Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'White spot lesions and braces'
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1
Dixon, Julian. "Prevalence of White Spot Lesions during Orthodontic Treatment." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1843.
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The reported prevalence of decalcification in orthodontic patients varies from 2 to 96% mainly due to the lack of a standard examination technique. The aims of this study were: 1) to determine the prevalence of white spot lesions around brackets using visual examination and the DIAGNOdent; 2) to determine which teeth were the most susceptible to decalcification; and 3) to test the accuracy of the DIAGNOdent by comparing to the visual examination. The presence of white spot lesions was determined in two groups of patients who were 6 and 12 months into orthodontic treatment, respectively. The control group consisted of patients who were examined for white spot lesions immediately after having their braces placed on their teeth. The prevalence of white spot lesions was 38%, 46%, and 11% for the 6-month, 12-month, and control groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation (r = 0.71) between the DIAGNOdent measurements and the visual examination.
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Franks, David. "Occurrence and Evaluation of White Spot Lesions in Orthodontic Patients: A Pilot Study." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/286676.
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Oral BiologyM.S.
Orthodontic treatment may cause an increase in the rate of enamel decalcification on tooth surfaces, producing White Spot Lesions (WSL). Orthodontic patients are at a higher risk for decalcification because orthodontic appliances retain food debris which leads to increased plaque formation. Dental plaque, an oral biofilm formed by factors including genetics, diet, hygiene, and environment, contains acid producing bacterial strains with a predominance of Mutans Streptococcus (MS). MS and others metabolize oral carbohydrates during ingestion, the byproducts of which acidify the biofilm to begin a process of enamel decalcification and formation of WSL. This study tests if patients in orthodontic treatment at Temple University can be used as subjects for further longitudinal study of WSL risk factors. Twenty patients between the ages of ten to eighteen after three months or greater of treatment were enrolled to determine if duration of treatment, hygiene, sense of coherence, obesity, diet frequencies, age and gender correlated with development of WSL. Of these, age is positively correlated with the number of untreated decayed surfaces. WSL and plaque levels may negatively correlate with increased brushing frequency and duration, while flossing frequency demonstrated a statistically significant negative correlation. This population may be suitable for further study because of its high incidence of WSL (75%), however difficulty in enrollment and patient attrition necessitates that future studies be modified.
Temple University--Theses
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Maxfield, Blake. "Perceived Responsibility for the Development of White Spot Lesions during Orthodontic Treatment." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1842.
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White spot lesions (WSLs) or decalcifications remain a common complication in orthodontic patients with poor oral hygiene. The purpose of this study was to compare attitudes regarding the development of WSLs among patients, parents, orthodontists and general dentists and improve prevention and treatment protocols through better communication. A survey was developed to evaluate and compare the current opinions of orthodontic patients (n=315), parents (n=279), orthodontists (n=305) and general dentists (n=191) regarding the significance, prevention and treatment of WSLs. All four groups indicated that WSLs did detract from the overall appearance of straight teeth. All four groups indicated that patients were the most responsible for the prevention of WSLs. All four groups indicated that the general dentist should be more responsible for the treatment of WSLs than the orthodontist. General dentists were significantly more likely to indicate that the orthodontist was most responsible for the prevention of WSLs (P <0.005).
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Enaia, Mahmoud [Verfasser]. "White spot lesions during multibracket appliance treatment : a challenge for clinical excellence / Mahmoud Enaia." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1063110416/34.
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Podray, Susan. "Current Technology and Techniques in Re-mineralization of White Spot Lesions: A Systematic Review." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/170366.
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Oral BiologyM.S.
White Spot lesions are a common iatrogenic occurrence on patients who are treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. There is a dynamic chemical interaction between enamel and saliva at the tooth surface that allow a lesion to have phase changes involving demineralization of enamel and remineralization. This is due to calcium and phosphate dissolved in saliva that is deposited onto the tooth surface or removed depending on the surrounding pH. Caseinphosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is gaining popularity in dentistry as a way to increase the available level of calcium and phosphate in plaque and saliva to improve the chemical gradient so that if favors remineralization. The aim of our investigation is to search the available current literature and formulate a recommendation for use of CPP-ACP in orthodontics. Publications from the following electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Science Direct. Searches from August 2010 to April 1st 2012 were performed under the terms "MI Paste OR Recaldent OR caseinphosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate OR CPP-ACP or tooth mousse". The searches yielded 155 articles, These were reviewed for relevance based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles with inappropriate study design or no outcome measures at both baseline and end point were also excluded. 13 articles were deemed of relevance with a high quality study design and were included in this study for evaluation. The current literature suggests a preventative treatment regimen in which MI Paste Plus is used. It should be delivered once daily prior to bed after oral hygiene for 3 minutes in a fluoride tray, throughout orthodontic treatment. It should be recommended for high risk patients determined by poor oral hygiene, as seen by the inability to remove plaque from teeth and appliances. This protocol may prevent or assist in the remineralization of enamel white spot lesions during and after orthodontic treatment.
Temple University--Theses
6
Bergdoll, Allison S. "Icon caries infiltrant resin and MI Paste Plus for the treatment of white spot lesions." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010m/bergdoll.pdf.
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Al-Khateeb, Susan. "Studies on the remineralization of white spot lesions : longitudinal assessment with quantitative light-induced fluorescence /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/19980331alkh.
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Wulc, Daniel. "Treatment of Orthodontic White Spots: Etiology of Orthodontic White Spot Lesions and Interventional Fluoride Varnish Treatment: A Randomized Control Trial." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/328850.
Full textAbstract:
Oral BiologyM.S.
Fixed orthodontic appliances harbor plaque and perpetuate the formation of early non-cavitated carious lesions. However, not all patients with poor hygiene develop them. It has been established that fluoride varnish can be used to promote enamel remineralization. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of fluoride varnish in remineralizing early non-cavitated lesions among orthodontic patients. A second goal of this study was to elucidate if BMI and obesity increased susceptibility to development of white spot lesions. A randomized control trial was conducted among 25 patients attending the Orthodontic clinic at Temple University. Patients were ages 11-18 and had fixed orthodontic appliances for a minimum of three months. Eleven were randomly assigned to a test group (Enamel Pro® Varnish fluoride varnish application to white spot lesions every two months) and 14 randomly assigned to a control group (reinforcement of oral hygiene instructions). Data collection was completed every two months over a six-month time period. White spot lesion size was measured using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Oral hygiene was assessed using Plaque Index (PI) and S. mutans levels were measured using Stripmutans plaque/salivary tests (Dentocult®). Both the control and experimental group had non-significant decreases in non-cavitated carious lesion count. The control group displayed significant increases in Stripmutans salivary scores (p0.05). PI scores decreased in the control group and increased in the experimental group (p>0.05). There was no correlation between BMI and lesion count in the control or experimental group (p>0.05). A 5% sodium fluoride varnish containing Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (Enamel Pro® Varnish) fluoride varnish application was not efficacious in reducing early non-cavitated carious lesions when compared to reinforcing oral hygiene. There is no correlation with BMI and white spot susceptibility.
Temple University--Theses
9
Clark, Kristin Dumboski. "The efficacy of 37% phosphoric acid + Mi Paste Plus on remineralization of enamel white spot lesions." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/938.
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Purpose: This in vitro study evaluated the effectiveness of using a 37% phosphoric acid liquid etchant along with MI Paste Plus™ powered technology compared to using MI Paste Plus™ alone or to an artificially created saliva solution in decreasing the demineralization and enhancing the remineralization of artificial carious lesions created on extracted human teeth. The teeth were analyzed and compared using polarized light microscopy, quantitative light-induced fluorescence, and digital photography.
Materials and Methods: One hundred three recently extracted non-carious human third molar teeth without observable white-spot lesions, decalcification, or dental fluorosis were selected for this twelve day study and randomly divided into four treatment groups as follows:
Group 1 (Control) - Artificial saliva solution (27 teeth)
Group 2 (MIP) - MI Paste Plus™ application for 30 minutes daily for 12 days (26 teeth)
Group 3 (15MIP) - 15 second etch every third day and MI Paste Plus™ application for 30 minutes daily for 12 days (25 teeth)
Group 4 (1MIP) - 1 minute etch on day one ONLY and application of MI Paste Plus™ for 30 minutes daily for 12 days (25 teeth).
Results: Results of one<–>way ANOVA revealed there was a significant effect for the type of treatment on the lesion depth (p = 0.0027). The post-hoc Tukey-Kramer's test indicated there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (15MIP and 1MIP) that incorporated an acid etch in combination with MI Paste Plus™ and the group with exposure to MI Paste Plus™ alone (MIP). In addition, results of one<–>way ANOVA showed that there was no statistically significant effect for type of treatment on the change in fluorescence (p = 0.1417) or the change in density (p = 0.1934).
Conclusions: The results of the present study revealed there was a significant effect for the type of treatment on the lesion depth (p = 0.0027). However, the only significant difference found was between the two groups (15MIP and 1MIP) that incorporated an acid etch in combination with MI Paste Plus™ and the group with exposure to MI Paste Plus™ alone (MIP). Thus, daily applications of MI Paste Plus™, with or without an acid etch, did not produce a statistically significant difference in mean lesion depth when compared to the control (artificial saliva group). In addition, the results of the present study showed that there was no statistically significant effect for type of treatment on the change in fluorescence (p = 0.1417) or the change in density (p = 0.1934). Further research is needed to evaluate MI Paste Plus™ capability in prevention of demineralization and/or enhancement of remineralization by conducting randomized clinical trials.
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Sarkhouh, Shaima Mansour. "Investigating the ultrastructure of enamel white spot lesions (WSL) using Optical Coherence Tomography at different length scales." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10040047/.
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White spot lesion (WSL) is the clinical presentation of early caries, which is a demineralisation that occurs at subsurface level, with a well-mineralised surface layer enclosing the lesion. Early diagnosis and treatment of WSL is crucial to prevent further destruction of tooth structure. The aim of this research is to investigate the potential of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to be used as an adjunct diagnostic clinical tool to evaluate the severity of such lesions. This research also compared the OCT outputs with traditional histology, X-ray Microtomography (XMT), Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction (SXRD) and Scanning Electron microscope (SEM). All specimens were collected from patients undergoing dental treatment at Eastman Dental Hospital with informed consent following ethical approvall. Initially, Artificial WSLs were induced on sound enamel surfaces using a buffered methylcellulose gel system at pH 4.6 for 7 and 14 days. Type-matched native WSL and healthy control teeth were selected based on ICDAS for comparison. Imaging of samples was obtained using OCT of whole teeth and by polarised microscopy, SXRD, XMT and SEM of polished 250 μm thick sections. Polarised microscope, XMT and SEM confirmed the findings of the OCT results. Images showed that the more back scattered signals recorded, the deeper the destruction throughout enamel thickness. SXRD results showed changes in enamel texture, which was interpreted from measuring crystallite orientations and lattice parameter. SXRD result showed some correlation with OCT images, however more investigation is required to confirm the findings. In conclusion, the variations observed in the back-scattered light in OCT experiment were because of mineral density variation within enamel structure, as well as the changes in prismatic structure and may be related to crystallite texture and orientation. OCT has shown to be a reliable non-destructive technique, that can investigate the internal structure, by measuring the back-scattered light from materials such as enamel and dentine. In healthy samples, OCT B-scans showed a homogenous pattern of scattering intensity throughout enamel structure, indicating healthy structure, while in both natural and induced white spot lesions, a non homogenous scattering intensity was observed, indicating changes in enamel structure.
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Taha, Ayam Ali Hassoon. "Development of a novel bioactive glass propelled via air-abrasion to remove orthodontic bonding materials and promote remineralisation of white spot lesions." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/43997.
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Enamel damage and demineralisation are common complications associated with fixed orthodontic appliances. In particular, the clean-up of adhesive remnants after debonding is a recognised cause of enamel damage. Furthermore, fixed attachments offer retentive areas for accumulation of cariogenic bacteria leading to enamel demineralisation and formation of white spot lesions (WSLs). Bioactive glasses may be used to remove adhesives, preserving the integrity of the enamel surface, while also having the potential to induce enamel remineralisation, although their efficacy in both respects has received little attention. A systematic review evaluating the remineralisation potential of bioactive glasses was first undertaken. No prospective clinical studies were identified; however, a range of in vitro studies with heterogeneous designs were identified, largely providing encouraging results. A series of glasses was prepared with molar compositions similar to 45S5 (SylcTM; proprietary bioactive glass) but with constant fluoride, reduced silica and increased sodium and phosphate contents. These glasses were characterised in several tests and the most promising selected. This was designed with hardness lower than that of enamel and higher than orthodontic adhesives. Its effectiveness in terms of removal of composite- and glass ionomer- based orthodontic adhesives was evaluated against SylcTM and a tungsten carbide (TC) bur. This novel glass was subsequently used for remineralisation of artificially-induced orthodontic WSLs on extracted human teeth. The novel glass propelled via the air-abrasion system selectively removed adhesives without inducing tangible physical enamel damage compared to SylcTM and the conventional TC bur. It also remineralised WSLs with surface roughness and intensity of light backscattering similar to sound enamel. In addition, mineral deposits were detected on remineralised enamel surfaces; these acted as a protective layer on the enamel surface and improved its hardness. This layer was rich in calcium, phosphate, and fluoride; 19F MAS-NMR, confirmed the formation of fluorapatite. This is particularly beneficial since fluorapatite is more chemically stable than hydroxyapatite and has more resistance to acid attack. Hence, a promising bioactive glass has been developed.
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Aleesa, Natheer Abdelmajeed Rasheed. "Development and in-vitro investigations of a novel orthodontic adhesive containing bioactive glass for the prevention of white spot lesions." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2018. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/46024.
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Objectives: 1) To develop and investigate the bioactivities of a novel bioactive glass (BAG) composite designed as an orthodontic adhesive. 2) To investigate the preventive effect, and to test the bond strength of the adhesive. Methods: A novel, calcium and phosphate rich, and fluoride containing, bioactive glass (BAG) was prepared via the melt quench route and incorporated into an experimental resin to produce a light cured paste. The ratio of the resin to the powder was 20:80% respectively. The BAG powder was gradually replaced by a high fluoride and silica content glass (HSG) from 80%, to 60%, 50%, 40%, 25% and 0%. 90 disks (1.26mm thickness and 10mm diameter) were produced from each composition to be immersed in 3 solutions (demineralising artificial saliva pH=4 (AS4), remineralising artificial saliva pH=7 (AS7) and Tris buffer (TB) pH=7.3, 10 ml each. Measurements were taken at 10 time points (from 6 hours to 6 months) in 3 replicas in each solution. Ion release study was determined by ISE and ICP, and pH monitoring was conducted on the resulting solutions. Immersed disks were studied by FTIR, XRD, MAS-NMR and SEM for apatite formation. XMT were used to study the effects of this material on demineralisation/remineralisation in human enamel. Shear bond strength of the adhesive on bovine enamel were studied in different conditions using an Instron machine. Results: The pH increased with time for all the samples with BAG in all solutions and was linearly correlated to BAG loading. Ion release results revealed that the composite disks release up to 15ppm F-, 450ppm Ca2+ and 10ppm PO43- ions, and the release pattern is directly related to the immersion time, with the highest release found in AS4. FTIR spectra, XRD patterns and SEM images showed formation of apatite on all the BAG-resin disks, especially in AS4 and this increase with time. The MAS-NMR spectra indicated fluorapatite was also formed. The XMT studies showed that the novel material reduces demineralisation around the brackets by 80%. The shear bond strength of this novel material was comparable to that of Transbond XT. Conclusion: The novel BAG composites have significant long term releases of F-, Ca2+ and PO43- ions, especially in acidic conditions and form apatite (including FAP) in acidic and neutral solutions. This implies that the material has the potential as an orthodontic adhesive that can prevent white spot lesions around brackets.
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Parsons, Tetyana. "In vitro comparison of microabrasion, CPP-ACP, CPP-ACFP and combination therapies on the remineralization of white spot lesions." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2014. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_cdm_stuetd/15.
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Objectives: To determine whether treatment of demineralized enamel white spot lesions with CPP-ACP paste, CPP-ACFP paste or microabrasion technique decreases lesion depth in vitro. Additionally, to determine whether treatment of demineralized enamel white spot lesions with microabrasion technique in combination with CPP-ACP paste or CPP-ACFP paste decreases lesion depth greater than any of the three techniques alone. Background: White spot lesions (WSLs) after the removal of orthodontic appliances remain a problem for clinicians and patients. Previous studies suggest that application of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (CPP-ACFP) may promote enamel remineralization. Recently, microabrasion of enamel was proposed as another treatment modality of white spot lesions. A review of literature showed that there was no comprehensive in vitro study that combined microabrasion, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate and casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate for treatment of WSLs. Methods: A total of one hundred and twelve bovine incisor teeth were randomly assigned to seven treatment groups: 1. Control 1 (demineralization control), 2. Control 2 (remineralization solution control), 3. CPP-ACP paste, 4. CPP-ACFP paste, 5. Microabrasion, 6. Microabrasion with CPP- ACP paste, and 7. Microabrasion with CPP-ACFP paste.
Teeth in all groups were placed in demineralizing solution for 96 hours to produce artificial caries-like lesions. At the end of the 96 hr period, teeth in Control 1 group were sectioned to establish adequate amount of demineralization. The rest of samples were treated with assigned regimen once a day for 10 days and stored in remineralization solution. At the end of ten days, teeth were sectioned with a hard tissue microtome and observed under polarized microscopy to analyze enamel lesion depth. One-way ANOVA at α=0.05 was performed to assess difference in lesion depth between groups followed with post hoc Tukey's test. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between groups (pConclusions: Based on the results from this study, we can conclude that: (1) treatment of WSLs with CPP-ACP paste, CPP-ACFP paste or microabrasion decreases lesion depth in vitro; (2) microabrasion in combination with CPP-ACP paste or CPP-ACFP paste did not decrease lesion depth greater than that observed with either paste technique alone; (3) both CPP-ACP and CPP-ACFP pastes in combination with microabrasion treatments showed greater decrease in lesion depth than microabrasion alone.
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Abdulraheem, Salem. "Efficacy of fluoride varnish in preventing white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances A triple blinded randomized controlled trial." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19910.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel fluoride varnish (NFPV, Fluor Protector S) in preventing development of white spot lesions in adolescents undergoing treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances.Material and methods: 185 patients aged between 12 and 18 years planned for orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance were randomized into varnish or placebo group. The varnish group received a varnish with the active ingredient ammonium fluoride and the placebo group received a similar varnish but without ammonium fluoride. All patients received treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance in the upper arch for a period of more than one year, and before bonding all patients had three intra-oral photos. Varnish in both groups was applied on the maxillary anterior teeth and premolars during every check-up at the orthodontic clinic (every 6 weeks). After debond, the composite on the teeth was carefully removed using carbide bur and three new intra-oral photos were taken. Finally, white spot lesions (WSL) were evaluated and scored on a monitor in a dark room using Gorelick scoring index. Results: 66 patients of the 185 patients were debonded and represent the final number of patients included in present master thesis. The incidence of WSL after debond was 19.9% in the test group and 18.1% in the placebo group, respectively. No statistically significant difference between the groups was recorded. Conclusion: Based on the limited amount of the patients in present master thesis, the null hypothesis was confirmed, there is no additional benefit to apply ammonium fluoride varnish during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliance to reduce the incidence of WSL.
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Kamarudin, Yasmin. "In vitro study of chlorhexidine hexametaphosphate nanoparticles to produce a sustained chlorhexidine release environment to reduce white spot lesions in orthodontic patients." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.738317.
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Shell, Eric Radcliff. "Effectiveness of Mi PasteTM, Mi Paste PlusTM, and Topex RenewTM in remineralization and visible reduction of white spot lesions after orthodontic treatment - a clinical study." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2985.
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Introduction: Orthodontic treatment is meant to provide patients with stable occlusion and an esthetic smile, and often improves a patient's self-esteem. Unfortunately, and too often, an ideal orthodontic finish in terms of alignment and occlusion is tarnished by the appearance of white spot lesions on the facial surface of teeth after removing the fixed appliances. These white spots detract from the esthetics of a patient's smile. Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MI PasteTM (GC America, Alsip, Illinois), MI Paste PlusTM (GC America, Alsip, Illinois), and Topex RenewTM (Sultan Healthcare, Hackensack, NJ) in increasing remineralization and improving the esthetic appearance of white spot lesions in patients after treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. In addition, at-home only versus in-office and at-home treatment protocols were evaluated. Methods and Materials: Thirty patients were enrolled in four treatment groups and a control group, with six patients in each group. The study lasted three months and results were analyzed with normal and QLF photographs. Results, Discussion, and Conclusion: Upon completion of this clinical study, the following conclusions can be drawn. First, the visible area and the fluorescence decrease of white spot lesions will both significantly lessen after orthodontic treatment regardless of products used, or even with a non-prescription fluoride toothpaste control. Second, there is some evidence that an at-home treatment protocol using Topex Renew, or a combination in-office and at-home treatment protocol with MI Paste Plus, may be more beneficial in reducing the appearance of white spot lesions after orthodontic treatment than other treatment protocols.
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Al-Obaidi, Rand. "In vitro enamel subsurface lesions : characterization and treatment." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT017/document.
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Les taches blanches sont liées à l'hypominéralisation sous la surface de l'émail et sont la 1ère étape du développement de la carie dentaire. La détection précoce des caries dentaires naissantes avant qu'elles n'atteignent le stade de la cavitation offre une opportunité pour des soins dentaires efficaces. Pour réaliser les objectifs de cette étude qui sont de renforcer l'idiome des soins minimalement invasifs, nous avons identifié un modèle de cycle de pH modifié qui permet d’imiter les conditions intra-buccales qui conduisent à la formation de lésions de type tache blanche, dans un court laps de temps. Des techniques optiques non invasives, comme la microscopie Raman confocale et la microscopie multiphotonique, ont été utilisées dans cette étude pour détecter de petits changements dans la composition chimique de l'émail in vitro.De plus, la technique de nano-indentation a été appliquée pour étudier les changements dans les propriétés mécaniques de l'émail et les relier à ceux affectant sa composition chimique après l'induction des caries, afin d‘ajouter de la spécificité chimique-mécanique aux informations sur les lésions sous-surface de l'émail. Les résultats obtenus démontrent un grand potentiel pour les techniques examinées, fournissant une base pour des applications intéressantes dans le diagnostic clinique de différentes pathologies dentaires. Pour résoudre le problème du traitement des lésions primitives sans intervention chirurgicale, l'efficacité de la crème GC Tooth Mousse et du dentifrice contenant de la nano-hydroxyapatite «KAREX» dans l'amélioration de la reminéralisation de l'émail déminéralisé par la localisation du phosphate de calcium amorphe à la surface de la dent a été inspectée. L'étude a indiqué le manque de preuves fiables soutenant l'efficacité des agents reminéralisants dans le traitement des taches blanches. Ce travail doit être poursuivi par d'autres études in-vitro et par des études cliniquesWhite spot lesion is the subsurface hypomineralization of enamel indicating the 1st stage of dental caries development. Early detection of incipient dental caries before it reaches the stage of cavitation offers an opportunity for effective dental care. The objectives of this study were to strengthen the idiom of minimally invasive treatment. In order to achieve the specified goals; we have identified a modified pH cycling model that can mimic the intraoral conditions leading to white spot lesions formation in a short time. In addition, non-invasive optical techniques, such as confocal Raman microscopy and multiphoton microscopy were used in this study to detect small changes in the enamel chemical composition in vitro.Furthermore, nano-indentation technique was used to detect the changes in the mechanical properties of enamel and relate them to those affecting its chemical composition after caries induction in order to add chemico-mechanical specificity in providing important information about subsurface lesions in enamel. The obtained results demonstrate a great potential for the examined techniques, providing a basis for interesting applications in the clinical diagnosis of various pathological conditions in dentistry. To treatment the incipient carious lesions non-invasively, the effectiveness of GC Tooth Mousse cream and nHA containing-dentifrice "KAREX" in the remineralization of demineralized enamel through localizing amorphous calcium phosphate at tooth surface has been inspected. The study indicated a lack of reliable evidence supporting the efficacy of remineralizing agents in the treatment of white spot lesions. Within the limitations of this study, further laboratory studies together with clinical research are therefore required to increase the available knowledge on this prevalent subject
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Easterly, Danielle E. "An Investigation of Surface Characteristics of Enamel Treated with Infiltrative Resin: A Scanning Electron Microscopy Study." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4764.
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AN INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENAMEL TREATED WITH INFILTRATIVE RESIN: A SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY
Danielle E. Easterly, Doctorate of Dental Surgery.
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry at Virginia Commonwealth University.
Virginia Commonwealth University. 2017.
Director: Dr. Eser Tüfekçi
D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D., M.S.H.A.
Objective: To evaluate the microstructural changes of a resin infiltrant (ICON®, DMG America LLC, Englewood, NJ) after six months of simulated toothbrushing.
Materials and Methods: Ten extracted third molars (n=10) were collected. Artificial white spot lesions were created and resin applied. Environmental SEM images at 250X and 500X were taken after application of Icon® (T1), and after six months of simulated toothbrushing (T2). Micrographs were evaluated for changes in surface characteristics.
Results: SEM showed some changes in the surface characteristics of the resin after simulated toothbrushing. However, changes in presence of enamel rods, microcracks, or fractures were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The effects of polymerization shrinkage were noted on most samples in the form of clefts and fissures.
Conclusions: Icon® resin seems to withstand challenge by toothbrush abrasion over a six-month period, with some evidence of microstructural wear.
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Navarro, Garre Rául. "Efecto de dos bebidas refrescantes en la adhesión de brackets. Observación mediante microcopio electrónico de barrido del esmalte intacto y sellado por una resina tras la exposición a dichas bebidas." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/78919.
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OBJETIVO: Evaluar el efecto de Coca-Cola® y Schweppes® Limón en la fuerza adhesiva, el adhesivo remanente y la microfiltración debajo de los brackets. Examinar mediante microscopio electrónico de barrido (MEB) el efecto de estas bebidas en el esmalte intacto y esmalte sellado.
MÉTODO: Se cementaron 120 brackets en incisivos bovinos y se dividieron 1) grupo control, 2) Coca-Cola®, 3) Schweppes® Limón. Los dientes fueron sumergidos en las bebidas tres veces al día (15 minutos) durante 15 días. La fuerza de adhesión fue medida con una máquina universal de ensayos y el adhesivo remanente, utilizando un equipo de análisis de imagen. La microfiltración en la interfase esmalte-adhesivo y adhesivo-bracket se determinó utilizando azul de metileno. Para las observaciones al MEB se utilizaron 108 dientes.
RESULTADOS: No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la fuerza adhesiva y el adhesivo remanente entre grupos. La microfiltración en la interfase esmalte-adhesivo para Coca-Cola® y Schweppes® Limón fue significativamente mayor que para el grupo control. En la interfase adhesivo-bracket la microfiltración de Coca-Cola® fue mayor que el grupo control, mientras que la microfiltración de Schweppes® Limón no difirió significativamente ni de Coca-Cola® ni del grupo control. Las bebidas produjeron erosión del esmalte y pérdida del material adhesivo.Objective: To evaluate the effect of Coca-Cola® and Schweppes®-Limón on bond strength, adhesive remnant and microleakage beneath brackets. To examine by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) the effect of these drinks on intact and sealed enamel. Methods: 120 brackets were bonded to bovine incisors and divided into: 1)Control-group; 2)Coca-Cola®; 3)Schweppes®-Limón. The teeth were submerged in the drinks 3 times/day (15 minutes) during fifteen days. Shear bond strength was measured with a universal test machine, and adhesive remnant using image analysis equipment. Microleakage at the enamel-adhesive and adhesive-bracket interfaces was detected using methylene blue. 108 teeth were used to examine by SEM the effect of the drinks on intact and sealed enamel. Results: No significant differences were found in bond strength and adhesive remnant between groups. Microleakage at the enamel-adhesive interface for Coca-Cola® and Schweppes®-Limón was significantly greater than for the control. At the adhesive-bracket interface microleakage was significantly greater with Coca-Cola® than with the control whilst microleakage with Schweppes®-Limón did not differ significantly from either Coca-Cola® or the control. The drinks produced enamel erosion and loss of adhesive.
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Flor?ncio, Filho C?cero. "Efetividade do uso t?pico de fluoreto e da escova??o no controle de c?ries produzidas "in vivo"." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13213.
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Previous issue date: 2008-08-14The objective of this clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the toothbrushing with and without fluoride and the daily fluoride rinse (NaF 0.05%) on produced white spot, in vivo. This was a clinical study, controlled, randomized and triple blind. Thirty patients were selected for orthodontics reasons from Orthodontics Specialization Course at the Brazilian Dental Association - Section of Rio Grande do Norte. In this study it was used 4 bicuspid upper and lower. They had orthodontic reason for extractions, in 35 days, at least. The sample had one hundred and twenty teeth that received orthodontic bands. The bands were fixed with polycarboxylate cement, and there was a space standardized between bands and one surface of teeth. The four bicuspid of each patients were randomized and nominated as A, B, C and D. These nominations determinated the sequence of the extractions and what was done in each tooth. All the patients had been submitted to the toothbrushing with or without fluoride for 35 days. After this period, the A tooth of each patient was extracted to serve as control. The others teeth (B, C and D) were extracted one by each week. The entire sample was analyzed through the clinical examination and by laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent?) in three different times: before orthodontic bands, 28 days after fixed and then removed the bands and, the last one, 07 days after one of the three treatments (toothbrushing with or without fluoride, tooth paste with fluoride and mouth rinse with fluoride). At the beginning all groups (A, B, C and D) had the same conditions, no significant difference was found. The same situation was found in a clinical examination. The results of the DIAGNOdent? for the groups that used tooth paste without fluoride, with fluoride and mouth rinse with fluoride, after 28 days, there was no significant difference. Clinically, the white spot was formed in all teeth after 28 days. When it was compared the three treated groups, the group without fluoride in tooth paste had worst result than the others groups. But there was no significant association between the number of active and inactive white spots and the type of treatment that the teeth had received. The demineralization of the enamel surface, under the orthodontic bands, it happened in a few weeks. The exposition of the white spots in oral environmental resulted in an improvement, but it was not enough to return to the values from the base line, either for the toothbrushing and/or the use of fluorite mouth rinse. Mouth rinse and toothpaste with fluoride have showed to reduce the incidence of demineralization in the enamel, but none seems to be superior to another one in an in vivo study
O objetivo desse estudo cl?nico foi avaliar a efetividade da escova??o com e sem dentifr?cio fluoretado e o enxaguat?rio bucal fluoretado na forma de bochecho di?rio (NaF 0,05%) associado a escova??o com dentifr?cio fluoretado sobre as les?es brancas de esmalte produzidas in vivo. Este estudo se constituiu em um ensaio cl?nico controlado e randomizado. Para tanto, foram selecionados 32 pacientes do Curso de Especializa??o em Ortodontia da Associa??o Brasileira de Odontologia Sec??o do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, que necessitavam como parte do tratamento de exodontias. Os cento e vinte e oito dentes receberam an?is ortod?nticos, cimentados com cimento de policarboxilato, com espa?o padronizado na superf?cie vestibular, S?tio Cariog?nico . Os quatro premolares de cada paciente foram aleatorizados individualmente, em dente A, B, C e D, com a finalidade de se determinar a seq??ncia das exodontias e os tipos de procedimentos a serem realizados para cada dente. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos ? escova??o com dentifr?cio sem fl?or por um per?odo de 35 dias. Ap?s esse per?odo, o dente A de cada paciente foi extra?do para servir como controle. Os demais dentes B, C e D foram extra?dos ap?s uma, duas e tr?s semanas, respectivamente. Os esp?cimes foram analisados atrav?s do exame cl?nico e da fluoresc?ncia a laser (DIAGNOdent?) antes da cimenta??o dos an?is ortod?nticos, 28 dias ap?s o desafio cariog?nico e 07 dias ap?s ter sido submetido a um dos tr?s tratamentos (escova??o com dentifr?cio sem fl?or, dentifr?cio com fl?or e bochecho com enxaguat?rio bucal fluoretado associado a escova??o com dentifr?cio com fl?or) institu?dos nesse estudo. Clinicamente, a les?o branca foi formada em todos os elementos dent?rios analisados ap?s 28 dias do desafio cariog?nico. Observou-se que n?o houve diferen?a estat?sticamente significativa entre as medianas para os valores do DIAGNOdent? e para os valores dos escores relacionados ao exame cl?nico entre os grupos de tratamentos ap?s 07 dias. Quando comparou-se os tr?s grupos tratados, o grupo dentifr?cio sem fl?or apresentou um n?mero de les?es brancas ativas maior que os grupos dentifr?cio com fl?or e bochecho com fl?or, nos quais ocorreu um predom?nio do n?mero de les?es brancas inativas. No entanto, n?o houve associa??o significativa entre o n?mero de les?es brancas ativas e inativas e o tipo de tratamento que os dentes receberam. A desmineraliza??o do esmalte subjacente aos an?is ortod?nticos mal adaptados ? um processo r?pido e ocorre dentro de poucas semanas. A exposi??o das les?es brancas de esmalte, ativas ao meio bucal, resulta em uma r?pida inativa??o das mesmas, mas n?o o suficiente para retornar aos valores da linha base, seja por dist?rbios mec?nicos da escova??o e/ou a utiliza??o de enxaguat?rio bucal fluoretado associado ao dentifr?cio fluoretado. Os dentifr?cios a base de fl?or e os enxaguat?rios bucais fluoretados t?m mostrado reduzir a incid?ncia de desmineraliza??o do esmalte, mas nenhum parece ser superior ao outro tomando como base o modelo de c?rie in vivo
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Roberts, Sara A. "Evaluation of salivary flora acidogenicity under acidic conditions for prediction of cariogenic potential during fixed orthodontic treatment." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/66195.
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Orthodontic treatment is a common occurrence with up to 29.7% of the adolescent population (Bollen, Cunha-Cruz et al., 2007) and 1% of the adult population (Whitesides, Pajewski et al., 2008) receiving fixed braces. This type of treatment poses significant risks to the hard and soft tissues. One of the most common complications of fixed orthodontic appliance treatment is the demineralization and subsequent white spot lesion development in the enamel (Travess, Roberts-Harry et al., 2004. White spot lesions are the early sign of dental caries and the incidence of white spot lesions in orthodontic patients has been reported as being as high as 50 per cent (Gorelick, Geiger et al., 1982; Lundström and Krasse, 1987; Lovrov, Hertrich et al., 2007) with white spot lesions sometimes occurring as early as 1 month after banding (Ogaard, Rølla et al., 1988). Currently available chair-side saliva tests measure bacterial counts or acid production of the entire oral microflora. These tests tend to be able to predict patients who are at a low risk of demineralization more accurately than those at an increased risk. There is no single test to suit all individuals that can reliably identify at risk patients (Hausen, 1997;Reich, Lussi et al., 1999; Zimmer, Bizhang et al., 2008). The aim of this short-term study was to evaluate a technique to predict white spot lesion development in patients undergoing fixed appliance orthodontic treatment, and to analyse salivary bacteria to determine any differences in their metabolism. Fifty-two patients due to start fixed appliance orthodontic treatment agreed to participate in the study. Saliva samples collected before braces were placed and during treatment at six-eight week intervals, were mixed with a potassium phosphate buffer solution containing sucrose (10% w/v), at pH 5.7, and rate of pH change was measured over 30 minutes. Demineralisation development was determined from standardized intra-oral photographs. Subjects whose samples showed the greatest pH change towards acid production were selected for further salivary analysis. Ten of the higher risk individuals were further analysed, along with ten low risk individuals. Samples were grown on TSY20B plates, and pure strains of mutans streptococci were isolated and re-grown. These were then suspended in tryptone-soya broth and after 48 hours optical density, terminal pH and acid analysis using HPLC were measured and analysed. Of the fifty-two participants, three developed demineralisation. Two were identified as high risk from their initial saliva test, one as low risk, giving the test a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 94%. There was no statistically significant change over time in the subjects, which indicated the risk status is unlikely to change. There was no statistically significant difference between the high and low risk groups in salivary microflora metabolism. The major acid produced in each case was lactic acid, with acetic acid being produced at lower concentrations. This test has the potential to be developed into a commercial chair-side saliva test. However, further testing is continuing and aims to follow the cohort of patients through the entirety of their treatment.Thesis (D.Clin.Dent.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Dentistry, 2011
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Fernandes, Ana Rita da Silva. "Terapêuticas das White Spot Lesions: revisão sistemática." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/35402.
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Trabalho final do 5º ano com vista à atribuição do grau de mestre no âmbito do ciclo de estudos de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra.Introdução: A cárie dentária é uma das patologias mais comum e evitável. As primeiras manifestações da progressão da cárie dentária são denominadas por white spot lesions. Estas são definidas como uma desmineralização da superfície e subsuperfície do esmalte, sem que ocorra cavitação e com capacidade de serem revertidas. Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi investigar quais os agentes de remineralização que são eficazes para o tratamento das white spot lesions. Materiais e Métodos: Para a realização desta revisão sistemática foi efetuada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane Library e ScienceDirect com as seguintes palavras-chave: “white spot”, "tooth demineralization", "tooth remineralization", "fluorides”, conjugadas com os conectores boleanos “AND” e “OR”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos clínicos, meta-análises, revisões de literatura e sistemáticas, de setembro de 2005 a setembro de 2015, redigidos em português ou inglês, com resumo disponível. Resultados: Da pesquisa inicial resultaram 273 referências. Após a eliminação de artigos duplicados resultaram 236 referências. Foram excluídas todas as referências não relevantes para a revisão sistemática, resultando 45 estudos potencialmente relevantes. Após leitura do texto integral resultou um total de 13 referências. Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos de evidência científica de modo a preconizar o método terapêutico mais adequado para o tratamento da desmineralização da superfície e subsuperfície do esmalte. Introduction: Dental caries are one of the most common and preventable diseases. The first sign of dental caries are denoted by white spot lesions (WSLs) which can be defined as a demineralization of the enamel surface and subsurface although these lesions can be reversed and do not form cavities. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was investigate which remineralization agents are effective for the treatment of WSLs. Materials and Methods: For this systematic review a literature search was conducted on Pubmed, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect with the following keywords: “white spot”, “tooth demineralization”, “tooth remineralization”, “fluorides”, combined with Boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. The inclusion criteria were: clinical trials, meta-analyzes, systematic and literature reviews, from September 2005 to September 2015, written in Portuguese or English, with available abstract. Results: The initial search resulted in 273 references. After elimination of duplicate articles resulted 236 references. After reading titles and abstracts, all non-relevant results were excluded, resulting in 45 potentially relevant studies. After reading the full text, 13 references were included. Conclusion: More studies are required for scientific evidence in order to reach a conclusion of the most suitable therapeutic method for the treatment of surface and subsurface demineralization of the enamel.
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Sriram, Balya. "The diagnosis of white spot lesions in orthodontic patients." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84127.
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Objectives:(i) To investigate the associations between the presence, number and severity of white spot lesions (WSLs) and patient characteristics. (ii)To investigate the associations between the presence, number and severity of WSLs and the saliva properties tested using the Saliva-Check BufferKit (GC Corp., Belgium).(iii) To evaluate the use of the DIAGNOdent pen (KaVo, Biberach, Germany) as an aid in the identification of WSLs in orthodontic patients. Method: With ethics approval, 91 orthodontic patients had de-identified parameters recorded which included date of birth, sex, postcode, age at banding, time in bands, failure to attend (FTA) rate, type of bracket used, reported oral hygiene regimen and number of restored molars. All participants were examined for WSLs on their upper and lower anterior teeth using a visual index outlined by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II) and a laser-based caries detection device (DIAGNOdent pen).Of the 91 participants, 50 had saliva properties tested which included hydration, consistency, resting pH, stimulated flow, stimulated pH and buffering capacity. Results Paper 1: Brushing fewer than 14 times a week and the presence of restored molars were significant variables for the development and severity of WSLs when the severity was ≥ ICDAS II grading of 2 (p<0.05).When WSLs were ICDAS II ≥ 3 grading, the FTA rate and brushing fewer than 14 times per week were significant variables (p<0.05). The number of WSLs increased when participants brushed fewer than 14 times per week or had an increased FTA rate(p<0.05). Comparisons between ICDAS II scores and DIAGNOdent pen scores were statistically significant (p<0.0001). Results Paper 2: When using the Saliva-Check Buffer Kit, the pH of stimulated saliva was a significant diagnostic variable in identifying WSLs (p<0.05). The pH of stimulated saliva and the quantity of saliva produced in 5 minutes were significant variables of WSL severity when the grading was greater than or equal to an ICDAS II score of 2 (p<0.05). When the grading was greater than or equal to an ICDAS II score of 3, the pH of unstimulated saliva was a significant variable (p<0.05). No relationship was found between the number of WSLs in a patient and the saliva properties tested with the Saliva-Check Buffer Kit. Conclusions: A patient’s report of brushings per week indicates the presence, severity and number of white spots they may experience. The number of restored molars may indicate the presence and severity of their white spot lesion experience. Patients who fail to attend appointments are likely to have a larger number of WSLs with greater severity. The DIAGNOdent Pen corresponds significantly to the ICDAS II system to grade WSLs in orthodontic patients. The pH of stimulated saliva, the pH of unstimulated saliva and saliva flow rate may indicate orthodontic patients who are susceptible to WSLs and may also indicate the severity of the lesions. The Saliva-Check Buffer Kit is unable to distinguish between patients who have many or those who have few WSLs.Thesis (D.Clin.Dent.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Dentistry, 2013
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Dhiab, Azmi Ben. "Management of post orthodontic white spots lesions." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/38684.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizWhite Spot Lesions (WSLs) are a common iatrogenic finding along brackets used in orthodontic treatment. WSLs are frequently noticed as small opaque lesions with lessened radiolucency which might have a lasting unaesthetic effect. These lesions might range from small lines along bracket peripheries and less frequently might be observed as larger demineralized areas with or without cavitation. The development of WSLs is principally enhanced by the accumulated plaque around brackets due to a compromised oral hygiene that might be aggravated by the presence of dental crowding. Furthermore, The presence of fixed orthodontic apparatus leads to alteration in the oral microflora causing reduction in the PH level and increased bacterial adherence to the metal facade through electrostatic effect. There are several preferences for treatment of WSL, ranging from conservative approaches relying on remineralization to invasive techniques. The severity of lesions is a determinant of which option is most appropriate. The management of WSLs is based on remineralization strategies or in other situations on a minimal-invasive camouflage of the lesions. Although orthodontic WSLs are one of the most frequent and most visible adverse effects of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment, the efficacy of their intervention continues to be assessed in the literature and up to date there is no consensus on the best evidence-based approach to manage such lesions. Therefore, the aim of the present thesis is to review and critically appraise the contemporary evidence related to causes, diagnosis, prevention, risk evaluation and management of WSL associated with orthodontic appliances. Furthermore, clinical recommendations that might be useful for both the general dentist as well as the orthodontist. This literature review will be undertaken by searching the database engines, Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar, B-on and Science Direct. The search will include the literature published inbetween 2005-2021.
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Kroker, Tessa. "In- vitro- Untersuchung der Effektivität verschiedener Lacke zur Prävention von White- Spot- Läsionen im Rahmen kieferorthopädischer Behandlungen." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0015-9C00-4.
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Lekhetari, Romaissa. "Abordagem clínica de lesões de hipomineralização molar-incisivo com aplicação da técnica ICON®: revisão narrativa." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/10344.
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Hipomineralização molar-incisivo (MIH) é um defeito estrutural do esmalte. Os dentes afetados apresentam opacidades isoladas, assimétricas em dentes homólogos, manchas de cor branca, amarelo ou castanha, consoante a severidade da lesão afetando como o nome sugere, os primeiros molares e incisivos da dentição permanente.
A exigência estética dos pacientes é cada vez mais importante, pois as manchas coloridas do esmalte podem, dependendo de sua localização e gravidade, ter um grande impacto estético no sorriso dos nossos pacientes e prejudicar muito a sua vida social.
Atualmente existem soluções simples e minimamente invasivas para lidar com estas situações, sendo uma das opções de tratamento muito utilizada, a técnica de resina infiltrativa ICON®, sendo a sua ação baseada na erosão da superfície da lesão através da utilização de um ácido e na subsequente infiltração de uma resina de baixa viscosidade.
A realização desta revisão narrativa tem como principal objetivo relembrar os fatores etiológicos, diagnóstico, características clínicas e tratamento de lesões de hipomineralização molar-incisivo, assim como, demonstrar a eficácia da técnica do ICON® na remoção destas lesões.Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a structural defect of the enamel. Affected teeth present isolated opacities, asymmetric in homologous teeth, white, yellow or brown stains, depending on the severity of the lesion, affecting, as the name suggests, the first molars and incisors of the permanent dentition. The esthetic demands of patients are increasingly important, as the colored stains on the enamel can, depending on their location and severity, have a great aesthetic impact on our patients' smiles and greatly impair their social life. Currently, there are simple and minimally invasive solutions to deal with these situations. One of the most widely used treatment options is the infiltrative resin technique ICON®, its action based on erosion of the surface of the lesion through the use of an acid and the subsequent infiltration of a low viscosity resin. The main objective of this narrative literature review is to recall the etiological factors, diagnosis, clinical characteristics and treatment of molar-incisive hypomineralization lesions, as well as to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ICON® technique in removing these lesions.
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Dixon, Julian Spencer. "Prevalence of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2542.
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Kattan, Hiba. "Physical properties of a novel fluoride-containing bioactive glass composite." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31250.
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OBJECTIVES: To compare the amount of fluoride, calcium and phosphate release and recharge of a fluoride containing bioactive glass composite to a conventional resin composite and a resin modified glass ionomer cement at different time points. Furthermore, bond strength of a fluoride containing bioactive glass composite, a conventional flowable composite, and a resin modified glass ionomer cement to metal orthodontic brackets was evaluated.
METHODS: A fluoride containing bioactive glass (BG) was synthesized using a sol-gel method and mixed homogeneously with an unfilled resin. For ion release and recharge, resin modified glass ionomer (RMGIC), Photac Fil Quick Aplicap (3M/ESPE) and flowable composite (Control), Filtek Supreme Ultra (Kerr), were used for comparison. Disc shape samples were fabricated using custom aluminum mold (1 mm in thickness and 9 mm in diameter, (n=5 for each material) and stored in 15 mL deionized water at 37°C until the testing time. The amounts of fluoride, calcium, and phosphate ions released were evaluated at different time points: 1 hour, 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days 6 days and 7 days. At each time point, all of the storage solution was extracted, and 7.5 mL was used for fluoride release measurement and the remaining 7.5 mL for calcium and phosphate ion release measurements. After solution extraction, the samples were replaced in 15 mL fresh deionized water at 37°C until the next sampling time point. Ionic recharge was performed with 5% sodium fluoride varnish (FluoroDose, Centrix) and MI paste plus (GC) following the ion release-testing period. An ion meter with a Fluoride ionic selective electrode were used to determine fluoride concentration. A Microwave-Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (MP-AES) was used to test the concentration of the calcium and phosphate.
For the shear bond strength test, rectangular shaped ceramic samples with the dimensions of 2 mm x 12 mm x 14 mm (Vita Mark II, Vita) were fabricated. Standard edgewise-metal brackets (American Orthodontics) were bonded to the center of the ceramic samples using tested material (n=10 for each material). Excess material was removed, and the cementing materials were polymerized from each side for 20 seconds. Specimens were either stored in water for 24 hours at 37o C or went under thermocycling for 5000 cycles. After the storage period, the specimens were subjected to shear bond strength test using an Instron universal machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. Loads to failure were recorded to calculate shear bond strength.
Comparison of released/recharged ions and shear bond strength were done by ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer HSD (α = 0.05) using JMP Pro 13.
RESULTS: RMGIC showed significantly higher fluoride release and recharge than BG composite and the control. BG showed significantly higher Ca and P ion release compared to RMGIC followed by composite. RMGIC and BG showed significant ion recharge capability compared to composite. For the shear bond strength, the control composite showed significantly higher shear bond strength than BG composite followed by RMGIC. Thermocycling significantly increase bond strength for RMGIC and control but not for BG composite.
CONCLUSIONS:
1. A fluoride containing bioactive glass composite was fabricated that showed the ability of ion release and recharge.
2. There was a significant difference in the amount of ion release and recharge among tested materials at different time points.
3. Favorable fluoride, calcium and phosphate ion release and recharge of BG composite were maintained over the testing period.
4. BG composite showed favorable bond strength to orthodontic metal brackets.
5. Thermocycling had a significant influence in bond strength for the materials tested except for BG composite.2020-07-18T00:00:00Z
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Gomes, Maria Luísa Lima da Quinta. "Agentes remineralizantes fluoretados e não fluoretados na abordagem das White Spot Lesions." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/9355.
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Objetivo: Rever a bibliografia científica disponível sobre a abordagem preventivoterapêutica mais atual das White Spot Lesions (WSL) em pacientes pediátricos
recorrendo a agentes remineralizantes fluoretados e não fluoretados.
Metodologia: Pesquisa bibliográfica de artigos científicos publicados nas bases de
dados: PubMed, B-On e Web Of Science, entre 1999 e 2019. Foram articulados termos
de pesquisa através dos marcadores booleanos AND e NOT e definidos critérios de
inclusão e exclusão para a seleção dos manuscritos. No total 17 artigos foram
analisados.
Tópico abordado: As WSL representam um tipo de lesão bastante prevalente nas
crianças. O sucesso na abordagem preventivo-terapêutica destas lesões depende do
diagnóstico precoce e da aplicação de agentes remineralizantes, cujo objetivo deve
residir na prevenção e interceção destas lesões em detrimento de tratamentos mais
invasivos. Os agentes remineralizantes atuais proporcionam não só uma intervenção
eficaz com o aumento do potencial de remineralização das lesões, mas também
contribuem para uma melhoria da estética associada.Objective: Review the available scientific literature on the most current preventivetherapeutic approach to White Spot Lesions (WSL) in pediatric patients using fluoridated and non-fluoridated remineralizing agents. Methods: Bibliographic search of scientific articles published in the databases: PubMed, B-On and Web Of Science, between 1999 and 2019. Search terms were articulated using the Boolean AND and NOT markers and defined inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of manuscripts. In total, 17 articles were analyzed. Subject: WSL represents a type of injury that is quite prevalent in children. The success in the preventive-therapeutic approach of these lesions depends on the early diagnosis and the application of remineralizing agents, whose objective should be to prevent and intercept these lesions to the detriment of more invasive treatments. The current remineralizing agents provide not only an effective intervention with increasing the potential for remineralization of the lesions, but also contribute to an improvement of the associated aesthetics.
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Maxfield, Blake J. "Perceived responsibility for the development of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2541.
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Soveral, Madalena dos Santos Vargas. "Intern and extern changes after treatment of icon infiltration resin : a systematic review and meta-analysis." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/38458.
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Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas MonizIntroduction: White spot lesion represents the first visual alteration in the enamel caused by caries. The progression of these lesions can be arrest with non-invasive treatments before cavitation. The thesis aims to analyze changes in the enamel after applying the infiltrant resin in white spot lesions, namely penetration depth, surface roughness, microhardness, and shear bond strength. Materials and Methods: The search was conducted in Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Web of Science, Scholar, and LILACS until May 2021. In-vitro studies that assess depth penetration, roughness, microhardness, and shear strength before and after resin infiltration were included. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Clinical Appraisal Checklist for Experimental Studies. Pairwise ratio of means meta-analyses allowed evaluating of the enamel properties, before and after resin infiltration, on enamel surfaces with and without white spot lesions. Results: From a total of 1604 articles, 48 were included for meta-analytic quantitative evaluation. In the parameter of enamel surface roughness there was an improvement by 35% in sound enamel (95% CI: 0.49-0.85, p<0.0021) and 54% (95% CI: 0.29; 0.74, 0.0012) in white spot lesions. Enamel microhardness was reduced by 24% (95% CI: 0.73; 0.80, p<0.001) and increased by 68% (95% CI: 1.51; 1.86, p<0.001) in white spot lesions. Shear strength in enamel was reduced by 25% in sound enamel (95% CI: 0.60; 0.95, p<0.001) and increased by 89% (95% CI: 1.28; 2.79, p<0.001) in white spot lesions. At penetration depth, the application of infiltrating resin led to occlusion of 65.39% (95% CI: 56.11; 74.66, p=0.01, I2=100%) of the white spot lesion. Conclusions: The application of infiltrating resin promotes recovery of enamel properties, both in healthy enamel and in white spot lesions. In the future, studies with defined protocols and appropriate controls are needed with long-term follow-ups.
Introdução: As lesões de white spot são as primeiras alterações do esmalte devido à cárie dentária e tratamentos não-invasivos têm sido sugeridos para travar a progressão da lesão. O objetivo desta tese é analisar as alterações da superfície do esmalte com e sem lesão de white spot após aplicação da resina infiltrativa, nomeadamente profundidade de penetração, rugosidade, microdureza e resistência ao cisalhamento. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada no Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Web of Science, Scholar, and LILACS até maio de2021. Estudos in-vitro que avaliam a profundidade de penetração, rugosidade, microdureza e resistência ao cisalhamento antes e depois da infiltração de resina foram incluídos. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada através do Joanna Briggs Institute Clinical Appraisal Checklist for Experimental Studies. Meta-análises pairwise de rácio de médias avaliaram as alterações das propriedades do esmalte com e sem lesão white spot. Resultados: De um total de 1604 artigos, 48 foram incluídos para avaliação quantitativa meta-analítica. A rugosidade de superfície do esmalte melhorou 35% (95% CI: 0.49-0.85, p<0.0021) no esmalte saudável e 54% (95% CI: 0.29-0.74, 0.0012) nas lesões de white spot. A microdureza reduziu 24% (95% CI: 0.73-0.80, p<0.001) no esmalte saudável e aumentou 68% (95% CI: 1.51-1.86, p<0.001) nas lesões de white spot. A força de cisalhamento reduziu 25% (95% CI: 0.60-0.95, p<0.001) no esmalte saudável e aumentou 89% (95% CI: 1.28-2.79, p<0.001) em lesões de white spot. A profundidade de penetração da resina infiltrativa levou à oclusão de 65,39% (95% CI: 56.11-74.66, p=0.01, I2=100%) da lesão de white spot. Conclusões: A aplicação da resina infiltrativa promove a recuperação das propriedades do esmalte, tanto em esmalte são como em lesões de white spot. Futuramente, estudos com controlos apropriados são necessários bem como follow-ups a longo prazo.
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Alwafi, Abdulraheem. "Comparisons of esthetic outcomes among treatment modalities for orthodontic-induced white spot lesions: split-mouth randomized clinical trial." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/26383.
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AIM: The aim of this study is to compare, in a randomized clinical trial, the appearance improvement of white spot carious lesions (WSL) treated with resin infiltration (RI) – ICON®, 5% sodium fluoride (22,600 parts per million (ppm) with fluoride varnish (FV), and to assess the synergistic effect of adding Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate- MI Paste® (MIP) to these treatment modalities.
METHODS: Forty subjects with unrestored WSL, after debanding fixed orthodontic appliances, were
recruited from the Department of Orthodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University. A randomized, split-mouth, and double-blind clinical trial design was used to allocate subjects to resin infiltration and fluoride varnish without MI Paste® (RI and FV), 20 patients, and resin infiltration and fluoride varnish with MI Paste® (RI-MIP and FV-MIP), 20 patients. Patients in the MI Paste® present treatment group given 6-weeks supply of MI Paste®. The assessment methods were: 1) patient self-assessment, 2) expert panel subjective assessment, 3) clinical caries assessment using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), and 4) actual lesion size assessment. Treatment efficacy was assessed after 4-6 weeks of application. The appearance improvement was analyzed at α level of 5% and a power of 90%.
RESULTS: Over 4-6 weeks, RI treatment appeared to have a higher mean difference between baseline and follow-up compared to fluoride varnish with a statistically significant difference across all assessment methods. The patient self-assessment mean difference was 1.07 (±1.49); 95% CI [0.59 - 1.55], the expert panel subjective assessment mean difference was 0.75 (±1.06); 95% CI [0.61 - 0.88], the ICDAS mean difference was 0.38 (± 0.43); 95% CI [0.24 - 0.52], and the actual size assessment mean difference was 0.07 (±0.16); 95% CI [0.01 - 0.12]. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean differences between RI and RI-MIP, nor between FV and FV-MIP across all assessment methods.
CONCLUSION: The results indicate that RI is significantly better in improving the appearance of WSLs when compared to FV. There is little evidence that use of MIP adds to the improvement of the appearance of WSL in conjunction with either modality.2019-09-26T00:00:00Z
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Cozin, Jeremie. "White spots - discussão sobre etiologia e fenómenos histológicos associados: uma revisão narrativa." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/10271.
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Os conceitos de desmineralização/ remineralização dentária, cárie dentária e lesões de mancha branca ou White Spots são discutidos na literatura atual com particular interesse, dado o seu determinante papel no prognóstico funcional e estético das peças dentárias envolvidas.
O objetivo desta revisão da literatura é: discutir conceitos de desmineralização/ remineralização numa perspetiva histológica e clínica, com foco principal na envolvência clínica das lesões de mancha branca ou White Spots.
Propõe-se uma revisão narrativa sobre a temática em análise, considerando principalmente os últimos 10 anos de publicação (2010 a 2020). Os termos de indexação utilizados foram “Desmineralização”; “Epidemiologia”; “Etiologia”; “Histologia”; “Remineralização”; “White Spot Lesions” e os termos equivalentes em língua inglesa. Foram utilizados de forma isolada ou em combinação.
O esmalte é o tecido dentário mais visível na cavidade oral e continua a constituir um enorme desafio relativamente à sua reparação, dada a singularidade da sua formação e organização histológica. As estratégias de remineralização e a prevenção da desmineralização são cruciais em Medicina Dentária.The concepts of dental demineralization / remineralization, dental caries and white spot lesions or White Spots are discussed in the current literature with particular interest, given their determinant role in the functional and aesthetic prognosis of the dental parts involved. The purpose of this literature review is: to discuss demineralization / remineralization concepts from a histological and clinical perspective, with a primary focus on the clinical involvement of white spot lesions or White Spots. A narrative review on the subject under analysis is proposed, considering mainly the last 10 years of publication (2010 to 2020). The indexing terms used were “Demineralization”; "Epidemiology"; "Etiology"; "Histology"; "Remineralization"; "White Spot Lesions". and equivalent terms in English. They were used alone or in combination. Enamel is the most visible dental tissue in the oral cavity and remains an enormous challenge in terms of its repair, given the uniqueness of its formation and histological organization. Remineralization strategies and the prevention of demineralization are crucial in dentistry.
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Eckstein, Amely. "Ausmaß und Beständigkeit der ästhetischen Verbesserung von Multibrackettherapie-induzierten White-Spot-Läsionen nach Icon-Infiltration -eine prospektive, randomisierte, splitmouth-kontrollierte klinische Studie." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E85-3.
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Monteiro, Patrícia Filipa Antunes. "Lesões de cárie não cavitadas no esmalte: atuação com agentes remineralizantes e infiltrantes." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5512.
Full textAbstract:
Tendo em conta os conceitos atuais da doença cárie dentária a necessidade de diagnóstico precoce das lesões de desmineralização que afetam o esmalte, pretendeu-se realizar uma revisão bibliográfica descritiva com os seguintes objetivos: descrever os principais conceitos acerca das lesões não cavitadas de cárie no esmalte, relacionadas com prevalência, gravidade, formas de deteção e registo; pretendeu-se ainda efetuar uma revisão da ação química dos agentes remineralizantes e infiltrantes, em lesões não cavitadas do esmalte, focando-se essencialmente na sua identificação, descrição, modos de apresentação, mecanismo de ação, modo de atuação clínica, principais evidências in vitro e in vivo sobre a ação dos remineralizantes e infiltrantes. Para tal, foi utilizada a metodologia PICO para a formulação das questões, avaliação e síntese da evidência empírica a incluir neste estudo. Os achados resultam da análise de 148 artigos, quer de perfil qualitativo, quer do perfil quantitativo, dos quais 104 são de revisões de literatura e 44 são empíricos, destes 44 artigos, 13 são relativos a infiltrantes e 31 são relativos a remineralizantes. Foram colocadas as palavras-chave: “enamel remineralization”, “ICDAS”, “white spot lesion”, “non-cavitated caries lesions”, “resin infiltration”, “infiltrants”, “dental caries detection”, “remineralizing agents”, “demineralization-remineralization” e “dental toothpaste”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos observacionais, in vivo e in vitro, revisões narrativas, sistemáticas e meta-análises, escritas em nomenclatura Inglesa, sem período temporal definido, dando no entanto mais relevo clínico a publicações entre os anos de 2005 e 2016. Os critérios de exclusão foram todos os artigos que se referissem a lesões na dentina ou lesões cavitadas de esmalte, lesões odontopediátricas, lesões de cárie de raiz e materiais restauradores que não fossem infiltrantes. Foi possível concluir que ambas as técnicas (atuação por agentes remineralizantes e por infiltração resinosa) são eficazes na remineralização de lesões cariosas incipientes no esmalte. Os agentes remineralizantes apresentam uma vasta gama de formulações de acordo com as necessidades de cada paciente, enquanto os infiltrantes por serem uma técnica ainda recente apenas apresentam um composto disponível comercialmente para a sua aplicação em consultório dentário.Given the current concepts of dental caries disease and the need for early diagnosis of enamel demineralization lesions this study intended to carry out a descriptive literature review with the following objectives: to describe the main concepts about the injuries of enamel non-cavitated carious lesions related to prevalence, severity, forms of detection and registration; it was intended also to perform a review on chemical action of remineralizing and infiltrating agents in non-cavitated enamel lesions, focusing primarily on the identification, description, presentation modes, mechanism of action, clinical performance mode and, the main evidence in vitro and in vivo regarding the action of remineralizing and infiltrating agents. For this purpose were analyzed and interpreted the studies conducted up to the present day and for that was used PICO method, evaluation and synthesis of empirical evidence to include in this study. Final findings resulted from the analysis of 148 articles (qualitative and quantitative profile) of which 104 publications were literature review and 44 were empirical, where 13 and 31 were related to infiltrants and remineralizing agents, respectively. keywords used: "enamel remineralization," "ICDAS", "white spot lesion", "non-cavitated caries lesions", "resin infiltration," "infiltrants," "dental caries detection", "remineralizing agents" "demineralization-remineralization" and "dental toothpaste." Inclusion criteria were observational studies, in vivo and in vitro, narrative reviews, systematic and meta-analysis, written in English; no time period was set on the literature research, giving however more relevance to publications between the years 2005 and 2016. As exclusion criteria was considered all publications not available in full text, and those that referred to dentin carious lesion or enamel cavitated carious lesions, odontopediatric injuries, root caries and restorative materials that were not infiltrating agents.It was possible to conclude that both techniques (actuation by remineralizing and resin infiltration agents) prove to be effective in the remineralization of enamel incipient caries. The remineralising agents present a wide range of formulations according to the needs of each patient, while infiltrating agentes showed to be a recent technical approach with only one commercially agent available for its application in the dental office.