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Van, der Merwe Adri. "A decision support system for scheduling the harvesting and wine making processes at a winery." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3046.
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Thesis (MSc (Logistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Technological advances made over the past century have had a major impact on traditional wineries. Software solutions for management issues are widely available and give rise to the prospect of computerized decision support systems assisting in various aspects of managing a winery. The most popular applications seem to be concerned with supply chain management or harvest scheduling. Such projects are under way all over the globe and great success has been achieved to this e ect. However, prior to this study no such project has been considered in South Africa. The phrase active cellar scheduling problem refers to the assignment of grape batches to processors inside the cellar where bottlenecks often occur during the busy harvesting period. The phrase harvest scheduling problem, on the other hand, refers to selecting the best possible dates to harvest the respective vineyard blocks in order to preserve grape quality. A mixed integer programming model for the active cellar scheduling problem is derived in this thesis, but proves to be too time consuming to solve exactly via the branch-and-bound method. A meta-heuristic tabu search approach is therefore designed to solve the problem approximately instead. When applied to a small, ctitious cellar, it is found that the tabu search method often solves the problem optimally. The computer processing time associated with the tabu search approach also constitutes a signi cant (often thousand-fold) improvement over that of the branch-and-bound approach for realistically sized problem instances. A generic tabu search is also designed to solve the over-arching harvest scheduling problem for a general winery. This schedule is found by referring to the smaller tabu search of the active cellar scheduling in order to verify the impact that harvesting moves have on activities in the cellar. One harvesting schedule is considered a better schedule than another when it has a lower harvest evaluation score, determined by the placement of the vineyard blocks in the harvesting schedule. The harvest evaluation score takes into account the combination of vineyard blocks selected for harvesting on the same day (and their e ect on the active cellar) as well as the ripeness and quality of the grapes. Both tabu searches are nally included in a exible, computerized decision support system, called VinDSS. This system is found to produce good harvesting schedules when compared to an actual ve day schedule during the 2009 harvesting period at Wamakersvallei, a winery serving as case study for this thesis.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tegnologiese vooruitgang oor die afgelope eeu het 'n groot invloed op tradisionele wynkelders gehad. Sagteware-oplossings wat besluitsteun tot bestuursaangeleenthede bied, is algemeen beskikbaar en het gelei tot die rekenaarmatige implementering van besluitsteunstelsels vir wynkelders. Dit blyk dat die mees popul^ere besluitsteuntoepassings in die wynindustrie te make het met besluite rakende van voorsieningskettings en oes-skedulering. Sulke besluitsteunprojekte is w^ereldwyd onderweg en het alreeds groot sukses behaal. Daar is egter tot dusver geen so 'n projek in Suid-Afrika onderneem nie. Die frase aktiewe kelderskeduleringsprobleem verwys na die toekenning van druifvragte aan masjiene binne die kelder waar bottelnekke algemeen tydens die besige parstydperk voorkom. Die frase oes-skeduleringsprobleem, daarenteen, verwys na die seleksie van bes moontlike oesdatums vir elk van die wingerdblokke om sodoende druifkwaliteit te verseker. 'n Gemengde heeltallige programmeringsmodel is vir die aktiewe kelderskeduleringsprobleem ontwikkel, maar die rekenaaroplossingstyd van hierdie benadering blyk te lank te wees om die probleem eksak deur middel van 'n vertak-en-begrens metode op te los. 'n Meta-heuristiese tabu soektog is dus ontwikkel om die probleem benaderd op te los. Wanneer hierdie benadering op 'n klein, ktiewe kelder toegepas word, word optimale oplossings dikwels verkry. Verder toon die rekenaaroplossingstyd van die tabu soektog 'n groot (in sommige gevalle byna 'n duisendvoudige) verbetering op di e van die eksakte oplossingsmetode. 'n Generiese tabu soektog is ook ontwikkel om die oorkoepelende oes-skeduleringsprobleem vir 'n algemene wynkelder op te los. So 'n oes-skedule word gevind deur na die kleiner tabu soektog vir die aktiewe kelderskedulering te verwys om sodoende die e ekte van veranderinge in die oesskedule op die prosesse binne die aktiewe kelder na te speur. Een oes-skedule word beter as 'n ander skedule beskou wanneer dit met 'n beter oes-evalueringswaarde gepaard gaan, soos deur die plasing van die wingerdblokke in die skedule bepaal. Die oes-evalueringswaarde neem die moontlike kombinasies van wingerblokke wat op dieselfde dag geoes word, in ag (en ook die e ek wat dit op aktiwiteite in die kelder het), asook die rypheid en kwaliteit van die druiwe. Beide tabu soektogte word in 'n plooibare, rekenaar-ge mplementeerde besluitsteunstelsel, bekend as VinDSS, ingesluit. Daar word gevind dat hierdie stelsel goeie oes-skedules lewer wanneer dit vergelyk word met 'n werklike vyf-dag skedule tydens die 2009 parsseisoen van Wamakersvallei, die kelder wat as gevallestudie vir hierdie tesis gedien het.
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Holtman, Gareth Alistair. "Design, installation, and assessment of a biological winery wastewater treatment system." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2573.
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Thesis (MTech (Civil Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.Currently in South Africa, most wastewater from small cellars is pH-adjusted and disposed of via land irrigation. This practice can lead to environmental degradation. There is a need for low cost, low maintenance solutions for the treatment of cellar effluent. Constructed wetlands provide such an option. However, the use of plants is problematic because winery effluent can be phytotoxic. After successful initial laboratory-scale experiments, an in-situ pilot scale biological sand filter (unplanted constructed wetland) system was designed, installed, and used to treat effluent from a small winery in the Western Cape, South Africa. The system is off-grid, totally self-regulating, and uses a modular approach which allows for the addition and subtraction of filter modules within the system to alter treatment capacity, retention time and/or rest filter modules. The system can be easily integrated into existing settling basins and/or retention ponds at small wineries. The biological sand filter was operational for 610 days, and showed promising results. The average chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency was 81% (range: 44-98%) with an average effluent of 324 mg/L, and an average flow rate of 413 L/day after the acclimation (start-up) period. The average hydraulic loading rate after the initial start-up period was 143 L/m3 sand day-1 (range: 67-222/m3 sand day-1), with an organic loading rate of 205 gCOD/m3 of sand day-1 (range: 83-338 gCOD/m3 sand day-1) which resulted in an organic removal rate of 164 gCOD/m3 of sand day-1. There was an average of 67% removal of total phenolics, thereby reducing the potential phytotoxicity of the effluent. In addition, there was a 1.6 times increase in calcium concentration, a 29% decrease in the average sodium adsorption ratio, and complete passive neutralisation of the acidic winery wastewater (final effluent pH range: 6.63 – 8.14. The findings of this study compare well with previous laboratory studies conducted with synthetic and authentic winery effluent. The system can potentially provide a low cost, energy efficient, low maintenance, sustainable means of treating cellar effluent at small wineries. Uptake of this technology may alleviate environmental degradation caused by irrigating land with inadequately treated effluent.
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Hromada, Dominik. "Posouzení informačního systému firmy a návrh změn." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444564.
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This Master‘s thesis aims to provide an assessment of the information system of the company Vinařství Soška s.r.o. and a proposal for its improvement. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part deals with the theoretical basis of the work, followed by an analysis of company itself, its environment and information systems. The last part provides proposals for improvements of the company's information systems and with the specific solution together with economic evaluation.
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Trachtulcová, Zuzana. "Vinařství." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227455.
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The subject of the thesis is an object of a new building winery, which is situated in the village Polešovice in region of Zlín. The object incorporate manufacturing part, accommodation part, social part and administrative part. The object is detached building with two above-ground floors and one underground floor. On the underground floor there are technical facilities, production of wine and stock for 60 000 litres of wine. On the ground floor there is a central part, where is a room for degustation. Next to this room there is a bar and kitchen. There are 10 rooms with capacity for 20 people. On the first floor there is a laboratory, rest room for staff, archive and office. In front of the building there is a park for 13 vehicles. The building was designed as a brick building with vertical structures designed from a structural system POROTHERM and concrete shaped bricks POSTA. There is a part of building with flat roof with vegetation and part of building with flat roof walkway and the highest part is covered with girder.
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Cichra, Petr. "Výběr a implementace informačního systému." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444593.
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This master’s thesis deals with the selection and implementation of an information system for the Pavlovín winery s.r.o. In this thesis is firstly introduces the theoretical foundation necessary for the understanding of this topic and subsequently is analysed the current state of the company with an emphasis on the information system and production processes related to process procedures in the field of cellar management. The penultimate part of the thesis is connected with the evaluation of the information system variant and the subsequent selection of the optimal variant, its implementation is described in the last chapter using the technique of project management.
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Bortolini, Magda. "Análise da estratégia de integração vertical: um estudo de caso de empresas vinícolas de vinhos finos do Vale dos Vinhedos." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2009. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2746.
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Entende-se por integração vertical ou verticalização quando os processos produtivos, de distribuição e outros processos econômicos tecnologicamente distintos, necessários para a fabricação de produtos ou serviços, são executados internamente pela empresa (PORTER, 1986), contribuindo para se ter maior controle sobre todas as etapas da cadeia produtiva. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a integração vertical entre as empresas vinícolas do Vale dos Vinhedos e os produtores de uva como elemento de estratégia competitiva. Além da integração vertical, existem diferentes graus de integração que podem ser adotados como estratégia pelas empresas: integração total, integração parcial, quase-integração e transações de mercado. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em duas fases: preparatória para obtenção de melhor entendimento do setor, o desenvolvimento do modelo de integração vertical e das faixas de categorização dos produtos conforme seu preço; final, constituída por um estudo comparativo dos diferentes graus de integra
It’s known by vertical Integration or verticalness when the productive and distribution processes along with others economic processes technologically distinct, necessary to the fabrication of products or services, are executed internally in a company (PORTER, 1986), contributing in order to own a higher control on all the levels of the productive chain. This study has as its aim analyzing the vertical integration between the Vale dos Vinhedos’ winery companies and the grape farmers as an element of competitive strategy. Besides the vertical integration, there are different degrees of integration which can be adopted as strategy by the companies: total integration, partial integration, closely-integration and market shares. The research was developed in two stages: a preparatory one for a better sector’s understanding gain, the development of the vertical integration model and the categorization products tracks according to their prices; and a final one, constituted of a comparative study of the different deg
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Lavička, Jan. "Honzovo vinařství." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240213.
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The diploma thesis deals with the design of a winery with accommodation facilities. The whole area consists of the main building, a building for storage of garden equipment and wooden cabins for lodging during summer time. The diploma thesis is mostly focused on the design of the main building with the winemaking facilities, five rooms on the second floor and technical background. All buildings in the area are appropriately placed considering the cardinal points and they are logically connected with each other by means of roads. The main building is fully provided with cellars where the largest part of the production and the sampling and presentation rooms are found. The shape of the floor plan displays a shape of the letter “u” with two above-ground floors. The whole second above-ground floor is created as a relaxation zone for the guests. Each room has its private balcony with a nice view of the neighbouring vineyards. The roofing is implemented by the flat roof with extensive vegetation and wooden roof trusses, fitting into the surrounding landscape.
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Zálešák, Roman. "Rodinné vinařství VILARO, Velké Bílovice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265592.
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This thesis describes the design of a project Family Winery VILARO in Velké Bílovice. It consists of two objects. The first is a guesthouse with a restaurant and the second is a production building with a tasting room. The guesthouse is submitted in the stage of building design. Production facility, a winery, is discussed further as the implementation project. The winery is located in a slightly sloped terrain. It has one partially cellared ground floor. The roof is atypical, one part is sloped triple-coated shed roof, second part is flat with stabilizing layer. The support systém mainly consists of brick blocks, ferroconcrete walls, ferroconcrete boards, ferroconcrete beam ceiling and prestressed concrete ceiling panels Spiroll. The project assumes using of typical building materials.
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Lee, Seung Bae. "An inductively powered multichannel wireless implantable neural recording system (WINeR)." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54009.
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A multi-channel wireless implantable neural recording (WINeR) system for electrophysiology and behavioral neuroscience research applications was proposed. The system is composed of two units: a system-on-a-chip (SoC) transmitter (Tx) unit and a receiver (Rx) unit. In the Tx unit, the outputs are combined with marker signals and modulated into pulse widths after the neural signals are amplified and filtered by an array of low-noise amplifiers (LNA). The next step involves time-division multiplexing (TDM) of pulse-width modulation (PWM) signals. The TDM-PWM signal drives RF transmitter block and is transmitted by an antenna. To satisfy the needs of neuroscientists during animal experiments, the proposed WINeR system provides long-term recording with inductive powering and stimulus-artifact rejection for closed-loop operations, which requires simultaneous stimulation and recording.
The Rx is another critical unit for wireless-link communication. To increase the area of wireless coverage, multiple antennas are used for the Rx. In addition, the automatic frequency-tracking method is used to track free-running Tx frequencies, and a smart time-to-digital conversion method is used to reduce noise and interference. A high-throughput computer interface and software are also developed to continuously receive and store neural data. The WINeR system is a potential tool for neuroscientists due to several advantages, such as a reliable wireless link with large coverage and no blind spots, low power consumption, an unlimited power source, and a stimulation function.
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Vojtěšek, Jiří. "MORAVSKÉ VINAŘSKÉ CENTRUM BRNO." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-354946.
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The city of Brno has always been a center of Moravian wine. The new draft of wine center responds to this reality and represents the grandeur of wineries in its full glory. Respect for nature, love for traditions and love for order/system are the main aspects of the design. The proposal is essentially open to the public, however, the necessary modesty is preserved. Conversely taciturnity of production part of buliding holds the secrets of the deep traditions of Viticulture and Enology. Designed buildings are used for production, wine storage, administration associated with the production, tasting and selling wine, conferences, accommodation and, finally, wellness and other activities. The size of the building is the result of an optimal design that does not interfere with nearby historical buildings. The emphasis is on minimizing costs both during construction and during operation. Flor plan shape resembling the letter L is oriented towards the west courtyard. This raises a unique viticultural area court with a wide staircase. The amphitheater can be used for seasonal exhibitions, pilgrimages or feast of local entertainment. The yard is connected with the street Hlinky, which paraphrases the historic entrance portals into winecellars. The northern part of the building bites into the ground and connects the original winecellars with new facilities. Small narrow windows reflects the desired taciturnity, just as it was with winecellars in South Moravia for centuries.
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Hafla, Aimee Nicole. "Winter cereals as a pasture-hay system in Montana." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/hafla/HaflaA1208.pdf.
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In 2006 - 2008 \'Willow Creek\' winter wheat and \'Trical 102\' triticale were evaluated for biomass production and forage quality under grazing and hay systems in Montana. Forage cultivars of winter wheat and triticale were subjected to a single grazing event at three growth stages (vegetative, boot, or heading) in the late spring. Subsequent regrowth from each grazing event was harvested as hay. Growth of winter cereals was modeled with environmental conditions. Both cultivars reached 100% headed between accumulated growing degree day (base 5 C°) 1090 and 1245 (between July 7 and 13) during the three year trial. During this period, winter cereals experienced rapid forage growth, and grew 1.4 to 2.6 cm daily and produced 87 to 248 kg ha-1 daily. In two years, triticale had superior forage biomass compared to winter wheat. Forage quality of winter cereals was excellent at the vegetative stage of growth and declined until the final forage harvest dates. At all growth stages winter wheat and triticale had similar levels of forage quality. However, the rates of digestibility of winter wheat pasture and hay were greater than those of triticale. When grazed at increasing stages of maturity, winter cereals demonstrated variable forage regrowth yield and quality. Delaying grazing until later dates coincided with hot and dry growing season conditions and limited forage regrowth potential. Regrowth of grazed cereals declined in forage quality with advancing maturity. Nitrate concentrations were high enough to concern producers with pregnant livestock grazing in spring or when grazing regrowth. Grass tetany was found to be a potential risk to lactating livestock grazing early vegetative winter cereal forage. In a whole animal digestion trial, winter wheat hay was had similar digestibility when compared to traditional grass alfalfa hay, in a sheep maintenance diet. Winter cereals can offer producers a viable option for a pasture-hay system in Montana. Maximum total biomass was a single cutting of hay at anthesis and early grain development. Therefore, it will be necessary for livestock producers to consider total biomass, availability and cost of pasture and hay, and forage quality, when using a pasture-hay system in Montana.
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Robertson, Gregory J. "Pair formation, mating system, and winter philopatry in Harlequin Ducks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24345.pdf.
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Williamson, Lance K. "ROPES : an expert system for condition analysis of winder ropes." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15982.
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Includes bibliographical references.This project was commissioned in order to provide engineers with the necessary knowledge of steel wire winder ropes so that they may make accurate decisions as to when a rope is near the end of its useful life. For this purpose, a knowledge base was compiled from the experience of experts in the field in order to create an expert system to aid the engineer in his task. The EXSYS expert system shell was used to construct a rule-based program which would be run on a personal computer. The program derived in this thesis is named ROPES, and provides information as to the forms of damage that may be present in a rope and the effect of any defects on rope strength and rope life. Advice is given as to the procedures that should be followed when damage is detected as well as the conditions which would necessitate rope discard and the urgency with which the replacement should take place. The expert system program will provide engineers with the necessary expertise and experience to assess, more accurately than at present, the condition of a winder rope. This should lead to longer rope life and improved safety with the associated cost savings. Rope assessment will also be more uniform with changes to policy being able to be implemented quickly and on an ongoing basis as technology and experience improves. The program ROPES, although compiled from expert knowledge, still requires the further input of personal opinions and inferences to some extent. For this reason, the program cannot be assumed infallible and must be used as an aid only.
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Herrling, Gerald [Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Mörz. "Morphodynamics of Barrier Island Systems / Gerald Herrling. Gutachter: Christian Winter ; Tobias Mörz. Betreuer: Christian Winter." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072304449/34.
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Daly, Christopher [Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter, and Karin [Akademischer Betreuer] Bryan. "Morphodynamic Equilibria of Embayed Beach Systems / Christopher Daly. Gutachter: Christian Winter ; Karin Bryan. Betreuer: Christian Winter." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1072078724/34.
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Daly, Christopher John [Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter, and Karin [Akademischer Betreuer] Bryan. "Morphodynamic Equilibria of Embayed Beach Systems / Christopher Daly. Gutachter: Christian Winter ; Karin Bryan. Betreuer: Christian Winter." Bremen : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00103530-10.
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Gaidos, Joan Marie. "Nitrogen Management in No-till Winter Wheat Production Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27352.
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Determining optimum N fertilization rate and timing is critical to improve yields and economic sustainability for no-till winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Virginia Coastal Plain. Little data are available evaluating N management strategies, optimum N rate prediction methods, or potential NO3 leaching under no-till wheat in soils and climate similar to the mid-Atlantic region. The objectives of our research were: (1) to determine economic optimum N fertilization rates and timings; (2) evaluate selected methods for predicting optimum N rates at GS 25 and GS 30; and (3) measure NO3 leaching loss under selected N management strategies. Eleven experiments over three years evaluated N rates at GS 25 and GS 30. Six experiments over two years evaluated pre-plant and December or GS 25 N rates under no-till winter wheat in farm fields of the Coastal Plain region of Virginia. Nitrate leaching was measured under selected pre-plant and December or GS 25 N application rates. All sites represented common Coastal Plain soil types and cultural practices for no-till wheat production. Yield data were used to calculate economic optimum N rates for a range of combinations of N management strategies. Optimum N rates were regressed against tiller density at GS 25, and wheat tissue N content and SPAD chlorophyll meter readings at GS 30, to determine their effectiveness as predictors of the optimum N rate at GS 25 or GS 30. Tiller density was
an effective predictor of optimum GS 25 N rate in these split application management strategies. However, wheat tissue N contents and SPAD chlorophyll meter readings were not effective predictors of optimum N application at GS 30. Yields across all experimental designs were affected by planting date. Timely planted no-till wheat consistently produced higher yields compared to late planted. Sites under continuous no-till production for 8 years or more also produced higher yields than sites under continuous no-till production for less than 8 years. Including an additional December N application with the more traditional N management strategy of pre-plant, GS 25 and GS 30 N applications improved yields. Nitrate leaching loss at selected pre-plant and December or GS 25 N rates was not higher than background check plot levels under timely planted no-till wheat. Additionally, economic optimum N application rates and timings at these sites did not produce NO3 leaching losses above background levels under timely or late planted wheat, except at one late planted site. These data indicate N application rates and timings in no-till wheat can be managed for improved economic sustainability and reduced environmental impact.Ph. D.
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Nayar, Sunita Maria. "Children's winter sports injuries & protective equipment : a surveillance system based study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/MQ55081.pdf.
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Vizard, Catherine. "Soil organic matter quality and nitrogen dynamics in sustainable cropping systems." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289279.
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Lenz, Frederike [Verfasser], Christine [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter, Christine [Gutachter] Winter, and Barbara [Gutachter] Steiner. "The endocannabinoid system and autistic behavior in the Fmr1- KO mouse / Frederike Lenz ; Gutachter: Christine Winter, Barbara Steiner ; Betreuer: Christine Winter." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151816264/34.
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Romanczak, Taryn. "Prediction of forage intake and production of steers in a winter forage system." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4214.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 104 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-104).
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Daniel, James B. II. "Using Winter Annual Cover Crops in a Virginia No-till Cotton Production System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35681.
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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a low residue crop, that may not provide sufficient surface residue to reduce erosion and protect the soil. A winter annual cover crop could alleviate erosion between cotton crops. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate selected winter annual cover crops for biomass production, ground cover, and N assimilation. The cover crop treatments were monitored under no-till and conventional tillage systems for the effects on soil moisture, cotton yield and quality. Six cover crop treatments, crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), hairy vetch (Vicia vilosa L.), hairy vetch and rye (Secale cereale L.), rye, wheat (Triticum aestivum L. amend. Thell.), and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), and two tillage systems (conventional and no-till) were arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. Cover crop biomass production depended on climate conditions. Ground cover percent and N assimilation by cover crops were directly correlated with the amount of biomass produced within cover crop treatments. Within a range of near average winter temperatures, all cover crops except lupin provided enough ground cover to comply with federal conservation tillage standards. More ground cover remained on the soil surface further into the cotton growing season following the small grain treatments compared to the legume cover crop treatments. Soil moisture was higher (P < 0.05) under no-till compared to conventional tillage during the periods of drought in 1997. Tillage system had no effect on cotton yield and quality in 1995 and 1996. High cover crop biomass production coupled with an extended cotton growing season in 1995 resulted in higher lint yield for cotton grown following the hairy vetch + rye treatment compared with cotton grown following the wheat treatment. High heat unit accumulation in October 1995 led to the over maturity of cotton fiber and high micronaire values for cotton grown following all cover crop treatments. The high micronaire values (5.0 - 5.2) for cotton grown in all cover crop treatments except hairy vetch + rye (4.9), resulted in a market price deduction of 1.4 cents per kilogram of lint in 1995. All cover crops used in this experiment, with the exception of lupin, provided enough ground cover within a range of average winter temperatures to meet federal conservation requirements. The winter annual cover crops in a no-till cotton production system provided greater soil moisture conservation during periods of drought, and produced cotton yields and quality comparable to conventional tillage.Master of Science
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Stefani, Faé Giovani. "Integrating Livestock And Winter Annual Forages Into A No-Till Corn Silage System." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1228162408.
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Garfield, Anna Osvaldsson. "Examining the influence of winter climate change across species and scales: a case for studying winter in temperate systems." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1565883487121879.
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Winter, David [Verfasser]. "Computer simulations of slowly relaxing systems in external fields / David Winter." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1032024623/34.
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Mbiyana, Keegan. "Winter Road Maintenance Planning-Decision Support Modelling." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-70475.
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Winter in Northern Sweden comes with very harsh and unpredictable condition associated with large amounts of snowfall covering roadways thereby affecting transportation by roads. When the road conditions i.e. the snow depth, road unevenness and friction of the road surface are accessed and found to exceed the threshold, a maintenance action must be carried out to retain the road to the required condition for the user. The aim of maintenance, in this case, is to make the road comfortable, safe and economical for the road user. Decision support system, therefore, comes in handy to facilitate on deciding what maintenance action to carry out and when the action should be carried out, where the action should be carried out and how to go about the action based on the various data and resources available. This thesis project concentrates on how to carry out a winter road maintenance after receiving an alert of an action to carry out, when to carry it out and the road network that needs to be maintained. The thesis work focusses only on two of the winter road maintenance actions namely snow ploughing of bus stops in Luleå and application of abrasives commonly referred to as sanding of bus stops. Carrying out winter road maintenance comes at a huge cost from both direct and indirect costs with the Swedish government spending about SEK 1.75 billion every year as indicated by Jana Sochor and Cecilia Yu (Sochor & Yu, 2004). This means that reduction in the maintenance cost of even 5% through optimisation of the maintenance cost would translate into a saving of about 87.5 million SEK per year and in 10 years could amount to close to 1 billion SEK. Optimization also leads to efficiency and effectiveness that could result in improved movement on the road and reduced environmental and social-economic impacts. Maintenance planning thus becomes essential for the effective and efficient execution of work and utilisation of the available scarce resource. This thesis project focusses on the use of Operations research methods to minimise the cost of carrying out a winter road maintenance action by finding the near optimal or if possible optimal solution and still deliver the required service level. The thesis delivers two main things: It first delivers a framework to support winter road maintenance decision making after an alert of an action is received and secondly an algorithm for the route that minimises the cost of maintenance by providing the route that minimises the travel distance of the ploughing/sanding vehicle from its source depot and back to the depot after completing a maintenance action assuming that the vehicle and material (fuel and sand) are in the same depot. The routes with minimum travel distance will, therefore, be that route that will reduce the labour time and in turn the labour cost, reduce the fuel consumption and the maintenance of the equipment due to reduced usage. The project uses a vehicle routing problem which is a generalised travelling Salesman as the optimisation technique to determine the optimal solution for the allocation of resources for carrying out a maintenance action to facilitate efficient utilisation of the available resources. This is with the help of a commercial optimisation software and support tools namely ArcGIS. To come up with the algorithm, the first step was a digital representation of the vehicle road network in Luleå for network analysis after which the bus stops were imported from google earth into the network. A two-stage optimisation was then carried out: first was a model for route optimisation based on the road network in ArcGIS with the objective function to minimise the travel distance and constraints based on the available resources. The results of ii the model were then exported into excel for the second optimisation for the optimal cost of maintenance done through a developed excel algorithm. The total cost of maintenance comprised direct and indirect cost. The direct cost consisted of the cost of fuel, the cost of personnel and the cost of hiring vehicles while the indirect cost results from the penalty fee charged for sanding and ploughing a bus stop after the threshold time given to a maintenance contractor by the municipality. Any bus stop that is ploughed after the threshold attracts a penalty per hour of the exceeded time. Six penalty threshold times were considered i.e. 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes and a single parameter deterministic sensitivity analysis was carried out for each cost parameters to determine the sensitivity of the total maintenance cost. The more relaxed penalty thresholds were found to be less sensitive to the direct cost and the total maintenance cost compared to the more sensitive ones. When the penalty threshold is relaxed, the optimal maintenance cost reduces, and the required number of vehicles reduces. The cost of vehicle hire was found to be more sensitive than the other costs. The results of this project can help the maintenance contractor in developing a work schedule for the maintenance personnel and improve vehicle fleet management. By modelling the worst scenario, a contractor can plan for the maximum number of vehicles required and consequently the personnel required. With the optimal travel route for each vehicle and the total maintenance cost determined, maintenance contractors can determine the sustainability and profitability of their business and be able to negotiate for a better and more sustainable agreement (Contract) or for the relaxation of the penalty threshold time if it does not affect the service level required i.e. the quality and safety requirements. The approach used in this project can also be used for other winter road maintenance problems.
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Showalter, Baylee M. "Effect of planting management factors on canola performance in high-residue cropping systems." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34624.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Agronomy
Kraig Roozeboom
Winter survival of canola (Brassica napus L.) is a challenge for producers using high-residue, no-tillage, or reduced tillage systems. In addition, as hybrid cultivars have become more available in recent years, this has brought about questions regarding best management practices to aid in mitigating winter survival challenges associated with high residue production systems. Overcoming production challenges will allow producers to diversify their no-till cropping systems with an oil seed crop having strong domestic demand. This research was undertaken to identify practices that could improve performance of canola in high-residue cropping systems. Two sets of experiments were conducted at twelve sites across Kansas from 2014 to 2016 to evaluate practices that could improve stand establishment, winter survival, and yield of winter canola. The objective of the first study conducted at 10 site years was to determine the effect of residue management, seeding density, and row spacing on stand establishment, winter survival, and yield. An innovative residue management system being developed by AGCO Corp. was compared to cooperating canola producers’ no-till residue management and planting methods in wheat residue. This on-farm experiment was conducted at ten environments across Kansas. AGCO treatments were 20 or 30-in row spacing and three seeding rates for a total of six treatments. Producer treatments included their preferred row spacing, seeding rate, and residue management practices. Winter survival increased by 11% to 29% as seeding rate decreased in 20-in rows at four of the five harvested environments. At Stafford and Kingman, the lowest yielding AGCO treatment produced 3.7 to 4.2-bushel acre⁻¹ more than the respective cooperator treatments. Reduced seeding rates in the AGCO system produced yields similar to or superior than the cooperator practice in all environments. Producers have been turning to planting canola in wide rows to facilitate residue management with strip tillage or planter residue management attachments. The objective of the second study conducted at three site-years was to determine the effect of seeding rate on winter survival and yield of hybrid and open-pollinated winter canola cultivars in 30-in rows. Treatments were four genotypes and five seeding rates for a total of twenty treatments. Winter survival increased with the lowest seeding rate at one of the three environments. At two of the three environments neither genotype nor seeding rate affected yield. These results indicate that seeding rates can be reduced from those typically used by canola producers in high residue, no-till or reduced tillage systems if residue can be adequately removed from the seed row. Both hybrid and open-pollinated winter canola cultivars responded similarly to seeding rate in 30-in rows in these experiments, indicating that similar seeding rates could be used for each type of cultivar. Management practices such as, narrow row spacing, reducing seeding rates, and adequately managing residue at planting may result in small improvements to establishment, winter survival and yield.
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Bis, Jan. "Řízení převíječky sádrokartonářské pásky (DWT)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316067.
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This thesis deals with a description of the industrial machine of the DWT (drywall tape) rewinder. The winder rewinds and cuts the drywall tape tape into smaller tapes, that are then sold. The first part contains a description of the winder, its structure and functions of its individual parts. The second part contains a description of the control system and the power wiring of winder. The next section contains a description of programming and setting of PLC, frequency inverters, and touch panel. Some modifications are then described when putting the winder into operation. The winder has been successfully implemented and built into a continuous shift operation. However, the development of the rewinder continues to improve its features and user-friendliness.
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Raine, M. G. "Pollination systems in Namaqualand : a response to a predictable winter rainfall regime." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25901.
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The low abundance and relatively low diversity of anthophilous insects in Namaqualand appears to have resulted in the extensive radiation in floral characters. The paucity of empirical data supporting the notion of pollen limitation, necessitates further research in the pollination ecology of the region. In particular, research should concentrate on finding evidence for a reduction in fruit set resulting from pollen limitation. By furthering our knowledge in this aspect of the ecological functioning of Namaqualand, we might be able to better understand and explain the observed pollination syndromes.
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Stokes, David Thomas. "The incorporation of tiller manipulation by chlormequat into winter barley production systems." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU010206.
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Chlormequat can be applied to winter barley for growth manipulation with a view to increasing ear number per m2 and hence grain yield, but, reviewing the literature on field trials showed the effects were not consistent. Previous work showed that the grain yield per m2 of winter barley was strongly correlated with the number of grains per m2 which itself was shown to be mostly influenced by the number of ears per m2. Three agronomic factors, cultivar, sowing date and nitrogen fertiliser, were identified from the literature as important influences on ear production in winter barley. These were therefore considered to have the potential to modify plant response to chlormequat, in terms of ear production, and might thus account for some of the inconsistency of the effect of chlormequat on grain yield in field trials. The intention of these studies was to move towards a description of winter barley production systems into which chlormequat may be integrated to consistently increase grain yield. Because little information was available on the growth, development and grain yield components of field grown modern winter barley cultivars, these attributes were monitored and analysed in detail for a range of modern cultivars grown at two sites in north-east Scotland in the harvest years 1984 and 1985. Tipper and Maris Otter were identified as strongly contrasting cultivars, being good examples of the extremes of the range of growth parameters found. In addition, the analyses identified the extreme importance of high cultivar biomass per plant for the attainment of high cultivar grain yield per plant. Evidence that increases in biomass have already contributed to the higher grain yields of modern cultivars of both spring barley and winter wheat was also found within the literature. The effect of chlormequat at a range of application times in the spring on early and late sowings of Igri, Tipper (low ear production) and Maris Otter (high ear production) was tested. When averaged over all cultivars and sowing dates chlormequat applied prior to stem extension significantly increased the number of ears per m2 in 1983--4 which led to increases in grain yield. In 1984--5 chlormequat applied at the start of stem extension significantly increased the number of grains per ear and significantly increased grain yield; within-plant uniformity, in terms of shoot contribution to grain yield, was also increased. Chlormequat had no consistent effect on the grain yield of the cultivars Igri and Tipper, but did increase the grain yield of both early and late sown Maris Otter by increasing the number of grains per m2. These higher grain numbers were achieved through consistent increases in the number of ears per m2 which were nearly always associated with increases in the number of grains per ear on the main stem and early primary tillers. These larger sink sizes of Maris Otter followed temporary reductions in shoot height which were offset by compensatory increases in shoot growth. The growth, development and grain yield components of Maris Otter were described in detail with a view to enabling cultivars with similar growth characteristics to be identified. Application of nitrogen fertiliser did not modify the effect of chlormequat on shoot height or shoot dry weight. In these experiments chlormequat increased neither ear number per m2 nor grain number per ear; therefore, the effect of nitrogen application strategy on the ability of chlormequat to increase in sink size could not be evaluated. It was suggested that application of chlormequat to Igri winter barley receiving more than 100 kg N/ha is unlikely to reduce grain yield. These investigations confirmed the extreme importance of high crop biomass for the attainment of high grain yield. The findings of these investigations together with the findings of a re-analysis of advisory service field trial data on the effect of chlormequat on winter barley are discussed in relation to commercial winter barley production. Finally, it is suggested that more consistent increases in grain yield may be achieved by restricting the use of chlormequat for tiller manipulation to cultivars of the Maris Otter type such as Halcyon and Pipkin which are slow developing, produce relatively large numbers of tillers and eventually many ears per plant.
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Cooper, Jeannie. "Modelling barley disease epidemics for use with decision support systems." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312358.
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In a field trial during 1995/96, epidemics of Pyrenophora teres and Rhynchosporium secalis were studied in winter barley with concurrent records of weather data to identify key environmental parameters that affect epidemics. Temperature was identified as a key influence in the onset of P. teres epidemics. Disease symptoms were observed to progress when daytime temperatures consistently reached 10°C and minimum nightime temperatures for the same period remained above 5°C. Short leaf wetness periods and longer photoperiods also correlated with increased disease levels during the P. teres epidemic. In R. secalis, relationships between disease onset and individual environmental parameters were not consistent, however, high rainfall events and prolonged leaf wetness periods were recorded prior to greatest disease increase. Hypotheses based on individual and combined weather criteria, based on the results of the 1995/96 field trials, were tested in controlled conditions. The effect of temperature on P. teres was confirmed, with small differences between ascospores and conidiospores. Latent period of both P. teres and R. secalis was influenced by cultivar resistance, inoculum concentration and plant growth stage. In a second field trial in 1996/97 reduced dose fungicide programmes, using hypotheses of epidemic development based on environmental criteria, were tested and compared favourably to a standard programme with greater fungicide doses. Environmental criteria were combined within a decision model for timed reduced-dose fungicide programmes for each pathogen, where risk scores were allotted for each set of criteria and fungicide treatment decision was based on the cumulative risk score. Both the P. teres and R. secalis decision models were tested in a final field trial in 1997/98. Lower disease levels and greater yield response, with lower fungicide input, was achieved from both models compared to a standard fungicide programme. The potential for using the P. teres and R. secalis decision models in a decision support system for cereals is discussed.
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Anthony, S. Camille. "Utah Wireless Integrated Network (UWIN)." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FAnthony.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Christopher Bellavita. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-52). Also available in print.
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Žďárská, Kristýna. "Cykloturistický GIS Moravských vinařských stezek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-390232.
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This thesis deals with creation of a geographic information system for two wine cycle route near by Mikulov. The main requirements were visualization of line and point symbols and research possibilities of publication data on the internet. Data, information and photos were collected in the field by the device Zeno 20 from the company Leica. This thesis was created in software ArcGIS for Desktop 10.4.1. from the company Esri and includes formation database queries and simple analysis over the measured data. Final GIS is available to everyone and allows to display the course of the route according to various criterions and points of interest for the needs of wine cyclist.
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Roslon, Ewa. "Relay cropping of spring barley and winter wheat /." Uppsala : Dept. of Ecology and Crop Production Science, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/a427-ab.html.
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Baglole, Carolyn J. "Development of the digestive system in larval yellowtail (Pleuronectes ferruginea) and winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0007/MQ30057.pdf.
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Herold, Maximilian [Verfasser], Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Winner, and Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "Redundant Steering System for Highly Automated Driving of Trucks / Maximilian Herold ; Hermann Winner, Steffen Müller." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201820537/34.
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Moberly, Joseph. "Crop water production functions for grain sorghum and winter wheat." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32560.
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Master of ScienceAgronomy
Robert Aiken
Xiaomao Lin
Productivity of water-limited cropping systems can be reduced by untimely distribution of water as well as cold and heat stress. The research objective was to develop relationships among weather parameters, water use, and grain productivity to produce production functions to forecast grain yields of grain sorghum and winter wheat in water-limited cropping systems. Algorithms, defined by the Kansas Water Budget (KSWB) model, solve the soil water budget with a daily time step and were implemented using the Matlab computer language. The relationship of grain yield to crop water use, reported in several crop sequence studies conducted in Bushland, TX; Colby, KS and Tribune, KS were compared against KSWB model results using contemporary weather data. The predictive accuracy of the KSWB model was also evaluated in relation to experimental results. Field studies showed that winter wheat had stable grain yields over a wide range of crop water use, while sorghum had a wider range of yields over a smaller distribution of crop water use. The relationship of winter wheat yield to crop water use, simulated by KSWB, was comparable to relationships developed for four of five experimental results, except for one study conducted in Bushland that indicated less crop water productivity. In contrast, for grain sorghum, experimental yield response to an increment of water use was less than that calculated by KSWB for three of five cases; for one study at Colby and Tribune, simulated and experimental yield response to water use were similar. Simulated yield thresholds were consistent with observed yield thresholds for both wheat and sorghum in all but one case, that of wheat in the Bushland study previously mentioned. Factors in addition to crop water use, such as weeds, pests, or disease, may have contributed to these differences. The KSWB model provides a useful analytic framework for distinguishing water supply constraints to grain productivity.
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Li, Rick Hao Chen. "Modelling nitrogen emissions from soils fertilized with dairy slurry." Master's thesis, ISA-UL, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13395.
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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia - ULDiffuse nitrogen (N) emissions from agriculture have been increasing for the past decades constituting a major environmental problem. Instruments have been implemented during the last years such as legislations, technologies and measures to reduce emissions, but the diversity of the cropping systems allied with the complex diffuse N pathways resulted in an overall inefficiency of these instruments. As such, a holistic approach is needed, being the system modelling one important tool for that. The Root Zone Water Quality Model was tested for a sandy soil (Haplic Arenosol) and a sandy loam soil (Haplic Cambisol), cultivated with winter oats (Avena Sativa L.) fertilized with dairy slurry. Field data was collected at Horto de Química Agrícola of the Instituto Superior de Agronomia in Lisbon, consisting of soil water, temperatures and drainage from 2014 to 2016. Data from previous studies (2012 to 2014) relative to nitrate leaching and N2O emissions was also used. The model was then used for scenario analysis. For the winter oats in the sandy soil, the model predicted soil water and drainage with efficiencies of 86 and 94 % respectively, while for nitrate fluxes below the root zone and the N2O emissions to the atmosphere efficiency was 89 and 93% respectively. For the sandy loam system, the calibrated model yielded efficiencies of 87, 94, 62, 76 and 85%, for the control variables. Scenario analysis showed the occurrence of pollution swapping as the hydrologic year changed from very dry to wet, decreasing the N lost through gaseous emissions. As to the temperature scenarios results show that for this type of production systems, the most unfavourable climate change scenario was A1B1 (+4ºC) may produce an increase of 25 and 18 % in the N gas loss contributions for the sandy loam and the sandy soil respectively
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Steeples, Summer. "Rheological characterization of four Kansas hard red winter wheat flour-water dough systems." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4206.
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Schwehr, Julian [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Adamy, and Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Winner. "Gaze Target Tracking for Driver Assistance Systems / Julian Schwehr ; Jürgen Adamy, Hermann Winner." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1238231578/34.
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Mudička, Štefan. "Cykloturistický GIS Moravských vinařských stezek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227103.
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The objective of diploma thesis is composition of operational geographic information system of Moravian Wine Trails. This paper includes description of data collection process, data processing in ArcGIS software and map server Marushka. Data presentation was performed by demonstration of most popular export opportunities.
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Menegat, Alexander [Verfasser], and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Gerhards. "Decision support systems for weed management in North China plain winter wheat production systems / Alexander Menegat. Betreuer: Roland Gerhards." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1034572571/34.
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Dube, Ernest. "Soil fertility enhancement through appropriate fertilizer management on winter cover crops in a conservation agriculture system." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001044.
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A study was carried out to determine the effects of oat (Avena sativa) and grazing vetch (Vicia darsycapa) winter cover crops and fertilizer application on SOM, phosphorus (P) pools, nutrient availability, nutrient uptake, maize yield and seedbanks of problematic weeds in an irrigated maize-based conservation agriculture (CA) system. A separate experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the winter cover crops on nitrogen (N) management, N use efficiency and profitability. After four years of continuous rotation, the winter cover crops significantly (p<0.05) increased particulate SOM and hot water soluble carbon in the 0 – 5 and 5 – 20 cm soil depths. When fertilized, oat was better able to support SOM sequestration in water stable aggregates at 0 – 20 cm whilst grazing vetch was more effective at 20 – 50 cm. Where no fertilizer was invested, there were significant (p<0.01) reductions in biomass input and SOM on oat-maize and weedy fallow-maize rotations whereas vetch-maize rotations did not respond, both at 0 – 5 and 5 – 20 cm. Targeting fertilizer to the winter cover crop required less fertilizer, and yet gave a similar SOM response as targeting the fertilizer to the maize crop. In addition to increasing SOM in the surface soil (0 – 5 cm), the winter cover crops significantly (p<0.05) increased labile pools of P, including microbial P. The cover crops also significantly (p<0.05) increased maize P concentration during early growth, extractable soil P, Cu, Mn, and Zn but had no effect on Ca and K. Grazing vetch increased soil mineral N but reduced extractable soil Mg. Without fertilizer, there were sharp declines in maize grain yield on oat and weedy fallow rotations over the four year period, but less so, on the grazing vetch. Grazing vetch increased maize growth, grain yield response to N fertilizer, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and profitability for fertilizer rates below 180 kg N ha-1. Oat effects however on maize yield and NUE were generally similar to weedy fallow. Based on the partial factor productivity of N, the highest efficiencies in utilization of fertilizer N for maize yield improvement under grazing vetch and oat are obtained at 60 kg N ha-1 and would decline thereafter with any increases in fertilizer application rate. Grazing vetch gave N fertilizer replacement values of up to 120 kg N ha-1 as well as the highest marginal rates of return to increasing N fertilizer rate. The cover crops were more effective than the weedy fallow in reducing seedbank density of Digitaria sanguinalis, Eleusine indica, Amaranthus retroflexus and Datura stramonium at 0 – 5 cm soil depth, causing weed seed reductions of 30 - 70%. The winter cover crops however, selectively allowed emergence of the narrow leafed weeds; Cyperus esculentus and Digitaria sanguinalis in the maize crop. The findings of this study suggested that grazing vetch is suited for SOM improvement in low fertilizer input systems and that fertilizer is better invested on winter cover crops as opposed to maize crops. Oat, on the other hand, when fertilized, would be ideal for C sequestration in water stable aggregates of the surface soil. Grazing vetch is ideal for resource poor farmers who cannot afford mineral fertilizers as it gives grain yield improvement and high fertilizer replacement value. Grazing vetch can produce enough maize yield response to pay its way in the maize-based systems and oat may not require additional N than that applied to the weedy fallow. Phosphorus and Zn are some of the major limiting essential plant nutrients on South African soils and the winter cover crops could make a contribution. The cover crops also hasten depletion of some problematic weeds from seedbanks, leading to reduced weed pressure during maize growth.
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Hostinský, David. "MORAVSKÉ VINAŘSKÉ CENTRUM BRNO." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-354994.
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The presented diploma thesis was elaborated as an architectural study of the Moravian wine center in Brno according to the assignment. The aim was to create a multifunctional object, which will serve as a center of winery in South Moravian region and also as a cultural center related to wine and gastronomy. The proposal of the building was created with the five above-ground floor and one basement. It is situated in a rowhouse on the street Hlinky, which is historically associated with the cultivation and production of wine. The wine center consists of the restaurant, hotel, gallery, winehouse, shops, congress halls, offices of the Wine Institute and a garage with an automatic parking system.
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Schulze, Julian [Verfasser], Metin [Akademischer Betreuer] Tolan, and Roland [Gutachter] Winter. "Das Phasenverhalten kolloidaler Systeme unter Druck / Julian Schulze ; Gutachter: Roland Winter ; Betreuer: Metin Tolan." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1141379783/34.
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Kateule, Ruthbetha [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter, and Jorge Marx [Akademischer Betreuer] Gómez. "Reference Architecture for Smart Environmental Information Systems / Ruthbetha Kateule ; Andreas Winter, Jorge Marx Gómez." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199537349/34.
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Dang, Hien [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Fürnkranz, Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Winner, and Arjan [Akademischer Betreuer] Kuijper. "Adaptive Personalization in Driver Assistance Systems / Hien Dang ; Johannes Fürnkranz, Hermann Winner, Arjan Kuijper." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228074151/34.
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Kateule, Ruthbetha [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter, and Gómez Jorge Carlos [Akademischer Betreuer] Marx. "Reference Architecture for Smart Environmental Information Systems / Ruthbetha Kateule ; Andreas Winter, Jorge Marx Gómez." Oldenburg : BIS der Universität Oldenburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1199537349/34.
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Jennings, Joshua D. "Improving the performance of winter wheat planted after grain sorghum in no-till systems." Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19061.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Agronomy
Kraig L. Roozeboom
Previous research has revealed that winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields are often reduced following grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] compared to wheat after other summer crops. The objectives of the study were to: (a) evaluate grain sorghum residue management strategies to improve the performance of a following winter wheat crop in no-till systems; (b) determine grain sorghum hybrid characteristics that facilitate planting wheat following grain sorghum, and identify winter wheat cultivars that are suitable for planting after grain sorghum; (c) evaluate effect of environment, sampling time, and grain sorghum hybrid plant pigmentation on phenolic acid concentration in sorghum residues. Experiments were conducted in environments suitable for planting winter wheat following a summer crop. Treatments for objective one were: glyphosate (pre-harvest application, post-harvest, none), residue (removed, chopped, left standing), and nitrogen (34 kg ha⁻¹ applied to residue, none). Treatments for objective two and three were grain sorghum hybrids representing three maturities (early, medium, medium-late) and two plant pigmentations (red, tan), wheat cultivars occupying significant planted acreage and having favorable performance within the region. Wheat yields increased in two environments by 217 and 630 kg ha⁻¹ when glyphosate was applied to the sorghum pre-harvest. Residue chopping or removal either had no effect or a negative effect on wheat yields compared to residue left standing. Nitrogen applied to the sorghum residue increased wheat yields in only one environment. Grain sorghum hybrid characteristics did not influence winter wheat yields in any environment, but winter wheat cultivar did influence grain yields of the winter wheat in three of the four environments. Breakdown of phenolic acids depended on environment. Results for these studies indicate that wheat yield after a grain sorghum crop can be maximized by planting a red-pigmented sorghum hybrid of an early or medium maturity, desiccating the sorghum crop with pre-harvest glyphosate if it can be applied to the sorghum roughly 45 to 50 days before a frost, and with a wheat cultivar that is well suited to no-till planting.
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Dye, Jeremy Brooks. "Comparison of Winter Temperature Profiles in Asphalt and Concrete Pavements." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2240.
Full textAbstract:
Because winter maintenance is so costly, Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) personnel asked researchers at Brigham Young University to determine whether asphalt or concrete pavements require more winter maintenance. Differing thermal properties suggest that, for the same environmental conditions, asphalt and concrete pavements will have different temperature profiles. Climatological data from 22 environmental sensor stations (ESSs) near asphalt roads and nine ESSs near concrete roads were used to 1) determine which pavement type has higher surface temperatures in winter and 2) compare the subsurface temperatures under asphalt and concrete pavements to determine the pavement type below which more freeze-thaw cycles of the underlying soil occur. Twelve continuous months of climatological data, primarily from the 2009 calendar year, were acquired from the road weather information system operated by UDOT, and erroneous data were removed from the data set. To predict pavement surface temperature, a multiple linear regression was performed with input parameters of pavement type, time period, and air temperature. Similarly, a multiple linear regression was performed to predict the number of subsurface freeze-thaw cycles, based on month, latitude, elevation, and pavement type. A finite-difference model was created to model surface temperatures of asphalt and concrete pavements based on air temperature and incoming radiation. The statistical analysis predicting pavement surface temperatures showed that, for near-freezing conditions, asphalt is better in the afternoon, and concrete is better for other times of the day, but that neither pavement type is better, on average. Asphalt and concrete are equally likely to collect snow or ice on their surfaces, and both pavements are expected to require equal amounts of winter maintenance, on average. Finite-difference analysis results confirmed that, for times of low incident radiation (night), concrete reaches higher temperatures than asphalt, and for times of high incident radiation (day), asphalt reaches higher temperatures than concrete. The regression equation predicting the number of subsurface freeze-thaw cycles provided estimates that did not correlate well with measured values. Consequently, an entirely different analysis must be conducted with different input variables. Data that were not available for this research but are likely necessary in estimating the number of freeze-thaw cycles under the pavement include pavement layer thicknesses, layer types, and layer moisture contents.