Journal articles on the topic 'Wheelchair and seating service provision'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Wheelchair and seating service provision.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Wheelchair and seating service provision.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
White, Elizabeth, and Bill Lemmer. "Effectiveness in Wheelchair Service Provision." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 61, no. 7 (July 1998): 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269806100702.
Full textAbstract:
Services that provide wheelchairs to permanently disabled people have undergone fundamental changes following the recommendations of the McColl report in 1986. The devolution of centralised wheelchair services to the National Health Service (NHS) health districts in 1991 coincided with the implementation of the government's proposals for NHS reforms and community care initiatives. This paper describes a four-part research study, undertaken to identify and investigate key factors which propose effectiveness in the post-devolution wheelchair service. The sample comprised 125 wheelchair therapists as service providers and a total of 130 service users. The user sample consisted of 84 people issued with NHS manual wheelchairs, 27 indoor powered wheelchair users and 19 special seating users. An integrated methodology was employed, including questionnaires, interviews, participant observation and case studies. The research identified the development of client-centred referral and assessment procedures for wheelchairs and seating, and highlighted the need for increased therapist training. Close links between wheelchair services and local therapists were found, providing greater access to assessment for wheelchair users. An increased demand for wheelchairs outside the NHS range and a rising number of referrals for elderly people were recorded, although the management of finite resources resulted in eligibility criteria designed to control supply and provision variations between districts.
2
Cox, Diane L. "Wheelchair Needs for Children and Young People: A Review." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 66, no. 5 (May 2003): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802260306600506.
Full textAbstract:
This work was commissioned by a charity, the Physical Disability and Sensory Impairment Forum, owing to local parental concerns relating to the assessment for and provision of mobility equipment. The project was set up as a preliminary investigation to consider those concerns. A literature review was carried out in order to establish current practice in the National Health Service wheelchair service in England, the role of the wheelchair in children's mobility, the wheelchair and seating needs of children and the met and unmet need. A questionnaire was distributed to children and their parents to gain their views. The response rate was disappointingly poor and, therefore, the results are not presented. However, the full report is available from the author.
3
Ham, RO. "Monitoring wheelchair and seating provision." Clinical Rehabilitation 7, no. 2 (May 1993): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026921559300700208.
Full text
4
White, Elizabeth A. "Wheelchair special seating: need and provision." British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 6, no. 6 (June 1999): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjtr.1999.6.6.13970.
Full text
5
Barnes, Michael P. "Standards in Neurological Rehabilitation, June 1997." Behavioural Neurology 10, no. 2-3 (1997): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1997/467394.
Full textAbstract:
The European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS) Scientific Panel on Neurorehabilitation established a Task Force on standards in neurological rehabilitation in June 1996. The remit for the Task Force was to: (1) produce a report on the state of neurological rehabilitation across Europe; and (2) recommend standards for the provision of neurological services for disabled people. The main conclusions of the Task Force were as follows: (1) A questionnaire circulated to each European member country has indicated a significant lack of adequate neurological rehabilitation facilities across Europe. Very few countries have any established network of neurological rehabilitation centres. Few countries have adequately trained neurological rehabilitation physicians, therapists or nurses. Such poor facilities should be seen in the context of the large numbers and increasing prevalence of people with neurological disabilities. (2) The Task Force has summarized the significant benefits that can follow from the establishment of a dedicated and cost effective neurological rehabilitation service including functional improvement, reduction of unnecessary complications, better coordination and use of limited resources, improved opportunities for education, training and research and a clear point of contact for the disabled person. (3) The Task Force recommends minimum standards for the prevention of neurological disability including access to health education, genetic counselling and emergency resources. The Task Force also encourages governments to invest in improved legislation for accident prevention. (4) The Task Force has outlined some minimum standards for the staffing of a neurological rehabilitation service including improved training both for neurologists and rehabilitation physicians. Such training could include a cross-national training programme both for physicians and other health care staff. (5) The Task Force supports a two-tier system of neurological services. We believe that disabled individuals should have access to a regional specialist service as well as a local community service. The regional specialist service would cater for people with more complicated and severe disabilities, including spinal injury and severe brain injury. The regional centres would provide specialist expertise for wheelchairs and special seating, orthotics, continence and urological services, aids and equipment including communication aids and environmental controls, prosthetics and driving assessment. The Task Force additionally endorses the development of local and community based rehabilitation teams with clear links to the regional centre. (6) The Task Force recognizes the limited amount of rehabilitation research and encourages individuals, universities and governments to invest more in rehabilitation research. Such investment should produce benefits for disabled people and their carers and in the long term benefits for the national economy. (7) The Task Force realizes that neurological rehabilitation is poorly developed both in Europe and the world as a whole. We firmly endorse international co-operation in this field and are happy to co-operate with any international organization in order to develop such links for clinical, educational or research initiatives. (8) The Task Force encourages individual countries to produce a document summarizing their own situation with regard to these standards and to produce a timetable for action to improve their situation. The EFNS Task Force would be pleased to assist in the publication of such deliberations or to act as a focus for international education and research or for sharing of examples of good practice.
6
Dolan, Michael John, and Graham Iain Henderson. "Patient and equipment profile for wheelchair seating clinic provision." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 9, no. 2 (June 19, 2013): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17483107.2013.807441.
Full text
7
Ross, E. Van. "Pushchairs." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 15, no. 1 (April 1991): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649109164274.
Full textAbstract:
Pushchairs for adults are used by two distinct groups: the high dependency users who cannot walk or use a self-propelling chair and the occasional users who may be able to walk indoors but are unable to walk significant distances outdoors. In the past, both disparate groups were provided with similiar wheelchairs described as Model 9 or Model 10 in the United Kingdom. For the high dependency user the wheelchair may be individually adapted to accept specialized supportive seating and pressure relief cushions. The standard wheelchair without adaptation is supplied to the occasional user. For disabled children, the UK wheelchair service provides about 1200 pushchairs and buggies. About 400 of those are the more specialized type such as the Avon, while the rest are standard children's buggies, openly available at a High Street shop. The continued free supply of the standard buggy through the UK Wheelchair Service is questionable. A recent survey carried out by the UK Wheelchair Service showed that prescribers were not aware of the importance of lightness. foldability and appearance to parents and carers and conversely that parents often did not understand the necessity for supportive seating. The prevention of deformities in children by providing correctly supportive wheelchair seating is accepted. The Disablement Services Authority in the UK is investigating the possibilities of producing children's wheelchairs that will satisfy the requirements of user, parent and prescriber.
8
Kenny, Siobhan, and Rosemary Joan Gowran. "Outcome Measures for Wheelchair and Seating Provision: A Critical Appraisal." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 77, no. 2 (February 2014): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4276/030802214x13916969447119.
Full text
9
Barlow, Ingrid G., Lili Liu, and Angela Sekulic. "Wheelchair Seating Assessment and Intervention: A Comparison between Telerehabilitation and Face-to-Face Service." International Journal of Telerehabilitation 1, no. 1 (September 4, 2009): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2009.868.
Full textAbstract:
This study compared outcomes of wheelchair seating and positioning interventions provided by telerehabilitation (n=10) and face-to-face (n=20; 10 in each of two comparison groups, one urban and one rural). Comparison clients were matched to the telerehabilitation clients in age, diagnosis, and type of seating components received. Clients and referring therapists rated their satisfaction and identified if seating intervention goals were met. Clients recorded travel expenses incurred or saved, and all therapists recorded time spent providing service. Wait times and completion times were tracked. Clients seen by telerehabilitation had similar satisfaction ratings and were as likely to have their goals met as clients seen face-to-face; telerehabilitation clients saved travel costs. Rural referring therapists who used telerehabilitation spent more time in preparation and follow-up than the other groups. Clients assessed by telerehabilitation had shorter wait times for assessment than rural face-to-face clients, but their interventions took as long to complete. Keywords: Telerehabilitation, Telehealth, Videoconferencing, Wheelchair Seating, Outcomes, Rehabilitation
10
Trefler, E., and S. J. Taylor. "Prescription and positioning: Evaluating the physically disabled individual for wheelchair seating." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 15, no. 3 (December 1991): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649109164291.
Full textAbstract:
Within the past 10 years, technology has provided members of the seating team with new approaches in dealing with severely physically disabled children and adults. Positioning is often the first step in overall provision of technical aids. Before physically disabled individuals can operate augmentative communication devices, computer keyboards or other assistive or rehabilitative devices, they should be provided with the optimum seated posture from which to operate. The proximal stability provided by a therapeutically designed seating system will enhance motor potential. Presently, there are many approaches to providing dynamic seating. A thorough evaluation, with input from all team members including the client and his family is necessary to define clearly the goals for the seating device. Once these goals are defined, the team can investigate the possible technical solutions. Thorough ongoing re-evaluation and follow-up of both the client's needs and the possible technical solutions will ensure that persons with physical disabilities will be in the best possible posture to perform the tasks of daily living.
11
Gowran, Rosemary Joan, Nathan Bray, Mary Goldberg, Paula Rushton, Marie Barhouche Abou Saab, David Constantine, Ritu Ghosh, and Jonathan Pearlman. "Understanding the Global Challenges to Accessing Appropriate Wheelchairs: Position Paper." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 24, 2021): 3338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073338.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Appropriate wheelchairs are often essential for the health and wellbeing of people with mobility impairments to enhance fundamental freedoms and equal opportunity. To date, provision has mainly focused on just delivering the wheelchair instead of following an evidence-based wheelchair service delivery process. In addition, many governments have not committed to a national wheelchair provision policy. Approach: To prepare this position paper, a systemic development model, founded on the sustainable human security paradigm, was employed to explore the global challenges to accessing appropriate wheelchairs. Positions: I: Consideration of key perspectives of wheelchair provision across the life course is essential to meet the needs to children, adults, older people and their families; II: Comprehensive wheelchair service delivery processes and a competent workforce are essential to ensure appropriate wheelchair service provision; III: Evaluations on wheelchair product quality development, performance and procurement standards are key as wheelchair product quality is generally poor; IV: Understanding the economic landscape when providing wheelchairs is critical. Wheelchair funding systems vary across jurisdictions; V: Establishing wheelchair provision policy is a key priority, as specific policy is limited globally. Conclusion: The vision is to take positive action to develop appropriate and sustainable wheelchair service provision systems globally, for me, for you, for us.
12
Giesbrecht, Ed M., Paula W. Rushton, and Evemie Dubé. "Wheelchair service provision education in Canadian occupational therapy programs." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): e0262165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262165.
Full textAbstract:
Occupational therapists in Canada play a central role in wheelchair service provision. Inadequate entry-to-practice professional education has been identified as a major concern in the delivery of wheelchair related services. The goal of this study was to describe the current education provided in Canadian occupational therapy programs and to map this content against the recommended WHO 8-step wheelchair service provision process. The study used a descriptive cross-sectional online survey design. Educators were recruited from accredited occupational therapy programs in Canada. Participants completed a short sociodemographic questionnaire and a survey with 97 closed- and open-ended questions regarding the wheelchair service provision education provided in their curriculum. Survey data was then mapped according to the WHO 8-step wheelchair service provision process. Twenty-nine educators from all Canadian occupational therapy programs (n = 14) were enrolled. Most participants (55.2%) were full-time faculty members that had been teaching in occupational therapy programs for an average time of 10.9 years. All programs covered at least 4 of the WHO recommended steps, but only 5 programs covered all steps. Assessment and Prescription steps were covered in every program while the Referral & Appointment, Funding & Ordering, Fitting and User Training steps were covered in most programs. The pedagogic approach, the amount of time dedicated to wheelchair-related content, and the type of evaluation used varied greatly between programs. This study is the first to provide a detailed description of wheelchair service provision education across all Canadian occupational therapy programs according to the WHO 8 steps and provides a foundation for collaborative efforts to promote best practice in entry-to-practice professional education.
13
Collins, F. "An adequate service? Specialist seating provision in the UK." Journal of Wound Care 10, no. 8 (September 2001): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jowc.2001.10.8.26115.
Full text
14
Dolan, Michael John. "Clinical standards for National Health Service wheelchair and seating services in Scotland." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 8, no. 5 (December 21, 2012): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17483107.2012.744103.
Full text
15
Burrola-Mendez, Yohali, Maria Luisa Toro-Hernández, Mary Goldberg, and Jon Pearlman. "Implementation of the hybrid course on basic wheelchair service provision for Colombian wheelchair service providers." PLOS ONE 13, no. 10 (October 4, 2018): e0204769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204769.
Full text
16
Toro-Hernández, María L., Liliana Alvarez, María C. Vargas-Chaparro, and Mary Goldberg. "Final Year Students’ Knowledge on Basic Manual Wheelchair Provision: The State of Occupational Therapy Programs in Colombia." Occupational Therapy International 2020 (April 29, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3025456.
Full textAbstract:
Access to personal mobility is a human right and as such, it implies the provision of wheelchair services for those with mobility impairments that need one. Lack of appropriately trained personnel is a major contributor to the gap in access to wheelchairs. Assistive technology provision is one of the core competencies of occupational therapists. The goal of this study was to assess the current wheelchair provision knowledge of final year occupational therapy students in Colombia as measured by the International Society of Wheelchair Professionals Basic Wheelchair Service Knowledge Test. A total of 83 students from 7 universities took the test. None of the students met the 70% passing threshold. The highest scores were in the assessment domain while the lowest in the fitting and user training domains. These results suggest that the current wheelchair provision education received in these programs do not meet the World Health Organization guidelines on appropriate wheelchair provision. The implementation of strategies to improve current wheelchair provision education in Colombian occupational therapy programs is granted.
17
D’Innocenzo, Megan E., Jonathan L. Pearlman, Yasmin Garcia-Mendez, Stephanie Vasquez-Gabela, Christina Zigler, Perth Rosen, Eviana Hapsari Dewi, Ignatius Praptoraharjo, and Anand Mhatre. "Exploratory investigation of the outcomes of wheelchair provision through two service models in Indonesia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): e0228428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228428.
Full textAbstract:
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that only 17–37% of the approximately 77 million people who need a wheelchair have access to one. Many organizations are trying to address this need through varying service delivery approaches. For instance, some adhere to WHO’s recommended 8-steps service approach while others provide wheelchairs with little to no service. There is limited and sometimes conflicting evidence of the impact of the WHO’s recommendations on the outcomes of wheelchair provision. To help build this evidence, we \explored outcomes of two groups of users who received their wheelchairs through two service models over time. The 8-Steps group (n = 118) received a wheelchair selected from a range of models from service providers trained using the WHO process, and the standard of care (SOC) group (n = 24) received hospital-style wheelchairs and without clinical service. Interviews were conducted at baseline and at follow-up 3 to 6 months after provision, to collect data about wheelchair usage, satisfaction, skills, maintenance and repairs, and life satisfaction. Across-group statistical comparisons were not appropriate due to significant differences between groups. In general, participants used their wheelchairs every day but reported very low mobility levels (<500 meters for the 8-steps group, and <100 meters for the SOC group.) The 8-steps group used their wheelchair for either between 1–3 hours per day, or more than 8 hours per day. The SOC used it between 1 and 3 hours per day. Overall, wheelchair usage and wheelchair skills decreased over the 3- to 6-month data collection timeline. Wheelchair breakdowns were common in both groups emphasizing the need for maintenance, occurring more frequently in the 8-Steps (28.8%) compared to the SOC group (8%), and emphasizing the need for maintenance services. No significant differences were found when comparing device satisfaction across wheelchairs types. Our results emphasize the need for routine maintenance to address frequent wheelchair breakdowns. Our results also demonstrate a large disparity in several outcome variables across groups which motivates future studies where across-group comparisons are possible.
18
Jelier, Pamela, and Alan Turner-Smith. "Review of Wheelchair Services in England." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 60, no. 4 (April 1997): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269706000402.
Full textAbstract:
This article reviews the results of investigations into wheelchair service provision in the United Kingdom since its devolution to National Health Service trusts in 1991. The following key issues persist: – Funding: The existing dilemma is to find how far a comprehensive service can be provided in a climate with decreasing, real-term funding. – Staffing: The availability of specialist staff on a multidisciplinary team is variable across the country. Some people are not being used in a manner that is suitable to their education and training. – Education and training. Educational backgrounds are variable; however, guidelines for standards have been published for occupational therapists, physiotherapists and rehabilitation engineers. – Accessibility: Users are often not provided with enough information to feel that they have been able to contribute to the prescription of their wheelchairs. – Assessment and prescription: This procedure varies from being based on a referral form to individual meetings between the therapist and the user. – Audit. User satisfaction and the provision of data for purchasers are the advantages of doing regular audits. Where the standards of provision are decided at local level without national guidelines, it is important that information about successful outcomes on limited resources is shared among service managers, therapists and rehabilitation engineers.
19
McCreadie, Michele J., and Rachel James. "An audit of wheelchair service provision in three regions." British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2, no. 9 (September 2, 1995): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjtr.1995.2.9.465.
Full text
20
Khoja, Shariq, Ann Casebeer, and Sybil Young. "Role of telehealth in seating clinics: a case study of learners' perspectives." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 11, no. 3 (April 1, 2005): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633053688750.
Full textAbstract:
We conducted a qualitative case study of the introduction of telehealth in a seating clinic, which was an existing outreach service between two hospitals in Alberta, approximately 300 km apart. Interviews were conducted with the staff who were involved in planning and implementing the telehealth initiative. The study showed that, from the perspective of the staff (who were learners), implementation of telehealth in seating clinics differs from other less tactile telehealth applications in certain ways: (1) the importance of multidisciplinary teams in the procedures, (2) the importance of proper visualization and communication among the staff to convey the pressure changes and measurements to the technicians at the major centre to help them build or adjust the seating devices and (3) the reluctance of staff to trust others' judgements. Planning of service provision and telelearning for seating clinics requires the involvement of staff at all stages. Thus, the implementation of telehealth should be a stepwise process, allowing a highly interactive approach, without affecting the multidisciplinary nature of seating clinics.
21
Howard, Jonathan D., Dominic Eggbeer, Peter Dorrington, Feras Korkees, and Lorna H. Tasker. "Evaluating additive manufacturing for the production of custom head supports: A comparison against a commercial head support under static loading conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 234, no. 5 (January 9, 2020): 458–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411919899844.
Full textAbstract:
The provision of wheelchair seating accessories, such as head supports, is often limited to the use of commercial products. Additive manufacturing has the potential to produce custom seating components, but there are very few examples of published work. This article reports a method of utilising 3D scanning, computer-aided design and additive manufacturing for the fabrication of a custom head support for a wheelchair. Three custom head supports, of the same shape, were manufactured in nylon using a continuous filament fabrication machine. The custom head supports were tested against an equivalent and widely used commercial head support using ISO 16840-3:2014. The head supports were statically loaded in two configurations, one modelling a posterior force on the inner rear surface and the other modelling a lateral force on the side. The posterior force resulted in failure of the supporting bracketry before the custom head support. A similar magnitude of forces was applied laterally for the custom and commercial head support. When the load was removed, the custom recovered to its original shape while the commercial sustained plastic deformation. The addition of a joint in the head support increased the maximum displacement, 128.6 mm compared to 71.7 mm, and the use of carbon fibre resulted in the head support sustaining a higher force at larger displacements, increase in 30 N. Based on the deformation and recovery characteristics, the results indicate that additive manufacturing could be an appropriate method to produce lighter weight, highly customised, cost-effective and safe head supports for wheelchair users.
22
Gowran, Rosemary Joan, Elizabeth Anne McKay, and Bernadette O'Regan. "Sustainable solutions for wheelchair and seating assistive technology provision: Presenting a cosmopolitan narrative with rich pictures." Technology and Disability 26, no. 2-3 (November 17, 2014): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/tad-140408.
Full text
23
Armstrong, William, Kim D. Reisinger, and William K. Smith. "Evaluation of CIR-Whirlwind Wheelchair and service provision in Afghanistan." Disability and Rehabilitation 29, no. 11-12 (January 2007): 935–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638280701240615.
Full text
24
White, Elizabeth A. "Wheelchair Referrals in England." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 57, no. 12 (December 1994): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269405701205.
Full textAbstract:
A survey was carried out into the processes developed for dealing with wheelchair referrals in England following the devolution of the wheelchair service to the NHS. It was found that a large number of therapists were employed within wheelchair services, over two-thirds of them on a part-time basis. The survey identified the declining role of doctors in making wheelchair referrals, and highlighted discrepancies in the level of assessment offered, the provision to temporary users and the residency criteria.
25
Rolfe, Jenny. "Planning Wheelchair Service Provision in Motor Neurone Disease: Implications for Service Delivery and Commissioning." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 75, no. 5 (May 2012): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4276/030802212x13361458480243.
Full text
26
Brown, A. M., and M. J. Pearcy. "The effect of water content on the stiffness of seating foams." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 10, no. 3 (December 1986): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093648609164520.
Full textAbstract:
The chairbound, disabled person requires a supportive cushion to distribute pressure in order to reduce the risk of pressure sores and any alteration to the load carrying capacity of the cushion may have a deleterious effect on its ability to provide adequate support. The National Health Service supplies two basic grades of polyurethane foam for wheelchair cushions and this study investigated the effect of water content on their compressive load carrying capacity. Both foams became less stiff and exhibited greater than 20% increase in deformation when containing 20% water by volume at loads encountered in seating. This decrease in stiffness may result in a dramatic change in the pressure distribution under a patient particularly if only a small section of the cushion becomes wet. This result emphasizes the need to fit waterproof coverings to these foam cushions and to maintain the integrity of the covering.
27
Wu, Y., H. Casanova, W. K. Smith, M. Edwards, and D. S. Childress. "Technical note: CIR sand casting system for transtibial socket." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 27, no. 2 (August 2003): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640308726671.
Full textAbstract:
The authors have developed a transtibial socket fabrication system based on the “dilatancy” principle, a process that has been commonly used in forming wheelchair Seating. The CIR Sand Casting System replaces plaster of Paris with sand for forming both a negative sand mould and a positive sand model, which can be modified for either thermoplastic socket formation or resin lamination. Initial clinical trials suggest that fabrication times are approximately 90 minutes from patient evaluation and casting to dynamic alignment. Compatibility with all existing prosthetic components is retained. It is believed the CIR socket fabrication system may be a competitive alternative for prosthetic service providers in developing countries.
28
Gartz, Rachel, Mary Goldberg, Alexandria Miles, Rory Cooper, Jon Pearlman, Mark Schmeler, Sarah Jonassen Bittman, and Judith Hale. "Development of a contextually appropriate, reliable and valid basic Wheelchair Service Provision Test." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 12, no. 4 (April 21, 2016): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17483107.2016.1166527.
Full text
29
Gowran, Rosemary Joan, Mary Goldberg, Gabi Comanescu, Claudia Ungureanu, Ferdiliza Dandah S. Garcia, Cheryl Ann Xavier, and Jon Pearlman. "Developing country-specific wheelchair service provision strategic plans for Romania and the Philippines." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 14, no. 6 (March 1, 2019): 612–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2018.1539131.
Full text
30
Burrola-Mendez, Yohali, Mary Goldberg, Rachel Gartz, and Jon Pearlman. "Development of a Hybrid Course on Wheelchair Service Provision for clinicians in international contexts." PLOS ONE 13, no. 6 (June 15, 2018): e0199251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199251.
Full text
31
Saptono, Andi, Richard M. Schein, Bambang Parmanto, and Andrea Fairman. "Methodology for Analyzing and Developing Information Management Infrastructure to Support Telerehabilitation." International Journal of Telerehabilitation 1, no. 1 (September 4, 2009): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2009.6012.
Full textAbstract:
The proliferation of advanced technologies led researchers within the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Telerehabilitation (RERC-TR) to devise an integrated infrastructure for clinical services using the University of Pittsburgh (PITT) model. This model describes five required characteristics for a telerehabilitation (TR) infrastructure: openness, extensibility, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and security. The infrastructure is to deliver clinical services over distance to improve access to health services for people living in underserved or remote areas. The methodological approach to design, develop, and employ this infrastructure is explained and detailed for the remote wheelchair prescription project, a research task within the RERC-TR. The availability of this specific clinical service and personnel outside of metropolitan areas is limited due to the lack of specialty expertise and access to resources. The infrastructure is used to deliver expertise in wheeled mobility and seating through teleconsultation to remote clinics, and has been successfully deployed to five rural clinics in Western Pennsylvania. Keywords: Telerehabilitation, Information Management, Infrastructure Development Methodology, Videoconferencing, Online Portal, Database
32
Reid, Denise, Deborah Laliberte-Rudman, and Deborah Hebert. "Impact of Wheeled Seated Mobility Devices on Adult Users' and Their Caregivers' Occupational Performance: A Critical Literature Review." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 69, no. 5 (December 2002): 261–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841740206900503.
Full textAbstract:
The prescription of wheeled seated mobility devices for clients with mobility impairment is a growing area in occupational therapy practice. The goal is to enhance client participation in occupation through technical intervention. This critical review examines the body of knowledge concerning the impact and effectiveness of the provision of wheeled seated mobility on the occupational performance of wheelchair users and their caregivers. The scope and gaps in the literature are defined to identify areas for future research. While the focus is on the methodological issues of the research reports, the relevance of findings to occupational therapy practice will also be reviewed. The results of the 46 studies in this review indicate that the majority of research conducted thus far have methodological limitations, which limits the extent to which this body of research can be drawn upon to provide evidence for the effectiveness of wheeled mobility systems. While most of the studies reviewed addressed constructs of relevance to occupational therapy practice, there was an emphasis on performance components and inadequate attention to engagement in occupations. This review is an important first step in building the ability of occupational therapists to demonstrate effectiveness in wheeled seating interventions.
33
McSweeney, Elizabeth, and Rosemary Joan Gowran. "Wheelchair service provision education and training in low and lower middle income countries: a scoping review." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 14, no. 1 (November 1, 2017): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2017.1392621.
Full text
34
Fung, Karen, Taavy Miller, Paula W. Rushton, Mary Goldberg, Maria L. Toro, Nicky Seymour, and Jonathan Pearlman. "Integration of wheelchair service provision education: current situation, facilitators and barriers for academic rehabilitation programs worldwide." Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 15, no. 5 (April 23, 2019): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2019.1594408.
Full text
35
Newton, J. Timothy, Alison C. Williams, and Elizabeth J. Bower. "Inequalities in the Provision of NHS Primary Care Dental Services in Scotland in 2004." Primary Dental Care os14, no. 3 (July 2007): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576107781327098.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To assess inequalities in the provision of National Health Service (NHS) primary care dental services between Health Boards and the four provider groups (General Dental Service [GDS] non-specialist, GDS salaried, specialist working in primary care, Community Dental Service [CDS]) in Scotland. Methods A postal questionnaire survey of all dentists (N=2852) registered with the General Dental Council at an address in Scotland was undertaken. The following were assessed: the proportion of primary care dentists not accepting new children/adults for NHS care or using a waiting list, the proportion of dentists working in wheelchair-accessible surgeries, furthest distance travelled by patients to primary care surgery in an average week, waiting time for routine NHS treatment, and the proportion of dentists offering weekend or evening appointments to NHS patients. Data were analysed by Health Board and the four provider groups. Results A total of 2134 (74.8%) completed questionnaires were returned. One thousand, five hundred and seventy-seven dentists (73.9%) of the respondents were providing NHS primary care dental services for at least part of each week. There was a wide variation in the provision of NHS primary care dental services between Health Boards. Borders, Dumfries and Galloway, and Grampian performed poorly on most indicators, whereas Lanarkshire, Greater Glasgow, and Argyll and Clyde generally performed well. The CDS scored well on most indicators of service provision. There were problems with the provision of specialist dental services in primary care, and GDS services provided by Health Boards. Conclusions Because the problem issues differed between Health Boards and the four provider groups, it is likely that both local and national solutions are required to improve the provision of services. Further research on service demand is required to confirm the apparent inequalities in provision suggested by the study.
36
Graham, Fiona, Pauline Boland, Sally Wallace, William J. Taylor, Bernadette Jones, Jasjot Maggo, and Rebecca Grainger. "Social and Technical Readiness for a Telehealth Assessment Service for Adults With Complex Wheelchair and Seating Needs: A National Survey of Stakeholders." New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy 49, no. 1 (April 4, 2021): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15619/nzjp/49.1.05.
Full text
37
Tasker, Lorna H., Nigel G. Shapcott, Alan J. Watkins, and Paul M. Holland. "The effect of seat shape on the risk of pressure ulcers using discomfort and interface pressure measurements." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 38, no. 1 (May 17, 2013): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613486918.
Full textAbstract:
Background: It is clinically known that shape is important when selecting or designing a wheelchair support surface for the prevention of pressure ulcers (a £2 billion annual cost to the National Health Service, UK); however, the effect of different levels of shape contouring has not been adequately studied. Objectives: To investigate the effect of seat shape on the risk of pressure ulcers using discomfort and interface pressure measurements. Study design: Randomised, repeated trial. Methods: Thirty able-bodied participants sat with restricted movement for 30 min in three sessions to evaluate two cushion shapes against a flat baseline surface. Visual Analog Scaling and pressure mapping were used to measure surrogates for pressure ulcer risk, discomfort and interface pressures, respectively. Results: Linear regression revealed a reduction in discomfort ( p < 0.05) on the custom contoured shapes. Interface pressures measured were also lower ( p < 0.05) on the custom contoured shapes, and a negative Pearson’s correlation ( p < 0.05) indicated an association between smaller hip widths and increased discomfort for the commercially shaped cushion. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm that custom contoured shapes were effective at reducing pressure ulcer surrogate measures in the participants of this study and therefore suggests that the contribution of a cushion’s three-dimensional contours on pressure ulcer risk should be further researched. Clinical relevance The measurement of seat shape, discomfort and interface pressure in surrogate participants can help inform the design of wheelchair seating for individuals who are insensate or otherwise at risk of developing pressure ulcers. This knowledge can now be implemented using modern three-dimensional shape acquisition, analysis and fabrication technologies.
38
Lersilp, Suchitporn, Supawadee Putthinoi, and Sayaka Okahashi. "Information Management for the Assistive Technology Provision in Community: Perspectives of Local Policymakers and Health Service Providers." Occupational Therapy International 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8019283.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Assistive technology (AT) is a way to enhance the performance of daily activities in people with disabilities and help them live more independently. However, an important problem in providing AT lies in the effectiveness of information management. Local policymakers and health service providers have become aware of this problem and their perspectives are the key to solving it.Methods. This study explored the types of AT provided for people with disabilities in the community and the perspectives on information management of local policymakers and health service providers. A survey checklist and semistructured in-depth interview were the instruments of this study. The key informants in this study included administrators, nurses, and physical therapists from four community areas in Chiang Mai, Thailand.Results. The medical records showed that the types of AT provided were mostly second-hand (57.24%) and borrowed devices (57.73%). All of them were low-tech devices (crutch, cane, walker, wheelchair, and adaptive tricycle). In addition, the results indicated three perspective aspects related to information management: (1) problems in the database recording system, (2) different policies and processes of information management, and (3) improvement of the AT provision system.Conclusion. The perspectives of local policymakers and health service providers indicated related problems, impacts of policies, and ways to improve the AT provision system by applying information technology.
39
Preston, John, James Pritchard, and Ben Waterson. "Train Overcrowding." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2649, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2649-01.
Full textAbstract:
Crowded trains are a feature of many railway networks and adversely affect both train passengers and rail operators. For passengers, the lack of space or inability to get a seat can lead to a lack of physical comfort, reduced productivity, and increased stress. Crowded trains can also lead to problems boarding and alighting that increase dwell times and make it harder for operators to provide a reliable service. Reducing levels of crowding is therefore desirable, but achieving this goal by increasing capacity is not always practical, and other measures must be considered. Some passengers have shown willingness to change their behavior to avoid crowding—for example, by waiting for a later train—and measures to encourage such behavioral changes more widely could be beneficial overall. Better information provision could be one such measure, and so a stated preference survey was undertaken on a commuter and airport service to investigate this issue further. It was found that the provision of information about crowding levels and seating availability on alternative trains would encourage some passengers to wait for a less-crowded train. Although the willingness of passengers to wait for a later train varied by both the purpose of the trip and the station of origin, the findings suggest that real-time information would improve the passenger experience and could form the basis of a revenue-neutral demand-management system. The implications for station design are particularly pertinent for countries such as the United States, where significant investment in new passenger rail systems is expected.
40
Fatima, Syeda Azka, and Khadija Imtiaz. "ASSESSMENT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM." Vol 2 Issue 4 2, no. 4 (November 13, 2020): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33411/ijist/2020020401.
Full textAbstract:
Transportation is an indistinguishable component of any society. Provision of luxury transportation at favorable rates to general public is the need of the day for societal comfort. Research has been done to assess the service and efficiency level of(Bus Rapid Transit)BRT system by evaluating initial parameters including passenger’s attitudes towards quality, safety, security, and service provided by Metro bus Lahore as well as identifying problems encountered by passengers. In Pakistan, local transportation play significant role for travelers to commute whereas the vast transportation system of Lahore and construction of Metro Bus Transit System with consideration to balance demands of traffic has provided safer, economical and secure public transport system to the people. This research has been carried out from Shahdara to Gujjumata. The questionnaire-based survey was conducted. which was comprised of questions according to problems, needs of passengers and indicators which were set to identify the service quality of Metro Bus. It is revealed from analysis that majority of people are satisfied from service quality, punctuality, accessibility and efficiency provided by BRT system. It is also observed that this service is user-friendly for physically impaired persons. Dissatisfaction level was also observed on low seating capacity in buses, security, safety of users on board. This research suggests concerned authority to improve, enhance current passenger services and provide better services so that current users can enjoy services and attract new passengers to use Metro bus as well as imply international best practices in Pakistan urban transport.
41
Wadu Mesthrige, Jayantha, and Siu Leung Cheung. "Critical evaluation of ‘ageing in place’ in redeveloped public rental housing estates in Hong Kong." Ageing and Society 40, no. 9 (April 30, 2019): 2006–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000448.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe tremendous growth in the ageing population over the past two decades has compelled the Hong Kong government to reformulate its housing policy by redeveloping and incorporating certain age-friendly housing design elements and facilities into the public housing schemes built in the post-war period. This research investigates whether these introduced design elements and facilities satisfy the numerous special needs of the seniors in line with the concept of ‘ageing in place’. Data were collected from 224 seniors through a comprehensive questionnaire survey in four large-scale redeveloped public rental housing estates. Using three designated built environment dimensions, namely micro, meso and macro, the results revealed that senior tenants were generally satisfied with the present living environments (in all the three scales) in the estates. At the micro-scale, seniors were satisfied with the level of privacy and sense of autonomy derived from the present design features in their homes. For the meso-scale, the study revealed that the seniors were particularly satisfied with the design elements such as convenient transportation and accessibility, including convenient walkways. At the macro-scale, the community care service is deemed important for seniors’ wellbeing. However, more attention is needed on safety measures in interior and shower areas, public seating in common areas and provision of sufficient community care services. This study provides insights for policy makers and development authorities on elderly housing provision.
42
Burrola-Mendez, Yohali, Francisco J. Bonilla-Escobar, Mary Goldberg, and Jon Pearlman. "Comparing the effectiveness of a hybrid and in-person courses of wheelchair service provision knowledge: A controlled quasi-experimental study in India and Mexico." PLOS ONE 14, no. 5 (May 31, 2019): e0217872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217872.
Full text
43
Fortin-Bédard, Noémie, Annabelle de Serres-Lafontaine, Krista L. Best, Caroline Rahn, Elizabeth Turcotte, Jaimie Borisoff, Shane N. Sweet, Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos, and François Routhier. "Experiences of Social Participation for Canadian Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Disabilities 2, no. 3 (July 2, 2022): 398–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/disabilities2030028.
Full textAbstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused drastic life changes for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). The objective of the study is to explore the social participation of Canadian wheelchair users with SCI during the first wave of COVID-19. Methods: Fourteen participants from Quebec and British Columbia participated in a multi methods cross-sectional study. Three themes were identified, including (1) perceived participation restrictions for people with SCI and their loved ones, which revealed interruptions and changes in service provision during COVID-19, barriers and inconveniences to maintaining life habits and strategies developed during the pandemic to continue participating in meaningful activities; (2) There was no change in life habits (but some subjects found new ways to perform some activities), which highlights that life simply continued as usual and the participants developed new pastimes and interests; and (3) future hopes and concerns, which explained participants’ concerns about changes in interpersonal relationships after the pandemic. This study highlights daily participation challenges for people with SCI during the pandemic. Even though the use of technologies, delivery services and social support seemed to facilitate engagement in meaningful activities, mental health challenges and concerns for future relationships persisted for some.
44
Jang, Wan-ho, Seung-bok Lee, Dong-wan Kim, Yun-hwan Lee, Yun-jeong Uhm, Seung-wan Yang, Jeong-hyun Kim, and Jong-bae Kim. "ICT-Based Health Care Services for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Feasibility Study." Sensors 20, no. 9 (April 28, 2020): 2491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092491.
Full textAbstract:
In the Republic of Korea, 90.5% of those living with spinal cord injury (SCI) are faced with medical complications that require chronic care. Some of the more common ones include urinary tract infections, pressure sores, and pain symptomatology. These and other morbidities have been recognized to deteriorate the individual’s health, eventually restricting their community participation. Telerehabilitation, using information and communication technology, has propelled a modern-day movement in providing comprehensive medical services to patients who have difficulty in mobilizing themselves to medical care facilities. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of health care and management in the SCI population by providing ICT-based health care services. We visited eight individuals living with chronic SCI in the community, and provided ICT-based health management services. After using respiratory and urinary care devices with the provision of home visit occupational therapy, data acquisition was achieved and subsequently entered into a smart device. The entered information was readily accessible to the necessary clinicians and researchers. The clients were notified if there were any concerning results from the acquired data. Subsequently, they were advised to follow up with their providers for any immediate medical care requirements. Digital hand-bike ergometers and specialized seating system cushions are currently in development. The ICT-based health care management service for individuals with SCI resulted in a favorable expected level of outcome. Based on the results of this study, we have proposed and are now in preparation for a randomized clinical trial.
45
Montalto, Michael, Simon Shay, and Andy Le. "Evaluation of a mobile X-ray service for elderly residents of residential aged care facilities." Australian Health Review 39, no. 5 (2015): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15059.
Full textAbstract:
Objective The Royal Melbourne Hospital established a mobile X-ray service (MXS) in 2013. The goal of the MXS is to address the radiology needs of frail, elderly or demented residents of residential aged care facilities (RACFs) who would otherwise require transportation to attend for X-ray. The present study describes the activity of the MXS, and the impact of the MXS on emergency department (ED) attendances by residents of RACFs. Methods The study is a descriptive study and uses a before-and-after cohort approach. Activity for the first year of operation was collected and described. At the end of the first year of operation, the top 30 RACF users of the MXS were identified. The hospital Department of Radiology database was examined to find all plain X-rays performed on any patient presenting from the same 30 RACFs for the 1 year before commencement of the MXS (1 July 2012–30 June 2013) and for the 1 year period after the commencement of the MXS (1 July 2013–30 June 2014). Attendances were compared. Results The MXS delivered 1532 service attendances to 109 different RACFs. The mean age of patients receiving MXS services was 86 years (range 16–107 years). In all, 1124 services (73.4%) were delivered to patients in high-care RACFs. Most patients (n = 634; 41.4%) were bed or wheelchair bound, followed by those who required assistance to ambulate (n = 457; 29.8%). The most common X-ray examinations performed were chest, hip and pelvis, spine and abdomen. There were 919 service attendances to the top 30 RACFs using the MXS (60.0% of all attendances). There was an 11.5% reduction in ED presentations requiring plain X-ray in the year following the commencement of the MXS (95% confidence interval 0.62–3.98; P = 0.019). Conclusion The present study suggests a reduction in hospital ED attendances for high users of the MXS. This has benefits for hospitals, patients and nursing homes. It also allows the extension of other programs designed to treat patients in their RACFs. Special rebates for home-based radiology service provision should be considered. What is already known about this subject? Digital processing has changed the way radiology delivers services. The Australian community is in the middle of a shift towards an aging population, with a greater numbers of residents in RACFs. It has been suggested in previous studies that mobile X-ray reduces the rate of delirium in patients who require X-ray. What does this paper add? There is an unmet demand for MXS to residents of RACFs. MXS may reduce presentations by elderly residents of RACFs to hospital EDs for X-rays. MXS may assist general practitioners, and other innovative programs, such as Hospital in the Home and Inreach, to better manage care for patients in RACFs. What are the implications for practitioners? Providers of radiology services should examine the opportunities and benefits of establishing MXS. Funders of services should examine ways of rebating MXS to encourage further development. Hospitals (Hospital in the Home and Inreach services), RACFs and general practitioners should use mobile X-ray and integrate these services into their management of aged care delivered in RACFs.
46
Gately, Megan E., Linda Tickle-Degnen, Deborah J. Voydetich, Nathan Ward, Keren Ladin, and Lauren R. Moo. "Video Telehealth Occupational Therapy Services for Older Veterans: National Survey Study." JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 8, no. 2 (April 27, 2021): e24299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24299.
Full textAbstract:
Background Occupational therapy (OT) is a vital service that supports older adults’ ability to age in place. Given the barriers to accessing care, video telehealth is a means of providing OT. Even within Veterans Health Administration (VHA), a pioneer in telehealth, video telehealth by OT practitioners to serve older adults is not well understood. Objective This study examines VHA OT practice using video telehealth with older veterans using an implementation framework. Methods A web-based national survey of VHA OT practitioners conducted between September and October 2019 contained a mix of mostly closed questions with some open-text options. The questions were developed using the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services model with input from subject matter experts. The questions gathered the extent to which VHA OT practitioners use video telehealth with older veterans; are comfortable with video telehealth to deliver specific OT services; and, for those using video telehealth with older veterans, the barriers, facilitators of change, and perceived benefits of video telehealth. Results Of approximately 1455 eligible VHA OT practitioners, 305 participated (21.0% response rate). Most were female (196/259, 75.7%) occupational therapists (281/305, 92.1%) with a master’s degree (147/259, 56.8%) and 10 years or fewer (165/305, 54.1%) of VHA OT practice. Less than half (125/305, 41.0%) had used video telehealth with older veterans, and users and nonusers of video telehealth were demographically similar. When asked to rate perceived comfort with video telehealth to deliver OT services, participants using video telehealth expressed greater comfort than nonusers, which was significant for 9 of the 13 interventions: activities of daily living (P<.001), instrumental activities of daily living (P=.004), home safety (P<.001), home exercise or therapeutic exercise (P<.001), veteran or caregiver education (P<.001), durable medical equipment (P<.001), assistive technology (P<.001), education and work (P=.04), and wheelchair clinic or seating and positioning (P<.001). More than half (74/125, 59.2%) of those using video telehealth reported at least one barrier, with the most frequently endorsed being Inadequate space, physical locations and related equipment. Most (92/125, 73.6%) respondents using video telehealth reported at least one facilitator, with the most frequently endorsed facilitators reflecting respondent attitudes, including the belief that video telehealth would improve veteran access to care (77/92, 84%) and willingness to try innovative approaches (76/92, 83%). Conclusions Most VHA OT survey respondents had not used video telehealth with older veterans. Users and nonusers were demographically similar. Differences in the percentages of respondents feeling comfortable with video telehealth for specific OT interventions suggest that some OT services may be more amenable to video telehealth. This, coupled with the primacy of respondent beliefs versus organizational factors as facilitators, underscores the need to gather clinicians’ attitudes to understand how they are driving the implementation of video telehealth.
47
Bray, Nathan, Niina Kolehmainen, Jennifer McAnuff, Louise Tanner, Lorna Tuersley, Fiona Beyer, Aimee Grayston, et al. "Powered mobility interventions for very young children with mobility limitations to aid participation and positive development: the EMPoWER evidence synthesis." Health Technology Assessment 24, no. 50 (October 2020): 1–194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta24500.
Full textAbstract:
Background One-fifth of all disabled children have mobility limitations. Early provision of powered mobility for very young children (aged < 5 years) is hypothesised to trigger positive developmental changes. However, the optimum age at which to introduce powered mobility is unknown. Objective The aim of this project was to synthesise existing evidence regarding the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of powered mobility for very young children, compared with the more common practice of powered mobility provision from the age of 5 years. Review methods The study was planned as a mixed-methods evidence synthesis and economic modelling study. First, evidence relating to the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, acceptability, feasibility and anticipated outcomes of paediatric powered mobility interventions was reviewed. A convergent mixed-methods evidence synthesis was undertaken using framework synthesis, and a separate qualitative evidence synthesis was undertaken using thematic synthesis. The two syntheses were subsequently compared and contrasted to develop a logic model for evaluating the outcomes of powered mobility interventions for children. Because there were insufficient published data, it was not possible to develop a robust economic model. Instead, a budget impact analysis was conducted to estimate the cost of increased powered mobility provision for very young children, using cost data from publicly available sources. Data sources A range of bibliographic databases [Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE™ (Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Occupational Therapy Systematic Evaluation of Evidence (OTseeker), Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), PsycINFO, Science Citation Index (SCI; Clarivate Analytics, Philadelphia, PA, USA), Social Sciences Citation Index™ (SSCI; Clarivate Analytics), Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science (CPCI-S; Clarivate Analytics), Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Social Science & Humanities (CPCI-SSH; Clarivate Analytics), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database and OpenGrey] was systematically searched and the included studies were quality appraised. Searches were carried out in June 2018 and updated in October 2019. The date ranges searched covered from 1946 to September 2019. Results In total, 89 studies were included in the review. Only two randomised controlled trials were identified. The overall quality of the evidence was low. No conclusive evidence was found about the effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of powered mobility in children aged either < 5 or ≥ 5 years. However, strong support was found that powered mobility interventions have a positive impact on children’s movement and mobility, and moderate support was found for the impact on children’s participation, play and social interactions and on the safety outcome of accidents and pain. ‘Fit’ between the child, the equipment and the environment was found to be important, as were the outcomes related to a child’s independence, freedom and self-expression. The evidence supported two distinct conceptualisations of the primary powered mobility outcome, movement and mobility: the former is ‘movement for movement’s sake’ and the latter destination-focused mobility. Powered mobility should be focused on ‘movement for movement’s sake’ in the first instance. From the budget impact analysis, it was estimated that, annually, the NHS spends £1.89M on the provision of powered mobility for very young children, which is < 2% of total wheelchair service expenditure. Limitations The original research question could not be answered because there was a lack of appropriately powered published research. Conclusions Early powered mobility is likely to have multiple benefits for very young children, despite the lack of robust evidence to demonstrate this. Age is not the key factor; instead, the focus should be on providing developmentally appropriate interventions and focusing on ‘movement for movement’s sake’. Future work Future research should focus on developing, implementing, evaluating and comparing different approaches to early powered mobility. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42018096449. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 50. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
48
Preddie, Martha Ingrid. "Canadian Public Library Users are Unaware of Their Information Literacy Deficiencies as Related to Internet Use and Public Libraries are Challenged to Address These Needs." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 4, no. 4 (December 14, 2009): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8sp7f.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Julien, Heidi and Cameron Hoffman. “Information Literacy Training in Canada’s Public Libraries.” Library Quarterly 78.1 (2008): 19-41.
Objective – To examine the role of Canada’s public libraries in information literacy skills training, and to ascertain the perspectives of public library Internet users with regard to their experiences of information literacy.
Design – Qualitative research using semi-structured interviews and observations.
Setting – Five public libraries in Canada.
Subjects – Twenty-eight public library staff members and twenty-five customers.
Methods – This study constituted the second phase of a detailed examination of information literacy (IL) training in Canadian public libraries. Five public libraries located throughout Canada were selected for participation. These comprised a large central branch of a public library located in a town with a population of approximately two million, a main branch of a public library in an urban city of about one million people, a public library in a town with a population of about 75,000, a library in a town of 900 people and a public library located in the community center of a Canadian First Nations reserve that housed a population of less than 100 persons. After notifying customers via signage posted in the vicinity of computers and Internet access areas, the researchers observed each patron as they accessed the Internet via library computers. Observations focused on the general physical environment of the Internet access stations, customer activities and use of the Internet, as well as the nature and degree of customer interactions with each other and with staff. Photographs were also taken and observations were recorded via field notes. The former were analyzed via qualitative content analysis while quantitative analysis was applied to the observations.
Additionally, each observed participant was interviewed immediately following Internet use. Interview questions focused on a range of issues including the reasons why customers used the Internet in public libraries, customers’ perceptions about their level of information literacy and their feelings with regard to being information literate, the nature of their exposure to IL training, the benefits they derived from such training, and their desire for further training. Public service librarians and other staff were also interviewed in a similar manner. These questions sought to ascertain staff views on the role of the public library with regard to IL training; perceptions of the need for and expected outcomes of such training; as well as the current situation pertinent to the provision of IL skills training in their respective libraries in terms of staff competencies, resource allocation, and the forms of training and evaluation. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were interpreted via qualitative content analysis through the use of NVivo software.
Main Results – Men were more frequent users of public library computers than women, outnumbering them by a ratio ranging from 2:1 to 3.4:1. Customers appeared to be mostly under the age of 30 and of diverse ethnicities. The average income of interviewed customers was less than the Canadian average.
The site observations revealed that customers were seen using the Internet mainly for the purposes of communication (e.g., e-mail, instant messaging, online dating services). Such use was observed 78 times in four of the libraries. Entertainment accounted for 43 observations in all five sites and comprised activities such as online games, music videos, and movie listings. Twenty-eight observations involved business/financial uses (e.g., online shopping, exploration of investment sites, online banking). The use of search engines (25 observations), news information (23), foreign language and forum websites (21), and word processing were less frequently observed. Notably, there were only 20 observed library-specific uses (e.g., searching online catalogues, online database and library websites). Customers reported that they used the Internet mainly for general web searching and for e-mail.
It was also observed that in general the physical environment was not conducive to computer use due to uncomfortable or absent seating and a lack of privacy. Additionally, only two sites had areas specifically designated for IL instruction.
Of the 25 respondents, 19 reported at least five years experience with the Internet, 9 of whom cited experience of 10 years or more. Self-reported confidence with the Internet was high: 16 individuals claimed to be very confident, 7 somewhat confident, and only 2 lacking in confidence. There was a weak positive correlation between years of use and individuals’ reported levels of confidence.
Customers reported interest in improving computer literacy (e.g., keyboarding ability) and IL skills (ability to use more sources of information). Some expressed a desire “to improve certain personal attitudes” (30), such as patience when conducting Internet searches. When presented with the Association of College and Research Libraries’ definition of IL, 13 (52%) of those interviewed claimed to be information literate, 8 were ambivalent, and 4 admitted to being information illiterate. Those who professed to be information literate had no particular feeling about this state of being, however 10 interviewees admitted feeling positive about being able to use the Internet to retrieve information. Most of those interviewed (15) disagreed that a paucity of IL skills is a deterrent to “accessing online information efficiently and effectively” (30). Eleven reported development of information skills through self teaching, while 8 cited secondary schools or tertiary educational institutions. However, such training was more in terms of computer technology education than IL. Eleven of the participants expressed a desire for additional IL training, 5 of whom indicated a preference for the public library to supply such training. Customers identified face-to-face, rather than online, as the ideal training format. Four interviewees identified time as the main barrier to Internet use and online access.
As regards library staff, 22 (78.6%) of those interviewed posited IL training as an important role for public libraries. Many stated that customers had been asking for formal IL sessions with interest in training related to use of the catalogue, databases, and productivity software, as well as searching the web. Two roles were identified in the context of the public librarian as a provider of IL: “library staff as teachers/agents of empowerment and library staff as ‘public parents’” (32). The former was defined as supporting independent, lifelong learning through the provision of IL skills, and the latter encompassing assistance, guidance, problem solving, and filtering of unsuitable content.
Staff identified challenges to IL training as societal challenges (e.g., need for customers to be able to evaluate information provided by the media, the public library’s role in reducing the digital divide), institutional (e.g., marketing of IL programs, staff constraints, lack of budget for IL training), infrastructural (e.g., limited space, poor Internet access in library buildings) and pedagogical challenges, such as differing views pertinent to the philosophy of IL, as well as the low levels of IL training to which Canadian students at all levels had been previously exposed.
Despite these challenges library staff acknowledged positive outcomes resulting from IL training in terms of customers achieving a higher level of computer literacy, becoming more skillful at searching, and being able to use a variety of information sources. Affective benefits were also apparent such as increased independence and willingness to learn. Library staff also identified life expanding outcomes, such as the use of IL skills to procure employment.
In contrast to customer self-perception, library staff expressed that customers’ IL skills were low, and that this resulted in their avoidance of “higher-level online research” and the inability to “determine appropriate information sources” (36). Several librarians highlighted customers’ incapacity to perform simple activities such as opening an email account. Library staff also alluded to customer’s reluctance to ask them for help.
Libraries in the study offered a wide range of training. All provided informal, personalized training as needed. Formal IL sessions on searching the catalogue, online searching, and basic computer skills were conducted by the three bigger libraries. A mix of librarians and paraprofessional staff provided the training in these libraries. However, due to a lack of professional staff, the two smaller libraries offered periodic workshops facilitated by regional librarians.
All the libraries lacked a defined training budget. Nonetheless, the largest urban library was well-positioned to offer IL training as it had a training coordinator, a training of trainers program, as well as technologically-equipped training spaces. The other libraries in this study provided no training of trainers programs and varied in terms of the adequacy of spaces allocated for the purpose of training. The libraries also varied in terms of the importance placed on the evaluation of IL training. At the largest library evaluation forms were used to improve training initiatives, while at the small town library “evaluations were done anecdotally” (38).
Conclusion – While Internet access is available and utilized by a wide cross section of the population, IL skills are being developed informally and not through formal training offered by public libraries. Canadian public libraries need to work to improve information literacy skills by offering and promoting formal IL training programs.
49
Ott, Kaila K., Richard M. Schein, Joseph Straatmann, Mark R. Schmeler, and Brad E. Dicianno. "Development of a Home-Based Telerehabilitation Service Delivery Protocol for Wheelchair Seating and Mobility Within the Veterans Health Administration." Military Medicine, February 27, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab091.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Introduction The provision of seating and wheeled mobility devices is a complex process that requires trained professionals and multiple appointments throughout the service delivery process. However, this can be inconvenient and burdensome for individuals with mobility limitations or for individuals who live in rural areas. Rural areas often present unique difficulties regarding the provision of healthcare services including lengthy travel times to medical facilities and lack of specialized providers and medical technology. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the development and implementation of a service delivery protocol for a home-based telerehabilitation assessment for wheelchair seating and mobility. Materials and Methods The telerehabilitation team consists of a trained wheelchair seating and mobility therapist and a telehealth clinical technician (TCT). In order to determine veterans that are appropriate for a home-based telerehabilitation assessment, a three-phase pre-assessment screening process was conducted by the therapist and TCT, including consult, chart, and phone review. Veterans that met all of the predetermined eligibility criteria were recommended for a telerehabilitation wheelchair assessment. The TCT traveled to the veteran’s residence with necessary evaluation and safety equipment and connected with the therapist remotely using the VA Video Connect platform. Assessment and veteran data were collected during the initial evaluation and then during a 21-day follow-up. Results Forty-three veterans were successfully seen via telerehabilitation for a seating and wheeled mobility assessment between November, 2017 and July, 2018. The average travel distance between the veteran’s residence and the clinic was 34.1 miles. The total telerehabilitation encounter times ranged from 45 min to 145 min. Conclusions The implementation of this service delivery protocol for wheelchair seating and mobility assessments demonstrated the benefits of using telehealth services including reaching rural veterans, reducing distance traveled, maximizing efficiency of provider schedules, and conducting realistic assessments in veterans’ home environments. Success can be attributed to being able to deliver best practice remotely and to the rapport of the TCT with the providers. Cultivating provider buy-in, selecting appropriate outcome measures, and restructuring workflows were additional lessons learned. The VA Video Connect platform is an accessible tool that can be easily learned by both veterans and providers and used beyond initial wheelchair seating evaluations for improved access to follow-up healthcare services.
50
Rushton, Paula W., Karen Fung, Mélina Gauthier, Mary Goldberg, Maria Toro, Nicky Seymour, and Jon Pearlman. "Development of a toolkit for educators of the wheelchair service provision process: the Seating and Mobility Academic Resource Toolkit (SMART)." Human Resources for Health 18, no. 1 (February 18, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-0453-6.
Full text