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Tibbetts, Erica. "Understanding Incarcerated Women's Motivation to Exercise." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/327641.
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KinesiologyPh.D.
Women make up only 7% of the incarcerated population (Guerino, Harrison, & Sabol, 2012). However, this number is rising exponentially. The female prison population has increased eight-fold since 1980 (Carson & Gionelli, 2013). Up to 70% of women who are incarcerated will recidivate (Mallik-Kane & Vischer, 2008). A major contributor to this rapid increase and high rate of recidivism is that women's physical and mental health needs are not met while they are incarcerated. Creating gender sensitive programming that addresses women's physical and mental health needs while they are incarcerated and that can influence their lives after they leave could help decrease recidivism and increase the quality of life of thousands (Bloom, Owen, & Covington, 2003). While structured exercise programs are being offered with more frequency in women's prisons to help address these mental and physical health problems, attendance has been low and program staff struggle to retain participants. This research examined women's motivation to exercise, what they felt were benefits of engaging in physical activity, and what they perceived the barriers to physical activity are while incarcerated. The study was conducted in conjunction with an indoor cycling class being offered at the Philadelphia County Women's prison. Twenty-four women enrolled in the study and completed pre-program interviews and pencil and paper measures. Twelve women completed a follow up test; six graduated from the cycling program; six dropped out. Results show that women who build connections (relatedness) with instructors and peers are more likely to adhere to a structured exercise program, and that the basic psychological needs laid out by Self-Determination Theory are related to adherence. Additionally, women can internalize a range of reasons for and benefits of exercise that can help them overcome a range of institutional, individual, and environment barriers evident in a correctional setting.
Temple University--Theses
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Johansson, Karin, and Valeria Sjöbom. "Motivation behind young women's excessive exercise : A qualitative study from a Self-determination perspective." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-103969.
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Exercise is an important part of well-being. However, when performed excessively, it can lead to negative consequences such as anxiety, depression and feelings of guilt. This study aimed to qualitatively investigate what motivational regulations, defined by the Self-determination theory, that may provide an insight into why young women engage in excessive exercise. Data from seven participants was analyzed through a thematic analysis and resulted in four themes: Exercise affected by social influence, Ambivalence toward the amount of exercise, Benefits of exercise and Exercise affecting the sense of self. All of the motivational regulations belonged to the extrinsic type of motivation, ranging from external to integrated regulation, with social influence and health benefits being the most frequently mentioned reasons for exercise. Also, the informants were able to explain why they exercise, but less so in regard to the amount of exercise.Träning är en förutsättning för välbefinnande. När träning utförs i en överdriven mängd kan det dock leda till negativa konsekvenser som ångest, depression och skuldkänslor. Syftet med denna studie var att kvalitativt undersöka vilka motivationsregleringar definierade av Självbestämmande teori som kan ge en inblick i varför unga kvinnor tränar i en överdriven omfattning. Materialet från sju deltagare analyserades genom en tematisk analys och resulterade i fyra teman: Social påverkan på träning, Ambivalens till träningsmängden, Fördelar med träning och Träning påverkar uppfattningen om sig själv. Alla motivationsregleringar tillhörde den yttre typen av motivation och sträckte sig från extern till integrerad reglering, där social påverkan och hälsofördelar var de mest frekvent nämnda anledningarna till träning. Informanterna kunde ge en förklaring till varför de tränar, men inte avseende deras träningsmängd.
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Han, Jenny. "A Self-determination Theory Based Prenatal Care Intervention for Low-income Pregnant Women." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/954.
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Self-determination Theory postulates that there are innate psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and that satisfaction of these needs fosters the development of autonomous motivation. Research suggests that autonomous forms of motivation are important for behavior change and maintenance. With increasing research on Self-determination Theory and its possible applications, there is a demand for research that develops and tests behavioral interventions. This study seeks to apply Self-determination Theory to a prenatal care intervention for low-income pregnant women in the Los Angeles area.
The Self-determination Theory based and the non-Self-determination Theory based prenatal care interventions will be compared. Perceived autonomy, competence, relatedness, and autonomous motivation will be measured as well as health care behaviors (healthy behavior habits, prenatal care return rates, and adherence to doctor’s regimen). Perceived autonomy competence, relatedness, autonomous motivation, and healthy behavior will be measured before and after the intervention. Return rate and adherence to doctor’s regimen will be measured post-intervention. The Self-determination Theory based intervention group is expected to report higher levels of autonomous motivation, perceived autonomy, competence, relatedness, and healthy behavior, higher return rates, and better adherence to doctor’s orders than the control group. The findings may help shape prenatal care interventions for low-income pregnant women resulting in healthier pregnancies and reduced risk factors for infant disease and mortality.
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Williams, Tamara D. "Conflict Between Women's Physically Active and Passive Leisure Pursuits: The Role of Self-determination and Influences on Well-being." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24335.
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Despite evidence to support physically active and passive leisure as significant contributors to well-being, for working mothers, fitting leisure into an already busy schedule can be challenging. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of perceived time constraints and self-determination for physically active and passive leisure on conflict between these two leisure domains and the influence of this conflict on well-being among physically active working mothers.
A total of 66 women who were physically active, worked at least 30 hours per week outside the home and had at least one child living in the home, participated in the study. At baseline, the participants completed a basic intake assessment in addition to validated questionnaires to measure time constraints and motivation for physically active and passive leisure. A two-week period of electronic experience sampling followed to evaluate leisure engagement. A final set of measures to evaluate conflict between physically active and passive leisure over the two weeks, and general well-being were completed at the end of the experience sampling period.
Results indicated that despite relatively high levels of satisfaction with time available for both physically active and passive leisure, perceived time constraints were associated with increased goal conflict as are non-self-determined motivation for physically active leisure and self-determined motivation for passive leisure. Controlling for engagement in physically active and passive leisure, well-being is negatively influenced by goal conflict.
Recommendations are provided regarding areas for additional research to further our understanding of the impact of opposing motivational orientations on goal conflict including the incorporation of Vallerand’s Dualistic Model of Passion (Vallerand et al., 2003).
From a practical standpoint, the implications of the study results for interventions designed to address general well-being in middle class working mothers through targeting factors related to time constraints and goal conflict are discussed.
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Stadel, Cynthia Jakes. "Exploring the Impact of an LD Diagnosis on the Self-Determination of Women in Poverty." PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2698.
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This collective case study explored the impact of a later-in-life learning disability (LD) diagnosis on women in poverty. The study focused on the perspectives of four women who were not identified with LD as children but accessed assessment services as adults receiving Oregon's Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). All four reported painful awareness of learning differences as youths; as adults they voluntarily engaged in a "labeling event," furthering a process toward personal transformation and enhanced well-being initiated by their own awareness and curiosity. The women described critical social and emotional support systems and relationships that helped them integrate understanding of the LD construct, education and employment opportunities that came in the wake of the diagnosis, and decisions made regarding disclosure. Self- determination theory and interpersonal neurobiology undergird reflections on narratives and themes. Recommendations for practice include providing low-income women assessed with LD (1) access to an LD specialist; (2) case planning and case management with a strength-based focus; and (3) assistance working with the public schools for those who are parents. The study underscores the significant services provided by Oregon DHS to low-income women with learning disabilities who have not been identified by K-12 school systems and recommends that DHS undertake further quantitative and qualitative research in collaboration with a research institution.
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Wokekoro, Victor Dike. "Legal Boundaries : Women's Reproductive Self-determination Rights Versus Fetus's Right to Life. – An Analysis on Georgia Fetal Heartbeat Bill. (H.B.481)." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Umeå centrum för genusstudier (UCGS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-188327.
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Through the fetal heartbeat House-Bill-481, Georgia (U.S) has taken a Pro-life stance on the constitutionally enshrined women's reproductive self-determination rights versus the proposed fetus's right to life by banning abortion after six weeks of gestation. The purpose of this research was to analyze how rights are debated in the media, argued in the bill, and presented in the litigation against the bill using a thematic analysis approach guided by the concept of rights. The findings showed that Pro-choice sees the bill as an infringement of women's rights while Pro-life see it as recognizing the proposed fetus's right to life and personhood.
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Ngan, Yi-wan Prinnie, and 顔綺雲. "A study of the rights of self-determination in marriage of Chinese women and their position in the family from the late Ch'ingto the May Fourth period." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31948698.
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Mask, Lisa. "A Self-determination Theory Perspective of Women's Body Image and Eating-related Concerns in Response to Media Portrayals of the Female Body." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20259.
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Grounded in Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000), the purpose of this thesis was to investigate the protective role of self-determined (i.e., autonomous motivation) relative to non self-determined motivation (i.e., controlled motivation) in response to various media portrayals of the female body. Findings from three laboratory experiments support these hypotheses. Women who felt less self-determined in their daily activities (Study 1 and Study 3) and in the regulation of their eating behaviors (Study 2), perceived more pressure from the media to be thin (Study 1), experienced more body dissatisfaction (Study 1 and Study 2), expressed greater concerns over the quantity of food in their diets (Study 1), and reported more negative affect (Study 2) following exposure to a video which exemplified the societal ―thin ideal‖ compared to a video which did not. They also generated more negative self-appraisals of their body‘s appearance and competence (Study 3), experienced more body shame (Study 3), and reported more introjected reasons for restricting their actual intake of chocolate (Study 3) following exposure to video which depicted the female body as an instrument of women‘s actions compared to one which depicted the female body as object (Study 3). Conversely, women who felt more self-determined in their daily activities (Study 1 and Study 3) expressed greater concerns over the quality of food in their diet (Study 1) and reported less vitality (Study 3) in response to media portrayals of women engaged in self-care (Study 1) and physical activities (Study 3). However, body dissatisfied women who felt more self-determined in the regulation of their eating behaviors (Study 2) formulated more intentions to monitor their food intake and eat fewer unhealthy foods (Study 2) after viewing a video of thin female models compared to no models. Together, these findings support a protective function for self-determined motivation and a potentiating function for non self-determined motivation.
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Ngan, Yi-wan Prinnie. "A study of the rights of self-determination in marriage of Chinese women and their position in the family from the late Ch'ing to the May Fourth period Wan Qing zhi wu si shi qi Zhongguo fu nü hun yin zi zhu quan ji jia ting di wei de tan tao/." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31948698.
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Werner, Albin. "Why do Women's Hockey Players Choose to Dropout from Ice Hockey? A Thematic Analysis." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45295.
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The purpose of the study was to thematically map and describe what motives and factors previous ice hockey women experienced as contributing to their dropout from ice hockey. The study involved 15 interviewees; women aged 17–42 (M = 23.3 SD = 6,8) where all participants previously played ice hockey but have now chosen to quit. In the study, interviews were conducted with all participants and the participants had been active in ice hockey between 3 and 24 years (Average = 13.3). The result was analyzed via a thematic analysis. The results show that the participants experience several different intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints as contributing reasons for terminated sports participation (i.e., negative emotions, low competence, coach's behavior, teammates' behaviors, and financial constraints). To reduce the number of dropouts from sports, federations, clubs, and districts are recommended, among other things, to work to increase coaches' knowledge of psychological and psychosocial aspects to create better and more pleasant environments in women's hockey. This together with strengthening the participants' three basic needs (competence, autonomy & relatedness). Future research in the field is recommended to focus on a broader societal perspective and how it is related to dropouts from sports.Syftet med studien var att tematiskt kartlägga och beskriva vilka motiv och faktorer tidigare ishockeykvinnor upplevde bidragande till deras avhopp från ishockey. Studien involverade 15 intervjuade; kvinnor i åldrarna 17–42 år (M = 23,3 SD = 6,8) där samtliga deltagare tidigare spelat ishockey men nu har valt att sluta. I studien genomfördes intervjuer med samtliga deltagare och deltagarna hade varit aktiva i ishockey mellan 3 och 24 år (genomsnitt = 13,3). Resultatet analyserades via en tematisk analys. Resultaten visar att deltagarna upplever flera olika intrapersonella, interpersonella och strukturella begränsningar som bidragande orsaker till avslutat idrottsdeltagande (ex. negativa känslor, låg kompetens, tränares beteende,lagkamraters beteende och ekonomiska begränsningar). För att minska antalet bortfall från idrott rekommenderas förbund, klubbar och distrikt bland annat att arbeta för att öka tränarnas kunskap om psykologiska och psykosociala aspekter för att skapa bättre och trevligare miljöer inom damhockey. Detta tillsammans med att stärka deltagarna tre grundläggande behov (kompetens, autonomi och tillhörighet). Framtida forskning inom området rekommenderas att fokusera på ett bredare samhällsperspektiv och hur det är relaterat till bortfall från idrott.
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Kimber, Cliona Janet Marie. "Self-determination for women." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42043.
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The Eighth Amendment to the Irish Constitution elevated the right to life of the foetus
to the status of a constitutional right. The implications of this development for Irish
women are used in this thesis as a starting point to illustrate the need for a right to self-determination
for women as a social group. As a country with a democratic
government, and a codified bill of rights, Ireland is squarely within the liberal legal
tradition of rights. This background, together with the absolute prohibition on abortion,
and the powerful position of the Catholic Church as a reservoir of conservative beliefs,
makes Ireland a particularly strong example to illustrate the need for a right to self-determination
for women.
A constitutional right to self-determination for women as a social group would aim to
return to women the power to define and create the institutions and structures of society
under which they live, at both the public level of government and the private level of
family and the day to day lives of women. This thesis attempts both to delineate the
theoretical outlines of this right, and suggest how such a right can be used to engage
with law to advance the position of women.Law, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate
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Gillis, La Tonya L. "Kujichagalia! Self-Determination in Young African American Women With Disabilities during the Transition Process." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3117.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the role that self-determination played in the transition process for young African American women with disabilities who exited high school with a special diploma and participated in a local transition program. Factors under study included the young women's autonomy, self-regulation, psychological empowerment, and self-realization (Wehmeyer, 1996).
This examination of the perceptions of the transition process of young African American women with disabilities involved in-depth interviews with five young women and their parent or guardian. Additionally, The Arc's Self-Determination Scale (ASDS) and the Parent Self-Determination Practice Survey (PSDPS) were administered to determine the level of self-determination of the young women as well as the level of parental promotion of self-determination. Results showed that the young women were able to use self-determination in a variety of settings. Three of the five student participants demonstrated high levels of self-determination as measured by the ASDS when compared to the normative sample. Also, the parent or guardian of the young women provided multiple opportunities for the young women to practice self-determination in their homes and employment settings. Furthermore, the young women discussed several factors that they perceived to be strengths and challenges to using self-determination throughout and beyond the transition process. The findings have implications for school systems, social service agencies, and parents and guardians.
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Guertin, Camille. "A Self-Determination Theory Perspective on the Success and Failure of Eating Regulation In Women: Does Planning and Self-Monitoring the Quality Versus the Quantity of Eating Matter?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41532.
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Based within the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the overall objective of this thesis was to examine how motivational processes involved in the regulation of eating give rise to different self-regulation strategies in terms of eating quality and quantity, and how the adoption of these strategies influence women’s eating behaviors and life satisfaction over time. This objective was achieved through a series of eight studies, divided into four manuscripts. First, a measure that would allow us to assess healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors based on recent recommendations of Canada’s Food Guide was developed and validated. In Manuscript #1, we validated the Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Behavior Scale (HUEBS) by examining the structure of the scale (Study 1 N = 360; Study 2 N = 711) and by establishing convergent validity through the examination of the relationships between motivational concepts, healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors as measured by the HUEBS, and waist circumference (Study 2 N = 711; Study 3 N = 264). Results supported the factor structure of the scale. It was also demonstrated that as women moved along stages of change for eating regulation, they reported higher levels of self-determined (versus non-self-determined) motivation and a higher consumption of healthy (versus unhealthy) foods. Furthermore, findings showed that healthy eating fully mediated the relationship between self-determined motivation and waist-circumference, and that the relationship between self-determined motivation and healthy eating was moderated by stages of change. Since there was also a need to develop a scale that would allow us to measure planning and self-monitoring strategies in terms of eating quality (i.e., nutrient intake) and quantity (i.e., calories and portion sizes), Manuscript #2 validated the Planning and Self-Monitoring the Quality and Quantity Scale (PMQQS; Study 1 N = 355; Study 2 N = 318). Results supported the 6-factor structure of the scale and demonstrated that strategies related to the quality of eating were more strongly and positively associated with healthy eating and more strongly and negatively associated with unhealthy eating, whereas strategies related to the quantity of eating were more strongly and positively associated with bulimic symptoms and Body Mass Index (BMI). Manuscript #3 then examined if the strategies assessed by the PMQQS provided additional variance to eating behaviors over and above the effects of motivation (Study 1 N = 456) and if the strategies mediated the relationships between motivation and eating, while controlling for BMI (Study 1 N = 456; Study 2 N = 979). Overall, it was found that strategies played a significant role in explaining eating behaviors and that planning and self-monitoring the quality of eating mediated the relationships between autonomous motivation and healthy and unhealthy eating, whereas planning and self-monitoring the quantity of eating mediated the relationship between controlled motivation and bulimic symptoms. Finally, in Manuscript #4, we tested a longitudinal model (N = 230) examining the roles of goals and motivation in the prediction of the strategies and various types of eating and the effects of adopting these behaviors on life satisfaction over a 3-month period. Results revealed that intrinsic goals were positively associated with autonomous motivation whereas extrinsic goals were positively associated with controlled motivation for eating regulation at Time 1 (the baseline), and that autonomous motivation positively predicted quality strategies whereas controlled motivation positively predicted quantity strategies at Time 2 (1 month). Planning and self-monitoring quality then predicted healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors, whereas planning and self-monitoring quantity predicted bulimic symptoms at Time 3 (3 months). Finally, healthy eating was positively associated with life satisfaction, whereas bulimic symptoms was negatively associated with life satisfaction at Time 3. Overall, this thesis increases knowledge on why some women succeed, whereas others fail, to regulate their eating behaviors over time.
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Guérin, Eva. "Not Just What You Do But Why You Do It: The Influence of Self-Determination and Passion on the Relationship between Physical Activity and Well-Being in Active Women with Multiple Roles." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24093.
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Although there is a well-known relationship between physical activity and well-being, particularly among women, this association is complex. There is a call for more research regarding key moderating processes that will help to explain the circumstances under which physical activity can lead to optimal well-being. The overall purpose of this dissertation was to examine the influence of situational motivation (Self-Determination Theory; Deci & Ryan, 1985) and passion (Dualistic Model of Passion; Vallerand et al., 2003) as predictors of the relationship between physical activity and indicators of well-being, namely affect and vitality, in active women with multiple life roles. The influence of perceived intensity (RPE) was also investigated.
Study 1 followed a within-subject experimental design (N = 40). Article 1 revealed a significant interaction effect between RPE and introjected regulation whereby at low levels of introjection, RPE was positively associated with changes in positive affect with a running task. In Article 2, identified and introjected regulations were positively associated with pre- to post-running increases in positive affect. Moreover, participants with high introjection reported a greater increase in positive affect with a running task but also a greater decline in affect after a non-physical control task. Study 2 employed the Experience Sampling Method over a 14-day period (N = 66). Article 3 revealed a novel motivational sequence whereby introjected regulation was associated with higher RPE, intrinsic motivation (as well as RPE), was positively related to post-physical activity positive affect and the positive influence of identified regulation on affect appeared 3-hours post-activity. Lastly, Article 4 revealed that women’s daily affect was related to engaging in their passionate activity (i.e., physical activity) and that higher harmonious passion and lower obsessive passion led to more stable positive affect across days. Vitality, as measured at endpoint, was negatively predicted by obsessive passion and positively by harmonious passion.
The findings are discussed in relation to theoretical tenants and previous studies. The unique results give rise to interesting avenues of future enquiry such as exploring motivational profiles. It is recommended that wellness interventions should emphasize women’s internalization of physical activity in hopes of achieving balanced, sensible physical activity.
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Hsu, Ya-Ting. "The Effects of a Self-Determination Theory Based Exercise Intervention on Physical Activity and Psychological Variables in Sedentary Overweight or Obese Women: Project CHANGE (To Being a Confident, Healthy, and Goal-Directed Exerciser)." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1312231290.
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Ross, Genesis. "Black Deathing to Black Self-Determination: The Cultivating Substance of Counter-Narratives." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1617984242373826.
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Bursian, Olga, and olga bursian@arts monash edu au. "Uncovering the well-springs of migrant womens' agency: connecting with Australian public infrastructure." RMIT University. Social Science and Planning, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080131.113605.
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The study sought to uncover the constitution of migrant women's agency as they rebuild their lives in Australia, and to explore how contact with any publicly funded services might influence the capacity to be self determining subjects. The thesis used a framework of lifeworld theories (Bourdieu, Schutz, Giddens), materialist, trans-national feminist and post colonial writings, and a methodological approach based on critical hermeneutics (Ricoeur), feminist standpoint and decolonising theories. Thirty in depth interviews were carried out with 6 women migrating from each of 5 regions: Vietnam, Lebanon, the Horn of Africa, the former Soviet Union and the Philippines. Australian based immigration literature constituted the third corner of triangulation. The interviews were carried out through an exploration of themes format, eliciting data about the different ontological and epistemological assumptions of the cultures of origin. The findings revealed not only the women's remarkable tenacity and resilience as creative agents, but also the indispensability of Australia's publicly funded infrastructure or welfare state. The women were mostly privileged in terms of class, education and affirming relationships with males. Nevertheless, their self determination depended on contact with universal public policies, programs and with local community services. The welfare state seems to be modernity's means for re-establishing human connectedness that is the crux of the human condition. Connecting with fellow Australians in friendships and neighbourliness was also important in resettlement. Conclusions include a policy discussion in agreement with Australian and international scholars proposing that there is no alternative but for governments to invest in a welfare state for the civil societies and knowledge based economies of the 21st Century.
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Thall, Michelle S. "Exercise & Physical Activity in Middle-Aged Women: The Role of Self-Compassion." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1400837236.
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Rogers, Antoinette Michelle. "Factors Leading to Successful Attainment of Doctoral Degrees in Education by African American Women." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1572.
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Smith-Marek, Erika Nicole. "The experience of exercise: women survivors of sexual violence." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18972.
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Doctor of PhilosophySchool of Family Studies and Human Services
Joyce Baptist
Sexual violence is pervasive in the lives of women across the globe. Survivors commonly experience a range of mental health conditions following sexual trauma, rendering the development and examination of effective treatments to be critical. Preliminary research supports the use of adjunct exercise interventions for the treatment of trauma. In order to explore the impact of exercise interventions for the treatment of sexual violence, specifically, it is necessary to first come to understand survivors’ experiences of exercise. To better understand the experience of exercise among women survivors of sexual violence, a phenomenological study, informed by a feminist perspective, was conducted with survivors of sexual violence receiving services at a rape crisis center. Data analysis uncovered four themes that capture the survivors’ experience: exercising (and avoiding exercising) fosters safety, exercising is risky, past trauma restricts exercise choices, and exercising is beneficial. Survivors’ choices related to exercise were found to be conscious and deliberate and were impacted by their stage of recovery. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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Kringeland, Tone. "Perspective of risk in childbirth, women’s expressed wishes for mode of delivery and how they actually give birth." Doctoral thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3686.
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Aims: The main aim of this thesis was to study a perspective of women`s expressed wishes for mode of delivery and how they actually give birth. Additional aims were to examine the notion of risk applied to childbirth, to examine what characterizes women who want to give birth as naturally as possible without painkillers or intervention and the characteristics of women who would, if possible, choose to have a cesarean section. Material and methods: The notion of risk was examined in an essay. Self-rating instruments were completed by 55,858 MoBa participants during week 30 of their pregnancy and available from The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) by April, 2007. Individually reported information on socioeconomic factors, lifestyle factors, feelings related to childbirth, factors concerning psychosocial health, physical, psychological and sexual harassment and information on satisfaction with antenatal care health services were collected from a MoBa questionnaire. Data on the mother’s age, parity, physical health before and during the pregnancy, previous cesarean sections and actual mode of delivery were collected through a linkage to the The Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Findings: General perspectives on risk differ depending on both the person and the profession. More and more childbearing women are in danger of being considered deficient and in the danger zone. Figures on risk are not objective values, and the association between risk and security is socially and culturally determined. Personal symbols can be basic assumptions about the life one leads, and the childbearing woman has preferences of her own. Interest in natural childbirth was expressed by 72 percent and a wish for caesarean section was expressed by ten percent of the women. Positive experience from previous childbirths, first birth or third or later birth, no dread of giving birth, and reporting positive intra-psychic phenomena are significantly associated with the wish for natural birth. Negative experiences from previous childbirths and fear of giving birth are two of the strongest factors associated with a wish for a caesarean section.Overall, 47 percent of the women who wanted ”as natural a birth as possible” had their preference fulfilled. The figures differed largely for primiparas and multiparas; the risk of acute caesarean sections was high among primiparas and the effects of the predictors of natural birth were stronger for primiparas than for multiparas. Conclusions:The factors that influence the chance of having a natural birth are different for primiparas and multiparas. The high rate of non-natural births among first time mothers who actually want to have a vaginal birth without interventions should call attention to the increasing incidence of cesarean section in Norway. The chance of actually having a natural birth for women with a preference for a natural birth is much larger for multiparas. Negative experiences from previous childbirths and cesarean section are, however, important factors associated with non-natural birth and should be taken into consideration in public healthMål: Det overordna målet for denne avhandlingen var å studere perspektiv omkring hvordan kvinner uttrykker at de ønsker å føde og hvordan de faktisk føder. I tillegg var målet å undersøke risikobegrepet anvendt innen fødselsomsorg, undersøke hva som karakteriserer kvinner som ønsker å føde så naturlig som mulig uten smertestillende eller intervensjon og undersøke hva som karakteriserer kvinner som ville valgt å ta keisersnitt dersom det var mulig. Materiell og metode: Avhandlingen inkludere fire artikler. Risikobegrepet drøftes i første artikkel som er et essay. De 3 andre inkluderer data fra Den norske mor og barn-undersøkelsen. Data fra 55,858 MoBa informanter var ferdigregistrert april 2007 og omfatter individuell informasjon om sosioøkonomiske faktorer, livsstilsfaktorer, følelser/opplevelser relatert til fødsel, faktorer som omhandler psykososial helse, fysiske, psykiske og seksuelle overgrep og informasjon om tilfredshet med offentlig svangerskapsomsorg. Tidligere keisersnitt og hvordan kvinnene faktisk fødte i dette svangerskapet ble hentet fra en link til Medisinsk Fødselsregister. Funn: Generelt perspektiv på risiko er forskjellig, avhengig av både person og profesjon. Stadig flere gravid/fødekvinner står i fare for å bli betraktet som utsatte/mangelfulle og i faresonen. Kalkulasjoner av risiko er ikke objektive verdier og assosiasjonen mellom risiko og sikkerhet er sosialt og kulturelt bestemt. Subjektive symbol kan være grunnleggende antagelser/forståelser i forhold til det livet en lever og blivende mødre har sine egne preferanser. Syttito prosent av kvinnene uttrykte ønske om å føde så naturlig som mulig og ti prosent av kvinnene ønsket å ta keisersnitt. Positive erfaringer fra tidligere fødsler, det å være førstegangsfødende eller ha født mer en ett barn tidligere, ikke være redd for å føde, samt å rapportere positivt i forhold til intrapsykiske fenomen, er signifikant assosiert med ønske om å føde så naturlig som mulig. Negative erfaringer fra tidligere fødsler og redsel for å føde er de to faktorene som er sterkest assosiert med ønske om keisersnitt. Samlet sett fikk 47 prosent av de kvinnene som ønsket så naturlig fødsel som mulig, oppfylt ønskene sine. Resultatet var svært ulikt mellom førstegangsfødende og fleregangsfødende; risikoen for akutt keisersnitt var høg blant førstegangsfødende og effekten av prediktorene for naturlig fødsel var sterkere i forhold til førstegangsfødende enn for fleregangsfødende. Konklusjon: Faktorene som influerer sjansen til å føde så naturlig som mulig er ulike for førstegangsfødende og for fleregangsfødende. Den høge tallet på fødsler med intervensjon hos førstegangsfødende som egentlig ønsker å føde vaginalt uten intervensjon burde fått større oppmerksomhet. Dette bør også sees i sammenheng med en stadig økende innsidens for keisersnitt i Norge. Muligheten for å få en så naturlig fødsel som mulig er mye større for fleregangsfødende. Negative erfaringer fra tidligere fødsler og tidligere keisersnitt er, likevel, viktige faktorer assosiert med ikke-naturlig fødsel og bør reflekteres over/tas i betraktning i et folkehelseperspektiv.
22
Echmawi, Maria. "Träningsaktiva unga vuxna kvinnors motivationsfaktorer för träning - en kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen Idrottsvetenskap (IDV), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43351.
Full textAbstract:
Today physical activity and exercise are very popular and we are reminded daily how physical activity of various kinds is beneficial for different aspects. The development of society has today created opportunities to be more physically active with, among other things, access to an outdoor gym. At the same time, society has become comfortable with tools and assets that make it easier for humans to get from point to point without much physical activity, such as battery-powered scooters, called VOIs, at the same time research shows reduced physical activity. Motivation is needed to be and remain physically active. This study aims to identify young adult women's internal and external motivating factors for physical activity based on Self-determination Theory (SDT). Of using a qualitative method five young adult student women were selected for an individual interview. The results showed that both internal motivation and external motivation were important for physical activity, except for experience of training and personal factors.Idag är fysik aktivitet och träning väldigt populärt och vi blir dagligen påminda hur fysisk aktivitet av olika slag är gynnsamt för olika aspekter. Samhällets utveckling har idag skapat möjligheter till att lättare vara fysiskt aktiv med bland annat tillgång av ute gym. Samtidigt så har samhället blivit bekväm med redskap och tillgångar som gör det lättare för människan att ta sig från punkt till punkt utan speciellt mycket fysisk aktivitet så som batteristyrda sparkcyklar, VOI, samtidigt visar forskning på minskad fysisk aktivitet. Motivation behövs för att vara och förbli fysisk aktiv. Denna studie syftar till att kartlägga och identifiera unga vuxna kvinnors inre samt yttre motivationsfaktorer till fysisk aktivitet. Utifrån de grundläggande psykologiska behoven från Self-determination Theory har empirin analyserats. Med en kvalitativ metod valdes fem unga vuxna studerande kvinnor till en djupgående individuell intervju. Resultatet visade att både inre motivation och yttre motivation var av betydelse för att vara fysiskt aktiv, med undantag av erfarenhet av träning samt personliga faktorer. Slutsatsen kan dras att välbefinnande av de olika psykologiska behoven, autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet, är betydelsefullt för att skapa och bibehålla motivation.
23
McWilliams, Stephen Thomas. "Exercise and Behavior Change in Adult Women Transitioning into Society: A Documentary Film Analysis." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/281081.
Full textAbstract:
KinesiologyPh.D.
The Role of Film as Persuasive Tool of Social Change: Since the introduction of cinema, both non-fiction and fictional films have been used by film makers, artists, and interest groups to change minds and mold opinions. Documentary films in particular, have a history of being used in a variety of ways to further political causes, raise social or patriotic awareness, or as a call to personal activism. In this project, the use of well designed, aesthetically pleasing documentaries have been advocated for potential use in the field of sport psychology to create awareness of the work of practitioners in order to promote healthy behaviors. Filmmaking can serve the field in a number of creative ways. A recent film is submitted as a demonstration of how a well crafted film can be utilized within the field as both a advocacy piece and an educational resource. There has been a long, historical relationship between sports and film. Throughout cinematic history there have been numerous films, both narrative and documentaries, both about sports or subjects that included sports in their story. Sports lend themselves to narrative and documentary storytelling. As a filmmaker, I was drawn to a story about a non-profit organization, "Gearing Up," which uses a bicycle exercise program to help women in recovery from drug and alcohol addiction. The film explores the effectiveness of a therapeutic model developed by "Gearing Up" founder, Kristin Gavin. The production of the film, and my involvement as the producer and director, inspired me to explore the further use of documentary film as both a classroom teaching tool and a vehicle that can inspire behavioral change.
Temple University--Theses
24
Kowal, John. "Determinants of physical activity behaviour change in a community-based sample of middle-aged women: Integrating concepts from the theory of planned behaviour and self-determination theory." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29223.
Full textAbstract:
Despite numerous benefits associated with regular physical activity, the majority of North American women remain insufficiently active. Accordingly, researchers have examined a multitude of variables associated with women's physical activity participation. Two theoretical frameworks that may be extended to predict women's physical activity behaviour are the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Self-Determination Theory. This thesis examined physical activity behaviour change in a community based-sample of middle-aged women by integrating concepts from these two conceptual frameworks. Specific objectives were (1) to examine the relative influence of social support, TPB variables, and SDT variables on intentions to increase physical activity; (2) to assess the relative influence of intentions and motivation on physical activity behaviour change over time by testing mediating and moderating models; and (3) to examine relationships among barriers, environmental characteristics, and change in physical activity behavior. To these ends, two empirical investigations were conducted. In the first study, French-speaking women (n=109) completed a questionnaire package assessing the aforementioned variables. In the second study, English-speaking women (n=149) complete similar questionnaire packages at baseline and at six months follow-up. All women were recruited from community-based facilities, including community centres and fitness clubs. Overall, results demonstrated that attitudes, perceived behavioural control, subjective norms, and autonomous motivation were associated with intentions to increase physical activity. Intentions were also related to reported physical activity behaviour change over time. Among the most commonly reported barriers to physical activity increase were daily activities and fatigue. Inactive women reported higher levels of barriers than women who remained active or increased their physical activity level over time. Environmental characteristics (e.g., enjoyable scenery and the presence of others exercising) were also associated with change in physical activity behaviour. Collectively, results support the utility of integrating concepts from different theoretical frameworks as a means of understanding physical activity behaviour change and physical activity behaviour change intentions. Findings also suggest a number of ways in which physical activity behaviour change could be fostered in middle-aged women.
25
McWilliams, Stephen Thomas. "BrakingCycles.mp4." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/281082.
Full textAbstract:
KinesiologyPh.D.
The Role of Film as Persuasive Tool of Social Change: Since the introduction of cinema, both non-fiction and fictional films have been used by film makers, artists, and interest groups to change minds and mold opinions. Documentary films in particular, have a history of being used in a variety of ways to further political causes, raise social or patriotic awareness, or as a call to personal activism. In this project, the use of well designed, aesthetically pleasing documentaries have been advocated for potential use in the field of sport psychology to create awareness of the work of practitioners in order to promote healthy behaviors. Filmmaking can serve the field in a number of creative ways. A recent film is submitted as a demonstration of how a well crafted film can be utilized within the field as both a advocacy piece and an educational resource. There has been a long, historical relationship between sports and film. Throughout cinematic history there have been numerous films, both narrative and documentaries, both about sports or subjects that included sports in their story. Sports lend themselves to narrative and documentary storytelling. As a filmmaker, I was drawn to a story about a non-profit organization, "Gearing Up," which uses a bicycle exercise program to help women in recovery from drug and alcohol addiction. The film explores the effectiveness of a therapeutic model developed by "Gearing Up" founder, Kristin Gavin. The production of the film, and my involvement as the producer and director, inspired me to explore the further use of documentary film as both a classroom teaching tool and a vehicle that can inspire behavioral change.
Temple University--Theses
26
Fransson, Elisabeth, and Sandra Kågström. "Unga kvinnors upplevelser av att spela golf på breddidrottsnivå utifrån självbestämmandeteorin." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44110.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med studien var att beskriva och strukturera unga golfspelande kvinnors upplevelser av fortsatt golfspel som breddidrottare baserat på självbestämmandeteorin och de grundläggande psykologiska behoven. Studien var av kvalitativ karaktär där datainsamling genomfördes via åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnor i åldrarna 22 till 33 års ålder (M=26,25, SD=4,97). Intervjuguiden strukturerades utifrån självbestämmandeteorin (Deci & Ryan, 2000a; 2000b) och tidigare studier inom området, exempelvis Williams m.fl. (2012). Datan analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och presenterades utifrån tre teman, kompetens, samhörighet och autonomi. Resultatet visade att deltagarna upplevde att aspekter inom kompetens, exempelvis utvecklingsmöjligheter och samhörighet hade störst positiv inverkan på kvinnors upplevelser av att spela golf på breddidrottsnivå. Inom autonomi var det frivillighet och möjligheten att välja när och var de ville spela som upplevdes vara viktigast för kvinnorna för att fortsätta spela golf. Vidare diskuteras resultatet i relation till tidigare forskning inom området och självbestämmandeteorins motivationskontinuum. Därefter följs det upp med implikationer och slutsatser samt förslag för fortsatt forskning, där det rekommenderas att göra djupare studier kring kvinnors fortsatta golfspel. Det som studien önskar tillföra är mer förståelse för vad kvinnor upplever som viktigt i sitt fortsatta golfspel, vilket ligger i linje med Svenska golfförbundet och PGA of Swedens arbete för att inkludera fler kvinnor i golfen.The purpose of this study was to examine young female golf player’s experiences of continued golfing as a lower-level athlete based on the self-determination theory and the basic psychological needs. The study was based on a qualitative method where data collection was implemented by eight semi-structured interviews with women aged 22 to 33 years old (M=26.25, SD=4.97). The interview-guide was based on the self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000a; 2000b) and previous studies in the field, for example Williams et al. (2012). The data was analysed based on a qualitative content analysis and presented by three themes, competence, belonging and autonomy. The results showed that the participants experienced aspects within competence, for example the opportunity for development and belonging had the greatest positive impact on the women’s experiences of playing golf as a lower-level athlete. In autonomy, it was the free will and the opportunity to choose whenever and wherever they wanted to play that was considered most important for women’s continued golfing. Furthermore, the results were discussed in relation to previous research in the field and the motivational continuum of the self-determination theory. Implications and conclusions along with suggestions for continued research were followed up where recommendations on deeper studies on women’s continued golfing were presented. The study wishes to give more understanding of what women have experienced as important in their continued golfing, which corresponds with what the Swedish Golf Association and the PGA of Sweden are working with to include more women in golf.
27
Larsson, Madelene. "Formal Female Mentoring Relationship as Health Promotion." Licentiate thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-55263.
Full textAbstract:
The transition from adolescence to adulthood can bring with it mental health problems, resulting in reduced mental well-being among young women and an increasing public health issue. Perceived mental health problems can be a major obstacle to personal development and opportunities for becoming established in society. Thus, promotive interventions are needed. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore women’s experience of mentoring relationships as health promotion from the perspectives of both parties in the dyad: the young woman transitioning from adolescence to adulthood (the protégé), and her ten-year-older female mentor. This thesis used a practice-based approach to investigate a group of participants involved in a Swedish non-governmental organization, the Girls Zone. Data collection was conducted including interviews (n = 5) and surveys (n = 52) with female protégés, and interviews with female mentors (n = 12). Study I explored the characteristics of the female protégés and the development of the mentoring relationship, and used mixed methods. Study II, which investigated mentors’ initial motives and the organizational context which enabled the mentors’ engagement, used an explorative qualitative method. This thesis showed that female mentoring relationships seem to have potential to be a health-promoting intervention. A variety of young women were attracted to the mentoring program, and mentorships in line with the perspectives of relational-cultural theory could meet the relationship needs expressed by the female protégés. Further, mentors’ motivations for engaging as mentors were linked to the fulfillment of basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, in accordance with the perspective of self-determination theory.
28
Boateng, John Kwame. "Women's health access and behaviors effects of urban residence, education, self-determination and social supports in Ghana /." 2006. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1587/index.html.
Full text
29
TAUNTON, CARLA JANE. "Performing Resistance/Negotiating Sovereignty: Indigenous Women's Perofrmance Art in Canada." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6803.
Full textAbstract:
Performing Resistance/ Negotiating Sovereignty: Indigenous Women’s Performance Art In Canada investigates the contemporary production of Indigenous performance and video art in Canada in terms of cultural continuance, survivance and resistance. Drawing on critical Indigenous methodology, which foregrounds the necessity of privileging multiple Indigenous systems of knowledge, it explores these themes through the lenses of storytelling, decolonization, activism, and agency. With specific reference to performances by Rebecca Belmore, Lori Blondeau, Cheryl L'Hirondelle, Skeena Reece and Dana Claxton, as well as others, it argues that Indigenous performance art should be understood in terms of i) its enduring relationship to activism and resistance ii) its ongoing use as a tool for interventions in colonially entrenched spaces, and iii) its longstanding role in maintaining self-determination and cultural sovereignty.Thesis (Ph.D, Art History) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-30 09:07:41.999
30
Silverton, Amy Hope. "Reproducibility and reliability of clinic and self blood pressures in middle aged women from diverse ethnic backgrounds." 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/166881760.html.
Full text
31
Furtado, Teresa Veiga. "Videoarte de mulheres: nossos corpos, nós mesmas. Corpo, identidade e autodeterminação nas obras de videoartistas influenciadas pelos feminismos." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/14507.
Full textAbstract:
O
modo
como
os
corpos
das
mulheres
são
afectados
pela
desigualdade
de
género
é
um
problema
social
que
tem
vindo
a
ganhar
visibilidade
crescente
nas
sociedades
ocidentais
desde
os
movimentos
feministas
da
Segunda
Vaga.
Nesse
sentido,
o
lema
feminista
dos
anos
1970
«os
nossos
corpos,
nós
mesmas»
reflecte
a
tomada
de
consciência
das
mulheres
de
que
os
corpos
são
o
produto
da
acção
de
valores
e
práticas
sociais,
bem
como
da
necessidade
de
reclamarem
o
controlo
sobre
os
seus
corpos
para
poderem
formar
livremente
as
suas
identidades,
autodeterminando-‐se
e
criando-‐se
a
si
mesmas
como
Sujeitos.
Quatro
décadas
volvidas,
este
mote
continua
a
ser
recorrente,
mantendo
um
lugar
de
destaque
na
videoarte
de
mulheres.
Tendo
por
pano
de
fundo
uma
linha
orientadora
que
cruza
três
vectores
–
a
arte,
o
género,
e
os
movimentos
sociais
feministas
–,
e
os
seus
pensadores
e
académicos
principais
em
diversos
ramos
da
Sociologia
e
das
Artes
Visuais,
bem
como
das
Humanidades,
construímos
o
objecto
de
estudo,
focado
sobre
as
relações
entre
a
videoarte
de
mulheres
centrada
no
corpo
na
identidade
e
na
autodeterminação,
a
dimensão
de
género
e
os
movimentos
sociais
feministas,
no
período
compreendido
de
1965
a
2007,
num
contexto
ocidental.
A
metodologia
usada
teve
como
objectivo
fundamental
efectuar
a
ponte
entre
o
nível
microssociológico
das
expressões,
condutas
e
gestos
corporais
presentes
nos
vídeos
e
o
plano
macrossociológico
das
forças
sociais
mais
amplas,
institucionalizadas
e
origem
de
desigualdades,
como
as
forças
de
género
e
as
de
«raça».
Nesse
sentido,
socorremo-‐nos
da
análise
de
conteúdo
de
um
conjunto
de
vídeos
por
meio
da
contabilização
de
categorias
análise
de
conteúdo
relativas
às
principais
temáticas
relevantes
para
o
objecto
de
estudo,
como
o
corpo,
a
sexualidade,
a
violência,
o
olhar,
as
incorporações
de
masculinidades
e
de
feminilidades,
o
Sujeito
e
o
Não-‐sujeito.
Concluiu-‐se,
deste
estudo,
que
existe,
seguramente
desde
os
anos
1960,
um
trajecto
que
continua
a
ser
percorrido
nos
nossos
dias,
conduzindo
da
dessubjectivação
das
mulheres
à
sua
subjectivação.
Na
realidade,
verifica-‐se
a
denúncia
das
circunstâncias
em
que
vivem
submetidas
as
mulheres
Não-‐
sujeito,
designadamente:
no
casamento
enquanto
mercantilização
do
trabalho
doméstico
feminino,
físico,
emocional
e
afectivo,
não
remunerado;
na
incorporação
das
normas
patriarcais
de
feminilidade;
na
intersecção
das
desigualdades
de
género
com
as
de
«raça»,
e
as
de
idade;
na
comercialização
e
objectificação
dos
seus
corpos
na
publicidade
e
na
pornografia;
na
violência
de
diversos
tipos,
como
a
sociocultural,
a
sexual
e
a
psicológica,
exercida
contra
as
mulheres.
Nota-‐se,
simultaneamente,
um
movimento
progressivo
em
direcção
às
mulheres
Sujeito,
ilustrado,
por
exemplo:
na
capacidade
de
apresentação
de
uma
narrativa
da
representação
de
si
mesmas
auto-‐
reflexiva
e
coerente;
no
controlo
sobre
a
função
reprodutora
do
seu
corpo;
na
promoção
de
uma
sexualidade
plástica
ligada
à
relação
pura
e
ao
amor
confluente
assente
no
mutualismo,
não
subjugada
à
heterossexualidade,
ao
casamento
e
à
família
nuclear;
no
recombinar
dos
pólos
dicotómicos
e
hierarquizados
em
que
se
baseou
toda
a
modernidade
como
os
da
vida
pública
e
os
da
vida
privada.
Tendo,
neste
momento,
como
oponente
aguerrido
o
neoliberalismo
que
procura
dividir,
desigualar
e
hierarquizar
as
sociedades,
as
mulheres
Sujeito
são,
aliás,
as
actrizes
centrais
de
todo
o
movimento
feminista,
sobretudo
preocupado
até
aos
anos
1980
com
reivindicações
pela
paridade
no
seio
do
que
se
poderá
denominar
de
política
da
emancipação,
tendo
depois
disso
passado
a
um
trabalho
em
prol
de
uma
política
da
vida
e
das
sexualidades
impulsionado
pelo
pensamento
Queer
e
feminismos
da
Terceira
Vaga
32
Loustel, Mary Jane. "Entrepreneurship: a journey of economic self-determination." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4924.
Full textAbstract:
There is an exciting movement afoot in Canada with rapid growth of Aboriginal participation in the economy through business development. Motivated to recover social and economic independence, Aboriginal people are asserting their rights and pressing for self-determination, using various models of development.
In this thesis, economic development through the model of privately-owned enterprise is evaluated considering history, Aboriginal values and a female gender perspective. There is a brief highlight of the history of Aboriginal participation in the economy; the analysis focuses on influences which followed the 1969 Federal Government Statement on Indian Policy, known as The White Paper.
The research in this thesis demonstrates that through privately-owned enterprise, Aboriginal entrepreneurs can assert Aboriginal values within a capital market system that does not easily accommodate personal held values; and through this assertion Aboriginal entrepreneurs can achieve business success, self-determination and contribute positively to social and economic well-being for Aboriginal peoples.
33
Makokis, Janice Alison. "Nehiyaw iskwew kiskinowâtasinahikewina -- paminisowin namôya tipeyimisowin: Cree women learning self determination through sacred teachings of the Creator." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3609.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores self determination through the lens of Cree First Nation members located in northeastern Alberta, Canada. The researcher utilizes the talking circle to explore how Cree leaders define self determination. Four prominent themes; 1) identity and western influences 2) personal transformation 3) searching for nehiyaw pimatsowin and 4) commitment and responsibility evolve from the stories shared. Cree spirituality and the need to involve ‘self’ in ceremony proves to be the foundation upon which Cree self determination is founded. This thesis moves towards, “Learning Self Determination Through the Sacred Embedded Teachings and Responsibilities given to Cree Women by the Creator”.Graduate
34
Mehrpour, Anahita. "A self-determination theory approach to depressive symptoms after marriage: a causal model." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18051.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined post marriage depressive symptoms as related to basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration, as well as significant life stressors. The mediating roles of general purpose in life and marital self-efficacy were also examined. A total of 350 women fulfilling both inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in this research. To collect the data five surveys were used, as well as a demographic questionnaire. Participants responded to the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (Chen et al., 2015); Stressful Life Events Questionnaire (Bergman et al., 2007), Marital Self-Efficacy Scale (Caprara et al., 2004), General Purpose in Life Questionnaire (Byron and Miller-Perrin, 2009), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Revised (Eaton et al., 2004). Results from structural equation modeling analysis indicated that general purpose in life fully mediated the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction, basic psychological needs frustration, and the depressive symptoms. Basic
psychological needs frustration has shown the strongest direct effect on depressive symptoms.
Additionally, although marital self-efficacy showed a significant relationship with basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration, it did not mediate their relationship with depressive symptoms. Surprisingly, the significant life stressors were found not to be correlated with any of the key variables. The combination of basic psychological needs satisfaction and basic psychological needs frustration accounted for 60% of the variance in General purpose in life. Also, the combination of the variances explained 21% variance of marital self-efficacy. Overall, the model accounted for 67% of the variance in depressive symptoms after marriage. Results suggest that self-determination theory, as it claims, explains both well-being and psychopathology, as well as the interpersonal context reasonably. Also, the prevalence of depressive symptoms after
marriage is a factor worth considering while studying the psychopathology of interpersonal relationships.
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Gustavson, Kristen W. "Self-determination theory and college women : the relationship between competence, relatedness and autonomy, and well-being /." 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3214507.
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Gray, Samantha Michelle. "Feasibility randomized control trial of physical activity in women aged 55-70 years: a mixed-methods self-determination theory study of dancing and walking." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7671.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Physical activity (PA) is a health protective behaviour that is critical in the reduction of most major chronic diseases. It also provides the participant with psychological benefits. Despite its well-established health benefits, PA engagement is low in the adult population. Women over the age of 60 are the least physically active segment and thus an important target for behaviour change interventions. Objective: The purpose of this mixed methods feasibility study was to explore the feasibility of six-week Self-Determination Theory (SDT)-based dance and walking programs for older women. Design: This was a parallel, randomized controlled trial with three groups: dance, walking, and wait-list control. This study included the sequential collection of quantitative then qualitative data (sequential explanatory design). Setting: This study was conducted in Victoria, BC. Participants: Participants were community-dwelling, English-speaking women aged 55-70 years who were not meeting PA guidelines. Methods: Data were collected at baseline and two endpoints: post-intervention at six weeks and follow-up at 12 weeks. The primary outcomes were feasibility measures: recruitment, intervention adherence, retention, and satisfaction. Survey data included self-reported PA (Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire) and measures of behavioural regulations and psychological needs (SDT constructs) using validated tools (Behavioural Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2 and Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise Scale). Qualitative data were collected in the form of open- and close-ended program evaluation questions and during focus group interviews, both occurring at post-intervention (six weeks). Results: The feasibility measures suggest that it is feasible to recruit and retain participants and that they were generally satisfied with the programs. Thirty-five of 37 randomized participants completed the study (mean age ± SD = 62.8 ± 4.8), representing a 39% recruitment rate and 95% retention rate. Both programs were highly attended. Exploratory effect sizes for the quantitative measures were promising for conducting a larger-scale trial. Emergent themes highlighted the importance of the leadership component of the group-based PA programs. Conclusion: This study had high protocol adherence, promising effect sizes, program evaluation satisfaction, and a recreation centre took on the dance program; these factors provide a foundation for expanding this feasibility trial to a full-scale study.Graduate
2017-12-01
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Moshupi, Maphoko Matilda. "Career development experiences of women in senior leadership positions within civil engineering industry." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10193.
Full textAbstract:
The paucity of women in senior leadership positions as indicated in the Business Women Association of South Africa 2011 census corroborates that gender equality is still a concerning issue even in the democratic era that we live in. This study explores career developmental experiences of women in senior leadership position in the civil engineering industry. The primary objective was to investigate how these professional women were managing their careers and what career experiences contributed to their ascent to the senior echelons of management. Meaning to the career experiences of these women had been given according to the self-determination theory. By means of purposive selection, seven women at senior management level were selected from both the private and public sectors in the civil engineering industry. Based on the semi-structured interviews conducted, personal documents reviewed and footnotes recorded; it was evident that there were different factors that had facilitated the ascent of these women to senior positions. Their career experiences were also characterised by challenges that subsequently instigated the development of coping strategies and methods. The study has implications for organisations in civil engineering that wish to attract and retain women from generations to come.Psychology
M.A. (Psychology)