Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wind loads

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Wind loads'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Wind loads"

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Cao, SS, ST Ke, WM Zhang, L. Zhao, YJ Ge, and XX Cheng. "Load–response correlation–based equivalent static wind loads for large cooling towers." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 11 (April 22, 2019): 2464–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219844336.

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The load–response correlation method has been recognized by the wind engineering community as a useful equivalent static wind load calculation method for structural design of quasi-static structures against strong winds. However, it has been found that the load–response correlation method is less effective to non-linear systems and in situations where load processes are non-Gaussian, such as large cooling towers subjected to strong winds. To validate the applicability of the load–response correlation method to large cooling towers, an aero-elastic model has been designed for a 215-m-high cooling tower in this article, which can simultaneously produce wind loads and wind-induced displacements of the structure according to wind tunnel model tests. Using data measured on the aero-elastic model, the exact results of correlation coefficients between wind loads and structural responses are obtained and validated by a non-linear finite element analysis. By comparing the correlation coefficients measured on the scaled model to the results based on the load–response correlation calculation, it is found that the correlations are much stronger for the load–response correlation calculation than those for the exact wind tunnel measurement. The explanation for this observation is that the non-linearity of the real structure and the non-Gaussian feature of the actual wind loads can weaken the correlations between the wind loads and the structural responses.
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Gayatri, Gokul, B. Tirumala Reddy, and B. Narender. "Comparative study of wind and ice loads on telecommunication towers in hilly terrain." E3S Web of Conferences 455 (2023): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345502021.

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Telecommunication structures are usually defined as steel lattice towers on which they mount microwave dish antennas. These are slender, tall, highly optimised structures and the loading conditions that control their performance are extreme cold, snowfall, and strong winds. Strong winds combined with ice accumulation on the structure's members and dishes are the primary reasons of collapse. This comparative study is to investigate the effect of ice loads combined with wind load analysis of triangular tower configuration comprising of height 60m located in hilly terrain (specially dealt with cold region) having wind zones 39mps and 55mps. By referring specialized standards for analysis of lattice towers, reduction of wind load shall be considered when ice loads are accounted for analysis. Initial design is performed for full wind load of the tower configuration through space truss analysis using STAAD.Pro V22 software and same is checked with combined wind and ice loads as per appropriate standards. A comparison statement is derived on effect of ice loads on analysis of structure – leg forces, bracing forces and deflection for tower configuration considered in parametric study.
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Goyal, Akash, A. N. Shankar, and S. K. Sethy. "Parametric Analysis of Hyperbolic Cooling Tower under Seismic Loads, Wind Loads and Dead Load through Staad. Pro." International Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 8 (August 31, 2017): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25125/engineering-journal-ijoer-aug-2017-6.

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Kim, Taeo, Sang Whan Han, and Soo Ik Cho. "Effect of Wind Loads on Collapse Performance and Seismic Loss for Steel Ordinary Moment Frames." Applied Sciences 12, no. 4 (February 15, 2022): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12042011.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of wind loads on the seismic collapse performance and seismic loss for steel ordinary moment frames (OMFs). For this purpose, 9-, 12-, 15-, and 18-story steel OMFs are repeatedly designed for (1) gravity load + seismic load, (2) gravity load + seismic load + wind load (wind speed = 44 m/s), and (3) gravity load + seismic load + wind load (wind speed = 55 m/s). The seismic collapse performance and seismic loss of OMFs are evaluated using the procedures in FEMA P695 (FEMA, 2009) and FEMA P58 (FEMA, 2018), respectively. Steel OMFs designed with consideration of wind loads have larger member sections than corresponding steel OMFs designed without consideration of wind loads as expected. Although member sections are increased when wind loads are considered, the growth in the maximum base shear force and lateral stiffness of OMFs are insignificant. Unlike our expectation, OMFs designed with consideration of wind loads have higher expected annual loss (EAL) than corresponding OMFs designed without consideration of wind loads.
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Enciu, K., and A. Rosen. "Aerodynamic modelling of fin stabilised underslung loads." Aeronautical Journal 119, no. 1219 (September 2015): 1073–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000011143.

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AbstractBox-like slung loads exhibit periodic yaw response instabilities, while carried externally by a helicopter. When coupled with the slung load longitudinal and lateral pendulum motions, these instabilities result in significant pendulum oscillations of the load. High amplitude oscillations lead in many cases to the limiting of a load’s flight envelope. Using wind tunnel and flight tests, rear mounted fins were previously demonstrated as efficient means for stabilisation of a problematic load. However, the lack of a proper analytical model of the stabilised load’s aerodynamic characteristics, led to a trial and error development process, without an appropriate physical understanding of the stabilisation problem. The present paper describes a method for the aerodynamic modeling of fins stabilised slung loads based on a limited number of simple static wind-tunnel tests. The resulting database is incorporated in a dynamical slung load simulation that shows good agreement with dynamic wind-tunnel tests. The applicability of the proposed method is demonstrated, by the calculation of stabilised loads aerodynamic databases for interim fin inclination angles not covered by tests.
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Bartlett, F. M., H. P. Hong, and W. Zhou. "Load factor calibration for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada: Statistics of loads and load effects." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l02-087.

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The 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) will adopt a companion-action format for load combinations and specify wind and snow loads based on their 50 year return period values. This paper summarizes statistics for dead load, live load due to use and occupancy, snow load, and wind load that have been adopted for calibration, and a companion paper presents the calibration itself. A new survey of typical construction tolerances indicates that statistics for dead load widely adopted for building code calibration are adequate unless the dead load is dominated by thin, cast-in-place concrete toppings. Unique statistics for live load due to use and occupancy are derived that pertain specifically to the live load reduction factor equation used in the NBCC. Statistics for snow and wind loads are normalized using the 50 year values that will be specified in the 2005 NBCC. New statistics are determined for the factors that transform wind speeds and ground snow depths into wind and snow loads on structures.Key words: buildings, code calibration, companion action, dead loads, live loads, load combinations, load factors, reliability, safety, snow loads, wind loads.
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Gerhardt, H. J., and F. Janser. "Wind loads on wind permeable facades." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 53, no. 1-2 (November 1994): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)90017-5.

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Zhao, Pingnan, Lijun Liu, and Ying Lei. "Identification of Wind Loads on Structures Based on Modal Kalman Filter with Unknown Inputs." Buildings 12, no. 7 (July 13, 2022): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12071003.

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Wind loads on structures are difficult to directly measure, so it is practical to identify structural wind loads based on the measurements of structural responses. However, this inversed problem is challenging compared with conventional load identification as wind loads are time-space coupled and spatially distributed dynamic loads on structures. An improved method is proposed for identifying wind loads on structures using only partial measurements of structural acceleration responses in this paper. First, the wind loads on a structure are decomposed by proper orthogonal decomposition as a series of time-space decoupled sub-distributed dynamic loads with independent basic spatial distribution functions and time history functions. Herein, structural modes are adopted as the basic spatial distribution functions and structural modes of discretized and continuous structural systems are investigated. Then, a history function of the decomposed wind load is identified in the modal domain based on modal Kalman filter with unknown inputs, which is proposed by the authors. Finally, the distributed wind loads are reconstructed for discrete or continuous structural systems. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is verified by two numerical examples of identification of wind loads on a discrete shear frame and a wind turbine tower, respectively.
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Shin, Dong-Hyeon, and Young-Cheol Ha. "Wind-Load Calculation Program for Rectangular Buildings Based on Wind Tunnel Experimental Data for Preliminary Structural Designs." Buildings 14, no. 8 (July 24, 2024): 2294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14082294.

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In this study, we developed a wind load calculation program (WCP) capable of predicting wind loads with relative precision during the preliminary design phase. First, wind tunnel tests were conducted to identify the essential factors necessary for calculating wind loads and the variables influencing these factors. Square building shapes were considered, and the wind force coefficients and power spectral density were measured by combining four ground roughness values, eleven side ratios (D/B), four aspect ratios (H/BD), and wind directions ranging from 0° to 90°. The wind power coefficient and the spectral coefficient were formulated so that the wind load could be calculated according to various conditions. The WCP computations were based on the calculation of the load combination coefficient using the resonant wind load. Finally, the wind loads obtained from the wind tunnel tests were compared with those predicted by the WCP using an actual project model (inner-core (A) and outer-core (B) types). Building A yielded similar WCP and wind tunnel experimental responses when subjected to wind and laminar wind loads. Additionally, Building B yielded a larger error than that of Building A, but similar results were obtained when buildings were subjected to combination and laminar wind loads.
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Zhang, Qing, Jian Jie Zhang, Ji He, Yong Feng Li, and Xian Rong Qin. "A Method of Dynamic Modeling of a Large Floating Crane and its External Excitations." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 2440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.2440.

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According to the characteristics of floating cranes, an affordable numerical method to model the floating cranes and the external excitations such as wind, wave and shimmy loads was proposed. Local coordinates modifying wind, wave and shimmy loads which are determined separately were combined in the global coordinate system according to the geometric positions. The spectra of wind loads and wave loads were converted into time domain separately according to the linear method, while a shimmy load is determined according to the Lagrange’s Equation. As an example, the external excitation caused by random wind, wave and shimmy loads on a 7500-ton giant floating crane were simulated, and the transient dynamic response was predicted and discussed. Focusing on the characteristics of structure of floating cranes, the research indicates that the dominant frequency of the wave load is low, as compared to wind and shimmy loads, and that the shimmy load is closely related to the environmental excitations such as wind and wave loads. The results also suggest that the transient response of the crane is mainly related to the shimmy load.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wind loads"

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Reeves, P. "Wind loads on semi-submersible platforms." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382429.

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Zhang, Yu Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering. "Wave loads on offshore wind turbines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100344.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 65).
Ocean energy is one of the most important sources of alternative energy and offshore floating wind turbines are considered viable and economical means of harnessing ocean energy. The accurate prediction of nonlinear hydrodynamic wave loads and the resulting nonlinear motion and tether tension is of crucial importance in the design of floating wind turbines. A new theoretical framework is presented for analyzing hydrodynamic forces on floating bodies which is potentially applicable in a wide range of problems in ocean engineering. The total fluid force acting on a floating body is obtained by the time rate of change of the impulse of the velocity potential flow around the body. This new model called Fluid Impulse Theory is used to address the nonlinear hydrodynamic wave loads and the resulting nonlinear responses of floating wind turbine for various wave conditions in a highly efficient and robust manner in time domain. A three-dimensional time domain hydrodynamic wave-body interaction computational solver is developed in the frame work of a boundary element method based on the transient free-surface Green-function. By applying a numerical treatment that takes the free-surface boundary conditions linearized at the incident wave surface and takes the body boundary condition satisfied on the instantaneous underwater surface of the moving body, it simulates a potential flow in conjunction with the Fluid Impulse Theory for nonlinear wave-body interaction problems of large amplitude waves and motions in time domain. Several results are presented from the application of the Fluid Impulse Theory to the extreme and fatigue wave load model: the time domain analysis of nonlinear dynamic response of floating wind turbine for extreme wave events and the time domain analysis of nonlinear wave load for an irregular sea state followed by a power spectral density analysis.
by Yu Zhang.
S.M.
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Garber, Jason. "Wind loads on and wind-induced overturning of container cranes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0005/MQ42064.pdf.

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Barata, Johann. "Evaluation of Wind Loads on Solar Panels." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/567.

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The current impetus for alternative energy sources is increasing the demand for solar energy technologies in Florida – the Sunshine State. Florida’s energy production from solar, thermal or photovoltaic sources accounts for only 0.005% of the state total energy generation. The existing types of technologies, methods of installation, and mounting locations for solar panels vary significantly, and are consequently affected by wind loads in different ways. The fact that Florida is frequently under hurricane risk and the lack of information related with design wind loads on solar panels result in a limited use of solar panels for generating energy in the “Sunshine State” Florida. By using Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel testing techniques, the present study evaluates the effects of wind on solar panels, and provides explicit and reliable information on design wind loads in the form of pressure coefficient value. The study considered two different types of solar panel arrangements, (1) isolated solar panel and (2) arrays, and two different mounting locations, (1) ground mounted and (2) roof mounted. Detailed wind load information was produced as part of this study for isolated and arrayed solar panels. Two main conclusions from this study are the following:(1) for isolated solar panel with high slopes the wind load for wind angle of attack (AoA) perpendicular to the main axis exhibited the largest wind loads; (2) for arrays, while the outer rows and column were subjected to high wind loads for AoA perpendicular to the main axis, the interior solar panels were subjected to higher loads for oblique AoA.
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Browning, Stephen E. "Computer Program for the Analysis of Loads on Buildings Using the ASCE 7-93 Standard Minimum Design Loads on Buildings and Other Structures." Master's thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37170.

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A computer program for the analysis of loads on buildings is developed. The program determines wind loads, earthquake loads, and snow loads according to the ASCE 7-93 Standard Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE 7-93). The program is developed using the object-oriented programming methodology and runs on the Microsoft Windows 95 graphical environment. It is a valuable and useful tool for determining loads on buildings.
Master of Engineering
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Hao, Nguyen Anh. "Parallel lamella dome under wind and snow loads." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101117.

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A well structured computer program has been developed to perform geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis of space trusses and to study the sensitivity of parallel lamella dome under wind and snow loads. The modified Riks/Wempner method is used to perform the prebuckling and postbuckling analysis. The European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS code) is used as the code of practice for design wind pressures on domes. Failures of domes have occurred during snow storms and have attributed to heavy local snow concentrations. Most codes of practice do not provide design wind and snow loads for domes, and a few international codes do show significant differences in the distributions of design wind pressure for domes. Moreover, current design practices for domes do not reflect the possibility of heavy local snow concentrations. Since wind load data is widely varied among the codes, and specific information on local snow concentrations is not available, the study of the behavior of a full-size lamella dome under different wind pressures and various snow distributions will be carried out with the finite element analysis, and critical load combinations will be obtained with the aid of stability boundary. The proposed study is expected to provide guidelines for the determination of critical wind and snow load conditions.
M.S.
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Naeiji, Amir. "Wind Loads on Residential Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Panels." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3659.

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Solar energy harvesting using photovoltaic (PV) systems has gained popularity in recent years due to its relative ease of use and its cost efficiency compared to the rest of the clean energy sources. However, to further expand the application of PV systems requires making them more desirable than the other competitive energy sources. The improvement of safety and cost efficiency are requisites for further popularization of PV system application. To satisfy these requisites it is necessary to optimally design the system against the environmental conditions. Wind action is one of the main ambient loads affecting the performance of PV systems. This dissertation aims to investigate the effects of wind load on residential scale roof mounted PV panels and their supporting structures as well as evaluating the structural response of the system to the wind-induced vibration. To achieve these goals, several full- and large-scale experimental tests were performed at the Wall of Wind Experimental Facility at Florida International University (FIU). The wind effects on different PV system and roof configurations were investigated in these tests. The results shed light on the most influential parameters affecting the wind pressures acting on the PV panel surface. In addition, the findings are presented in the form of design pressure coefficients for adoption to future building codes and wind standards. The second phase of the physical testing included the investigation of the actual response of the PV system to the wind action. Because of the dynamic properties of the PV panel, it was expected that the wind induced vibration can affect the dynamic response of the system including the acceleration at the panel surface and support reactions at the racking system to roof interface. To test this theory, two different models of the system were developed, one with the real PV panels and the other one with wooden rigid panels. Comparing the results, it was concluded that the dynamic response of the system was not considerably affected by wind-induced fluctuations. Finally, and to better understand the dynamic response of the system, an analytical model was developed using ANSYS and dynamic analysis was carried out using as input the wind induced pressure data acquired from the physical testing. At the first step, the analytical model was verified by comparing the analytical modal frequencies to the experimental natural frequencies obtained from the hammer test. It was shown that the analytical model can well represent the dynamic properties of the actual model. However, once the reaction output was compared to the loadcell data recorded during the wind tunnel test, there was a considerable discrepancy between the results. It was assumed that the deflection of the supporting structure caused this discrepancy. This assumption was verified and it was concluded that the supporting structure can significantly influence the dynamic response of the system.
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Awad, Ahmed Shawky. "Behavior of FRP chimneys under thermal and wind loads." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39801.pdf.

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Balaramudu, Vasanth Kumar. "Tornado-induced wind loads on a low-rise building." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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Zhang, Yu Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering. "Offshore wind turbine nonlinear wave loads and their statistics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122220.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-86).
Due to the large influence of lateral flexible vibrations on offshore wind turbine foundations and the higher natural frequencies of the offshore wind turbine foundation relative to the dominant frequencies of the linear wave load model, the modeling of the dynamic behavior of the foundation under nonlinear wave loads and analysis of their statistical characteristics have become an important issue for offshore wind turbine design. This thesis derives an approximate model of the nonlinear wave loads in the time domain by Fluid Impulse Theory, verifies it with a boundary element method software WAMIT and validates it with experimental measurements. The load level crossing rates and the load power spectral density is obtained in multiple sea states. The simulated nonlinear wave loads are applied as the forcing mechanism on the offshore wind turbine and its foundation, and the mudline bending moments are computed and compared with experimental measurements. The system identification is conducted by fitting the model with the experimental data using linear regression method. The analytical extreme and fatigue prediction of the offshore wind turbine system are derived and evaluated in waters of finite depth and in multiple seastates. Key words: Nonlinear wave loads, nonlinear wave loads statistics, system identification, extremes and fatigue
Financial support from MIT-NTNU energy initiative program and Statoil
by Yu Zhang.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Books on the topic "Wind loads"

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Ole, Hansen Svend, ed. Wind loads on structures. Chichester: J. Wiley, 1997.

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Robert, Klopp, ed. Wind loads on towers. Stuttgart: IRB Verlag, 1989.

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Robert, Klopp, ed. Wind loads on roofs. Stuttgart: IRB Verlag, 1989.

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Robert, Klopp, ed. Wind loads on bridges. Stuttgart: IRB Verlag, 1989.

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Robert, Klopp, ed. Wind loads on tall buildings. Stuttgart: IRB Verlag, 1989.

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Ginger, J. D. Wind loads on canopy roofs. Brisbane: University of Queensland, Dept. of Civil Engineering, 1991.

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Establishment, Building Research, ed. The assessment of wind loads. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1989.

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Establishment, Building Research, ed. Wind loads on canopy roofs. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1986.

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Establishment, Building Research, ed. The assessment of wind loads. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1989.

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Establishment, Building Research, ed. The assessment of wind loads. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wind loads"

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Wills, Rosalie, James A. Milke, Sara Royle, and Kristin Steranka. "Wind Loads." In SpringerBriefs in Fire, 13–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2883-5_3.

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Bucher, C. G. "Wind Loads." In Structural Dynamics, 91–101. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88298-2_5.

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Hau, Erich. "Loads and Structural Stresses." In Wind Turbines, 167–231. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27151-9_6.

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Li, Jiyue, Donghui Wang, Meng Zhang, Hongbing Liu, and Xianqiang Qu. "Study of Stress Analysis Method for Floating Nuclear Power Plant Containment Under Combined Multiple Loads." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 800–811. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1023-6_69.

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AbstractFloating nuclear power plants (FNPP) are a combination of small nuclear reactors and hull structures. The applicable design codes and simulation analysis methods of floating nuclear power plants are nearly seldom, especially for the ultimate strength of containment considering multi loads. In order to analyze the structural strength of the steel containment of a floating nuclear power plant under the combined action of multiple loads, the structural response is analyzed in ANSYS considering the external hull loads and internal containment loads such as wave loads, wind loads, current loads, hull impact loads, internal pressure and temperature of the containment. The structural response result from wind, wave, current, internal pressure and temperature loads are calculated, separately, to obtain the stress field of the containment. Finally, the stress fields of the containment generated by each load are superimposed to obtain the stress distribution characteristics of the containment, and then strength assessment and stress analysis are performed.
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Holmes, John D., and Seifu A. Bekele. "Laboratory simulation of strong winds and wind loads." In Wind Loading of Structures, 219–62. Fourth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. |: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429296123-7.

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Ertekin, R. Cengiz, and George Rodenbusch. "Wave, Current and Wind Loads." In Springer Handbook of Ocean Engineering, 787–818. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16649-0_35.

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Strømmen, Einar N. "WIND AND MOTION INDUCED LOADS." In Theory of Bridge Aerodynamics, 91–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13660-3_5.

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Madsen, Helge Aagaard, and Kenneth Thomsen. "Analysis of Wind Turbine Loads." In Advances in Wind Energy Conversion Technology, 133–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88258-9_5.

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Ashraf, Syed Mehdi. "Wind-Related Solved Examples." In Structural Building Design: Wind and Flood Loads, 47–72. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22158-5.

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Bergdahl, Lars, Jenny Trumars, and Claes Eskilsson. "Wave Loads on Wind-Power Plants in Deep and Shallow Water." In Wind Energy, 7–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33866-6_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Wind loads"

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Laino, David, and Kirk Pierce. "Evaluating statistical loads extrapolation methods." In 2000 ASME Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2000-64.

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Ivanco, Thomas G., Donald F. Keller, and Jennifer L. Pinkerton. "Wind Tunnel to Full Scale Mapping of Winds and Loads for Launch-Vehicle Ground Wind Loads." In AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-1072.

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Lu, Nan-You, Sukanta Basu, and Lance Manuel. "Wind Turbine Loads during the Evening Transition Period." In 35th Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-0681.

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White, Jonathan, Brandon Ennis, and Thomas G. Herges. "Estimation of Rotor Loads Due to Wake Steering." In 2018 Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-1730.

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"Wind Tunnel Methods." In SP-240: Performance-Based Design of Concrete Building for Wind Loads. American Concrete Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/18294.

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Moriarty, Patrick J., William E. Holley, and Sandy Butterfield. "Probabilistic Methods for Predicting Wind Turbine Design Loads." In ASME 2003 Wind Energy Symposium. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wind2003-864.

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Further study of probabilistic methods for predicting extreme wind turbine loading was performed on two large-scale wind turbine models with stall and pitch regulation. Long-term exceedance probability distributions were calculated using maxima extracted from time series simulations of in-plane and out-of-plane blade loads. It was discovered that using a threshold on the selection of maxima increased the accuracy of the fitted distribution in following the trends of the largest extreme values for a given wind condition. The optimal threshold value for in-plane and out-of-plane blade loads was found to be the mean value plus 1.4 times the standard deviation of the original time series for the quantity of interest. When fitting a distribution to a given data set, the higher-order moments were found to have the greatest amount of uncertainty and also the largest influence on the extrapolated long-term load’s. This uncertainty was reduced by using large data sets, smoothing of the moments between wind conditions and parametrically modeling moments of the distribution. A deterministic turbulence model using the 90th percentile level of the conditional turbulence distribution given mean wind speed was used to greatly simplify the calculation of the long-term probability distribution. Predicted extreme loads using this simplified distribution were equal to or more conservative than the loads predicted by the full integration method.
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"The Nature of Wind Loads and Dynamic Response." In SP-240: Performance-Based Design of Concrete Building for Wind Loads. American Concrete Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/18290.

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Sun, Yuping. "Flow Transition Based Passive Loads Reduction Using Tripping Strips." In 2018 Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-0993.

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Moriarty, Patrick J., William E. Holley, and Sandy Butterfield. "Effect of Turbulence Variation on Extreme Loads Prediction for Wind Turbines." In ASME 2002 Wind Energy Symposium. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wind2002-50.

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The effect of varying turbulence levels on long-term loads extrapolation techniques was examined using a joint probability density function of both mean wind speed and turbulence level for loads calculations. The turbulence level has a dramatic effect on the statistics of moment maxima extracted from aeroelastic simulations. Maxima from simulations at lower turbulence levels are more deterministic and become dominated by the stochastic component as turbulence level increases. Short-term probability distributions were calculated using four different moment-based fitting methods. Several hundred of these distributions were used to calculate a long-term probability function. From the long-term probability, 1- and 50-year extreme loads were estimated. As an alternative, using a normal distribution of turbulence level produced a long-term load comparable to that of a log-normal distribution and may be more straightforward to implement. A parametric model of the moments was also used to estimate the extreme loads. The parametric model predicted nearly identical loads to the empirical model and required less data. An input extrapolation technique was also examined. Extrapolating the turbulence level prior to input into the aeroelastic code simplifies the loads extrapolation procedure but, in this case, produces loads lower than the empirical model and may be non-conservative in general.
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Yu, Wenbin. "Cross-sectional Analysis of Composite Beams with Distributed Loads." In 32nd ASME Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-1081.

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Reports on the topic "Wind loads"

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Jonkman, J. M. Dynamics Modeling and Loads Analysis of an Offshore Floating Wind Turbine. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/921803.

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Peterka, J. A., Z. Tan, B. Bienkiewicz, and J. E. Cermak. Wind loads on heliostats and parabolic dish collectors: Final subcontractor report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6374739.

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Spiekermann, C. E., B. H. Sako, and A. M. Kabe. Identifying Slowly-Varying and Turbulent Wind Features for Flight Loads Analyses. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada381326.

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Peterka, J., R. Derickson, and J. Cermak. Wind loads and local pressure distributions on parabolic dish solar collectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6838341.

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Parker, Kendall, Anneliese Fensch, Kamila Kazimierczuk, Sarah Barrows, and Bethel Tarekegne. Energy Equity Opportunities in Distributed Wind Hybrid Systems for Rural Loads. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2001005.

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Hite, John, Robert Ebeling, and Barry White. Hydraulic load definitions for use in Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) analysis, including probabilistic load characterization, of 10 hydraulic steel structures : report number 1. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48610.

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In the past, allowable stress design (ASD) was used to design steel structures. The allowable stresses used were determined from previous practice, with limited understanding of the reliability and risk performance provided by the structure. Engineering methods based on Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) provide more accurate lifetime models of structures by providing risk-based load factors. Besides improved safety, cost savings can be provided through improved performance and, in some cases, by delaying rehabilitation. This research project develops LRFD-based engineering procedures for the evaluation and design of hydraulic steel structures (HSS). Hydraulic loads are a key element to the LRFD analysis. This report identifies the primary hydraulic loads and describes procedures that can be used to determine these hydraulic loads. Existing design guidance for HSS is described and presented in the individual chapters. The appendixes to the report provide examples of the procedures used to compute the hydrostatic, wave, and hydrodynamic loads. A new approach for determining wind-induced wave loads was developed. Design guidance for computing the hydrodynamic load was limited for many of the HSS. Additional research is recommended to improve capabilities for computing hydraulic loads. Details on these recommendations can be found in this report.
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Dana, Scott, Rick R. Damiani, and Jeroen J. Van Dam. Validation of Simplified Load Equations Through Loads Measurement and Modeling of a Small Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Tower. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1435409.

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Wright, A. D., G. S. Bir, and C. D. Butterfield. Guidelines for reducing dynamic loads in two-bladed teetering-hub downwind wind turbines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/87042.

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Schechter, E., Emil Simiu, and M. M. Schechter. Developmental computer-based version of ASCE 7-95 standard provisions for wind loads. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1415.

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Santos, Rick, and Jeroen van Dam. Mechanical Loads Test Report for the U.S. Department of Energy 1.5-Megawatt Wind Turbine. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1215119.

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