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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wise Electric Cooperatives

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Academic literature on the topic 'Wise Electric Cooperatives'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Wise Electric Cooperatives"

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Park, Jeonghun, Namyoon Lee, and Robert W. Heath. "Cooperative Base Station Coloring for Pair-Wise Multi-Cell Coordination." IEEE Transactions on Communications 64, no. 1 (January 2016): 402–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2015.2495355.

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Xue, Hui, Tao Zhang, Rui Wang, and Xinghua Liu. "Cooperative Multitask Planning Strategies for Integrated RF Systems Aboard UAVs." Electronics 12, no. 12 (June 6, 2023): 2565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122565.

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Limited by the load capacity of UAVs, it is difficult for an integrated radio frequency (RF) system aboard a single platform to have both wide-area and comprehensive battlefield sensing capabilities. One possible approach to solve this dilemma is to use multiple UAVs to perceive the scene cooperatively and simultaneously. To this end, this paper mainly discusses the cooperative task planning strategies facing cooperative UAVs with integrated RF systems when performing several tasks simultaneously. First, considering the complexity of the planning problem, the physical model for UAV formation cooperation is discussed. Then, based on the irregular and ad hoc characteristics of cooperative UAV networks, the essential compositions for UAVs cooperation are formulated that includes input information and planning constraints as well as evaluation indicators. Furthermore, to solve the given task planning problem, four new planning strategies are targeted designed for different planning purposes. Finally, a simulated cooperative UAV multitask planning scenario including cooperative detection, cooperative localization, and jamming is designed. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of these strategies as well as their advantages, disadvantages, and the multiscenario adaptability of each strategy.

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Zhao, Zhouqiao, Guoyuan Wu, and Matthew Barth. "Corridor-Wise Eco-Friendly Cooperative Ramp Management System for Connected and Automated Vehicles." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 8557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158557.

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Safety, mobility, and environmental sustainability are three fundamental issues that our transportation system has been confronting for decades. Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) aim to address these problems by leveraging disruptive technologies, such as connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). The cooperative potential of CAVs enable more efficient maneuvers and operation of a group of vehicles, or even the entire traffic system. In addition, CAVs may couple with other emerging technologies such as electrification to boost overall system performance and to further mitigate the aforementioned issues. In this study, we propose a hierarchical eco-friendly cooperative ramp management system, where macroscopically, a stratified ramp metering algorithm, is deployed to coordinate all of the ramp inflow rates along a corridor according to the real-time traffic condition; microscopically, a model predictive control (MPC)-based algorithm is designed for the detailed speed control of individual CAVs. Using the shared information from CAVs, the proposed ramp management system can smooth traffic flow, improve system mobility, and decrease the energy consumption of the network. Moreover, traffic simulation has been conducted using PTV VISSIM under various congestion levels for vehicles with different powertrain types, i.e., an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. Compared to conventional ramp metering, the proposed ramp management system may improve mobility by 48.6–56.7% and save energy by 24.0–35.1%. Compared to no control scenarios, savings in travel time and energy consumption are in the ranges of 79.4–89.1% and 0.8–2.5%, respectively.

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Wang, Tai, Shih Chang, and Hsiao-Chun Wu. "Optimal energy-efficient pair-wise cooperative transmission scheme for wimax mesh networks." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 27, no. 2 (February 2009): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2009.090210.

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Khodakhah, Farnaz, Aamir Mahmood, Patrik Österberg, and Mikael Gidlund. "Multiple Access-Enabled Relaying with Piece-Wise and Forward NOMA: Rate Optimization under Reliability Constraints." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 13, 2021): 4783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144783.

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The increasing proliferation of Internet-of-things (IoT) networks in a given space requires exploring various communication solutions (e.g., cooperative relaying, non-orthogonal multiple access, spectrum sharing) jointly to increase the performance of coexisting IoT systems. However, the design complexity of such a system increases, especially under the constraints of performance targets. In this respect, this paper studies multiple-access enabled relaying by a lower-priority secondary system, which cooperatively relays the incoming information to the primary users and simultaneously transmits its own data. We consider that the direct link between the primary transmitter–receiver pair uses orthogonal multiple access in the first phase. In the second phase, a secondary transmitter adopts a relaying strategy to support the direct link while it uses non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to serve the secondary receiver. As a relaying scheme, we propose a piece-wise and forward (PF) relay protocol, which, depending on the absolute value of the received primary signal, acts similar to decode-and-forward (DF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) schemes in high and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), respectively. By doing so, PF achieves the best of these two relaying protocols using the adaptive threshold according to the transmitter-relay channel condition. Under PF-NOMA, first, we find the achievable rate region for primary and secondary receivers, and then we formulate an optimization problem to derive the optimal PF-NOMA time and power fraction that maximize the secondary rate subject to reliability constraints on both the primary and the secondary links. Our simulation results and analysis show that the PF-NOMA outperforms DF-NOMA and AF-NOMA-based relaying techniques in terms of achievable rate regions and rate-guaranteed relay locations.

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Hutson, Ross B., William R. Milner, Lingfeng Yan, Jun Ye, and Christian Sanner. "Observation of millihertz-level cooperative Lamb shifts in an optical atomic clock." Science 383, no. 6681 (January 26, 2024): 384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adh4477.

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Collective couplings of atomic dipoles to a shared electromagnetic environment produce a wide range of many-body phenomena. We report on the direct observation of resonant electric dipole-dipole interactions in a cubic array of atoms in the many-excitation limit. The interactions produce spatially dependent cooperative Lamb shifts when spectroscopically interrogating the millihertz-wide optical clock transition in strontium-87. We show that the ensemble-averaged shifts can be suppressed below the level of evaluated systematic uncertainties for optical atomic clocks. Additionally, we demonstrate that excitation of the atomic dipoles near a Bragg angle can enhance these effects by nearly an order of magnitude compared with nonresonant geometries. Our work demonstrates a platform for precise studies of the quantum many-body physics of spins with long-range interactions mediated by propagating photons.

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Tran, Xuan Nam, Van-Phuc Hoang, and Ba Cao Nguyen. "Combining RF energy harvesting and cooperative communications for low-power wide-area systems." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 139 (September 2021): 153909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153909.

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Guo, Jiang, Mei Wu, Kai Kai Gu, Yi Xin Wang, and Xiang Ping Zhao. "Research on Cooperative Maintenance Decision System for Power Plant." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 6992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.6992.

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The cooperative maintenance is carried out of China's electric power system, an important research topic, how to achieve wide-area collaboration maintenance decision is one of the forefront research tasks in the maintenance field. In order to solve the knowledge resource sharing and utilization in the plants maintenance field, on the basis of analyzing the current status and needs of the maintenance network, to achieve the object of swarm cooperative maintenance decision-making, we have established the collaborative maintenance decision system, is supported by multi-knowledge, multi-method, multi-resource, multi-information based on knowledge grid, and also have investigated the knowledge modeling approach. Resource nodes open mutually, share resource information and by the unified management and scheduling of the knowledge grid platform, coordination between each other, provide the necessary services for different power plants, manufacturers and research institutes. That is beneficial to enhancing the diagnosis standards and treatment ability of the maintenance decision system, reducing the diagnosis and maintenance costs, and improving the diagnosis efficiency.

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Chételat, Olivier, Michaël Rapin, Benjamin Bonnal, André Fivaz, Josias Wacker, and Benjamin Sporrer. "Remotely Powered Two-Wire Cooperative Sensors for Biopotential Imaging Wearables." Sensors 22, no. 21 (October 27, 2022): 8219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218219.

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Biopotential imaging (e.g., ECGi, EEGi, EMGi) processes multiple potential signals, each requiring an electrode applied to the body’s skin. Conventional approaches based on individual wiring of each electrode are not suitable for wearable systems. Cooperative sensors solve the wiring problem since they consist of active (dry) electrodes connected by a two-wire parallel bus that can be implemented, for example, as a textile spacer with both sides made conductive. As a result, the cumbersome wiring of the classical star arrangement is replaced by a seamless solution. Previous work has shown that potential reference, current return, synchronization, and data transfer functions can all be implemented on a two-wire parallel bus while keeping the noise of the measured biopotentials within the limits specified by medical standards. We present the addition of the power supply function to the two-wire bus. Two approaches are discussed. One of them has been implemented with commercially available components and the other with an ASIC. Initial experimental results show that both approaches are feasible, but the ASIC approach better addresses medical safety concerns and offers other advantages, such as lower power consumption, more sensors on the two-wire bus, and smaller size.

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Giovanini, R., K. Hopkinson, D. V. Coury, and J. S. Thorp. "A Primary and Backup Cooperative Protection System Based on Wide Area Agents." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 21, no. 3 (July 2006): 1222–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2006.876984.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wise Electric Cooperatives"

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Bu, Yunong, Qingxi Chi, and Mingrui Hao. "Design of Cooperative Combat Task Architecture for Unknown Wide Area Cluster Reconnaissance and Strike." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 2549–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8155-7_214.

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Theilmann, Wolfgang, and Kurt Rothermel. "Domain experts for information retrieval in the World Wide Web." In Cooperative Information Agents II Learning, Mobility and Electronic Commerce for Information Discovery on the Internet, 216–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0053687.

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La Bella, Alessio. "Optimization-Based Control of Microgrids for Ancillary Services Provision and Islanded Operation." In Special Topics in Information Technology, 129–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62476-7_12.

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AbstractThe ongoing environmental crisis is pushing the electrical sector towards a radical transformation, as the wide diffusion of renewable sources requires the power system to be more distributed, cooperative, and flexible, being each portion of the grid now able to produce and absorb power. This poses much more coordination challenges with respect to the traditional centralized system, largely sustained by fully controllable fossil-based power plants. In this context, microgrids, i.e. intelligent small-scale grids equipped with distributed energy resources and smart loads, are considered as the fundamental bricks of this future paradigm. This is due to the opportunity of coordinating co-located sources and loads, and to the microgrids extreme flexibility, as they can be operated either connected to the main grid or in islanded mode. The contribution of this doctoral research consists in the design of dedicated control architectures for ensuring the efficient and secure operation of microgrids in these two modes, characterized by different challenges and opportunities.

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Fortino, Giancarlo, and Libero Nigro. "Collaborative Learning On-Demand on the Internet Mbone." In Usability Evaluation of Online Learning Programs, 40–68. IGI Global, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-105-6.ch003.

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The ubiquity of the Internet potentially allows delivering a variety of electronic learning contents to a wide audience. This work proposes a new online learning paradigm, namely, collaborative learning on-demand (CLoD), and its supporting technology. The CLoD paradigm enables a group of workmates to on-demand request and watch the playback of an archived multimedia session for the purpose of collaborating and cooperatively constructing knowledge. CLoD is featured by cooperative playback systems, which are networked infrastructures providing collaborative media on-demand services. The chapter also details our MBone-based cooperative playback system, ViCROC, and presents an investigation of its usability.

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Nazir, Tawfeeq. "Special Library Consortia." In Library Science and Administration, 1579–604. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3914-8.ch074.

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Due to increase in costs, proliferation of electronic resources and dwindling library budgets, cooperative e-acquisition has become a compelling proposition in a library consortium environment. The user community also has been greatly influenced by newer technologies facilitating seamless access to information. Users demand to have a wide array of electronic information services. As such, the current library scenario has reached a critical mass both in terms of e-products as well as increased number of virtual users. Due to journal crisis, and cuts in library budgets, the special library professionals are forced to come together in forming a consortium for subscription of e-journals. This chapter provides an outlook of special library consortia in India and the rest of the world.

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Nazir, Tawfeeq. "Special Library Consortia." In Advances in Library and Information Science, 78–111. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9542-9.ch004.

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Due to increase in costs, proliferation of electronic resources and dwindling library budgets, cooperative e-acquisition has become a compelling proposition in a library consortium environment. The user community also has been greatly influenced by newer technologies facilitating seamless access to information. Users demand to have a wide array of electronic information services. As such, the current library scenario has reached a critical mass both in terms of e-products as well as increased number of virtual users. Due to journal crisis, and cuts in library budgets, the special library professionals are forced to come together in forming a consortium for subscription of e-journals. This chapter provides an outlook of special library consortia in India and the rest of the world.

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Oiry, Ewan. "Collaborative Technologies, Applications, and Uses." In E-Collaboration, 352–60. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-652-5.ch027.

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Is it still possible to draw up a state of arts about collaborative technologies? For 20 years now, reflections on these technologies have become the subject of ascientific discipline in its own right: computer supported cooperative work (CSCW). Since this term was fashioned in 1984 by Irene Greif and Paul M. Cashman, research scientists of extremely diverse disciplinary origins (i.e., ergonomics, psychology, linguistics, sociology, etc.) have invested in research which has been presented in a large number of conferences (the main one being the biannual “CSCW” conference which spawned a “sister” conference in Europe called “ECSCW”), in a specialist magazine (CSCW), in dozens of books, and hundreds of articles. CSCW covers a wide range of works whose state of arts begins to be a bit difficult to draw. In spite of all those works, uses of collaborative technologies continue to be a major issue in developing electronic human resource management (e-HRM). In fact, developing cooperation among employees is often an objective of e-HRM, but, as in other domains of firms, those technologies are generally under-used in comparison with what is waiting before their implementation. In this article, we develop the idea that a better understanding of how we can precisely define “uses” and how they appear—or not—is necessary to understand this phenomenon of under-use. In the first part of this article, we will precise the main dimensions of the collaborative technologies field. In a second part, we will present the most recent development of this reflection, which can be considered as one major basis for future works in this discipline.

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Oiry, Ewan. "Collaborative Technologies, Applications, and Uses." In Encyclopedia of Human Resources Information Systems, 136–41. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-883-3.ch020.

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Is it still possible to draw up a state of arts about collaborative technologies? For 20 years now, reflections on these technologies have become the subject of ascientific discipline in its own right: computer supported cooperative work (CSCW). Since this term was fashioned in 1984 by Irene Greif and Paul M. Cashman, research scientists of extremely diverse disciplinary origins (i.e., ergonomics, psychology, linguistics, sociology, etc.) have invested in research which has been presented in a large number of conferences (the main one being the biannual “CSCW” conference which spawned a “sister” conference in Europe called “ECSCW”), in a specialist magazine (CSCW), in dozens of books, and hundreds of articles. CSCW covers a wide range of works whose state of arts begins to be a bit difficult to draw. In spite of all those works, uses of collaborative technologies continue to be a major issue in developing electronic human resource management (e-HRM). In fact, developing cooperation among employees is often an objective of e-HRM, but, as in other domains of firms, those technologies are generally under-used in comparison with what is waiting before their implementation. In this article, we develop the idea that a better understanding of how we can precisely define “uses” and how they appear—or not—is necessary to understand this phenomenon of under-use. In the first part of this article, we will precise the main dimensions of the collaborative technologies field. In a second part, we will present the most recent development of this reflection, which can be considered as one major basis for future works in this discipline.

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Zahorulko, Andrii, and Aleksey Zagorulko. "INNOVATIVE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FUNCTIONAL ORGANIC SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS OF A HIGH STAGE OF READINESS ON THE BASIS OF LOW-TEMPERATURE HEAT AND MASS EXCHANGE EQUIPMENT." In Traditional and innovative approaches to scientific research: theory, methodology, practice. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-241-8-2.

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One of the main tasks of the food industry is the full provision of consumer cooperatives with high-quality functional food products, one of the main sources of production of which is fruit and berry raw materials. To create an assortment of such products, it is necessary to search for innovative measures to intensify heat and mass transfer processes for the production of high-quality products. The aim of the study is a scientific and practical substantiation of the effectiveness of using the developed innovative method for the production of organic functional semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness with a wide range of uses in the processing, manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries through the use of modern low-temperature heat and mass transfer equipment. The implementation of the aim will allow not only to expand the range of food products with a balanced content of physiologically functional ingredients, but also to create a resource-efficient technical complex for the production of such products. To select the optimal recipe for blending fruit and berry raw materials into functional products with predictable structural and mechanical properties and color formation, a reasonable analysis of the initial properties of fruit and vegetable raw materials was carried out: Jerusalem artichoke, chokeberry, sea buckthorn, beetroot, pumpkin. As a result, a technological process was developed for the production of blended functional fruit and berry concentrated and dried products with the optimal prescription content of fruit and vegetable puree components: Jerusalem artichoke – 20%, black chokeberry – 20%, sea buckthorn – 25%, beetroot – 20% and pumpkin. The developed technology is distinguished by the use of gentle temperature conditions during concentration and drying, which occur on the developed rotary evaporator and thermoradiation drum dryer using a flexible film resistive radiant electric heater for heating. The developed equipment provides a gentle processing mode of 45...60 °C, which contributes to the production of high-quality semi-finished products with maximum preservation of physiologically functional ingredients. The obtained technology for the production of fruit and vegetable semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness will expand the range of functional products of high quality for health purposes.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wise Electric Cooperatives"

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Torcheboeuf, Nicolas, Valentin Mitev, Laurent Balet, Philippe Renevey, Michel Krakowski, Patrick Resneau, Alexandre Larrue, et al. "Ultra-Short Pulse Non-Classical Light Emitters Utilizing Multiple Wide Quantum Wells." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jth3a.61.

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We report a novel ultra-short pulse emitter utilizing transient charge carrier behavior and cooperative emission in multiple wide-quantum-well heterostructures. Its optical cavity reassembles a tandem-cavity laser diode with electroabsorber section surrounded by two gain sections. With selection of the electrical pump pulse and the absorber voltage, due to quantum-confined Stark effect in wide quantum well, it is possible to spatially pull the electrons and holes apart from each other. When the pump bias is removed, an ultra-short pulse due to cooperative recombination of electrons and holes emerges. We demonstrate that such cooperative superradiance produces non-classical high-order correlations in the emitted light while Wigner function of the state reveals quantum oscillations.

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Upadhyay, Manisha A., and D. K. Kothari. "Partner selection and resource exchange in cooperative network." In 2015 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiecon-ece.2015.7443892.

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Soumya, S., and K. R. Guruprasad. "Model-based distributed cooperative control of a robotic manipulator." In 2015 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiecon-ece.2015.7443926.

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Shyleshchandra Gudihatti, K. N., R. Tanuja, S. H. Manjula, and Venugopal K. R. "E2-CL:Energy Efficient Cooperative Localization in Cognitive Radio Network." In 2019 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiecon-ece48653.2019.9019913.

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Lohani, Sudha, Shankhanaad Mallick, Ekram Hossain, and Vijay K. Bhargava. "Resource allocation in OFDMA-based wireless-powered cooperative sensor networks." In 2015 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiecon-ece.2015.7444000.

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Nagul, Shribala. "Capitalizing on QoS and performance evaluation of cooperative spectrum sensing." In 2019 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiecon-ece48653.2019.9019962.

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Hamade, R. F., and N. Ghaddar. "Mechanical Engineering Tools: A Problem-Based, Introductory Design Course at the American University of Beirut." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10196.

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Given the prevailing trend of ever decreasing number of required credits, this course solves one of the thorny issues which engineering departments encounter while developing curricula: to teach or not to teach ‘tools’. Those ‘tools of the trade’ include some truly ‘enabling technologies’ comprised of such ‘soft tools’ as CAD/CAM, MATLAB, project planning, controls and of ‘hard tools’ such as reverse engineering, assembly, machine shop fabrication processes, and printed circuit board technology. This course, ME Tools, was introduced in order to offer a viable platform which helps introduce the freshman mechanical engineering student to some of these ‘tools’ in a problem-based context. This goal is met via course organization and prevailing practices conducive to ‘active learning’ via activities and structure typically associated with collaborative and cooperative learning methods. ME Tools climaxes in a 5-event contest during which custom electric microcars are put to action in what is known around the American University of Beirut (AUB) campus as the ‘Gee Whiz contest’. Furthermore, and since the course activities revolve around one central theme, designing and racing an electric microcar, the true integral nature of this course is authenticated and revealed via this problem-based learning approach. This is accomplished as a team effort where teamwork experience and communication skills are highly stressed and practiced. The teams are organized so that the student team members are assigned to one of four functions: manager, systems engineer, analyst, and detail designer. The manner by which the students are assigned to one of these functions is done based on the students’ responses to a short (20 questions) questionnaire designed for this purpose. Assessment wise, grading of certain course grade components is mapped to the specific learning outcomes based on the cooperative, collaborative, and problem-based learning methods.

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Ghosh, Subha, Debashis De, and Priti Deb. "E2Beam: Energy Efficient Beam Allocation in 5G HetNet using Cooperative Game." In 2020 IEEE International Women in Engineering (WIE) Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wiecon-ece52138.2020.9397978.

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Kukimoto, Hiroshi. "Overview - Blue-Green Semiconductor LED/Laser Work in Japan." In Compact Blue-Green Lasers. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cbgl.1992.thc2.

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The research in Japan on the wide-bandgap materials for short-wavelength light emitting devices based on modem growth techniques of MOVPE and MBE started in early 1980s. The first attempt to organize a cooperative research system for wide-gap semiconductors in Japan can be traced back to the year 1984, when about 20 university research groups which had already been engaged in research on wide-gap II-VI materials gathered and started to make plans for joint research. This was followed by a three-year period research project on the property control of compound semiconductors, especially of II-VI, wide-gap III-V and I-III-VI2 materials, within a priority area research program for "New Functionality Materials - Design, Preparation and Control", which started in 1987 under support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture. It was renewed in 1990 as an advanced project for additional three years, and since then it has been running with emphasis on atomic-scale control of crystal growth, control of localized electronic states, creation of new optical functionality, quantum structures and new properties, and control of material properties for new optical devices. Under the project, the growth of wide-gap II-VIs, especially of ZnSe and related alloys and superlattices has been very actively studied in many university laboratories.

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Kweon, G., G. Beadie, and N. M. Lawandy. "Pyroelectric detection of light beams using a phase transition in guest–host compounds." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.mhh7.

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Because of their relative ease of fabrication, β-quinol clath-rates are one of the most studied among non- stoichiometric inclusion compounds. (quinol)3(CH3OH) x with x close to 1 has shown1 spontaneous polarization at a critical temperature near 66 K accompanying induced voltage across the sample. During the phase transition, the enclathrated methanol undergoes a sudden cooperative re-orientation during which the angle between the methanol C–O bond and the crystallographic C-axis changes discontinuously. This produces a large pyroelectric coefficient for high occupancy methanol clathrates, which suggests the possibility for a sensitive bolometer. We report on experiments where a clathrate connected by two electrical leads inside a He Dewar and held just below the transition temperature is exposed to laser radiation. By observing the voltage change, we can detect a wide range of IR and FIR wavelengths by using CO2-pumped superradiated FIR and Nd:YAG lasers. By keeping the sample size and the temperature gap small, the detector can be made very sensitive to incoming radiation.

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