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Academic literature on the topic 'Winbug'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Winbug"

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Getachew, T., G. Getachew, G. Sintayehu, M. Getenet, and A. Fasil. "Bayesian Estimation of Sensitivity and Specificity of Rose Bengal, Complement Fixation, and Indirect ELISA Tests for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Ethiopia." Veterinary Medicine International 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8032753.

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Test evaluation in the absence of a gold standard test was conducted for the diagnosis and screening of bovine brucellosis using three commercially available tests including RBPT, CFT, and I-ELISA in National Animal Health Diagnostic and Investigation Center (NAHDIC) Ethiopia. A total of 278 sera samples from five dairy herds were collected and tested. Each serum sample was subjected to the three tests and the results obtained were recorded and the test outcomes were cross-classified to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the tests using Bayesian model. Prior information generated on the sensitivity and specificity of bovine brucellosis from published data was used in the model. The three test-one population Bayesian model was modified and applied using WinBug software with the assumption that the dairy herds have similar management system and unknown disease status. The Bayesian posterior estimate for sensitivity was 89.6 (95% PI: 79.9–95.8), 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3–99.1), and 94 (95% PI: 87.8–97.5) and for specificity was 84.5 (95% PI: 68–94.98), 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7–98.8), and 88.5 (95% PI: 81–93.8) for RBT, I-ELISA, and CFT, respectively. In this study I-ELISA was found with the best sensitivity and specificity estimates 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3–99.1) and 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7–98.8), compared to both CFT and RBPT.
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Giannotti, Federica, Annalisa Ruggeri, Myriam Labopin, Jan Cornelissen, Mauricette Michallet, Dimitrios Karakasis, Eric Deconinck, et al. "Impact of HLA of Winning Cord Blood Unit on Outcomes after Double Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Adults with Acute Leukemia: A Retrospective Study on Behalf of Eurocord, the Cord Blood Committee Cellular Therapy and Immunobiology Working Party and the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the EBMT." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 3111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.3111.3111.

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Abstract Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) from unrelated donor is a valid alternative for patients (pts) with acute leukemia (AL) who lack an HLA matched donor. Double UCBT (dUCBT) has extended the use of UCBT to adults. In the majority of the cases, chimerism analysis shows that one unit emerges as the sole source of long term hematopoiesis in the recipient (rcp) following dUCBT. However, no clear factor has yet been identified to reliably predict which unit will emerge as the predominant one. With the aim of analyzing factors that may predict cord blood unit (CBU) predominance and the impact of the winning CBU characteristics on outcomes after dUCBT, we studied adults with AL who underwent dUCBT as first transplant between 2004 and 2013 at EBMT centres. We selected pts who achieved engraftment and who had available chimerism data assessed within day 130 after dUCBT, with one of the CBUs representing at least 50% of the rcp hematopoiesis (winCBU). According to these criteria, 347 pts were included: 323 had full donor (18 being dual chimera) and 24 had mixed chimerism (>5% of donor cells). At diagnosis, 35% had ALL and 65% AML. At dUCBT 45% were in first complete remission (CR), 44% in second CR and 11% had more advanced disease. Overall, 33% had high risk cytogenetic features. Median time from diagnosis to dUCBT was 12 months (range, 2-202), median age was 40 years (y) (18-76). Conditioning regimen (CT) was reduced intensity (RIC) in 52%. Cyclophosphamide+fludarabine+total body irradiation was the most frequent CT (63%). Anti-thymoglobulin (ATG) was administrated in 25% of the transplants. Median number of total nucleated cells (TNC) and CD34+ cells at cryopreservation were 5.1x107/Kg (range, 2.3-13.7) and 1.3x105/Kg (range, 0.4-10.7), respectively. Considering the unit with the highest number of HLA mismatches (MMs) with the rcp, 73% of the donors were matched at 4 or less loci (≤4/6). For winCBUs, median number of TNC and CD34 cells at cryopreservation were 2.5x107/Kg (range, 0.95-6) and 1x105/Kg (range, 0.06-10), respectively. Only 4% of the winCBUs were 6/6 HLA-matched to the rcp, while 37% were 5/6, 55% were 4/6 and 4% were 3/6 HLA-matched. Overall, 54% of the winCBUs were gender matched and 38% were ABO compatible with the rcp. WinCBUs median age was 3.4 years (range, 0.2-14). As for inter unit characteristics, 50% of the pts received gender matched units. Units were ABO compatible in 40% of the cases, while 30% had minor and 30% had major ABO incompatibility. In our study population, median follow-up for survivors was 35 months (range, 3-99). All pts engrafted with neutrophil >0.5x109/L in a median time of 25 days (range, 6-66) post DCBT. No secondary graft failure was reported. The cumulative incidence (CI) of acute GvHD grade II-IV at 100 days was 41% with a median time of onset of 29 days (range, 7-106). The 3y-CI of chronic GvHD was 41% (50% of the pts had extensive). The 3y-CI of relapse (RI) and transplant related mortality (TRM) were 27% and 24%, respectively. At 3y, leukemia free survival (LFS) was 49% and overall survival (OS) was 54%. In multivariate analysis (MVA) including unit characteristics (HLA and gender matching, type of HLA MMs, number of TNC and CD34 cells at cryopreservation, ABO compatibility and unit age) and inter unit features (gender match, ABO compatibility), no significant factor predicting the winCBU was identified. Analyzing the impact of winCBU on dUCBT outcomes, the HLA matching between CBU and the rcp was the only characteristic related to the winCBU significantly affecting results. The 3y-LFS for pts with 6/6 or 5/6 HLA-matched winCBUs was 56% as compared to 44% for those with 4/6 (p=0.03), while OS was 62% versus 49% (p=0.01), respectively. Acute GvHD was increased in pts receiving a 4/6 HLA-matched winCBU (46% versus 35% for those 6/6 or 5/6, p=0.04). In MVA, 4/6 HLA-matched winCBU was associated with decreased LFS (HR 1.5, p=0.03) and OS (HR 1.5, p=0.03), and with increased TRM (HR 1.9, p=0.03) and acute GvHD (HR 1.7, p=0.01). Notably, older winCBUs (>3.4y) were associated with higher acute GvHD (48% versus 35%; HR 1.6, p=0.02). Other factors associated with poor outcomes were advanced disease status and the use of ATG. Although we failed to identified any factor predicting CBU predominance, we were able to demonstrate that a 4/6 HLA matched winCBU is associated with poor outcomes. Therefore, selecting units with lower number of HLA MMs for dUCBT may improve final outcomes. Disclosures Russell: Therakos: Other: shares. Mohty:Riemser: Honoraria, Research Funding. Nagler:Biokine LTD: Consultancy.
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Hippe, Peter. "An alternative method for windup prevention." at - Automatisierungstechnik 69, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 750–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2021-0051.

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Abstract Windup effects can be subdivided into controller windup and plant windup. Controller windup can be prevented by stabilizing the compensator during saturation and plant windup by an additional dynamic element. When using a compensating design, i. e., the zeros and poles of the plant are compensated by the poles and zeros of the controller, plant windup does not occur. The compensating control is parametrized by one parameter allowing nearly arbitrary disturbance attenuation. This type of control is restricted to minimum-phase systems. But it has a number of advantages. It simplifies the SISO and especially the MIMO design of compensators with integral action considerably, it has good robustness properties and it allows a diagonal decoupling of the reference behavior for arbitrary MIMO system. Two examples demonstrate the results achievable.
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Iskandar, Reza Fauzi, Reksa Putra, and Asep Suhendi. "Analisis Pengaruh Kontrol PI Dengan Integral Anti-Windup Sebagai Upaya Reduksi Lonjakan Respon pada Sistem Ruang Termal." Komputika : Jurnal Sistem Komputer 8, no. 1 (June 14, 2019): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/komputika.v8i1.1679.

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The Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control is a classical control type which still use in industry and the development of methods is being improve. The simplicity of the structure and reliability of the PID makes this control more popular in the industry. Integral element is control element that produce control signals by accumulating error, its process can cause the windup events. Windup is the accumulation of integral controls outside the saturation boundary. Windup has an impact on forced response over a long period which worsens of time response and stability. This paper examines the application of anti-windup controls as an effort to overcome the accumulation of integral actions in PI control scheme. At the temperature reference value of 35 0C, the room temperature response with anti-windup shows a high temperature overshoot about 43.6%. The settling time is 15.3 minutes relative slow. The system response with anti-windup shows the lowest temperature overshoot that is 15.2% and the settling time of the system tends to be faster around 6.9 minutes. Keywords – Thermal room, proportional-Integral, anti-windup.
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Shi, Xian Jun, Hong Chao Zhao, and Ke Wen Xu. "Dynamic Anti-Windup Design for Missile Overload Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 236-237 (November 2012): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.236-237.273.

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The former research on the overload control system of a supersonic missile didn’t consider actuator saturation. In order to reduce the windup effect caused by actuator saturation, we developed a dynamic anti-windup compensator. The overload control system design adopted a two-step approach. Firstly a sliding mode controller was designed ignoring the saturation. Secondly a dynamic anti-windup compensator was designed. It added to the control system to reduce the windup effect. It disengaged the actuator fast from saturation phase after the actuator entered saturation. Simulation results showed that the dynamic anti-windup compensator reduced 52% of saturation time of the control system. Hence the performance of the overload control system is improved effectively.
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Aby, Franck, Rabia Bouali-Benazzouz, Marc Landry, and Pascal Fossat. "Windup of Nociceptive Flexion Reflex Depends on Synaptic and Intrinsic Properties of Dorsal Horn Neurons in Adult Rats." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 24 (December 5, 2019): 6146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20246146.

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Windup, a progressive increase in spinal response to repetitive stimulations of nociceptive peripheral fibers, is a useful model to study central sensitization to pain. Windup is expressed by neurons in both the dorsal and ventral horn of the spinal cord. In juvenile rats, it has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro that windup depends on calcium-dependent intrinsic properties and their modulation by synaptic components. However, the involvement of these two components in the adults remains controversial. In the present study, by means of electromyographic and extracellular recordings, we show that windup in adults, in vivo, depends on a synaptic balance between excitatory N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and inhibitory glycinergic receptors. We also demonstrate the involvement of L-type calcium channels in both the dorsal and ventral horn of the spinal cord. These results indicate that windup in adults is similar to juvenile rats and that windup properties are the same regardless of the spinal network, i.e., sensory or motor.
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Onushko, Tanya, Allison Hyngstrom, and Brian D. Schmit. "Bilateral oscillatory hip movements induce windup of multijoint lower extremity spastic reflexes in chronic spinal cord injury." Journal of Neurophysiology 106, no. 4 (October 2011): 1652–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00859.2010.

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After spinal cord injury (SCI), alterations in intrinsic motoneuron properties have been shown to be partly responsible for spastic reflex behaviors in human SCI. In particular, a dysregulation of voltage-dependent depolarizing persistent inward currents (PICs) may permit sustained muscle contraction after the removal of a brief excitatory stimulus. Windup, in which the motor response increases with repeated activation, is an indicator of PICs. Although windup of homonymous stretch reflexes has been shown, multijoint muscle activity is often observed following imposed limb movements and may exhibit a similar windup phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify windup of multijoint reflex responses to repeated imposed hip oscillations. Ten chronic SCI subjects participated in this study. A custom-built servomotor apparatus was used to oscillate the legs about the hip joint bilaterally and unilaterally from 10° of extension to 40° flexion for 10 consecutive cycles. Surface electromyograms (EMGs) and joint torques were recorded from both legs. Consistent with a windup response, hip and knee flexion/extension and ankle plantarflexion torque and EMG responses varied according to movement cycle number. The temporal patterns of windup depended on the muscle groups that were activated, which may suggest a difference in the response of neurons in different spinal pathways. Furthermore, because windup was seen in muscles that were not being stretched, these results imply that changes in interneuronal properties are also likely to be associated with windup of spastic reflexes in human SCI.
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Pană, Valentin. "Pilot-Induced Oscillations Prevention Using Anti-Windup Compensation in the Presence of Time-Delay." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 1262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.1262.

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The paper presents a compensator design technique for systems with saturating actuators in order to recover as much as possible the performance of the unsaturated case. This anti-windup scheme is obtained using H-infinity optimization methodology. The proposed design approach allows to obtain a anti-windup controller that accounts for time-delays in the control system. Comparative result are presented for the two design methods and time simulation of the nonlinear system are used to analyze the performances of both designs. A reduced order anti-windup controller procedure is also investigated. Keywords: PIO, anti-windup, rate saturation, compensator.
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Tarbouriech, S., J. M. Gomes da Silva,, and G. Garcia. "Delay-Dependent Anti-Windup Loops for Enlarging the Stability Region of Time Delay Systems With Saturating Inputs." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 125, no. 2 (June 1, 2003): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1569953.

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This paper addresses the problem of the determination of regions of stability for linear systems with delayed inputs and subject to input saturation through anti-windup strategies. Differently of the most anti-windup techniques, where the design of the anti-windup loop is introduced with the objective of minimizing the performance degradation, we are particularly interested in the synthesis of anti-windup gains in order to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system for regions of admissible initial states as large as possible. With this aim, due to the presence of delay in the input we propose delay dependent results.
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Aguiar, P., M. Sousa, and D. Lima. "NMDA Channels Together With L-Type Calcium Currents and Calcium-Activated Nonspecific Cationic Currents Are Sufficient to Generate Windup in WDR Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 2 (August 2010): 1155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00834.2009.

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Windup is characterized as a frequency-dependent increase in the number of evoked action potentials in dorsal horn neurons in response to electrical stimulation of afferent C-fibers. This phenomenon was first described in the mid-60s, but the core mechanisms behind it still remain elusive. Several factors affecting its dynamics have been identified, but the distinction between modulating mechanisms from generating mechanisms is not always clear. Several mechanisms contribute to the excitation of dorsal horn neurons exhibiting windup, and one of our main aims was to help making this distinction. The approach presented here relies on mathematical and computational analysis to study the mechanism(s) underlying windup. From experimentally obtained windup profiles, we extract the time scale of the facilitation mechanisms that may support the characteristics of windup. Guided by these values and using simulations of a biologically realistic compartmental model of a wide dynamic range (WDR) neuron, we are able to assess the contribution of each mechanism for the generation of action potentials windup. We show that the key mechanisms giving rise to windup is the temporal summation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) long-lasting postsynaptic responses taking place on top of a membrane potential cumulative depolarization. Calcium-activated nonspecific cationic currents driven by calcium influx from L-type calcium channels and synaptic currents support this cumulative depolarization and plateau formation in WDR neuron membrane potential. The effects of different nonhomogeneous stimulation protocols are explored, and their important role in clarifying many aspects of the windup generation is shown. The models are used to produce several predictions that can be tested experimentally.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Winbug"

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Ulanovska, Anastazja. "Ekonominio modelio tyrimas su Dynare ir Winbug programomis." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140627_171859-84042.

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Šiame darbe buvo nagrinėjamas dinaminis stochastinis stacionarus modelis aprašytas I.Carabenciov, I.Ermolaev, Ch.Freedman, M.Juillard, O.Kamenik, D.Korshunov, D.Laxton „A Small Quarterly Projection Model of the US Economy“ straipsnyje. Duomenis pateikė „Euromonitor International“ įmonė. Modelyje naudojami keturi Jungtinių Valstijų ekonomikos rodikliai: realus bendras vidaus produktas, nedarbo lygis, infliacija ir federalinių fondų palūkanų norma. Rodikliai stebimi 1994 m. І ketv. – 2009 m. ІІ ketv. laikotarpiu. Darbo tikslas – pakartoti „A Small Quarterly Projection Model of the US Economy“ straipsnio rezultatus. Buvo pasirinkti du programavimo paketai – Dynare ir Winbugs. Modelis buvo suprogramuotas dvejomis skirtingomis programomis, kurios remiasi Bajeso metodologija. Po to, gauti rezultatai buvo lyginami su straipsnyje pateiktais rezultatais. Atlikus visus skaičiavimus buvo gauti tokie rezultatai: su Dynare puikiai pavyko pakartoti modelio rezultatus. Su Winbugs programa gauti rezultatai nepilnai sutapo su straipsnyje pateiktais rezultatais. Iš to galima buvo padaryti išvada, kad Dynare programa labiau tinka dinaminių stochastinių stacionarių modelių vertinimui. Šio darbo rezultatai bus labai naudingi tyrimo planuotojams bei vykdytojams. Modelio rezultatai bus įtraukti į globalųjų modelį, kuris apjungs dar kelių valstybių modelius.
In the research paper a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium described in I.Carabenciov, I.Ermolaev, Ch.Freedman, M.Juillard, O.Kamenik, D.Korshunov, D.Laxton article „A Small Quarterly Projection Model of the US Economy“ was analyzed. The data for analysis was provided by “Euromonitor International“ company. The benchmark model has only four variables: real gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment rate, consumer price index, federal funds rate. The model is estimated over sample period from 1994QI till 2009QII. The aim of the research was to reiterate the results given in the article „A Small Quarterly Projection Model of the US Economy“. For this aim two programming packages were chosen – Dynare and Winbugs. The model was programmed using two different programs, both based on Bayesian methodology. Afterward the results were compared with results presented in the article. After all the calculations were done, the results were following: model was successfully repeated with Dynare. Although the results obtained with Winbugs program differed from the results given in the article. It therefore concluded that Dynare program is more suitable for the assessment of stationary stochastic dynamic models.
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Greco, T. "NETWORK META-ANALYSIS: A NOVEL APPROACH BASED ON A HIERARCHICAL DATA STRUCTURE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/344198.

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INTRODUCTION Meta-analysis is a powerful tool to cumulate and summarize the knowledge in a research field through statistical instruments, and to identify the overall measure of a treatment’s effect by combining several study-specific results. However, it is a controversial tool, because even small violations of certain rules can lead to misleading conclusions. Pooling data through meta-analysis can create problems, such as non linear correlations, multifactorial rather than unifactorial effects, limited coverage, or inhomogeneous data that fails to connect with the hypothesis. When head-to-head treatment comparisons are not available or conclusive, the limitations of standard (i.e. pairwise) meta-analyses can be overcome by network meta-analyses (NMA) which can provide estimates of treatment efficacy or safety of multiple treatment regimens. Different treatment strategies are analyzed by statistical inference methods rather than simply summing up trials that evaluated the same intervention compared to another intervention, standard care, or placebo. If a first trial compares drug A to drug B, showing that drug A is significantly superior to drug B, and a second trial investigates the same or a similar patient population comparing drug B versus drug C (demonstrating that drug B is equivalent to drug C), NMA may allow to infer that drug A is also potentially superior to drug C for this given patient population, even though there was no direct test of drug A against drug C. CONTENTS In this thesis we provided and discussed methods to overcome the limits of standard (univariate) meta-analysis, focusing on the ability to cope with multiple treatments and to deal with correlated data where correlation can derive from multiple endpoints, time-varying responses or from clustered observation. In the first chapter we explore the principal steps (from writing a prospective protocol of analysis to results’ interpretation) in order to minimize the risk of conducting a mediocre meta-analysis and to support researchers to accurately evaluate the published findings. The second chapter represents an overview of conceptual and practical issues of a network meta-analysis. We start from general considerations on network meta-analysis to specifically appraise how to collect study data, structure the analytical network, and specify the requirements for different models and parameter interpretations. Specifically, we outline the key steps, from literature search to sensitivity analysis, necessary to perform a valid network meta-analysis on binomial data. In the third party of this work, we focus our attention on data which can be analyzed with a binomial model applying the Bayesian hierarchical approach and using Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. We also apply this analytical approach to a case study on the beneficial effects of anesthetic agents in order to further clarify the statistical details of the models, diagnostics, and computations. We presented a practical guide with the actual WinBUGS and SAS codes to allow transparency and ease of replication of all steps that are required when carrying out such quantitative syntheses. In the fourth chapter we propose an alternative frequentist approach to estimate consistency and inconsistency models for a network meta-analysis. We discuss the multilevel network meta-analysis which include a three-level data structure: subjects within studies at the first level, studies within study designs at the second level and design configuration at the third level. We discuss multilevel modeling which may be carried out within widely available statistical programs such as SAS software, and we compare the results of a published Bayesian network meta-analysis on a binary endpoint which examines the effect on mortality of desflurane, isoflurane, sevoflurane, and total intravenous anaesthetics at the longest follow-up available. In the final chapter we compare the Bayesian and the novel frequentist-multilevel approach in performing network meta-analysis on publicly available data and we investigate the descriptive characteristics that may contribute to decrease or increase the potential difference between the estimates derived from the two approaches. The two approaches were compared in terms of the difference between the pooled estimates or their standardized values, and of the Euclidean distance. BAYESIAN NETWORK META-ANALYSIS Suppose that J trials provide mixed comparisons among K treatments and that a is the trial-specific reference treatment. The random effect model is defined by: yja= β0+eja for j=1,2,...,J; a=1,2,…,K-1 yjk= β0j+δj,ak+ejk for j=1,2,...,J; a=2,3,…,K; b
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Ascencio, Flores Daniel R., and A. Juan Hernández. "Winkul Hacienda Lodge." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143340.

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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓN Daniel Ascencio F. [Parte I], Juan Hernández A. [Parte II]
El turismo es una de las industrias de más rápido crecimiento en el mundo y lo ha sido particularmente en Chile en los últimos años. Este Sector Industrial, además, es el principal promotor de la conservación del medio ambiente y del patrimonio cultural de las comunidades. La búsqueda por conocer nuevas latitudes, culturas, costumbre y el interés cada día más fuerte por acercarse a la vida natural, incentivan la inquietud de viajar. Los datos entregados por la Subsecretaría de Turismo y Sernatur en su informe de Turismo Receptivo Anual 2015 y respaldados por la Organización Mundial de Turismo (OMT), muestran que durante el 2015 las llegadas de turistas a nivel mundial se incrementaron en un 4%, mientras que América del Sur creció un 5,4%. En Chile se registró un significativo 21,9% de aumento en las visitas de extranjeros versus el año 2014, llegando a 4.478,3 (Miles) de turistas, muy por sobre la tasa de crecimiento media de un 7,4% entre 2008-2015. Los ingresos por turismo receptivo en nuestro país representan el 4%, registrándose MMUS$2.431,1 durante el año 2015 aumentando un 9,8% comparado con 2014. Las estimaciones futuras de la industria turística en Chile son muy auspiciosas, tomando en cuenta la visión del Ministerio de Economía de posicionar a Chile como un destino de clase mundial. La Subsecretaría de Turismo anunció la concreción de un aumento del fondo de promoción, el cual aumentará de US$13 millones el 2015 a US$21,5 el 20171 con el objetivo de lograr la visita de 5,4 millones de turistas al año 20202, desde los 4 millones de turistas registrados en 2014 y esperando un aumento de su gasto promedio en un 50%. Estos son los principales argumentos que motivan la creación de Winkul Hacienda Lodge, un centro turístico “All Inclusive” de alto estándar enclavado en la Pre cordillera de la Región de Los Lagos en el Sur de Chile, cercano al Volcán Osorno, entre los Lagos Rupanco y Llanquihue, dueño de una belleza natural que motiva a la aventura y/o al relajo según se quiera. Como antecedente previo, se puede mencionar que la generación de riqueza del Proyecto (VAN) en los primeros 6 años de funcionamiento es de M$286.182,33, con una Tasa Interna de Retorno del 21,15% real anual y la recuperación de la Inversión en 4,02 años.
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Lindsey, Heidi Lula. "An Introduction to Bayesian Methodology via WinBUGS and PROC MCMC." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2784.

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Bayesian statistical methods have long been computationally out of reach because the analysis often requires integration of high-dimensional functions. Recent advancements in computational tools to apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are making Bayesian data analysis accessible for all statisticians. Two such computer tools are Win-BUGS and SASR 9.2's PROC MCMC. Bayesian methodology will be introduced through discussion of fourteen statistical examples with code and computer output to demonstrate the power of these computational tools in a wide variety of settings.
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Teo, Chun Sang Justin. "Gradient projection anti-windup scheme." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63043.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-217).
It is a well-recognized fact that control saturation affects virtually all practical control systems. It leads to controller windup, which degrades/limits the system's closed-loop performance, and may cause catastrophic failures if it induces instability. Anti-windup compensation is one of two main approaches to mitigate the effects of windup, and is conceptually and practically attractive. For the idealized case of constrained linear time invariant (LTI) plants driven by LTI controllers, numerous anti-windup schemes exist. However, most practical control systems are inherently nonlinear, and anti-windup compensation for nonlinear systems remains largely an open problem. To this end, we propose the gradient projection anti-windup (GPAW) scheme, which is an extension of the conditional integration method to multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems, using Rosen's gradient projection method for nonlinear programming. It achieves controller state-output consistency by projecting the controller state onto the unsaturated region induced by the control saturation constraints. The GPAW-compensated controller is a hybrid controller defined by the online solution to either a combinatorial optimization subproblem, a convex quadratic program, or a projection onto a convex polyhedral cone problem. We show that the GPAW-compensated system is obtained by modifying the uncompensated system with a passive operator. Qualitative weaknesses of some existing anti-windup results are established, which motivated a new paradigm to address the anti-windup problem. It is shown that for a constrained first order LTI plant driven by a first order LTI controller, GPAW compensation can only maintain/enlarge its region of attraction (ROA). In this new paradigm, we derived some ROA comparison and stability results for MIMO nonlinear as well as MIMO LTI systems. The thesis is not that the GPAW scheme solves a centuries-old open problem of immense practical importance, but rather, that it provides a potential path to a solution. We invite the reader to join us in this quest at the confluence of nonlinear systems, hybrid systems, projected dynamical systems, differential equations with discontinuous right-hand sides, combinatorial optimization, convex analysis and optimization, and passive systems.
by Chun Sang Justin Teo.
Sc.D.
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Esmeral, Jorge Sofrony. "Anti-windup synthesis using Riccati equations." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30250.

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This thesis studies the design and implementation of anti-windup compensators for systems with magnitude and rate-limited actuators; the thesis contains four main contributions. The first is the development of a new method for anti-windup compensator design, based on the solution of a single Riccati equation, for systems with magnitude saturated actuators. The second contribution shows how this new method can be adapted to systems with rate saturation. The third contribution describes the application of the anti-windup techniques developed to a complex experimental aircraft model in order to reduce the susceptibility to pilot-induced-oscillations. The thesis culminates with a description and analysis of the implementation of these anti-windup compensators on a real aircraft and the subsequent flight tests. The flight test results clearly illustrate the advantages of employing anti-windup compensation in terms of improved handling qualities and reduced susceptibility pilot-induced-oscillations.
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Alli-Oke, Razak Olusegun. "Robustness and optimization in anti-windup control." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/robustness-and-optimization-in-antiwindup-control(8b98c920-90c3-4fbc-95a8-0cc7ae2a607a).html.

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This thesis is broadly concerned with online-optimizing anti-windup control. These are control structures that implement some online-optimization routines to compensate for the windup effects in constrained control systems. The first part of this thesis examines a general framework for analyzing robust preservation in anti-windup control systems. This framework - the robust Kalman conjecture - is defined for the robust Lur’e problem. This part of the thesis verifies this conjecture for first-order plants perturbed by various norm-bounded unstructured uncertainties. Integral quadratic constraint theory is exploited to classify the appropriate stability multipliers required for verification in these cases. The remaining part of the thesis focusses on accelerated gradient methods. In particular, tight complexity-certificates can be obtained for the Nesterov gradient method, which makes it attractive for implementation of online-optimizing anti-windup control. This part of the thesis presents a proposed algorithm that extends the classical Nesterov gradient method by using available secant information. Numerical results demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed algorithm are analysed with the aid of performance profiles. As the objective function becomes more ill-conditioned, the proposed algorithm becomes significantly more efficient than the classical Nesterov gradient method. The improved performance bodes well for online-optimization anti-windup control since ill-conditioning is common place in constrained control systems. In addition, this thesis explores another subcategory of accelerated gradient methods known as Barzilai-Borwein gradient methods. Here, two algorithms that modify the Barzilai-Borwein gradient method are proposed. Global convergence of the proposed algorithms for all convex functions is established by using discrete Lyapunov theorems.
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Stenberg, Conny. "Regulatorer med styrsignalsbegränsning." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1796.

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This thesis studies the negative impact that control signal saturation may have on a controlled system. Different methods that are used to compensate for this problem are also studied and evaluated. Both sensitivity to disturbances and the effect the method has on the systems'ability to follow a reference signal will be examined. Stability will be discussed, but no conclusions whether the systems are stabilized or not can be drawn.

Control signal saturation will lead to a slower behavior in general. For controllers with integral action this performance degradation will cause an extended growth in the integrating part of the controller. This leads to large overshoots and possibly to instability.

As an alternative to the more ad-hoc based methods, model based predictive control is studied. This metod can explicitly handle constrained control signals. Here, too, sensitivity to disturbances and the effect the method has on the systems'ability to follow a reference signal is examined.

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Cramond, Paige Marie 1983. "Space: Movement and Location in Wintu." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11509.

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xii, 75 p.
Wintu is a moribund Penutian language once spoken in the Sacramento River Valley in Northern California. Presently unexplored is Wintu expression of movement and location. Several avenues exist for nouns and verbs. Nouns receive optional locative suffixation, or location may be implied in the absence of a noun. Verbs may receive locative prefixes and/or an implied trajectory may be inherent to a verb's semantics; inherent location may also be expressed by nouns. In more complicated cases, nouns appear to receive established verbal morphology, or the nominal locative suffix or verbal locative prefixes occur in unusual contexts. In order to reach primary conclusions, it was necessary to address other difficulties, including nominal aspect, unclear word-class boundaries, inconsistent glossing, lack of native speakers and an overall paucity of information. Primary data consist of texts recorded and transcribed in the 1970s and two English/Wintu dictionaries; analysis was based on forms from these documents.
Committee in charge: Prof. Scott DeLancey, Chairperson; Prof. Spike Gildea, Member
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Izquierdo, David Orlando Diaz. "Análise experimental do efeito aerodinâmico de dispositivos de asa e ponta de asa em uma aeronave tipo \"Blended Wing Body\"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18148/tde-26072016-104731/.

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Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o comportamento aerodinâmico de dispositivos de ponta de asa e Fences acoplados em uma aeronave Blended Wing Body (BWB) através de testes em túnel de vento. A BWB é um projeto de aeronave alternativo que faz parte do conceito de aeronaves sustentáveis. O Laboratório de Aeronaves da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, vem realizando uma série de pesquisas sobre este assunto. Em trabalhos anteriores com o modelo BWB foram observados a presença tanto de um escoamento transversal na parte externa quanto um forte vórtice no meio do modelo. A fim de melhorar o primeiro protótipo o Droop, bem como um arranjo de três Fences foram adicionados no modelo BWB. Além disso, os dispositivos Winglets e C-wing foram considerados neste estudo. Entre o desenvolvimento de aeronaves, vários dispositivos têm sido estudados e implementados em aeronaves convencionais. Estes tem várias vantagens, tais como a melhoria da eficiência aerodinâmica e a redução do arrasto induzido e efeitos positivos no rendimento do avião. Os dispositivos de ponta da asa criam uma força aerodinâmica em que um do seus componentes atua na direção do voo, esta também pode contribuir para a redução da intensidade dos vórtices nas pontas da asa, reduzindo o arrasto induzido. Pesquisas em aeronaves não convencionais mostraram que BWB poderia ter melhores características aerodinâmicas do que uma aeronave convencional. Aindústriaaeronáuticaestáprocurandoareduçãodoscustosoperacionais,bemcomo a adaptação das aeronaves para a restrição legislativa das emissões de gases e poluição sonora. Nas últimas décadas, esta redução não teve uma melhora significativa em termos de valores absolutos para configurações convencionais, isso fez com que novas e mais eficientes configurações têm sido estudadas. A interferência dos diferentes dispositivos no modelo BWB foram analisados em teste em túnel de vento. Os experimentos foram realizados no Laboratório de Aeronaves da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo. Foi utilizado um túnel de vento fechado com uma seção de teste de 1.7x1.3x3 [m]. O ângulo de ataque foi variado desde -4º a 20º e Re = 390.000. Os resultados mostram que os dispositivos nas pontas da asa melhoraram o desempenho da aeronave, bem como a eficiência aerodinâmica. Com relação aos Fence este comportamento não foi observado. Entre tanto, em ângulos elevados a eficiência foi aumentada. Através da técnica de visualização oil flow observou-se que o escoamento sobre a asa foi redirecionado diminuindo o coeficiente de arrasto em ângulos de ataque elevados.
This work aims to analyze the aerodynamic behavior of wingtip devices and Fences coupled on a Blended Wing Body aircraft (BWB) through wind tunnel tests. The BWB is an alternative of airship design which makes up part of the Green aircraft concept. The Aircraft Laboratory of the School of Engineering of São Carlos-University of São Paulo has been carrying out a lot of research into this subject. In previous works with a BWB model, the presence both of a cross flow on the external part and a stronger vortex in the middle of the model have been observed. In order to improve the first prototype a Droop as well as an arrangement of three Fences were added on the BWB model. Furthermore the Winglets, C-wing devices were considered in this study. Among the aircraft development, several devices have been studied and implemented in conventional aircraft. These ones had several advantages such as improving the aerodynamic efficiency and induced drag reduction and getting positive effects on aircraft performance. The wingtip devices create an aerodynamic force in which one of this components acts in the flight direction, also these can contribute to the reduction of the wingtip vortices strength, reducing the induced drag. Researches in non conventional aircraft has shown that BWB could have better aerodynamic characteristics than a conventional aircraft. The aeronautical industry is looking for the reduction of direct operational cost, as well as the adaptation of aircrafts to the demanding legislative restriction of gas emissions and noise pollution. In the last few decades this reductions has not had a significant improvement in terms of absolute values for conventional configurations, this has meant that new and more efficient configurations have been studied. The interference of the different devices on the BWB model were analyzed in wind tunnel test. The experiments were carried out in the Aircraft Laboratory of the School of Engineering of São Carlos-University of São Paulo. A closed wind tunel with a section work of 1.7x1.3x3 [m] was used. The angle of attack was varied from -4º to 20º and Re = 390.000. The results shows that the wing tip devices improved the aircraft performance as well as the aerodynamic efficiency. Regarding the Fences this behavior was not observed. However, at higher angles the efficiency was increased. Through oil flow visualization it was observed that the flow over the wing was redirected decreasing the drag coeficient at higher attack angles.
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Books on the topic "Winbug"

1

Wintu dictionary. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985.

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Bayesian modeling using WinBUGS. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2009.

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Sałiḧ, ʻEbdulwaḧîd. Winbûn. [Kurdistan, Iraq]: Yekêtî Jinanî Kurdistan, 2012.

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Matt, Christopher, ed. Windmill windup. Boston: Little, Brown, 2001.

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Proto-Wintun. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.

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Nolte, C. C. The geology of the Winburg area. Pretoria, South Africa: Council for Geoscience, Geological Survey of South Africa, 1995.

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Moser, Erwin. Winzig der Elefant. Weinheim: Beltz & Gelberg, 1985.

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Kéry, Marc. Introduction to WinBUGS for ecologists: A Bayesian approach to regression, ANOVA, mixed models and related analyses. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2010.

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Kery, Marc. Introduction to WinBUGS for ecologists: Bayesian approach to regression, ANOVA, mixed models and related analyses. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2010.

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Selner, Jaroslav. Velitel wingu. Praha: X-Egem, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Winbug"

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Suess, Eric A., and Bruce E. Trumbo. "Using WinBUGS for Bayesian Estimation." In Introduction to Probability Simulation and Gibbs Sampling with R, 249–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68765-0_10.

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Hyde, Richard Alden. "Multivariable Anti-Windup." In H∞ Aerospace Control Design, 95–102. London: Springer London, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3049-9_7.

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Albert, Jim. "Using R to Interface with WinBUGS." In Bayesian Computation with R, 265–86. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-92298-0_11.

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Kéry, Marc. "WinBUGS." In Introduction to WinBUGS for Ecologists, 29–32. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-378605-0.00003-x.

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"Selected WinBUGS Code." In Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics Series, 307–17. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781584888413.axb.

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"Appendix B: WinBUGS." In Nonparametric Statistics with Applications to Science and Engineering, 397–403. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470168707.app2.

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"Programming in WinBUGS." In Bayesian Analysis for Population Ecology, 401–15. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439811887.axc.

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"Introduction to WinBUGS." In Bayesian Methods for Measures of Agreement, 315–25. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420083439.axb.

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"Wintuk." In The Fairchild Books Dictionary of Textiles. Fairchild Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501365072.17968.

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"Bayesian Methods and WinBUGS." In Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare, 17–42. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119942986.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Winbug"

1

Shuang, Wei F., Shao J. Zhang, and Xue Wu. "An anti-windup fault tolerant control method for tailless flying wing aircraft." In 2016 IEEE Chinese Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference (CGNCC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cgncc.2016.7828825.

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Jiang, Yibing. "Windup." In SIGGRAPH '20: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3368827.3386439.

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Jarom, Carol, and Anita Schwartz. ""WinSun"." In the 34th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1181216.1181294.

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Jiang, Yibing, Aleksander Karshikoff, and Silvia Rasheva. "Windup." In SA '20: SIGGRAPH Asia 2020. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3414687.3434113.

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Coskun, Kemal Caglar, Artun Sel, and Cosku Kasnakoglu. "Design of a 4D Trajectory Tracking Controller with Anti-Windup Protection for Fixed-Wing Aircraft." In 2019 23rd International Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing (ICSTCC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icstcc.2019.8885812.

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Shuang, Weifang, Shaojie Zhang, Xue Wu, Erik-Jan Van Kampen, and Q. Ping Chu. "An Anti-windup Fault Tolerant Control Scheme with Guaranteed Transient Performance for Tailless Flying Wing Aircrafts." In AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-1253.

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Zhang, Yong, Kangle Xu, and Yujie Wang. "WiNum." In ICIT 2019: IoT and Smart City. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3377170.3377254.

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Nama, Rajeev, A. K. Vijaya, Rajee Guptan, P. K. Malhotra, and S. G. Ghadge. "Bayesian approach of reliability parameter estimation using WinBUGS." In 2010 2nd International Conference on Reliability, Safety and Hazard - Risk-Based Technologies and Physics-of-Failure Methods (ICRESH). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icresh.2010.5779533.

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Teng, Stephen. "Future Mobility - The Case Study of ARTC WinBus." In 34th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2021). Institute of Navigation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2021.18120.

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Sajjadi-Kia, Solmaz, and Faryar Jabbari. "Modified Anti-windup compensators for stable plants: Dynamic Anti-windup case." In 2009 Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) and 28th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2009.5400894.

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Reports on the topic "Winbug"

1

Guthrie, Jr., George Drake. Powerwall for Winberg. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1467316.

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Groves, Kevin P., Andrea Serrani, Stephen Yurkovich, Michael A. Bolender, and David B. Doman. Anti-Windup Control for an Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicle Model. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada444973.

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Teo, Justin, and Jonathan P. How. Gradient Projection Anti-windup Scheme on Constrained Planar LTI Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada523139.

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Naccarato, Vincent, Joong Y. Lee, Meng H. Wu, Ittai B. Ilan, James Efird, Benjamin Elzner, Darrell Morgan, Kayla Tawoda, Evan Wolfe, and Wei J. Goh. The Distributed Air Wing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608064.

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Carrico, Melanie. Bat-wing Denim Dress. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8777.

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Bodonyl, Richard J. Wing-Body Juncture Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada281526.

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Graham, Sean, and Patrick Bigatel. Freight Wing Trailer Aerodynamics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850252.

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Yilmaz, Ihsan, and Raja M. Ali Saleem. Military and Populism: A Global Tour with a Special Emphasis on the Case of Pakistan. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/pp0010.

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Although populism has become a focus of research in the last decade, there hasn’t been much academic work on how militaries around the world have reacted/acted to the rise of populist leaders. There is some timeworn research on the relationship of militaries in Latin America with various left-wing populist governments and leaders from the 1930s to 1970s. Given that populism was largely understood in the context of left-wing politics, with the rise of right-wing populism, the literature on the military and populism needs to be advanced by studying the relationship between right-wing populism and the military. This article aims to address this gap by looking at the right-wing populism case study of Pakistan, where the military has actively participated in the rise of a religious populist leader. To situate the case study within the larger literature of the military and populism, the dynamics and history of military associations with populism and populist leaders are revisited in the article’s first part.
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ITT SYSTEMS ROME NY. Rotary Wing Aircraft Crash Resistance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396019.

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Blair, Maxwell, Jason Robinson, William A. McClelland, and Jason C. Bowman. A Joined-Wing Flight Experiment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada482613.

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