Relevant bibliographies by topics / Wind instruments Physiological aspects

Academic literature on the topic 'Wind instruments Physiological aspects'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Wind instruments Physiological aspects"

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Uvarova, Olga V. "Setting up the performance technique of a novice wind instrument player: Acoustic and physiological aspects." Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences, no. 201 (2021): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/1992-6464-2021-201-158-165.

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Stepanova, Anna. "Features of the modern saxophone." Scientific bulletin of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky 2020, no. 3 (132) (September 24, 2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2617-6688-2020-3-8.

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The relevance of the topic is stipulated by the fact that saxophone performance is becoming widespread nowadays, it substantiates the needs to establish new performing schools and to initiate researches aimed at improving methods of playing the saxophone. The purpose of the article is to pay special attention to the social status of the saxophone, its role in the system of professional music education and the evolution of performing techniques of playing the saxophone. The research methods are as follows: theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, comparative studies. Summary: The main scientific and methodological works devoted to the improvement of methods and techniques of playing the saxophone are considered. In the historical aspect, some theoretical works of domestic and foreign authors on the methods and techniques of playing the saxophone have been analysed: the American researcher Carr W.E.J., who identified the physiological features of playing wooden wind instruments (the flute, the oboe, the clarinet, the bassoon and the saxophone); the Russian Professor Ivanov V. D., who identified modification forms and types of saxophone music; the Ukrainian researchers Kyrylov S. V., who singled out the so-called "concert face of the saxophonist" and the associated set of his / her professional skills, Krupey M. V., who historically analysed saxophone performance and determined the stylistic basis for the formation of saxophonist’s performing skills, Professor V. Apatskyi, who came to the conclusion that the advantage of an "o-shaped" ear cushion is a peculiar position of the lower lip, which is necessary for flexible control of the cane. The article also considers scientific and methodological works of foreign authors, reflecting the problematic and related issues of saxophone performance, which allowed us to draw the following conclusions: academic and jazz saxophone performances develop in parallel and are interdependent; the recognition of the saxophone individuality contributes to the transformations within the professional system of education, the teaching of the saxophone having become narrowly professional in this connection; the development of saxophone performance has led to the creation of national schools, which stipulated a rise in the number of musicians of the new formation, both academic and jazz.
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Uvarova, Olga V. "SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF SOUND FORMATION ON WIND INSTRUMENTS." EurasianUnionScientists 2, no. 2(71) (2020): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.2.71.584.

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The priority direction in modern conditions of musical and pedagogical activity is the training of highly qualified specialists. The main factor of successful methodological work in the field of wind instrument performance is the study of scientific achievements in physiology, pedagogy, and psychology. Currently, in the pedagogical practice of wind art, there are a number of issues that require a conceptual understanding of the physiological components of the voice and articulation apparatus, as well as the dependence of sound quality on these organs. The subject of the analysis is the correct functioning of the larynx as a resonator. The analysis of scientific and theoretical developments in the field of sound formation on wind instruments allowed us to explain a number of pedagogical approaches in the practice of musical and performing arts
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Wen, Olivia Xin, and Carol Lynne Krumhansl. "Real-Time Responses to Stravinsky’s Symphonies of Wind Instruments." Music Perception 35, no. 1 (September 1, 2017): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2017.35.1.60.

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This experiment was designed to address factors that make repetition of musical themes within a piece recognizable, and to explore the relationship between internal repetition and musical interest. Thirty-seven participants of varied levels of music training listened to Stravinsky’s Symphoniesof Wind Instruments twice and responded to the music in real time. During the first listening, they continuously rated their level of interest and at the same time mentally identified the major themes. During the second listening, they indicated when they heard the major themes repeating. One theme was especially well recognized when repeated. It was relatively short, slow, began and ended with a predictable pattern, occurred relatively early in the piece, and was interspersed with other themes. Another theme stood out in the interest ratings, which was relatively long, fast, sometimes repeated immediately with a build-up of instrumentation and dynamics, and occurred later in the piece. In general, themes judged interesting were not those that were easily identified when repeated, suggesting these are independent aspects of this composition. No effect of music training was found. Extensive analyses of Stravinsky’s Symphonies consider how the themes are repeated and interwoven. The experimental results confirmed the musical attributes considered in these analyses.
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Kotašová, Daniela. "Domestic Music Making and its Instruments: Zpráva z mezinárodní konference hudebních nástrojů v Edinburghu." Muzeum Muzejní a vlastivedná práce 60, no. 1 (2022): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/mmvp.2022.007.

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June 2022 saw the biennial conference on musical instruments organized by The Galpin Society in association with The University of Edinburgh. The papers presented a wide range of organological topics related to the fields of stringed instruments and especially wind instrument (woodwind and brass). During the conference, various options for the research methodology were presented: from the description of the construction and technical features of the instrument, decoration and design, through archival research, socio-economic aspects of production and trade, to the acoustic properties of the instruments. There was also the topic of the use of social media.
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Maruri, M., J. A. Romo, and L. Gomez. "Aspects of quality control of wind profiler measurements in complex topography." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2014): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-135-2014.

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Abstract. It is well known in the scientific community that some remote sensing instruments assume that sample volumes present homogeneous conditions within a defined meteorological profile. At complex topographic sites and under extreme meteorological conditions, this assumption may be fallible depending on the site, and it is more likely to fail in the lower layers of the atmosphere. This piece of work tests the homogeneity of the wind field over a boundary layer wind profiler radar located in complex terrain on the coast under different meteorological conditions. The results reveal the qualitative importance of being aware of deviations in this homogeneity assumption and evaluate its effect on the final product. Patterns of behavior in data have been identified in order to simplify the analysis of the complex signal registered. The quality information obtained from the homogeneity study under different meteorological conditions provides useful indicators for the best alternatives the system can offer to build wind profiles. Finally, the results are also to be considered in order to integrate them in a quality algorithm implemented at the product level.
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Bradley, Stuart. "Aspects of the Correlation between Sodar and Mast Instrument Winds." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 10 (October 1, 2013): 2241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00256.1.

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Abstract On a uniform terrain site, differences between a sodar and a mast-mounted cup anemometer will arise because of turbulent fluctuations and wind components being measured in different spaces, and because of the inherent difference between scalar and vector averaging. This paper develops theories for turbulence-related random fluctuations resulting from finite sampling rates and sampling from spatially distributed volumes. Coefficients of determination (R2) are predicted comparable to those obtained in practice. It is shown that more than two-thirds of the reduction in R2 arises from differences in the winds measured by mast instruments and by sodars, rather than by sodar errors: both instruments are measuring accurately, but just not in the same place or at the same time. The result is that sodars being used operationally should be able to measure winds to a root-mean-square accuracy of around 2%.
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Schriks, M. C. M., and W. E. Van Amerongen. "Atraumatic perspectives of ART: psychological and physiological aspects of treatment with and without rotary instruments." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 31, no. 1 (January 24, 2003): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0528.2003.00021.x.

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Villante, U., M. Vellante, A. Piancatelli, A. Di Cienzo, T. L. Zhang, W. Magnes, V. Wesztergom, and A. Meloni. "Some aspects of man-made contamination on ULF measurements." Annales Geophysicae 22, no. 4 (April 2, 2004): 1335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-22-1335-2004.

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Abstract. An analysis of the man made contamination on ULF measurements in highly populated areas has been conducted at several suitably chosen sites in Western Europe. The experimental results show common characteristics at different stations with clear evidence for an additional working day contamination with respect to weekends. These effects more clearly emerge in the vertical component that is less influenced by natural signals. A similar analysis conducted at Terra Nova Bay does not reveal any clear evidence for man made disturbances on Antarctic measurements. Key words. (Magnetospheric physics, instruments and techniques; Solar wind-magnetosphere interaction) (Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism time variations, diurnal to secular)
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Clemente, Miguel Pais, André Moreira, Catarina Morais, José Manuel Amarante, Afonso Pinhão Ferreira, and Joaquim Mendes. "Tooth Position in Wind Instrument Players: Dentofacial Cephalometric Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 19, 2021): 4306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084306.

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Background: Specific dentofacial characteristics in wind instrumentalists should be taken in consideration when analyzing physiological and anatomical issues regarding the musician’s embouchure, posture, and biomechanics during musical performance. Objectives: To compare tooth cephalometric characteristics between wind instrument players and string players (overjet, overbite, lower facial height, facial convexity, lower incisor inclination, and interincisal angle). Methods: In total, 48 wind instrumentalists (67%) and 24 string instrumentalists (33%). These musicians performed lateral tele-radiography and the correspondent linear and angular measurements of the dentofacial cephalometric analysis. Statistical comparison of wind and string instrumentalists was made by using an independent t-test. Results: Small variations on the analyzed parameters were found between the wind and string instrument groups. Based on the cephalometric analysis the variable interincisal angle was statistically significant (p < 0.05), when comparing the wind and string instrument group. Conclusions: Knowledge of the overjet and overbite value permits a substantial analysis on the tooth position of wind instrument players, where both of these parameters are increased and greater than the norm value. The cephalometry was an added value on the interpretation of possible factors that lead to the position of the central incisors of wind instruments. Till some extent in this group of musicians the applied forces during the embouchure mechanism on the anterior teeth and the existing perioral forces promote an equilibrium on the vector of forces. This study findings demonstrate that when evaluating the two samples, wind and string instruments there are different dentofacial configurations, however the only statistically significant differences that were found are related to the interincisal angle (p < 0.05).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wind instruments Physiological aspects"

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Fuks, Leonardo. "From air to music : acoustical, physiological and perceptual aspects of reed wind instrument playing and vocal-ventricular fold phonation /." Stockholm, 1999. http://www.lib.kth.se/abs99/fuks0122.pdf.

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Da, Silva Andrey. "Numerical studies of aeroacoustic aspects of wind instruments." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22005.

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The characteristics of the dynamic flow in single-reed mouthpiece systems, as well as the influence of low Mach number mean flows on parameters associated with the acoustic radiation from wind instruments and generic waveguides are investigated in this thesis. In the first case, a numerical technique based on the lattice Boltzmann method coupled to a finite difference scheme is developed in order to investigate the fluid-structure interaction within the mouthpiece-reed system due to an unsteady low Mach number viscous flow. Results obtained for a stationary simulation with a static reed agree very well with those predicted by the literature based on the quasi-stationary approximation. However, simulations carried out for a dynamic regime with an oscillating reed show that the phenomenon associated with flow detachment and reattachment diverges considerably from the theoretical assumptions. The influence of low Mach number mean flows on the acoustic transmission properties of wind instruments and generic waveguides is also investigated by means of an axisymmetric lattice Boltzmann scheme. The results obtained from an unflanged pipe model agree very well with those provided by the available theories and experimental data. The effect of different horn types attached to the open end of a pipe is also investigated in detail. When compared to an unflanged pipe, horns act to significantly increase the gain of the reflection coefficient magnitude (| R| > 1) in the same critical regions observed in the unflanged pipe. Conversely, horns act to drastically decrease the end correction in the low-frequency limit. The results sug- gest that the magnitude of the reflection coefficient is independent of the horn geometry at low Strouhal numbers, whereas the end correction is highly dependent. When the simulations are conducted with the same parameters found during clarinet playing (catenoidal horn and very low Mach numbers), it is observed that the effect of the mean flow b
Les caractéristiques de l'écoulement dynamique dans les systèmes d'embouchure à anche simple, ainsi que l'influence d' ́ecoulements à faible nombre de Mach sur certains des paramètres li ́es au rayonnement acoustique des instruments à vent et des guides d'ondes en général sont ́etudi ́ees dans cette thèse. Dans le premier cas, une technique numérique, basée sur une méthode de Boltzmann couplée à une méthode de différence finie, est développée afin d' étudier l'interaction fluide-structure dans le systéme bec-anche qui provient d'un ́ecoulement visqueux instable de faible nombre de Mach. Les résultats obtenus, en régime stationnaire avec une anche statique, concident avec ceux prédits par la litterature qui se base sur l'approximation quasi stationnaire. Cependant, les simulations effectuées pour un régime dynamique avec une anche vibrante montrent que les phénomènes associés au détachement et au rattachement de l'écoulement divergent considérablement des prédictions théoriques. L'influence d'un ́ecoulement à faible nombre de Mach sur les propriétés acoustiques des instruments à vent et des guides d'ondes en général est ́egalement ́etudiée à l'aide d'une méthode de Boltzmann sur réseau axisymétrique. Les résultats obtenus à partir d'un modèle de tuyau non- bafflé correspondent très bien à ceux fournis par les théories disponibles et les données expérimentales. L'effet de differents types de pavillon attachés à l'extrémité ouverte d'un tuyau est ́egalement ́etudié en détail. La comparaison de ces résultats avec le tuyau non-bafflé montre que les pavillons ont pour effet d'augmenter significativement le module du coefficient de réflexion pour les mêmes régions critiques (| R| > 1) observées dans le cas du tuyau. A l'inverse, les pavillons diminuent considérablement la correction de longueur dans la limite basse fréquence. Les resultats suggèrent que l'importance du coefficient$
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Pong, Sze-ming. "Aspects of dental air turbine handpiece lubricants and sterilization." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B38628351.

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Wall, Bradley A. "Effect of exercise-induced hypohydration on body temperature and cycling time trial performance in the heat with adequate facing wind speed." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2008. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/167.

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"Background: Laboratory studies have shown during prolonged exercise that 2-3% dehydration can lead to greater increases of body temperature and cardiovascular work, altered metabolic function, and impaired exercise performance, compared to when no fluid deficit occurs. However, previous studies were conducted in relatively windless environments (i.e. wind speeds
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Bailey, Robert E. (Robert Elwood) 1946. "An Investigation of the Laryngeal Activity of Trumpet Players During the Performance of Selected Exercises." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330597/.

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The study's purpose was to describe selected laryngeal activity of brass-wind players during the performance of selected musical exercises. Research problems included the observation and description of three internal areas of activity of ten trumpeters as they performed each exercise. Specific areas of observation were 1) movement of the epiglottis during the performance of each exercise, 2) movement of the vocal folds/arytenoid cartilage which includes changes in the size of the glottis during the performance of each prescribed exercise, and 3) movement of the thyroid cartilage during the performance of each prescribed exercise. Musical exercises performed by each of the subjects included a sound volume change, use of vibrato, single-tonguing, step-wise descending and ascending slurs, descending and ascending lip slurs, register change, and a descending chromatic scale. In addition, each subject performed an excerpt from the second movement of the Haydn Trumpet Concerto. Data were collected through direct observation of subject performances and then described using three different means. Data analyses revealed a prominent amount of highly individual, non-patterned laryngeal activity which played an integral role in the performance of each subject. Individuals including Law (1960), Cramer (1955), Jacobs (Stewart, 1987), and Noble (1964) have advocated an unrestricted airway during brass performance. Contrary to this advice, findings in the present study indicate that a great deal of varying, involuntary restriction is present in the laryngeal area during performance. Further, such activity appears necessary to brass performance. Others, including Farkas (1962), Schuller (1962), and Wick (1971) , have endorsed conscious use of the glottis during brass performance. While findings in the present study imply that there is a presence of voluntary or reflexive glottal activity during brass performance, evidence does not support any theory which suggests conscious use of the laryngeal mechanism.
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Yoshimura, Eri. "Risk factors for piano-related pain among college students and piano teachers solutions for reducing pain by using the ergonomically modified keyboard /." Thesis, connect to online resource. Recital, recorded Apr. 14, 2006, in digital collections. Access restricted to the University of North Texas campus, 2009. http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1469.

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Books on the topic "Wind instruments Physiological aspects"

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Teirilä, Marjatta. Physiology of wind-instrument playing and the implications for pedagogy. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 1998.

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Fugett, Bob. Impulse and strength: Playing musical instruments toward perfection. Sugar Loaf, N.Y. (P.O. Box 31, Sugar Loaf 10981): KeyTap Productions, 1992.

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Dorgeuille, Claude. Textes sur la musique et les instruments. Paris: Editions Actualité freudienne, 1995.

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Steenstrup, Kristian. Teaching brass. Aarhus [Denmark]: Det Jyske Musikkonservatorium, 2004.

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Stauffer, Donald W. Mind, muscle & motion: Studies of instrumental performing & conducting. [Birmingham, AL]: Stauffer Press, 1988.

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Untersuchung funktionaler Ablaufbedingungen komplexer sensumotorischer Fertigkeiten am Beispiel des Streichinstrumentenspiels. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1990.

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Pilafian, Sam. The brass gym: Tuba : a comprehensive daily workout for brass players. [S.l.]: Focus on Music, 2005.

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Pilafian, Sam. The brass gym: Euphonium : a comprehensive daily workout for brass players. [S.l.]: Focus on Music, 2006.

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Gaede, Thomas. Das Oberflächenelektromyogramm bei Geigern und Bratschern während des Streichinstrumentenspiels und seine Beziehung zum Ton, zu Körpermassen und zu körperlichen Beschwerden. Hamburg: Verlag Dr. Kovač, 1998.

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Benade, Arthur H. Horns, strings, and harmony. New York: Dover, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wind instruments Physiological aspects"

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Kasemsap, Kijpokin. "Pollution and Renewable Energy." In Research Anthology on Clean Energy Management and Solutions, 1–19. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9152-9.ch001.

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This chapter presents the overview of pollution; the issues of soil pollution, water pollution, and air pollution; the aspects of renewable energy; energy security and energy imports; and renewable energy policy and renewable energy policy instruments. Pollution is one of the most important environmental, social, and health issues in the world. Pollution creates many diseases and causes death of many people across the globe. The environmental damage caused by pollution can reach catastrophic proportions and destroy entire ecosystems leading to the death of many species and a big biodiversity loss. Renewable energy is a critical part of reducing global carbon emissions and the pace of investment has greatly increased as the cost of technologies fall and efficiency continues to rise. Renewable energy offers a wide variety of different options to choose from as countries can choose between sun, wind, biomass, geothermal energy, and water resources.
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Kasemsap, Kijpokin. "Pollution and Renewable Energy." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 69–92. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3379-5.ch005.

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This chapter presents the overview of pollution; the issues of soil pollution, water pollution, and air pollution; the aspects of renewable energy; energy security and energy imports; and renewable energy policy and renewable energy policy instruments. Pollution is one of the most important environmental, social, and health issues in the world. Pollution creates many diseases and causes death of many people across the globe. The environmental damage caused by pollution can reach catastrophic proportions and destroy entire ecosystems leading to the death of many species and a big biodiversity loss. Renewable energy is a critical part of reducing global carbon emissions and the pace of investment has greatly increased as the cost of technologies fall and efficiency continues to rise. Renewable energy offers a wide variety of different options to choose from as countries can choose between sun, wind, biomass, geothermal energy, and water resources.
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Williams, David A. "The iPad as a Musical Instrument!" In Creative Music Making at Your Fingertips, 83–97. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190078119.003.0007.

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When used to make music, the tablet device is a musical instrument and has several things in common with traditional wind and string instruments: It can be played well, making wonderful music, and it can be played poorly, producing sounds that are wanting in terms of musicality. First, and foremost, a tablet will make no sound until a human touches it. Second, practice is required to perform correctly on a tablet, and the performer must build technique. The tablet, like an oboe or violin, will do nothing musical until a human being interacts with it, develops technique through practice, and makes musical decisions using it. It is possible to use tablets in live performance by examining real-life examples by an iPad ensemble that model learner-centered pedagogical principles. Taking into account the social and musical aspects of the musicians, the chapter discusses possible approaches to rehearsals, what performances might involve, including collaborations with other artists, and breaking down the artificial fourth wall that too often is placed between musicians and audience.
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Wallmark, Zachary. "Body and Emotion in the Sonic Act." In Nothing but Noise, 31–60. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190495107.003.0002.

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This chapter develops an embodied cognitive framework connecting timbre perception to emotion, arousal, and meaning. Examining the dynamics of vocal exertion, it shows a basic correlation between the “sound of arousal” in the voice and high-arousal affect, even in relation to instrumental timbres. It claims that this relation plays a significant role in the way noisy timbres are perceived in musical and cultural contexts, and helps to explain how qualities of timbre can be somatically marked with positive or negative affective implications. These markings, which are largely conveyed through the acoustical properties of spectral centroid, inharmonicity, and auditory roughness, enable and constrain the affective response, thus determining how and what a given timbral quality can mean. The chapter moves through embodied theories of emotion to the expression of emotion in the voice (including an analysis of singer-songwriter Brandi Carlile’s “The Story”); from the role of vocality in musicking to the vocal aspects of instruments; from a physiological discussion of arousal and exertion to an acoustical reading of how arousal affects timbre; and, finally, to an account of the sensorimotor dimensions of hearing and the auditory dimensions of doing. It concludes with the suggestion that perceiving timbre involves some level of motor resonance with the acts that produce sound and with the human actors standing behind that sound.
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Kaimal, J. C., and J. J. Finnigan. "Flow Over Plant Canopies." In Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195062397.003.0006.

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Any land surface that receives regular rainfall is almost certain to be covered by vegetation. Most of the inhabitable regions of the globe fall into this category. Often the vegetation is tall enough to call into question the assumption, implicit in the discussion of the first two chapters, that the roughness elements on the ground surface are much lower than any observation height of interest to us. In fact, if we venture to make measurements too close to tall vegetation, we discover significant departures from many of the scaling laws and formulas that seem to work in the surface layer above the canopy. To take one example, momentum is absorbed from the wind not just at the ground surface but through the whole depth of the canopy as aerodynamic drag on the plants. Consequently, although we still observe a logarithmic velocity profile well above the canopy, its apparent origin has moved to a level z = d near the top of the plants. The precise position of this “displacement height,” d, depends on the way the drag force is distributed through the foliage and this in turn depends on the structure of the mean wind and turbulence within the canopy. Our interest in the nature of within-canopy turbulence, however, is not motivated solely by its influence on the surface layer above. The understanding of turbulent transfer within foliage canopies provides the intellectual underpinning for the physical aspects of agricultural meteorology. As such it has a history almost as venerable as investigations of the surface layer itself. The landmark study of Weather in Wheat by Penman and Long (1960) was the first of a series of seminal papers to establish the quantitative link between the turbulent fluxes in a canopy and the physiological sources and sinks of heat, water vapor, and carbon dioxide (CO2). Prominent and influential among these early publications were those by Uchijima (1962), Denmead (1964), Brown and Covey (1966), and Lemon and Wright (1969). Whereas these authors were motivated by curiosity about plant physiology and the transfer of water and other scalars through the soil-plant-air continuum, other workers forged the link between the classical surface layer studies detailed in Chapter 1 and the structure of within-canopy turbulence.
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Conference papers on the topic "Wind instruments Physiological aspects"

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Kulkarni, Swanand, Prakash Dabeer, Sandip Kale, and Suresh M. Sawant. "Comprehensive Evaluation of Some Innovative Wind Turbines." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53463.

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A rapid development in wind turbine technology took place during the Second World War and oil crisis of 1973. It continued during twentieths century, which resulted in turbines with bigger size and more advanced technology. Today, large wind turbines are becoming more competitive in the field of electricity generation because of economical production of electricity and availability at rural and remote locations. They have occupied remarkable share in world renewable power generation among various renewable energy sources. On the other hand small wind turbines are not accepted well because of lack of assured performance, cost, efficiency, etc. Therefore some researchers are trying to develop new wind turbine systems to convert wind energy in to electricity. Innovations in the design wind turbine to make them compatible for household use and also to favor their installations by building more eye-catching, efficient and economical wind turbine. To increase acceptability of wind turbines, wind turbine should satisfy the most of the criteria listed in the present study such as, ability to catch the wind from all the direction, self starting, light weight, inexpensive, maintenance free, low weight tower-top system and hence supporting structure, light weight and efficient generator, efficient wind to mechanical energy conversion and manufacturing simplicity at affordable cost and reliable performance. Present study focused on the innovative wind turbines that installed as an offshore and onshore technology. There are more than one hundred of different innovative wind turbine designs listed research papers, books, magazines and internet. In present paper, innovative design aspects of some of these turbines discussed with the technological challenges. Innovations are in the area of blade profile design, aerodynamic shape of the wind turbine, reduction of noise and vibrations, the material of the blade, mechanical and electronic instruments such as gearbox and electronic power circuit, suitability to the application, etc. The aims of these innovations are improvement in the efficiency of the wind turbine; increase in power output and to lower the overall cost. At the end of paper the technological challenges that these innovations overcome, innovative concept and feasibility of the concept are discussed. These innovations include spiral wind turbine, VAWT with accelerator, Windpax-Collapsible portable wind turbine, multi-rotor wind turbines, diffuser augmented wind turbines and floating wind turbines.
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Osborne, Alfred R. "Advances in Nonlinear Waves With Emphasis on Aspects for Ship Design and Wave Forensics." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10873.

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Abstract:
Prof. D. Faulkner emphasized the importance of the study of extreme/rogue waves when he noted that the use of sine waves for computing pressures in the design of ships was no longer tenable, primarily because of the large number of cases where extreme structural damage has been encountered due to highly nonlinear large waves. This perspective resulted in the creation of the European program MaxWave and the subsequent program Extreme Seas soon followed. Recently my own studies of nonlinear effects in water waves at Nonlinear Waves Research Corporation (NWRC) have resulted in a number of successes with regard to the fundamental physical understanding of rogue waves. These studies enlarge our ability to understand the requisite impact of extreme waves on the design of ships. Some of these advances are: (1) The determination of analytical techniques for describing rogue wave packets in two dimensions for random sea states which are directionally spread. (2) The description of wave overturning and breaking in directional sea states with the Type II (lateral) instability. (3) The development of hyperfast computer models for the deterministic simulation of directional sea states. (4) The development of a fast approach for computing the full Boltzmann integral (FBI) for the nonlinear wave/wave interactions in wind/wave models. (5) The identification of the actual physical location in the power spectrum for the nonlinear Fourier rogue wave components. (6) The development of nonlinear Fourier techniques for analyzing times series of ocean waves for the presence of rogue wave states. (7) The development of fully nonlinear directional spectra (in terms of frequency and direction) from arrays of instruments. (8) The development of hindcasting and predicting capability for the assessment of the onset of a rogue sea. I also discuss a number of future developments now underway at NWRC.
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