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Academic literature on the topic 'Whispering gallery modes (WGMs)'

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Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Whispering gallery modes (WGMs)"

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da Silva, Jaime, Elie R. Salameh, M. Volkan Ötügen, and Dominique Fourguette. "Photonic Seismometer Based on Whispering Gallery Modes." Seismological Research Letters 93, no. 2A (January 26, 2022): 753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220210253.

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Abstract We present the concept of an all-optical seismometer based on the principle of optical whispering gallery modes (WGMs). The proposed sensor is compact, rugged, low power, and resistant to electromagnetic interference. A cantilever configuration of a fiber-pigtailed photonic integrated circuit with a ring resonator is employed as the sensing element. The measurement approach is based on the optical excitation of the WGMs of a ring resonator using a 1313 nm tunable diode laser. A digital signal processing system analyzes the recorded WGM scans. The base acceleration is calculated from the WGM shifts caused by the deformation of the optical ring resonator. A prototype seismometer is developed, calibrated, and tested. The frequency response of the seismometer is assessed by observing the free vibration of the sensor. The preliminary results are encouraging and suggest that a WGM-based optical seismometer is feasible.
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Woska, Simon, Lukas Rebholz, Pascal Rietz, and Heinz Kalt. "Intrinsic mode coupling in mirror-symmetric whispering gallery resonators." Optics Express 30, no. 18 (August 24, 2022): 32847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.459348.

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Rotationally symmetric micro-cavities with disk, ring or toroidal shape displaying whispering gallery modes (WGMs) play an essential role in modern-day photonics. Due to the reduced symmetry of such resonators compared to spheres, an exact analytical model yielding WGMs as solutions does not exist. The established WGM classification scheme based on approximated analytical solutions is generally useful but neglects a possible interaction between the different modes. In this paper, we assess the limitation of the validity of this established classification based on extensive finite element method (FEM) simulations. We investigate respective mode couplings as well as underlying selection rules based on avoided crossings of the modes’ resonance wavelengths. We propose conserved mode properties solely based on true symmetries of the underlying refractive-index distribution and deduce a novel WGM classification scheme.
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Dukin A. A. and Golubev V. G. "Features of the shape of the emission spectrum of a spherical microresonator with a high refractive index luminescent shell due to the polarization of the whispering gallery modes." Optics and Spectroscopy 130, no. 11 (2022): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/eos.2022.11.55107.3857-22.

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The effect of the thickness and refractive index of the shell on the amplitudes of lines of the TE and TM polarized whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in the emission spectrum of a microcavity structure consisting of a spherical core covered with a luminescent shell with a refractive index greater than that of the core is studied. The luminescence spectra of the shell, the radial distribution of the WGM field, and the mode parameters (wavelength, quality factor, and effective volume) are calculated using the method of spherical wave transfer matrices. It is shown that at certain subwavelength shell thicknesses, the amplitude of the TE mode emission peak is many times greater than the amplitude of the TM mode peak with the same polar, azimuthal, and radial indices. This is explained by the fact that with these parameters of the shell, WGMs propagate inside the shell as waveguide modes. Keywords: spherical microresonator, high refractive index luminescent shell, whispering gallery modes, mode polarization, amplitude of emission lines.
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Kogut, A. Ye, I. K. Kuzmichev, R. S. Dolia, S. O. Nosatiuk, Ye A. Shulha, and He Jaochan. "A shielded planar dielectric resonator with whispering gallery modes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Physical-Technical Series 63, no. 4 (January 12, 2019): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8358-2018-63-4-478-485.

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The spectral and energy characteristics of two planar dielectric resonators (DRs), open and shielded from the curvilinear surface, excited in higher-order modes as whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in Ka-waveband are investigated. These resonators are formed by a thin (compared to the operating wavelength) disk dielectric structure, located between two conducting planes. Thus, the E-field of the resonator was limited along the height of the planar disk by two conducting surfaces. The resonance properties of such a structure are determined by the condition of total internal reflection of waves from the internal curvilinear surface of a dielectric disk. The carried out investigations shown that the unloaded Q-factor is increased at the arrangement of planar dielectric disk inside the ring metal shield at the certain ratio of the radiuses of the shield and dielectric disk. The Q-factor of the shielded resonant structure at the high-frequency edge increases to 40 %. The partial displacement of the resonant field of the WGMs modes from the dielectric to the air gap is the cause of this effect. It leads to decrease in losses in the dielectric material. A computer simulation of the WGMs fields in the planar DR was carried out using the CST Microwave Studio 2013 software to confirm this effect. In addition, computer simulation results shown that these WGMs in the planar DR are characterized by a homogeneous distribution of the resonant field along the axial coordinate. The perspectives of using planar DR in solid-state Ka-band oscillators are shown.
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Dantham, Venkata Ramanaiah, and Prem Ballabh Bisht. "Influence of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) on energy transfer." Chemical Physics 388, no. 1-3 (September 2011): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.07.015.

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Zhou, Taojie, Kar Wei Ng, Xiankai Sun, and Zhaoyu Zhang. "Ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with three-dimensional whispering gallery modes." Nanophotonics 9, no. 9 (July 4, 2020): 2997–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0242.

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AbstractMicrodisk lasers are important components in photonic integrated circuits (PICs), of which the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) are usually confined within a two-dimensional (2D) planar slab. Here, owing to the strain relaxation of quantum wells by wet-etching method, we present ultra-thin curved visible microdisk lasers with single-mode lasing emission and a high quality factor of ∼17,000, which enable a 3D spatial intensity distribution of WGMs and provide an extra degree of freedom for the confined photons compared with the conventional 2D in-plane WGMs. The curved microdisk lasers with a 3D spatial profile of WGMs may provide attractive applications in flexible and multilevel photon sources for the PICs.
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Du, Xiao-Jing, Xu-Tao Tang, Bo Xie, Lin Ma, Ma-Long Hu, Jun He, and Zhong-Jian Yang. "Turning whispering-gallery-mode responses through Fano interferences in coupled all-dielectric block-disk cavities." Optics Express 31, no. 18 (August 17, 2023): 29380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.500562.

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Here, we theoretically demonstrate a strategy for efficiently turning whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) responses of a subwavelength dielectric disk through their near-field couplings with common low-order electromagnetic resonances of a dielectric block. Both simulations and an analytical coupled oscillator model show that the couplings are Fano interferences between dark high-quality WGMs and bright modes of the block. The responses of a WGM in the coupled system are highly dependent on the strengths and the relative phases of the block modes, the coupling strength, and the decay rate of the WGM. The WGM responses of coupled systems can exceed that of the individual disk. In addition, such a configuration will also facilitate the excitation of WGMs by a normal incident plane wave in experiments. These results could enable new applications for enhancing light-matter interactions.
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Okada, Naoki, James B. Cole, Shigeki Yamada, Kensuke Ogawa, and Yoshifumi Katayama. "Nonstandard FDTD Simulation-Based Design of CROW Wavelength Splitters." Advances in Optical Technologies 2011 (June 1, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/265702.

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The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm has been used in simulation-based designs of many optical devices, but it fails to reproduce high-Q whispering gallery modes (WGMs). On the other hand, the nonstandard (NS) FDTD algorithm can accurately compute WGMs and can be used to make simulation-based designs of WGM devices. Wavelength splitters using the coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROWs) based on WGM couplings have recently attracted attention because they are potentially ultracompact. In this paper, we design a CROW wavelength splitter using NS FDTD simulations and demonstrate high interchannel extinction ratios of over 20 dB.
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Michihata, Masaki, Akifumi Kawasaki, and Yasuhiro Takaya. "Precise Diameter Measurement of a Microsphere Based on Polarization Analysis of Whispering Gallery Mode Resonance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 870 (September 2017): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.870.108.

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Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonance is used for the diameter measuring method of a microsphere smaller than φ 1 mm. It is aimed to achieve measurement accuracy better than 10 nm. There are two electromagnetic modes for WGMs, and then mis-detection of the electromagnetic mode expands measurement errors more than 100 nm, so it is indispensably to distinguish the electromagnetic mode. As theoretical simulation implies, polarization mode of WGMs can be selectively excited by controlling polarization of the incident light in optical coupling. Based on the analysis, it was proofed experimentally that the polarization of WGMs could be classified. As a result, the diameter measurement for a microsphere was performed with measurement error of ± 1 nm.
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Siriroj, R., K. Srinuanjan, and P. P. Yupapin. "Micro Plasma Source Design Using WGMs a PANDA Ring." Advanced Materials Research 979 (June 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.979.3.

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Plasma is a one of state of matter that is produced by applying energy into gas or fluid like, where the ionized electrons from gas or fluid atoms to be free electrons. In this paper, the use of micro plasma source generation by using a PANDA ring resonator is introduced, in which the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) are formed within the center ring and can be used to create the high power of electromagnetic wave for gas plasma production. In application, the micro plasma source can be fabricated in small scale material process or others suitable operation. In this case, the plasma source can be decreased to be micro-scale device, where in fact, the common plasma source system size is large because the high energy source to produce high power plasma is required. Finally, the detail of using such small scale plasma source is discussed. The theoretical details of whispering gallery mode and quantum tunneling effects are also reviewed and discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Whispering gallery modes (WGMs)"

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Jana, Subha. "Biodetection using fluorescence energy transfer from Quantum dot excited whispering gallery modes to fluorescent acceptors." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLS081.

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La quantification de biomarqueurs spécifiques est un outil de diagnostic important. Les tests immunologiques standards tels que ELISA nécessitent de nombreuses étapes de lavage et une amplification du signal, en particulier à faible concentration. D'autre part, le transfert d'énergie résonant de type Förster (FRET) a été utilisé pour concevoir des tests biologiques homogènes en une seule étape qui ne nécessitent aucune étape de lavage, où le biomarqueur permet la formation d'un complexe "sandwich" impliquant des anticorps marqués par le donneur et d'autres marqués par l'accepteur. Le FRET du donneur vers l'accepteur fournit alors une signature optique de la formation du complexe, et donc du biomarqueur d'intérêt. Cependant, le FRET, qui est très sensible à la distance donneur-accepteur, ne se produit à un taux significatif que lorsque la distance donneur-accepteur est inférieure à 10 nm; la grande taille de nombreux complexes biologiques limite l'efficacité du transfert d'énergie, empêchant une détection sensible. Je propose ici une nouvelle modalité de transfert d'énergie qui utilise des microcavités optiques en solution. Ensuite, je décris un schéma de biodétection pour détecter un oligonucléotide biomarqueur de cancer en solution.À cette fin, j'ai conçu des structures de microcavité dans lesquelles des nanocristaux fluorescents sont placées à l'intérieur de microsphères diélectriques pour permettre un couplage fort de leur émission de fluorescence avec les modes de résonance de la cavité, appelés modes de galerie (WGM). J'ai étudié les propriétés structurelles et optiques de ces microcavités optiques. J'ai également caractérisé le transfert d'énergie entre ces modes et des nanoparticules acceptrices chargées de colorants présentes dans le champ évanescent, à quelques dizaines de nm au-dessus de la surface des microsphères. J’ai développé un modèle analytique pour caractériser les mécanismes de transfert d'énergie médié par les WGM (WGET). De plus, une comparaison entre WGET et FRET a révélé la supériorité du WGET dans le contexte de la construction de capteurs en termes de sensibilité et de portée de détection. Dans la dernière partie de la thèse, j’ai développé une stratégie pour fonctionnaliser ces microcavités optiques et leur permettre d'interagir avec des analytes cibles tels que l'ADN, l'ARN et les protéines avec une bonne spécificité. Cette stratégie a ensuite été adaptée pour fixer des sondes de capture d'ADN sur les microcavités activées par WGM. En utilisant les microsphères fixées à l'ADN comme donneur optique en combinaison avec des nanoparticules de colorants fonctionnalisées par un ADN complémentaire comme accepteurs optiques, un test de biodétection a été démontré avec succès pour détecter en solution un biomarqueur de cancer appelé survivine. Ce test a démontré une bonne sensibilité envers la cible, et s'est également avéré très spécifique. Le schéma de détection a été démontré dans un microscope confocal, au niveau de microsphères individuelles, puis transposé avec succès dans un instrument beaucoup plus simple tel qu'un spectrofluoromètre qui mesure la fluorescence de l'ensemble de la solution; la signature de la formation d'un complexe sandwich a été détectée efficacement.En conclusion, j'ai démontré que le transfert d'énergie assisté par microcavité présente plusieurs avantages par rapport aux tests FRET ordinaires. Un véritable test de biodétection basé sur le principe du WGET a également été conçu avec succès pour détecter des biomarqueurs du cancer avec une sensibilité et une spécificité élevées. Cette étude ouvre donc de nombreuses possibilités pour concevoir des tests plus performants et plus précis pour détecter diverses entités biologiques
Quantification of specific biomarkers is an important diagnostic tool. Standard immunoassays such as ELISA require extensive washing steps and signal amplification, in particular when the biomarker of interest is only present at very low concentrations. On the other hand, non-radiative Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been used to design one-step homogenous bioassays which do not require any washing steps, where the biomarker enables the formation of a sandwich complex involving donor-labeled and acceptor-labeled antibodies. FRET from the donor to the acceptor then provides an optical signature of the complex formation, hence of the biomarker of interest. However, FRET which is highly sensitive to the donor-acceptor distance, only occurs in a significant rate when the distance between the donor and acceptor is less than 10 nanometers; thus the large size of many biological complexes limits the efficiency of energy transfer, preventing sensitive detection. Here I propose a novel energy transfer modality that uses solution-phase optical microcavities to enhance energy transfer. Following that, I describe a bio-sensing scheme designed to detect a cancer biomarker DNA in solution.To this aim, I have designed microcavity structures in which fluorescent colloidal quantum dots are located inside dielectric polymer microspheres to enable strong coupling of their fluorescence emission with the cavity resonance modes or whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of the microspheres. A detailed study was carried out to comprehend the structural and optical properties of these optical microcavities. I also characterized the energy transfer between these modes and acceptor dye-loaded nanoparticles present in the evanescent field, within a few tens of nanometers above the microsphere surface. An analytical model was constructed to provide insights into the WGM mediated energy transfer (WGET) mechanisms. Moreover, a comparison between WGET and FRET revealed the superiority of WGET in the context of building sensors with improved sensitivity and longer range of detection. In the last part of the thesis, a strategy is discussed in detail to provide biological functionalities to these optical microcavities which would enable them to interact with target analytes such as DNA, RNA, and proteins with high specificity, and moreover to reduce non-specific interactions. This strategy then was adapted to attach DNA capture probes onto the WGM enabled microcavities. Using the DNA attached microspheres as optical donor in combination with probe-DNA functionalized dye nanoparticles as optical acceptors, a biosensing assay has been successfully demonstrated to detect a cancer biomarker DNA called survivin in the solution phase. This assay did not only show good sensitivity towards the target, but also it has proven to be highly specific. The detection scheme has been demonstrated in a sophisticated confocal microscope at the single microsphere level, then successfully translated to a much simpler spectrofluorometer that measures fluorescence from the whole sample solution; the signature of the sandwich complex formation was also effectively detected.In conclusion, I demonstrated that microcavity-assisted energy transfer has several advantages over regular FRET assays. A real bio-sensing assay based on the WGET principle has also been successfully designed to detect cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. This study thus opens up many possibilities to design high-performing and more accurate assays to detect varieties of biological entities
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Shah, Suhani Kiran. "Modeling scattered intensity from microspheres in evanescent field." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2021.

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Yue, HongQuan. "Optical whispering gallery modes in chalcogenide As2Se3 microspheres." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104591.

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Anisotropic chalcogenide microsphere is introduced for coupling theoretical analyzing and coupling experiment. Whispering Gallery Modes (WGMs) of isotropic microsphere is introduced and the TE & TM WGMs dispersion relationship is derived from electromagnetic vector equations in the spherical coordinate. The Maxwell equations can be solved in 2D model for the 3D model of axisymmetric or Rotational symmetry isotropic microsphere. First 4 TE&TM WGMs are simulated in 2D model using finite-element weak method. The binding capability, mode volume V and quality factor Q depend on the refractive index and size of the microsphere. Plane wavefront light wave is assumed to propagate inside the microsphere; coupling coefficient is determined by WGMs numbers and the distance between the microsphere and the micro-taper. Coupling related Q factor is analyzed; TE & TM nonlinear microsphere coupling is introduced with Matlab simulation. Chalcogenide coupling experiments for transmission, reflection and drop-port function are conducted. The light waves for coupling are broadband incoherent light source and narrowband tunable laser. Broadband light gave sensitive results while the coherent laser gave easy coupling capability.The chalcogenide microsphere was used as a feedback element of an amplifying medium. Comparing with silica microsphere, chalcogenide microsphere?s response is more unstable due to free carriers perturbation and thermal activity.
Cette thèse présente une analyse théorique et expérimentale du couplage des microsphères anisotropes en verre de chalcogénure. Les modes de galerie résonants (WGMS) de microsphères isotrope sont aussi présentés et la relation de dispersion TE et TM des WGMS est dérivée à partir des équations vectorielles électromagnétiques en coordonnées sphériques. Les équations de Maxwell peuvent être résolues en 2D pour la résolution en 3D de microsphères axisymétriques ou a symétrie rotationnelle isotrope. Les quatre premiers WGMS TE et TM sont simulés dans le modèle 2D en utilisant la méthode des éléments finis. La capacité de liaison, le volume modal V et facteur de qualité Q dépendent de l'indice de réfraction et de la taille de la microsphère. On décompose une onde lumineuse en multiples fronts d'onde plan à l'intérieur de la microsphère; le coefficient de couplage entre une microsphère et un microfil est déterminé par le nombre de WGMS et la distance entre la microsphère et microfil. Le facteur de qualité Q est analysé; le couplage TE & TM de microsphères non linéaire est introduit à partir de simulations Matlab. Des expériences de couplage pour la transmission, la réflexion et le port à fonction «drop» sont conduites. Les ondes lumineuses pour le couplage proviennent d'une source de lumière à large bande incohérent et d'une source laser étroite accordable à bande étroite. La lumière à large bande a donné des résultats à haute sensibilité tandis que le laser cohérent facilite la mesure de couplage.En dernier lieu, les microsphères de chalcogénure ont été utilisées comme élément de rétroaction pour un milieu amplificateur. En comparaison avec des microsphères de silice, les microsphères de chalcogénure génèrent une réponse qui est plus instable due à la perturbation par les porteurs libres et l'activité thermique.
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Foster, David H. "Fabry-Perot and Whispering Gallery Modes In Realistic Resonator Models." Thesis, view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3211216.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-213). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Dinyari, Khodadad. "Coupling Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Diamond Nanopillars Whispering Gallery Microresonators." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12962.

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For cavity quantum electrodynamics systems (cavity-QED) to play a role in quantum information processing applications and in quantum networks, they must be robust and scalable in addition to having a suitable method for the generation, processing and storage of quantum bits. One solution is to develop a composite system that couples a nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond to a whispering gallery mode supported by a fused silica microsphere. Such a system is motivated by the optical and electron-spin properties of the NV center. The NV center is the leading spin-qubit and exhibits atomic like linewidths at cryogenic temperatures and has spin coherence times greater than milliseconds at room temperature. These long coherence times, coupled with nanosecond scale spin readout and manipulation times, allow for millions of quantum operations to be processed. Silica whispering gallery resonators are the only class of microresonators with quality factor high enough to reach the strong coupling regime, which is necessary for some quantum information processing applications. Integrating these two components into a system that could position a diamond nanopillar near the surface of a deformed-double stemmed microsphere system, with nanometer precision, at 10 K was a major achievement of this research. Cavity resonances in deformed microspheres can be excited with a free-space coupling technique which simplifies their integration into cryogenic environments. In these intentionally deformed resonators, an enhanced evanescent field decay length was observed at specific locations along the ray orbit. The double-stem arrangement enables the cavity resonance to be tuned over 450 GHz, with sub-10 MHz resolution, at 10 K. These two features, the enhanced decay length and broad range tuning with high resolution, are indispensible tools for cavity-QED studies with silica microspheres. Diamond nanopillars were fabricated from single crystal diamond with diameters as small as 140 nm in order to maintain a high quality factor. Studies were conducted on NV centers in nanopillars and bulk diamond to determine their suitability for cavity-QED applications. In an attempt to increase the light-matter interaction between NV centers and whispering gallery modes, diamond substrates were optically characterized that were irradiated with nitrogen ions.
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Pang, Shuo. "Whispering gallery modes in quantum dot-embedded dielectric microspheres for tagless remote refractometric sensing." Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85998.

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This thesis presents the development of a refractometric sensor based on quantum dot-embedded polystyrene microspheres. The technique uses optical resonances within a microsphere, known as Whispering-Gallery Modes (WGMs), which produce narrow spectral peaks. The basic theory of WGMs is reviewed and specifically discussed for biosensing application. The spectral shifts of WGM peaks are sensitive to changes in the local refractive index. In the experiments, two-photon excited luminescence from the quantum dots couples into several WGMs within the microresonator. By optimizing the detection area, the spectral visibility of the WGMs is improved. The spectral shifts are measured as the surrounding index of refraction changes. The experimental sensitivity is about five times greater than that predicted by Mie theory. The sensor element is based on commercially available dielectric microspheres with a diameter about 10 μm. Thus, the technique is more economic and suitable for sensing applications, compared to microspheres of 100 μm in size which can only be made in the laboratory.
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Fraser, Michael John. "Optical Fiber Microstructures for Self-Contained Whispering Gallery Mode Excitation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73659.

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Optical resonators, which confine light by resonant recirculation, serve as the basis for a wide variety of optical components. Though they appear in many geometric forms, the most effective of optical resonators show axial symmetry in at least one dimension. A popular variation that finds broad application is the dielectric sphere. Acclaimed for their high quality (Q) factor and small modal volume, spheres owe credit of these attractive features to their support of whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonances. The sensitivity of a resonance's frequency and Q to strain, temperature, and other parameters of the surrounding medium can be the basis for ultracompact modulators and sensors. Physically, WGMs are special optical modes which can be understood as light rays that orbit the equator of the sphere guided by total internal reflection. Like a smooth stone can be skipped along the surface of a pond, light can be confined to the inside of a sphere by successive reflections. To best excite WGMs, the source light should initially trace a line tangent to the sphere's circumference. But incorporating a tiny sphere with such nanometric tolerances into a practical sensor structure has its challenges and the prospects for microsphere applications have suffered because of the plight of this problem. The work in this dissertation details the fabrication and function of three new "press fit" spherical resonators. These etched fiber micro-devices were developed to meet the demand for a robust, self-integrated means of coupling light between an optical fiber and WGMs in a microsphere resonator. The etching processes have been tuned to enable secure storage of a microsphere while also providing efficient excitation and interrogation of WGMs. Furthermore, the methods have been designed to be staightforward, quick, and repeatable. Using standard etchants on common polarization-maintaining fiber with readily purchased microspheres, the press fit resonators demonstrated here can be batch-fabricated and assembled. The press fit spherical resonator offers an alignment-free and conveniently pigtailed WGM coupler that has great potential for bio-science sensing applications and studies of resonant bispheres.
Ph. D.
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Auxemery, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude des paramètres électriques et électromagnétiques des modes de galerie des résonateurs diélectriques." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO4001.

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Deux méthodes d'analyses électromagnétiques des Whispering Gallery (W. G) modes des R. D. Sont présentées dans ce mémoire. Une méthode approximative analytique et la méthode des éléments finis permettent de connaître avec précision la fréquence de fonctionnement et la cartographie du champ électromagnétique d'une structure microonde. Ces résultats couplés à une analyse électrique des dispositifs à résonateurs diélectriques ont permis la réalisation de filtres directifs et d'un combineur de puissance utilisant les W. G. Modes des résonateurs diélectriques.
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Klusmann, Carolin [Verfasser], and H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kalt. "Hybrid Photonic–Plasmonic Modes in Coated Whispering-Gallery Resonators / Carolin Klusmann ; Betreuer: H. Kalt." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1191267466/34.

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Cros, Dominique. "Les whispering gallery modes des resonateurs dielectriques : application aux oscillateurs et combineurs de puissance millimetriques." Limoges, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIMO0108.

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L'objectif de ce travail a ete l'analyse, la conception, la realisation et le test d'oscillateurs et de combineurs de puissance pouvant fonctionner dans la bande millimetrique 90-100 ghz. L'absence d'analyseur de reseau dans cette bande de frequence, nous a tout d'abord conduit a la mise au point d'un banc de mesure manuel des caracteristiques des dispositifs millimetriques. Puis, les oscillateurs et les combineurs de puissance etant constitues par l'association d'un circuit actif et d'un circuit passif, nous nous sommes plus particulierement interesses a l'analyse de ces derniers. C'est ainsi qu'utilisant la methode numerique des elements finis, ont pu etre successivement definis les parametres electromagnetiques (frequence de resonance, repartition du champ) et electriques (schema equivalent) des circuits associant des lignes de transmission microstrip et des r. D. Excites sur leurs whispering gallery modes. Les modeles mis au point ont ensuite ete valides experimentalement a 100 ghz lors de la realisation et du test d'un oscillateur millimetrique a diode gunn delivrant 5 mw, et d'un combineur de puissance permettant d'additionner la puissance de sortie de trois sources independantes
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Books on the topic "Whispering gallery modes (WGMs)"

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60235-2.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing: From Physical Principles to Applications. Springer International Publishing AG, 2020.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing: From Physical Principles to Applications. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing: From Physical Principles to Applications. Springer International Publishing AG, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Whispering gallery modes (WGMs)"

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Applications of WGM Microcavities in Physics." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 175–255. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_4.

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Shen, Zhen. "Whispering Gallery Modes Microcavity." In Experimental Research of Cavity Optomechanics, 13–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4458-7_2.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Whispering Gallery Modes in Optical Microcavities." In Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, 117–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60235-2_3.

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Kawashima, Hitoshi, and Toshifumi Hasama. "Photonic Wavepacket in Whispering-Gallery Modes." In Ultrafast Phenomena XIII, 241–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59319-2_75.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Whispering Gallery Modes in Optical Microcavities." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 119–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_3.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Surface Plasmon Resonance." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 63–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_2.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Sensing with Light." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 1–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_1.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Fundamentals of Quantum Optics." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 347–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_6.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Molecular Cavity QED." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 399–446. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_7.

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Vollmer, Frank, and Deshui Yu. "Single Molecule Sensing." In Optical Whispering Gallery Modes for Biosensing, 257–345. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06858-4_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Whispering gallery modes (WGMs)"

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Birks, T. A., and J. C. Knight. "Excitation of Whispering Gallery Modes in Fibres by Fibres." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cthi2.

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We have recently reported the use of a narrow single-mode fibre taper to excite whispering gallery modes (WGMs) in fused silica microspheres[1]. Here we demonstrate the similar excitation of WGMs in dielectric cylinders. The dielectric cylinder is itself a tapered fibre, made by stretching the fibre in a flame to give a filament of predictable diameter. The two tapers are positioned at right angles and in contact. The transmission spectrum of the "sensor" taper (measured using a tunable diode laser) has dips at wavelengths where light is coupled from its guided mode to a WGM in the "target" taper.
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Manzo, Maurizio, and Ryan Schwend. "A Novel Microlaser Based Plasmonic-Polymer Hybrid Resonator." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86998.

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Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators exhibit high quality factor Q and a small mode volume; they usually exhibit high resolution when used as sensors. The light trapped inside a polymeric micro-cavity travels through total internal reflection generating the whispering gallery modes (WGMs). A laser or a lamp is used to power the microlaser by using a laser dye embedded within the resonator. The excited fluorescence of the dye couples with the optical modes. The optical modes (laser modes) are seen as sharp peaks in the emission spectrum with the aid of an optical interferometer. The position of these optical modes is sensitive to any change in the morphology of the resonator. However, the laser threshold of these microlasers is of few hundreds of microjoules per square centimeter (fluence) usually. In addition, the excitation wavelength’s light powering the device must be smaller than the microlasers size. When metallic nanoparticles are added to the microlaser, the excited surface plasmon couples with the emission spectrum of the laser dye. Therefore, the fluorescence of the dye can be enhanced by this coupling; this in turn, lowers the power threshold of the microlaser. Also, due to a plasmonic effect, it is possible to use smaller microlasers. In addition, a new sensing modality is enabled based on the variation of the optical modes’ amplitude with the change in the morphology’s microlaser. This opens a new avenue of low power consumption microlasers and photonics multiplexed biosensors.
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Tatel, Gerard, and Xiaoyi Bao. "Microsphere coupled off-core fiber sensor for ultrasound sensing." In Optical Fiber Sensors. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofs.2022.w4.70.

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A compact fiber ultrasound-sensing device comprised of a Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) microsphere coupled to an open cavity off-core Fabry-Perot (FP) fiber sensor fabricated through lateral offset splicing single mode fiber (SMF-28) is proposed and demonstrated. The multiple passes of the FPI enabled by the high refractive index microsphere brought a 40dB enhancement of finesse. The broadband ultrasound sensing over 0.1- 45 MHz is achieved by selecting whispering gallery modes (WGMs) via varying microsphere position. The scattering and internal reflection of light in the microsphere is enabled by multibeam interference, leading to an increase in passages and WGMs at specific resonant wavelengths, and hence the high contrast and quality factor of the transmission spectrum are obtained for broadband ultrasound detection at high sensitivity. The optimized lateral offset is governed by the diameter of the microsphere to maximize the frequency response of the acoustic wave of a piezoelectric transducer centered at 3.7 MHz.
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Quan, Haiyong, and Zhixiong Guo. "Radiation Transfer in Whispering-Gallery Mode Microcavities." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80012.

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Micro/nanoscale radiation transfer in whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microcavities is investigated. Each cavity consists of a waveguide and a microdisk coupled in a planar chip. In order to characterize the WGM resonance phenomena, studies of configuration parameters, specifically the microdisk size, the gap distance separating the microdisk and waveguide, and the waveguide width are numerically conducted. The finite element method is used for solving Maxwell’s equations which govern the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) field and the radiation energy transport in the micro/nanoscale WGM structures. The EM fields and the radiation energy distributions in the microcavities are then obtained. The scattering spectra for three different microdisk sizes are also obtained; and through which the WGM resonant properties such as the quality factor, the full-width at half maximum (FWHM), the free spectral range, and the finesse of the resonant modes are analyzed. It is found that the resonant frequencies and their free spectral ranges are predominantly determined by the size of the microcavity; while the FWHM, finesse, and quality factor are strong functions of the gap.
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Gizatulin, Azat, and Albert Sultanov. "Application of whispering gallery modes (WGM) in optical communications." In optical-technologies-in-telecommunications-2017, edited by Vladimir A. Andreev, Vladimir A. Burdin, Oleg G. Morozov, Albert H. Sultanov, and Anton V. Bourdine. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2317739.

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Quan, Haiyong, and Zhixiong Guo. "Characterization of Optical Microcavity Whispering-Gallery-Mode Resonators." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72263.

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In the past decade, optical microcavity whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators have received increasing attention for applications in optical communications and nanotechnology. In this paper, the theory for describing radiation transfer and heat transfer in the micro/nanoscale devices is presented first. Then the characteristics of waveguide-microdisk coupling WGM miniature resonators are numerically studied. Focus is placed on the parametric studies over a broad range of resonator configuration parameters including the microcavity size and the gap separating the microdisk and waveguide. The finite element method is used for solving Maxwell’s equations which govern the propagation of electromagnetic field and the radiation energy transport in the micro/nanoscale devices. The EM field and the radiation energy distributions are obtained and compared between the on-resonance and off-resonance cases. A very brilliant ring with strong EM field and high radiation intensity is found inward the periphery of the microdisk under resonances and high energy storage is achieved. The microdisk size affects significantly the resonant frequencies and their intervals. The scattering spectra for three different microcavity sizes are obtained. The gap obviously influences the qualify factor, the full width at half maximum, and the finesse of the resonant modes as well as the capability of energy storage.
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Jalaludeen, Mohammed Zia, Shilong Li, and Síle Nic Chormaic. "Internal Structure of Hollow Microbubble Resonators." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2022.jw5a.96.

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Li, Fu, Zhoutian Fu, Di Jia, and Lan Yang. "Observation of Optomechanical Solitons in a WGM Microresonator." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.2023.tu3a.3.

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Mechanical solitons, as a counterpart of optical solitons, have been observed in an optical whispering gallery mode (WGM) toroidal microresonator through nonlinear optomechanical interaction. This new mechanism expands the solitons into a different spectrum window.
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Wang, Zhizheng, Yiang Qin, and A. Ping Zhang. "Optically 3D μ-printed directional-emission WGM microlasers for on-chip integrated sensing." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2023.atu3r.2.

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An optical 3D micro-printing method is presented to directly print polymer whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microlaser with deformed microcavity. It can rapidly and precisely tailor the geometry of optical WMG microcavities for on-chip integrated sensing applications.
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Frenkel, Matthew, Marlon Avellan, and Zhixiong Guo. "Optical Whispering-Gallery Mode Phenomenon as a Composite Sensor With Applications to Direct On-Chip Thermal Sensing." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17245.

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Optical Whispering-Gallery Mode (WGM) resonators can be fabricated with very high quality factors allowing for their use as high resolution sensors in a myriad of fields ranging from quantum electro-dynamics (QED) to pressure sensing. In this paper, we focus on integrating WGM as a dynamic temperature measurement device. The WGM sensors are fabricated onto the heating element, instead of acting as an indirect temperature sensor, allowing for direct monitoring of an area of interest. An adaptation to the WGM theoretical model, to include the thermal expansion of the composite system, is discussed and analyzed.
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