Academic literature on the topic 'Wild behavior testing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Wild behavior testing"
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BRONIKOWSKI, A., and D. PROMISLOW. "Testing evolutionary theories of aging in wild populations." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 20, no. 6 (June 2005): 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2005.03.011.
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COLTMAN, DAVID W. "Testing marker-based estimates of heritability in the wild." Molecular Ecology 14, no. 8 (July 2005): 2593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02600.x.
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CHARMANTIER, A., and B. SHELDON. "Testing genetic models of mate choice evolution in the wild." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 21, no. 8 (August 2006): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2006.06.001.
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Ihara, Yasuo, D. Anthony Collins, Ryo Oda, and Akiko Matsumoto-Oda. "Testing socially mediated estrous synchrony or asynchrony in wild baboons." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 70, no. 11 (August 22, 2016): 1921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00265-016-2198-8.
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Ferrari, Caterina, Cristian Pasquaretta, Claudio Carere, Elena Cavallone, Achaz von Hardenberg, and Denis Réale. "Testing for the presence of coping styles in a wild mammal." Animal Behaviour 85, no. 6 (June 2013): 1385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2013.03.030.
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Gosden, T. P., J. R. Thomson, M. W. Blows, A. Schaul, and S. F. Chenoweth. "Testing for a genetic response to sexual selection in a wild Drosophila population." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 29, no. 6 (March 7, 2016): 1278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12851.
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Schroder, R., M. D. Graf, J. Jochum, G. Rode, J. Schemmel, and I. Thimm. "Testing the Effects of a Regionalized Seed Production on the Germination Behavior of Wild Plant Species." Ecological Restoration 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.31.3.295.
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Rincon, Alan V., Laëtitia Maréchal, Stuart Semple, Bonaventura Majolo, and Ann MacLarnon. "Correlates of androgens in wild male Barbary macaques: Testing the challenge hypothesis." American Journal of Primatology 79, no. 10 (August 17, 2017): e22689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.22689.
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Kimberling, Diana N., Eric R. Scott, and Peter W. Price. "Testing a new hypothesis: plant vigor and phylloxera distribution on wild grape in Arizona." Oecologia 84, no. 1 (August 1990): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00665587.
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DePasquale, Allegra N., Shasta E. Webb, Rachel E. Williamson, Linda M. Fedigan, and Amanda D. Melin. "Testing the niche differentiation hypothesis in wild capuchin monkeys with polymorphic color vision." Behavioral Ecology 32, no. 4 (March 22, 2021): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arab001.
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Abstract The polymorphic color vision system present in most North, Central, and South American monkeys is a textbook case of balancing selection, yet the mechanism behind it remains poorly understood. Previous work has established task-specific foraging advantages to different color vision phenotypes: dichromats (red-green colorblind) are more efficient foraging for invertebrates, while trichromats (color “normal” relative to humans) are more efficient foraging for “reddish” ripe fruit, suggesting that niche differentiation may underlie the maintenance of color vision variation. We explore a prediction of the niche differentiation hypothesis by asking whether dichromatic and trichromatic capuchin monkeys (Cebus imitator) diverge in their foraging activity budget, specifically testing whether dichromats forage more frequently for invertebrates and trichromats forage more frequently for “reddish” ripe fruit. To assess this, we analyze a large data set of behavioral scan samples (n = 21 984) from 48 wild adult female capuchins of known color vision genotype, dominance rank, and reproductive status, together with models of food conspicuity. We find no significant differences between dichromats and trichromats in the frequency of scans spent foraging for different food types but do find that nursing females forage less overall than cycling females. Our results suggest that the potential for color-vision-based niche differentiation in foraging time may be curtailed by the energetic requirements of reproduction, behavioral synchrony caused by group living, and/or individual preferences. While niche differentiation in activity budgets by color vision type is not apparent, fine-scale niche differentiation may be occurring. This research enhances our understanding of the evolutionary processes maintaining sensory polymorphisms.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wild behavior testing"
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Reynolds, Thomas Peter Shillito. "Dynamic behaviour of dowel-type connections under in-service vibration." Thesis, University of Bath, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608327.
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This study investigated the vibration serviceability of timber structures with dowel-type connections. It addressed the use of such connections in cutting-edge timber structures such as multi-storey buildings and long-span bridges, in which the light weight and flexibility of the structure make it possible that vibration induced by dynamic forces such as wind or footfall may cause discomfort to occupants or users of the structure, or otherwise impair its intended use. The nature of the oscillating force imposed on connections by this form of vibration was defined based on literature review and the use of established mathematical models. This allowed the appropriate cyclic load to be applied in experimental work on the most basic component of a dowel-type connection: a steel dowel embedding into a block of timber. A model for the stiffness of the timber in embedment under this cyclic load was developed based on an elastic stress function, which could then be used as the basis of a model for a complete connector. Nonlinear and time-dependent behaviour was also observed in embedment, and a simple rheological model incorporating elastic, viscoelastic and plastic elements was fitted to the measured response to cyclic load. Observations of the embedment response of the timber were then used to explain features of the behaviour of complete single- and multiple-dowel connections under cyclic load representative of in-service vibration. Complete portal frames and cantilever beams were tested under cyclic load, and a design method was derived for predicting the stiffness of such structures, using analytical equations based on the model for embedment behaviour. In each cyclic load test the energy dissipation in the specimen, which contributes to the damping in a complete structure, was measured. The analytical model was used to predict frictional energy dissipation in embedment, which was shown to make a significant contribution to damping in single-dowel connections. Based on the experimental results and analysis, several defining aspects of the dynamic response of the complete structures, such as a reduction of natural frequency with increased amplitude of applied load, were related to the observed and modelled embedment behaviour of the connections.
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Zajac, Richard. "From Rainman to Rainmaker: A Presentation of Jim’s Journey and Rapidly Advancing Technologies: Integrating Proven Behavioral Therapies with Emergent Measurement and Testing Advances Will Result in Transformational Progress in Autistic Individuals." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1344.
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The autism treatment status quo was reviewed and accompanied by a narrative contextualizing past and present progress with my younger brother Jim’s journey with the condition, sharing proposed next steps for bettering the current state of affairs in the space. The impetus for this piece was to share in the lessons of Jim’s life thus far and the revelations of those who have supported him, as well as to determine ways to create more impactful, lasting change in the limited window of early intervention therapy whilst empowering individuals on the spectrum to optimize for their skills and talents rather than just simply mitigating the downsides of autism spectrum disorder. Feedback as to how to improve the prevailing course of treatment: (education and therapy) was solicited by leading experts in the fields of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Electroencephalography (EEG), and autism more generally in the context of politics, insurability, and savant syndrome and splinter skills. The advice of the various vertical experts were synthesized and distilled into a new proposed course of treatment which were submitted to all respective experts for further feedback and review prior to publication. It was discovered that there is significant feedback to suggest that the prevailing wisdom that splinter skills and savant syndrome are found in a small minority of individuals with autism spectrum disorder may not be true and that further research is warranted that would implement the new proposed course of treatment and attempt to unlock the talents and gifts of these individuals consistent with the success we encountered raising Jim. While our methods were resource-intensive and conducted manually with many hours of intensive in-home therapy, there is significant feedback to suggest that a technology-driven approach to reforming autism treatment would achieve same or greater results with far fewer resources in the near and long term. By unlocking the greatest minds of our society (the majority of savants have historically been autistic) to take on the greatest challenges of our time, we can rapidly accelerate the progress of humanity and exponentially better the trajectory of society’s future at the global scale.
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Lukaszewicz, Piotr. "Energy Consumption and Running Time for Trains : modelling of running resistance and driver behaviour based on full scale testing." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3185.
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Van, Der Meer Ester. "Is the grass greener on the other side? : testing the ecological trap hypothesis for African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in and around Hwange National Park." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10095/document.
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Lorsque des animaux montrent un choix préférentiel pour un habitat à effet puits, on dit alors qu’ils sont capturés par un piège écologique. La sélection de l’habitat est bénéfique dans les systèmes classiques de type source-puits, puisque les animaux vivant dans des habitats de haute qualité (natalité>mortalité), choisissent de migrer vers des habitats de faible qualité (natalitéWhen animals show a preferential choice for sink habitat they are said to have been caught in an ecological trap. Habitat choice behaviour is beneficial in classic source-sink systems, as animals living in high quality habitat (natality>mortality) only choose to migrate into low quality habitat (natality
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Keller, Philipp. "Wind induced torsional fatigue behavior of truss bridge verticals." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30345.
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The Astoria-Megler Bridge is a 6.6 kilometer (4.1 mile) long bridge, connecting Oregon and Washington on US 101, with a continuous steel truss main span of 376 m (1232 ft). It is the second longest main span bridge of this type in the world. Due to vortex shedding, some of the long truss verticals exhibit wind-induced torsional vibrations. These vibrations can create large numbers of repeated stress cycles in the truss verticals and the gusset plate assemblies. The members and connections were not designed for such conditions and the impact of this behavior on the service life of the bridge is uncertain.
A full-scale representation of one of the truss verticals observed to exhibit such wind induced torsional response was fabricated and tested in the Structural Engineering Research Laboratory at Oregon State University. Experimental data of the rotational behavior and the stress distribution along the vertical were collected using inclinometers, an angular rate sensor, and uniaxial and rosette strain gages. The data collected were compared with existing analytical methods and predictions from finite element models. The observed experimental results including twist angle, stress distribution, and stress magnitude were well captured by both the finite element model and the analytical equations. Using analytical expressions, the fatigue lives of the existing bridge verticals were predicted based on assumed storm duration and recurrence.Graduation date: 2013
Books on the topic "Wild behavior testing"
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Kern, Margaret L., and Howard S. Friedman. Health Psychology. Edited by Thomas A. Widiger. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352487.013.2.
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As research on personality and health has moved to developing multitrait, multioutcome models, the five factor approach has shown excellent utility for understanding health, including physical and mental health, longevity, cognitive function, social competence, and productivity. Drawing on a growing arsenal of advanced statistical techniques, studies are testing complex models to explain how personality influences health. Health behaviors, social situations, physiological changes, and various indirect and moderating factors are important pathways connecting personality and health, and reciprocally influence one another. Future personality research will benefit from interdisciplinary approaches, including integrative data analyses of archival data, big data analyses, neuroscientific approaches, and lifespan epidemiology. Bringing together different types of data, innovative methods, and well-specified theories offers the potential to understand the personality–health model in ways never before imagined. Identifying pathways and key factors in turn will inform effective intervention to help more people live healthier, more productive lives.
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Shaibani, Aziz. Pseudoneurologic Syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0022.
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The term functional has almost replaced psychogenic in the neuromuscular literature for two reasons. It implies a disturbance of function, not structural damage; therefore, it defies laboratory testing such as MRIS, electromyography (EMG), and nerve conduction study (NCS). It is convenient to draw a parallel to the patients between migraine and brain tumors, as both cause headache, but brain MRI is negative in the former without minimizing the suffering of the patient. It is a “software” and not a “hardware” problem. It avoids irritating the patient by misunderstanding the word psychogenic which to many means “madness.”The cause of this functional impairment may fall into one of the following categories:• Conversion reaction: conversion of psychological stress to physical symptoms. This may include paralysis, hemisensory or distal sensory loss, or conversion spasms. It affects younger age groups.• Somatization: chronic multiple physical and cognitive symptoms due to chronic stress. It affects older age groups.• Factions disorder: induced real physical symptoms due to the need to be cared for, such as injecting oneself with insulin to produce hypoglycemia.• Hypochondriasis: overconcern about body functions such as suspicion of ALS due to the presence of rare fasciclutations that are normal during stress and after ingestion of a large amount of coffee. Medical students in particular are targets for this disorder.The following points are to be made on this topic. FNMD should be diagnosed by neuromuscular specialists who are trained to recognize actual syndrome whether typical or atypical. Presentations that fall out of the recognition pattern of a neuromuscular specialist, after the investigations are negative, they should be considered as FNMDs. Sometimes serial examinations are useful to confirm this suspicion. Psychatrists or psychologists are to be consulted to formulate a plan to discover the underlying stress and to treat any associated psychiatric disorder or psychological aberration. Most patients think that they are stressed due to the illness and they fail to connect the neuromuscular manifestations and the underlying stress. They offer shop around due to lack of satisfaction, especially those with somatization disorders. Some patients learn how to imitate certain conditions well, and they can deceive health care professionals. EMG and NCS are invaluable in revealing FNMD. A normal needle EMG of a weak muscles mostly indicates a central etiology (organic or functional). Normal sensory responses of a severely numb limb mean that a lesion is preganglionic (like roots avulsion, CISP, etc.) or the cause is central (a doral column lesion or functional). Management of FNMD is difficult, and many patients end up being chronic cases that wander into clinics and hospitals seeking solutions and exhausting the health care system with unnecessary expenses.It is time for these disorders to be studied in detail and be classified and have criteria set for their diagnosis so that they will not remain diagnosed only by exclusion. This chapter will describe some examples of these disorders. A video clip can tell the story better than many pages of writing. Improvement of digital cameras and electronic media has improved the diagnosis of these conditions, and it is advisable that patients record some of their symptoms when they happen. It is not uncommon for some Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs), such as myasthenia gravis (MG), small fiber neuropathy, and CISP, to be diagnosed as functional due to the lack of solid physical findings during the time of the examination. Therefore, a neuromuscular evaluation is important before these disorders are labeled as such. Some patients have genuine NMDs, but the majority of their symptoms are related to what Joseph Marsden called “sickness behavior.” A patient with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may unconsciously develop numbness of the entire side of the body because he thinks that he may have a stroke.
Book chapters on the topic "Wild behavior testing"
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Hashemi, Ali, Jinwoo Jang, and Shahrokh Hosseini-Hashemi. "Semi-Analytical Analysis for Dynamic Behaviors of Wind Turbine Blades Using Transfer Function Methods." In Topics in Modal Analysis & Testing, Volume 8, 33–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75996-4_5.
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Stark, Philip B., and Ran Xie. "They May Look and Look, Yet Not See: BMDs Cannot be Tested Adequately." In Electronic Voting, 122–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15911-4_8.
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AbstractBugs, misconfiguration, and malware can cause ballot-marking devices (BMDs) to print incorrect votes. Several approaches to testing BMDs have been proposed. In logic and accuracy testing (LAT) and parallel or live testing, auditors input known test votes into the BMD and check whether the printout matches. Passive testing monitors the rate at which voters “spoil” BMD printout, on the theory that if BMDs malfunction, the rate will increase noticeably. We provide lower bounds that show that these approaches cannot reliably detect outcome-altering problems, because: (i) The number of possible voter interactions with BMDs is enormous, so testing interactions uniformly at random is hopeless. (ii) To probe the space of interactions intelligently requires an accurate model of voter behavior, but because the space of interactions is so large, building a sufficiently accurate model requires observing an enormous number of voters in every jurisdiction in every election—more voters than there are in most U.S. jurisdictions. (iii) Even with a perfect model of voter behavior, the required number of tests exceeds the number of voters in most U.S. jurisdictions. (iv) An attacker can target interactions that are intrinsically expensive to test, e.g., because they involve voting slowly; or interactions for which tampering is less likely to be noticed, e.g., because the voter uses the audio interface. (v) Whether BMDs misbehave or not, the distribution of spoiled ballots is unknown and varies by election and possibly by ballot style: historical data do not help much. Hence, there is no way to calibrate a threshold for passive testing, e.g., to guarantee at least a 95% chance of noticing that 5% of the votes were altered, with at most a 5% false alarm rate. (vi) Even if the distribution of spoiled ballots were known to be Poisson, the vast majority of jurisdictions do not have enough voters for passive testing to have a large chance of detecting problems but only a small chance of false alarms.
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Biewer, Sebastian, Bernd Finkbeiner, Holger Hermanns, Maximilian A. Köhl, Yannik Schnitzer, and Maximilian Schwenger. "RTLola on Board: Testing Real Driving Emissions on your Phone." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 365–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72013-1_20.
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AbstractThis paper is about shipping runtime verification to the masses. It presents the crucial technology enabling everyday car owners to monitor the behaviour of their cars in-the-wild. Concretely, we present an Android app that deploys rtlola runtime monitors for the purpose of diagnosing automotive exhaust emissions. For this, it harvests the availability of cheap bluetooth adapters to the On-Board-Diagnostics (obd) ports, which are ubiquitous in cars nowadays. We detail its use in the context of Real Driving Emissions (rde) tests and report on sample runs that helped identify violations of the regulatory framework currently valid in the European Union.
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Boinski, Sue. "Geographic Variation in Behavior of a Primate Taxon: Stress Responses as a Proximate Mechanism in the Evolution of Social Behavior." In Geographic Variation in Behavior. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195082951.003.0009.
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Temperament is a complex behavioral trait that describes characteristic patterns of response to environmental, particularly social, conditions and perturbations. Disparities in the tendency to approach or avoid novelty or readiness to engage in aggressive interactions have been documented in comparisons between species (Christian 1970), subspecies (Gonzalez et al. 1981), populations within species (Champoux et al. 1994), inbred lines of laboratory animals (Scott and Fuller 1965), domesticated versus wild populations (Price 1984), and individuals within a species (Benus et al. 1992). Differences in physiological stress response systems (Selye 1937) are commonly identified as an important proximate mechanism underlying these temperament differences (Huntingford and Turner 1987, Kagan et al. 1988). Social systems of animals are perceived as emerging from relationships between individuals (Hinde 1983). Individual interactions, in turn, are hypothesized to reflect individual behavioral strategies which maximize inclusive fitness (Silk 1987). Selection on a physiological system, which can dramatically affect the pattern and outcomes of individual interactions, could produce evolutionary change in social organization and social behavior. Many workers explicitly suggest that temperament differences among primate species are adaptive in many instances, yet admit that the specific ecological and social selection pressures to which the neuroendocrine system is responding are often unclear (Thierry 1985, Clarke et al. 1988, Richard et al. 1989). Species-level comparisons have not offered many testable comparative models, probably because of confounding effects such as large phylogentic distances or uncertain phylogeny, inadequate knowledge of ecological and social conditions in the wild, drift, and convergent evolution. In short, little progress has been made toward understanding the evolution of stress-response patterns in primates. In this chapter I suggest that comparisons of geographically and genetically separated primate populations or subspecies may be an alternative and more successful approach to addressing the evolution of stress responses and the disparate social behaviors that result. Population and geographic comparisons are likely to be profitable for three reasons: (1) comparisons are less likely to be confounded by phylogenetic disparities (Arnold 1992), (2) the factors imposing different selective regimes among localities can perhaps be more readily identified, (3) hypothesis testing may be facilitated because populations suitable for testing a model will be easier to identify than new species.
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Kaikkonen, Kaikkonen, Anne, Anne, Aki Kekäläinen, Mikael Cankar, and Titti Kallio. "Will Laboratory Test Results be Valid in Mobile Contexts?" In Handbook of Research on User Interface Design and Evaluation for Mobile Technology, 897–909. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-871-0.ch053.
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The phenomena a usability test in the field reveals are different from those uncovered in a classical usability test conducted in a laboratory setting. Comparison studies show that these findings are more related to the user experience and user behaviour than usability and user interaction with the device. Testing in the field is a necessary part of the product development cycle, but the question is what and how to test. Duplicating a laboratory usability test method in the field may not make sense in many cases because the required extra effort does not result in comparable added value, as far as understanding user interaction. Studying user behaviour, on the other hand, requires a less controlled test setting.
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Chan, W. K., S. C. Cheung, and Karl R. P. H. Leung. "A Metamorphic Testing Approach for Online Testing of Service-Oriented Software Applications." In Software Applications, 2894–914. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-060-8.ch170.
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Testing the correctness of services assures the functional quality of service-oriented applications. A service-oriented application may bind dynamically to its supportive services. For the same service interface, the supportive services may behave differently. A service may also need to realize a business strategy, like best pricing, relative to the behavior of its counterparts and the dynamic market situations. Many existing works ignore these issues to address the problem of identifying failures from test results. This article proposes a metamorphic approach for online services testing. The off-line testing determines a set of successful test cases to construct their corresponding follow-up test cases for the online testing. These test cases will be executed by metamorphic services that encapsulate the services under test as well as the implementations of metamorphic relations. Thus, any failure revealed by the metamorphic testing approach will be due to the failures in the online testing mode. An experiment is included.
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Shevchenko, Dmitry, and Ellah Igoche Godwin. "The Effects of Behavioral Factors on the Creditworthiness of Small-Scale Enterprises." In Research Anthology on Small Business Strategies for Success and Survival, 362–76. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9155-0.ch018.
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This chapter uses the relationship between behavioral factors and the creditworthiness of small-scale enterprises to increase access of SMEs to credit facilities. The inability of several small businesses to secure loans cannot be overemphasized. Heuristics affecting entrepreneurs are explained in this chapter, and a regression model showing the dependence of creditworthiness on behavioral factors is proposed. If banks consider using psychometric tools in testing for creditworthiness of small-scale entrepreneurs, access to credit facilities will be significantly increased and businesses will flourish. Regressesion models such as the one explained in this chapter may be imbedded in psychometric tools to enhance creditworthiness testing and improve the quality of loans that banks give.
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Shevchenko, Dmitry, and Ellah Igoche Godwin. "The Effects of Behavioral Factors on the Creditworthiness of Small-Scale Enterprises." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics, 100–114. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3767-0.ch006.
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This chapter uses the relationship between behavioral factors and the creditworthiness of small-scale enterprises to increase access of SMEs to credit facilities. The inability of several small businesses to secure loans cannot be overemphasized. Heuristics affecting entrepreneurs are explained in this chapter, and a regression model showing the dependence of creditworthiness on behavioral factors is proposed. If banks consider using psychometric tools in testing for creditworthiness of small-scale entrepreneurs, access to credit facilities will be significantly increased and businesses will flourish. Regressesion models such as the one explained in this chapter may be imbedded in psychometric tools to enhance creditworthiness testing and improve the quality of loans that banks give.
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"Testing of Underground Power Cables." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 288–317. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6509-5.ch012.
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Probably 80% of all testing performed in electrical power systems is related to the verification of insulation quality. This chapter briefly describes the fundamental concepts of insulation testing including – insulation behavior, types of tests, and some test procedures. Most electrical equipment in utility, industrial, and commercial power systems uses either 50 or 60 Hz alternating current. Because of this, the use of an alternating current source to test insulation would appear to be the logical choice. However, as will be described a little later, insulation systems are extremely capacitive. For this and other reasons, DC has found a large niche in the technology. Before we can really evaluate the value of one system as opposed to the other (e.g. AC vs DC), let us examine how each type of voltage affects insulation. Testing of underground power cables are reported by NS161. (2014). IEC 6038. (1979). IEC Standard 60228. (1979). IEC60229. (2007). IEC60230. (1974). IEC60233. (1981). IEC 60332 (1974). IEC 6071 (2008). IEC 60270. (2000), IEC 60287. (2002).
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Doleys, Daniel M., and Nicholas D. Doleys. "No Way That’s My Drug Screen." In Psychological and Psychiatric Issues in Patients with Chronic Pain, edited by Daniel M. Doleys and Nicholas D. Doleys, 147–56. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197544631.003.0017.
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In the process of treating patients with for chronic pain with opioid type medications, the use of urine drug screens (UDS) is considered the standard of care. The frequency with which a UDS is obtained varies across different guidelines and states/medical boards. It is often associated with dosage, risk for aberrant drug behavior assessment, and ongoing compliance. Most clinicians will obtain a UDS two to four times per year, unless the circumstances require otherwise. In general, the point-of care UDS lacks the sensitivity and specificity of confirmatory testing. The prescribing clinician should (i) be familiar with various types of testing, (ii) create a relationship the testing lab performing the confirmatory testing, and (iii) acquire basic interpretation skills. Clinical decisions should be postponed pending the results of confirmatory testing. False positives, and false negatives, do occur. It behooves the clinician to have “all their ducks in row” before confronting the patient and to accurately document the consultation and decision-making process. In some instances, discontinuation of therapy may be necessary and appropriate. Other cases may be subject to remediation.
Conference papers on the topic "Wild behavior testing"
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Simpson, Andrew, Suzanne Smith, and Jamey Jacob. "Aeroelastic Behavior of Inflatable Wings: Wind Tunnel and Flight Testing." In 45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-1069.
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Joosse, P. A., D. R. V. van Delft, Chr Kensche, D. Soendergaard, R. M. van den Berg, and F. Hagg. "Cost Effective Large Blade Components by Using Carbon Fibres." In ASME 2002 Wind Energy Symposium. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wind2002-27.
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Due to the increasing size of wind turbine rotors, especially for offshore wind turbines, the power output and the blade mass are becoming more important. A new type of cheaper carbon fibres is expected to result in a lower blade mass and marginally cheaper blades. In a Joule-funded project, the possibilities for economic use of carbon fibres is determined by establishing material design data, analysing production methods, developing cost-effective blade root joints and assessing blade and turbine costs. The R&D project will be finalised by the end of 2001. Up to now, production processes and promising material combinations have been reviewed, tested and ranked. Basic material design data have been established for the two most-promising material combinations. Due to disappointing fatigue results on Panex/VE, additional testing on four large-tow laminates was performed. The fatigue properties of these showed to be consistent. Later testing on a similar Panex/epoxy laminate, however, revealed much better fatigue behaviour. Joint development and cost assessment are underway and show promising results.
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Grant, Peter, Jay Burch, and Moncef Krarti. "Behavior and Testing Performance of a Gas Tankless Water Heater." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54868.
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Tankless water heaters present an opportunity to dramatically reduce water heating energy use. These impacts are possible because of their dramatic reduction of environmental losses through lower heat transfer areas and not keeping the heat exchanger at operating temperature between draws. The potential for energy savings has caused a lot of interest in the scientific community. However, the scientific community has not yet gained an understanding of these devices and several questions regarding their behavior remain. The areas of uncertainty include the following: 1) how these heaters behave around the minimum flow rate, 2) how well they adapt to changes in water flow rate, 3) how they behave in situations with preheated water (i.e. when used with solar water heaters) and 4) whether or not draw characteristics impact the steady state efficiency. Tests have been performed on a Rinnai R75Lsi to determine the answers to these questions for a specific heater. Tests were performed with 1) gradually changing flow rate to identify the minimum flow rate, 2) rapidly adjusting the flow rate to observe how the heater responded to suddenly changing draws, 3) temperature-flow combinations such that the minimum heat rate exceeded the required heat rate, and 4) draws under steady state conditions with varying flow rates and set temperatures. Minimum flow rate results indicate that the heater will not fire unless the flow rate surpasses 2.8 L/min and will cease firing if the flow rate decreases below 2.15 L/min while the owners manual states that the minimum flow rate is 2.3 L/min. Rapidly changing flow rate results indicate that there can be temperature fluctuations up to 9 °C and unsteady operation for up to 1 minute depending on the magnitude of the flow rate change. Tests with preheated inlet water showed that the heater uses feedback controls to avoid unstable operation at low heat rates. Steady state efficiency tests did not identify any variables which impact efficiency. Future work should include testing additional units to determine how other heaters, particularly those not manufactured by Rinnai, behave in similar situations.
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Lee, Jun-Seong, Dong-Kyu Lee, Juho Lee, and Jae-Hung Han. "Limit-Cycle Oscillation Suppression of Bioinspired Ornithopter: Wind Tunnel Testing." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5028.
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This study experimentally shows that an oscillatory behavior observed in a trim flight of an ornithopter has a stable limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) characteristics and that the magnitude of the LCO in body pitch dynamics can be suppressed by active tail motion. A free flight of the tested ornithopter is emulated in the wind tunnel using a specially devised tether that provides the minimal mechanical interference to the flight of ornithopter. Due to the symmetric wing motion in forward trim flight, the longitudinal flight dynamics is more focused than the lateral one. The non-contact type sensors are used to measure the time histories of the flight state variables such as wing and tail motions, body pitch angle, and altitude. The tail motion for the pitch LCO reduction is achieved by two actuators: 1) Servo motor for the rigid-body motion of the tail elevation angle, and 2) Macro-Fiber Composite strain actuator for the elastic deformation of the tail camber. The performances of the LCO suppressions are compared in the root-mean-square-error sense and the harmonically activated in-phase tail motion linked to wing motion is observed to effectively reduce the pitch LCO.
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Candelino, Nicholas, and Nader Jalili. "Dynamic Characterization of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Pads for Materials Handling Applications." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60342.
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Vertically-aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) pads have recently received widespread attention for use as contact surfaces in material handling processes that involve the transfer of bare silicon wafers. Such processes will benefit from the strong friction force interactions and minimal adhesion force offered by these pads, allowing the wafer to be picked up, carried, and quickly placed, without encountering problems which may arise due to excessive adhesive forces. Despite these benefits, practical implementation has been hindered because VACNTs have nonlinear mechanical characteristics which are still not well understood. Consequently, significant attention has been devoted to fully understand and determine the behaviors associated with their nonlinear dynamic mechanical properties. Along this line, several experimental techniques are applied in this paper to further develop a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical behavior of these pads under compressive loading. It is important to note that the samples used in this testing are not standard VACNTs, but have been grown separately from the final substrate on which they are mounted during testing. After growth, the samples are turned upside-down and fixed so that the bottom ends of all VACNTs are planar and present an ultra-flat top surface for contact during manipulation. The tests performed in this research include a low energy impact test and position controlled load-displacement testing with both constant and sinusoidal velocity loading and unloading. Through these testing procedures, the dependencies of the VACNT material properties to compression depth and displacement rate are observed and an attempt is made to incorporate them into a continuous model. For this, the results from the low energy impact testing provide grounds to state the nature of the nonlinear behavior in our VACNTs. By interrogating the available data from each testing technique, a combination of information provided by the theoretical energy balance and the identified coefficients from the Levenberg-Marquardt curve-fitting algorithm is then applied to generate a parametrized phenomenological model of the VACNT pad behavior. The proposed identified model is continuous and reasonably accounts for the overall material behavior as seen in the experimental data. The validity of this model is shown by means of normalized vector correlation of over 99% between the results of the numerical simulations and the existing experimental data. The material behaviors observed in this research qualitatively support those of several earlier investigators who have previously recognized the complex dissipative behavior of VACNTs. The proposed work itself paves the road for developing a useful engineering model of VACNT pad dynamics which will enable their introduction to mechanical applications in industry.
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Champliaud, Henri, Zhengkun Feng, and Harald Bersee. "Three-Point Bending Testing of Sandwich Beams and Finite Element Comparison." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12440.
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The results of 3-point bending tests applied on 4 different types of composite beam structure and their comparison with Finite Element Modeling (FEM) are presented. Three different layups have been applied on rectangular and hexagonal foam cross sections. Experiments are realized and compared with FEM results in order to create a more confident design of an adaptive wind turbine blade that will be built using a foam core and a fiber glass/epoxy skin. Even if torsion loads and centrifugal loads are present on wind turbine blade during operation, the major loads are due to bending moments, so emphasis is put on 3-point bending tests of sandwich like composite beams. Tests and FEM show that the sandwich beam behavior is closely related to the skin and foam thicknesses.
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Srivastava, S. Krishna, Michael J. Newburn, John P. Cotner, and Mark A. Richeson. "Long-Term Oxidation Behavior of Selected High Temperature Alloys." In ASME Turbo Expo 2007: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2007-28269.
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Long-term oxidation behavior of alloys cannot be estimated reliably by extrapolation of short-term results; therefore long-term testing is imperative. Such data often are not available. Oxidation testing for a period of 360 days has been conducted for several high temperature alloys extensively used in the gas turbine industry. The alloys tested comprised of HASTELLOY® X alloy, HAYNES® 230®, HR-120®, and 214™ alloys, the first three being chromia forming and the last one being an alumina forming alloy. The specimens were exposed to flowing air at 1800°F(982°C), 2000°F(1093°C), 2100°F(1149°C) and 2200°F(1204°C). The tests were interrupted and the specimens were weighed every 30 days. At the completion of each test, the samples were examined metallographically to determine the internal attack. The magnitude of oxidation attack was studied in terms of the weight change and total metal affected. The paper will report the results of the long-term oxidation testing and the analysis of the corrosion attack with the optical and scanning electron micrographs. HASTELLOY, HAYNES, 230 and HR-120 are registered trademarks and 214 is a trademark of Haynes International, Inc.
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Westgate, Zack, Chris McMullin, and Don DeGroot. "Glauconite Sand Challenges for US Offshore Wind Development." In ASME 2022 4th International Offshore Wind Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iowtc2022-98666.
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Abstract Glauconite sand, otherwise known as ‘greensand’, is a challenging sediment type that can pose significant risks to foundation installation and performance. This is due to its tendency to transform from a stiff, high permeability coarse-grained material to a weak, low permeability fine-grained material due to particle crushing. Glauconite is an iron potassium mica, characteristically green and often found in peloidal form. It forms under reducing conditions within shallow marine depositional environments and has been found in coastal regions of the USA including locations along the Atlantic Continental Shelf associated with offshore wind farm developments. Due to its friable nature, glauconite affects the geotechnical properties of the sediments in which it forms. Geotechnical laboratory tests performed on glauconite sand samples reveal a wide range in particle size gradation and high specific gravity. Intact glauconite sand exhibits high strength, but under moderate disturbance it readily degrades into a clay-like material, increasing plasticity, reducing shear strength, and exhibiting strong thixotropic behavior. Given its tendency to crush, in situ testing with cone penetrometers produces high tip resistance and high sleeve friction, limiting the usefulness of standard soil classification charts. This paper presents an overview of the geological basis for glauconite sand formation, describes its depositional environment and maturation process, and presents results from recent tests performed on glauconite sands from the USA. Implications on pile installation and performance are discussed.
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Ribeiro, Pollyana de Queiroz, Ernesto F. Veiga, Mariana C. Martins, Auri M. R. Vincenzi, Taciana N. Kudo, and Renato F. Bulcão-Neto. "Tool support to aligning requirements and testing through behaviour-driven requirements patterns." In Congresso Ibero-Americano em Engenharia de Software. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/cibse.2022.20979.
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The software industry still struggles with adverse effects of a weak alignment between requirements and testing. The Software Pattern Metamodel (SoPaMM) aligns requirements and test patterns under the influence of agile practices. However, these patterns will be more beneficial for professionals if development activities are supported by a software tool. This paper presents the behaviour-DRivEn Application Model generator (DREAM) tool, automatically generating requirements and test specifications from SoPaMM-based patterns. We show how DREAM supports requirements elicitation and specification, test case elaboration, and software documentation using a patterns catalogue for electronic health record systems.
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Starossek, Rudolf T., Sejin Kim, and Ho-Kyung Kim. "Section-Model Wind Tunnel Test for Flexible Suspended Pedestrian Bridges." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2030.
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<p>For most bridge decks certain assumptions and simplifications can be made in order to observe the wind interactions in a “2-D” sectional manner. In case of flexible simple suspended pedestrian bridges, the three- dimensional behavior in a mode is dominant, due to structural and dynamic properties highly different to general cable-supported bridges, therefore special considerations have to be made in section-model tests.</p><p>Typically, the section-model wind tunnel test does focus on the dominant vertical and rotational natural modes of the bridge deck, while the lateral mode is suppressed as non-governing. Since the lateral and rotational modes of the suspended pedestrian bridge occur in a coupled manner in the primary mode shape, they have to be examined as well. Various different methods to include these different behaviors in analysis and tests are discussed and applied on a case study object.</p><p>The paper will propose a modified section-model wind tunnel testing setup for a flexible suspended pedestrian bridge on the case study object of the Sogeum Mountain Suspended Pedestrian Bridge in Korea, where a section-model was made for the conventional wind-stability study in the wind tunnel.</p>
Reports on the topic "Wild behavior testing"
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Weinschenk, Craig, Keith Stakes, and Robin Zevotek. Impact of Fire Attack Utilizing Interior and Exterior Streams on Firefighter Safety and Occupant Survival: Air Entrainment. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/gmax3657.
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As research continues into how fire department interventions affect fire dynamics in the modern fire environment, questions continue to arise on the impact and implications of interior versus exterior fire attack on both firefighter safety and occupant survivability. Previous research into various types of fire ground ventilation, flow paths, and exterior fire streams has provided the fire service with an increased understanding of fire dynamics. However, in some instances, the information from the studies did not support current, experience-based practices. This gap between the research to date and the fire ground suppression experience has driven the need for further study. This study will build upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically different fire suppression tools and tactics, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants and affect fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fire ground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with scientific information, developed from water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single-family homes. This study will build and expand upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically suppression methods, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants in addition to impacting fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fireground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with credible scientific information, developed from both water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single family homes. The project is comprised of 3 parts: • Part I: Water Distribution • Part II: Air Entrainment • Part III: Full-Scale Residential Fire Experiments This report details the results and analysis from the air entrainment testing. These tests were conducted without the presence of fire to gain a fundamental understanding of how hose streams entrain air. Each set of experiments was intended to add to the understanding of air entrainment and pressure from fire service hose streams by evaluating the differences caused by various application methods, hose stream types, nozzle movements, pressures/flow rates, manufacturers, and ventilation configurations.
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Weinschenk, Craig, Keith Stakes, and Robin Zevotek. Impact of Fire Attack Utilizing Interior and Exterior Streams on Firefighter Safety and Occupant Survival: Water Mapping. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/nevx1787.
Full textAbstract:
As research continues into how fire department interventions affect fire dynamics in the modern fire environment; questions continue to arise on the impact and implications of interior versus exterior fire attack on both firefighter safety and occupant survivability. Previous research into various types of fire ground ventilation, flow paths, and exterior fire streams has provided the fire service with an increased understanding of fire dynamics. However, in some instances, the information from the studies may not support current, experienced-based practices. This gap between the research to date and the fire ground suppression experience has driven the need for further study. Therefore, research into the various methods of fire attack will allow a broader understanding of how firefighter interventions on the fire ground can impact the outcome of both life safety and property protection. This study will build upon the fire research conducted to date by analyzing how firefighting tactics, specifically different fire suppression tools and tactics, affect the thermal exposure and survivability of both firefighters and building occupants and affect fire behavior in structures. The purpose of this study is to improve firefighter safety, fireground tactics, and the knowledge of fire dynamics by providing the fire service with scientific information, developed from water flow and full-scale fire testing, in representative single-family homes. The project will be comprised of 3 parts: • Part I: Water Distribution • Part II: Air Entrainment • Part III: Full-Scale Residential Fire Experiments This report details the results and analysis from the water distribution experiments. These tests were conducted without the presence of fire to gain a fundamental understanding of water flows into compartments. Each test was designed to quantify water distribution within a compartment by evaluating the differences caused by various application methods, hose stream types, nozzle movements, pressures/flow rates, stream locations and elevation angles.