Through her realistic drama of Trifles, Glaspell exposes different types of spousal abuse which are important as the physical onesince they have bad impact on the victims. This research will analysethe types of spousal abuse in Susan Glaspell’s Trifles, their impact and consequences.
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Hull, Debra B., and Jacqueline Burke. "The Religious Right, Attitudes toward Women, and Tolerance for Sexual Abuse." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 17, no. 1-2 (November 27, 1991): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j076v17n01_01.
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Kochuthara, Shaji George. "The Sexual Abuse Scandal and a New Ethical Horizon: A Perspective from India." Theological Studies 80, no. 4 (December 2019): 931–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040563919874517.
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Despite recent signs of change, the Indian church was rather reluctant to acknowledge the clerical sexual abuse scandal as its own problem. In the Indian context, the scandal entails not only the abuse of minors, but also the abuse of women and other vulnerable adults by church personnel. The hierarchical structure of Indian society, gender relations based on patriarchy, and postcolonial attitudes provide a fertile ground for abuse. Clericalism, centralization of power in the church, and continuing negative attitudes to sexuality are further contributing factors. The clerical sexual abuse scandal calls for developing new ethical horizons based on a theology of a participatory church, and a reconsideration of the church’s attitude to sexuality and gender relations.
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De Ville, Kenneth A., and Loretta M. Kopelman. "Fetal Protection in Wisconsin's Revised Child Abuse Law: Right Goal, Wrong Remedy." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 27, no. 4 (1999): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1999.tb01468.x.
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In the summer of 1998, the Wisconsin State legislature amended its child protection laws. Under new child abuse provisions, Wisconsin judges can confine pregnant women who abuse alcohol or drugs for the duration of their pregnancies. South Dakota enacted similar legislation almost simultaneously. The South Dakota statute requires mandatory drug and alcohol treatment for pregnant women who abuse those substances and classifies such activity as child abuse. In addition, the South Dakota legislation gives relatives the power to commit pregnant women involuntarily for two days; a court order can place the pregnant women in custody for up to nine months. These recent legislative “successes” follow scores of failed attempts by legislators in other states to establish fetal protection laws aimed at women who use and abuse drugs and alcohol during pregnancy.
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Rossi, Mary Ann. "The Legitimation of the Abuse of Women in Christianity." Feminist Theology 2, no. 4 (September 1993): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096673509300000405.
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Gilbert, Beverley. "Exploring the experiences of domestic abuse survivors working in the field of domestic abuse support: assisting recovery or re-victimisation revisited?" Journal of Gender-Based Violence 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/239868019x15750194039901.
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Women’s domestic abuse support services have developed over the past decades with the inclusion of women surviving abuse as practitioners themselves (Mullender and Hague, 2001; Slattery and Goodman, 2009; Bemiller and Williams, 2011). Following a literature review of this area, women ‘survivor support workers’ or ‘peer support/mentors’ have rarely been given the opportunity to articulate what it is that they are gaining personally and the impact in undertaking this emotionally challenging work. This small-scale study considers the voice of women survivors working in the field of domestic abuse support work, affording them the opportunity to explore the benefits and the costs to them as survivors of domestic abuse when working in this practice area. Twelve women ‘survivor support workers’ from five distinct English organisations took part in this research. Qualitative interviews were then analysed thematically within a feminist paradigm. Findings indicate that there are both highly positive aspects for survivors of abuse working in the domestic abuse sector, and equally, that there are areas of risk where re-victimisation and vicarious trauma could occur.
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Goodwin, Megan. "They Couldn’t Get My Soul." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 47, no. 2 (February 13, 2018): 280–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429817748138.
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During the 1980s and early 1990s, hundreds of women recovered memories of suffering extraordinary and nefarious torments at the hands of loved ones and trusted authority figures—a phenomenon that came to be known as satanic ritual abuse (SRA). In this article, I argue that late twentieth-century satanic ritual abuse discourse helped perpetuate intolerance toward non-Christian religions and foreclose conditions of possibility for benign religious difference in the United States. Psychological diagnoses related to satanic ritual abuse fueled popular anxieties regarding the sexual peril of American minority religions. Perpetuating diagnoses of satanic ritual abuse reinforced popular suspicions that religious minorities are dangerous, particularly when it comes to matters of sexuality.
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Bagwell-Gray, Meredith E., Jonel Thaller, Jill T. Messing, and Alesha Durfee. "Women’s Reproductive Coercion and Pregnancy Avoidance: Associations With Homicide Risk, Sexual Violence, and Religious Abuse." Violence Against Women 27, no. 12-13 (June 24, 2021): 2294–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10778012211005566.
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This survey study explores patterns of reproductive coercion (RC) and pregnancy avoidance (PA) among women recruited from domestic violence shelters in the southwestern United States ( N = 661). Two logistic regression models assessed the demographic, relationships, and violence characteristics associated with RC and PA. Younger, African American, and Hispanic women were more likely to experience RC. Homicide risk, sexual intimate partner violence (IPV), and religious abuse were associated with RC, and RC and homicide risk were associated with PA. We discuss implications of the associations between RC and PA and their links to religious abuse, sexual IPV, and homicide risk.
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Tallis-Milligan, Rowan. "Book review of ‘Doorways: Women, Homelessness, Trauma and Resistance' by Bekki Perriman." Radical Housing Journal 2, no. 1 (May 4, 2020): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.54825/uvxq7795.
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Doorways centers on the gendered aspects of homelessness through first hand anecdotes while also drawing on the broader aspects of the “housing crisis” and the failures of various homelessness support systems. The book also shares both harsh anecdotes of sexual abuse and harassment, as well as more hopeful accounts of solidarity among homeless women.
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Hall, Terese A. "Spiritual Effects of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Adult Christian Women." Journal of Psychology and Theology 23, no. 2 (June 1995): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164719502300205.
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Long-term spiritual functioning in adult Christian women who had been sexually abused as children was the focus of this study. The Religious Status Inventory was completed by 75 women divided into three groups: 33 abused clinical subjects, 20 nonabused clinical subjects, and 22 nonabused nonclinical subjects. The abused group demonstrated significantly lower spiritual functioning than both of the other groups on the total score as well as on four of the eight subscales of the RSI. There were no significant differences between the nonabused clinical group and the nonclinical control group. It appears that sexual abuse adversely impacts spiritual functioning in three broad areas: a sense of being loved and accepted by God, a sense of community with others, and trust in God's plan and purpose for the future.
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Crespo, M., V. Fernández-Lansac, M. Gómez-Gutiérrez, and C. Soberón. "Negative emotions and threat perception in narratives from battered women." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.515.
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IntroductionTrauma narratives contain a lot of emotion words, in comparison with narratives about other autobiographical memories. Negative emotion's words, as well as words about death (as an indicator of threat perception), have been associated to a worse adjustment after trauma. However, the different kind of negative emotions reported have been rarely explored. Also, in violence victims, the use of words about abuse might indicate threat perception.ObjectivesAnalyzing the use of negative words and threat perception (death and abuse words) in trauma narratives from 50 battered women, compared with stressful narratives from 50 non-traumatized women, and positive narratives. The relationship between narratives aspects and symptomatology is explored.AimsExploring differences in emotions and threat perception related to psychological functioning after trauma.MethodsBattered women were asked to remember the worst violence episode, whereas non-traumatized women narrated their most stressful experience. Both groups remembered also a neutral and a positive episode. LIWC software was used to calculate the percentage of different words used.ResultsAnger was the most used negative emotion. Anger and sadness words were more reported in stressful and trauma narratives than in positive ones. There were differences between groups in the use of death and abuse words. Anger and abuse words were associated to anxiety and depression, but not PTSD symptoms. Death words were related to a better functioning.ConclusionsThis study evidences the need to explore the role of different negative emotions in the posttraumatic adaptation. Also contextual aspects involved on threat perception must be considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Prusak, Jacek, and Anna Schab. "Spiritual trauma as a manifestation of religious and spiritual struggles in female victims of sexual abuse in adolescence or young adulthood in the Catholic Church in Poland." Archive for the Psychology of Religion 44, no. 1 (December 14, 2021): 40–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00846724211060391.
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Specialists on issues of sexual abuse in religious institutions unanimously stress that this kind of experience significantly affects the victims’ spirituality. Particularly devastating and distorting for their spirituality is sexual abuse committed by clergy. In order to explore this issue for the first time in Poland, the authors conducted a qualitative study in the form of semi-structured interviews with five women who had experienced sexual abuse by Catholic clergy and/or religious in adolescence and young adulthood. The interviews were analyzed using the interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and narrative methodology. The results showed that four respondents experienced or had experienced religious struggles in three areas: interpersonal, intrapsychic, and relationship with God. These struggles are complex and intense enough to be referred to as “spiritual trauma” (Doyle, 2009, 2011; Kusner & Pargament, 2015), “religious trauma” (Panchuk, 2018), or “spiritual violence” (Tobin, 2019). The results of the study may be of importance for people helping or having any other kind of contact with victims of clergy sexual abuse.
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Moscarello, Rebeka. "Victims of Violence: Aspects of the “Victim-to-Patient” Process in Women*." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 7 (September 1992): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379203700706.
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This paper is an overview of aspects of the victim-to-patient process which reflects the interrelationship between mental health and mental disorder, particularly of women who suffer the sexual assault, sexual abuse, or wife assault. Knowledge of the psychological processes and symptoms aids diagnosis, modifies treatment and the process of recovery following acts of violence.
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Dickenson, D. "The abuse of women within childcare work." Journal of Medical Ethics 21, no. 6 (December 1, 1995): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.21.6.361-a.
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Afifah, Wiwik, Nisfu Ayu Atika, Alifsyah Pangeran Jaya, Ammalia Khartika Suryanis, Anik Lailatul Maghfiroh, Nita Dewi Pratiwi, and Sultoni Fikri. "SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN PELECEHAN SEKSUAL PADA ANAK DAN WANITA BAGI IMIGRAN DI COMMUNITY HOUSE OF IOM PUSPA AGRO SIDOARJO." Jurnal Penyuluhan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat 3, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.59066/jppm.v3i1.613.
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Students of the Faculty of Law, University of August 17, 1945 Surabaya carried out the initiative of Discussion Activities at the Community House of IOM Puspa Agro Sidoarjo. The activity aims to provide a forum for knowledge with the theme used as material for discussion, namely Prevention of Sexual Abuse of Children and Women in Indonesia. This discussion also provides solutions to the problems faced by partners, especially the lack of knowledge of immigrants about aspects of preventing sexual violence in Indonesia, including the definition of abuse, forms of abuse, the impact and prevention of sexual abuse on children and women, protection and factors. The method of implementing this service program involves initial preparation, implementation of material counseling, discussion related to the material, as well as evaluation and report making. A positive response was received from the partners, who actively provided feedback during the discussion. The results of this discussion provide benefits for refugee immigrants, of course they get new knowledge and insights about sexual abuse in children and women and can implement it in their daily lives. Thus, this program successfully achieved its objectives by increasing the understanding of immigrants in the Community House of IOM Puspa Agro Sidoarjo regarding the Prevention of Sexual Abuse of Children and Women.
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Sarwar, Isra, Shabnam Gul, and Muhammad Faizan Asghar. "An Exploratory Study of the Political Abuse of Women in Afghanistan." Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences 4, no. 2 (June 3, 2021): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v4i2.138.
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Women, the 48.45% of total Afghan population usually termed and referred as the most victimized clan of Afghanistan. It is engendered notion and perceived as reality around the world. Undoubtedly, Mujahidin and later the Taliban have made the situation miserable for women. But, comparatively, women in Afghanistan did not face as many cruelties earlier during Taliban regime as they suffering today. They were secured, honored and allowed to participate equally in all spheres of life ranging from socio-economic to religio-political during the reign of Taliban. Majority of the religious elite among the Muslims interprets the religious teachings according to its own requirements to assure legitimacy particularly in the context of women. Same is the case with Afghanistan, which, being the buffer state, had been remained epicenter for political interests of world powers and who used its soil to expand or legitimize their authority, violate human rights specifically women as wartime strategy to achieve the goals. This intricate study with reference to the manipulated status of women is based on qualitative method and will explore the political dimensions where women have been used as wartime strategy to legitimize the power. It is based on explanatory and exploratory goals of the study. The thematic and observational approach will be used to analyze the available qualitative data by using secondary sources.
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Ormerod, Neil. "Sexual Abuse, a Royal Commission, and the Australian Church." Theological Studies 80, no. 4 (December 2019): 950–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040563919874514.
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The sexual abuse crisis and subsequent Royal Commission investigation raised important ecclesiological and ecclesial issues for the Australian Catholic Church. This article provides background to the work of the Commission and explores four issues: the seal of the confessional; the notion of ontological change in ordination; the place of women in the church; and the authority of bishops. While no direct theological resolution of these is possible, these issues have been raised with pressing urgency.
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Gil, Vincent E. "In Thy Father's House: Self-Report Findings of Sexually Abused Daughters from Conservative Christian Homes." Journal of Psychology and Theology 16, no. 2 (June 1988): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164718801600203.
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This study explores the childhood sexual abuses of 35 adult women who were raised in conservative Christian homes. These women, self-defined as victims of father-daughter incest, completed a structured questionnaire and were selectively interviewed about their abuse histories. Analyses of these date revealed that the sample shared many of the features of incestuous abuse found in the general population, but differed in the higher prevalence of sexual abuse by biological fathers (66%) rather than by stepfathers (34%). Natural fathers exhibited a broader range of sexual contacts with their daughters than did stepfathers, the nature and severity of these varying along with their denominational affiliation. Overall, stepfathers were less likely to seriously abuse their stepdaughters. This trend did not vary along with their religious affiliation. Collectively, fathers and stepfathers were viewed as emotionally problemed, legalistic, or coping with stresses external to the home. Such external factors correlated significantly to the styles of communication in the home, particularly between fathers and daughters as these perceived it; to the religious climate of the home; and to the general stress felt in the home itself. Implications drawn suggest that external stressors and internal communications combine with legalistic orientations to significantly influence the abuse dynamic. Suggestions for mediation and therapy are offered.
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Crowe, Michael, and Christopher Dare. "Survivors of childhood sexual abuse: approaches to therapy." Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 4, no. 2 (March 1998): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.4.2.96.
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The experience of sexual abuse in childhood is very common (Jehu, 1988). The highest estimate from the USA (Wyatt & Peters, 1986) suggests that 42% of girls up to the age of 17 have experienced abuse, and the best estimate from Britain (Baker & Duncan, 1985) would give a prevalence of between 12 and 20%. Mullen et al (1993) found in a general population of women in New Zealand an overall prevalence of abuse before the age of 16 of 32%, with 20% reporting genital contact and 3% penetrative sex. In the American series half of those abused (21% of the respondents) reported that the abuse was by a family member: the figure for intra-familial abuse in the British series was 14% of those reporting abuse, and thus about 3–5% of all the women who responded. There may be many explanations for the large international variations, including differences in definition, sampling and other aspects of methodology, but it is also possible that abuse is indeed more common in some countries than others.
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Raketic, Diana, Branka Stamatovic-Gajic, Tomislav Gajic, and Mirjana Jovanovic. "Women and addiction (alcohol and opiates): Comparative analysis of psychosocial aspects." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 141, no. 9-10 (2013): 648–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1310648r.
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Introduction. Nowadays women constitute one third of all addicts. In the last decade, there has been a remarkable growth in scientific interest in biochemical and psychosocial aspects of women?s addiction. Many researches point out the specific character of women?s addiction. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess and compare psychosocial aspects, including the socio-demographic characteristics as well as the specific aspects of functioning of family and interpersonal relationships of the subjects addicted to opiates and alcohol. Methods. There were two substance addict groups (32 and 30 subjects addicted to drugs and alcohol, respectively) and the control group, consisting of 30 subjects (no substance addiction). A socio-demo- graphic data questionnaire and semi-structured Addiction Severity Index (ASI) interview were used. Results. The results of the research indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the compared groups in respect to the age of the subjects, family history of addiction disorders, education, parenthood, employment work status, and marital status. The subjects addicted to opiates differed significantly in respect to manifestation of aggressive, delinquent behaviour, infectious diseases, presence of addicts-partnerships, but there were no significant differences in relation to physical abuse, sexual abuse and self-assessment of depression. Conclusion. The results of this research suggest that subjects addicted to opiates differed largely from the subjects addicted to alcohol in terms of the age of the subjects, education level, family relationships, partnerships and social relationships, which all have to be taken into consideration when designing a therapy protocol and planning activities for prevention.
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Subotsky, Fiona. "Sexual abuse in psychiatric hospitals: developing policies to aid prevention." Psychiatric Bulletin 17, no. 5 (May 1993): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.17.5.274.
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Over the last few years, there has been a considerable increase in public awareness of the sexual abuse of children and the incidence of violence, often with sexual aspects, to women in their homes and elsewhere. Questions about such occurrences are now frequently asked as part of the psychiatric assessment of women patients (Palmer et al, 1992). However, only comparatively recently has the issue of sexual assault within psychiatric provision begun to be raised (Gath, 1989; Subotsky, 1991; Tonks, 1992).
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Aliyu, Samaila, and Kabiru Umar. "Drug Abuse and Implications on Students Learning: A Conceptual Review Emphasized on Sokoto, Nigeria." EDUMALSYS Journal of Research in Education Management 2, no. 2 (May 16, 2024): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/edumalsys.v2i2.2987.
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Drug abuse is a worldwide issue threatening almost all aspects of human life. The aim of this paper is to consider a review of concepts of drug abuse and effects on academic/education of learners with a particular emphasis on Sokoto. Drug is a substance that alters the body. Many people administer drugs just for euphoria without proper justification, a condition that is dubbed as drug abuse. Drug abuse is spurred by peers, curiosity, family, accessibility, work, stress and relations. However, effects of drug abuse are multifold, on a major part drug abuse affect health and onward cause poor learning. Most importantly, rehabilitation, religious, law implications, and other policies need to be embraced to deal with drug abuse. The following themes were engaged: drug and drug abuse concepts, classification, common drugs, cause, effects, prevention, etc.
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Fortune, Marie M. "Is Nothing Sacred? 1 Timothy and Clergy Sexual Abuse." Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 75, no. 4 (October 2021): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00209643211027764.
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1 Timothy and the Pastoral Letters appear to be efforts to codify structure and roles in the early church. These efforts largely reflected the patriarchal social structures of the time and as such are not relevant to the twenty-first-century church. But some of the concerns identified herein, for example expectations of church leaders, are useful for a current discussion. What is missing is any acknowledgement of the potential for identified church leaders to take advantage of vulnerable congregants, particularly women and children. How might the writer of 1 Timothy have addressed this serious problem in the churches?
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Crisp, Beth R. "The Spiritual Implications of Sexual Abuse: Not Just an Issue for Religious Women?" Feminist Theology 20, no. 2 (January 2012): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735011425301.
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Ajisafe, Lateepha Busari, Beatrice Ohaeri, Iyanuoluwa O. Ojo, and Oluwatoyin Babarimisa. "Child Abuse: A Significant Contemporary Community Problem." nternational Journal of Public Health Pharmacy and Pharmacology 8, no. 1 (January 15, 2023): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijphpp.15/vol8n11826.
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The definition of child abuses and neglect is fairly broad. Individuals, ethnic groups, religious institutions, professional entities, etc. have different perspectives on it as it happens. Although there are many other types of child abuse and neglect, including physical violence, verbal abuse, emotional/psychological abuse, child labor, child abandonment, and child sexual abuse, they have all been covered in this essay. Additionally, the causes of child abuse and child neglect in our culture were discussed. The effects of seeing child abuse and neglect can have a profound impact on a person's life. It affects a person's physical health and well-being, intellectual and cognitive growth, as well as their emotional, psychological, and behavioral aspects of life. In this study, all of these were critically examined.
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Palant, Esti. "A Shelter for Orthodox Jewish Women in Israel: The Experience of Helping Religious Women Escape Domestic Abuse." Journal of Religion & Abuse 6, no. 3-4 (July 8, 2005): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j154v06n03_04.
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McDannell, Colleen. "“I Confided in My Mother and She Called the Archdiocese”: Parents and Clergy Sex Abuse." Church History 92, no. 1 (March 2023): 122–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640723000689.
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AbstractScholars have acknowledged that there is a systemic aspect to Catholic clerical sex abuse that acts as a type of grammar structuring behaviors and responses. Feminist critics in particular stress the patriarchal nature of the abuse that connects bishops, priests, and boys together. This essay argues that in addition to public systems dominated by men, there are also private structures that facilitate abuse. Using the extensive primary documentation assembled by BishopAccountability.org, I focus on the space of the home and the unique orientations of mothers and fathers to better understand the dynamics of clerical sex abuse in the American Catholic church. The essay begins with the abuse of a Milwaukee priest who tormented his parishioners from 1945 until his forced “retirement” in 1970. Drawing on themes found in this case, I examine other abuse narratives—focusing on how the Catholic understanding of alter Christus and mid-twentieth-century gender roles made the “good Catholic home” a particularly vulnerable place for abuse. Since public and private systems overlap, it is essential that the domestic aspects of clergy sex abuse also receive a full analysis.
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Watson, Bronwyn, and W. Kim Halford. "Classes of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Women’s Adult Couple Relationships." Violence and Victims 25, no. 4 (August 2010): 518–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.25.4.518.
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The current study assessed if childhood sexual abuse (CSA) can be meaningfully classified into classes, based on the assumption that abuse by a close family member differs in important ways from other abuse, and whether abuse classes were differentially associated with couple relationship problems. The childhood experiences and adult relationships of 1,335 Australian women (18–41 years) were assessed. Latent class analysis identified three classes of CSA: that perpetrated by a family member, friend, or stranger, which differed markedly on most aspects of the abuse. Family abuse was associated with the highest risk for adult relationship problems, with other classes of CSA having a significant but weaker association with adult relationship problems. CSA is heterogeneous with respect the long-term consequences for adult relationship functioning.
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Moder, Ally. "Women, Personhood, and the Male God: A Feminist Critique of Patriarchal Concepts of God in View of Domestic Abuse." Feminist Theology 28, no. 1 (August 6, 2019): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735019859471.
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Domestic abuse is a common occurrence for women in the Christian Church. Underlying this dark reality is a long history of patriarchal theological interpretations that have depicted God as a dominant male figure that subjects women to male hierarchy as a subordinate. Often based on an understanding of Jesus as subordinate to God the Father in the Trinity, the correlated praxis of the Church has commonly been to subject women to suffering at the hands of men – even at the cost of their lives – thus mimicking the death of Christ. This deeply flawed androcentric theology and subsequent praxis of women’s subordination has been severely challenged by liberal feminists, and rightly so for the sake of women’s survival and flourishing. This article utilizes the Social Trinity to provide a Christian feminist critique of patriarchal atonement models and theology towards the feminist goal of liberating women from male-perpetrated violence. Ultimately a reframing of God will be presented that includes women as full persons and calls them to resist the suffering of domestic abuse and to reclaim their full personhood as the imago Dei.
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Balaa, Luma. "Misuse of Islam in El-Saadawi’s God Dies by the Nile from a Socialist Feminist Perspective." Hawwa 11, no. 2-3 (June 9, 2014): 187–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692086-12341247.
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This essay argues that El-Saadawi, in her novel God Dies by the Nile, does not oppose Islam and does not claim that it is Islam that oppresses women, but rather that it is the abuse of Islam and the melange of Islam, traditions, and superstitions that oppresses the women in Kafr El Teen, which is symbolic of many Arab countries. This paper takes a socialist feminist perspective and analyzes the ways in which political institutions, patriarchy. and power structures in El-Saadawi’s God Dies by the Nile falsely and maliciously resort to religion and distort it in order to oppress women. This abuse is manifested in all aspects of the villagers’ lives—political, economic, social, and sexual.
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Aguillard, Kimberly, Rosemary Hughes, Gretchen L. Gemeinhardt, Vanessa Schick, and Sheryl McCurdy. "“They Didn’t Ask.” Rural Women With Disabilities and Experiences of Violence Describe Interactions With the Healthcare System." Qualitative Health Research 32, no. 4 (January 2, 2022): 656–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211059142.
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Women with disabilities are at risk of experiencing multiple forms of severe and prolonged violence, yet guidelines for screening this population are unclear, screening rates are historically low, and screening tools may be inadequate to capture disability-related aspects of abuse. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with 33 rural women in the United States with diverse disabilities and experiences of violence. They described overarching healthcare provider and system factors that influenced their trust and confidence in healthcare delivery as an avenue to support their safety. Women described interactions with the healthcare system during their experience of violence as a missed opportunity for identifying and responding to their abuse and connecting them with resources. We conclude with policy and practice recommendations based on women with disabilities’ perspectives and insights.
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Dutton, Donald G., and Kenneth J. Hemphill. "Patterns of Socially Desirable Responding Among Perpetrators and Victims of Wife Assault." Violence and Victims 7, no. 1 (March 1, 1992): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.7.1.29.
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Wife assaulters attending a treatment group and women who had just exited an abusive relationship were asked to report on the extent of physical violence and emotional abuse in their relationship. Measures of socially desirable responding (SDR) were administered to both groups. Wife assaulters' self-reports of physical abuse correlated negatively with one SDR measure (the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding) but not another (the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale); emotional abuse correlated negatively with both measures. Although physical abuse was primarily related to impression management, psychological abuse was affected by both impression management and self-deception aspects of SDR. Wife assaulters' reports of their own anger also correlated negatively with SDR. Both self-deception and impression management appear to contribute to underreporting of anger. Finally, abuse victims' reports of both physical and emotional abuse were unrelated to SDR.
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K, Mohammed Nabeel, and Sumathy M. "Dowry and Domestic Violence Against Women In India." Technoarete Transactions on Advances in Social Sciences and Humanities 2, no. 1 (May 23, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ttassh/02.01.a001.
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Domestic violence is a serious human rights and public health issue, with physical and mental health implications. The five basic components of domestic violence in Indian contexts are emotional abuse, physical violence, sexual violence, honour killing, dowry-related abuse, and death. The purpose of this study is to investigate domestic violence experienced by Indian women, particularly as a result of dowry and associated difficulties. Secondary data from NCRB, NFHS, and NCM were used in the study. According to the survey, dowry is the leading cause of domestic violence against women in India. Dowry-related deaths in India are falling year after year, which is a good indicator. There is always a need to educate rural India about the negative aspects of dowry. Domestic violence is prevalent in our community, and it has unspoken consequences for a woman's economical well-being, physical and mental health, and, as a result, society as a whole. Keyword : Domestic Violence, Dowry, Women empowerment, Spousal Violence, Sexual Violence.