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Hur, Sunghoon, Hyun Soo Kim, and Hyun-Cheol Song. "Ultrasound Mediated Wireless Power Transfer Technology." Ceramist 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 314–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31613/ceramist.2021.24.3.05.
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Wireless energy transfer (WET) is the transmission of electric power without any physical connections such as wires. Currently, inductive coupling mediated by electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most common method of WET and is widely used to charge portable devices such as smartphones, Bluetooth earphones, electric shavers, and visual prostheses. However, its application is still limited due to a number of issues including low efficiency, short charging distance, heating problem, and limited choice of transmission medium. Due to these issues, EM-based WET cannot be applied to implantable medical devices, marine cable operation sensors, and electronic devices with electromagnetic interference shielding. Recently, as an alternative to EM-based WET, acoustic energy transfer mediated by sound waves becomes more attractive. Ultrasound offers advantages for transmission in dense media such as liquids or solids and is regardless of electromagnetic shielding. In this review, we investigate recent progress in acoustic power transfer technology in terms of acoustic energy conversion mechanism and provide the future research direction of acoustic power transfer technology.
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Pan, Yong, Qin Molin, Tengxiao Guo, Lin Zhang, Bingqing Cao, Junchao Yang, Wen Wang, and Xufeng Xue. "Wireless passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology in gas sensing." Sensor Review 41, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2020-0061.
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Purpose This paper aims to give an overview about the state of wireless passive surface acoustic wave (SAW) gas sensor used in the detection of chemical vapor. It also discusses a variety of different architectures including delay line and array sensor for gas detection, and it is considered that this technology has a good application prospect. Design/methodology/approach The authors state the most of the wireless passive SAW methods used in gas sensing, such as CO2, CO, CH4, C2H4, NH3, NO2, et al., the sensor principles, design procedures and technological issues are discussed in detail; their advantages and disadvantages are also summarized. In conclusion, it gives a prospect of wireless passive SAW sensor applications and proposes the future research field might lie in the studying of many kinds of harmful gases. Findings In this paper, the authors will try to cover most of the important methods used in gas sensing and their recent developments. Although wireless passive SAW sensors have been used successfully in harsh environments for the monitoring of temperature or pressure, the using in chemical gases are seldom reported. This review paper gives a survey of the present state of wireless passive SAW sensor in gas detection and suggests new and exciting perspectives of wireless passive SAW gas sensor technology. Research limitations/implications The authors will review most of the methods used in wireless passive SAW sensor and discuss the current research status and development trend; the potential application in future is also forecasted. Originality/value The authors will review most of the methods used in wireless passive SAW sensor and discuss the current research status and development trend; the potential application in future is also forecasted.
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Schaechtle, Thomas, Taimur Aftab, Leonhard M. Reindl, and Stefan J. Rupitsch. "Wireless Passive Sensor Technology through Electrically Conductive Media over an Acoustic Channel." Sensors 23, no. 4 (February 11, 2023): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042043.
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Hydrogen-based technologies provide a potential route to more climate-friendly mobility in the automotive and aviation industries. High-pressure tanks consisting of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are exploited for the storage of compressed hydrogen and have to be monitored for safe and long-term operation. Since neither wired sensors nor wireless radio technology can be used inside these tanks, acoustic communication through the hull of the tank has been the subject of research in recent years. In this paper, we present for the first time a passive wireless sensor technology exploiting an ultrasonic communication channel through an electrically conductive transmission medium with an analog resonant sensor featuring a high quality factor. The instrumentation system comprised a readout unit outside and a passive sensor node inside the tank, coupled with geometrically opposing electromechanical transducers. The readout unit wirelessly excited a resonant sensor, whose temperature-dependent resonance frequency was extracted from the backscattered signal. This paper provides a description of the underlying passive sensor technology and characterizes the electric impedances and acoustic transmission as an electrical 2-Port to design a functional measurement setup. We demonstrated a wireless temperature measurement through a 10 mm CFRP plate in its full operable temperature range from −40 to 110 °C with a resolution of less than 1 mK.
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Okumura, Ryota, Hiroyuki Fukumoto, Yosuke Fujino, Seiji Ohmori, and Yuya Ito. "Underwater Acoustic Communication Technology for Wireless Remotely Operated Vehicles." NTT Technical Review 21, no. 8 (August 2023): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53829/ntr202308fa1.
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Majeed, Ishrat, and Er Jasdeep Singh. "Design and Performance Analysis of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 294–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40599.
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Abstract: The underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) is essential for exploration missions and observation in demanding environments. The UASN'S connection route is acoustic waves, which limits its usefulness in comparison to ground sensor networks. This is the case because to its limited capacity, latency, and significant route loss. This article provides comprehensive research of the characteristics of UASN. We explore the functionality of underwater acoustic ad-hoc networks in the presence of disruptions. RF signals are used as a communication mechanism in wireless sensor networks, both terrestrial and aerial. However, in a sub-sea setting, such as deep-sea research, detecting and transmitting data needs a completely different method to underwater communication. The fact that the seas cover 70% of the earth's surface and contain massive amounts of unexplored riches cannot be ignored. The aquatic environment has largely escaped the effects of recent breakthroughs in wireless sensor networks (WSNS) and their broad application in latest studies and economic progress. Research on underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNS) is developing at a snail's pace due to the difficulties in transferring most of the state-of-the-art of land and air based WSNS to its aquatic equivalent. The bulk of underwater activities rely on acoustic communication and specialized sensors that can endure the harsh environment of the oceans. The purpose of this study is to investigate how UASN works in different situations. End-to-end latency and energy consumption are examined in response to a variety of factors. We also investigate how well underwater acoustic ad-hoc networks perform when nodes are dispersed, and the network is large. Keywords: Under water Acoustics, Sensor, Wireless Sensor Networks, Energy Consumptions.
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Joshi, P. K., K. R. Latwe, and M. A. Hasamnis. "Analysis and Enhancement of Q-Factor in Thin-Film Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonator (FBAR)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2273, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2273/1/012010.
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Abstract In MEMS technology, MEMS Resonators has shown high potential applications in wireless communications such as Bluetooth and WIFI range. The Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Resonator is a device which has more potential to meet the needs of today’s wireless technology. The Acoustic wave technology has attracted more attention and it’s an effective solution for achieving high-performance RF filters applications due to its low cost and small size of the device. The performance analysis of thin film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) by varying different piezoelectric material, piezoelectric material’s thickness and electrode materials is demonstrated in this paper. It is understood that the Quality factor is considerable higher for AlN as compared to ZnO and LiNbO3. Among all the materials, Aluminium electrode achieved maximum quality factor. As the thickness of piezo material decreases, it is found that the resonant frequency and Quality factor increases. Along with the Quality Factor, the top and bottom electrode thickness has a significant impact on the resonant frequency.
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Zhu, Yun Hang, and Zhi Hui Deng. "The Application of RAKE Receiving Technology in the Underwater SS Communication." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 4248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.4248.
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In recent years, the strategic significance of the oceans is growing as well as its research and development needs. The underwater wireless communication is becoming more and more important. The underwater acoustic communication is one of the few mediums which can conduct the underwater transmission over a long distance, and the multipath effect is the major obstacle of affecting the systems high speed and high reliability. The characteristics of underwater acoustic fading and coherent multi-path channel are studied, and the model of underwater acoustic spreading spectrum (SS) communication system is established. The affect of coding technique on the systems performance are analyzed in detail. The improved RAKE receiving technical solution is put forward, whose simulation analysis and data in different combining ways are given. It is proved that the scheme can better solve the problem of multipath interference in underwater acoustic transmission.
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Soderi, S. "Acoustic-Based Security: A Key Enabling Technology for Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Wireless Information Networks 27, no. 1 (November 13, 2019): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10776-019-00473-4.
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He, Jun, Jie Li, Xiaowu Zhu, Shangkun Xiong, and Fangjiong Chen. "Design and Analysis of an Optical–Acoustic Cooperative Communication System for an Underwater Remote-Operated Vehicle." Applied Sciences 12, no. 11 (May 30, 2022): 5533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12115533.
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Underwater wireless communication technology plays a key role in the field of marine equipment technology. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate an underwater optical–acoustic cooperative communication platform for an underwater wireless data transmission system. The system utilizes an underwater Remote-Operated Vehicle (ROV) as a carrier, equipped with LEDbased optical communication and acoustic communication modems. In particular, the system applies optical communication to transmit large-scale data and applies acoustic communication to provide acoustic-assisted signaling exchange before optical transmission and Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) during optical transmission. By experimentally measuring the transmission distance under different water quality conditions, we found that the system can achieve a data rate of up to 5 Mb/s over a laboratory underwater channel of 7.6 m. By comparing the attenuation coefficients for the outdoor underwater environment with that in clear seawater, we estimate that the achievable link distance in clear seawater can reach 11 m with a data rate of 3.125 MB/s. The proposed system takes both implementation complexity and cost into consideration and also provides significant guidance for future real-time high-speed underwater optical–acoustic communications.
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Pita, Antonio, Francisco J. Rodriguez, and Juan M. Navarro. "Analysis and Evaluation of Clustering Techniques Applied to Wireless Acoustics Sensor Network Data." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 8550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178550.
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Exposure to environmental noise is related to negative health effects. To prevent it, the city councils develop noise maps and action plans to identify, quantify, and decrease noise pollution. Smart cities are deploying wireless acoustic sensor networks that continuously gather the sound pressure level from many locations using acoustics nodes. These nodes provide very relevant updated information, both temporally and spatially, over the acoustic zones of the city. In this paper, the performance of several data clustering techniques is evaluated for discovering and analyzing different behavior patterns of the sound pressure level. A comparison of clustering techniques is carried out using noise data from two large cities, considering isolated and federated data. Experiments support that Hierarchical Agglomeration Clustering and K-means are the algorithms more appropriate to fit acoustics sound pressure level data.
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Leccese, Fabio, and Giuseppe Schirripa Spagnolo. "State-of-the art and perspectives of underwater optical wireless communications." ACTA IMEKO 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i4.1097.
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In scientific, military, and industrial sectors, the development of robust and efficient submarine wireless communication links is of enormous interest. Underwater wireless communications can be carried out through acoustic, radio frequency (RF), and optical waves. Underwater optical communication is not a new idea, but it has recently been considered because seawater exhibits a window of reduced absorption both in the visible spectrum and long-wavelength UV light (UV-A). Compared to its bandwidth limited acoustic counterpart, underwater optical wireless communications (UOWCs) can support higher data rates at low latency levels. Underwater wireless communication networks are important in ocean exploration, military tactical operations, environmental and water pollution monitoring. Anyway, given the rapid development of UOWC technology, documents are still needed showing the state of the art and the progress made by the most current research. This paper aims to examine current technologies, and those potentially available soon, for Underwater Optical Wireless Communication and to propose a new perspective using UV-A radiation.
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Patrick, Chris. "Enabling next-generation wireless implant transmission." Scilight 2022, no. 51 (December 16, 2022): 511105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0016717.
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Wang, Yong, Ranran Zhou, Zhenyue Liu, and Bingbo Yan. "A Low-Power CMOS Wireless Acoustic Sensing Platform for Remote Surveillance Applications." Sensors 20, no. 1 (December 28, 2019): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010178.
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A low-power wireless acoustic sensing platform for remote surveillance applications based on a 180 nm CMOS technology is proposed in this paper. The audio signal, which is acquired by a microphone, is first amplified and filtered. Then, the analog signal is converted to a digital signal by a 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC). A digital automatic gain control module is integrated to obtain an optimal input of the ADC. The digital signal is modulated and transmitted at the 433 MHz ISM band after being repacked and encoded. To save power for portable applications, the chip switches to standby mode when no audio is detected. The wireless sensing platform occupies a chip area of 1.76 mm 2 . The supply voltage is 2.5 V for the power amplifier and 1.8 V for other circuits. The measured maximum output power is 5.7 dBm and the transmission distance is over 500 m for real application scenarios. The chip consumes 25.1 mW power in normal work mode and 0.058 mW in standby mode. Compared to existing wireless acoustic sensors, the proposed wireless acoustic sensing platform can achieve features such as compactness, power efficiency, and reliability.
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Luchmansyaroni, Aditya Wahyu. "Design a Guitar Effects Controller Using a Wireless System." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 5, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v5i2.203.
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Wireless is a wireless network technology that can be used for voice and data communications. The need for a wireless network system makes the need for technology grow very rapidly starting from communication and data transmission media, one of the technological developments in data transmission media. One of them is in the field of music. Most of the musical instruments such as microphones, bass guitars, acoustic guitars, and electric guitars already use wireless. This can facilitate the movement of these musical players while playing their musical instruments on stage. Therefore, a wireless device for guitar effects is designed that is directly connected to a guitar instrument. This system itself aims to facilitate the movement of guitar players on stage and can also activate guitar effects without the need to step on the guitar pedals at their feet.
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Lopez-Ballester, Jesus, Jose M. Alcaraz Calero, Jaume Segura-Garcia, Santiago Felici-Castell, Miguel Garcia-Pineda, and Maximo Cobos. "Speech Intelligibility Analysis and Approximation to Room Parameters through the Internet of Things." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041430.
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In recent years, Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASN) have been widely applied to different acoustic fields in outdoor and indoor environments. Most of these applications are oriented to locate or identify sources and measure specific features of the environment involved. In this paper, we study the application of a WASN for room acoustic measurements. To evaluate the acoustic characteristics, a set of Raspberry Pi 3 (RPi) has been used. One is used to play different acoustic signals and four are used to record at different points in the room simultaneously. The signals are sent wirelessly to a computer connected to a server, where using MATLAB we calculate both the impulse response (IR), and different acoustic parameters, such as the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII). In this way, the evaluation of room acoustic parameters with asynchronous IR measurements two different applications has been explored. Finally, the network features have been evaluated to assess the effectiveness of this system.
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Farai, Omotayo, Nicole Metje, Carl Anthony, and David Chapman. "Analysis of Acoustic Signal Propagation for Reliable Digital Communication along Exposed and Buried Water Pipes." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (April 5, 2023): 4611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074611.
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Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have emerged as a robust and cost-effective solution for buried pipeline monitoring due to the low cost (a maximum of a few tens of UK pounds (GBP)), low power supply capacity (in the order of 1 watt/hour) and small size (centimetre scale) requirements of the wireless sensor nodes. One of the main challenges for WSN deployment, however, is the limited range of underground data communication between the wireless sensor nodes of less than 3 m, which subsequently increases deployment costs for a utility owner for buried pipeline monitoring. A promising alternative to overcome this limitation is using low-frequency (<1 kHz) acoustic signal propagation along the pipe. This paper examines the feasibility of using low-frequency acoustic signal propagation along exposed and buried medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) pipes and makes predictions of the potential distances at which reliable data communication can be achieved. Quantification of the acoustic attenuation was performed using both analytical and numerical models in addition to laboratory and field experiments. The predicted acoustic data communication distance ranged between approximately 18 m for an exposed and approximately 11 m for a buried MDPE pipe. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using low-frequency acoustic signal propagation for achieving reliable wireless underground communication.
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Li, Luyao. "Underwater Optical Wireless Networking Based on Multiple Transmission-hops." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v1i1.234.
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In recent years, the demand for underwater wireless communication is increasing day by day, and marine exploration is carried out continuously. Underwater wireless communication is mainly used in military, industrial and scientific research fields. It plays an important role in the fields of marine environment detection, oil control, oceanographic research and tactical monitoring. Wired or optical fiber technology is usually used to achieve high data rate and reliable communication. However, in the deep sea, these optical fibers or cables face many challenges, such as maintenance problems, physical damage and vulnerability. In some places, it is very difficult to install cables or optical fibers. In this case, people are very interested in wireless communication technology. At present, underwater wireless communication technology mainly includes acoustic signal, RF signal and optical signal. However, with the increase of application requirements, underwater acoustic communication and electromagnetic wave communication have many limitations, which can not meet our needs, and optical fiber and cable can not be installed in a large area. Therefore, the research on underwater wireless optical communication is very useful. On the other hand, underwater optical communication (uowc) has the advantages of high bandwidth, low delay and enhanced security . However, light pulses propagating in seawater will be damaged by adverse channels, including absorption and scattering. It is also susceptible to many noise sources on the receiver side, such as sunlight, turbulence, thermal noise and dark wireless current noise. Using sufficiently dense network deployment, long-distance broadband communication can be realized, in which information can be transmitted through a series of relays. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to describe end-to-end (E2E) paths and develop effective routing mechanisms. This paper studies the routing of underwater wireless sensor networks. This paper summarizes several existing main routing methods, and studies and analyzes their practical significance.
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Joby, P. P. "An Extensive Research on Acoustic Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (AUWSN)." IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems 4, no. 2 (July 26, 2022): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2022.2.006.
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It is a well-known fact that water covers nearly 71% of the total earth's surface. This makes the extraction of most valuable information from the seafloor and underwater resources extremely difficult for humans. As a result, in order to meet the requirements of underwater exploration, researchers have focused their efforts on developing new technologies for establishing underwater communication. The recent advancements in wireless acoustic underwater sensing and communication technology has resulted in an upsurge in the exploration of abundant underwater natural resources. This research study intends to provide a comprehensive overview of acoustic underwater sensor networks, including their implementation techniques, routing algorithms and applications. This study also provides a comparative analysis on various acoustic wireless sensor networks deployment in order to find the existing research gaps. Furthermore, some real-time AUWSN applications were reviewed, providing diverse and insightful information about the AUWSN approach. Finally, the study discusses about some potential future research directions for designing the next-generation AUWSNs.
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Kool, Henk, and Vince Zeller. "Acoustic Wireless Telemetry Reduces Uncertainty in Deepwater Drillstem Tests." Journal of Petroleum Technology 67, no. 08 (August 1, 2015): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0815-0032-jpt.
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Seol, Hye-Yoon, Seo-Hu Kim, Ga-Young Kim, Mini Jo, Young-Sang Cho, Sung-Hwa Hong, and Il-Joon Moon. "Influence of the Noise-Canceling Technology on How We Hear Sounds." Healthcare 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2022): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10081449.
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Purpose: This study explores the influence of the noise-canceling technology in commercial earphones on sound pressure levels and preferred listening levels in terms of hearing protection. Materials and Methods: Thirty individuals completed puretone audiometry and real-ear measurements to assess sound pressure levels at the level of the eardrum with and without the activation of the noise-canceling function. The Knowles Electronics Manikin for Acoustic Research was used to investigate the acoustic characteristics of two environmental sounds (bus and café). Two types of earphones (wireless and wired canal type) were utilized in the study. Results: For both bus and café noises, in the low-frequency range, sound pressure levels were significantly decreased for all types of earphones when the noise-canceling function was turned on. The same results were observed for the whole frequency range. In terms of preferred listening levels, the wireless canal type and wired canal type earphones showed significant reduction in volume levels. Conclusion: The findings of the study show that for both low- and whole frequency range, the use of noise-canceling function significantly decreases the sound pressure levels of the signal for all styles of earphones, suggesting a potential of the noise-canceling technology in hearing protection.
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Kreidi, Karim Hashem. "Implementation Patterns of AquaSim for Simulation of Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks." Wasit Journal of Computer and Mathematics Science 1, no. 1 (March 17, 2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/wjcm.vol1.iss1.11.
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Now days, a number of corporate as well as social applications are connected with wireless technologies which are covered under the domain of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud of Things (CoT). To work with the development and implementation of these scenarios, there is need of high performance costly gadgets which are difficult for the self finance researchers and small organizations. To cope up with the financial aspects of developing and getting the results from advanced wireless environment, the use of simulators and software libraries is done. In wireless environment, the segment of Underwater Wireless Sensor (UWSN) or Underwater Acoustic Network (UAN) is quite prominent which are used for the underwater applications including Military, Naval and Underwater Surveillance. Underwater sensor networks are famous for researchers and engineers in wireless technology. This field offers a lot of academic work in different disciplines. The main challenge of this UWSN is the energy saving for sensor nodes. For this cause, the location of sensor nodes shifts about regularly. There are several algorithms for energy production and collection, but this area is still in need of study due to political and national security concerns.
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Ginovart-Panisello, Gerardo José, Ester Vidaña-Vila, Selene Caro-Via, Carme Martínez-Suquía, Marc Freixes, and Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. "Low-Cost WASN for Real-Time Soundmap Generation." Engineering Proceedings 6, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/i3s2021dresden-10162.
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Recent advances in technology have enabled the development of affordable low-cost acoustic monitoring systems, as a response of several fields of application that require a close acoustic analysis in real-time: road traffic noise in crowded cities, biodiversity conservation in natural parks, behavioural tracking in the elderly living alone and even surveillance in public places for safety reasons. This paper presents a low-cost wireless acoustic sensor network developed to gather acoustic data to build a 24/7 real-time soundmap. Each node of the network comprises an omnidirectional microphone and a computation unit, which processes acoustic information locally to obtain nonsensitive data (i.e., equivalent continuous loudness levels or acoustic event labels) that are sent to a cloud server. Moreover, it has also been studied the placement of the acoustic sensors in a real scenario, following acoustics criteria. The ultimate goal of the deployed system is to enable the following functions: (i) to measure the Leq in real-time in a predefined window, (ii) to identify changing patterns in the previous measurements so that anomalous situations can be detected and (iii) to prevent and attend potential irregular situations. The proposed network aims to encourage the use of real-time non-invasive devices to obtain behavioural and environmental information, in order to take decisions in real-time.
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Venkatalakshmi, B., and K. Radhika. "Design of Solid Mounted Components Using Bulk Acoustic Wave Technology for Communication." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 7579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.7579.
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Low power and portable systems working at high frequency are becoming a significant force in the communication industry. SAW filters have been used in wireless communication systems since the early days of mobile phones. But applications at the higher handset frequencies run up against the capability of conventional SAW structures. Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) Technology, a relatively recent addition to this portfolio follows MEMS principle to design high performance microwave components for RF communication. Simulation of the Bulk Acoustic Resonator using Butterworth Van Dyke Model (BVD) Model and design of Ladder Filter with the designed resonator in the RF design platform Agilent ADS (Advanced Design System) have been presented. The simulated results confirm the tuning of operating frequency of designed BAW device at 2.4 GHz.
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Wei, Xiang Yu, Cheng Zhu, and Shi Dong Qiao. "An Energy-Efficient Three-Dimensional Positioning Technology for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Network." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 4169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.4169.
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The self-positioning for the nodes is the prerequisite for wireless sensor network to work, especially considering that the deployment of underwater node changes rapidly in position. Taking the issue of energy efficiency and prolong the network lifetime into account, the energy-efficient positioning technology of the underwater acoustic sensor network is studied in this paper .Brief introduction of the current node positioning technology is concluded in this paper too. Similarly to the overlapping ideological positioning algorithm FTPL we introduce RSSI but not for the ranging. Also discuss the inadequacies of our new algorithm, and the possible improvements. Simulation results show that the improved algorithm has good improvement in both the accuracy and the energy efficiency.
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Khalid, Muhammad, Zahid Ullah, Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Arshad, Bilal Jan, Yue Cao, and Awais Adnan. "A Survey of Routing Issues and Associated Protocols in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks." Journal of Sensors 2017 (2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7539751.
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Underwater wireless sensor networks are a newly emerging wireless technology in which small size sensors with limited energy and limited memory and bandwidth are deployed in deep sea water and various monitoring operations like tactical surveillance, environmental monitoring, and data collection are performed through these tiny sensors. Underwater wireless sensor networks are used for the exploration of underwater resources, oceanographic data collection, flood or disaster prevention, tactical surveillance systems, and unmanned underwater vehicles. Sensor nodes consist of a small memory, a central processing unit, and an antenna. Underwater networks are much different from terrestrial sensor networks as radio waves cannot be used in underwater wireless sensor networks. Acoustic channels are used for communication in deep sea water. Acoustic signals have many limitations, such as limited bandwidth, higher end-to-end delay, network path loss, higher propagation delay, and dynamic topology. Usually, these limitations result in higher energy consumption with a smaller number of packets delivered. The main aim nowadays is to operate sensor nodes having a smaller battery for a longer time in the network. This survey has discussed the state-of-the-art localization based and localization-free routing protocols. Routing associated issues in the area of underwater wireless sensor networks have also been discussed.
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Fang, Chengwei, Shuo Li, Yinong Wang, and Ke Wang. "High-Speed Underwater Optical Wireless Communication with Advanced Signal Processing Methods Survey." Photonics 10, no. 7 (July 12, 2023): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070811.
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Underwater wireless communication (UWC) technology has attracted widespread attention in the past few years. Compared with conventional acoustic underwater wireless communication technology, underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) technology has promising potential to provide high data rate wireless connections due to the large license-free bandwidth. Building a high-performance and reliable UOWC system has become the target of researchers and various advanced and innovative technologies have been proposed and investigated. Among them, better hardware such as transmitters and receivers, as well as more advanced modulation and signal processing techniques, are key factors in improving UOWC system performance. In this paper, we review the recent development in UOWC systems. In particular, we provide a brief introduction to different types of UOWC systems based on channel configuration, and we focus on various recent studies on advanced signal processing methods in UOWC systems, including both traditional non-machine learning (NML) equalizers and machine learning (ML) schemes based on neural networks. In addition, we also discuss the key challenges in UOWC systems for future applications.
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Yang, Yang, Corinne Dejous, and Hamida Hallil. "Trends and Applications of Surface and Bulk Acoustic Wave Devices: A Review." Micromachines 14, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14010043.
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The past few decades have witnessed the ultra-fast development of wireless telecommunication systems, such as mobile communication, global positioning, and data transmission systems. In these applications, radio frequency (RF) acoustic devices, such as bulk acoustic waves (BAW) and surface acoustic waves (SAW) devices, play an important role. As the integration technology of BAW and SAW devices is becoming more mature day by day, their application in the physical and biochemical sensing and actuating fields has also gradually expanded. This has led to a profusion of associated literature, and this article particularly aims to help young professionals and students obtain a comprehensive overview of such acoustic technologies. In this perspective, we report and discuss the key basic principles of SAW and BAW devices and their typical geometries and electrical characterization methodology. Regarding BAW devices, we give particular attention to film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs), due to their advantages in terms of high frequency operation and integrability. Examples illustrating their application as RF filters, physical sensors and actuators, and biochemical sensors are presented. We then discuss recent promising studies that pave the way for the exploitation of these elastic wave devices for new applications that fit into current challenges, especially in quantum acoustics (single-electron probe/control and coherent coupling between magnons and phonons) or in other fields.
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Manicacci, François-Marie, Johann Mourier, Chabi Babatounde, Jessica Garcia, Mickaël Broutta, Jean-Sébastien Gualtieri, and Antoine Aiello. "A Wireless Autonomous Real-Time Underwater Acoustic Positioning System." Sensors 22, no. 21 (October 26, 2022): 8208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218208.
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Recent acoustic telemetry positioning systems are able to reconstruct the positions and trajectories of organisms at a scale of a few centimeters to a few meters. However, they present several logistical constraints including receiver maintenance, calibration procedures and limited access to real-time data. We present here a novel, easy-to-deploy, energy self-sufficient underwater positioning system based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) algorithm and the Global System for Mobile (GSM) communication technology, capable of locating tagged marine organisms in real time. We provide an illustration of the application of this system with empirical examples using continuous and coded tags in fish and benthic invertebrates. In situ experimental tests of the operational system demonstrated similar performances to currently available acoustic positioning systems, with a global positioning error of 7.13 ± 5.80 m (mean ± SD) and one-third of the pings can be localized within 278 m of the farthest buoy. Despite some required improvements, this prototype is designed to be autonomous and can be deployed from the surface in various environments (rivers, lakes, and oceans). It was proven to be useful to monitor a wide variety of species (benthic and pelagic) in real time. Its real-time property can be used to rapidly detect system failure, optimize deployment design, or for ecological or conservation applications.
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Pan, Yong, Ning Mu, Bo Liu, Bingqing Cao, Wen Wang, and Liu Yang. "A Novel Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor Array Based on Wireless Communication Network." Sensors 18, no. 9 (September 6, 2018): 2977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092977.
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A novel surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor array based on wireless communication network is prepared. The array is composed of four SAW sensors, a wireless communication network module, and a global positioning system (GPS) module. The four SAW sensors of the array are coated with triethanolamine, polyepichlorohydrin, fluoroalcoholpolysiloxane, and L-glutamic acid hydrochloride to detect hydrogen sulfide (H2S), 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), dimethylmethylphosphonate (DMMP), and ammonia (NH3) at film thicknesses of 50–100 nm. The wireless communication network module consists of an acquisition unit, a wireless control unit, and a microcontroller unit. By means of Zigbee and Lora technologies, the module receives and transmits the collected data to a PC work station in real-time; moreover, the module can control the sensor array’s working mode and monitor the working status. Simultaneously, the testing location is determined by the GPS module integrated into the SAW sensor array. H2S, CEES, DMMP, and NH3 are detected in 300 m at different concentrations. Given the practical future application in environment in the future, the low, safe concentrations of 1.08, 0.59, 0.10, and 5.02 ppm for H2S, CEES, DMMP, and NH3, respectively, are detected at the lowest concentration, and the sensitivities of different sensors of the sensor array are 32.4, 14.9, 78.1 and 22.6 Hz/ppm, respectively. With the obtained fingerprints and pattern recognition technology, the detected gases can be recognized.
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Brachmann, Erik, Marietta Seifert, Niels Neumann, Nidal Alshwawreh, Margitta Uhlemann, Siegfried Menzel, Jörg Acker, Steven Herold, Volker Hoffmann, and Thomas Gemming. "Electroless-Deposited Platinum Antennas for Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors." Materials 12, no. 7 (March 27, 2019): 1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12071002.
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In an effort to develop a cost-efficient technology for wireless high-temperature surface acoustic wave sensors, this study presents an evaluation of a combined method that integrates physical vapor deposition with electroless deposition for the fabrication of platinum-based planar antennas. The proposed manufacturing process becomes attractive for narrow, thick, and sparse metallizations for antennas in the MHz to GHz frequency range. In detail, narrow platinum-based lines of a width down to 40 μm were electroless-deposited on γ-Al 2O 3 substrates using different seed layers. At first, the electrolyte chemistry was optimized to obtain the highest deposition rate. Films with various thickness were prepared and the electrical resistivity, microstructure, and chemical composition in the as-prepared state and after annealing at temperatures up to 1100 ∘C were evaluated. Using these material parameters, the antenna was simulated with an electromagnetic full-wave simulation tool and then fabricated. The electrical parameters, including the S-parameters of the antenna, were measured. The agreement between the simulated and the realized antenna is then discussed.
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Lowes, Gavin James, Jeffrey Neasham, Richie Burnett, Benjamin Sherlock, and Charalampos Tsimenidis. "Passive Acoustic Detection of Vessel Activity by Low-Energy Wireless Sensors." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 2 (February 12, 2022): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020248.
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This paper presents the development of a low-energy passive acoustic vessel detector to work as part of a wireless underwater monitoring network. The vessel detection method is based on a low-energy implementation of Detection of Envelope Modulation On Noise (DEMON). Vessels produce a broad spectrum modulated noise during propeller cavitation, which the DEMON method aims to extract for the purposes of automated detection. The vessel detector design has different approaches with mixtures of analogue and digital processing, as well as continuous and duty-cycled sampling/processing. The detector re-purposes an existing acoustic modem platform to achieve a low-cost and long-deployment wireless sensor network. This integrated communication platform enables the detector to switch between detection/communication mode seamlessly within software. The vessel detector was deployed at depth for a total of 84 days in the North Sea, providing a large data set, which the results are based on. Open sea field trial results have shown detection of single and multiple vessels with a 94% corroboration rate with local Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Results showed that additional information about the detected vessel such as the number of propeller blades can be extracted solely based on the detection data. The attention to energy efficiency led to an average power consumption of 11.4 mW, enabling long term deployments of up to 6 months using only four alkaline C cells. Additional battery packs and a modified enclosure could enable a longer deployment duration. As the detector was still deployed during the first UK lockdown, the impact of COVID-19 on North Sea fishing activity was captured. Future work includes deploying this technology en masse to operate as part of a network. This could afford the possibility of adding vessel tracking to the abilities of the vessel detection technology when deployed as a network of sensor nodes.
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Vicerra, Ryan Rhay P., and Elmer P. Dadios. "Slime Mold Inspired Swarm Robot System for Underwater Wireless Data Communication." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, no. 1 (January 19, 2016): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0092.
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Swarm robotics is a collection of mobile robots that displays swarm behavior. This paper presents a simulator of slime mold amoeba inspired swarm robot for underwater wireless communication system. The slime mold inspired robotic swarm is used to overcome the challenges of transmitting data in a large underwater environment. Underwater communication systems today are primarily acoustic technology and characterized by limited and distance dependent bandwidth, presence of multipath, and low speed of sound propagation. The robots navigate and seek the shortest path creating a virtual connection between the data transmitter and receiver similar to the foraging behavior of swarms. Each individual robot going back and forth from the transmitter to the receiver and vice-versa acts as a “physical” carrier of the data. Swarm robots navigate using swarm level intelligence based on the signal propagation technique used by slime mold amoeba aggregation using acoustics communication. The robot swarm system is developed, simulated and tested using the coded simulator. Using the slime mold inspired swarm robot system; the simulation successfully performed the data “foraging” scenario and showed the ability of the swarm to provide a virtual link in an underwater wireless communication network.
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Jinqiu, Wu, Qiao Gang, and Kang Pengbin. "Emerging 5G Multicarrier Chaotic Sequence Spread Spectrum Technology for Underwater Acoustic Communication." Complexity 2018 (October 18, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3790529.
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Generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) is a newly introduced technique for the wireless fifth-generation (5G) standard based on multicarrier filter bank theory, which has the advantage of flexibility in setting the number of subcarriers and subblocks. The application of GFDM in underwater acoustic (UWA) communication can take full advantage of the limited spectral resources, which is a prime limitation in UWA communication and will promote the development of UWA network technology. However, the multicarrier communication technique utilized in radio 5G communication offers difficulty in channel estimation, and the influence of a channel cannot be ignored especially in the UWA communication field. Therefore, GFDM cannot be implemented directly in UWA communication; to solve this problem, a system combining chaotic sequence spread spectrum technology with GFDM is proposed, which is a novel technique with high spectrum efficiency. Simulation and experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed system.
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Wang, Yuan, Zhou Mo Zeng, Yi Bo Li, Wen Zhang, and Hao Feng. "Research on Doppler and Channel Estimation for Multicarrier Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 752–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.752.
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Spreadspectrum orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (SS-OFDM), which appliesspread spectrum technique into OFDM, performs robustly in severely multipathfading underwater channels. However, this technology is sensitive to thefrequency shift. Furthermore, communication in underwater acoustic (UWA)channels is more vulnerable to Doppler effect than other wireless channels dueto the low speed of acoustic signal propagation. It presents challenges forcommunication between underwater mobile nodes. Therefore, accurate Dopplerfrequency shift estimation and compensation is important. Aself-designed receiver structure for SS-OFDM system including a novel Dopplerscale estimation method and channel estimation via compressed sensing method isproposed. The simulation and experimental results offer strong proofs for ourscheme to be a viable option for acoustic communication between underwatermobile nodes and compressed sensing method outperforms the conventionalleast-squares (LS) method in channel estimation.
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Monika, Mamta, and Nitin Goyal. "Architectural Analysis of Wireless Sensor Network and Underwater Wireless Sensor Network with Issues and Challenges." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 2706–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9109.
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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) now days become a promising technology in which the set of sensor nodes are installed to form a network and these sensor nodes send data to a storage centre called sink or off shore base station. This data helps in revolutionizing many sensor network based application areas like military, sciences, automobile industry etc. Further, there exists another category of this broad field that is Underwater Wireless Sensor Network abbreviated as UWSN in which sensor nodes are deployed under the water and they use acoustic signals for communication and data transmission. In this paper, some concepts and routing protocols for both WSN and UWSN are presented. Also various issues are highlighted; those can come during communication in both the technologies. Further, issues during routing protocols design those plays important role for communication in establishing and maintenance of network are also discussed.
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Murad, Mohsin, Imran A. Tasadduq, and Pablo Otero. "Pilot-Assisted OFDM for Underwater Acoustic Communication." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 12 (December 4, 2021): 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121382.
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Multicarrier techniques have made it possible to wirelessly transmit data at higher rates for underwater acoustic (UWA) communication. Several multicarrier techniques have been explored in the past for wireless data transmission. OFDM is known to fight off inter-symbol interference due to the orthogonality of its subcarriers. However, due to time variations, OFDM suffers from intercarrier interference. As the UWA channel is both a time and frequency variant, channel estimation becomes complex. We propose a pilot-based channel estimation technique and explore two equalizers for improving the error performance of an OFDM-based UWA system. Both the equalizers employ pilot subcarriers to estimate the UWA channel. One equalizer is a least squares (LS) equalizer and the other is a zero forcing (ZF) equalizer. Using computer simulations, it is observed that, for an acceptable error performance, the number of pilots should be one-fourth the number of subcarriers. Moreover, if the energy of the pilots is increased without changing the overall symbol energy, the error performance degrades. It is also noted that both the LS and ZF equalizers give an acceptable error performance with the ZF performing marginally better than the LS. Furthermore, the error performance of the proposed system is evaluated as a function of the transmitter-receiver distance and an acceptable error performance is observed even at 1250 m.
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Rani, Jansi J., S. Anusuya, B. Vidhya, and Benedict M. Tephila. "A Study on Techniques of Underwater Optical Communication." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.7763.
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In recent years, the higher data rate and a higher degree of accuracy in transmissions have been achieved through wireless communication technology. The underwater communication is one of the trending technologies in wireless communication. The underwater data transmission is carried out by the acoustic waves which produce vibrations of sounds during its transmission. These vibrations have disturbed the creatures present underwater and additionally it may cause some noise. The results of many recent researches have concluded that the vibrations produced by the acoustic waves cause the disturbances in the earth plates and due to which the natural calamities like tsunami, earthquakes etc., have been occurring. The underwater communication is mostly used for military applications and for the transmission of sensitive information within the shortest distance of a particular area. The use of acoustic waves produces a low data rate and increased time delay. In addition to that, these waves are unreliable and complex due to multipath propagations in water. The acoustic waves employ modulation techniques like FSK, PSK and OFDM for the data transmission and consume more energy and power. So lately, the transmission of data in underwater is carried out by using the optical waves. ON–OFF keying technique is most commonly used modulation technique with attractive features such as high data rate, less delay, low power consumption, energy saving, and better accuracy than the other techniques.
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Hou, Lulu, Wenrui Duan, Guozhe Xuan, Shanpeng Xiao, Yuan Li, Yizheng Li, and Jiahao Zhao. "Intelligent Microsystem for Sound Event Recognition in Edge Computing Using End-to-End Mesh Networking." Sensors 23, no. 7 (March 31, 2023): 3630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073630.
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Wireless acoustic sensor networks (WASNs) and intelligent microsystems are crucial components of the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. In various IoT applications, small, lightweight, and low-power microsystems are essential to enable autonomous edge computing and networked cooperative work. This study presents an innovative intelligent microsystem with wireless networking capabilities, sound sensing, and sound event recognition. The microsystem is designed with optimized sensing, energy supply, processing, and transceiver modules to achieve small size and low power consumption. Additionally, a low-computational sound event recognition algorithm based on a Convolutional Neural Network has been designed and integrated into the microsystem. Multiple microsystems are connected using low-power Bluetooth Mesh wireless networking technology to form a meshed WASN, which is easily accessible, flexible to expand, and straightforward to manage with smartphones. The microsystem is 7.36 cm3 in size and weighs 8 g without housing. The microsystem can accurately recognize sound events in both trained and untrained data tests, achieving an average accuracy of over 92.50% for alarm sounds above 70 dB and water flow sounds above 55 dB. The microsystems can communicate wirelessly with a direct range of 5 m. It can be applied in the field of home IoT and border security.
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Zeng, Dehua. "Design of a Real-Time Wireless Sensing Monitoring System Based on Acoustic Emission Power GIS Equipment." Journal of Sensors 2021 (September 20, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9726147.
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In this paper, real-time monitoring of acoustic emission power GIS equipment is studied and analyzed, and a real-time wireless sensing monitoring system is designed. The overall design of the wireless sensing monitoring system for acoustic emission power GIS equipment is as follows: the model of the system is constructed, the design of the system module function is proposed, the platform of the system is built, the hardware and software solutions are configured, the operating system is optimized, the graphics and data are input into the GIS distribution network system, the editing function is optimized, the fast positioning function of the equipment is improved, and the automatic generation of the system diagram is improved. By using ZigBee technology to establish a wireless sensor network and realize wireless transmission of monitoring signals, it can avoid many disadvantages, such as cumbersome cable laying, troublesome changes, inconvenient expansion, and daily maintenance in wired transmission, and save various resources and reduce monitoring costs, which is well worth promoting in the system. In this paper, for the actual situation of GIS equipment, combined with the characteristics of the wireless sensor network structure and the design needs of the monitoring system (the overall design of the monitoring system, OFS maximum response amplitude of 19.9 mV, to be reached 40 dB), the signal will be uploaded to the high-speed collection system, and the efficiency is increased by more than 10%. The feasibility test of the monitoring system, the test results, and the related data show that the UHF sensor can accurately collect the UHF signal, the wireless network formed by ZigBee can reliably transmit the signal, the monitoring interface is correctly displayed, and the whole monitoring system operates stably and meets the requirements of the initial design.
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Akkaş, Mustafa Alper. "A Comparative Review of Mote Size and Communication Method for Wireless Sensor Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 850 (August 2016): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.850.3.
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In the near future, WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) have grown from a theoretical concept to a burgeoning modern technology. In this paper, it is presented a comparative review of wireless sensor network according to their size and communication methods. The main contributions of this paper are: comparing the mote size and the communication channel model considering the propagation properties of EM wave, magnetic induction, molecular communication, optical communication and acoustic communication; show the feasible range, speed and bandwidth of the channel of nodes for soil, water and air. In this respect the work presents a guideline for other researches to choose the right node and communication method for their application.
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Ahmed, Dr Sheeraz, Asim Ali, Asif Nawaz, Asif Meher, Zeeshan Najam, and Muhammad Tayyab. "Investigation on High Reliability Wireless Communication of Underwater Sensor Networks for Submerged Acoustic Correspondence." Sukkur IBA Journal of Emerging Technologies 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30537/sjet.v5i1.928.
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The Marine Corps (UWSN) Classification Society and Advanced Information Resources Research Association cooperate with the Information Technology Research Association. Communication Technology Foundation and Ocean Culture Foundation. Notwithstanding, contrasted and the earthly condition, the marine condition is intricate and inconsistent, so correspondence in this condition is extremely troublesome. This article has directed a top to bottom conversation and survey of submerged specialized techniques and organization advances, (for example, submerged acoustic correspondence, submerged optical correspondence, and steering conventions and media access control). (Macintosh) and submarine multimodal transport organizations. This article additionally talks about the accomplishments of high-unwavering quality submerged correspondence innovation, and there are not many difficulties in managing submarine organizations.
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Amini, Jamal, Richard Christian Hendriks, Richard Heusdens, Meng Guo, and Jesper Jensen. "Rate-Constrained Noise Reduction in Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 28 (2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2019.2947777.
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Murgod, Tejaswini R., and S. Meenakshi Sundaram. "Survey on underwater optical wireless communication: perspectives and challenges." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i1.pp138-146.
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<div><p class="Affiliation">The demand for underwater communication is growing at a faster pace since few decades. Maximizing the communication performance and building efficient network architecture for underwater communication is a challenging task. Due to the reduced bandwidth, high error rate, noise, propagation delay, water currents and increased cost in the network topology, the existing communication techniques are not feasible for underwater communication. Research in high speed underwater transmission technology has become a primary need in today’s world. By using underwater acoustic sensor network high transmission distance can be achieved but with lower data rates, high power consumption, larger delays and with higher cost. Underwater Optical Communication can be used to increase data rates and lower delays but it suffers from high attenuation due to which it cannot be used for data transfer over larger distances. Research in the area of hybrid sensor networks is a challenging task and has many open research challenges, which needs to be solved. In this paper we discuss the various architectures of underwater communication. A comparative study is made on different routing protocols and localization algorithms. The challenges faced by acoustic and optical communication are also discussed.</p></div>
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Hermosilla, Gabriel, Francisco Pizarro, Sebastián Fingerhuth, Francisco Lazcano, Francisco Santibanez, Nelson Baker, David Castro, and Carolina Yáñez. "Real-Time Remote Sensing of the Lobesia botrana Moth Using a Wireless Acoustic Detection Sensor." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (December 14, 2021): 11889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411889.
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This article presents a wireless sensor for pest detection, specifically the Lobesia botrana moth or vineyard moth. The wireless sensor consists of an acoustic-based detection of the sound generated by a flying Lobesia botrana moth. Once a Lobesia botrana moth is detected, the information about the time, geographical location of the sensor and the number of detection events is sent to a server that gathers the detection statistics in real-time. To detect the Lobesia botrana, its acoustic signal was previously characterized in a controlled environment, obtaining its power spectral density for the acoustic filter design. The sensor is tested in a controlled laboratory environment where the detection of the flying moths is successfully achieved in the presence of all types of environmental noises. Finally, the sensor is installed on a vineyard in a region where the moth has already been detected. The device is able to detect flying Lobesia botrana moths during its flying period, giving results that agree with traditional field traps.
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Li, Hui, Yue Quan Bao, Shun Long Li, Wen Li Chen, Shu Jin Laima, and Jin Ping Ou. "Monitoring, Evaluation and Control for Life-Cycle Performance of Intelligent Civil Structures." Advances in Science and Technology 83 (September 2012): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.83.105.
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This paper includes five parts. The first is the sensing technology, in which ultrasonic-based sensing technology for scour monitoring of bridge piers, electro-chemistry-based distributed concrete cracks and automobile wireless sensors are introduced. The second is the application of compressive sensing technology in structural health monitoring, in which the recovery of lose data for wireless senor networks, spatial distribution of vehicles on the bridge and localization of acoustic emission source by using compressive technique are included. The third is damage monitoring and identification of seismically excited structures, in which data-driven seismic localization approach and nonlinear hysteretic model identification approach are proposed. The fourth is the monitoring for wind and wind effects of long-span bridges, the vortex-induced vibration of deck, suspended cables and stay cables is observed and the buffeting of bridge under Typhoon is also measured. The last one is the data analysis, modeling and safety evaluation of bridges based on structural health monitoring techniques.
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Long, Yi, Yiyi Zhang, Hongliang Sun, Xingze Hou, and Jianfeng Xiao. "A Developed Vehicle Terminal of Time-Sharing Rental Electric Vehicle Using Acoustic Communication Technology." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24 (December 11, 2019): 5408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245408.
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With the rapid development of the time-sharing rental business model for electric vehicles, the remote control speed of the electric vehicle terminals device, as the most important part of the whole time-sharing rental business process, affects directly the integrity of the business process and the using feelings of consumers. However, the traditional remote control system by using general packet radio service (GPRS), 3G, and 4G long term evolution (LTE) wireless communication methods responds longer and slower in weak signal area, which directly affects the user’s feeling and management strength of platform management center for the electric vehicle. Therefore, in this paper, (1) the acoustic communication technology as an auxiliary communication method is introduced in the novel vehicle terminal; (2) In order to increase the anti-noise ability, “amplitude-shift keying (ASK) + frequency-shift keying (FSK)” compound modulation and “double microphone input” technology are used in the vehicle terminal, which develops a novel vehicle terminal with the high anti-noise acoustic wave communication function for the electric vehicle in time-sharing rental mode; and (3) the mobile phone acoustic waves can be used by the proposed vehicle terminal to control the door of electric vehicle, which provides a firm technical support for ensuring the fluency and completeness of the whole process. Tests prove that the acoustic communication technology of the novel vehicle terminal can realize the rapid response of the vehicle terminal, which effectively solves the problem of a prolonged and slow response in the vehicle terminal of the electric vehicle in the weak signal area.
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Awal, Md Rabiul, Muzammil Jusoh, Thennarasan Sabapathy, Muhammad Ramlee Kamarudin, and Rosemizi Abd Rahim. "State-of-the-Art Developments of Acoustic Energy Transfer." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3072528.
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Acoustic energy transfer (AET) technology has drawn significant industrial attention recently. This paper presents the reviews of the existing AETs sequentially, preferably, from the early stage. From the review, it is evident that, among all the classes of wireless energy transfer, AET is the safest technology to adopt. Thus, it is highly recommended for sensitive area and devices, especially implantable devices. Though, the efficiency for relatively long distances (i.e., >30 mm) is less than that of inductive or capacitive power transfer; however, the trade-off between safety considerations and performances is highly suitable and better than others. From the presented statistics, it is evident that AET is capable of transmitting 1.068 kW and 5.4 W of energy through wall and in-body medium (implants), respectively. Progressively, the AET efficiency can reach up to 88% in extension to 8.6 m separation distance which is even superior to that of inductive and capacitive power transfer.
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Gao, Xu, Lina Cheng, Xufeng Xue, Shoupei Zhai, Yong Liang, Wen Wang, Mengwei Liu, Jialiang Zhu, and Zhuoyue Li. "Development of Wireless and Passive SAW Temperature Sensor with Very High Accuracy." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 12, 2021): 7422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167422.
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A surface acoustic wave (SAW) temperature sensor with high accuracy was developed and wirelessly characterized in this work. The sensing chip with reflective delay line pattern was simulated using typical coupling of modes (COM) model and prepared by the standard photolithographic technique. Sharp reflection peaks with high signal-to-noise (SNR) were observed from the developed sensing chip operating at 433 MHz. Referring to the frequency-stepped continuous wave (FSCW)-based transceiver, planar antennas, and the developed SAW chip, the wireless and passive temperature sensor system was built. Adaptive Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm was used for the first time in the SAW sensor signal processing to significantly improve the system SNR, and the corresponding phase fluctuation is down to only 3°. High temperature sensitivity of 36.5 °C and very high accuracy of ±0.2 °C in the range of −30 °C∼100 °C were achieved successfully by wireless measurement.
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Wang, Hai, Zihao Zhang, Hang Sun, Henian Li, Ye Tang, and Chunlai Yang. "Research on energy acquisition technology based on one-dimensional acoustic black hole effect." AIP Advances 13, no. 3 (March 1, 2023): 035027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0141291.
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In this paper, a piezoelectric energy harvester based on periodic one-dimensional acoustic black holes (ABH) is proposed to improve efficiency. The harvesting performance of the energy harvester with different ABH-structures was numerically simulated through the commercial software, COMSOL Multiphysics. Finally, an experimental platform was set up to test several energy harvester samples. The results show that the energy aggregation effect of the bilateral ABH beam is better than that of the traditional ABH beam. In the optimal impedance matching, the maximum output power of the energy harvester with bilateral ABH type 3 is 112 mW, which is 2.8 times that of the energy harvester with traditional ABH. The simulation and experimental results show that the energy harvesting efficiency of the proposed ABH is much higher than that of the energy harvester with traditional ABH. It is expected to make some contributions to the further development of lightweight wireless sensors, equipment service life, bearing fault diagnosis, and so on.
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Liu, Boquan. "Super-resolution measurement method for passive wireless resonant surface acoustic wave sensor." Sensor Review 40, no. 1 (January 27, 2020): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-07-2019-0173.
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Purpose This study aims to use resonant surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, which have advantages in the harsh application environments, to measure different physical parameters such as temperature, pressure and force. For SAW sensors, the locality in measurement resolution by the effective time is poor, it cannot give the detailed results of SAW echoes. Design/methodology/approach To promote the application of SAW sensor, this paper proposes a convex program-based super-resolution measurement method to recover the missing spectral line and enhance frequency resolution. Findings The proposed method reduces the reliance on effective time and improves the measurement resolution of SAW sensors. The performance was validated by experiments. Originality/value The limited resolution capability restricts the benefit of SAW technology in harsh environments. The proposed method shed light on SAW measurement resolution increase, exploiting its full potential and leading to commercial applications.