Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Winds'
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1
Bepple, Nancy. "A comparison of satellite winds and surface buoy winds." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28902.
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This thesis investigates the relationship between open hexagonal cell cloud motion and surface winds in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Cloud targets are tracked using an automatic
scheme fashioned after Barnea and Silverman's (1972) Sequential Similarity Detection
Algorithm. The cloud motion vectors obtained are comparable to results obtained by tracking the same cloud targets manually. The well-organized character of open hexagonal
cells permits a comparison of various methods of estimating the height of the cloud motion vectors. One method, which uses the minimum infrared pixel value, and a second method, which establishes an arbitrary minimum cloud top temperature, are both found to be unsuitable because of cirrus contamination and partially cloud filled pixels. The cloud motion winds for open hexagonal cells and disorganized cumulus clouds are compared
with winds measured at collocated surface buoys. The lack of directional shears between open hexagonal cell movements and surface winds, and directional shears of 14° to 27° for the disorganized cumulus clouds, agree with other observations for the two types of clouds. The differences between the two cloud types suggests that any estimate of surface winds from cloud motion should include cloud type information.Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
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Rahn, David. "Forcing and structure of the 22-25 June 2006 coastally trapped wind reversal using aircraft observations and numerical simulations." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1799961831&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Wise, Scott L. "Octet for Winds." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368025151.
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Kelley, Owen A. "The association of tall eyewall convection with tropical cyclone intensification." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3073.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.Vita: p. 320. Thesis director: Michael Summers. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computational Sciences and Informatics. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 3, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 291-319). Also issued in print.
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Au, Man Kai. "Monitory and validation of the wind characteristics at the Stonecutters Bridge site /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202007%20AU.
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Ndzukuma, Sibusiso. "Statistical tools for wind energy generation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020627.
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In this study we conduct wind resource assessment to evaluate the annual energy production of a wind turbine. To estimate energy production of a wind turbine over a period of time, the power characteristics of the wind turbine are integrated with the probabilities of the wind speed expected at a chosen site. The first data set was obtained from a wind farm in Denmark. We propose several probability density functions to model the distribution of the wind speed. We use techniques from nonlinear regression analysis to model the power curve of a wind turbine. The best fit distribution model is assessed by performing numeric goodness–of–fit measures and graphical analyses. Johnson’s bounded (SB) distribution provides the best fit model with the smallest Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test statistic . 15. The four parameter logistic nonlinear regression (4PL) model is determined to provide the best fit to the power curve data, according to the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The estimated annual energy yield is compared to the actual production of the wind turbine. Our models underestimate the actual energy production by a 1 difference. In Chapter Six we conduct data processing, analyses and comparison of wind speed distributions using a data set obtained from a measuring wind mast mounted in Humansdorp, Eastern Cape. The expected annual energy production is estimated by using the certified power curve as provided by the manufacturer of the wind turbine under study. The commonly used Weibull distribution is determined to provide the best fit distribution model to our selected models. The annual energy yield is estimated at 7.33 GWh, with a capacity factor of 41.8 percent.
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Laupattarakasem, Peth. "An Improved Hurrican Wind Vector Retrieval Algorithm Using Sea Winds Scatterometer." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2522.
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Over the last three decades, microwave remote sensing has played a significant role in ocean surface wind measurement, and several scatterometer missions have flown in space since early 1990's. Although they have been extremely successful for measuring ocean surface winds with high accuracy for the vast majority of marine weather conditions, unfortunately, the conventional scatterometer cannot measure extreme winds condition such as hurricane. The SeaWinds scatterometer, onboard the QuikSCAT satellite is NASA's only operating scatterometer at present. Like its predecessors, it measures global ocean vector winds; however, for a number of reasons, the quality of the measurements in hurricanes are significantly degraded. The most pressing issues are associated with the presence of precipitation and Ku-band saturation effects, especially in extreme wind speed regime such as tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons). Under this dissertation, an improved hurricane ocean vector wind retrieval approach, named as Q-Winds, was developed using existing SeaWinds scatterometer data. This unique data processing algorithm uses combined SeaWinds active and passive measurements to extend the use of SeaWinds for tropical cyclones up to approximately 50 m/s (Hurricane Category-3). Results show that Q-Winds wind speeds are consistently superior to the standard SeaWinds Project Level 2B wind speeds for hurricane wind speed measurement, and also Q-Winds provides more reliable rain flagging algorithm for quality assurance purposes. By comparing to H*Wind, Q-Winds achieves ~9% of error, while L2B-12.5km exhibits wind speed saturation at ~30 m/s with error of ~31% for high wind speed (> 40 m/s).Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical Engineering PhD
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Woods, John Anthony. "Winds in cataclysmic variables." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315732.
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Palladino, Chiara. "Numbers, winds and stars." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-221565.
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Moscoso, Michael Douglas. "Electron-positron pair winds /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Haag, Christian. "Temporal and spatial wind field distribution in Delaware Bay." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 9.11 Mb., 62 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1430767.
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Thesis (M.E.E.)--University of Delaware, 2006.Principal faculty advisors: Kenneth E. Barner, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering; and Mohsen Badiey, Dept. of Marine and Earth Studies. Includes bibliographical references.
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Magnan, Scott G. "Calculating tropical cyclone critical wind RADII and storm size using NSCAT winds." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA343430.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology) Naval Postgraduate School, March 1998."March 1998." Thesis advisor(s): Russell L. Elsberry, Lester E. Carr, III. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55). Also available online.
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Puls, Joachim, N. Markova, F. Najarro, and M. M. Hanson. "Clumping in O-star winds." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1768/.
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Oskinova, Lidia M., Wolf-Rainer Hamann, and Achim Feldmeier. "X-raying clumped stellar winds." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1813/.
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X-ray spectroscopy is a sensitive probe of stellar winds. X-rays originate from optically thin shock-heated plasma deep inside the wind and propagate outwards throughout absorbing cool material. Recent analyses of the line ratios from He-like ions in the X-ray spectra of O-stars highlighted problems with this general paradigm: the measured line ratios of highest ions are consistent with the location of the hottest X-ray emitting plasma very close to the base of the wind, perhaps indicating the presence of a corona, while measurements from lower ions conform with the wind-embedded shock model. Generally, to correctly model the emerging Xray spectra, a detailed knowledge of the cool wind opacities based on stellar atmosphere models is prerequisite. A nearly grey stellar wind opacity for the X-rays is deduced from the analyses of high-resolution X-ray spectra. This indicates that the stellar winds are strongly clumped. Furthermore, the nearly symmetric shape of X-ray emission line profiles can be explained if the wind clumps are radially compressed. In massive binaries the orbital variations of X-ray emission allow to probe the opacity of the stellar wind; results support the picture of strong wind clumping. In high-mass X-ray binaries, the stochastic X-ray variability and the extend of the stellar-wind part photoionized by X-rays provide further strong evidence that stellar winds consist of dense clumps.
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Pilorz, Stuart. "Galactic winds and cooling flows." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242035.
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Parkin, Elliot Ross. "Dynamical models of colliding winds." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.515380.
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O'Reilly, Mark D. "Winds in active galactic nucleii." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35752.
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This thesis is concerned with a number of problems relating to mass outflow in active galactic nucleii. A number of authors have discussed radiation pressure driven winds, and some have discussed the spectral evolution in such a wind, but under restricted conditions, e.g. the radiation spectrum is thermal at high frequencies. A number of authors have discussed the Comptonization of an arbitrary input spectrum in a stationary medium. In Chapter 2, I consider the evolution of an arbitrary input spectrum by a supercritical outflow. I consider outflows that contain a number of e pairs, these flows are supercritical for modest mass outflows. I find that the input spectrum is not significantly distorted, but that the high frequency cut off moves to a lower frequency. There is a major flaw in the model: most of the radiation energy is carried by photons of energy larger than 0.5 MeV; however, the Kompaneets equation, which is central to the model, is not valid for photons of this energy. There is also an indication that pair production is an important process in the inner regions of the system, a process which has been ignored. The second problem is concerned with the broad line region. The 'standard model' requires a two-phase equilibrium between a hot intercloud medium and cool clouds. This is incompatible with the radiative heating implied by observed spectra. In Chapter 3, I introduce generallised two body heating into the intercloud wind. I find that both the dynamics and thermal equilibria of the system are compatible with the observed velocities of broad line clouds confined by an outflowing medium at 109 K. Many BLR theories require the presence of a wind, probably created in the nuclear region. Variability observations suggest that the X-ray spectrum is also created in this region, this spectrum is often described as a universal power law. It is unreasonable to assume that this ubiquitous slope can be produced by arbitrary tuning of the input parameters. In Chapter 4, I describe a model where the wind dynamics and spectral slope are related: the disk atmosphere is heated by UV radiation and by injected e pairs, causing it to form a wind. The mass loss limits the optical depth of the atmosphere and hence the evolution of the X-ray spectrum, so that the system is tuned by the dynamics to produce the canonical power law. Unfortunately, some of the approximations used in the model produce a set of equations that severely limit the range of physical parameter space that may be sensibly investigated, one or more of these approximations must be relaxed for the model to be of greater use.
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Slater, Tim Paul. "Strong winds in extratropical cyclones." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/strong-winds-in-extratropical-cyclones(c45f2c25-68ce-4267-a17c-0ee6951bde76).html.
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This thesis was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and is presented in an alternative thesis format. The thesis consists of three separate journal articles which form a coherent research project. Paper 1 investigates the development of strong winds in a dry, idealised extratropical cyclone using the horizontal momentum equation. In particular, the southwest wind maximum that develops was found to contain air parcels from three airstreams. The development of the horizontal along-flow forces around the cyclone and along trajectories entering the southwest wind maximum were analysed. An attempt to extend this methodology to a moist, idealised extratropical cyclone was made. However, the effect of adding moisture to the initial condition was found to be negligible. The reasons for this are explored in Paper 2, which documents this finding: that the effect of moisture on the development of an idealised, baroclinic wave is sensitive to the choice of initial condition. Paper 3 applies the horizontal momentum equation diagnostics to an intense, marine extratropical cyclone that brought strong winds to Ireland and the United Kingdom on 12 February 2014. The development of strong winds in Cyclone Tini was investigated by turning off latent heat release and surface fluxes. In the absence of latent heat release a weaker wind maximum developed. However, the simulation without surface fluxes had a very similar vertical structure of the horizontal wind to the full-physics simulation, but a weaker surface wind maximum. The reason for this weaker wind maximum was analysed using the quasigeostrophic omega equation. This analysis demonstrated a maximum in forcing for descent southwest of the low both in the full-physics simulation and in the simulation without surface fluxes, however strong winds were prevented from reaching the surface in the simulation without surface fluxes because of a more stable boundary layer around the bent-back front.
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Kunkee, David Bryan. "Polarimetric millimeter-wave thermal emission from anisotropic water surfaces : application to remote sensing of ocean surface wind direction." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14689.
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Zeng, Lixin. "The verification and application of satellite scatterometer winds /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10077.
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Berg, Allison M. "The feasibility of sodar wind profile measurements from an oceanographic buoy." Thesis, (37 MB), 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA471871.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 2006."September 2006." Description based on title screen as viewed on June 8, 2010. DTIC Descriptor(s): Doppler Radar, Wind Velocity, Sound Ranging, Doppler Sonar, Buoys, Measurement, Motion, Oceanographic Equipment, Theses DTIC Identifier(s): Doppler Sodar, Sodar (Sound Detection and Ranging), ASIS Includes bibliographical references (leaf 75). Also available in print.
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Hamann, Wolf-Rainer, Lidia M. Oskinova, and Achim Feldmeier. "Spectrum formation in clumpy stellar winds." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1783/.
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Modeling expanding atmospheres is a difficult task because of the extreme non-LTE situation, the need to account for complex model atoms, especially for the iron-group elements with their millions of lines, and because of the supersonic expansion. Adequate codes have been developed e.g. by Hillier (CMFGEN), the Munich group (Puls, Pauldrach), and in Potsdam (PoWR code, Hamann et al.). While early work was based on the assumption of a smooth and homogeneous spherical stellar wind, the need to account for clumping became obvious about ten years ago. A relatively simple first-order clumping correction was readily implemented into the model codes. However, its simplifying assumptions are severe. Most importantly, the clumps are taken to be optically thin at all frequencies (”microclumping”). We discuss the consequences of this approximation and describe an approach to account for optically thick clumps (“macroclumping”). First results demonstrate that macroclumping can generally reduce the strength of spectral features, depending on their optical thickness. The recently reported discrepancy between the Hα diagnostic and the Pv resonance lines in O star spectra can be resolved without decreasing the mass-loss rates, when macroclumping is taken into account.
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Kusterer, D. J., T. Nagel, K. Werner, and Achim Feldmeier. "Radiative transfer in CV disk winds." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1784/.
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Mass accretion onto compact objects through accretion disks is a common phenomenon in the universe. It is seen in all energy domains from active galactic nuclei through cataclysmic variables (CVs) to young stellar objects. Because CVs are fairly easy to observe, they provide an ideal opportunity to study accretion disks in great detail and thus help us to understand accretion also in other energy ranges. Mass accretion in these objects is often accompanied by mass outflow from the disks. This accretion disk wind, at least in CVs, is thought to be radiatively driven, similar to O star winds. WOMPAT, a 3-D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code for accretion disk winds of CVs is presented.
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Buerer, Harry F. "Winds of praise symphonic band recital /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Nordström, Maria. "Estimation of gusty winds in RCA." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303867.
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In this study a new wind gust estimate (WGE) method proposed by Brasseur (2001) is implemented in a limited area climate model (RCA, Rossby Centre regional Atmospheric model). The WGE method assumes that wind gusts develop when air parcels higher up in the boundary layer deflect down to the surface by turbulent eddies. The method also gives an interval of possible gusts by estimating an upper and lower bound of a bounding interval. Two separate storms (December 3-4, 1999 and January 8-9, 2005) and a three month period (November 1, 2004 - January 31, 2005) are simulated with RCA. The results are compared to direct observations and to gridded analysis (MESAN). The result is highly dependent on how well the meteorological fields are represented in RCA. Since the storm of December 1999 was not well captured by RCA, the wind gusts were consequently not correctly estimated. The storm of January 2005 was well captured by the RCA and the wind gusts relatively well described. Both the storm of January 2005 and the simulation over a three month period give rather good estimated gusts over sea areas, while over land there is an obvious overestimation of the calculated gusts. A correction to the estimated gust is necessary in order to make the parameterisation useful. Such a correction is tested in this study. It shows significant improvement over most land areas and also gives a certain underestimation in other areas.Sammanfattning av ”Beräkning av byiga vindar i RCA” En ny metod (WGE-metoden) för att bestämma byvindar har i den här studien implementerats i en regional klimatmodell (RCA, Rossby Centre regional Atmospheric model). WGE-metoden utgår från att vindbyar genereras när luftpaket högre upp i gränsskiktet förs ner till marken av stora turbulenta virvlar. Ett intervall av möjliga byvindar erhålls genom att en övre och undre gräns för detta intervall beräknas. Två stormar (3-4 december 1999 och 8-9 januari 2005) och en tremånaders period (1 november 2004 – 31 januari 2005) har simulerats, och resultaten har jämförts med mätdata och MESAN. Resultatet är till stor del beroende av hur väl de meteorologiska fälten representeras av RCA. Stormen i december 1999 simulerades dåligt av RCA, vilket medförde att byvinden inte heller simulerades korrekt. Både stormen januari 2005 och simuleringen över tre månader ger en tämligen korrekt byvind över hav, samtidigt som man över land får kraftiga överskattningar av den beräknade byvinden. För att byvind-parametriseringen ska vara användbar krävs korrigeringar för att komma till rätta med överskattningen över land. En korrigering testades i den här studien med resultatet att ett förbättrat resultat över land samtidigt leder till en viss underskattning av byvinden i andra områden.
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Higginbottom, Nicholas. "Modelling accretion disk winds in quasars." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/368584/.
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Outflows are ubiquitous in active galactic nuclei (AGN). They can take the form of either dramatic radio jets, which extend vast distances into the inter-galactic medium, or of much smaller scale winds - whose existence can be inferred only indirectly via their influence on the observed spectra. There is good evidence to show that winds are likely to arise from the accretion disks thought to form the central engine of all AGN; they should therefore be observable in all such systems. The clearest observational signature comes in the form of the broad, blue-shifted absorption features seen in the spectra of broad absorption line quasars (BALQSOs) and the aim of this work is to investigate how the geometry and physical parameters of disk winds affect their absorption spectra. We first discuss the changes made to an existing Monte Carlo radiative transfer code, python, in order to extend its capabilities to include modelling of AGN. These changes include the implementation of an approximate ionization scheme which takes account of arbitrary illuminating spectral energy distributions (SEDs), and the inclusion of heating and cooling effects likely to be important in the presence of high energy photons. Next, we describe the second stage of the project which was to gain insight into the general properties of a wind exhibiting broad absorption line (BAL) features. We did this by performing radiative transfer and ionization calculations on a simple kinematic wind representation using python. We show that BAL features can be produced for plausible AGN parameters. Finally, we present calculations carried out on a more complex wind geometry, generated from a hydrodynamic simulation of a line driven disk wind. This calculation does not produce BAL features at all, and in fact the wind is too highly ionised to permit efficient line driving. This result is significant because it illustrates the importance of detailed radiative transfer in hydrodynamic modelling, and suggests future work.
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Gonzalez-Rocha, Javier. "Sensing Atmospheric Winds from Quadrotor Motion." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98657.
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Wind observations that are critical for understanding meteorological processes occurring inside of the Earth's atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) are sparse due to limitations of conventional atmospheric sensors. In this dissertation, dynamic systems and estimation theory are combined with experimental methods to exploit the flight envelope of multirotor UAS for wind sensing. The parameters of three quadrotor motion models, consisting of a kinematic particle, a dynamic particle, and a dynamic rigid body models are developed to measure wind velocity in hovering flight. Wind tunnel and steady level flight tests are used to characterize kinematic and dynamic particle models. System identification stepwise regression and output error algorithms are used to determine the model structure and parameter estimates of rigid body models. The comparison of all three models demonstrates the rigid body model to have higher performance resolving slow-varying winds based on a frequency response analysis and field experiments conducted next to a 3-D sonic anemometer.
The dissertation also presents an extension of the rigid body wind estimation framework to profile the horizontal components of wind velocity in vertical steady ascending flight. The extension employed system identification to characterize five rigid body models for steady-ascending flight speeds increasing from 0 to 2 m/s in intervals of 0.5~m/s. State observers for wind profiling were synthesized using all five rigid body models. Performance assessments employing wind observations from in situ and remote sensors demonstrated model-based wind profiling results to be be in close agreement with ground-truth wind observations.
Finally, the rigid body wind sensing framework developed in this dissertations for multirotor UAS is employed to support science objectives for the Advanced Lagrangian Predictions for Hazards Assessment Project. Quadrotor wind measurements sampled at 10 m above sea level were used to characterize the leeway of a person in water for search and rescue scenarios. Leeway values determined from quadrotor wind measurements were found to be in close to leeway parameters previous published in the literature. This results demonstrates the utility of model-based wind sensing for multirotor UAS for providing wind velocity observations in complex environments where conventional wind observations are not readily available.Doctor of Philosophy
Wind observations that are critical for understanding meteorological processes occurring inside of the Earth's atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) are sparse due to limitations of conventional atmospheric sensors. In this dissertation, dynamic systems and estimation theory are combined with experimental methods to exploit the flight envelope of multirotor UAS for wind sensing. The parameters of three quadrotor motion models, consisting of a kinematic particle model, a dynamic particle model, and a dynamic rigid body model, are characterized to measure wind velocity in hovering flight. Parameter characterizations are realized using data from wind tunnel, steady level flight tests and system identification experiments. Model-based wind estimations algorithms are developed using the kinematic particle model directly and by synthesizing state observers for the dynamic particle and rigid body models separately. For comparison purposes, the frequency response characteristic of the dynamic particle and rigid body models is examined to determine the range of wind fluctuations that each model can resolve. Performance comparisons demonstrate that the rigid body model to resolve higher wind fluctuations and yield more accurate wind estimates. The dissertation extends the rigid body wind estimation algorithm to estimate wind velocity profiles of the horizontal wind vector. The rigid body wind estimation algorithms is used to answer science questions about about the drift of a person in water.
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Zhang, Dong. "On the Theory of Galactic Winds." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1436837250.
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Hutchings, Nolan Lawrence. "Near-Coastal Ultrahigh Resolution Scatterometer Winds." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9117.
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RapidScat 2.5 km ultrahigh resolution (UHR) wind estimation is introduced and validated it in near-coastal regions. In addition, this thesis applies direction interval retrieval techniques and develops a new wind processing method to enhance the performance of RapidScat UHR wind estimation in the nadir region. The new algorithm is validated with L2B wind estimates, Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) wind products, and buoy measurements. The wind processing improvements produce more spatially consistent UHR winds that compare well with the wind products mentioned above. Hawaii regional climate model (HRCM), QuikSCAT, and ASCAT wind estimates are compared in the lee of the Big Island with the goal of understanding UHR scatterometer wind retrieval capabilities in this area. UHR wind vectors better resolve fine resolution wind speed features compared to L2B, but still do not resolve the expected wind direction features. A comparison of scatterometer measured σ 0 and HRCM and NWP predicted σ 0 suggests that scatterometers can detect a reverse flow in the lee of the island. Differences between scatterometer measured σ 0 and HRCM predicted σ 0 indicate error in the placement of key reverse flow features by the model. Coarse initialization fields and a large fixed size median filter window are also shown to impede UHR wind retrieval in this area.
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Potter, David. "Concertino for Tuba, Winds, and Percussion." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500331/.
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Concertino for Tuba, Winds, and Percussion is a work for solo tuba and an ensemble consisting of two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, bass clarinet, bassoon, four horns, two trumpets, two trombones, bass trombone, and three percussionists. The percussionists play small, medium, and large suspended cymbals, triangle, tam tam, metal wind chimes, five tom toms, snare drum, tenor drum, bass drum, two sets of two timbales, five temple blocks, maracas, glockenspiel, vibraphone, chimes, xylophone, marimba, and five timpani. The three movements of the work follow the arrangement of the standard concerto format (fast-slow-fast). The lengths of the movements are approximately four minutes and fifteen seconds, two minutes and twenty-five seconds, and four minutes and ten seconds respectively. The total duration of Concertino is about eleven minutes.
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Chiel, Benjamin S. "Autonomous parafoil guidance in high winds." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21117.
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Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)Guided airdrop systems lacking propulsion may be adversely affected by high winds. Strong winds encountered during Draper Laboratory flight testing prevented lightweight parafoil systems from landing accurately. This thesis introduces and compares multiple guidance strategies designed to address high wind scenarios in cases of differing wind knowledge fidelity. The algorithms presented significantly improve performance in high tailwind and shifting wind scenarios without compromising miss accuracy in standard wind conditions. This adds additional capability to parafoil guidance by substantially increasing the conditions under which accurate landings are possible.
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Duhaut, Thomas H. A. "Wind-driven circulation : impact of a surface velocity dependent wind stress." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101117.
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The use of an ocean surface velocity dependent wind stress is examined in the context of a 3-layer double-gyre quasigeostrophic wind-driven ocean circulation model. The new wind stress formulation results in a large reduction of the power input by the wind into the oceanic circulation. This wind stress is proportional to a quadratic function of Ua--u o, where Ua is the wind at 10m above the ocean surface and uo is the ocean surface current. Because the winds are typically faster than the ocean currents, the impact of the ocean surface velocity on the wind stress itself is relatively small. However, the power input is found to be greatly reduced with the new formulation. This is shown by simple scaling argument and numerical simulations in a square basin. Our results suggest that the wind power input may be as much as 35% smaller than is typically assumed.The ocean current signature is clearly visible in the scatterometer-derived wind stress fields. We argue that because the actual ocean velocity differs from the modeled ocean velocities, care must be taken in directly applying scatterometer-derived wind stress products to the ocean circulation models. This is not to say that the scatterometer-derived wind stress is not useful. Clearly the great spatial and temporal coverage make these data sets invaluable. Our point is that it is better to separate the atmospheric and oceanic contribution to the stresses.
Finally, the new wind stress decreases the sensitivity of the solution to the (poorly known) bottom friction coefficient. The dependence of the circulation strength on different values of bottom friction is examined under the standard and the new wind stress forcing for two topographic configurations. A flat bottom and a meridional ridge case are studied. In the flat bottom case, the new wind stress leads to a significant reduction of the sensitivity to the bottom friction parameter, implying that inertial runaway occurs for smaller values of bottom friction coefficient. The ridge case also gives similar results. In the case of the ridge and the new wind stress formulation, no real inertial runaway regime has been found over the range of parameters explored.
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Good, Danielle L. "Abstract horizons and concrete winds : the politics of development in the Cape Wind project." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44539.
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This paper discusses the politics of the first proposed offshore wind turbine development in the United States, Cape Wind. I analyze two sides of this conflict; 1) How residents’ protests of the turbines have problematized large scale renewable energy projects by equating the politics of Cape Wind to capitalist exploitation of land and resources. The ways residents have protested Cape Wind draws parallels between building turbines and exploitation of local resources, something that is more commonly associated with the development of traditional carbon-based fuels like coal, oil and natural gas. 2) I argue that the residents who opposed the project contributed to the developer’s ability to build in Nantucket Sound by contributing to a process of rendering the area technical (Li 2007). My goal is to provide insight into the particular ways the wind and Nantucket Sound has been made the target of development, and also to show how a certain class of Cape Cod residents reacted to the project.
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Schmidlin, Thomas W. Hammer Barbara King Paul Ono Yuichi Miller L. Scott Thumann Gregory. "Unsafe at any (wind). speed? Testing the stability of motor vehicles in severe winds." [Emmitsburg, MD : National Emergency Training Center], 2002. http://ams.allenpress.com/archive/1520-0477/83/12/pdf/i1520-0477-83-12-1821.pdf.
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Anderson, Bruce T. "Investigation of summertime low-level winds over the Gulf of California and the Southwestern United States /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3035918.
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Paredes, Fortuny Xavier. "Observational and theoretical study of the interaction of relativistic winds from young pulsars with inhomogeneous stellar winds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400492.
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Gamma-ray binaries are systems that comprise a compact object orbiting a companion star and display the maximum of the non-thermal Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) in gamma rays. Currently we know five gamma-ray binaries. All of them host an early type star and a compact object of unknown nature, either a black hole or a neutron star, except for one of them where radio pulsations have been detected.
The optical emission received from gamma-ray binaries is produced by the optical star and its environment. If the optical star is a Be star, then it presents a circumstellar decretion disk, being its size traced by the Equivalent Width of the Halpha line (EW). Numerical simulations of gamma-ray binaries hosting a Be star suggest that the circumstellar decretion disk is perturbed/disrupted during the periastron passage of the compact object by the tidal forces and/or the putative pulsar wind. The circumstellar disk contribution to the optical photometry is a significant fraction of the total optical emission. The observed optical photometric flux from it will be proportional to the projected area of the optically emitting disk. Therefore, any orbital variability in the optical light curves can be associated to changes in the circumstellar disk. We conducted long-term optical photometric and EW observations of the gamma-ray binary LS I +61 303, aimed to unveil the optical superorbital variability seen at other wavelengths.
We obtained the following results from the observations: 1) The optical photometry and EW present a superorbital variability of the orbital phase of the maximum, as seen in radio and X-rays, providing an evidence of the coupling between the thermal and non-thermal emission processes in LS I +61 303. 2) The optical observations present a superorbital variability of the flux compatible with the 1667 d superorbital period. 3) This superorbital variability is attenuated or missing in some orbital phases. 4) Orbital variability in a multi-wavelength context presents lags that can be naturally interpreted considering different emitting regions. 5) The observations seem to be only compatible with an extended and (quasi)-coplanar circumstellar disk. 6) The observations are compatible with a density wave scenario, and with a very restrictive precessing-disk model.
Gamma-ray binaries hosting a massive star and a young non-accreting pulsar present strong interaction between the relativistic pulsar wind, and the wind of the stellar companion, resulting in efficient particle acceleration and in the production of non-thermal radiation, from radio to gamma rays. The study of the dynamical interaction between the winds can be conducted through numerical simulations, allowing a qualitative analysis of the radiative output of the system. Furthermore, the two-wind interaction region might suffer the impact of an inhomogeneous stellar wind (hereafter clumps), making its dynamics and hence its radiative output more complex. We conducted RHD simulations of the interaction of
relativistic winds from young pulsars with inhomogeneous stellar winds aimed to provide a plausible framework for the high-energy variability observed in gamma-ray binaries.
We obtained the following results from the numerical simulations: 1) The two-wind interaction structure is very unstable and sensitive to the tiniest perturbations, which lead to quick Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) and in particular Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability growth. 2) The arrival of clumps can have a very strong impact on the whole interaction structure, which is expected to strongly affect the non-thermal radiation as well. 3) The clumps trigger violent RT/KH instabilities leading to quick changes of the shocked pulsar-wind region. 4) Clumps generate quick and global variations in the shocked pulsar wind. This can lead to strong short time-scale flux variability in the non-thermal radiation of gamma-ray binaries.
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Dahmer, Marc R. Market Patrick S. "Investigating near-surface wind fields as influenced by low-level jet occurrences in Missouri." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6555.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on November 13, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Patrick S. Market Includes bibliographical references.
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Skinner, George A. "The efficiency of flares in cross-winds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0012/MQ34419.pdf.
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Harries, Timothy James. "Spectropolarimetry as a probe of stellar winds." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367038.
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Spies, Peter-Jost. "The transport of sand in unsteady winds." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295798.
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This work is a study into the unsteady behaviour of aeolian sediment transport. A one-dimensional and a two-dimensional numerical model were developed in order to investigate the temporal behaviour of transport rate as well its spatial distribution. The numerical model of McEwan (1991) for steady state saltation served as a starting point in the development phase. Both models presented in this thesis are capable of simulating temporary varying winds. In addition, the two-dimensional model allows the relaxation of the assumption of streamwise homogeneous flow. The one-dimensional model was tested against results for steady state predicted by previous models. Further tests showed that the discretisation time step size Δt has an influence on the model's temporal behaviour. The reason for this is the better coupling of the wind-sand system when a smaller Δt is used. The implications of bed area choice on the statistical accuracy of predicted transport rate was demonstrated. In the one-dimensional case the grain cloud's total forward momentum equals transport rate, which is independent of model geometry. The initial over-shoot reported by previous investigators was found not to appear for simulation heights small than 50 to 60cm. This is due to the fast propagation of the grains' influence (momentum exchange) upward in the flow and the immediate deceleration of the wind. Confirmation of these findings comes from reports of experiments conducted in differently sized wind tunnels. Different types of wind velocity variations were investigated. The transport rate's response depends on the amplitude and frequency of the wind fluctuations. At frequencies higher than f ≈ 0.5Hz the transport rate was found not to respond to the wind changes.
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Davies, Benjamin. "The clumpy winds of evolved massive stars." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434215.
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Oskinova, Lidi, and Richard Igance. "X-ray Diagnostics of Massive Star Winds." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://www.amzn.com/1107170060.
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Tait, Brian. "By hotter winds : the road to Samarkand." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13002.
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Includes bibliographical references.We decided to go to Samarkand. Why Samarkand? No-one was certain, but it sounded exotic, and that was good enough for the four of us. We packed up our lives in London, bought a hardy vehicle, learnt some Russian, obtained letters of invitation from ministries of the interior, and set off. Along the way we ran into some trouble: treason in Croatia; psychosis in Serbia; sedition in Azerbaijan; starvation on the Caspian. And we weren’t even in Central Asia yet. We still had to negotiate desert roads and traverse the Pamir Highway, second-highest in the world. Before reaching Samarkand we’d have lost ten kilogrammes each, seen a hundred busts of Lenin and been harried by a thousand officious border guards and ex-KGB policemen. We discovered a region that is as beautiful as it is mystifying. Stranded ideologically between the Kremlin and the Koran, Central Asia is a baffling league of rival states. Held together loosely by the accident of geography and a common hatred for Russia, the alliance goes no further than that. Turkmen oil and gas merchants, Uzbek nationalists, Kyrgyz mountain folk and Tajik peasants all live in close and unfriendly proximity. Stalin pencilled in their borders on a whim, and with the fall of communism in 1989, many were left stranded, minorities under foreign rule. This is the world of Robert Byron, Colin Thubron, Fitzroy MacLean and Marco Polo; the Samarkand of Omar Khayyam, Timur the Lame, Alexander the Great and Genghis Khan; the fantasy of Christopher Marlowe, Edgar Allan Poe, Wole Soyinka and James Elroy Flecker. We wanted to see the land and its people through their eyes, but also through our own. Our journey took us through a land of extremes: over the snowy peaks of the Hindu Kush and through the parched Karakum Desert; across the ancient Amu- and Syr-Darya Rivers, known in the West as the Oxus and Jaxaertes; and ultimately to our destination – the great Silk Road capitals of Bukhara and Samarkand. The last, sad caravanserai had made their final journeys from the turquoise gates many years ago. What would the cities be like now? When the journey was over, and I’d experienced the road to Samarkand for myself, I put my version of it in writing. By Hotter Winds captures the exhilaration and tedium of travel and the shared experience of a journey by car. At the same time it offers narrow glimpses into the history of the faded Silk Road, its cities and its people.
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Wu, Zhaohua. "Thermally driven surface winds in the tropics /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10075.
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Oskinova, Lidia M., Richard Ignace, and D. P. Huenemoerder. "X-ray Diagnostics of Massive Star Winds." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2703.
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Observations with powerful X-ray telescopes, such as XMM-Newton and Chandra, significantly advance our understanding of massive stars. Nearly all early-type stars are X-ray sources. Studies of their X-ray emission provide important diagnostics of stellar winds. High-resolution X-ray spectra of O-type stars are well explained when stellar wind clumping is taking into account, providing further support to a modern picture of stellar winds as non-stationary, inhomogeneous outflows. X-ray variability is detected from such winds, on time scales likely associated with stellar rotation. High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy indicates that the winds of late O-type stars are predominantly in a hot phase. Consequently, X-rays provide the best observational window to study these winds. X-ray spectroscopy of evolved, Wolf-Rayet type, stars allows to probe their powerful metal enhanced winds, while the mechanisms responsible for the X-ray emission of these stars are not yet understood.
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Walls, Jacob. "Kernel." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19203.
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Kernel is a fifteen-minute work for wind ensemble. Its unifying strands of rhythm, melody, and harmony are spun out of simple four-note tone clusters which undergo changes in contour, intervallic inversion, register, texture, and harmonic environment. These four notes make up the "kernel" of the work, a word used by Breton to refer to the indestructible element of darkness prior to all creative invention, as well as a term used in computer science to refer to the crucial element of a system that, if it should fail, does so loudly.
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Steinhoff, Daniel Frederick. "Cyclogenesis Near the Adélie Coast and Influence of the Low-level Wind Regime." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1204812781.
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Konstantinou, Nikolaos. "Ocean mixed layer response to gap wind scenarios." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FKonstantinou.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Qing Wang, Roland W. Garwood. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62). Also available in print.
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Welt, François. "A study of nutation dampers with application to wind induced oscillations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29451.
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Energy dissipation due to sloshing liquid in torus shaped nutation dampers is studied using the potential flow model with nonlinear free surface conditions in conjunction with the boundary layer correction. Special consideration is given to the case of resonant interactions which were found to yield interesting damping characteristics. An extensive test program with the dampers undergoing steady-state oscillatory translation is then undertaken to establish the optimal damper parameters. Low liquid heights and large diameter ratios with the system operating at the liquid sloshing resonance are shown to result in increased damping, while low Reynolds numbers and presence of baffles tend to reduce the peak efficiency by restricting the action of the free surface. Tests with two-dimensional as well as three-dimensional models in laminar flow and boundary layer wind tunnels suggest that the dampers can successfully control both the vortex resonance and galloping types of instabilities. Applicability of the concept to vertically oscillating structures such as transmission lines is also demonstrated with dampers undergoing a rotational motion about their horizontal axis.Applied Science, Faculty of
Mechanical Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Havel, Patrick J. "Surface wind field analyses of tropical cyclones during TCS-08 relative impacts of aircraft and remotely-sensed observations." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep%5FHavel.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Harr, Patrick A. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 10, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Tropical Cyclone, Joint Typhoon Warning Center, Surface Wind Field, THORPEX Asian Regional Campaign, Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008, Western North Pacific Typhoons, H*Wind Analyses. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-76). Also available in print.