Journal articles: 'William Hagen'

1

Chu, Winson. "Anti-Jewish Violence in Poland, 1914–1920 William Hagen." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 34, no. 1 (2020): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hgs/dcaa009.

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2

Kopstein, Jeffrey. "William W. Hagen. Anti-Jewish Violence in Poland, 1914–1920." American Historical Review 125, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 1104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz896.

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3

Marschke, Benjamin. "Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840 by William Hagen." Comitatus: A Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 35, no. 1 (2004): 224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cjm.2004.0004.

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4

Classen, Albrecht. "The Nibelungenlied with the Klage, ed. and trans. with an intro. by William Whobrey. Indianapolis, IN, and Cambridge: Hackett, 2018, xxv, 282 pp." Mediaevistik 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med012018_417.

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One of the indicators for the global importance of the anonymous Nibelungenlied certainly proves to be the great interest to develop new translations into modern languages, here English. William Whobrey, who used to teach at Yale University, endeavors to render this major epic poem, along with the sequel, the Klage, once again into an updated English version. He is fully aware of the many previous efforts and acknowledges them, but he insists that his translation deserves particular attention especially for three reasons. First, he worked hard to offer a maximum level of clarity particularly for the modern student reader, without moving too far away from the original Middle High German. Overall, Whobrey has achieved that goal, as numerous spot checks have confirmed. One can always quibble somewhat, so when he renders, for instance, “der Nibelungen nôt” in the very last line as “the downfall of the Nibelungen” (199). Moreover, there are many small issues that make me wonder, so when in stanza 208 it clearly says that “the warrior Hagen spoke,” which here is rendered as “commanded Hagen” (168). Hagen emphasizes that he and his companions (pl.) will keep watch, which Whobrey makes into the singular “My companion and I.” This could make sense, but it should have been annotated.

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5

Kämpf, Tobias. "Leitbild Lebensreform. Harry Graf Kessler und Karl Ernst Osthaus als Museumsgründer." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 83, no. 1 (March 24, 2020): 49–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2020-1003.

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AbstractAt the beginning of the twentieth century, Germany moved to the institutional forefront of the art world. Through the creation of two museums, in Hagen and in Weimar, dedicated to contemporary avant-gardes in art, architecture, and design, the recently united nation propagated its claim for international leadership in the cultural sphere. Both establishments were the result of private initiatives of collectors who possessed great literary talent and artistic distinction and who were strongly opposed to the aesthetic ideals of the main arbiter of German taste, Emperor William II. This essay is the first comparative study of the museums in Hagen and Weimar, whose founders disagreed with developments in Darmstadt but were inspired by those in Hamburg and, to a lesser degree, in Krefeld. Analyzing their intellectual origins and historic development, the essay provides a comprehensive chronology as well as an articulate topography of early-twentieth-century German art institutions promoting cultural innovation.

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6

Barclay, David E. "Reviews of Books:Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500-1840 William W. Hagen." American Historical Review 109, no. 5 (December 2004): 1663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/531084.

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7

GARRISON, ROSSER W., and NATALIA VON ELLENRIEDER. "Damselflies of the genus Argia Rambur, 1842 (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) from Mexico, Central America and the Lesser Antilles with descriptions of five new species." Zootaxa 5201, no. 1 (November 3, 2022): 1–439. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5201.1.1.

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A total of 73 species of Argia Rambur, 1842 are reported as present from Mexico, Central America and the Lesser Antilles, of which five are new to science and are described here: Argia annae n. sp. (holotype ♂: MEXICO, Veracruz, Puente Texolo, roadside seepages near bridge, 19.4028°N, 96.9867°W, 1065 m, 17 June 2009, Rosser W. Garrison & Natalia von Ellenrieder leg., in CSCA), Argia gonzalezi n. sp. (holotype ♂: MEXICO, Chiapas, 3.5 mi east of Rayón, stream, approximately 17.2058°N, 92.9700°W, 1676 m, 16 July 1965, Dennis R. Paulson leg., in CNIN), A. noveloi n. sp. (holotype ♂: MEXICO, Veracruz, Puente Texolo, 19.4028°N, 96.9867°W, 1065 m, 26 August 1988, Rosser W. Garrison leg., in INECOL), A. paludicola n. sp. (holotype ♂: U. S. A., Arizona, Apache County, Bog Tank, north of Highway 260, 34.0467°N, 109.683°W, 1400 m, 1 July 2016, Pierre Deviche leg., in CSCA) and A. paulsoni n. sp. (holotype ♂: COSTA RICA, San José, 7.5 km northeast of Londres, on road to Rancho Tinamú Lodge, 9.4856°N, 83.9911°W, 700 m, 5 July 2019, William A. Haber leg., in UNH). Redescriptions of male and female are provided for the following species: Argia calida (Hagen, 1861), A. chelata Calvert, 1902, A. deami Calvert, 1902, A. fulgida Navás, 1934, A. herberti Calvert, 1902, A. johannella Calvert, 1907, A. mayi González-Soriano, 2012, A. percellulata Calvert, 1902, A. pocomana Calvert, 1907, A. rogersi Calvert, 1902, A. talamanca Calvert, 1907, A. terira Calvert, 1907, A. underwoodi Calvert, 1907, and A. variabilis Selys, 1865. All 73 species are measured, illustrated, and distinguished from their congeners. The following synonymies are suggested based on examination of type material: A. wilsoni Calvert, 1902, a junior synonym of A. calida (Hagen, 1861), A. plana Calvert, 1902, a junior synonym of A. funebris (Hagen, 1861), and A. trifoliata Fraser, 1942 (Fig. 736), a junior synonym of A. variegata Förster, 1914. Lectotypes are designated for Agrion calidum Hagen, 1861, Agrion funebris Hagen, 1861, and Argia variabilis Selys, 1865. Keys to the 73 known Argia species from Mexico, Middle America and the Lesser Antilles are provided as well as distribution maps based on an examination of over 16,000 specimens.

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8

Whaley, Joachim. "Book Review: William W. Hagen: German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation." Journal of European Studies 44, no. 2 (May 19, 2014): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047244114529889h.

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9

Weeks, Theodore. "William W. Hagen, Anti-Jewish Violence in Poland, 1914–1920. New York, Cambridge University Press 2018." Historische Zeitschrift 308, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 531–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hzhz-2019-1153.

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10

(Ben) Tipton, Frank B. "German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation by William W. Hagen (review)." German Studies Review 36, no. 2 (2013): 410–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gsr.2013.0057.

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11

Villanueva, Daniel C. "German History in Modern Times. Four Lives of the Nation by William W. Hagen (review)." Rocky Mountain Review 67, no. 1 (2013): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rmr.2013.0009.

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12

GARRISON, ROSSER W., and NATALIA VON ELLENRIEDER. "Damselflies of the genus Argia (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) from Ecuador with descriptions of five new species." Zootaxa 4470, no. 1 (September 3, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4470.1.1.

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Treinta y una especies de Argia son registradas de Ecuador, de las cuales dos, A. huanacina Förster y A. jocosa Hagen, constituyen nuevos registros para el país, y cinco son nuevas para la ciencia y son descriptas aquí: Argia acridens n. sp. (Holotipo ♂: ECUADOR, Prov. Manabí, 79 km al oeste de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 0°20' S, 79°46' O, 260 m, 7 Mayo 1975, Paul J. Spangler et al. leg., en USNM), Argia cuspidata n. sp. (Holotipo ♂: ECUADOR, Prov. Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas: 19 km al este de Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 0°18'49'' S, 79°1'44'' O, 740 m, 7 Mayo 1975, A. Langley & J. Cohen leg., en USNM), A. philipi n. sp. (Holotipo ♂: BOLIVIA, Dept. Cochabamba, Prov. Chapare: arroyo 5 km al sur de Villa Tunari, mediodía, 16°59'49" S, 65°24'28" O, 350 m, 4 Noviembre 2001, Jerrell J. Daigle leg., en FSCA), Argia selysi n. sp. (Holotipo ♂: ECUADOR, Prov. Napo: Jatun Yacu, Cuenca del Río Napo, 1°1' S, 77°50' O, 700 m, 18 Abril 1935, William Clarke-Macintyre leg., en UMMZ) y A. tennesseni n. sp. (Holotipo ♂: ECUADOR, Prov. Orellana: arroyo 8.5 km al este de Loreto, 0°37' 6" S, 77°17' 42" O, 360 m, 14 Septiembre 1997, Kenneth J. Tennessen leg., en FSCA). Las nuevas especies son ilustradas y diagnosticadas de sus congéneres, y sus áreas de distribución conocidas son mapeadas. Para ayudar en su identificación, se proveen también ilustraciones y /o mapas de distribución de especies relacionadas, incluyendo a: A. adamsi Calvert, A. difficilis Selys, A. dives Förster, A. huanacina Förster, A. fulgida Navás, A. infrequentula Fraser, A. jocosa Hagen en Selys, A. joergenseni Ris, A. limitata Navás, A. medullaris Selys, A. orichalcea Hagen en Selys y A. ulmeca Calvert. Argia columbiana Navás y A. rectangula Navás son tratadas como sinónimos junior subjetivos de Argia medullaris Selys. Se proporciona una clave para las ocho especies conocidas metálicas rojas de Argia de América del Sur.

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13

Fahrmeir, Andreas. "William W. Hagen, German History in Modern Times. Four Lives of the Nation. Cambridge/New York/Melbourne, Cambridge University Press 2012 Hagen William W. German History in Modern Times. Four Lives of the Nation. 2012 Cambridge University Press Cambridge/New York/Melbourne £ 19,99." Historische Zeitschrift 296, no. 2 (April 2013): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/hzhz.2013.0110.

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14

McNeely, Ian F. "Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840. By William W. Hagen (New York, Cambridge University Press, 2002) 679 pp. $100.00." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 35, no. 1 (July 2004): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002219504323091405.

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15

Melton, E. "Ordinary Prussians. Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500-1840. By William W. Hagen (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2002. xi plus 679 pp.)." Journal of Social History 38, no. 3 (March 1, 2005): 816–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh.2005.0015.

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16

Wegert, Karl. "Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500-1840, by William W. HagenOrdinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500-1840, by William W. Hagen. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002. xiii, 679 pp. $100.00 US (cloth)." Canadian Journal of History 39, no. 1 (April 2004): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.39.1.114.

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17

Sperber, J. "German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation. By William Hagen (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. xvii plus 463 pp. $28.99)." Journal of Social History 47, no. 4 (March 18, 2014): 1125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shu017.

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18

Friedeburg, Robert V. "Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840. By William W. Hagen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2002. Pp. xxxiii + 679. $100.00. ISBN 0–521–81558–4." Central European History 37, no. 2 (June 2004): 291–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156916104323121492.

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19

Böhler, Jochen. "Anti-Jewish Violence in Poland, 1914–1920. By William W. Hagen. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018. Pp. xxvii + 541. Paper £24.99. ISBN 978-0521738187." Central European History 54, no. 1 (March 2021): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938921000121.

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20

Gross, Irena Grudzińska. "Anti-Jewish Violence in Poland, 1914–1920. By William W. Hagen. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2018. xxviii, 541 pp. Bibliography. Index. Illustrations. Photographs. Maps. $99.99 hard bound." Slavic Review 78, no. 2 (2019): 553–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2019.128.

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21

Seidl, Fabian, Lauren Hagen, Jacob Wilson, Boris Aguilar, Deena Bleich, Lauren Wolfe, Poojitha Gundluru, et al. "Abstract 3547: The ISB Cancer Gateway in the Cloud (ISB-CGC): Access, explore and analyze large-scale cancer data through the Google Cloud." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 3547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-3547.

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Abstract Rapid growth of cancer data in recent decades has made data discovery and wrangling difficult for the average cancer research lab. Our mission at the ISB Cancer Gateway in the Cloud (ISB-CGC), part of the NCI’s Cancer Research Data Commons ecosystem, is to democratize access to large cancer datasets. Funded by the NCI, we have performed ETL processes on data from GDC and PDC projects such as TCGA, TARGET, and CPTAC. We generated hundreds of BigQuery tables containing data such as mutations, gene expression, and protein abundance, which enable data analysis in the cloud via SQL. BigQuery analyses are inexpensive and rapid even when scaled to petabyte sized inputs, for example we ran 6.6 billion correlations in 2.5 hours with a total cost of about one dollar. These data can also be accessed affordably from Google Cloud VMs where researchers can develop analysis pipelines in Python, R, and workflow languages such as CWL. We present two recent collaborations: In one BigQuery was used to develop machine learning algorithms that calculated genetic risk scores from TCGA glioblastoma and ovarian cancer copy number variation. In another example researchers combined SQL queries of our BQ tables with data from the ISPY2 Trial initiative and generated an R shiny app that can dynamically create data visualizations for genes of interest in different TCGA cohorts. Citation Format: Fabian Seidl, Lauren Hagen, Jacob Wilson, Boris Aguilar, Deena Bleich, Lauren Wolfe, Poojitha Gundluru, Prema Venkatesan, Mi Tian, Suzanne Paquette, Elaine Lee, Danna Huffman, David Pot, William Longabaugh. The ISB Cancer Gateway in the Cloud (ISB-CGC): Access, explore and analyze large-scale cancer data through the Google Cloud [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3547.

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22

Gavilánez-Luna, Freddy. "Incidencia de la presión sobre el coeficiente de rugosidad C de Hazen-Williams." Tecnología y ciencias del agua 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-2019-05-08.

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23

Luebke, David M. "Ordinary Prussians: Brandenburg Junkers and Villagers, 1500–1840. By William W. Hagen. New Studies in European History. Edited by, Peter Baldwin et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Pp. xxxi+679. $100.00." Journal of Modern History 77, no. 1 (March 2005): 216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/429461.

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24

Moss, Hilary J. "Education's Inequity: Opposition to Black Higher Education in Antebellum Connecticut." History of Education Quarterly 46, no. 1 (2006): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2006.tb00168.x.

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New Haven, thou hast rashly done a deed,Which shrouds thy glory in a black eclipse;Whereof in view the hearts of good men bleed,The friend, yet, strange to tell, the foe of light!Preceptor of the age, yet dost denyTo Brethren—countrymen—the common rightTheir empty minds with knowledge to supply!Encourager of learning-science-artsYet hostile to a race who fain would learn!When from the dust a sable brother starts,Suffering thy cheeks with angry fire to burn!Would I might give the honors of Old Yale,To blot from history's page this most disgraceful tale.—William Lloyd Garrison, October 8, 1831.In the late 1820s, African Americans’ access to primary and religious instruction expanded significantly throughout the urban Northeast, yet barriers to their higher education remained firm. Segregated in public “African” schools, blacks were also barred from most private academies. Collegiate education similarly remained out of reach. In response, an alliance of black and white abolitionists launched a campaign to build a separate “African” college in 1831. Two ministers, one black, Peter Williams from New York, the other white, Simeon Jocelyn from New Haven, led the endeavor. After much consideration, they selected New Haven, Connecticut to house the new institution, believing that in “no place in the Union” is the “situation [of blacks] more comfortable, or the prejudices of a community weaker against them.” On September 5, 1831, Williams and Jocelyn announced their intentions. Their timing could not have been worse.

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25

Holc, Janine P. "Working through Jan Gross'sNeighbors." Slavic Review 61, no. 3 (2002): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090294.

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In this forum onNeighborsby Jan T. Gross (Princeton, 2001), four scholars respond to the book and to the issues of evidence, causality, and interpretation that it raises. Janine P. Holc summarizes the contents and the book's approach and explores the roles of individual choice, on the one hand, and ethnic identity categories, on the other, in Gross's presentation of the causes of the massacre of the Jewish residents of Jedwabne by their non-Jewish neighbors. She argues for an approach to readingNeighborsthat links the emotive mode in which some of the narrative is expressed to a productive engagement with traumatic or violent historical episodes. This type of history resists finality and closure and creates an avenue for active engagement by members of ethnic (or other) communities with violent and traumatic pasts. Wojciech Roszkowski discusses three aspects of the debate onNeighborsin Poland: the credibility of the book, the facts of 10 July 1941 and their moral meaning, and the representativeness of the Jedwabne case and the question of “innocence” or “guilt” of nations. While arguing that the credibility ofNeighborsis low and that Gross's thesis that “one half of the Jedwabne inhabitants killed the other half” has not been proven, he writes that it is impossible to deny Polish participation in the massacre. Yet, as with other documented cases of Polish wartime evildoing, it is unfair to blow this incident out of proportion and produce unwarranted generalizations. Past and present realities are always more complicated than simple stereotypes that “Poles” or “Jews” are to blame or that they have always been innocent. William W. Hagen argues that Gross vacillates between a robust positivism promising that “a reconstruction” of “what actually took place” is possible, such that guilt and motive may confidently be assigned, and an interpretive pessimism suggesting that “we will never 'understand' why it happened.” In his assignment of causality, Gross offers a largely unconnected, in part inferential or speculative, array of determinants and motives. Although some ofthecauses Gross adduces are certainly persuasive, his analysis does not address the Jedwabne perpetrators' and witnesses' perception of the cultural meaning of the inhuman violence their Jewish neighbors were suffering. Hagen offers some suggestive historical evidence on the Poles' subjective response to the Jewish genocide and to their own wartime fate, arguing that the Jedwabne Poles' participation in the mass murder of the Jews must be conceived as a response, mediated by the penetration of ideological anti-Semitism into the countryside, to profound anxiety over the individual and social death menacing Polish identity under Soviet and Nazi occupation. Norman M. Naimark argues that the appearance of Gross'sNeighborshas created an entirely new dimension to the historiography of World War II in Poland. The book demonstrated, as has no other work, the extent to which the Poles were directly involved in the genocide of the Jews. The clarity and force of Gross's presentation provides Polish historiography with an unprecedented opportunity “to come to terms with the past.” The essay also suggests that the Jedwabne massacre needs to be looked at in the context of overall German policy “in the east” and in comparison to similar horrors taking place roughly at the same time in Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, and Latvia. The Nazis intentionally (and surreptitiously) sought to incite pogroms in the region, filming and photographing the horrific events for audiences back home. Their own propaganda about the “Jewish-Bolshevik” menace both prompted and was ostensibly confirmed by the pogroms. In his response, Jan T. Gross replies to Roszkowski's criticism concerning historical credibility.

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Roszkowski, Wojciech. "After Neighbors: Seeking Universal Standards." Slavic Review 61, no. 3 (2002): 460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090295.

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In this forum on Neighbors by Jan T. Gross (Princeton, 2001), four scholars respond to the book and to the issues of evidence, causality, and interpretation that it raises. Janine P. Holc summarizes the contents and the book's approach and explores the roles of individual choice, on the one hand, and ethnic identity categories, on the other, in Gross's presentation of the causes of the massacre of the Jewish residents of Jedwabne by their non-Jewish neighbors. She argues for an approach to reading Neighbors that links the emotive mode in which some of the narrative is expressed to a productive engagement with traumatic or violent historical episodes. This type of history resists finality and closure and creates an avenue for active engagement by members of ethnic (or other) communities with violent and traumatic pasts. Wojciech Roszkowski discusses three aspects of the debate on Neighbors in Poland: the credibility of the book, the facts of 10 July 1941 and their moral meaning, and the representativeness of the Jedwabne case and the question of “innocence” or “guilt” of nations. While arguing that the credibility of Neighbors is low and that Gross's thesis that “one half of the Jedwabne inhabitants killed the other half” has not been proven, he writes that it is impossible to deny Polish participation in the massacre. Yet, as with other documented cases of Polish wartime evildoing, it is unfair to blow this incident out of proportion and produce unwarranted generalizations. Past and present realities are always more complicated than simple stereotypes that “Poles” or “Jews” are to blame or that they have always been innocent. William W. Hagen argues that Gross vacillates between a robust positivism promising that “a reconstruction” of “what actually took place” is possible, such that guilt and motive may confidently be assigned, and an interpretive pessimism suggesting that “we will never 'understand' why it happened.” In his assignment of causality, Gross offers a largely unconnected, in part inferential or speculative, array of determinants and motives. Although some of the causes Gross adduces are certainly persuasive, his analysis does not address the Jedwabne perpetrators' and witnesses' perception of the cultural meaning of the inhuman violence their Jewish neighbors were suffering. Hagen offers some suggestive historical evidence on the Poles' subjective response to the Jewish genocide and to their own wartime fate, arguing that the Jedwabne Poles' participation in the mass murder of the Jews must be conceived as a response, mediated by the penetration of ideological anti-Semitism into the countryside, to profound anxiety over the individual and social death menacing Polish identity under Soviet and Nazi occupation. Norman M. Naimark argues that the appearance of Gross's Neighbors has created an entirely new dimension to the historiography of World War II in Poland. The book demonstrated, as has no other work, the extent to which the Poles were directly involved in the genocide of the Jews. The clarity and force of Gross's presentation provides Polish historiography with an unprecedented opportunity “to come to terms with the past.” The essay also suggests that the Jedwabne massacre needs to be looked at in the context of overall German policy “in the east” and in comparison to similar horrors taking place roughly at the same time in Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, and Latvia. The Nazis intentionally (and surreptitiously) sought to incite pogroms in the region, filming and photographing the horrific events for audiences back home. Their own propaganda about the “Jewish-Bolshevik” menace both prompted and was ostensibly confirmed by the pogroms. In his response, Jan T. Gross replies to Roszkowski's criticism concerning historical credibility.

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27

Hagen, William W. "A “Potent, Devilish Mixture” of Motives: Explanatory Strategy and Assignment of Meaning in Jan Gross'sNeighbors." Slavic Review 61, no. 3 (2002): 466–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090296.

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In this forum onNeighborsby Jan T. Gross (Princeton, 2001), four scholars respond to the book and to the issues of evidence, causality, and interpretation that it raises. Janine P. Holc summarizes the contents and the book's approach and explores the roles of individual choice, on the one hand, and ethnic identity categories, on the other, in Gross's presentation of the causes of the massacre of the Jewish residents of Jedwabne by their non-Jewish neighbors. She argues for an approach to readingNeighborsthat links the emotive mode in which some of the narrative is expressed to a productive engagement with traumatic or violent historical episodes. This type of history resists finality and closure and creates an avenue for active engagement by members of ethnic (or other) communities with violent and traumatic pasts. Wojciech Roszkowski discusses three aspects of the debate onNeighborsin Poland: the credibility of the book, the facts of 10 July 1941 and their moral meaning, and the representativeness of the Jedwabne case and the question of “innocence” or “guilt” of nations. While arguing that the credibility ofNeighborsis low and that Gross's thesis that “one half of the Jedwabne inhabitants killed the other half” has not been proven, he writes that it is impossible to deny Polish participation in the massacre. Yet, as with other documented cases of Polish wartime evildoing, it is unfair to blow this incident out of proportion and produce unwarranted generalizations. Past and present realities are always more complicated than simple stereotypes that “Poles” or “Jews” are to blame or that they have always been innocent. William W. Hagen argues that Gross vacillates between a robust positivism promising that “a reconstruction” of “what actually took place” is possible, such that guilt and motive may confidently be assigned, and an interpretive pessimism suggesting that “we will never 'understand' why it happened.” In his assignment of causality, Gross offers a largely unconnected, in part inferential or speculative, array of determinants and motives. Although some ofthecauses Gross adduces are certainly persuasive, his analysis does not address the Jedwabne perpetrators' and witnesses' perception of the cultural meaning of the inhuman violence their Jewish neighbors were suffering. Hagen offers some suggestive historical evidence on the Poles' subjective response to the Jewish genocide and to their own wartime fate, arguing that the Jedwabne Poles' participation in the mass murder of the Jews must be conceived as a response, mediated by the penetration of ideological anti-Semitism into the countryside, to profound anxiety over the individual and social death menacing Polish identity under Soviet and Nazi occupation. Norman M. Naimark argues that the appearance of Gross'sNeighborshas created an entirely new dimension to the historiography of World War II in Poland. The book demonstrated, as has no other work, the extent to which the Poles were directly involved in the genocide of the Jews. The clarity and force of Gross's presentation provides Polish historiography with an unprecedented opportunity “to come to terms with the past.” The essay also suggests that the Jedwabne massacre needs to be looked at in the context of overall German policy “in the east” and in comparison to similar horrors taking place roughly at the same time in Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, and Latvia. The Nazis intentionally (and surreptitiously) sought to incite pogroms in the region, filming and photographing the horrific events for audiences back home. Their own propaganda about the “Jewish-Bolshevik” menace both prompted and was ostensibly confirmed by the pogroms. In his response, Jan T. Gross replies to Roszkowski's criticism concerning historical credibility.

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Naimark, Norman M. "The Nazis and “The East”: Jedwabne's Circle of Hell." Slavic Review 61, no. 3 (2002): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090297.

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In this forum onNeighborsby Jan T. Gross (Princeton, 2001), four scholars respond to the book and to the issues of evidence, causality, and interpretation that it raises. Janine P. Holc summarizes the contents and the book's approach and explores the roles of individual choice, on the one hand, and ethnic identity categories, on the other, in Gross's presentation of the causes of the massacre of the Jewish residents of Jedwabne by their non-Jewish neighbors. She argues for an approach to readingNeighborsthat links the emotive mode in which some of the narrative is expressed to a productive engagement with traumatic or violent historical episodes. This type of history resists finality and closure and creates an avenue for active engagement by members of ethnic (or other) communities with violent and traumatic pasts. Wojciech Roszkowski discusses three aspects of the debate onNeighborsin Poland: the credibility of the book, the facts of 10 July 1941 and their moral meaning, and the representativeness of the Jedwabne case and the question of “innocence” or “guilt” of nations. While arguing that the credibility ofNeighborsis low and that Gross's thesis that “one half of the Jedwabne inhabitants killed the other half” has not been proven, he writes that it is impossible to deny Polish participation in the massacre. Yet, as with other documented cases of Polish wartime evildoing, it is unfair to blow this incident out of proportion and produce unwarranted generalizations. Past and present realities are always more complicated than simple stereotypes that “Poles” or “Jews” are to blame or that they have always been innocent. William W. Hagen argues that Gross vacillates between a robust positivism promising that “a reconstruction” of “what actually took place” is possible, such that guilt and motive may confidently be assigned, and an interpretive pessimism suggesting that “we will never 'understand' why it happened.” In his assignment of causality, Gross offers a largely unconnected, in part inferential or speculative, array of determinants and motives. Although some ofthecauses Gross adduces are certainly persuasive, his analysis does not address the Jedwabne perpetrators' and witnesses' perception of the cultural meaning of the inhuman violence their Jewish neighbors were suffering. Hagen offers some suggestive historical evidence on the Poles' subjective response to the Jewish genocide and to their own wartime fate, arguing that the Jedwabne Poles' participation in the mass murder of the Jews must be conceived as a response, mediated by the penetration of ideological anti-Semitism into the countryside, to profound anxiety over the individual and social death menacing Polish identity under Soviet and Nazi occupation. Norman M. Naimark argues that the appearance of Gross'sNeighborshas created an entirely new dimension to the historiography of World War II in Poland. The book demonstrated, as has no other work, the extent to which the Poles were directly involved in the genocide of the Jews. The clarity and force of Gross's presentation provides Polish historiography with an unprecedented opportunity “to come to terms with the past.” The essay also suggests that the Jedwabne massacre needs to be looked at in the context of overall German policy “in the east” and in comparison to similar horrors taking place roughly at the same time in Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, and Latvia. The Nazis intentionally (and surreptitiously) sought to incite pogroms in the region, filming and photographing the horrific events for audiences back home. Their own propaganda about the “Jewish-Bolshevik” menace both prompted and was ostensibly confirmed by the pogroms. In his response, Jan T. Gross replies to Roszkowski's criticism concerning historical credibility.

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Gross, Jan T. "A Response." Slavic Review 61, no. 3 (2002): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090298.

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In this forum on Neighbors by Jan T. Gross (Princeton, 2001), four scholars respond to the book and to the issues of evidence, causality, and interpretation that it raises. Janine P. Holc summarizes the contents and the book's approach and explores the roles of individual choice, on the one hand, and ethnic identity categories, on the other, in Gross's presentation of the causes of the massacre of the Jewish residents of Jedwabne by their non-Jewish neighbors. She argues for an approach to reading Neighbors that links the emotive mode in which some of the narrative is expressed to a productive engagement with traumatic or violent historical episodes. This type of history resists finality and closure and creates an avenue for active engagement by members of ethnic (or other) communities with violent and traumatic pasts. Wojciech Roszkowski discusses three aspects of the debate on Neighbors in Poland: the credibility of the book, the facts of 10 July 1941 and their moral meaning, and the representativeness of the Jedwabne case and the question of “innocence” or “guilt” of nations. While arguing that the credibility of Neighbors is low and that Gross's thesis that “one half of the Jedwabne inhabitants killed the other half” has not been proven, he writes that it is impossible to deny Polish participation in the massacre. Yet, as with other documented cases of Polish wartime evildoing, it is unfair to blow this incident out of proportion and produce unwarranted generalizations. Past and present realities are always more complicated than simple stereotypes that “Poles” or “Jews” are to blame or that they have always been innocent. William W. Hagen argues that Gross vacillates between a robust positivism promising that “a reconstruction” of “what actually took place” is possible, such that guilt and motive may confidently be assigned, and an interpretive pessimism suggesting that “we will never 'understand' why it happened.” In his assignment of causality, Gross offers a largely unconnected, in part inferential or speculative, array of determinants and motives. Although some of the causes Gross adduces are certainly persuasive, his analysis does not address the Jedwabne perpetrators' and witnesses' perception of the cultural meaning of the inhuman violence their Jewish neighbors were suffering. Hagen offers some suggestive historical evidence on the Poles' subjective response to the Jewish genocide and to their own wartime fate, arguing that the Jedwabne Poles' participation in the mass murder of the Jews must be conceived as a response, mediated by the penetration of ideological anti-Semitism into the countryside, to profound anxiety over the individual and social death menacing Polish identity under Soviet and Nazi occupation. Norman M. Naimark argues that the appearance of Gross's Neighbors has created an entirely new dimension to the historiography of World War II in Poland. The book demonstrated, as has no other work, the extent to which the Poles were directly involved in the genocide of the Jews. The clarity and force of Gross's presentation provides Polish historiography with an unprecedented opportunity “to come to terms with the past.” The essay also suggests that the Jedwabne massacre needs to be looked at in the context of overall German policy “in the east” and in comparison to similar horrors taking place roughly at the same time in Lithuania, Ukraine, Belarus, and Latvia. The Nazis intentionally (and surreptitiously) sought to incite pogroms in the region, filming and photographing the horrific events for audiences back home. Their own propaganda about the “Jewish-Bolshevik” menace both prompted and was ostensibly confirmed by the pogroms. In his response, Jan T. Gross replies to Roszkowski's criticism concerning historical credibility.

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Baranowski, Shelley. "German History in Modern Times: Four Lives of the Nation. By William W. Hagen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2012. Pp. xv + 463. Cloth $99.00. ISBN 978-0521191906. Paper $28.99. ISBN 978-0-521-17521-0." Central European History 46, no. 1 (March 2013): 165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938913000320.

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Fins, Joseph J. "In a Survivor's Voice." Hastings Center Report 29, no. 2 (March 4, 1999): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1552-146x.1999.tb00056.x.

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Abdulameer, Layth Saeed, Nazira Dzhumagulova, Hayder Algretawee, Larisa Zhuravleva, and Musa Habib Alshammari. "Comparison between Hazen-Williams and Darcy-Weisbach equations to calculate head loss through conveyancing treated wastewater in Kerbala city, Iraq." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 1 (115) (January 24, 2022): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.251385.

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Reuse of wastewater has been widespread in this era to support the water sustainability process. Therefore, treated wastewater should be conveyed to suitable places and adopted for different uses. This study presents an empirical relationship between the Darcy-Weisbach and Hazen-Williams equations for four types of pipe material (ductile iron, GRP, concrete, and plastic) by using WaterCAD Version 8i. Two hydraulic models were developed to estimate the head loss in pipes by using different diameters: first, using pipe diameters from 800 mm to 1,200 mm for a flow rate of 1.16 m3/s, second, adopting pipe diameter from 1,600 mm to 2,000 mm for a flow rate of 4.63 m3/s. The study results are the head loss values obtained from the Darcy-Weisbach and Hazen-Williams equations, which were used to correlate them using IBM SPSS Statistics. The correlation coefficient between both equations turned out to be 0.991, 0.990, 0.990, and 0.990 for ductile iron, GRP, concrete, and plastic pipe materials. Additionally, the relationship between head loss and pipe diameter is negatively proportioned for both equations. Also, both head loss equation results are the same. The head loss values in the Darcy’s equation were higher for ductile iron and GRP materials, while being lower for concrete and plastic materials for both models. Selecting concrete or plastic pipes to convey treated wastewater is better than other pipe materials. Another conclusion is that the pipe diameter affects the head loss magnitude irrespective of the kind of equation whether Darcy-Weisbach or Hazen-William equation. Finally, this relationship is very useful for designers in converting the head loss values obtained using these equations.

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BLAKE, JAMES A., JAMES T. CARLTON, and JERRY D. KUDENOV. "Obituary: William John Haugen Light (1938–2020)." Zoosymposia 19, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.19.1.6.

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William John Haugen (Bill) Light (Fig. 1) was born on 05 January 1938 in Waco, McLennan County, Texas USA, and died on 18 January 2020 in Marietta, Georgia, at the age of 82. He was buried in the Georgia National Cemetery, Canton, GA. As an infant, he was adopted by Col. Orin Haugen and his wife Marion Sargent. Colonel Haugen died in February 1945 at the battle for Manilla in the Philippines in World War II. Later, upon Marion’s remarriage, Bill’s surname was changed to Light. Bill’s mother Marion passed away in 1969.

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Martaus, Alaine. "The Haven by Carol Lynch Williams." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 67, no. 6 (2014): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2014.0110.

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Jaćimović, Nikola, Mirjana Stamenić, Petar Kolendić, Dimitrije Đorđević, Branka Radanov, and Ljubiša Vladić. "A novel method for the inclusion of pipe roughness in the Hazen-Williams equation." FME Transaction 43, no. 1 (2015): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fmet1501035j.

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Wilansky, Daniel P. "Recent Developments in Health Law: Civil Rights: Prisoners’ Right to Treatment Information under Pabon v. Wright." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 34, no. 4 (2006): 831–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00106.x.

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In Pabon v. Wright, the Second Circuit held that the Fourteenth Amendment right to refuse medical treatment contained a corollary right to the information necessary to make an informed decision. Plaintiff, William Pabon, was an inmate at Green Haven Correctional Facility in New York (Green Haven). He named two groups of defendants: his doctors and nurses at Green Haven and his doctors at Dutchess Gastroenterologists, P.C. (Dutchess).In October 1996, a laboratory test indicated that Plaintiff may have contracted Hepatitis C. The Green Haven doctors referred Plaintiff to Dutchess for additional testing, where additional tests confirmed that Plaintiff had Hepatitis C. In July 1997, Plaintiff returned to Dutchess for additional evaluation, and the physicians told him that he must undergo a liver biopsy in order to receive treatment for his condition.

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Moghazi, Hosam El-Din M. "Estimating Hazen-Williams Coefficient for Polyethylene Pipes." Journal of Transportation Engineering 124, no. 2 (March 1998): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(1998)124:2(197).

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Edmunds, R. David, Joseph C. Porter, and Robert A. Trennert. "Western History Association Prize Recipient, 1989: William T. Hagan." Western Historical Quarterly 21, no. 2 (May 1990): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/969838.

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Travis, Quentin B., and Larry W. Mays. "Relationship between Hazen–William and Colebrook–White Roughness Values." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 133, no. 11 (November 2007): 1270–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2007)133:11(1270).

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Steinke, Hubert. "William Harvey revisited." Therapeutische Umschau 72, no. 7 (July 2015): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0040-5930/a000695.

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Zusammenfassung. William Harveys Entdeckung des Blutkreislaufs wird oft als ein Produkt der Scientific Revolution des 17. Jahrhunderts dargestellt. Die neueren Forschungen haben aber gezeigt, dass Harvey in der aristotelischen Forschungstradition stand und sich bemühte, durch die Untersuchung unterschiedlicher Tiere die grundlegenden Aufgaben der Organe herauszufinden. Seine Schrift von 1628 ist als ein naturphilosophisches Argument, genauer als eine Serie miteinander verknüpfter Beobachtungen, Experimente und Überlegungen zu lesen, aus denen als einzige logische Konsequenz die Existenz des Blutkreislaufs abzuleiten ist. Harvey wollte damit weder den Wert des Experiments über denjenigen der philosophischen Begründung stellen noch ein neues System der Medizin errichten. Überzeugt von der Lebendigkeit des Herzens und des Blutes, lehnte er den Empirismus von Francis Bacon und den mechanistischen Rationalismus von Descartes ab. Harveys Beitrag und Originalität lag weniger in seinen einzelnen Beobachtungen und Experimenten als in der Art, wie er diese mit kritischen Überlegungen verknüpfte, die sich daraus ergebende radikale Erkenntnis akzeptierte, präsentierte und gegen Widerstände verteidigte.

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MacDonald, Andrew. "The Substance of Doctrine: New England Calvinism and the Problem of Orthodoxy." New England Quarterly 91, no. 3 (August 2018): 418–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00685.

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This essay examines how underlying differing theologies of authority informed mid nineteenth-century Calvinist polemics and ultimately the fragmentation of the New Divinity in New England. Focusing on the polemical career of Nathaniel William Taylor, these differences were evident in earlier Unitarian controversies yet emerged as Taylor and his New Haven allies incrementally departed from historic confessional language.

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TYBJERG, KARIN. "J. LENNART BERGGREN and ALEXANDER JONES, Ptolemy'sGeography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2000. Pp. xiii+192. ISBN 0-691-01042-0. £24.95, $39.50 (hardback)." British Journal for the History of Science 37, no. 2 (May 24, 2004): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087404215813.

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J. Lennart Berggren and Alexander Jones, Ptolemy's Geography: An Annotated Translation of the Theoretical Chapters. By Karin Tybjerg 194Natalia Lozovsky, ‘The Earth is Our Book’: Geographical Knowledge in the Latin West ca. 400–1000. By Evelyn Edson 196David Cantor (ed.), Reinventing Hippocrates. By Daniel Brownstein 197Peter Dear, Revolutionizing the Sciences: European Knowledge and Its Ambitions, 1500–1700. By John Henry 199Paolo Rossi, Logic and the Art of Memory: The Quest for a Universal Language. By John Henry 200Marie Boas Hall, Henry Oldenburg: Shaping the Royal Society. By Christoph Lüthy 201Richard L. Hills, James Watt, Volume 1: His Time in Scotland, 1736–1774. By David Philip Miller 203René Sigrist (ed.), H.-B. de Saussure (1740–1799): Un Regard sur la terre, Albert V. Carozzi and John K. Newman (eds.), Lectures on Physical Geography given in 1775 by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure at the Academy of Geneva/Cours de géographie physique donné en 1775 par Horace-Bénédict de Saussure à l'Académie de Genève and Horace-Bénédict de Saussure, Voyages dans les Alpes: Augmentés des Voyages en Valais, au Mont Cervin et autour du Mont Rose. By Martin Rudwick 206Anke te Heesen, The World in a Box: The Story of an Eighteenth-Century Picture Encyclopedia. By Richard Yeo 208David Boyd Haycock, William Stukeley: Science, Religion and Archaeology in Eighteenth-Century England. By Geoffrey Cantor 209Jessica Riskin, Science in the Age of Sensibility: The Sentimental Empiricists of the French Enlightenment. By Dorinda Outram 210Michel Chaouli, The Laboratory of Poetry: Chemistry and Poetics in the Work of Friedrich Schlegel. By David Knight 211George Levine, Dying to Know: Scientific Epistemology and Narrative in Victorian England. By Michael H. Whitworth 212Agustí Nieto-Galan, Colouring Textiles: A History of Natural Dyestuffs in Industrial Europe. By Ursula Klein 214Stuart McCook, States of Nature: Science, Agriculture, and Environment in the Spanish Caribbean, 1760–1940. By Piers J. Hale 215Paola Govoni, Un pubblico per la scienza: La divulgazione scientifica nell'Italia in formazione. By Pietro Corsi 216R. W. Home, A. M. Lucas, Sara Maroske, D. M. Sinkora and J. H. Voigt (eds.), Regardfully Yours: Selected Correspondence of Ferdinand von Mueller. Volume II: 1860–1875. By Jim Endersby 217Douglas R. Weiner, Models of Nature: Ecology, Conservation and Cultural Revolution in Soviet Russia. With a New Afterword. By Piers J. Hale 219Helge Kragh, Quantum Generations: A History of Physics in the Twentieth Century. By Steven French 220Antony Kamm and Malcolm Baird, John Logie Baird: A Life. By Sean Johnston 221Robin L. Chazdon and T. C. Whitmore (eds.), Foundations of Tropical Forest Biology: Classic Papers with Commentaries. By Joel B. Hagen 223Stephen Jay Gould, I Have Landed: Splashes and Reflections in Natural History. By Peter J. Bowler 223Henry Harris, Things Come to Life: Spontaneous Generation Revisited. By Rainer Brömer 224Hélène Gispert (ed.), ‘Par la Science, pour la patrie’: L'Association française pour l'avancement des sciences (1872–1914), un projet politique pour une société savante. By Cristina Chimisso 225Henry Le Chatelier, Science et industrie: Les Débuts du taylorisme en France. By Robert Fox 227Margit Szöllösi-Janze (ed.), Science in the Third Reich. By Jonathan Harwood 227Vadim J. Birstein, The Perversion of Knowledge; The true Story of Soviet Science. By C. A. J. Chilvers 229Guy Hartcup, The Effect of Science on the Second World War. By David Edgerton 230Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, True Genius: The Life and Science of John Bardeen, the Only Winner of Two Nobel Prizes in Physics. By Arne Hessenbruch 230Stephen B. Johnson, The Secret of Apollo: Systems Management in American and European Space Programs, John M. Logsdon (ed.), Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program. Volume V: Exploring the Cosmos and Douglas J. Mudgway, Uplink-Downlink: A History of the Deep Space Network 1957–1997. By Jon Agar 231Helen Ross and Cornelis Plug, The Mystery of the Moon Illusion: Exploring Size Perception. By Klaus Hentschel 233Matthew R. Edwards (ed.), Pushing Gravity: New Perspectives on Le Sage's Theory of Gravitation. By Friedrich Steinle 234Ernest B. Hook (ed.), Prematurity in Scientific Discovery: On Resistance and Neglect. By Alex Dolby 235John Waller, Fabulous Science: Fact and Fiction in the History of Scientific Discovery. By Alex Dolby 236Rosalind Williams, Retooling: A Historian Confronts Technological Change. By Keith Vernon 237Colin Divall and Andrew Scott, Making Histories in Transport Museums. By Anthony Coulls 238

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Lee, Michael. "Higher Criticism and Higher Education at the University of Chicago: William Rainey Harper's Vision of Religion in the Research University." History of Education Quarterly 48, no. 4 (November 2008): 508–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2008.00168.x.

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On September 18, 1890, an enthusiastic and portly man on a train from Chicago to New Haven scribbled in a notebook. The man was William Rainey Harper, and the contents of his notebook would become the plans for The University of Chicago. Upon arriving in New Haven, he wrote a letter to John D. Rockefeller, who would finance Harper's vision for a university. Harper wrote, On my way from Chicago the whole thing outlined itself in my mind and I have a plan which is at the same time unique and comprehensive, which I am persuaded will revolutionize study in this country…. It is very simple but thoroughgoing.

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Kumar Tyagi, Dharmendra, Mrinmoy Majumder, Chander Kant, and Ashish Prabhat Singh. "Estimation of hazen williams’s constant for a residential water distribution network; GMDH and PSO approach." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.1 (March 5, 2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.1.11051.

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Hazen-William equation is used to estimate the Fluid flow in closed channel. There are various models for estimation of pipe flow, however the accuracy and reliability of models varies due to the empirical nature of the Hazen-William constant .the applicability of model also become constrained due to the dependency of constant on pipe material, dimension and flow potential. Different type of pipeline arranged in different Networks will require different value of the constant and is generally retrieved from the data collected for the pipe network. The case dependency of the model has makes the model erroneous and often subjective that is why the present study tries to propose a model which can be used for any network where the output will depend upon the inputs. In this aspect the soft computation techniques: - GMDH and PSO was utilized in an unconventional way to establish the value of CHW =f (H, L, V, D). According to result the GMDH becomes the better model than the PSO where the accuracy is about 76.315%.

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HOLLINGER, DAVID A. "JESUS MATTERS IN THE USA." Modern Intellectual History 1, no. 1 (April 2004): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244303000052.

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Eugene McCarraher, Christian Critics: Religion and the Impasse in Modern American Social Thought (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000)D. G. Hart, The Lost Soul of American Protestantism (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002)William R. Hutchison, Religious Pluralism in America: The Contentious History of a Founding Ideal (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2003)John T. McGreevy, Catholicism and American Freedom: A History (New York: W. W. Norton, 2003)

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Wang, Chloe S., Suwen Li, Zhiyuan Mao, Olivia Zhou, Carlos Botero, William Satyadi, Patrick Chang, et al. "Abstract 3604: PSC-derived T cells as a novel source of tumor antigen-specific T cell receptors." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 3604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3604.

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Abstract T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells are a promising approach to cell therapy for cancer. TCRs targeting public tumor associated antigens (TAAs) offer the widest potential coverage of patients within and across tumor types. TAA-specific TCRs, however, are rare in the blood and when detected are frequently of low affinity due to negative selection of high-affinity self-antigen reactive T cells in the thymus. Here, we present a TCR discovery platform based on in vitro generation of T cells from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) using the previously described artificial thymic organoid (ATO) system. We hypothesized that ATO-derived T cells offer several advantages for TCR discovery including a novel TCR repertoire and the absence of negative selection against TAAs during T cell development. Sequencing of the TCR repertoire of polyclonal CD8+ T cells generated from a HLA-A*02:01+ PSC line confirmed low junctional diversity at both the TCR beta and alpha loci, consistent with our previous finding of low TdT expression during T cell development from PSCs and an enrichment for germline-like TCRs. We then interrogated this novel TCR repertoire for reactivity against two well-described HLA-A2-restricted epitopes of NY-ESO-1 and WT1, reactivities to which are rare in the blood. Following co-culture with artificial APCs, a surprisingly high frequency of antigen-specific T cells was detected by MHC-tetramer staining. From these, high frequency TCR clonotypes were functionally validated by reconstitution in Jurkat TCR-reporter cells. Interestingly, from a single experimental run multiple antigen-specific TCRs were validated (5 out of 10 tested clonotypes for NY-ESO-1, and 2 out of 5 for WT1). This finding was reproducible across independent experimental runs, yielding further validated TCRs against these targets. To benchmark relative TCR affinities, we compared a panel of 5 ATO-derived NY-ESO-1 TCRs with 4 blood-derived TCRs with the same specificity, as well as the affinity-enhanced 1G4 TCR. ATO-derived TCRs showed not only superior performance to their blood derived counterparts in peptide dilution assays, but TCRs were identified with equivalent or superior cytotoxicity to 1G4, including against cell lines with endogenous NY-ESO-1 expression. Comparative in vivo anti-tumor efficacy studies are in process. A similarly high level of specificity and cytotoxicity was observed for ATO-derived WT1-specific TCRs. Finally, we demonstrate proof-of-concept identification of TCRs specific to a prostate-specific antigen for which high quality TCRs have remained elusive. In conclusion, the PSC ATO TCR-discovery platform efficiently identifies high-affinity TAA-specific TCRs, including against previously intractable targets. Considering the potential for MHC modularity of this in vitro system, this approach may theoretically enable rapid discovery of therapeutic TCRs based on any designated peptide/MHC-I combination. Citation Format: Chloe S. Wang, Suwen Li, Zhiyuan Mao, Olivia Zhou, Carlos Botero, William Satyadi, Patrick Chang, Sang Pil Yoo, Ho-Chung Chen, Shawn Lopez, Jami McLaughlin, Amélie Montel-Hagen, Owen N. Witte, Gay M. Crooks, Christopher S. Seet. PSC-derived T cells as a novel source of tumor antigen-specific T cell receptors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3604.

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Essick, Robert N. "An Island in the Moon William Blake Michael Phillips Haven O'More." Huntington Library Quarterly 52, no. 1 (January 1989): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3817555.

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Liou, Chyr Pyng. "Limitations and Proper Use of the Hazen-Williams Equation." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 124, no. 9 (September 1998): 951–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1998)124:9(951).

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Christensen, B. A., Frederick A. Locher, and Prabhata K. Swamee. "Limitations and Proper Use of the Hazen-Williams Equation." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 126, no. 2 (February 2000): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(2000)126:2(167).

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DeLashmutt, Michael W. "Nathaniel William Taylor and Thomas Reid: Scottish common-sense philosophy's impact upon the formation of New Haven theology in Antebellum America." Scottish Journal of Theology 59, no. 1 (February 2005): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930605000918.

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This paper will examine the relationship between Scottish common-sense philosophy and the formation of New Haven Theology. It will be illustrated that Nathaniel William Taylor's adaptations of orthodox Calvinism (particularly the doctrines of election and predestination and total depravity) relied heavily upon the principles of common-sense philosophy found in the work of Thomas Reid. Furthermore, it will be argued that Taylor's adaptation of Calvinism was a necessary accommodation to the phenomenon of mass conversion and evangelism during the Second Great Awakening.

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Journal articles on the topic 'William Hagen'

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