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Journal articles on the topic 'Wildlife and habitat management'
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1
Belovsky, Gary E. "Insights for caribou/reindeer management using optimal foraging theory." Rangifer 11, no. 4 (October 1, 1991): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.11.4.987.
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Optimal foraging theory is useful to wildlife managers, because it helps explain the nutritional value of different habitats for wildlife species. Based upon nutritional value, the use of different habitats can be predicted, including how factors such as insect harassment, predation and migration might modify habitat selection. If habitat value and use can be understood, then changes in habitat availability which are of concern to wildlife managers can be assessed. The theory is used to address diet choice and habitat use of caribou/reindeer. Diet choice is examined in terms of lichen composition of the diet and is demonstrated to be a function of daily feeding time, food abundance and digestive capacity. The diet choice model is then used to assess the nutritional profitability of different habitats and which habitat should be preferred based upon nutritional profitability. Caribou/reindeer use of habitats is demonstrated to be easily modified by insect harassment and predation which change the nutritional profitability of habitats differentially. The same type of approach could be used to explain migratory behaviour; however, the needed parameter values are unavailable. The results of this analysis lead one to question some common conceptions about caribou/reindeer ecology.
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Suchant, Rudi, Rainer Baritz, and Vero Braunisch. "Wildlife habitat analysis – a multidimensional habitat management model." Journal for Nature Conservation 10, no. 4 (January 2003): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/1617-1381-00026.
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Thompson, Ian D. "The importance of superior-quality wildlife habitats." Forestry Chronicle 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc80075-1.
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While animals may use many habitat types, relatively few are preferred and fewer yet are superior in quality (referring to individual fitness as the measure of quality). Historical reduction in habitat quality for some wildlife species has occurred such that we may now have limited reference to original superior-quality habitats. As time passes, managers may be unaware that superior habitats are slowly disappearing and that the slow but cumulative change is significant to a species at the population level. The perception of superior-quality habitat also changes with each successive generation of managers based on their experiences. This paper raises the concern that retrospective work may often be required to determine past forest habitats and associated animal populations to avoid the risk of falling into a trap of not recognizing ever-declining habitat quality through time and relegating animals to what is in fact much poorer quality habitat than those to which they are actually best adapted. Further, the relationship between relative abundance and habitat quality may often be uncertain owing to maladaptive habitat selection by animals, inappropriate survey timing or interannual population differences. While we have begun to appreciate aspects of habitat selection for many forest species, few data are yet available that relate selected habitats to fitness of individual animals. Hence, while we may have models to predict habitat use, considerable research remains to be done to be able to predict long-term sustainability of species in managed landscapes. Key words: habitat quality, forest management, sustainability, biodiversity
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Kyber-Robison, Ashley. "Ecologically Sound and Aesthetically Pleasing—Aesthetic Design for Effective Wildlife Habitats." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 671b—671. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.671b.
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In the past decade, there has been a growing trend toward conservation and management of wildlife and the environment. Growing suburban development has increased displacement of native animals from their natural habitats; thus, there is an ever-increasing need to manage not only existing forests and large land holdings for wildlife but also developed land areas. The idea of “backyard habitat” gardening and the “green movement” in golf course design address these issues of wildlife habitat and provide design solutions that hail the growing need for natural habitats. The same principles also can be used in commercial landscape design and ultimately in reclaiming grazing pasture land for dual habitat by farm animals and native wildlife. Just as the “American Lawn” provides minimal support for wildlife due to its lack of diversity, the manicured pasture of the American farm can also be limiting for wildlife. Providing areas of cover for nesting and protection can benefit the “kept” and “unkept” animals inhabiting the area. Furthermore, the biophilic landscape provides a psychologically healthy biosphere for the personnel working on the farm. In designing landscape plans with the primary goal of aesthetic enhancement of university experimental research farms, the principals of water conservation, integrated pest management, and providing wildlife cover and food are applied to develop an aesthetically pleasing design that also provides habitat for displaced wildlife. The intent of the project is to explore the possibilities in designing successful habitats for wildlife while preserving the ultimate goal of livestock production. Implementing successful ecologically sound landscapes enable the land-grant university to teach the public the benefits of wildlife conservation and the importance of its incorporation to all aspects of land use.
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Morris, Douglas W. "How can we apply theories of habitat selection to wildlife conservation and management?" Wildlife Research 30, no. 4 (2003): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02028.
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Habitat-selection theory can be applied to solve numerous problems in the conservation and management of wildlife. Many of the solutions involve the use of habitat isodars, graphs of densities in pairs of habitats such that expected fitness is the same in both. For single species, isodars reflect differences in habitat quality, and specify the conditions when population density will, or will not, match the abundance of resources. When two or more species co-occur, isodars can be used to assess not only whether the species compete with one another, but also differences in habitat, in habitat selection, and in the functional form of density-dependent competition. Isodars have been applied to measure scales of habitat selection, the presence or absence of edge effects, as well as the number of habitats that species recognise in heterogeneous landscapes. Merged with foraging behaviour, isodars reveal the relative roles of habitat selection, spatial structure, and environmental stochasticity on local populations. Habitat-selection models can be linked similarly with theories of patch use to assess the underlying cause of source–sink dynamics. Isodars can detect and measure Allee effects, describe human habitat selection, and use human occupation of habitat as a leading indicator of threatened biodiversity. Even so, we have only begun to reveal the potential of habitat selection, and other optimal behaviours, to solve pressing problems in conservation and management.
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Salwasser, Hal. "Integrating Wildlife into the Managed Forest." Forestry Chronicle 61, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc61146-2.
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Integrating wildlife habitat concerns into multiple-use forest management requires four things: 1) the right attitude, 2) a process for systematic resource coordination, 3) models that relate forest conditions to wildlife outputs, and 4) the effective use of monitoring to support an adaptive management strategy. These four things reflect that resource managers must first want to make forestry-wildlife coordination work, that they need a mechanism for doing it, that they need habitat criteria for meeting wildlife goals, and that we only know enough at this time to get pointed in the right direction.Comprehensive goals for timber and wildlife are set early in successful forestry-wildlife integration. The goals provide for maintaining habitat and wildlife diversity while simultaneously producing consumable surpluses of timber and game in relation to demands for those products. Comprehensive inventories and vegetation growth and yield models are used to analyze the current management situation and show the need for actions to meet goals. The wildlife yield models are species-habitat relationships functions that relate habitat conditions to wildlife outputs by species. The management plan developed constitutes a coordinated set of resource objectives and the schedule of practices that will achieve them in an efficient way. Monitoring the effects of the practices is used to learn whether assumptions and models used in planning need to be revised, and whether the course of management needs to be adjusted to meet the goals. Key words: Forest management, Wildlife management, integration, Wildlife habitat, Multiple use planning.
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Zobel, John M., Alan R. Ek, and Christopher B. Edgar. "Assessing the Impact of 41 Years of Forest Management on Native Wildlife Habitat in Minnesota, USA." Journal of Forestry 119, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvaa050.
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Abstract Over the last four decades, forest management goals have transitioned to multiuse objectives, begging the question of their impact on wildlife habitat. Using USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data and the WHINGS (Wildlife Habitat Indicator for Native Genera and Species) model, the trends in wildlife habitat were quantified from 1977 to 2018 across Minnesota. Statewide, 35.5% of species experienced significant improvement in habitat, 29% significant reductions, and 35.5% nonsignificant change. The extent of habitat (acreage) increased for 100% of species, but the quality declined for 63% of species. Results were explained by the reduction in acreage of larger size classes of the aspen, balsam, and birch forest type and increases in smaller, younger forest area. Specifically, forest management that converted aspen stands to other forest types benefited certain wildlife species over others. Future forest management should consider the balance between the habitat requirements of the diverse native species in Minnesota. Study Implications Trends in forest wildlife habitat over the last four decades across Minnesota highlight that forest management often favors one species at the expense of another. Statewide, wildlife species with preferences for larger, older aspen experienced diminished habitat, whereas habitat for species preferring younger forest types or older nonaspen types increased. Regionally, the forested ecoregions in Minnesota (northeast) generally saw reduced habitat, whereas the prairie/agricultural regions (south and northwest) saw the largest increases. Through this and further applications, forest and wildlife managers can rapidly assess the habitat implications of proposed management, whether for environmental review, forest planning, or harvest scheduling.
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Kavwele, Cyrus M., Johnstone K. Kimanzi, and Mwangi J. Kinyanjui. "Impacts of Bush Encroachment on Wildlife Species Diversity, Composition, and Habitat Preference in Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Laikipia, Kenya." International Journal of Ecology 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5620125.
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Savannah ecosystems are currently facing a biome shift that changes grasslands to woody dominated landscapes, attributable to habitat degradation. In Ol Pejeta Conservancy (OPC), Euclea divinorum, an unpalatable and invasive woody species, is expanding to former savannah ecosystems with potential effects on herbivores key resources, wildlife species diversity, composition, and habitat use. We investigated wildlife species diversity, composition, and habitat preference or avoidance by wildlife in the conservancy. Infrared camera traps were deployed at the centroids of 2 km by 2 km, 50 cm above ground surface for 14 days and nights with 9 camera traps in each habitat type. Shannon wiener index revealed that wildlife species diversity was highest in E. divinorum dominated habitats and lowest in open grassland. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis revealed level of similarity in wildlife species composition between E. divinorum and mixed bushland. Jacobs index revealed that E. divinorum and mixed bushland were avoided by all guilds; however E. divinorum was significantly avoided while A. drepanolobium and open grassland were both preferred by all guilds. However, A. drepanolobium dominated habitats were significantly preferred compared to open grasslands. The findings are useful in management of sustainable ecosystems.
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Iliyasu Simon, Jennifer Che, and Lynne Baker. "University campuses can contribute to wildlife conservation in urbanizing regions: a case study from Nigeria." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 13 (September 26, 2020): 16736–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6316.12.13.16736-16741.
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Globally, colleges and universities are increasingly mandating sustainability and environmental protection into their practices. To date, such institutions have focused their efforts on recycling and energy-use reduction and less on the management and conservation of wildlife and wildlife habitats. However, in an increasingly urbanizing world, well-managed campuses can provide habitat and even refuge for wildlife species. On the campus of a sustainability-minded university in Nigeria, we used camera traps to determine the presence of wildlife and used occupancy modeling to evaluate factors that influenced the detectability and habitat use of two mammals for which we had sufficient detections: White-tailed Mongoose Ichneumia albicauda and Gambian Rat Cricetomys gambianus. Our intent was to gather baseline data on campus wildlife to inform future research and make recommendations for maintaining wildlife populations. We detected wildlife primarily within less-disturbed areas that contained a designated nature area, and the presence of a nature area was the key predictor variable influencing habitat use. No measured variables influenced detectability. This study supports other research that highlights the importance of undisturbed or minimally disturbed natural habitats on university campuses for wildlife, especially in increasingly built-up and developed regions. We recommend that institutions of higher education devote greater resources to making campuses wildlife-friendly and increase opportunities for students to engage in campus-based wildlife research and conservation and other sustainability-related programs.
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Reilly, Brian. "Practical Techniques for Habitat and Wildlife Management." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 33, no. 4 (November 2016): 281–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220119.2016.1275041.
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Pederson, Roger L., and Neil F. Payne. "Techniques for Wildlife Habitat Management of Wetlands." Journal of Wildlife Management 57, no. 1 (January 1993): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3809019.
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Meeks, Robert L., and Neil F. Payne. "Techniques for Wildlife Habitat Management of Wetlands." Journal of Wildlife Management 58, no. 3 (July 1994): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3809338.
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Bandyopadhyay, Meghna, A. Cole Burton, Sandeep Kumar Gupta, and Ramesh Krishnamurthy. "Understanding the distribution and fine-scale habitat selection of mesocarnivores along a habitat quality gradient in western Himalaya." PeerJ 10 (September 16, 2022): e13993. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13993.
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Background: Human activities have resulted in a rapid increase of modified habitats in proximity to wildlife habitats in the Himalaya. However, it is crucial to understand the extent to which human habitat modification affects wildlife. Mesocarnivores generally possess broader niches than large carnivores and adapt quickly to human activities. Here, we use a case study in the western Himalaya to test the hypothesis that human disturbance influenced mesocarnivore habitat use. Methods: We used camera trapping and mitochondrial DNA-based species identification from faecal samples to obtain mesocarnivore detections. We then compared the responses of mesocarnivores between an anthropogenic site and a less disturbed park along a contiguous gradient in habitat quality. The non-linear pattern in species-specific habitat selection and factors responsible for space usage around villages was captured using hierarchical generalized additive modelling (HGAM) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination. Results: Wildlife occurrences along the gradient varied by species. Leopard cat and red fox were the only terrestrial mesocarnivores that occurred in both anthropogenic site and park. We found a shift in habitat selection from less disturbed habitat in the park to disturbed habitat in anthropogenic site for the species detected in both the habitat types. For instance, red fox showed habitat selection towards high terrain ruggedness (0.5 to 0.7 TRI) and low NDVI (−0.05 to 0.2) in the park but no such specific selection in anthropogenic site. Further, leopard cat showed habitat selection towards moderate slope (20°) and medium NDVI (0.5) in park but no prominent habitat selections in anthropogenic site. The results revealed their constrained behaviour which was further supported by the intensive site usage close to houses, agricultural fields and human trails in villages. Conclusions: Our results indicate shifts in habitat selection and intensive site usage by mesocarnivores in the human-modified habitat. In future, this suggests the possibility of conflict and disease spread affecting both the people and wildlife. Therefore, this study highlights the requisite to test the wildlife responses to rapidly growing human expansions in modified habitats to understand the extent of impact. The management strategies need to have an integrated focus for further expansions of modified habitat and garbage disposal strategies, especially in the human-wildlife interface area.
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Johnstone, Richard. "Vegetation Management: Mowing to Spraying." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 16, no. 7 (July 1, 1990): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1990.044.
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Ten years ago, Delmarva Power began to change its vegetation maintenance techniques to control costs and improve wildlife habitat of its rights-of-way. Instead of periodically cutting vegetation with mechanical mowers, the Utility began to treat incompatible species of plants with herbicides. This not only resulted in lower right-of-way maintenance costs and improved wildlife habitat, but also improved aesthetics, accessibility, and environmental protection.
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Coates, Peter. "From hazard to habitat (or hazardous habitat)." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 38, no. 3 (November 25, 2013): 286–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309133313513296.
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Rocky Flats (RF) is a former nuclear weapons manufacturing complex in Colorado, 26 km northwest of downwind Denver, at the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains’ Front Range. At RF, between 1952 and 1989, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and its successors manufactured plutonium triggers. After remediation (1996–2005), 4000 acres of buffer zone were transferred to the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), to manage as Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge (2007). Drawing on research materials from local libraries and archives, this essay explores the ‘weapons to wildlife’ (W2W) conversion of a militarized environment in Denver’s ‘Gunbelt’. The various phases in RF’s demilitarization (closure, cleanup, transition to wildlife refuge and refuge management planning) are examined with reference to recognition of biodiversity value, debate over the ex-plant’s future, and options for running a refuge still in an arrested state of development – closed to the public for want of funding. A further aim is to bring to the attention of physical geographers a growing body of scholarship by human geographers on environmental contamination at former nuclear sites and debates over remediation and post-industrial uses – and to contribute the additional perspective of an environmental historian.
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Clarke, Donna J., Kate A. Pearce, and John G. White. "Powerline corridors: degraded ecosystems or wildlife havens?" Wildlife Research 33, no. 8 (2006): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr05085.
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Management of powerline corridors in Australia has traditionally focused on the complete removal of vegetation using short rotation times owing to the perceived hazard of fire associated with corridor vegetation. Because of the intense management associated with fire hazards, little thought has been given to use of powerline corridors by wildlife. This has resulted in corridors traditionally being viewed as a source of fragmentation and habitat loss within forested ecosystems. We investigated the responses of small mammal communities living in a powerline corridor to management-induced vegetation changes at different successional stages, to determine whether a compromise could be reached between managing corridors for fire and biodiversity. Habitat modelling in the corridor and adjacent forest for three native and one introduced small mammal species demonstrated that species responded to changes in vegetation structural complexity, rather than time-since-management per se. Early seral stages of vegetation recovery after corridor management encouraged the introduced house mouse (Mus domesticus) into corridors and contributed little to biodiversity. Mid-seral-stage vegetation, however, provided habitat for native species that were rare in adjacent forest habitats. As the structural complexity of the vegetation increased, the small mammal community became similar to that of the forest so that corridor vegetation contributed fewer biodiversity benefits while posing an unacceptable fire risk. If ecologically sensitive management regimes are implemented to encourage mid-seral vegetation and avoid complete vegetation removal, powerline corridors have the potential to improve biodiversity. This would maintain landscape connectivity and provide habitat for native species uncommon in the forest while still limiting fuel loads in the corridor.
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McAdoo, Kent, Jeremy Maestas, and Lance Vermeire. "SRM Wildlife Habitat Committee." Rangelands 27, no. 4 (August 2005): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2111/1551-501x(2005)27[53:swhc]2.0.co;2.
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Barlow, Rebecca, Stephen Grado, Darren Miller, and Donald Grebner. "Opportunity Costs of Managing for Wildlife Habitat in the North Central Hills Region of Mississippi." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 31, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/31.1.39.
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Abstract Nonmarketed forest outputs need to be quantitatively measured and valued to project monetary gains and losses associated with varying these outputs relative to timber production. Of particular importance to many landowners is the quantity and value of timber production forgone relative to the creation or maintenance of wildlife habitat. We used scenario planning and a geographic information system to estimate potential monetary gains or losses for the North Central Hills region in Mississippi by manipulating timber growing stock to produce more or less habitat for northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and eastern wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris). As expected, timber management–only scenarios, which maximized net present value (NPV), produced higher equivalent annual income values per hectare and allocated fewer habitat hectares for all wildlife species versus managing for wildlife habitat quality. Inclusion of fee hunting reduced cost differences between NPV only and improved wildlife habitat management scenarios. Simulations comparing management regimes maximizing NPV and optimizing wildlife habitat resulted in quantitative measures, which will be useful for land managers evaluating tradeoffs inherent in multiple-use management.
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Svancara, L. K., G. Servheen, W. Melquist, D. Davis, and J. M. Scott. "Habitat Restoration Across Large Areas: Assessing Wildlife Responses in the Clearwater Basin, Idaho." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 19, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/19.2.123.
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Abstract Over the past century, fire suppression and prevention have altered disturbance regimes across the Pacific Northwest, resulting in a significant divergence of historical and current conditions in forested habitats. To address this continuing trend in habitat changes and begin restoring historical patterns of disturbance, the Clearwater Basin Elk Habitat Initiative (CEI) proposes relatively extensive management actions in the Clearwater basin of north-central Idaho. We attempted to evaluate potential effects of such management actions on selected wildlife species using extant data sets and suggest ways to improve such projects with respect to a multispecies and adaptive management approach. Although there is increased interest in ecosystem management over large areas, the increased scale of analysis and implementation require a substantial increase in the level of species information beyond what currently exists. We conclude that baseline information required for an effective multispecies land-management policy in the Clearwater basin does not exist for many terrestrial wildlife species. To implement a true multispecies or ecosystem approach, wildlife and land managers should cooperate to increase existing population data and modeling efforts for wildlife species in the basin and develop a sustainable monitoring program to evaluate habitat management changes and their influence on wildlife populations within the context of adaptive management theory. Management actions to restore disturbance patterns should attempt spatial and temporal scales that are biologically relevant to the population ecology of species being affected. West. J. Appl. For. 19(2): 123–132.
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Cleveland, Helene M., and James C. Finley. "Assessing Forest Wildlife Diversity in Pennsylvania." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 15, no. 2 (June 1, 1998): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/15.2.77.
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Abstract Forest managers require tools to rapidly assess the effects of management activities on wildlife habitat. Most wildlife habitat evaluations can be costly and time consuming, resulting in few practical assessments for nonindustrial private forest landowners. Using vegetation type, its structure, and the resulting wildlife habitat as indicators of wildlife diversity, this article presents the beginnings of a practical assessment. We have developed a habitat-based procedure for deriving species richness of wildlife communities, at the stand level, by associating identified structural habitat characteristics with groups of wildlife species. Two formats are available: a manual format using a matrix and functional (species) groups that are eliminated if their required structural features are not found in the stand, and a computer format that eliminates individual, not grouped, species. Both formats provide a list of potential species and can be used to predict species changes based on proposed activities. This provides a manager the opportunity to determine if uncommon or critical habitat features will be eliminated before conducting a proposed management activity. North. J. Appl. For. 15(2):77-85.
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Naylor, Brian J. "Managing wildlife habitat in red pine and white pine forests of central Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 70, no. 4 (August 1, 1994): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc70411-4.
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About 80% of the forest-dwelling wildlife found in central Ontario use forest associations containing red pine or white pine. Providing habitat for this diversity of species requires management of pine forests at three levels. Nests of sensitive species and other critical habitats require site-specific protection afforded by guidelines that modify timber management practices. Generic stand-level prescriptions are required to ensure the provision of cavity trees, down woody debris, mast, and supercanopy trees. Forest-level planning must address the supply of pine associations across the landscape, consider the spatial configuration of pine patches, and strive to provide a complete representation of age classes. Key words: red pine, white pine, wildlife habitat, critical habitats, cavity trees, down woody debris, mast, supercanopy trees, landscape diversity
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Demarchi, Ray A. "What the Wildlife Manager Expects from Foresters—New Initiatives in Forestry and Wildlife Management in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 61, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc61137-2.
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The demands for land are increasing. Destructive forms of land use threaten the renewable resource base for both wood products and wildlife. The first order of cooperation between foresters and wildlife managers must be to protect the productive land base from destructive uses. The second order deals with how this land base and the timber resource are to be managed. The third order of cooperation between foresters and wildlife managers requires an appreciation of this fundamental problem. The dialogue between foresters and wildlife managers is increasing. Foresters should assist wildlife managers in encouraging economists to begin applying the economic benefits of wildlife as incentives to the private sector for improving wildlife habitat protection and management. Key words: Wildlife Management, Forestry Multiple Use, Integration, Wildlife Habitat.
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Mosebo Fernandes, Ana Cristina, Rebeca Quintero Gonzalez, Marie Ann Lenihan-Clarke, Ezra Francis Leslie Trotter, and Jamal Jokar Arsanjani. "Machine Learning for Conservation Planning in a Changing Climate." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 16, 2020): 7657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187657.
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Wildlife species’ habitats throughout North America are subject to direct and indirect consequences of climate change. Vulnerability assessments for the Intermountain West regard wildlife and vegetation and their disturbance as two key resource areas in terms of ecosystems when considering climate change issues. Despite the adaptability potential of certain wildlife, increased temperature estimates of 1.67–2 °C by 2050 increase the likelihood and severity of droughts, floods, heatwaves and wildfires in Utah. As a consequence, resilient flora and fauna could be displaced. The aim of this study was to locate areas of habitat for an exemplary species, i.e., sage-grouse, based on current climate conditions and pinpoint areas of future habitat based on climate projections. The locations of wildlife were collected from Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) observations in addition to normal temperature and precipitation, vegetation cover and other ecosystem-related data. Four machine learning algorithms were then used to locate the current sites of wildlife habitats and predict suitable future sites where wildlife would likely relocate to, dependent on the effects of climate change and based on a timeframe of scientifically backed temperature-increase estimates. Our findings show that Random Forest outperforms other competing models, with an accuracy of 0.897, and a sensitivity and specificity of 0.917 and 0.885, respectively, and has great potential in Species Distribution Modeling (SDM), which can provide useful insights into habitat predictions. Based on this model, our predictions show that sage-grouse habitats in Utah will continue to decrease over the coming years due to climate change, producing a highly fragmented habitat and causing a loss of close to 70% of their current habitat. Priority Areas of Conservation (PACs) and protected areas might be deemed insufficient to halt this habitat loss, and more effort should be put into maintaining connectivity between patches to ensure the movement and genetic diversity within the sage-grouse population. The underlying data-driven methodical approach of this study could be useful for environmentalists, researchers, decision-makers, and policymakers, among others.
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Estrada, Alejandro, and Rhett Butler. "Profiling Patterns of Habitat Management for Wildlife Conservation." Tropical Conservation Science 6, no. 6 (December 2013): i—iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194008291300600608.
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Johnson, Douglas H., Susan D. Haseltine, and Lewis M. Cowardin. "Wildlife habitat management on the northern prairie landscape." Landscape and Urban Planning 28, no. 1 (February 1994): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(94)90039-6.
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HOWES, ALISON L., MARTINE MARON, and CLIVE A. MCALPINE. "Bayesian Networks and Adaptive Management of Wildlife Habitat." Conservation Biology 24, no. 4 (February 19, 2010): 974–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2010.01451.x.
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Roloff, Gary J., Bruce Carroll, and Steve Scharosch. "A Decision Support System for Incorporating Wildlife Habitat Quality into Forest Planning." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 14, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/14.2.91.
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Abstract We developed a decision support system to address wildlife habitat quality in the strategic forest planning process. The process involves projecting wildlife habitat attributes using a growth and yield model, combining the attributes into an index of structural habitat quality, generating yield tables of structural habitat quality that can be constrained or optimized in the forest planning model, and relating prescriptions for each forest planning analysis area back to the habitat attributes. The result is a map of habitat components. This mechanism is considered the first step in our wildlife habitat assessment procedure in that it focuses on within-stand or within-analysis area structures. Since many wildlife species depend on multiple stands or analysis areas and the spatial arrangement of habitat components to meet their life requisites, the second step in our habitat assessment procedure is to apply spatially explicit wildlife habitat models to the mapped planning solution. The decision support system offers the capability to evaluate the effects of alternative management strategies on wildlife habitat in the context of a forest planning model solution. West. J. Appl. For 14(2):91-99.
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Schulz, Carl-Erik, and Anders Skonhoft. "Wildlife management, land-use and conflicts." Environment and Development Economics 1, no. 3 (July 1996): 265–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x00000619.
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ABSTRACTThe paper analyses the conflict between wildlife conservation and its accompanying land-use in an East African context. In the model there are two agents. First, there is an agency managing the wildlife and the habitat of the wildlife, which is referred to as parkland. On the other hand, there is the group of agro-pastoralists living in the vicinity of the wildlife habitat, whose land-use is referred to as rangelands. The parkland is used for tourism production and hunting, while the rangelands are used for agro-pastoral production. Both agents will find it beneficial to expand their land-use, so there is a land-use conflict. This is analysed in two steps. First, social optimality is studied; then we study the utilization of the wildlife and its accompanying land-use when there is no unified resource policy and the park agency follows its self-interest. The effects on the two different management schemes of changing economic conditions, such as the recommendations of the CITES convention and a programme subsidizing agro-pastoral production, are discussed.
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Thorne, Karen M., Kevin J. Buffington, Deborah L. Elliott-Fisk, and John Y. Takekawa. "Tidal Marsh Susceptibility to Sea-Level Rise: Importance of Local-Scale Models." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 290–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/062014-jfwm-048.
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Abstract Increasing concern over sea-level rise impacts to coastal tidal marsh ecosystems has led to modeling efforts to anticipate outcomes for resource management decision making. Few studies on the Pacific coast of North America have modeled sea-level rise marsh susceptibility at a scale relevant to local wildlife populations and plant communities. Here, we use a novel approach in developing an empirical sea-level rise ecological response model that can be applied to key management questions. Calculated elevation change over 13 y for a 324-ha portion of San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California, USA, was used to represent local accretion and subsidence processes. Next, we coupled detailed plant community and elevation surveys with measured rates of inundation frequency to model marsh state changes to 2100. By grouping plant communities into low, mid, and high marsh habitats, we were able to assess wildlife species vulnerability and to better understand outcomes for habitat resiliency. Starting study-site conditions were comprised of 78% (253-ha) high marsh, 7% (30-ha) mid marsh, and 4% (18-ha) low marsh habitats, dominated by pickleweed Sarcocornia pacifica and cordgrass Spartina spp. Only under the low sea-level rise scenario (44 cm by 2100) did our models show persistence of some marsh habitats to 2100, with the area dominated by low marsh habitats. Under mid (93 cm by 2100) and high sea-level rise scenarios (166 cm by 2100), most mid and high marsh habitat was lost by 2070, with only 15% (65 ha) remaining, and a complete loss of these habitats by 2080. Low marsh habitat increased temporarily under all three sea-level rise scenarios, with the peak (286 ha) in 2070, adding habitat for the endemic endangered California Ridgway’s rail Rallus obsoletus obsoletus. Under mid and high sea-level rise scenarios, an almost complete conversion to mudflat occurred, with most of the area below mean sea level. Our modeling assumed no marsh migration upslope due to human levee and infrastructure preventing these types of processes. Other modeling efforts done for this area have projected marsh persistence to 2100, but our modeling effort with site-specific datasets allowed us to model at a finer resolution with much higher local confidence, resulting in different results for management. Our results suggest that projected sea-level rise will have significant impacts on marsh plant communities and obligate wildlife, including those already under federal and state protection. Comprehensive modeling as done here improves the potential to implement adaptive management strategies and prevent marsh habitat and wildlife loss in the future.
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Bassett, Corinne, Ryan Gilpin, and Kara Donohue. "Lessons Learned from Developing Best Management Practices for Urban Tree Care and Wildlife." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 48, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2022.001.
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Urban forests create indispensable habitat for declining wildlife populations. The tree care industry is essential to the viability of urban forests and thus the survival of urban wildlife. At the same time, tree care operations such as tree removal and branch pruning present clear threats to urban wildlife and their habitats. Here we describe the development of a grassroots coalition of arborists and wildlife advocates in the Western United States and the process of charting a path to best management practices and professional training to mitigate the impacts of tree care practices to wildlife. In particular, we describe the unique challenges and opportunities that arose through this multi-disciplinary process and build a case for the benefits of uniting diverse communities of practice around complex urban ecological problems. We finish by laying out recommendations to the international arboriculture and urban forestry practitioner and research communities.
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Baird, IA, PC Catling, and JR Ive. "Fire Planning for Wildlife Management - a Decision-Support System for Nadgee-Nature-Reserve, Australia." International Journal of Wildland Fire 4, no. 2 (1994): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf9940107.
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This paper describes a decision support system for generating fire management plans which address predefined wildlife management objectives for a nature conservation reserve. Given limited knowledge of how low intensity fire would affect wildlife species, the expert reasoning of researchers was used to postulate fire response curves showing how high intensity fire affects vegetation structure and hence wildlife population density through time. These fire response curves and knowledge of the habitat preferences of wildlife species provided the best available information upon which to frame decision rules advocating prescribed burning at low intensity to manipulate wildlife habitat. Decision rules were also framed for protecting recreation sites, limiting fire spread, and reducing the risk of wildfire ignition. Once the decision rules were quantified, the LUPIS land use planning and information system was used to derive and map burning options reflecting different wildlife management strategies.
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Kruse, Kammie L., Daniel P. Collins, Courtenay M. Conring, Blake A. Grisham, Warren C. Conway, and Jeffrey M. Knetter. "Summer Habitat Selection of the Lower Colorado River Valley Population of Greater Sandhill Cranes." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/042017-jfwm-037.
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Abstract Identifying habitat selection and use is important to understand in wildlife management because it informs habitat manipulations, conservation efforts, and species distribution. Habitat selection by sandhill cranes (Antigone canadensis) has been studied primarily on overwintering areas and a few summering locations. Summer habitat selection by the Lower Colorado River Valley Population of greater sandhill cranes (A. c. tabida) in the Intermountain West is not widely known, but has been identified as an information need by many wildlife management agencies. We captured and attached satellite platform transmitter terminals to 21 adult sandhill cranes on Cibola and Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuges in Arizona and California, and private lands in California and Idaho. Home ranges of all marked cranes (50% core area: x̄ = 525.4 ha, SE = 155.6; 99% isopleth: x̄ = 6,476.5 ha, SE = 1,637.5) were similar to other studies on summering grounds. Resource analysis indicated that marked sandhill cranes used wetland habitats in greater proportion than their availability for both nocturnal and diurnal locations at the population level, by individuals within the entire landscape, and by individuals within their core area. Wetland habitats consist of ∼7% of the available habitat. Within the Wetland category, the Temperate Flooded and Swamp Forest level (a Formation level in the National Vegetation Classification system) was the most important to summering Lower Colorado River Population sandhill cranes. Wetland managers can concentrate their efforts for conservation, enhancement, and restoration on these type of wetlands to ensure the sustainability of this small population of sandhill cranes.
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R. Fulton, Graham. "The Negative Effects of Wildlife Tourism on Wildlife." Pacific Conservation Biology 8, no. 1 (2002): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc020067.
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THIS report is one of 23 in the Wildlife Tourism's Report Series, Edited by Dr Karen Higginbottom and targeted to industry, government users, and tourism researchers. Dr Green is both a research ecologist and an ecotour operator, with research interests in frugivorous seed dispersal and habitat modification. Dr Higginbottom is a lecturer at Griffith University where she teaches wildlife management, vertebrate biology, and nature based tourism.
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Malcolm, Jay R., Brian D. Campbell, Ben G. Kuttner, and Alissa Sugar. "Potential indicators of the impacts of forest management on wildlife habitat in northeastern Ontario: A multivariate application of wildlife habitat suitability matrices." Forestry Chronicle 80, no. 1 (February 1, 2004): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc80091-1.
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Protocols to select ecological indicators of sustainable forest management will benefit from a proactive approach that identifies species likely to be most seriously impacted by management. Here, we use an objective approach that couples forest resource inventory information from logged and unlogged landscapes in northeastern Ontario with information from the provincial vertebrate habitat suitability matrix to assess habitat suitability (the amount of used and preferred habitats) in the landscapes and to identify potential indicators of the impacts of forest management activities. Because they may be most representative of potential future logged landscapes in the region, we contrasted the oldest post-clearcut landscapes in the region (1950s and 1960s era, n = 27) with unlogged landscapes (n = 16). Each landscape was a 2-km radius circle (12.6 km2). In light of reported invasions of hardwood species into logged conifer sites, we considered two regeneration scenarios for very young post-harvest stands: full and partial regeneration control. Logged landscapes differed markedly from unlogged landscapes with respect to forest age and forest type. These differences resulted in strong distinctions between logged and unlogged forests for bird and mammal communities, but relatively weak separation for herpetofauna. Redundancy analysis indicated that the percent variation in habitat suitability attributable to logging was 27% for birds, 17–18% for mammals, and 8–12% for herpetofauna. More than 40% of bird and mammal species showed highly significant differences in habitat suitability between the two landscape types (P<0.01), with more species having higher suitability in unlogged than logged forests. This higher habitat suitability in unlogged forests was associated with a greater amount of older forests and a higher richness of forest types in unlogged compared to logged forests. The effect of the two regeneration scenarios was discernible for all communities, but had a relatively weak effect, with the possible exception of higher snowshoe hare (Lepus americana) densities under partial compared to full regeneration control. Various lines of evidence are presented suggesting that these differences between logged and unlogged landscapes may be maintained into the future unless actions are taken to ameliorate these effects of clearcut logging. The technique presented here may prove useful in forest monitoring and adaptive management planning because it is objective, can simultaneously consider a large number of forest taxa, focuses on real rather than projected landscapes, and outlines, in a succinct way, the main habitat-related gradients in habitat suitability matrices. Key words: wildlife habitat supply, clearcut logging, boreal forest, indicator species, forest age, forest regeneration, multivariate analysis
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Carrozzino-Lyon, Amy L., Steve L. McMullin, and James A. Parkhurst. "Co-orientation of State Wildlife Agency Personnel and Wildlife Management Area Stakeholders Regarding Wildlife Habitat Management Activities in Virginia." Environmental Communication 8, no. 4 (September 16, 2014): 508–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2014.955038.
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Brooks, Robert T., and Thomas W. Birch. "Opportunities and Constraints for Wildlife Habitat Management on Private Forests of the Northeast." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 3, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/3.3.109.
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Abstract The Northeastern Forest Inventory and Analysis unit has completed one full cycle of forestland ownership surveys. The results of 14 state surveys show the majority of forestland of the region to be controlled by a large, diverse population of nonindustrial private landowners. These people are from varied background and exhibit a wide range of interests and attitudes toward wildlife, wildlife habitat, and forest management. The demographic and additional characteristics of forest landowners, together with the structural characteristics of their forestland, creates opportunities for, and constraints upon, forest management favorable for wildlife habitat improvement. North. J. Appl. For. 3:109-113, Sept. 1986.
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Schamberger, Mel. "Monitoring wildlife habitat – A critique of approaches." Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 5, no. 3 (May 1, 1988): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sju-1988-5310.
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Lee, Dong-jin, and Seong Woo Jeon. "Estimating Changes in Habitat Quality through Land-Use Predictions: Case Study of Roe Deer (Capreolus pygargus tianschanicus) in Jeju Island." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (December 4, 2020): 10123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310123.
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This study predicts future land-use changes and the resulting changes in habitat quality, suggesting a method for establishing land-use management to ensure sustainable wildlife habitats. The conservation effects were verified in terms of wild animal habitat quality according to the designation of protected areas. Land-use change until 2050 was predicted using the Dyna-Conversion of Land Use Change and its effects (Dyna-CLUE) model for Jeju Island, Korea, and the change in the quality of roe deer habitats was predicted using the Integrated Valuation and Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model. Results indicate that, compared to 2030, urbanized area increased by 42.55 km2, farmland decreased by 81.36 km2, and natural area increased by 38.82 km2 by 2050. The average habitat quality on Jeju Island was predicted to decrease from 0.306 in 2030 to 0.303 in 2050. The average habitat quality ranged from 0.477 in 2030 to 0.476 in 2050 in protected areas and 0.281 in 2030 to 0.278 in 2050 outside protected areas. Habitat quality in protected areas was relatively high, and its reduction was limited. Areas with lower habitat quality need approaches such as expanding greenery and improving its quality. By establishing appropriate land-use plans by predicting habitat quality, wildlife habitats can be better maintained and protected, which is a primary goal of green infrastructure.
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Peterken, G. F. "Natural features in the management of upland conifer forests." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 93, no. 1-2 (1987): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000006424.
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SynopsisUpland conifer afforestation has been a major factor in environmental change, and there is every prospect that further afforestation will take place. How can we best develop the existing forests as wildlife habitats? And, if afforestation is to continue, where should further plantations be placed? This paper considers some general aspects of forest habitat design, using the structure and dynamics of natural boreal-temperate conifer forests as its primary reference point.
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Turyahabwe, Remigio, Joyfred Asaba, Andrew Mulabbi, and Makoba Gudoyi Paul. "Sustainable Human-Wildlife Conflict Management Strategies Around Busitema Central Forest Reserve, Eastern Uganda." East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry 3, no. 1 (October 4, 2021): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.3.1.423.
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The study aimed at establishing sustainable Human-wildlife co-existence strategies to help settle the conflicts existing between humans and wildlife living around Busitema Central Forest Reserve. To achieve this, we first examined the nature of the existing conflicts which helped us to come up with conflict-specific co-existence strategies. We used questionnaires, interviews and focused group discussions, where the information obtained was confirmed by field observations. The data was then analysed using simple descriptive statistics like percentages, means and standard deviations. Results indicated that primates (baboons and monkeys) dominated the conflicting list of wildlife with humans followed by rodents while carnivores were the least reported. Crop raiding (100%), livestock and poultry predation (36%) were the most dominant conflicts reported posed to man while habitat destruction (40%) and road accidents (26%) were the biggest conflict man has posed on wildlife. Equitable compensation (10±0.0) and community involvement in conservation (8±1.4) dominated the sustainable Human-Wildlife co-existence strategies suggested by local communities. It was concluded that, involvement of local communities in wildlife conservation should be prioritized and areas surrounding the protected forest area should be planted with crops such as tea and trees such as eucalyptus (woodlots) that are not affected by wildlife but rather are enhancers of wildlife habitats
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Gifford, Tyler S., John M. Zobel, and Lindsey M. Shartell. "Modeling Potential Changes in Rare Species Habitat from Planned Timber Harvest in Minnesota, USA." Forests 13, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020216.
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In 2018, the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources conducted the Sustainable Timber Harvest Analysis that resulted in the 10-year Stand Exam List (SEL). The SEL includes stands that will be assessed for potential management action from 2021 to 2030, but the location, number, and impact of stands actually harvested remains unknown. This study sought to use modeling to assess potential habitat changes from the SEL for five threatened, endangered, or special concern wildlife species. Three simulation scenarios captured the potential range of harvest from the SEL, and the Wildlife Habitat Indicator for Native Genera and Species model assessed associated habitat changes. The most realistic simulation scenario resulted in statistically insignificant habitat changes of less than ±6%, while two scenarios providing the upper and lower extremes of harvest resulted in statistically significant changes for one species each. Scenarios that resulted in less harvest and more mature forests benefited the five species, reflecting their habitat preferences. The tempering of habitat change values in the most realistic simulation scenario provides evidence for forest management tradeoffs between different wildlife species habitat requirements, as well as other forest resource management objectives.
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Zhang, Lu, Tian Dong, Weihua Xu, and Zhiyun Ouyang. "Assessment of habitat fragmentation caused by traffic networks and identifying key affected areas to facilitate rare wildlife conservation in China." Wildlife Research 42, no. 3 (2015): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14124.
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Context Traffic network construction is an essential method for enhancing the effectiveness of economic activities, but it can have various negative impacts on rare wildlife. In China, the rate of road construction has increased by over 300% during the past decade; however, the resulting fragmentation of rare habitats at a national scale remains uncertain. Aims This study mainly aimed to evaluate the impacts of road and railway networks on the fragmentation of habitats of endangered species in China. Another aim is to identify the key areas and road sections where improvements to habitat connectivity and integrity are urgently required. Methods We documented habitat information for 21 indicator species on the basis of two comprehensive datasets and over 120 previous studies. We combined this information to simulate the habitats of all these species by integrating a conceptual model and expert knowledge. We calculated the rates of change on the basis of three geometric habitat patterns for each species in traffic-clearing scenarios and road- and railway-overlay scenarios. An optimal algorithm, the core-area zonation cell-removal rule, was used to identify rare habitats affected by severe traffic stress. Key results According to our analysis, we ranked the road density in the habitats of all species as a straightforward evaluation of transportation stress. Among the different species considered, snow leopard (Panthera uncia), Cabot’s tragopan (Tragopan caboti) and Przewalski’s gazelle (Procapra przewalskii) appeared to be affected most severely by road-induced fragmentation. In addition, we classified five patterns of habitat fragmentation among species to facilitate wildlife management. On the basis of the trade-off between road density and conservation value per unit, we identified 17 unit sets as key traffic-affected areas, including 40 highways, 62 national roads and 51 railway sections. Conclusions Our results suggested that assessing the distributions of several key species can be effective in evaluating the impacts of roads on rare-wildlife habitats in China. Our results also indicated that the habitats of narrowly distributed species, such as Chinese alligator and Sichuan partridge, have high traffic densities, but core habitat degradation is even more serious for the habitats of species with higher intrinsic mobility or greater area requirements. Finally, we suggest that future conservation programs and restoration efforts should concentrate on roads or railway sections in the key areas that we identified. Implications In the present study, we obtained spatially explicit findings related to the maintenance of rare wildlife in a region where wildlife-protection information is lacking. Our site-selection results can be used to allocate highly limited conservation resources in a more efficient and effective manner, to facilitate wildlife protection in this region.
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Kija, Hamza K., Joseph O. Ogutu, Lazaro J. Mangewa, John Bukombe, Francesca Verones, Bente J. Graae, Jafari R. Kideghesho, Mohammed Y. Said, and Emmanuel F. Nzunda. "Spatio-Temporal Changes in Wildlife Habitat Quality in the Greater Serengeti Ecosystem." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 2440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062440.
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Understanding habitat quality and its dynamics is imperative for maintaining healthy wildlife populations and ecosystems. We mapped and evaluated changes in habitat quality (1975–2015) in the Greater Serengeti Ecosystem of northern Tanzania using the Integrated Valuation of Environmental Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model. This is the first habitat quality assessment of its kind for this ecosystem. We characterized changes in habitat quality in the ecosystem and in a 30 kilometer buffer area. Four habitat quality classes (poor, low, medium and high) were identified and their coverage quantified. Overall (1975–2015), habitat quality declined over time but at rates that were higher for habitats with lower protection level or lower initial quality. As a result, habitat quality deteriorated the most in the unprotected and human-dominated buffer area surrounding the ecosystem, at intermediate rates in the less heavily protected Wildlife Management Areas, Game Controlled Areas, Game Reserves and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area and the least in the most heavily protected Serengeti National Park. The deterioration in habitat quality over time was attributed primarily to anthropogenic activities and major land use policy changes. Effective implementation of land use plans, robust and far-sighted institutional arrangements, adaptive legal and policy instruments are essential to sustaining high habitat quality in contexts of rapid human population growth.
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Smith, Winston P., and Patrick A. Zollner. "Sustainable management of wildlife habitat and risk of extinction." Biological Conservation 125, no. 3 (October 2005): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2005.03.021.
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Widows, Steffenie A., and David Drake. "Evaluating the National Wildlife Federation's Certified Wildlife Habitat™ program." Landscape and Urban Planning 129 (September 2014): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.05.005.
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Bothwell, Karin, Mindy S. Crandall, and Amber M. Roth. "Silviculture for Deer and Timber: A Multiple-Use Policy Analysis Reveals Important Implementation Barriers." Forests 12, no. 11 (October 21, 2021): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12111436.
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Policies that attempt to balance timber production with non-market values that forests provide are common across the United States. Such is the case in northern Maine, USA, where management of critical areas of mature softwood-dominated forest are regulated through the State’s primary wildlife management agency. We use a case study approach with qualitative and quantitative analyses to understand the persistent difficulties encountered by both forest and wildlife managers when implementing this policy. Interviews with foresters and wildlife biologists established the management parameters, and simulated management scenarios compared forest management outcomes with respect to both financial and wildlife habitat provision goals. The model results indicated that there are opportunities for comparable revenues within regulated habitat areas as without, although the returns varied due to legacy of previous management and species composition. More importantly, the interviews revealed that differing habitat metrics used by foresters and biologists are a barrier to communication and management planning, and thus also a barrier to effective policy implementation. We close with thoughts on the applicability of both the methods and results to other situations where an understanding of multiple-use forest policy implementation is desired.
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Lott, Casey A., Michael E. Akresh, Bridgett E. Costanzo, Anthony W. D’Amato, Shengwu Duan, Cameron J. Fiss, Jacob S. Fraser, et al. "Do Review Papers on Bird–Vegetation Relationships Provide Actionable Information to Forest Managers in the Eastern United States?" Forests 12, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12080990.
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Forest management planning requires the specification of measurable objectives as desired future conditions at spatial extents ranging from stands to landscapes and temporal extents ranging from a single growing season to several centuries. Effective implementation of forest management requires understanding current conditions and constraints well enough to apply the appropriate silvicultural strategies to produce desired future conditions, often for multiple objectives, at varying spatial and temporal extents. We administered an online survey to forest managers in the eastern US to better understand how wildlife scientists could best provide information to help meet wildlife-related habitat objectives. We then examined more than 1000 review papers on bird–vegetation relationships in the eastern US compiled during a systematic review of the primary literature to see how well this evidence-base meets the information needs of forest managers. We identified two main areas where wildlife scientists could increase the relevance and applicability of their research. First, forest managers want descriptions of wildlife species–vegetation relationships using the operational metrics of forest management (forest type, tree species composition, basal area, tree density, stocking rates, etc.) summarized at the operational spatial units of forest management (stands, compartments, and forests). Second, forest managers want information about how to provide wildlife habitats for many different species with varied habitat needs across temporal extents related to the ecological processes of succession after harvest or natural disturbance (1–2 decades) or even longer periods of stand development. We provide examples of review papers that meet these information needs of forest managers and topic-specific bibliographies of additional review papers that may contain actionable information for foresters who wish to meet wildlife management objectives. We suggest that wildlife scientists become more familiar with the extensive grey literature on forest bird–vegetation relationships and forest management that is available in natural resource management agency reports. We also suggest that wildlife scientists could reconsider everything from the questions they ask, the metrics they report on, and the way they allocate samples in time and space, to provide more relevant and actionable information to forest managers.
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Trisurat, Yongyut, Anak Pattanavibool, George A. Gale, and David H. Reed. "Improving the viability of large-mammal populations by using habitat and landscape models to focus conservation planning." Wildlife Research 37, no. 5 (2010): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr09110.
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Context. Assessing the viability of animal populations in the wild is difficult or impossible, primarily because of limited data. However, there is an urgent need to develop methods for estimating population sizes and improving the viability of target species. Aims. To define suitable habitat for sambar (Cervus unicolor), banteng (Bos javanicus), gaur (Bos gaurus), Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and tiger (Panthera tigris) in the Western Forest Complex, Thailand, and to assess their current status as well as estimate how the landscape needs to be managed to maintain viable populations. Methods. The present paper demonstrates a method for combining a rapid ecological assessment, landscape indices, GIS-based wildlife-habitat models, and knowledge of minimum viable population sizes to guide landscape-management decisions and improve conservation outcomes through habitat restoration. Key results. The current viabilities for gaur and elephant are fair, whereas they are poor for tiger and banteng. However, landscape quality outside the current distributions was relatively intact for all species, ranging from moderate to high levels of connectivity. In addition, the population viability for sambar is very good under the current and desired conditions. Conclusions. If managers in this complex wish to upgrade the viabilities of gaur, elephant, tiger and banteng within the next 10 years, park rangers and stakeholders should aim to increase the amount of usable habitat by ~2170 km2 or 17% of existing suitable habitats. The key strategies are to reduce human pressures, enhance ungulate habitats and increase connectivity of suitable habitats outside the current distributions. Implications. The present paper provides a particularly useful method for managers and forest-policy planners for assessing and managing habitat suitability for target wildlife and their population viability in protected-area networks where knowledge of the demographic attributes (e.g. birth and death rates) of wildlife populations are too limited to perform population viability analysis.
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Chabot, Dominique, and David M. Bird. "Wildlife research and management methods in the 21st century: Where do unmanned aircraft fit in?" Journal of Unmanned Vehicle Systems 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2015-0021.
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Since the turn of the century, emerging unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) have found increasingly diverse applications in wildlife science as convenient, very high-resolution remote sensing devices. Achieved or conceptualized applications include optical surveying and observation of animals, autonomous wildlife telemetry tracking, and habitat research and monitoring. As the technology continues to progress and interest from the wildlife science community grows, there may yet be much untapped potential for UAS to contribute to the discipline. We present a review of the published primary literature on the application of UAS in wildlife science and related fields. This is followed by a systematic review of the broader wildlife science literature published since the turn of the century to assess where UAS are likely to make important contributions going forward based on the trends that have emerged thus far. UAS, in particular small lightweight models, are generally well suited for collecting data at an intermediate spatial scale between what is easily coverable on the ground and what is economically coverable with conventional aircraft. They are particularly useful for monitoring wildlife and habitats in places that are difficult to access or navigate from the ground, as well as approaching sensitive or aggressive species.
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Anderson, Robert J. "Bald Eagles and Forest Management." Forestry Chronicle 61, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc61189-2.
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Current management of known bald eagle nesting habitat on Weyerhaeuser Company lands in Oregon and Washington states is described. Observations of continued nesting productivity indicate that with careful planning successful integration of forest and eagle habitat management is achievable. Forest management programs can provide nesting habitat concurrent with the production of forest products by manipulation of forest stand structure using site-specific management plans. Factors to be considered in maintaining suitable nesting habitat relate to the specific location and prominence of the area relative to the surroundings and tree crown conditions within areas of potential eagle use. Management for nesting habitat must be directed towards the entire potential nesting site, rather than at individual nest trees for maintenance of successful eagle nesting. Key words: Bald eagle, wildlife management, forest management, endangered species.