Journal articles on the topic 'Wind power – Case studies'
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Badrzadeh, Babak, Martin Hogdahl Zamastil, Nand K. Singh, Henrik Breder, Kailash Srivastava, and Muhamad Reza. "Transients in Wind Power Plants—Part II: Case Studies." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 48, no. 5 (September 2012): 1628–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.2012.2209193.
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Guenoukpati, Agbassou, Adekunlé Akim Salami, Mawugno Koffi Kodjo, and Kossi Napo. "Estimating Weibull Parameters for Wind Energy Applications using Seven Numerical Methods: Case studies of three costal sites in West Africa." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 9, no. 2 (February 19, 2020): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.2.217-226.
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In this study, the effectiveness of seven numerical methods is evaluated to determine the shape (K) and scale (C) parameters of Weibull distribution function for the purpose of calculating the wind speed characteristics and wind power density. The selected methods are graphical method (GPM), empirical method of Justus (EMJ), empirical method of Lysen (EML), energy pattern factor method (EPFM), maximum likelihood method (MLM) moment method (MOM) and the proposed. Hybrid method (HM) derived from EPFM and EMJ. The purpose is to identify the most appropriate method for computing the mean wind speed, wind speed standard deviation and wind power density for different costal locations in West Africa. Three costal sites (Lomé, Accra and Cotonou) are selected. The input data was collected, from January 2004 to December 2015 for Lomé site, from January 2009 to December 2015 for Accra site and from January 2009 to December 2012 for Cotonou. The results indicate that the precision of the computed mean wind speed, wind speed standard deviation and wind power density values change when different parameters estimation methods are used. Five of them which are EMJ, EML, EPF, MOM, ML, and HM method present very good accuracy while GPM shows weak ability for all three sites. ©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved
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Wang, Fa, and Mario Garcia-Sanz. "Wind farm cooperative control for optimal power generation." Wind Engineering 42, no. 6 (June 6, 2018): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x18780377.
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The power generation of a wind farm depends on the efficiency of the individual wind turbines of the farm. In large wind farms, wind turbines usually affect each other aerodynamically at some specific wind directions. Previous studies suggest that a way to maximize the power generation of these wind farms is to reduce the generation of the first rows wind turbines to allow the next rows to generate more power (coordinated case). Yet, other studies indicate that the maximum generation of the wind farm is reached when every wind turbine works at its individual maximum power coefficient CPmax (individual case). This article studies this paradigm and proposes a practical method to evaluate when the wind farm needs to be controlled according to the individual or the coordinated case. The discussion is based on basic principles, numerical computations, and wind tunnel experiments.
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Sarkar, Moumita, Müfit Altin, Poul E. Sørensen, and Anca D. Hansen. "Reactive Power Capability Model of Wind Power Plant Using Aggregated Wind Power Collection System." Energies 12, no. 9 (April 27, 2019): 1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091607.
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This article presents the development of a reactive power capability model for a wind power plant (WPP) based on an aggregated wind power collection system. The voltage and active power dependent reactive power capability are thus calculated by using aggregated WPP collection system parameters and considering losses in the WPP collection system. The strength of this proposed reactive power capability model is that it not only requires less parameters and substantially less computational time compared to typical detailed models of WPPs, but it also provides an accurate estimation of the available reactive power. The proposed model is based on a set of analytical equations which represent converter voltage and current limitations. Aggregated impedance and susceptance of the WPP collection system are also included in the analytical equations, thereby incorporating losses in the collection system in the WPP reactive power capability calculation. The proposed WPP reactive power capability model is compared to available methodologies from literature and for different WPP topologies, namely, Horns Rev 2 WPP and Burbo Bank WPP. Performance of the proposed model is assessed and discussed by means of simulations of various case studies demonstrating that the error between the calculated reactive power using the proposed model and the detailed model is below 4% as compared to an 11% error in the available method from literature. The efficacy of the proposed method is further exemplified through an application of the proposed method in power system integration studies. The article provides new insights and better understanding of the WPPs’ limits to deliver reactive power support that can be used for power system stability assessment, particularly long-term voltage stability.
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Romanic, Djordje, Ashkan Rasouli, and Horia Hangan. "Urban wind resource assessment in changing climate: Case study." Wind Engineering 41, no. 1 (August 1, 2016): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309524x16653486.
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Urban wind resource assessment in changing climate has not been studied so far. This study presents a methodology for microscale numerical modelling of urban wind resource assessment in changing climate. The methodology is applied for a specific urban development in the city of Toronto, ON, Canada. It is shown that the speed of the southwest winds, that is, the most frequent winds increased for .8 m s−1 in the period from 1948 to 2015. The generated wind energy maps are used to estimate the influences of climate change on the available wind energy. It is shown that the geometry of irregularly spaced and located obstacles in urban environments has to be taken into consideration when performing studies on urban wind resource assessment in changing climate. In the analysed urban environment, peak speeds are more affected by climate change than the mean speeds.
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Arslan, Hilal, Hakki Baltaci, Bulent Oktay Akkoyunlu, Salih Karanfil, and Mete Tayanc. "Wind speed variability and wind power potential over Turkey: Case studies for Çanakkale and İstanbul." Renewable Energy 145 (January 2020): 1020–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.128.
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Almohaimeed, Sulaiman A., and Mamdouh Abdel-Akher. "Power Quality Issues and Mitigation for Electric Grids with Wind Power Penetration." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 10, 2020): 8852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248852.
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Large penetration of wind energy systems into electric-grids results in many power quality problems. This paper presents a classification of power quality issues, namely harmonics and short-duration voltage variation observed due to the integration of wind power. Additionally, different techniques and technologies to mitigate the effect of such issues are discussed. The paper highlights the current trends and future scopes in the improvement of the interconnection of wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) into the grid. As the voltage variation is the most severe power quality issue, case studies have been presented to investigate this problem using steady-state time-series simulations. The standard IEEE test system namely IEEE 123-node test feeder and IEEE 30-node grid are solved under different operating conditions with wind power penetration. Typical daily load profiles of a substation in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and an intermittent wind power generation profile are used in all case studies. Mitigation of voltage variations due to wind intermittency is achieved using reactive power compensation of the interface inverter. The results show the effectiveness of these approaches to avoid voltage variation and excessive tap setting movements of regulators and keep the voltage within the desired operating conditions.
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Kirkegaard, Julia Kirch, and Koray Caliskan. "When socialists marketize: the case of China’s wind power market sector." Journal of Cultural Economy 12, no. 2 (December 21, 2018): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17530350.2018.1544581.
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Gupta, Praghun, and Neeraj Gupta. "Estimation methods for wind power potential with practical case study." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology 14, no. 3 (August 30, 2022): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijest.v14i3.6s.
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The potential at any location of the world for wind power must be appraised before it can be used effectively. The current state of wind resource assessment studies is provided in order to find appropriate methodologies. The Weibull distribution is a two- or three-parameter distribution function by which the wind speed's frequency distribution can be fitted properly . This set of curves has been proven to fit wind speed readings extremely well. The Maximum likelihood method, the Modified maximum likelihood method, Error of approximation, Method of Moment and the Energy pattern factor method are all offered as methods for estimating the parameters of the Weibull wind speed distribution for wind energy analysis. A sample wind speed data set is used to demonstrate the use of each method, and statistical methods of analysis are used to compare the accuracy of each method. The research aids in identifying which method is most effective in finding Weibull distribution parameters and determining the wind energy resource. In grid-connected wind producing plants, wind power forecasting is crucial for demand-supply equilibrium. Many accurate and dependable weather forecasting models use a range of modern methodologies. The electricity prediction is primarily dependent on short-term to second-by-second forecasting, intermediate duration of 2-7 days and with long-term prediction and short-term duration of nearly 2 days, with the help of various models.
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Zagubień, Adam, and Katarzyna Wolniewicz. "Energy Efficiency of Small Wind Turbines in an Urbanized Area—Case Studies." Energies 15, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 5287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145287.
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This study aimed to determine whether the wind zone that characterizes a given area of the country in open area is reflected in the built-up area lying within the zone. Analysis included four Polish cities located in different wind zones. The two-parameter Weibull density distribution function was used to present the wind conditions at each location. Two 3 kW VAWT devices were selected to evaluate the productivity of wind turbines at the locations analyzed. It was shown that the wind zones characterizing the wind potential of a region in an open area have no significant influence on the wind conditions in the built-up area located in that area. It was determined that the study location’s did not exhibit wind potential that could be economically justified by a wind turbine. WTs in the city do not reach their nominal productivity. A decisive advantage of very light winds was observed (up to 2 m/s) and a large proportion of so-called atmospheric calms. It was shown that the installation of small wind turbines in an urbanized area requires a minimum of annual wind measurements at the exact location and height of each future turbine planned.
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Feng, Jun Qi, Da Xie, Yu Jian Jia, and Rui Lin Wang. "Small Signal Stability Analysis of Wind Turbine for Shaft Torsional Vibration Studies." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.347.
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One critical task in wind turbine shaft torsional vibration study involves the modelling of wind turbine and power grid. Focus on the mechanical rotational system of wind turbine, this paper provides three-mass shaft model upon which one wind turbine to infinite bus model can be developed. The model based on small signal stability analysis is used to study the wind turbine shaft torsional vibration. For this reason, this paper concentrates on the union model of stall wind turbine and power grid. The small-signal stability model includes the mechanical system and electrical system. Each of the component-blocks of the wind turbine and power grid is modelled separately so that one can easily expand and modify the model to suit their needs. Then, this is followed by one case study to explain how the small-signal stability model can be used to study wind turbine shaft torsional vibration issues.
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Wang, Cai Xia, and Qiong Hui Li. "Evaluation of the Technical Potential of Wind Heating in Facilitating Wind Power Integration in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 1840–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.1840.
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Utilization of the otherwise curtailed wind to produce heat is considered an effective solution to combating wind curtailment. This paper studies the technical potential of wind heating in facilitating wind power integration in China. Technical schemes of wind-heating are proposed and their potential of facilitating wind power integration is studied both theoretically with probability methods, and quantitatively with case examples. The prospects of promoting wind-heating in China are also discussed. Results show that wind heating does help to facilitate wind power integration, but with limited roles. Other measures are still needed to thoroughly solve the wind integration issue. Analysis of wind-heating in wind rich areas such as Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang shows that it help enhance wind integration by 35%-45%.
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Liang, Chao, Jing Zhang, Yongqian Liu, Jie Yan, and Wei He. "Research on the Influence of Development Scenarios on the OLCOE of Wind Power: A Case Study of China." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (December 24, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3297050.
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To achieve a high penetration of renewable energy, wind power development in China has gradually moved to diverse manifestation (e.g., centralized onshore, low wind speed, and offshore wind power). However, preexisting studies regarding wind power cost neglect to consider the respective characteristics of different development scenarios. In this paper, the overall levelized cost of energy (OLCOE) model is established for different scenarios. Taking China’s wind farm data as an example, the impact of development scenarios and wind power permeability on OLCOE and its cost components is quantitatively analysed. The results show that, (1) in the low penetration scenario, low wind speed power has the best economy and is beneficial to the conventional units; (2) the large-scale development of offshore wind power requires a reduction in the cost of offshore wind turbines and submarine cables; and (3) at present, onshore centralized wind power has economic advantages, but there is little room for its cost reduction.
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Hu, Hongda, Zhiyong Hu, Kaiwen Zhong, Jianhui Xu, Pinghao Wu, Yi Zhao, and Feifei Zhang. "Long-term offshore wind power prediction using spatiotemporal kriging: A case study in China’s Guangdong Province." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 3 (November 27, 2019): 703–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598719889368.
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The predicted wind power in coastal waters is an important factor when planning and developing offshore wind farms. The stochastic wind field challenges the accuracy of these predictions. Using single-point wind measurements, most previous studies have focused on the prediction of short-term wind power, ranging from minutes to several days. Longer-term wind power predictions would better support decision-making related to offshore wind power balance management and reserve capacities. In addition, larger-scale wind power predictions, based on gridded wind field data, would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the spatiotemporal variations of wind energy resources. In this study, a spatiotemporal ordinary kriging model was developed to predict the offshore wind power density on a monthly basis using the cross-calibrated multiplatform gridded wind field data. The spatiotemporal variations of wind power density were directly quantified through the development of spatiotemporal variograms that integrated spatial and temporal distances. The proposed model achieved a notable performance with an overall R2 of 0.94 and a relative prediction error of 16.35% in the validation experiment of predicting the monthly wind power density from 2013 in the coastal waters of China’s Guangdong Province. Using this model, the spatial distributions of wind power density along Guangdong’s coastal waters at monthly, seasonal, and annual time-scales from 2013 were accurately predicted. The experiment results demonstrated the remarkable potential of the spatiotemporal ordinary kriging model to provide reliable long-term prediction for offshore wind energy resources.
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Albadi, M. H., and E. F. El-Saadany. "Impacts of Wind Power Variability on Generation Costs - An Overview." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2010): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol7iss2pp24-31.
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Although wind power is sustainable, environmental friendly and relatively inexpensive source of electricity, the effects of its intermittent nature on power systems need to be carefully investigated. This paper presents an up-to-date overview of the impacts of wind power variability on overall generation cost. Recent case studies from different utilities around the globe demonstrated that wind integration costs are much lower than anticipated by earlier studies.
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Herbst, Lynette, and Jörg Lalk. "A case study of climate variability effects on wind resources in South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 25, no. 3 (September 23, 2014): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2014/v25i3a2652.
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The wind energy sector is one of the most prominent sectors of the renewable energy industry. However, its dependence on meteorological factors subjects it to climate change. Studies analysing the impact of climate change on wind resources usually only model changes in wind speed. Two elements that have to be calculated in addition to wind speed changes are Annual Energy Production (AEP) and Power Density (PD). This is not only because of the inherent variability between wind speed and wind power generated, but also because of the relative magnitudes of change in energy potentially generated at different areas under varied wind climates. In this study, it was assumed that two separate locations would experience a 10% wind speed increase after McInnes et al. (2010). Given the two locations’ different wind speed distributions, a wind speed increase equal in magnitude is not equivalent to similar magnitudes of change in potential energy production in these areas. This paper demonstrates this fact for each of the case studies. It is of general interest to the energy field and is of value since very little literature exists in the Southern African context on climate change- or variability-effects on the (wind) energy sector. Energy output is therefore dependent not only on wind speed, but also wind turbine characteristics. The importance of including wind power curves and wind turbine generator capacity in wind resource analysis is emphasised.
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He, Wei, Kjetil Uhlen, Mahesh Hadiya, Zhe Chen, Gang Shi, and Emilio del Rio. "Case Study of Integrating an Offshore Wind Farm with Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms and with an Onshore Electrical Grid." Journal of Renewable Energy 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/607165.
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This research project explored the technical feasibility of utilizing an offshore wind farm as a supplementary power source to several electrical grids of offshore oil and gas platforms and providing surplus power to an onshore grid. Three case studies comprising wind farms rated at 20 MW, 100 MW, and 1000 MW have been studied with the focus on (i) the operation benefits of CO2/NOxemission reduction, (ii) the electrical grid stability, and (iii) the technical implementation feasibility. The proposed 20 MW, 100 MW, and 1000 MW wind farm cases are theoretically feasible in terms of the selected technical criteria, although further detailed design operational studies, and economical analysis are required.
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Ilic, Marija D., Le Xie, and Jhi-Young Joo. "Efficient Coordination of Wind Power and Price-Responsive Demand—Part II: Case Studies." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 26, no. 4 (November 2011): 1885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2011.2129543.
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Barashid, Khadijah, Amr Munshi, and Ahmad Alhindi. "Wind Farm Power Prediction Considering Layout and Wake Effect: Case Study of Saudi Arabia." Energies 16, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020938.
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The world’s technological and economic advancements have led to a sharp increase in the demand for electrical energy. Saudi Arabia is experiencing rapid economic and demographic growth, which is resulting in higher energy needs. The limits of fossil fuel reserves and their disruption to the environment have motivated the pursuit of alternative energy options such as wind energy. In order to regulate the power system to maintain safe and dependable operation, projections of current and daily power generation are crucial. Thus, this work focuses on wind power prediction and the statistical analysis of wind characteristics using wind data from a meteorological station in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The data were collected over four years from January 2015 to July 2018. More than twelve thousand data points were collected and analyzed. Layout and wake effect studies were carried out. Furthermore, the near wake length downstream from the rotor disc between 1 and 5 rotor diameters (1D to 5D) was taken into account. Five robust machine learning algorithms were implemented to estimate the potential wind power production from a wind farm in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The relationship between the wind speed and power produced for each season was carefully studied. Due to the variability in the wind speeds, the power production fluctuated much more in the winter. The higher the wind speed, the more significant the difference in energy production between the five farm layouts, and vice versa, whereas at a low wind speed, there was no significant difference in the power production in all of the near wake lengths of the 1D to 5D rotor diameters downstream from the rotor disc. Among the utilized prediction models, the decision tree regression was found to have the best accuracy values in all four utilized evaluation metrics, with 0.994 in R-squared, 0.025 in MAE, 0.273 in MSE, and 0.522 in RMSE. The obtained results were satisfactory and provide support for the construction of several wind farms, producing hundreds of megawatts, in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the Makkah Region.
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Ren, Hui, Dan Xia Yang, David Watts, and Xi Chen. "The Impact of Large Scale Wind Power Integration on a Regional Power Grid - A Case Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 472 (January 2014): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.219.
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Renewable Energy especially wind energy integration has attained profound growth across the worldwide power system. Wind energy integration at large scale comes up with the challenge on voltages and reactive power management at power system level. The research work presented in this paper has analyzed the impact of wind energy on reactive power reserve with special reference to Hebei Southern Power System. The maximum wind power integration capacity is calculated, and the effect of increasing wind power integration on voltage profiles is studied. Possible controls from system sides and its effects on wind power integration are explored. Study shows that with the increase of the wind power integration capacity, the intermittency and variation will bring more serious problems to the system frequency regulation, reserve service and voltage control. These problems also become the limiting factors for further increase of large-scale wind power integration. In order to make a better use of wind power resources in Heibei province and maintain system safety at the same time, further research should be performed on exploring the reactive and active power regulation and control of the wind farm and the methods to decrease the variability of wind farm outputs.
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Yu, Qihui, Li Tian, Xiaodong Li, and Xin Tan. "Compressed Air Energy Storage Capacity Configuration and Economic Evaluation Considering the Uncertainty of Wind Energy." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 24, 2022): 4637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134637.
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The random nature of wind energy is an important reason for the low energy utilization rate of wind farms. The use of a compressed air energy storage system (CAES) can help reduce the random characteristics of wind power generation while also increasing the utilization rate of wind energy. However, the unreasonable capacity allocation of the CAES system results in high capital investment and a long payback period. In order to improve the economic benefits of energy storage, this paper studies the capacity configuration of compressed air energy storage systems under the condition of wind energy uncertainty. First, the typical hourly power distribution of wind power generation was obtained using historical data. Factors such as user load demand, time-of-use price of the power grid, system investment cost, power shortage cost, and power sales revenue were considered. Then, a model was built with the charging and discharging power and gas storage capacity of the CAES system as constraints, and the maximum return on investment and the minimum volume of the gas storage tank as targets. NSGA-II and TOPSIS optimal selection methods were used to solve the problem. Finally, the model was used to optimize a power operation case. The results show that in the case of an hourly load power demand of a factory using 3.2 MW, a wind farm would need to keep four wind turbines running every day, and a compressed air energy storage system with a rated power of 1 MW and a rated capacity of 7 MW would ensure the best project benefit. In this mode, 1.24 × 103 MWh of wind abandoning power could be reduced annually, 2.6 × 104 kg of carbon emissions could be reduced by increasing energy storage within the operation cycle, and the payback period of investment would only be 4.8 years.
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Nawal, Taleb, Bentouati Bachir, Chettih Saliha, Harrouz Abdelkader, and Ragab El-Sehiemy. "Renewable Energy Sources Scheduling Approach for Windfarm Layout Optimization by Using Ant Lion Optimization Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 905 (February 15, 2022): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-1bvgm9.
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The increasing penetration of RES and the intermittent nature of various distributed power generation (DG) resources have created uncertainty in variable power production and power systems. The overall energy output of a wind farm may be optimized by strategically positioning wind turbines. This paper proposes a three-step strategy to dealing with the difficult-to-control problem of wind farm layout optimization. To construct the non-wake and wake impacts at various levels, three case scenarios are studied. The proposed strategy is used to a particular Ant-Lion Optimization Algorithm (ALOA) as a novel approach to producing highly efficient optimal output power, as well as case studies using actual wind data assessing potential turbine site. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the suggested approach is robust in ALOA design because it further reduces the objective function on the best new outcomes to implement all network restrictions acquired via the analysis.
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Chen, Ming-Hong, Yan-Ting Lin, Pao-Hsiung Chiu, Ching-Chang Cho, and Huei Chu Weng. "Wind Resources Assessment and Development of Grid Connected Wind Farm—A Case Study." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 8903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218903.
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In the present study, the case study of micro-siting for the campus of the Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (INER) is conducted. Results from the effect of weather data suggest that for the wind turbine system higher than 20 m, the effect of nearby building and wake on electricity production would be less important. The effect of different weather data on the generated annual electricity production (AEP) is consistent for the wind turbine higher than 20 m. The difference between the calculated and real AEP of INER-150 kW wind turbine is only 1.1%, which is much better than some previous studies. The good agreement is mainly due to the higher height of the INER-150 kW (50 m), more stable coming wind and smaller impact of building on the performance of power production. Considering the proactivity on the installation for the site in INER campus, the finalized decision on the selection of wind turbine is 1 kW system. The power generation-related data are collected and processed for the fine tuning of model parameters in the future.
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Yang, Dong Feng, and Su Quan Zhou. "Power System with Wind Power Connection Anti-Peak Regulation Ability Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 214 (November 2012): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.214.417.
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In the condition of large scale wind power connection, the uncertain of the wind power output takes great challenge to the peak regulation. In this paper for some wind power connection system, the influence of wind power connection to the peak regulation was studied by analyzing the system load and the historical real data after the wind power connection. The computation model which evaluates the normal units’ anti- peak adjusting capability was built and the multiply integer program algorithm was used to solve this model. A real case was used to test the exactness and feasibility of the computation model.
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Holttinen, Hannele, and Göran Koreneff. "Imbalance Costs of Wind Power for a Hydro Power Producer in Finland." Wind Engineering 36, no. 1 (February 2012): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/0309-524x.36.1.53.
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This paper studies imbalance costs for wind power for different options of managing imbalances from a large producer point of view. In the Nordic electricity markets wind power producers at the markets sell their production based on day-ahead forecasts and pay imbalance fees for prediction errors. Most of the wind power production goes through Balance Responsible Players that have time to adjust the planned production levels or enter trades up to the hour of delivery. In this paper, the imbalance fees for dispersed wind power in Finland for year 2004 data are calculated with four options. The base case leaves all day-ahead forecast errors to balance settlement. Imbalance cost will then be 0.62 €/MWh for dispersed wind power in Finland. The crossover benefit of combining the imbalances of wind with imbalances of load and other production proves to be large, especially if the imbalances can be combined with those of load. Different options for active trade 3 hours before delivery or internal balancing show that it is only cost effective if trading close to spot market prices (at low wind penetration). A rough estimate shows that 400 MW of hydro power could provide internal balancing to cover 83…63% of the forecast errors of wind power, when wind power is 200…400 MW. The market value for this balancing service was 1.3 €/MWh with 2004 prices.
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Cai, Zhi, De Yue Men, Wei Dong, Sai Dai, Hui Cui, and Xiao Tian Zhang. "Unit Commitment Considering Wind Power and Electrochemical Energy Storage System." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.387.
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With the rapid development of wind power, electric grid faces significant challenges from the variable nature and anti-peak-regulation characteristic of wind power. In order to mitigate the impact of wind power, large capacity electrochemical energy storage is proposed to solve this problem. This study establishes a unit commitment (UC) model with large capacity electrochemical energy storage given the specific characteristics. Meanwhile, wind forecast deviation and curtailment are considered. Case studies with modified IEEE 39-bus system are employed to validate the proposed method. The impact of electrochemical energy storage system on economics, peak load shifting and accommodating wind power is analyzed.
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Harby, Mahmoud Essam, Said Elsayed Elmasry, Adel Elsamahy, Luis Marroyo, and Javier Marcos. "Impact of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on power system with high wind power penetration." IAES International Journal of Robotics and Automation (IJRA) 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijra.v8i2.pp146-154.
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The rising energy independence and environmental concerns are key drivers in the growing popularity of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Because of the intermittent nature of the renewable energy sources, this may cause a high-frequency oscillation of the power system. From another aspect, all the PHEVs have in common the batteries, which provide the storage capability that can be effectively harnessed when the vehicles are integrated into the grid. Such a storage capability can effectively integrate wind power into the grid and all indicators signalize that the PHEVs are the most promising technology of the future transportation system. In this paper, different case studies are applied on one area power system to show the effect of the high wind energy penetration on the power system frequency and how the PHEVs can play an effective role in mitigating the power system frequency oscillation and supporting the more penetration of the wind energy into smarter electrical grids. In addition, an advanced controller has been designed to improve the frequency response and to compensate the delay of the system. The designed controller is a genetic algorithm (GA) based PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller, it has been proposed for tuning optimized PID parameters. The results show that the controller has played an effective role in decreasing the response overshoot and settling time when used with the PHEVs. The used variable load, the thermal power plant parameters, and the wind turbine parameters are the same for the five case studies.
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Staupe-Delgado, Reidar, and Philip R. Coombes. "Life in Anticipation of Wind Power Development: Three Cases from Coastal Norway." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 21, 2020): 10666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410666.
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Wind power development, whilst welcomed by many as a potentially green source of energy, also gives rise to considerable local resistance. Drawing on three case studies from coastal Norway (Frøya, Haramsøy, and Egersund), the present article sets out to reflect on life in anticipation of wind power development. Reflecting on the nature of life in anticipation of undesired wind power developments, with implications for how life is lived in dread of imminent adversities in general (such as climate change, pandemics, and disaster risks), these case studies focus on how communities relate to the future and how they perceive and strive to organise so as to shape outcomes. A central point raised in this article is that wind power projects could become more socially, environmentally and economically sustainable if greater attention is paid to working with communities to reduce distrust and uncertainties before, during and after such projects. Hence, relational work carried out that may shape the affective state of anticipation prior to and during wind farm construction can be understood as crucial to the sustainability of large-scale green infrastructure projects.
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Assaf, Bassam, and G. Zihri. "Reducing blackouts via wind power, a sparse grid case in Lebanon." Lebanese Science Journal 18, no. 1 (June 21, 2017): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-018.1.106121.
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The statistical analysis of wind speed is an essential requirement in estimating the wind energy potential to generate electrical power by grouping and assessing the yearly observations of a selected site. In our attempt to study the wind energy potential in Lebanon we propose an estimation of wind potential by analyzing the wind characteristics of nine regions where the meteorological stations are located. The Weibull distribution function and its parameters were determined and the energy potential of the wind was assessed in each of the studied sites. The comparison of the resulting power density with the PNL classification scheme in Dahr-El-Baidar, Ksara, Marjayoun and Qlaiat proved that Lebanon posses an important opportunity to generate electric power from wind especially during seasons of peak consumption.
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Osman, Peter, Jennifer A. Hayward, Irene Penesis, Philip Marsh, Mark A. Hemer, David Griffin, Saad Sayeef, et al. "Dispatchability, Energy Security, and Reduced Capital Cost in Tidal-Wind and Tidal-Solar Energy Farms." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 16, 2021): 8504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248504.
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The global tidal energy resource for electricity generation is small, and converting tidal kinetic energy to electricity is expensive compared to solar-photovoltaic or land-based wind turbine generators. However, as the renewable energy content in electricity supplies grows, the need to stabilise these supplies increases. This paper describes tidal energy’s potential to reduce intermittency and variability in electricity supplied from solar and wind power farms while lowering the capital expenditure needed to improve dispatchability. The paper provides a model and hypothetical case studies to demonstrate how sharing energy storage between tidal stream power generators and wind or solar power generators can mitigate the level, frequency, and duration of power loss from wind or solar PV farms. The improvements in dispatchability use tidal energy’s innate regularity and take account of tidal asymmetry and extended duration low-velocity neap tides. The case studies are based on a national assessment of Australian tidal energy resources carried out from 2018 to 2021.
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Fei, Wang, Pan Wenxia, and Quan Rui. "Impact of Wind Power Generation on System Operation and Costs." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001408010580.
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In this paper, a deterministic security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) model is deployed in order to optimize generation output and allocation for spinning reserve considering different wind power dispatch modes. In this model, the scheduling of power plants takes into account a simultaneous clearing of power, reserve capacity requirement and CO2 emission and so on. Spinning reserve is modelled as an exogenous parameter which represents load uncertainty and wind power uncertainty. Special attention in the study is given to determine the impact of different dispatch modes with wind power and different levels of spinning reserve requirement on system operation and costs. The proposed model can be formulated as a mixed-integer problem (MIP) and solved in GAMS by using the CPLEX optimizer. The model is applied to a wind-fired intensive power system for three case studies. The results include the optimal spinning reserve and generator output of each generator, CO2 emission cost and cost of wind power for each case study. The results show that taking wind power as a control option can improves system operation and costs if wind generation and traditional sources generation are coordinated properly.
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Wang, Yuxuan, and Tianye Sun. "Life cycle assessment of CO2 emissions from wind power plants: Methodology and case studies." Renewable Energy 43 (July 2012): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.12.017.
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D’Amico, Guglielmo, Giovanni Masala, Filippo Petroni, and Robert Adam Sobolewski. "Managing Wind Power Generation via Indexed Semi-Markov Model and Copula." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2020): 4246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164246.
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Because of the stochastic nature of wind turbines, the output power management of wind power generation (WPG) is a fundamental challenge for the integration of wind energy systems into either power systems or microgrids (i.e., isolated systems consisting of local wind energy systems only) in operation and planning studies. In general, a wind energy system can refer to both one wind farm consisting of a number of wind turbines and a given number of wind farms sited at the area in question. In power systems (microgrid) planning, a WPG should be quantified for the determination of the expected power flows and the analysis of the adequacy of power generation. Concerning this operation, the WPG should be incorporated into an optimal operation decision process, as well as unit commitment and economic dispatch studies. In both cases, the probabilistic investigation of WPG leads to a multivariate uncertainty analysis problem involving correlated random variables (the output power of either wind turbines that constitute wind farm or wind farms sited at the area in question) that follow different distributions. This paper advances a multivariate model of WPG for a wind farm that relies on indexed semi-Markov chains (ISMC) to represent the output power of each wind energy system in question and a copula function to reproduce the spatial dependencies of the energy systems’ output power. The ISMC model can reproduce long-term memory effects in the temporal dependence of turbine power and thus understand, as distinct cases, the plethora of Markovian models. Using copula theory, we incorporate non-linear spatial dependencies into the model that go beyond linear correlations. Some copula functions that are frequently used in applications are taken into consideration in the paper; i.e., Gumbel copula, Gaussian copula, and the t-Student copula with different degrees of freedom. As a case study, we analyze a real dataset of the output powers of six wind turbines that constitute a wind farm situated in Poland. This dataset is compared with the synthetic data generated by the model thorough the calculation of three adequacy indices commonly used at the first hierarchical level of power system reliability studies; i.e., loss of load probability (LOLP), loss of load hours (LOLH) and loss of load expectation (LOLE). The results will be compared with those obtained using other models that are well known in the econometric field; i.e., vector autoregressive models (VAR).
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Zhang, Yuqi, Chuan He, Anqi Xv, and Xiaoxiao Tang. "Two-Stage Chance-Constrained Coordinated Operation of an Integrated Gas–Electric System." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 18, 2022): 4458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124458.
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Under the background that the high penetration of renewable energy generation, which mainly consists of wind power, will have a significant impact on electric power systems due to the volatility and uncertainty of renewable energy, energy systems with gas–electric coupling and interconnections have been widely studied to accommodate renewable energy generation. This paper proposes a two-stage chance-constrained coordinated operation model of an integrated gas–electric system and fully considers the uncertainty and high penetration of wind power. The Taylor series expansion method is used to linearize the Weymouth gas flow equation of a natural gas system and finally obtains a mixed integer linear programming model. Case studies show the effectiveness of the integrated energy system for peak shaving, valley filling, and promoting wind power accommodation. The proposed model ensures the consumption of wind power generation and also reduces the operation cost by about 0.7%.
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Stathopoulos, Christos, George Galanis, Nikolaos S. Bartsotas, and George Kallos. "A methodology for optimizing probabilistic wind power forecasting." Advances in Geosciences 45 (September 14, 2018): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-289-2018.
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Abstract. Deterministic wind power forecasts enclose an inherent uncertainty due to several sources of error. In order to counterbalance this deficiency, an analysis of the error characteristics and construction of probabilistic forecasts with associated confidence levels is necessary for the quantification of the corresponding uncertainty. This work proposes a probabilistic forecasting method using an atmospheric model, optimization techniques for addressing the temporal error dependencies and Kalman filtering for eliminating systematic errors and enhancing the symmetry-normality of the shaped error distributions. The method is applied in case studies, using real time data from four wind farms in Greece. The performance is compared against a reference method as well as other common methods showing an improvement in the predictive reliability.
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Choi, Namki, Beomju Kim, Dohyuk Kim, Bohyun Park, Sangsoo Kim, and Byongjun Lee. "Grid Connection Studies for Large-Scale Offshore Wind Farms Considering High Penetration of Regional Renewables." Sustainability 14, no. 2 (January 17, 2022): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14021015.
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There is a global focus on adding renewable energy sources to the mix of energy supplies. In this study, the grid connections for large-scale offshore wind farms in areas that have high penetration of renewable energy sources were examined. System strength evaluation considering the interaction of wind farms and inverter-based resources (IBRs) was performed; the fault current was then analyzed to determine their contribution to the total fault current at a bus level. These studies revealed that the interaction between offshore wind farms and IBRs may make the power system weaker, and it is possible that fault current contributions from offshore wind farms can violate the capacity limit of existing circuit breakers. The results of steady-state analysis were verified through case studies focused on the southwest area of the Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO) system where large-scale offshore wind farms are planned to be established and connected. Power system planners will benefit from the results of this study with a better understanding of the factors to consider when integrating large-scale wind farms in areas with high penetration of renewables.
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Iqbal, Atif, Deng Ying, Adeel Saleem, Muhammad Aftab Hayat, and Muhammad Adnan Samad. "Modelling and Comparison of Different Control Techniques for 1-MW Wind Turbine to Extract Maximum Power Through Pitch Angle Control." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 1326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8808.
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Wind energy is the most clean and attractive source in addition to it abundant in nature. The main challenge in extracting the energy through wind is the uneven and unfamiliar turbulent wind field. Wind turbine pitch system plays pivotal role in achieving required blade angle along with it to run generator at its rated speed. This paper focuses blade pitch control to improve power and to keep the system working in stable and safe manner. Blade pitch angle control has an important role in achieving maximum power, so the proposed controller is presented to maximize the power and protect the system in case of uncertain conditions. Proposed controller is compared with conventional controller to investigate in addition to validate the technique as well as working. Different case studies over variable wind speed has been discussed to get the improved power and to achieve safe and normal operation. Simulation is implemented on 1-MW wind turbine through MATLAB/Simulink and achieved the improved results from proposed controller.
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Wang, Cai Xia, and Qiong Hui Li. "Evaluation of the Economics of Wind Heating in Facilitating Wind Power Integration in China." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.501.
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Utilization of the otherwise curtailed wind to produce heat is considered an effective solution to combating wind curtailment. This paper studies the economics of wind heating in facilitating wind power integration in China. The operation mode of wind-heating is presented. Factors that impact the economics of wind heating are identified. Economics of wind heating is then analyzed both mathematically and with a case study. Results show that wind-heating helps integrate more wind in the system, but the capital cost of heating station hardly makes the project economically viable. Reducing the capital cost of the project by subsidies can be a good solution for the problem.
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Ota, Anil, and Manish Singh. "Social Issues in Wind Power Projects in India." FIIB Business Review 7, no. 1 (March 2018): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319714518763397.
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In the quest to increase dependence on non-conventional energy sources, India over the past few years has laid additional emphasis on the renewable sector. Within the renewable sector, wind power has emerged as the single-largest energy contributor in the country. The sector has been appreciated for having limited adverse implications on local communities, environment and ecology. However, off late, studies on individual projects and analysis of available sectoral data reveal that there are critical environmental and social (E&S) issues that the wind power sector needs to address. The present article, based on the review of available literature (articles/case studies, newspaper clippings, books and E&S Impact Assessment reports), has identified the key social issues affecting the sector. Based on discussions with renewable energy specialists and an assessment of available mitigation measures, recommendations have been proposed to address the identified areas of concern. It is believed that addressing the social issues of concern in the present article will contribute towards promoting socially responsible and long-term generation of renewable power in consonance with the renewable and wind power policies of India.
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Yang, Insoon. "Data-Driven Distributionally Robust Stochastic Control of Energy Storage for Wind Power Ramp Management Using the Wasserstein Metric." Energies 12, no. 23 (December 1, 2019): 4577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234577.
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The integration of wind energy into the power grid is challenging because of its variability, which causes high ramp events that may threaten the reliability and efficiency of power systems. In this paper, we propose a novel distributionally robust solution to wind power ramp management using energy storage. The proposed storage operation strategy minimizes the expected ramp penalty under the worst-case wind power ramp distribution in the Wasserstein ambiguity set, a statistical ball centered at an empirical distribution obtained from historical data. Thus, the resulting distributionally robust control policy presents a robust ramp management performance even when the future wind power ramp distribution deviates from the empirical distribution, unlike the standard stochastic optimal control method. For a tractable numerical solution, a duality-based dynamic programming algorithm is designed with a piecewise linear approximation of the optimal value function. The performance and utility of the proposed method are demonstrated and analyzed through case studies using the wind power data in the Bonneville Power Administration area for the year 2018.
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Razzhivin, I. A. "ASSESSMENT OF THE WIND FARM IMPACT ON POWER SYSTEM STABILITY WHILE REDUCING OF TOTAL INERTIA." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 18, no. 4 (38) (December 21, 2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021no4/45-51.
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With the development of wind power in the world, the issues of joint operation of wind power plants in power systems become relevant. Modern variable speed wind turbines with are connected to the network through power voltage converters, which, with their significant integration into the power systems, negatively affects the transient stability of such systems, the operation of emergency control devices, etc. The problem is caused by the effect of "decoupling" of the wind turbine generators from the power systems, since the connection of the mechanical moment of the wind turbine with the power system is lost, its frequency characteristics also change, the overall inertia of the system decreases, and as a consequence, these phenomena can lead to rapid fluctuations in frequency and voltage in normal modes, and also an avalanche of frequency and voltage in case of accidents. In addition, a decrease in the total inertia can contribute to the failure of out-of-step protection systems for eliminating the out-of-step mode, due to an increase in the slip frequency. In the article, experimental studies of the implementation of wind power plants in power system to assess the impact of their work on the rate of the transients.
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David, Yemele, Bawe Gerard Nfor, Jr, Talla Pierre Kisito, and Ghogomu Patrick Ndinakie. "Statistical wind speed studies and wind energy potential resource analysis of abong mbang, Cameroon: a case study." International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 4, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijbas.v4i4.5198.
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<p>Accurate analysis of wind characteristics for a particular site is the first step towards wind energy resource installation. In this study, the onus is to determine the wind energy potential characteristics, and the best representative probability density function, for the Abong Mbang weather station and its immediate environ. The Chi square, coefficient of determination and root mean square error were used as the discriminating goodness of fit tests. Results show that the gamma distribution is the best representative of the wind speed regime, closely followed by the Weibull distribution. We equally study the feasibility of the installation of wind turbine systems at this site based on the Weibull and the Rayleigh models. It is observed that Abong Mbang is characterized by very low wind speeds, higher shape parameters than the scale parameters and consequently very low power density values. Abong Mbang is not technically feasible for the installation of small wind turbine.</p>
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Kim, Sunoh, and Jin Hur. "Probabilistic Approaches to the Security Analysis of Smart Grid with High Wind Penetration: The Case of Jeju Island’s Power Grids." Energies 13, no. 21 (November 4, 2020): 5785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215785.
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As the importance of renewable generating resources has grown around the world, South Korea is also trying to expand the proportion of renewable generating resources in the power generation sector. Among the various renewable energy sources, wind generating resources are emerging as a key alternative to conventional power generations in the electricity sector in Korea accounted for 17.7 GW of total capacity by 2030. As wind generating resources are gradually replacing traditional generating resources, the system security and reliability are negatively affected because of the variability, due to intermittent outputs. Therefore, existing power grids will need to be correctly re-measured to cover the large scale of renewable energy, including wind generation. To expand the grid, we must understand the characteristics of renewable energy and the impact of its adoption in the grid. In this paper, we analyze various characteristics of wind power generation, and then we propose a probabilistic power output modeling method to consider the uncertainty of wind power generation. For the probabilistic approach, Monte-Carlo simulation is used in the modeling method. The modeled wind power outputs can help planning for the reinforcement and expansion of power systems to expand the capacity for large-scale renewable energy in the future. To verify the proposed method, some case studies were performed using empirical data, and probabilistic power flow calculation was performed by integrating large-scale wind power generation to the Jeju Island power system. The probabilistic method proposed in this paper can efficiently plan power system expansion and play a key strategy of evaluating the security of the power system through the results of stochastic power flow calculation.
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Das, Swagata, Neeraj Karnik, and Surya Santoso. "Time-Domain Modeling of Tower Shadow and Wind Shear in Wind Turbines." ISRN Renewable Energy 2011 (October 23, 2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/890582.
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Tower shadow and wind shear contribute to periodic fluctuations in electrical power output of a wind turbine generator. The frequency of the periodic fluctuations is times the blade rotational frequency , where is the number of blades. For three-bladed wind turbines, this inherent characteristic is known as the effect. In a weak-power system, it results in voltage fluctuation or flicker at the point of common coupling of the wind turbine to the grid. The phenomenon is important to model so as to evaluate the flicker magnitude at the design level. Hence, the paper aims to develop a detailed time-domain upwind fixed speed wind turbine model which includes the turbine's aerodynamic, mechanical, electrical, as well as tower shadow and wind shear components. The model allows users to input factors such as terrain, tower height, and tower diameter to calculate the oscillations. The model can be expanded to suit studies involving variable speed wind turbines. Six case studies demonstrate how the model can be used for studying wind turbine interconnection and voltage flicker analysis. Results indicate that the model performs as expected.
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Huang, Wenhui, Lei Chen, Weijia Wang, Lijun Yang, and Xiaoze Du. "Cooling Performance Optimization of Direct Dry Cooling System Based on Partition Adjustment of Axial Flow Fans." Energies 13, no. 12 (June 19, 2020): 3179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123179.
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Axial flow fans play key roles in the thermo-flow performance of direct dry cooling system under windy conditions, so the energy efficiency of a power generating unit can be improved by optimizing the operation strategies of the axial flow fans. In this work, various measures based on the partition adjustment of axial flow fans with constant power consumption of a 2 × 660 MW power plant are studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. The results show that increasing the rotational speed of the windward fans is beneficial to reduce the inlet air temperature and increase the mass flow rates of the fans, which enhance the heat rejections of the air-cooled condensers, especially at high wind speeds. Moreover, the turbine back pressures for the optimal and original cases are achieved by iterative methods, with the largest drop of 2.77 kPa at the wind speed of 12 m/s for 110-case 3 in the wind direction of −90°. It is recommended to adopt 110-case 1 and 110-case 3 at low and high wind speeds, respectively, in the wind directions of 90° and −90°, while 110-case 2 is always the best choice in the 0° wind direction.
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Pichault, Mathieu, Claire Vincent, Grant Skidmore, and Jason Monty. "Characterisation of intra-hourly wind power ramps at the wind farm scale and associated processes." Wind Energy Science 6, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-131-2021.
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Abstract. One of the main factors contributing to wind power forecast inaccuracies is the occurrence of large changes in wind power output over a short amount of time, also called “ramp events”. In this paper, we assess the behaviour and causality of 1183 ramp events at a large wind farm site located in Victoria (southeast Australia). We address the relative importance of primary engineering and meteorological processes inducing ramps through an automatic ramp categorisation scheme. Ramp features such as ramp amplitude, shape, diurnal cycle and seasonality are further discussed, and several case studies are presented. It is shown that ramps at the study site are mostly associated with frontal activity (46 %) and that wind power fluctuations tend to plateau before and after the ramps. The research further demonstrates the wide range of temporal scales and behaviours inherent to intra-hourly wind power ramps at the wind farm scale.
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Drews, Elizabeth, Cedric Ireland, and Neil Yallabandi. "Addressing Wind Power Intermittency in the Ercot and SPP Regions." Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 1, no. 3 (March 2014): 365–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v1.i3.2.
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This Article explores efforts to address challenges involving wind power intermittency in two United States power regions: the South- west Power Pool (“SPP”) and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (“ERCOT”). SPP and ERCOT are good case studies regarding these issues because each has among the strongest wind resources in the country, most of which are in isolated, sparsely populated areas and need long transmission lines to reach major load (electricity consumption) centers. Those circumstances increase the challenge of integrating intermittent wind generation into the electric system (grid).
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Yao, Fang, Wei Liu, Xingyong Zhao, and Li Song. "Integrated Machine Learning and Enhanced Statistical Approach-Based Wind Power Forecasting in Australian Tasmania Wind Farm." Complexity 2020 (September 16, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9250937.
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This paper develops an integrated machine learning and enhanced statistical approach for wind power interval forecasting. A time-series wind power forecasting model is formulated as the theoretical basis of our method. The proposed model takes into account two important characteristics of wind speed: the nonlinearity and the time-changing distribution. Based on the proposed model, six machine learning regression algorithms are employed to forecast the prediction interval of the wind power output. The six methods are tested using real wind speed data collected at a wind station in Australia. For wind speed forecasting, the long short-term memory (LSTM) network algorithm outperforms other five algorithms. In terms of the prediction interval, the five nonlinear algorithms show superior performances. The case studies demonstrate that combined with an appropriate nonlinear machine learning regression algorithm, the proposed methodology is effective in wind power interval forecasting.
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Chung, P. D. "Evaluation of Reactive Power Support Capability of Wind Turbines." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 5211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3260.
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Reactive power plays an important role in the operation of power systems, especially in the case of wind energy integration. This paper aims to evaluate the reactive power support capability of wind turbines in both normal and voltage sag conditions. The three 2MW wind turbines studied are a fixed speed wind turbine and two variable speed wind turbines with full-scale and power-scale power converters. Comparison results indicate that at normal operation, the fixed speed wind turbine with a static synchronous compensator is able to consume the highest reactive power, while the variable speed wind turbine with full-scale power converter can supply the highest reactive power. In case of low voltage, the fixed speed wind turbine with the static synchronous compensator can support the highest reactive power if the static synchronous compensator’s capacity is similar to the wind turbine’s capacity, while if its capacity is equal to 25% of the generator’s capacity, the variable speed wind turbine with full-scale power converter has the best performance.
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Li, Hua, Hongwei Zheng, Bowen Zhou, Guangdi Li, Bo Yang, Bo Hu, and Min Ma. "Two-Part Tariff of Pumped Storage Power Plants for Wind Power Accommodation." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (May 6, 2022): 5603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095603.
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Pumped storage power plants face many challenges in competing in the electricity market, and high pumping costs lead to high prices for their power generation, which is one of the important factors that has limited their development. To address this problem, this paper studies the pumped storage two-part tariff mechanism considering wind power accommodation and uses the peak-valley price difference of wind power to realize the rationality and economy of a pumped storage charging and discharging strategy. It can improve the competitiveness of pumped storage power plants participating in electricity market transactions. Then, by considering the economic advantages of “pumped storage + clean energy”, a pumped storage and wind power joint optimal dispatching model was established based on the original pumped storage pricing method. This model takes the total system cost reduction after the introduction of pumped storage as the objective function to derive a reasonable pumped storage strategy. After which, the two-part tariff for pumped storage power plants was formulated based on the principle of reasonable revenue. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of various relevant parameters of the power plant was conducted through case studies to verify the effectiveness of the two-part tariff mechanism of pumped storage. It was found that the electricity tariff is lowest when the ratio of plant capacity to upper reservoir capacity is 1:6.37 (MW/million m3).